Appendix C

Appendix C
Archaeological and Historical Resources
A Phase 1 Archaeological Study
For the Proposed Trancas Neighborhood Park Project
a 13.5 Acre development located at 6000 Trancas Canyon Road
APNs #4469-001-903; 4469-001-902; 4469-001-905; 4469-001-904
City of Malibu, County of Los Angeles, California
Prepared for:
Rincon Consultants, Inc.
790 East Santa Clara Street
Ventura, California 93001
Phone: 805-641-1000 - Fax: 805-641-1072
Prepared and submitted by:
Robert J. Wlodarski
M.A./RPA and CCPH Certified
Principal Investigator
Historical, Environmental, Archaeological, Research, Team
8701 Lava Place
West Hills, California 91304-2126
Phone/Fax: 818:340-6676
E-mail: [email protected]
January, 2006
Summary of Findings
At the request of Rincon Consultants, Inc., a Phase 1 Archaeological Study was prepared for an environmental
document in support of the Proposed Trancas Neighborhood Park Project, a 13.5 Acre development located at 6000
Trancas Canyon Road (APNs #4469-001-903; 4469-001-902; 4469-001-905; 4469-001-904), City of Malibu, County
of Los Angeles, California. This document is intended to assist the client in achieving compliance with the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the California Coastal Act (CCA), the Malibu Local Coastal Program Land Use
Plan (MLCPLUP), and the City of Malibu Planning Guidelines. The scope of work consisted of:
1. Performing a records search at the South Central Coastal Information Center, California State University Fullerton.
2. Conducting an on-foot surface reconnaissance of the project area.
3. Preparing a report summarizing the results of the records search and field phases.
Generally, the undeveloped project area is situated north of the Pacific Ocean, south of Agoura Hills, west of Santa
Monica and east Oxnard, within the City of Malibu, County of Los Angeles, California (Figure 1). The project is
depicted on the Point Dume California 7.5-minute USGS map (1967) within Township 1 South, Range 18 West in an
unsectioned portion of Rancho Topanga Malibu Sequit (Figure 2). The proposed study represents a neighborhood park
project encompassing four undeveloped, residentially zoned lots totaling 13 acres, at the west end of the Malibu West
residential area (Figure 3). The project will include a multi use sports field, a children’s play area, walking trails
connecting the various areas of the park, picnic areas, a viewing area to view surrounding vistas and landmarks,
restrooms, a small storage building and up to 81 parking spaces to serve these facilities (Figure 4).
Proposed access to the facility will be from Trancas Canyon Road. Most of the project area is located on previously
disturbed fill soils as part of the circa 1963 Malibu West subdivision. Existing plant life contains a mix of native and
non native vegetation. About nine acres will remain native landscaping with much of the invasive non-native
vegetation removed. Additional landscaping will include trees for shade and screening and turf grass in appropriate
areas The surrounding area contains primarily residential development with public open space to the north. The project
site currently contains gently sloping, southerly-trending terraced mesas.
Soils on the property belong to the Diablo Series, which are moderately deep to deep, well drained soils on rolling to
steep uplands, on calcareous shale and sandstone. They contain dark gray, fine textured surface layers and dark grayish
brown, fine textured, blocky, calcareous subsoils resting on calcareous shale, sandstone or mudstone at depths from
20-52 inches (51cm-132cm); and Millsholm Series, which are shallow, well drained soils developed on moderately
steep to very steep upland areas on sandstone and shale. The soils are thin, dark grayish brown medium textured,
surface soils over brown moderately fine textured subsoils resting on shattered shale at 10-20 inches (25-51cm). Up to
15% shale or gravel fragments may be present. Textures are clay loam and may contain up to 25% gravel or shale
fragments. Millsholm rocky loam contains up to 10% rock outcroppings, while Millsholm loam may contain only 5%
or less rock outcrops. Depth to rock averages 10-20 inches (25-51cm) (U.S. Department of Agriculture (1967).
A records search performed by archaeologist, Wayne Bonner, at the South Central Coast Information Center on
January 5, 2006 indicated that no previously recorded prehistoric or historic archaeological sites or isolates exist on the
property. In addition, the following results apply within a one-mile radius of the survey area:
x Six prehistoric archaeological sites (19-000197, 19-000499/500, 19-001065, 19-002028 & 19-100403) are noted.
x Thirty-two studies have been conducted: Boxt & Colby 1983; Chartkoff et al. 1996; Clewlow 1979; Dillon 1986;
Farnsworth & Whitley 1985; Frierman 1993; Hector 1978; King 1990, 1992, 1994, 1998, 1999, 2000a,b,c; Maki
1996; Maki & Romani 1997; Raab et al 1984; Rosen 1975; Salls 1989; and Wlodarski 1974, 1985, 1993, 1994,
1999, 2001a,b,c,d,e, 2003, and 2004. None of these projects encompasses the project area.
x No National Register of Historic Places are identified (1979-2005 and supplements to date).
x No California Register of Historic Resources exists (1992, with supplemental information to date).
x No California Historical Landmarks are listed (1995, with supplemental information to date).
x No California Points of Historical Interest are noted (1992, with supplemental information to date).
x No State Historic Resources Commission issues are presented (1980-present. Minutes from quarterly meeting).
Historic maps on file at the Geography Department Map Reference Center, California State University Northridge, and
City of Los Angeles, Bureau of Engineering, were also consulted as follows:
x
Township-Range Plat Survey Maps (1853-1897).
-ii-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Map of Private Grants and Public Lands Adjacent to Los Angeles and San Diego (Clinton Day - 1869).
Map of the County of Los Angeles, California (Stevenson - 1881, and Rowan - 1888).
Map of the Reservoir Lands in the County of Los Angeles (Seebold - 1891).
Inspection of the Camulos (1901) and Triunfo Pass (1921 & 1943) USGS maps indicated that by 1900, the PCH
was an unimproved road with Trancas Canyon, Lechuza Canyon and Nicholas Canyon delineated. Encinal
Canyon is unmarked with a dirt road trending north up the canyon. During 1905, May Knight Rindge, built the
Hueneme, Malibu and Port Los Angeles Railway, which ran south of the property and by 1908, 15 miles of track
had been laid. By 1929 the State Highway 1 (Pacific Coast Highway) opened and the railroad ceased operating.
By 1943, Route 101 and scattered structures existed along the coast. During 1991, Malibu was incorporated.
1924 Map showing the Marblehead Land Company Holdings and Malibu Hueneme Railroad Line.
1940-1970 Fairchild and Spence aerial photographs of Point Dume.
A letter was sent to the Ron Wood, Environmental Specialist, Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC),
815 Capitol Mall, Room 384, Sacramento, California 90095 on December 27, 2005, requesting a check of the
data base and sacred lands files to determine if the project will adversely impact potentially sensitive Native
American resources, or if any current tribal issues exist with respect to this general area. A response was received
on January 5, 2005 indicating that no potential resource issues are noted in the NAHC sacred lands files.
A pedestrian survey of the project area was performed by the author (Principal Investigator) with the assistance of
archaeologist Matthew Conrad (Project Manager) on January 4, 2006. During the field reconnaissance phase, the
following field observations were made:
x Access to the property was via a graded road off of Trancas Canyon Road, although alternative access points
existed off of La Gloria Drive and Tapia Drive located along the southern border of the property.
x Roughly 70%-80% of the property has been previously disturbed as part of a 1960s development effort. The
southern and southeastern portion of the project area consists of graded terrain on top of fill soils.
x The western portion of the parcel contains existing water tanks (one abandoned) and sloping terrain that drops east
from Trancas Canyon Road to the flat, disturbed mesa-like area.
x A graded road trends east and north from Trancas Canyon Road, dropping to the graded, disturbed area.
x The eastern portion of the property consists of very steep terrain, dropping sharply from the disturbed mesa-like
area to a drainage channel below, adjacent to a residential development.
x The project site is almost entirely devoid of native vegetation, usually a sign that prior man-made disturbances
have occurred.
All exposed terrain and fortuitous exposures such as trails, roads, rodent burrows, stream cuts and excavated,
landscaped and/or cleared areas were thoroughly inspected for signs of cultural resources within the project area. Plate
1 illustrates selected views of the subject property.
The results of the Phase 1 archaeological study indicated that no prehistoric and no historic archaeological resources
were encountered within the project area as illustrated in Figures 2 and 4. Proposed improvements within the property
boundaries will have no adverse impacts on known cultural resources. No additional hindrances affected the results of
this survey and no conditions are placed on the project based on the project results.
The nature of a walkover can only confidently assess the potential for encountering surface cultural resource remains;
therefore, customary caution is advised when developing within the project area. Should unanticipated cultural
resource remains be encountered during land modification activities, work must cease, and the City of Malibu Planning
Director contacted immediately to determine appropriate measures to mitigate adverse impacts to the discovered
resources. Cultural resource remains may include artifacts, shell, bone, features, foundations, trash pits and privies, etc.
If human remains are discovered during ground altering activities, then the procedures described in Section 7050.5 of
the California Health and Safety Code shall be followed. These procedures require notification of the County Coroner.
If the County Coroner determines that the discovered remains are those of Native American ancestry, then the Native
American Heritage Commission must be notified by telephone within 24 hours. Sections 5097.94 and 5097.98 of the
Public Resources Code describe the procedures to be followed after the notification of the Native American Heritage
Commission.
-iii-
Table of Contents
Title
Summary of Findings
Page
ii
I.
Introduction
1.1
Purpose and scope of the project
1.2
Location and description of the project
1
1
1
II.
Environmental Information
2.1
Geology
2.2
Soils
2.3
Climate
2.4
Flora and Wildlife
4
4
4
5
5
III.
Cultural Overview
3.1
Prehistory/Protohistory
3.2
Ethnographic Information
3.3
History
5
5
5
6
IV.
Background Research Synthesis
7
V.
Field Reconnaissance Program
5.1
Methodology
5.2
Crew
5.3
Results
5.4
Recommendations
References
7
7
7
8
9
9
VI.
List of Figures
No.
1
Title
Vicinity Map
Page
1
2
Location of the Survey
2
3
Location of the Surveyed Area on the Assessors Parcel Map
3
4
Proposed Site Plan
4
List of Plates
No.
1
Title
Selected Views of the Project Area
Page
8
-iv-
I.
1.1
Introduction
Purpose and Scope of the Project
At the request of Rincon Consultants, Inc., a Phase 1 Archaeological Study was prepared for an environmental
document in support of the Proposed Trancas Neighborhood Park Project, a 13.5 Acre development located at 6000
Trancas Canyon Road (APNs #4469-001-903; 4469-001-902; 4469-001-905; 4469-001-904), City of Malibu, County
of Los Angeles, California. This document is intended to assist the client in achieving compliance with the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the California Coastal Act (CCA), the Malibu Local Coastal Program Land Use
Plan (MLCPLUP), and the City of Malibu Planning Guidelines. The scope of work consisted of:
1. Performing a records search at the South Central Coastal Information Center, California State University Fullerton.
2. Contacting the Native American Heritage Commission regarding sacred land issues.
3. Conducting an on-foot surface reconnaissance of the project area.
4. Preparing a report summarizing the results of the records search and field phases.
1.2
Location and Description of the Project
Generally, the undeveloped project area is situated north of the Pacific Ocean, south of Agoura Hills, west of Santa
Monica and east Oxnard, within the City of Malibu, County of Los Angeles, California (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Vicinity Map
-1-
The subject property is depicted on the Point Dume California 7.5-minute USGS map (1967) within Township 1
South, Range 18 West in an unsectioned portion of Rancho Topanga Malibu Sequit (Figure 2).
Figure 2: Location of the Survey
-2-
The proposed study represents a neighborhood park project encompassing four undeveloped, residentially zoned lots
totaling 13 acres, at the west end of the Malibu West residential area (Figure 3).
Figure 3: Location of the Project Area on the Assessors Parcel Map
-3-
The project will include a multi use sports field, a children’s play area, walking trails connecting the various areas of
the park, picnic areas, a viewing area to view surrounding vistas and landmarks, restrooms, a small storage building
and up to 81 parking spaces to serve these facilities (Figure 4).
Figure 4: Proposed Site Plan
II.
2.1
Environmental Information
Geology
The property lies on the southern slope of the Santa Monica Mountains within the Transverse Range geologic
province. It is composed of: Pleistocene Marine Deposits and Marine Terrace Deposits consisting of sand, silt and
marl; Upper Miocene Marine Sedimentary Rocks, consisting of shale, sandstone, siltstone and conglomerate; and,
Miocene Volcanic Rocks, consisting of agglomerate, breccias, tuffs and volcanic sandstone (State of California, 1969).
2.2
Soils
Soils on the property belong to the Diablo Series, which are moderately deep to deep, well drained soils on rolling to
steep uplands, on calcareous shale and sandstone. They contain dark gray, fine textured surface layers and dark grayish
brown, fine textured, blocky, calcareous subsoils resting on calcareous shale, sandstone or mudstone at depths from
20-52 inches (51cm-132cm); and Millsholm Series, which are shallow, well drained soils developed on moderately
steep to very steep upland areas on sandstone and shale. The soils are thin, dark grayish brown medium textured,
surface soils over brown moderately fine textured subsoils resting on shattered shale at 10-20 inches (25-51cm). Up to
15% shale or gravel fragments may be present. Textures are clay loam and may contain up to 25% gravel or shale
fragments. Millsholm rocky loam contains up to 10% rock outcroppings, while Millsholm loam may contain only 5%
or less rock outcrops. Depth to rock averages 10-20 inches (25-51cm) (U.S. Department of Agriculture (1967).
-4-
2.3
Climate
The region is classified as Mediterranean warm, and lies between the dry climate of the Mojave Desert, and the humid
mesothermal climate of the Pacific Coast. It is characterized by warm, dry summers, and mild, moderately wet winters.
Temperatures range from about 100 degrees in summer, to the low 30s in winter.
2.4
Flora and Wildlife
The region supports several major plant communities including: Riparian with species of sycamore, willow, alder and
mulefat; and Sage/Chaparral, with species of white, black, purple and coastal sage, buckwheat, yerba santa, sumac,
lemonadeberry; manzanita, buckthorn, chamise, yucca, scrub oak, and toyon. Regional wildlife consists of seasonally
fluctuating populations of quail, rabbit, rodents, deer, lizards, snakes, and numerous species of birds. Combined with
nearby, abundant marine life, the area provided a extensive resources for the prehistoric inhabitants.
III.
3.1
Cultural Overview
Prehistory/Protohistory
At Spanish Contact, the region was occupied by the Chumash, a diverse population living in settlements along the
California coast from Malibu Creek to the southeast, Estero Bay in the north, including the islands of San Miguel,
Santa Rosa, and Santa Cruz, and as far as Tejon Pass, Lake Casitas and the Cuyama River inland (Kroeber 1925,
Landberg 1965, Grant 1978, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 1986, 1991, Miller 1988 and Gibson 1991).
Chumash society became more complex over the last 9,000 years. Regional chronologies were first developed by
Wallace (1955) and then Warren (1968). Warren revised Wallace's scheme to include regional variants and traditions
enhanced by radiocarbon dates. King (1982) proposed sequences based on changes in ornaments, beads and other
artifacts. After A.D. 1000, changes in bead types suggest the development of a highly developed economic system that
was observed by early Spanish explorers. Following the 1542 Cabrillo voyage, many small Chumash settlements were
abandoned and some of the largest historic towns were founded. This change in population distribution is attributed to
growth in importance of trade centers and the development of more integrated political confederations. The Chumash
economic system enabled them to make efficient use of diverse environments within their territory.
Acorns and seeds were traded between the islands, mainland and interior populations who lacked marine resources
traded with coastal populations for fish and other seafood. Most religious ceremonies had their roots in the Early
Period when objects similar to those used historically were placed in mortuary associations or owned by religious
leaders. Other sources include Leonard (1971), C. King (1994, 2000), Hudson et al. (1977), Hudson & Underhay
(1978), Hudson (1979), Hudson and Blackburn (1979-87); Carrico and Wlodarski (1983); and Dillon & Boxt (1989).
3.2
Ethnographic Information
The Spanish viewed the Chumash as unique among California Indians due to their knowledge of the sea, canoe
building expertise, ceremonial organization, their interest in acquiring and displaying possessions, willingness to work,
and their extensive trade networks. Ethnographic and archaeological data obtained since the late 1800s suggest that the
Chumash were divided into political areas called provinces, and each province contained a capital. One important
Chumash capital was that of Humaliwo (Malibu), located along the coast. These provinces were united under a larger
religious federation whose leader, the Kwaiyin resided at the major village of Simomo, located near Point Mugu
(Muwu). This federation served the ultimate function of unifying the various political provinces for special ceremonies
which were held every five years. Humaliwu was the name of the Chumash political province encompassing numerous
villages in the Santa Monica mountains. This province extended west into the San Fernando Valley and included the
villages of (Huwam) in Canoga Park and (Talepop) at Century Ranch (Edberg (1982: 4-3 - 4-4).
According to C. King (1994), Protohistoric Chumash society represented one of the most complex non-agricultural
societies documented. Therefore, the study of the evolution of Chumash society is relevant to the development of
anthropological theory concerning the evolution of complex societies. The Chumash of the Santa Monica Mountains
occupied about 3% of the area and included around 1,300 people or 6.5% of the Chumash population. The Chumash
did not have standing armies or full time police. However, despite its small size, Chumash society developed many
discriminate subsystems which included institutions that maintained regional, political, and administrative
organizations; a market economic system; and a complex belief system. Chumash society was similar in scale to other
societies which occupied the more densely populated areas of western North America before European colonization.
-5-
Based on Applegate (1974, 1975) and C. King (1975, 1994) the following Chumash placenames exist in region:
Alqilko'wi
"white of the eye" - A village in Little Sycamore Canyon.
Kats'ikinhin
"pine tree" - a village on Las Virgenes Creek, inland from Malibu.
Kay'iwish
"the head" - village on what is now Calleguas Creek, southwest of Simi.
Lalimanuh
A village on Calleguas Creek, northeast of Pt. Mugu.
Lisiqishi
Village at Arroyo Sequit, west or Point Dume.
Lohostohni
Village at Trancas Canyon, west of Point Dume.
Luulapin
The name for Point Mugu.
Muwu
"beach" - A village at the mouth of Mugu Lagoon.
Sa' aqtik'oy
"place sheltered from the wind" - village at Saticoy.
S'ap tuhuy
"house of the rain" - village on Potrero Creek, inland from Malibu.
S'apwi
"house of the deer" - village on Conejo Creek, near Thousand Oaks.
Satwiwa
"bluff"? - village on Rancho Guadalasca, north of Mugu.
Seq'is
"beachworm" - now Arroyo Sequit.
Shalikuwewech
"it is piled up" - a place north of Point Mugu.
Shuwalahsho
"sycamore" - a village in Big Sycamore Canyon.
Simo'mo
"the saltbush patch" - a village inland from Point Mugu.
Ta'lopop
A village on Las Virgenes Creek.
Prehistoric Chumash culture underwent dramatic changes following colonization in the late 1800s. The introduction of
diseases weakened and destroyed many Native American cultures. Many Chumash towns and villages were abandoned
by 1810. However, large segments of the population survived and worked to build the Spanish Missions, and the
Mexican and American ranches that followed. Other Chumash managed to survive by effectively blending into the
cultural landscape. Several thousand Chumash currently live in Los Angeles, Ventura, Santa Barbara and San Luis
Obispo counties. They place a high value on objects and places associated with there past history, namely archaeological sites and artifacts. Present-day Chumash are concerned in the preservation of the prehistoric and ethnographic
records, including sacred lands.
3.3
History
From the voyages of Cabrillo in 1542 and Vizcaino in 1602, to the land expeditions of Portola in 1769 and Anza from
1773-1776, there was little interference from white men in the Chumash region. The Spanish Period was followed by
the Mission Period when 21 missions were established between 1769 and 1823. All of the missions were located a
day's ride from one another along the Camino Real which connected San Diego with Solano. Native Americans were
slowly assimilated into the mission system through recruitment, and moved from their villages and the islands to help
sustain the missions. During this period, many introduced diseases contributed to the decimation of Native Americans.
After the decline of the mission system, large land grants became ranchos including Las Virgenes, El Conejo and
Topanga Malibu-Sequit. During this time, land was primarily used for cattle grazing, agriculture, ranching.
The first European settlers in the Malibu area were Felipe Santiago Tapia and his family. Jose Bartolome, Tapia's
eldest son eventually received a permit to graze cattle on the future rancho lands and in the late 1700s applied for
formal possession of the land. Around 1802-1804, Tapia was granted most of the coastal land extending from the
Ventura County line near Point Mugu, to Las Flores Canyon on the east as grazing area for his livestock. The only
access at the time was by muleback or boat. The land passed from Tapia, to Bartolome, and to his son Tiburcio, and
continued to be used for cattle and agricultural (Greene 1980). Eventually, Leon Victor Prudhomme, a Frenchman
obtained title from Tapia's widow in 1848 by marrying a daughter of Tiburcio Tapia.
Problems during the Land Commission hearings forced Prudhomme to sell to Matthew Keller. The 13,315-acre land
grant was surveyed as Rancho Topanga Malibu Sequit and patented on August 29, 1873 to Keller. Passed down
through family inheritance, the rancho was eventually sold by Henry Keller to Frederick Hastings Rindge in 1891. As
one of the last, intact, Spanish land grants, it served as the ideal country home for the Rindge family, who kept a tight
watch on their private domain. Frederick's widow, Rhoda May Rindge, spent a large sum of money in court costs, to
keep the Southern Pacific Railroad, the state, and homesteaders from encroaching on their land. After 17 years of
litigation, the State of California was victorious and construction of the Roosevelt Highway (now the Pacific Coast
Highway) was completed and opened to the public between Santa Monica and Oxnard in June 1929. The court costs
forced May Rindge to begin leasing and then selling property north of the mouth of Malibu Creek.
-6-
Malibu Colony, a haven for the rich and famous, was subdivided and opened for sale in the 1930's. During this time,
May's daughter, Rhoda Agatha, married Merritt Huntley Adamson and they built a summer home on Vaquero Hill (in
Malibu Lagoon State Park) and another home in Serra Retreat (which opened as a private retreat in 1943). In order to
provide tiles for the two homes, May Rindge brought in the finest craftsmen and established the Malibu Tile Works.
Since the 1900s, Malibu has become one of the most desirable areas to own real estate in California. Land use in the
region has been under the jurisdiction of the California Coastal Commission, which has limited development in the
area since the 1970s. Additionally, large portions of the region have been set aside as part of the Santa Monica
Mountains National Recreation Area for the enjoyment of all
IV.
Background Research Synthesis
A records search performed by archaeologist, Wayne Bonner, at the South Central Coast Information Center on
January 5, 2006 indicated that no previously recorded prehistoric or historic archaeological sites or isolates exist on the
property. In addition, the following results apply within a one-mile radius of the survey area:
x Six prehistoric archaeological sites (19-000197, 19-000499/500, 19-001065, 19-002028 & 19-100403) are noted.
x Thirty-two studies have been conducted: Boxt & Colby 1983; Chartkoff et al. 1996; Clewlow 1979; Dillon 1986;
Farnsworth & Whitley 1985; Frierman 1993; Hector 1978; King 1990, 1992, 1994, 1998, 1999, 2000a,b,c; Maki
1996; Maki & Romani 1997; Raab et al 1984; Rosen 1975; Salls 1989; and Wlodarski 1974, 1985, 1993, 1994,
1999, 2001a,b,c,d,e, 2003, and 2004. None of these projects encompasses the project area.
x No National Register of Historic Places are identified (1979-2005 and supplements to date).
x No California Register of Historic Resources exists (1992, with supplemental information to date).
x No California Historical Landmarks are listed (1995, with supplemental information to date).
x No California Points of Historical Interest are noted (1992, with supplemental information to date).
x No State Historic Resources Commission issues are presented (1980-present. Minutes from quarterly meeting).
Historic maps on file at the Geography Department Map Reference Center, California State University Northridge, and
City of Los Angeles, Bureau of Engineering, were also consulted as follows:
x
Township-Range Plat Survey Maps (1853-1897).
x
Map of Private Grants and Public Lands Adjacent to Los Angeles and San Diego (Clinton Day - 1869).
x
Map of the County of Los Angeles, California (Stevenson - 1881, and Rowan - 1888).
x
Map of the Reservoir Lands in the County of Los Angeles (Seebold - 1891).
x
Inspection of the Camulos (1901) and Triunfo Pass (1921 & 1943) USGS maps indicated that by 1900, the PCH
was an unimproved road with Trancas Canyon, Lechuza Canyon and Nicholas Canyon delineated. Encinal
Canyon is unmarked with a dirt road trending north up the canyon. During 1905, May Knight Rindge, built the
Hueneme, Malibu and Port Los Angeles Railway, which ran south of the property and by 1908, 15 miles of track
had been laid. By 1929 the State Highway 1 (Pacific Coast Highway) opened and the railroad ceased operating.
By 1943, Route 101 and scattered structures existed along the coast. During 1991, Malibu was incorporated.
x
1924 Map showing the Marblehead Land Company Holdings and Malibu Hueneme Railroad Line.
x
1940-1970 Fairchild and Spence aerial photographs of Point Dume.
x
A letter was sent to the Ron Wood, Environmental Specialist, Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC),
815 Capitol Mall, Room 384, Sacramento, California 90095 on December 27, 2005, requesting a check of the
data base and sacred lands files to determine if the project will adversely impact potentially sensitive Native
American resources, or if any current tribal issues exist with respect to this general area. A response was received
on January 5, 2005 indicating that no potential resource issues are noted in the NAHC sacred lands files.
V.
5.1
Field Reconnaissance Program
Methodology
A field reconnaissance entailing the inspection of all topography that can reasonably be expected to contain cultural
resources without major modification of the land surface was performed for the project area on January 4, 2006.
5.2
Crew
The survey crew consisted of Principal Investigator, Robert Wlodarski who has a: B.A. in History and Anthropology;
M.A. in Anthropology from California State University Northridge (CSUN); 34 years of professional experience in
California archaeology; over 1100 projects completed to date; certification in field archaeology, and theoretical/
-7-
archival research by the Register of Professional Archaeologists [RPA], and; is a registered California historian by the
California Committee for the Promotion of History [CCPH]; and Matthew Conrad, B.A in Anthropology from CSUN
who is currently completing requirements for a M.A degree in Anthropology from CSUN, while working for Robert
Lopez; USDA Forest Service, MBA, WH Bonner and HEART as a survey archaeologist and project manager.
5.3
Results
During the field reconnaissance phase, the following field observations were made:
x Access to the property was via a graded road off of Trancas Canyon Road, although alternative access points
existed off of La Gloria Drive and Tapia Drive located along the southern border of the property.
x Roughly 70%-80% of the property has been previously disturbed as part of a 1960s development effort. The
southern and southeastern portion of the project area consists of graded terrain on top of fill soils.
x The western portion of the parcel contains existing water tanks (one abandoned) and sloping terrain that drops east
from Trancas Canyon Road to the flat, disturbed mesa-like area.
x A graded road trends east and north from Trancas Canyon Road, dropping to the graded, disturbed area.
x The eastern portion of the property consists of very steep terrain, dropping sharply from the disturbed mesa-like
area to a drainage channel below, adjacent to a residential development.
x The project site is almost entirely devoid of native vegetation, usually a sign that prior man-made disturbances
have occurred.
All exposed terrain and fortuitous exposures such as trails, roads, rodent burrows, stream cuts and excavated,
landscaped and/or cleared areas were thoroughly inspected for signs of cultural resources within the project area. Plate
1 illustrates selected views of the subject property.
Plate 1: Selected Views of the Property
Upper left: Looking south toward the project area with Trancas Road on the right; Upper middle/Upper right: Looking north from near Tapia Drive
Lower left: Looking south toward residential development; Lower middle: Looking southwest toward Tapia Drive
Lower right: Looking east toward drainage channel
The results of this study indicated that no prehistoric and no historic archaeological resources were encountered within
the project area as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. Proposed modifications within the property boundaries will have no
adverse impacts on known cultural resources.
-8-
5.4
Recommendations
No conditions are placed on the project based on the study results presented herein. The nature of a walkover can only
confidently assess the potential for encountering surface cultural resource remains; therefore, customary caution is
advised in developing within the project area. Should unanticipated cultural resource remains be encountered during
land modification activities, work must cease, and the City of Malibu Planning Director contacted immediately to
determine appropriate measures to mitigate adverse impacts to the discovered resources. Cultural resource remains
may include artifacts, shell, bone, features, foundations, trash pits and privies, etc.
If human remains are discovered during construction related activities to the project property, then the procedures
described in Section 7050.5 of the California Health and Safety Code shall be followed. These procedures require
notification of the County Coroner. If the County Coroner determines that the discovered remains are those of Native
American ancestry, then the Native American Heritage Commission must be notified by telephone within 24 hours.
Sections 5097.94 and 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code describe the procedures to be followed after the
notification of the Native American Heritage Commission.
VII.
References
(SCCIC, CSUF = South Central Coastal Information Center, California State University Fullerton)
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1994
1999
2001a
2001b
2001c
2001d
2001e
2003
2004
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Trancas Canyon Road and north of the Pacific Coast Highway, City of Malibu, County of Los Angeles,
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Angeles, California. Report on file at the SCCIC, CSUF..
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located west of Trancas Canyon Road and north of the Pacific Coast Highway, City of Malibu, County of Los
Angeles, California. Report on file at the SCCIC, CSUF.
Extended Phase 1 Testing for Soil Borings for the proposed Trancas Residential Site (a 15 acre parcel) located
west of Trancas Canyon Road and north of the Pacific Coast Highway, City of Malibu, County of Los
Angeles, California. Report on file at the SCCIC, CSUF.
Extended Phase 1 Testing for the proposed Trancas Residential Site (a 15 acre parcel) located west of Trancas
Canyon Road and north of the Pacific Coast Highway, City of Malibu, County of Los Angeles, California.
Report on file at the SCCIC, CSUF.
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California. Report (LA6565) on file at the at the SCCIC, CSUF.
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Malibu, County of Los Angeles, California. Report on file at the SCCIC, CSUF.
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