SampleIt Loom - ashford handicrafts

Learn to weave on the
SampleIt Loom
The Ashford SampleIt Loom assembly instructions
Before Commencing - Please read the instructions
completely, identify the parts and note the assembly
sequence. Use the sandpaper supplied to remove any
sharp edges and corners.
Finishing the Wood - We recommend that the wood
surfaces be waxed or sealed before assembly. This
protects the kiln-dried wood from climatic changes and
prevents it getting dirty or stained. The Silver Beech tree is
a native of New Zealand and has a lovely variety of colour
and grain. For a silky smooth matt finish, use the Ashford
Wax Polish to enhance the natural colours and character of
this timber.
cardboard warp sticks
clamps
warping
peg
back roller
left loom
side
warp stick
right loom
side
handle
back rail
threading
hook
cog
pawl
reed
front rail
wood
screws x 8
shuttles
metal thread
screws
warp stick
washers
warp stick ties
front roller
clicker pins
round head
screws
01
02
Tap the two "clicker pins" for the pawls to the bottom of the
holes at each end on the right side.
Put the pawl in place, turn the loom side over and attach
both pawls with a 20mm (¾in) round head screw. NOTE
the "clicker pin" fits into the gap of the pawl. Rub a little
candle wax on the thread to make assembly easier. DO NOT
over tighten. The pawls should move freely. Leave 0.5mm
(1/32in) gap under the head of the screws.
03
04
Secure the back rail to the right side with two wood screws.
Note: the clamp hole is towards the bottom.
Secure the front rail to the right side with two wood screws.
05
06
Wax both ends of the rollers then place both rollers into
the assembled loom side. Check the longer roller end is
through the right side of the loom.
Locate both rollers into the left side and secure the front
and back rails with wood screws. Repeat for other side.
07
08
Place the cogs onto the ends of the rollers. Check the teeth
engage the pawls.
THEN secure with washers and 20mm (¾in) screws.
09
Locate the 4 pins on the handles into the 4 holes in the
cogs. Then give the handle a sharp hit with the palm of your
hand so they snap down tight onto the cogs.
10
Connect the front and back warp sticks to the rollers with
the warp stick ties. Push the arrowhead of the nylon ties
through the holes in the warp sticks.
11
Then push the arrowhead ends into the small hole in the
roller and out into the larger hole as illustrated.
12
Assemble the clamps.
back roller
cog
warping peg
warp stick ties
pawl
back warp stick
clamp
threading
hook
reed support
block
back rail
reed
shuttles
front warp
stick
front rail
cardboard
warp sticks
clamp
front roller
THE LOOM
The reed has holes and slots that the warp threads pass through to create the weaving shed. The reed is also used as a beater to push
the rows of weaving into place. The reed included with this loom sets the warp threads at 30 threads to each 10cm section of reed or 7.5
threads to 1 inch. The shuttle is used to carry the weft yarn from side to side to make the fabric. The warping peg, a threading hook and 2
clamps are used to thread the warp onto the loom.
Extra reeds
Pick up sticks
Welcome to the wonderful world of weaving ...
With the SampleIt Loom you can weave samples, scarves,
table runners, place mats, wall hangings or fabric strips to sew
together.
It is quick and easy to create your own fun and fabulous scarf.
Using a plain yarn just follow the warping instructions from step
1 - 26 and then wind a novelty yarn onto the shuttle and weave
plain weave as per instructions 27 - 34 for the length of your
scarf. Follow steps 66 - 68 for finishing your scarf.
To weave a beautiful sampler using seven decorative weaving
techniques follow instructions steps 1 - 69.
To weave your first double heddle project follow the warping and
weaving instructions steps 70 - 78.
Loom stand
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Reeds - 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15dpi (10, 20, 30, 40,
50 and 60/10cm), Vari Dent Reed, Stick Shuttles - 15cm
(6ins), 26cm (10ins), Pick Up Sticks, Loom Stand.
WEAVE A SAMPLER
SHED
You will need:
Scissors
A measuring tape
Cardboard warp sticks or lengths of soft paper approx.
25cm (10ins) wide
A table
A darning needle and a knitting needle
The shed is the opening formed in the warp to allow the shuttle
to pass.
Yarn
For this project we have used Ashford Tekapo Stonewash,
a smooth 8ply DK (double knit) sports weight yarn (100%
wool; 200m/218yds; 100gms net) with a slightly textured
handspun look, for the warp and weft. Assorted novelty
yarns are also used throughout the weft.
Quantity
Ashford Tekapo DK yarn – 100gm ball
Novelty yarn – 50gms of one or a variety of yarns
Warp
Ashford Tekapo
Length – 1.40m (56ins)
This length allows 23cm (9ins) at each end for fringe
Number of ends – 74
Finished width – 23cm (9ins)
Weft
Ashford Tekapo and fancy yarns
WARP & WEFT
These are 2 terms you will
need to know as they form the
basis of all weaving. The warp
threads are put onto the loom
first. They are held on the loom
under tension between the
front and back roller. The weft
threads pass over and under
the warp threads to form the
woven fabric.
Weft
Warp
01
02
2m (78ins)
Use a long table or set two tables in place until the warping
peg is approx. 2m (78ins) from the back warp stick on the
loom.
Insert a clamp into the hole in the back rail and clamp it to
the table.
03
04
pawl
cog
cut-out
Clamp the warping peg to the other end of the table.
Note: The back of the loom has the cut-out in the lower
edge. Engage the front and back pawls into the teeth in the
cogs.
05
06
up weaving
positions
rest
positions
down weaving
positions
The reed support block can accommodate two reeds. This
project only uses one reed.
Place the reed in the rest position.
07
08
Tie the warp yarn to the back warp stick. The back warp
stick should be approximately 6cm (2½ins) from the back
roller.
Push the threading hook through the first slot. Catch the
yarn with the hook and pull a loop through the slot.
09
Take the yarn to the warping peg and loop it over. Sit the ball of yarn
on the floor behind the loom.
Hint: Sit the ball of yarn in a bowl so it doesn’t roll around on the floor.
10
11
Push the threading hook through the next slot. Take the
yarn OVER the back warp stick, catch the yarn on the hook
and pull a loop through the slot. Place this loop over the
warping peg in the same way as the first loop.
Try and keep the tension even across the loom.
Go to the next slot. Take the yarn UNDER the
back stick, through the slot and over the warping peg.
Continue this way, one yarn thread over, one thread under
until you have yarns in every slot.
12
13
To change colours tie off one colour onto the back warp
stick. Tie on the new colour to the back warp stick. Check
tension. Cut the last thread at the back of the loom and tie
it to the back warp stick.
Take a piece of scrap yarn. Tie this yarn firmly around all the
warp threads in the front of the warping peg with a bow or
knot you can undo easily later.
14
Cut through all the yarn loops at the warping peg.
15
Ask a friend to hold the warp ends for you. They must hold
the threads under tension at the tie and move forward as
you wind the warp on the loom.
NOTE: If you are by yourself, refer to the Solo Warping
Instructions on our website.
16
17
Stand at the back of the loom. Turn the back handle towards
you until the back warp stick goes around the roller once.
Insert a cardboard warp stick or piece of paper the full width
of the loom.
18
19
The cardboard warp sticks or paper separate the yarns and
keeps the tension even. Add more cardboard warp sticks or
paper as you wind the warp on.
Stop when the tie is at the front of the loom. Remove the
tie. Do not wind any further! Unclamp the loom.
20
21
BE CAREFUL. DON'T PULL TOO
HARD AND BREAK THE THREAD!
Lift the first 2 threads on the left to the top of the slot. Look
behind the reed and gently pull the left hand thread out of the
slot. The other thread stays in the slot. Use the threading hook to
pull this thread through the eye to the left of the slot. Continue
across all slots. Now threads are in both eyes and slots.
Turn the front handle until the front warp stick is approx.
5cm (2ins) from the front roller. Divide the threads into 6
groups. Start with a centre group. Take this group of threads
over and around the front warp stick. Divide it in two. Tie in
a flat SINGLE knot.
22
Tie the other groups in the same way. Check the tension.
The tension of the threads should be the same. Tighten all
the threads by winding the front handle towards you. Adjust
the knots until all groups are the same tension.
24
There are 2 weaving positions. First lift the reed into the
up weaving position. Insert a cardboard warp stick into the
shed. Slide it to the front of the loom.
23
Tie the second half of the knots to secure. Use half a bow
tie. You want to be able to undo these knots easily when
your scarf is finished.
25
Change the reed to the down weaving position. Insert a
cardboard warp stick into the shed. Slide it to the front of
the loom.
26
27
Wind the weft yarn onto the shuttle.
Change the reed to the up weaving position. Take the
shuttle and pass it through the shed.
28
29
Leave the end of the yarn out approx. 5cm (2ins). To keep
the edges straight do not pull the weft thread too tight
– leave the yarn at an angle of 20 degrees before gently
pushing into place with the reed.
Use the reed to gently push the first row of weaving up to
the cardboard warp stick.
30
BEAT GENTLY! THERE MUST BE A
SMALL SPACE BETWEEN THE ROWS.
31
Pattern 1: Plain weave
Pass the shuttle through the down shed. Use the reed to
gently push the second row into place.
Put the reed into the down weaving position. Use your
fingers to place the end thread into the shed.
32
33
Continue plain weave for 8 more rows. Sit in a comfortable
chair with the loom in your lap and the back of the loom on
the edge of the table.
Note: When your work is approx 8cm (3ins) from the reed, it
is time to wind the weaving onto the front roller. PLACE THE
REED INTO THE REST POSITION. Release the tension on the
warp by turning the back handle away and click the pawl up.
34
35
Note: Keep the tension on the back handle and turn
the front handle towards you until your work is approx.
5cm (2ins) from the roller. Click the back pawl down and
retension the warp. As you weave, continue winding your
work onto the front roller in this way.
Pattern 2: Rya knots
Cut 12cm (4¾ins) pieces of novelty yarn and put into
groups of two or three pieces.
36
37
Place the reed in the rest position. Knot the novelty yarn
groups into the weft as per the diagram.
Continue across the row. Weave 3 rows plain weave in
Tekapo yarn after the row of knots.
Repeat pattern 2, two more times.
39
38
Pattern 3: Soumak
Place the reed in the rest position. Start on the left: using
a darning needle, take the yarn over 4 warp threads (to the
right) and back under 2 threads (to the left). Repeat across
row.
Trim the knot ends to the desired length. Weave 10 rows
plain weave.
40
Weave 2 rows of plain weave in novelty yarn.
41
Repeat step 39. Weave 10 rows plain weave.
42
43
Pattern 4: Textured Weave
There are four rows to the pattern. Place the reed in the
down position, with the pick up stick (spare shuttle) pick
up every second thread behind the reed. Under 1, over 1
across the width.
Row 1: With the reed in the down position. Place the pick
up stick on its edge behind the reed to create the shed.
Weave one row.
44
45
Row 2: Plain weave. Slide the pick up stick to the back of
the loom. Place the reed into the up position. Weave one
row.
Row 3: Place the reed into the down position. Weave one row.
Row 4: Place the reed into the up position. Weave one row.
The pick up stick stays at the back of the loom.
46
Repeat pattern 4, four more times.
Weave 10 rows of plain weave.
Keep the pick up stick at the back of the loom as it will be
used again in pattern 5.
47
Pattern 5: Window Weave
There are four rows to the pattern. Row 1: Place the reed in
the up position. Place the pick up stick on its edge behind
the reed to create a new shed. Weave a row with novelty
yarn. Push the pick up stick to the back.
48
Ensure you always catch the end thread for neat edges.
49
Row 2: Place the reed in the down position. Weave one
row of plain weave.
50
Row 3: Repeat row 1.
52
Pattern 6: Pile Loop
Row 1: Place the reed in the down position. Take shuttle through
shed from right to left. DO NOT beat. Starting on the right using
a knitting needle, pick up the yarn between every 2 warp threads
across the width to form a loop around the needle.
51
Row 4: Weave 3 rows of plain weave.
Repeat Pattern 5, two more times.
Weave 7 rows of plain weave.
53
Row 2: Place the reed in the up position and weave a
plain row.
54
Carefully pull the needle out. Beat loops firmly into place.
Repeat pattern 6, two more times.
Weave 10 rows of plain weave.
55
Pattern 7: Weft Floats
There are two rows to the pattern. Place reed in the down
position. With the pick up stick, pick up threads in the
following sequence: over 2, under 3, over 3. Continue under
3, over 3 across the width.
56
Row 1: Place the pick up stick on its edge behind the reed
to create the shed. Weave a row with novelty yarn.
Push the pick up stick to the back.
57
Row 2: Place the reed in the up position. Weave a row of
plain weave. Remember to go around the novelty yarn
thread and catching the edge thread.
Note: Ensure you always catch the end thread for neat
edges.
58
59
Repeat these 2 rows two more times.
Weave 20 rows of plain weave.
Pattern 8: Brooks Bouquet
Place reed in the down position. Weave through the shed
and bring your shuttle out after the 6th thread. Gently beat.
This is the outside border.
60
61
Place the reed in the rest position. Pass the shuttle under
the next 5 threads, and then take the shuttle back around
and under the last 4 threads. Pull the yarn to form a
“bunch”.
Continue across the row, stopping when there are 10
threads on the right - this will be your outside border.
62
Place the reed back into the down position and weave
under the last 5 threads. Gently beat.
63
Weave 3 rows in plain weave. Repeat 4 more times (5 sets
in total).
Weave 20 rows in plain weave.
64
You have now woven half of the Sampler. Reverse the weaving sequence starting at pattern 7 then pattern 6 etc. Weave
the Soumak technique reverse (right to left).
65
Joining in a new thread: At some stage the yarn on the
shuttle will be finished. Wind some more yarn on the
shuttle. Overlap the new yarn across the old yarn into the
same shed. Beat both yarns together.
66
67
When you reach the end leave enough warp for your fringe.
Cut the weft yarn and leave the end out. Cut the warp yarns
along the back warp stick. Take care not to cut the warp
stick ties.
Release the front pawl and unwind the weaving from the
front roller. Undo the knots on the front warp stick and
remove the work from the loom. Take out the cardboard
warp sticks.
68
69
Lay your work on the table and tie the ends in groups of
four. Use overhand knots or twist with the Ashford Fringe
Twister. Darn the end of the weft thread into your work
using a wool needle.
Straight off the loom
Washed
See washing instructions on the next page.
FINISHING
HELPFUL HINTS
The woven work should be washed so the threads open up and
fill the spaces to give the fabric a ‘finished’ look.
Tying Knots
When you tie any knot during weaving you will need to undo it
again at some stage. Always tie a knot that you can undo easily.
WASHING
Beating
Always beat gently. Sometimes the work will look a little open.
Remember, the work is under tension on the loom and will come
together when taken off. Also, the washing process will close
the gaps a little.
Wash the weaving gently in warm water with a little detergent.
Push up and down for a minute. Let the soapy water drain away
and rinse the scarf in warm, clean water. Lay flat to dry. While
the work is still damp, cover it with a soft cotton cloth and press
with a warm iron.
WARPING OPTION
If you do not have a long table or two tables, clamp the loom to
one table and place the warp threads around a chair. A straightbacked chair works well.
Fixing a Broken Warp Thread
Plain weaving
Two layer
weaving
DOUBLE WEAVE ON THE SAMPLEIT LOOM
This is a great, useful first project to learn second heddle
weaving. Using a different colour yarn for each layer makes
it easier to understand when you are warping your loom.
You will need:
2 reeds 40/10cm (10dpi)
Scissors
Cardboard warp sticks or lengths of soft paper approx.
25cm (10ins) wide
A table
A darning needle
Yarn
For this project we have used Ashford Mackenzie 4ply
(100% Merino; 385m/421yds; 100gms net), White 1 ball,
Black 1 ball.
Warp
Ashford Mackenzie 4ply
Length – 1.80m (70ins)
This length allows 10cm (4ins) at each end for fringe.
Number of ends – 192
Finished width – 23cm (9ins)
Weft
Ashford Mackenzie 4ply
Brooks Bouquet
Two layer
weaving
Brooks Bouquet
Two layer
weaving
Brooks Bouquet
Two layer
weaving
Brooks Bouquet
Two layer
weaving
Brooks Bouquet
Two layer
weaving
Plain weaving
70
Place one reed in the back heddle rest position. Warp
across reed in the normal way but place two loops in each
slot (one loop of black and one of white). Follow steps 12 19 to finish the warping sequence.
72
Place the second reed in the front heddle rest position. Drape
all ends from the back reed over the front reed (this will help
to make the threading easier). Starting on the left, take the
first group of 4 ends (2 white ends and 1 black end from the
slot and 1 end from the eye to the right and thread all 4 ends
through the slot directly in front in the front reed.
71
With the front of the loom facing you and starting from the
left use a heddle hook to take one of the black ends from
the slot and thread it through the eye to the right. Continue
across the reed.
73
Continue across the reed. Now you will have 4 ends (2 black
and 2 white) in each slot in the front reed.
74
75
Take the first group of 4 ends and pull the black pair down
and the white pair up. Take 1 white end from the pair of
white ends (choose the one that is to the top or left of the
pair) and thread through the eye to the left.
Continue across the reed. Note: Check there are no crosses
between the reeds. If the ends are crossed remove and
repeat step 74. Your threading will look like this diagram.
Tie to the front warp stick following steps 21 - 25.
76
Creating the additional sheds
Pick Up Stick A
Plain weave - One layer double the ends per cm/in
Place both reeds in up position, weave one pick.
Place both reeds in the down position, weave one pick.
Repeat step 1.
Note: When changing the shed leave the front reed hanging.
77
Pick Up Stick B
Pick Up Stick A - Place both reeds in down position. Behind the
back reed lift up all the white threads on the top and insert a
pick up stick (A). Slide stick A to the back beam.
Pick Up Stick B - Place both reeds in the up position. Slide pick
up stick A forward and insert pick up stick B into the bottom
shed that is formed. Slide both sticks to the back beam.
Two Layered Weaving
It is easy to create two separate layers of cloth at
the same time. Hint: When weaving two separate
layers do not go around the alternate weft thread.
Top Layer - White warp and weft.
Shed 1 - Both reeds in the rest position, slide
pick up stick A forward and turn on side. Weave
one pick of white. Slide pick up stick A to the
back.
Shed 2 - Place the front reed in the up position.
Weave one pick of white.
Brooks Bouquet
The beautiful lace of Brooks Bouquet is enhanced
by the black second layer backing cloth.
1. Weave 4 picks on the bottom black layer and 4
picks top white layer (see instructions above).
2. Weave 4 more picks on the bottom black layer.
3. Place both reeds in the rest position and slide.
pick up stick A forward and turn on side.
4. Slide the shuttle with the white yarn under the
first 6 ends and back over and around the last 4
ends and pull the yarn to make a "bunch".
5. Pick up the next 4 ends with the shuttle and
take it back over and around these 4 ends and
under the next 4 (you will be going under 8 ends).
6. Continue across row (check that the number of
ends will make equal-sized bunches).
7. When there are 6 ends left use the shuttle to
pick up 4 ends and take the shuttle around the 4
and under the 2 ends to finish the row.
8. Weave 4 more picks bottom and top layers.
9. Join the two layers (see above).
10. Repeat instructions 1-9 for desired result.
Bottom layer - Black warp and weft.
Shed 3 - Both reeds in the rest position, slide
pick up stick B forward and turn on side. Weave
one pick of black. Slide pick up stick B to the
back.
Shed 4 - Place the back reed in the down
position. Weave one pick of black.
78
Repeat weaving one top layer and then one bottom
layer until weaving reaches the desired length. To
join the layers at anytime place the back reed up
and weave one pick of either black or white.
Hint: Use your fingers to adjust
the "bouquets" so they are
level.
Secure top end with hemstitch
or machine zigzag stitch. Do a
twisted fringe at the beginning
of the weaving, which will
become the bottom of the
hanging. Handwash in warm
water. Lay flat to dry. Fold top
over 3cm (1½") stitch down to
make pocket to insert hanging
needle.
For more information, helpful hints
and inspiration we recommend
The Ashford Book of Rigid Heddle
Weaving. Visit our website to view
our tutorial videos.
Ashford Handicrafts Limited
Factory and Showroom: 415 West Street
P O Box 474, Ashburton, New Zealand
Telephone: +64 3 308 9087
Facsimile: +64 3 308 8664
Email: [email protected]
Internet: http://www.ashford.co.nz
LTWSL
9 418647 142969