- Marhaban Ya Ramadhan - In this Issue Welcome Ramadhan

Editor: Tsukuba Muslims Residents Association (TSUMRA)
Vol. 8 No 6
Email: [email protected]
http://www.geocities.com/tsumra/
- Marhaban Ya Ramadhan Sya’aban 1424 A.H. Oct 2003
In this Issue
Welcome Ramadhan
Fastings :It’s Meaning and Virtues
The Events of the Month of Sya’aban
Baghdad
Waiting For Jesus
1
In the name of Allah,
the Compassionate,the Merciful.
Praise be to Allah,Lord of the Universe,
And Peace and Prayers be upon
His final Prophet and Messenger.
!
!
"
#
:: EDITORIAL SECTION ::
CHIEF IN EDITOR
Mohd Afendi Bin Rojan
DESIGN ASSOCIATES
Ahmad Syahir
EDITORIAL STAFF
Muhammad Imran
Mourad Mansur
Ahmad Tofael
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The Events of the Month of Sya’aban
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In the fourth century A.H. Baghdad was among the
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politically. It reached a peak of prosperity and
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influence under the caliph Harun Al-Rashid.
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distinguished status. In the fourth century A.H., the
building of Bait Al-Hikmah (the House of
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Wisdom) in Baghdad was initiated by Harun Al-
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Throughout history, Baghdad enjoyed a very
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http://magazine.al-islam.com/
Rashid and later completed by his son Al-Ma'mun.
It represented a house of knowledge and a library,
where seminars and symposiums were held,
attended by a big number of scholars, researchers
and translators. Caliph Harun Al-Rashid, and later
Baghdad
his son Al-Ma'mun had effective participation in
these seminars and symposiums.
The library of Bait Al-Hikmah contributed
considerably in the advancement of Medicine,
Chemistry and Astronomy. Scientific experiments
and scholarly researches were undertaken in full
swing. Caliphs and wealthy people exerted
praiseworthy efforts in collecting rare books and
facilitated for scholars and students to benefit from
them. Caliph Harun Al-Rashid assigned a place in
his palace where rare books in Arabic and other
languages were collected and preserved. AlMa'mun later enriched this bookstore, which
contained thousands of volumes. Later, many other
Location:
The foundation of Baghdad is closely linked to
the history of the Abbasid Caliphate. It was built
by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mansur in 145 A.H. on
the eastern bank of the Tigris.
Its longitude is W 45° and its latitude is N 34°.
bookstores were established in Baghdad. However,
the Mongol invasion, the flood of Tigris and the
conflagration that took place in Baghdad, all led to
the loss and destruction of a huge number of
books.
Celebrities:
There were many distinguished scholars who lived
in Baghdad, among whom were: Imam Ahmad bin
8
Hanbal, Abu Ishaq Al-Shirazi, Abu Hamid Al-
influence the League of Nations to issue the deed
Ghazali, Al-Shashi, Ibn Al-Jauzi, Al-Jahizh, Al-
of mandate, which provided for the
Farra', Al-Zajjaj, Al-Zajjaji, Qutrub, Al-Sairafi,
acknowledgment of Iraq as a sovereign country on
Ibn Al-Sakit, Yaqut Al-Hamawi, Al-Baladhuri,
the condition of accepting the administrative
Ibn Khuradizbah, Al-Mas`udi, Al-Kindi, Al-Sufi,
consultation given by a mandate country, until it
Al-Fazari, Al-Saghani, Al-Tusi, Al-Karji, Al-
becomes full eligible to administer its own affairs.
Khaiyam, Al-Nisaburi, Ibn Rabn Al-Tabari, AlRazi, Ibn Malka, Al-Ahwazi, Ibn Al-`Ain Al-
Baghdad has become the capital city of Iraq until
Zarbi, Ibn Al-Labbad, and others.
today.
The fall of Baghdad:
In 656 A.H. Hülegü Khan besieged Baghdad. The
Tartars managed to take Baghdad and killed the
Caliph Al-Mu`tasim and his children and men of
the court. Baghdad was exposed to many acts of
violence and sabotage for a long period. The
caliphate declined in Baghdad after five centuries
of rule. This represented a disaster that befell the
Islamic world. Tamerlane invaded Baghdad for
several times, the last of which was 803 A.H. He
took it by force and exposed its people to wide
scale killings and persecution. For a week his
soldiers went in rampage in the city, committing
horrible crimes.
In 914 Baghdad was invaded by Ismail the
Safavid. It remained under the control of the
Safavids until it was taken by the Ottomans in 941
A.H. The Safavids restored it again in 1033 and
remained under their control until it was restored
by the Ottoman Sultan Murad IV in 1048 A.H.
These events led to the deterioration and
weakness of Baghdad and the retardation in all
cultural aspects, with which Baghdad was
previously reputed for a long time.
In 1335 A.H. Baghdad was taken by the British
forces. When the Iraqi revolution broke out
against the British forces, Britain managed to
9
WAITING FOR JESUS
1
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The Good Tiding Awaited by
Christians and Muslims
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