Animation

Transcription

Animation

Stereoscopic
3D Graphic Modeling & Animation
Lecture 1. Introduction & Course Overview
Spring 2011
Korean German Institute of Technology
Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation
Instructor & Course Info
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Professor : 김현주
Class time : Wed 4-6pm, Wed 1-4(Open Lab)
Credit Hour: 2 hours
Contact :
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Office: Room 101 (등촌), Seoul Media Lab(상암)
Phone: 02-6393-3238, Cell: 010-3050-9905
Email: [email protected]
Office hour: Fri 10am-5pm
Class BBS : http://kgit.kr/html/?depth=280
Class Email Group:
[email protected]
Course Overview
Intermediate & advanced methods and knowledge of 3D CG modeling and
animation for stereoscopic contents production will be featured in this
studio class. Students are expected to learn, but not limited to the topics
below:
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Animation Production Workflow
Workflow of Stereoscopic 3D CG
Maya’s structure and functions
Theory and Practice of Modeling
Theory and Practice of Texturing/Shading
Theory and Practice of Lighting/Staging
Theory and Practice of Animation
Stereoscopic Camera & Rendering
Theory and Practice of Composition & Post Production
Work Review
Textbook
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주교재
– Maya Summary, 곽기훈 저, 디지털북스, 2008
– 3D 입체영상제작 워크북, 최양현 외 3명, 2011
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참고문헌
– The Art of 3-D Computer Animation and Effects, Third Edition (Paperback) by
Isaac Victor Kerlow, John Wiley & Sons; 3 edition (August 12, 2003) ISBN:
0471430366
– 3D 초급자를 위한 MAYA 7.0 50일 완성 이승엽 | 정재환 (지은이) | 가메출판사
| 2006-01-03
– 3D 입체영화제작기술, Bermard Mendiburu (이승현 역), Focal Press
(영화진흥위), 2010
– Introducing Maya 2008 with CD-Rom Paperback Dariush Derakhshani |
WROX Press (or similar versions)
Why CG 3D for Stereoscopic Production?
• Simple setup for virtual cameras
• Easy of preview & adjustment
• Characteristics of 3D CGI contents fits well to many
stereoscopic storytelling.
3D Tools
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SW for 3D modeling &
animation:
– Autodesk 3DS Max, XSI,
Maya, Cinema4D
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Other Composite software :
– Autodesk Toxik, Foundry
Nuke (ocula plug-in),
Luster
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Autodesk Maya :
– Since 2009, Stereo virtual
camera plugin is offered
– Many major CG animation
is produced by this
including “Avatar”
3D Graphic Modeling
• Types:
– Solid modeling
– Shell/Boundary modeling
• Purposes:
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Scientific visualization
Medical illustration
Motion pictures
Video game, Augmented Reality, 3D virtual SNS(Second life)
Architectural models (space visualization)
CAD
Art print
3D Rapid prototype
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Hyun Ju Kim
• Kenneth Huff
• Kenneth Huff
Animation
• General Term
A simulation of movement created by displaying a series of
pictures, or frames.
• Specialties
– Animation ( Narrative, Experimental )
– Visual Effect
– Motion graphics
History
Ancient cavemen’s drawing
-The very first animation
-The trial to capture motion in their art
- ex.Eight legged boar - Altamira cave of
Northern Spane
- ex2. Egyptian wall decoration-sequence
of wrestling motions
History
• Persistance of Vision
-”Eye retains images when it is exposed to a series of pictures at
a time”
-1928, Paul Roget
• Thaumatrope
History
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Phenakistoscope by
Joseph Plateau1826
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Zoetrope by Pierr
Desvignes 1860
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Motion camera and
projectors by Thomas
Edison
History
• Start of computer and its graphics
– Ivan Sutherland at MIT - Sketchpad 1960s
– David Evans at Univ. of Utah - 3D graphic algorithms
• Historic figures in CG
John Witney Sr., Charles Csuri, Robert Abel
3D Animation Production Workflow
Preproduction
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Story/Script
Storyboard
Character and model design
Sound Design
Technical Test
Production Scheduling
Considerations for stereoscopic production
Storyboard
Storyboard
• For presentation
Character Sketch
Work Modeling
by Olivia& Weiss
Stereoscopic 3D Graphic
Animation
Model Sheets
Work Modeling
by Olivia& Weiss
Stereoscopic 3D Graphic
Animation
Orthographic
OthographicDrawings
Drawing
Production
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Modeling
Character Setup
Shading & Texturing
Animation
Lighting
Rendering
Production
• Modeling
– Process of building characters, props and environments in the
scene
– most time consuming process, hard to reverse the result of
modeling later on
– planning modeling is important
Neutral Pose
• Chris Pose, modified Chris Pose, Harley pose
Production
• Shading & Texturing
- Process that adds realistic or stylized surface elements to the
models
- A material is created that determines the surface’s
characteristics- color, transparency, shininess, bumpiness,
reflection…
- Bitmap image mapping, UV mapping for skin…
- More adjustment later for final rendering
Production
• Character Setup (Rigging)
– Process of preparing a character
so that it can be animated
– Create skeletons and control
objects
– Binding skeletons to a character
model, where a character can
finally deform as joints move
Production
• Animation
- Process to create movement in the scene through out time.
- Key framing
- Block and refine technique (rough test by checking key frames
without in-between frames)
Production
• Rendering
- The process of creating a raster image, sequence of images or
a movie file from all the data constructed with the 3D scene
- Rendering time depends on model geometry, number of
lights, quality and size of output
- Stereoscopic rendering involves two tracks of randerin path
for the left & right clips.
Production
• Considerations
* process is not always linear, you will often go back and forth
adjusting models, lights, and textures throughout the process
* the more efficient your scene, the better for render times
* the more experience you get, the better eye you will have for
efficiency
* Understanding the workflow of 3D animation is first step of
getting started!!
Post Production
• The process of editing 3D elements into final form,
sometimes by combining with other elements such as
film and video footages, and sound track
3D Graphics Fundamentals
3D Coordinate Space
• 3D space is merely the virtual area in which you create
your models and execute your animation
• Why coordinate system?
• to define the location of a point in space numerically
• precise and understandable by computer
• It is based on the Cartesian coordinate system, a
geometric map developed by Rene Descartes
3D Coordinate Space
• Cartesian coordinate system
3D Coordinate Space
• Local & world coordinate system
- Pivot point: A point which 3D computer program recognizes as
the origin of the object.
- World( or Global ) coordinate system has absolute origin of (0,0,0)
- Local coordinate system has its origin as an object’s pivot point.
Geometric components
• Point:
- A location in space by using numbers given in the
XYZ dimension
- Has no size or volume.
- Cannot be rendered
• Line
- The entity that spans directly between two points.
- Defined by the X, Y and Z locations of two
endpoints.
- Edge is a type of line that is defined by adjacent
sides of polygons
- 1 dimensional( length ) but has no thickness, no
height, no depth..
- Does not appear in rendered image
• Plane
- The trace produced by moving a line in any one direction
- 2 dimensional( the length of original line & width )
- Continues infinitely in two directions (slightly different from
surface)
* Polygon is a planar surface defined by a number of vertices.
• Curve
- A type of smooth line that is usually defined by several points
and deviated from a straight path
- 2 dimensional or 3 dimensional
• Curved Surface
A surface produced by moving a curve through space, either
along straight line or curve
* Patch – A curved surface generated from two spline
curves
Viewing Window
• You see 3D space by 2D viewing windows, by projecting the 3D
viewing volume into 2D plane.
• Two types of viewing window
• Perspective (or Camera)
• Employs perspective distortion: object in the distance appear small than
that are closer to the viewer
• Orthographic
• No perspectives counted for viewing. Same size of object regardless of
distance from viewer
• Top, Front, Side viewing window
Viewing Window
Geometric Primitives
• Basic geometric shapes which can be easily defined
mathematically and popularly used in 3D graphic user,
thus provided as a library.
Transformation
• The act of moving, rotating, scaling models along an
axis.
- Move (Translate) : assign moving values along x, y and z
axes.
- Rotate : assign degree of rotation(0 to 360).
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Right-handed rotation rule. Rotation order
- Scale: assign proportion of size along an axis
- uniform scaling, non-uniform scaling
• Depending on which coordinate system(Local or
World) is used for the transformation, the result
comes out differently.
• Several approaches to represent curve
– Linear approximation ( Polyline technique)
- Represents curves with contiguous lines
- Simple but hard to modify
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Spline approach
- Represents curves with polynomial equations.
• Advantage: easy to modify, mathematically smooth curve, less data
needed
• Common terms:
• Control vertices( vertex ) : Points that controls the shape of curve
• Hull : A line that connects two adjacent control vertices.
– Two categories: Interpolation & Approximation
– Interpolating spline
- Cardinal spline: spline goes through each control point
– may have some undesired irregularity.
– Approximating Spline
- Spline goes near the control points, which offers wider
margin of error in the placement of control point.
- B-spline : features basic approximating spline
- Bezier curve : B-spline plus tangent vector (or handle)
to decide curvature. Pen tool in Photoshop
- NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline) curve :
Goes through first and last control vertices
Provides edit points lied along the curve
Maya Object Structure
- Node, Hierarchy, Dependency-
Maya Object Structure
• Node
- Basic building block for anything in Maya
- Has attributes (or channels) that are specific to that particular node
- Ex. Shape nodes, transform nodes, rendering nodes, script nodes..
• Hierarchy
- a relationship of nodes described in terms of parent, child and sibling.
Child node will inherit what is done to parents, transforming along with it,
and maintaining the same spatial relationship.
Image Sources
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www.mauriciovives.com/ old/portfolio/kirr.jpg
www.okrentassociates.com/.../ model/eastview.html
http://user.mc.net/~paulb/ck97class/test.jpg
home.arcor.de/sibistar/ home/images/roboter.jpg
http://www.gamespot.at/catalog/images/pc_tombraiderangelofdarkness.jpg
http://www.stuplaza.net/pioneer/create/works/industry/car_3d.jpg
http://3d-metropolis.com/malfic.html
http://www.mtmckinley.net/tutorial/sharkman15.jpg
http://www.sainsbury.uk.com/portfolio/hnd/video/urban/storyboard.jpg
http://www.vr-fx.com/FIT/W2000/Storyboard.jpg
http://webhome.idirect.com/~oweiss/portfolio/character_design/4.html
http://www.jawa9000.com/technical/foot-roll/figure02.jpg
Principles of Three Dimensional Computer Animation by Michael O'Rourke, W. W. Norton & Company; 3rd
edition (2003)
Inspired 3D Modeling & Texture Mapping by Tom Capizzi , 2002
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OpenGL Programing Guide, third edition, Woo & Neider, Addison Wesley 1999
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http://dictionary.zdnet.com/definition/solid+modeling.html

Animation

Transcription

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