Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh - Shabti Collections

Transcription

The ushabtis of
Prince Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh (A)
By Niek de Haan
© Niek de Haan –www.shabticollections.com
1
Table of content
1.
Introduction
1.1
Introduction to this study
1.2
Who was Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh?
1.3
Description of the shabtis
2.
Museum pieces
3.
Private collections pieces and unknown current location
Index
2
1. Introduction
1.1
Introduction to this study
This study provides an overview of all published shabtis for the Prince Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh.
In addition to the published examples I added the shabtis I have come across in the world. I
will start of with a short introduction of the ancient owner Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh and describe
his shabtis in general. In the following chapters you will find the museum parallels (chapter 2)
and the privately owned parallels (chapter 3).
1.2
Who was Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh?
Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh lived at the end of the period referred to as the reign of High-Priests and
Priest-Kings of Thebes, which is the start of the 22nd Dynasty. He died in 932 BC as his
mummy bandages are inscribed with the years 5, 10 and 11, which must relate to Shesonq I as
the braces mention the High Priest of Amun Iuput (A) son of Shesonq I. There is some debate
whether Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh was the last person to buried in the Tomb TT320 at Deir el
Bahri1. It is often assumed that Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh was married to Nesitanebisheru, the
daughter of the High Priest of Amun Pinedjem II, both also buried in TT320 together with the
other family members of Pinedjem II. Being his son in law was probably the most likely
reason for his burial amongst the Pinedjem II family.
1
Allthough Kitchen states this in his TIP par. 244, Reeves, pages 183-192 think differently.
3
Overview of some shabtis of his wife Nesitanebisheru on display in Cairo museum.
Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh was provided with a list of titles that included: Second Prophet of Amun,
Third Prophet of Amun, King’
s Son of Ramses and King’
s Son of the Lord of the two Lands.
As he lived over 150 years later than the last Ramses King, Ramses XI, this must be an
honorary title instead of a true attribution as being a (direct) son of this King. It is assumed
that direct decendents of this King, like Queen Henuttawy A, were given this title to provide
them with the royal honour which was still important even though the Priest ruled in the
South.
His burial gifts were also placed in tomb TT320 and consisted a.o. of his coffin that was
usurped from a Nesu-en-Opet (inner and outer coffin are now in Cairo2), gold and carnelian
amulets, stone eyes, a heart scarab, a silver winged hawk pectoral on his chest, Book of the
dead and Book of Amduat, an Osiris figure and at least one shabti box. The total amount of
his shabtis is unknown.
1.3
Description of the shabtis
The workmanship and style of the shabtis for Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh are typical for the 22nd
Dynasty. A distinction can be made between worker types, carrying two hoes, and overseer
types carrying a whip in the left hand with the right arm stretched next to the body flinching
2
Cairo CG 61034
4
another whip. The worker types all feature a tripartite striated painted wig, including seshed
headband. On the other hand, the overseer types have a tripartite wig painted entirely black.
The worker types vary in size between 10 cm and 11 cm. The overseer types vary in seize
between 11 and 12 cm.
The worker types of Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh are inscribed with various titles and the name of the
deceased. The titles on his shabtis include: Second Prophet of Amun, Third Prophet of Amun,
King’
s Son (sa nsw), Godsfather and of course: The Osiris. Some of the worker types start
with Ek-Ra. The overseer types mostly only inscribed with The Osiris, Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh,
but some do feature the same titles as the workers and the text is then place also under the
skirt and on the legs, see the below picture of two examples at the Cairo museum.
Especially the overseer types are very rare in private collections as a majority is held in the
Cairo museum.
5
2. Museum pieces
On the following pages an overview is provided of the museum pieces which are currently
part of their respective collections. Only collections of which a photo is available are
included. The remaining museum pieces are mentioned in the appendix.
The following information is provided for each piece:
Location:
Published:
Provenance:
Height:
Comments:
The city in which the museum is located is mentioned as well as the
name of the museum.
If the museum piece is published in a book or on the internet
the name of the publication, author and the relevant page number is
mentioned.
For as far as available the provenance of the piece is described,
detailing the previous owners prior to the entering into the
collection of the museum. Also the inventory number is mentioned here.
The specific height of the shabti is described in centimetres.
Provides the comments of the author to the specific pieces, for
example relating to the condition or quality of the object compared
to the other parallels.
6
Amsterdam, Allard Pierson
Published: CAA Allard Pierson, page 126-127, inventory number 9469.
Provenance: Acquired by collector Dobber on 4th of July 1960, donated to the museum later.
Height: 10,5 cm
Comments: This object is broken at three places. Further damage to the top of the head.
7
Cairo Museum
The 79 shabtis of the Cairo Museum are displayed in one large cabinet, pictured here below. I
have added furthermore close ups of the various rows. Note the enormous difference in
colour, quality of the faience and the variations on the inscriptions.
Overview picture of the cabinet on display at the Cairo museum
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Cortona, The Etruscan Academy Museum of the City of Cortona
Published: No.
Provenance: Unknown
Height: Unknown
Comments: The museum of Cortona has two examples. Both examples are on display. No
further information is known to the author. This example is broken at the upper part.
18
Cortona, The Etruscan Academy Museum of the City of Cortona
Published: No.
Provenance: Unknown
Height: Unknown
Comments: This object on display has clearly been broken in two parts in the display cabinet.
The current display provides, unintended, a clear view on the white faience shabti core.
19
Leiden, RijksMuseum voor Oudheden
© Schneider
Published: Schneider, Shabtis II and III, 4.3.1.84.
Provenance: Acquired in 1962.
Height: 10.7 cm
Comments: This example, inventory number F. 1962/1263 has several chips, especially on the
left side.
20
London, British Museum
Published:
No
Provenance: 1885, Donated by Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie
Height:
10.3 centimetres, width: 3.93 centimetres, Depth: 3.41 centimetres
Comments: There are two shabtis bearing the number EA 16054 - the first one without a
title and the second one inscribed with the title Third Prophet of Amun. They were donated
together with some others from the royal cache (EA 16052-3, 16055-6).
21
London, University College (Petrie Museum)
Published:
Online at http://www.petrie.ucl.ac.uk/index2.html
Provenance: Unknown, most likely donated by Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie
Height:
10.3 centimetres, width: 3.9 centimetres
Comments: The inventory number is UC39884. It is not clear what is written on this
particular example following Sa Nsw. On some shabtis it is Nb Tawy and on other it is RaM(s)es.
22
New York, Peabody Museum (Yale University)
Published: No.
Provenance: Unknown
Height: Unknown
Comments: The Peabody shabtis with the inventory numbers YPM 6094001-2 are not on
display, so limited information is available to the author. Both shabtis are chipped, one at the
feet section and one on the right hand.
23
Oxford, Asmoleum
Published: No.
Provenance: Unknown.
Height: Unknown
Comments: This excellent example is on display in the Ashmoleum and carries the inventory
number 1884.44
24
Paris, Louvre
Published: Tanis, l’
or des Pharaons, page 144-145
Provenance: Unknown
Height: 10 cm
Comments: The Louvre example has the inventory number: Louvre E 22085. There appears
to be some damage to the top of the head.
25
3. Private collections and unknown current location
On the following pages an overview is provided of the pieces which are currently part of
various private collections. Only pieces of which a photograph is available have been
included in the summary, to avoid double counting.
The following information is provided for each piece:
Location:
Published:
Provenance:
Height:
Comments:
The name of the current private collection. Examples of which the name of the
collection is not known are mentioned as “Unknown collection A, B and so
on”
. For privacy reasons not the entire name of the owner is mentioned. The
author is aware of the full names of the collectors.
If the private collection piece is published in a book or on the internet
the name of the publication, author and the relevant page number is
mentioned.
For as far as available the provenance of the piece is described,
detailing the previous owners prior to the entering into the current private
collection.
The specific height of the shabti is described in centimetres.
Provides the comments of the author to the specific pieces, for
example relating to the condition or quality of the object compared
to the other parallels.
Coll. PS
26
Coll. A
Location:
Unknown, Coll. B
Published:
Auction catalogue, Tallandier, 1992
Provenance: Unknown
Height:
10 centimeter
Comments: The piece is badly broken.
27
Coll B
© Schlogl/Brodbeck
Location:
Unknown, Coll. B
Published:
Published: Schlogl/Brodbeck, 1990, nr. 153, page 229.
Provenance: Unknown, Swiss private collection in Zurich (in 1990)
Height:
10.2 centimeter
Comments: This example has a few small chips, most noticeably on the back (not pictured
here).
28
Coll C
Location:
Unknown, Coll. C
Published:
Libert, auction house, 2 July 2009.
Provenance: Unknown
Height:
Unknown
Comments: Broken in the upper part.
29
Coll. DB
Location:
Published:
Provenance:
Height:
Comments:
Coll. DB
Auction catalogue, Bonhams, 2010, lot 32
Acquired by the previous owner in 2002 at Clarke and Gammon auction
rooms, Guildford. Part of the remaining contents of Furzehill Place, Pirbright,
Surrey formerly the home of the Victorian explorer Henry Morton Stanley.
Notably Stanley passed through Cairo both in 1887 and 1890 during the Emin
Pasha relief expedition
11.2 centimeter
The piece has a few chips and encrustations on the front.
30
Coll MA
Location:
Coll. MA
Published:
No
Provenance: Acquired by the current owner from Artempus Gallery, Sydney (2008); ex
Peter Lane Gallery, Sydney (2005); ex-Phillip Adams coll., Sydney.
Height:
10.2 centimeter
Comments: The piece is covered like some of the others with a black stain, which seems to
be put deliberately on the pieces of this period (compare the shabtis of User-hat
found in the Ramesseum, dating to the 22nd Dynasty)
31
Coll. GJ
Location:
Coll. GJ
Published:
No
Provenance: Collection of George Saint-Rene Taillandier, Paris, auctioned Drouot, Paris,
Drouot 11.11.2001 lot 225, previously auctioned in 1992
Height:
10 cm
Comments: The faience coat is well preserved.
32
Coll Amasis
Location:
Coll. Amasis
Published:
No
Provenance: Unknown
Height:
Unknown
Comments: The glyphs appear to have been retouched partially.
33
Coll. PS
Location:
Coll. PS
Published:
No
Provenance: Unknown
Height:
Unknown
Comments: This example is broken at the midsection, but neatly restored.
34
Appendix: Table of shabtis listed alphabetically per museum and private collection)
W = worker type, O = overseer type, T = total
Museum collection (inventory number)
W 0 T
Amsterdam (9469)
Berlin (8557-8560)
Boston (MoFA: 64.2244)
Cairo (JE 26241)
Cortona (105)
Florence (6144, 6145, 6149, 24617)
Hildesheim (316)
Leiden (F 1962/12.3, Schneider II 4.3.1.85)
London (British Museum, 16054)
London (University College: UC39884)
Madrid
Neuchatel (Gymnase Cantonal (?))
New York (Peabody Museum, YPM 6094001-2)
Oxford (Ashmoleum, 1884.44)
Paris (Louvre E 22085)
1 0 1
4
1
3
67 12 79
2
4
1
1 0 1
2 0 2
1 0 1
1 0 1
1
2 0 2
1 0 1
1 0 1
_____
102
=====
Museum totals
Private collection
Coll A
Coll B
Coll C
Coll DB
Coll GJ
Coll MA
Coll PS
Coll Amasis
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
Private collection totals
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7 1 8
======
The total number is 79. From the pictures I have counted 12 overseers.
35
Bibliography
Araújo, Luís Manuel de; Estatuetas Funerárias Egípcias da XXI Dinastia. Lisboa, 2003.
Aubert, Jacques F. & Aubert, Liliane; Statuettes égyptiennes: Chaouabtis, Ouchebtis. Paris,
1974.
Aubert, Jacques F. & Aubert, Liliane; Statuettes funéraires égyptiennes, du département des
Monnaies, Médailles et Antiquites. Paris, 2005.
Aubert, Lilianne; Les statuettes funéraires de la Deuxième Cachette à Deir el-Bahari. Paris,
1998.
Bovot, Jean-Luc; Les serviteurs funéraires royaux et princiers de l'Ancienne Egypte. Paris,
2003.
Bovot, Jean-Luc; Chaouabtis. Des travailleurs pharaoniques pour l'éternité. Paris, 2003.
Decker, Stefan; Uschebti - ägyptische Dienerfiguren einer deutschen Privatsammlung.
Kempen, 2005.
Heidelberger, Harry; Uschebtis, Ägyptische Totenfiguren in der Antikensammlung des
Münzkabinetts Winterthur. Zürich 1985.
Haarlem, Willem van; Corpus Antiquitatum Aegyptiacarum, Allard Pierson Museum
Amsterdam, fascicle II vol. I. Amsterdam, 1990.
Haynes, Joyce L.; Privately owned egyptian antiquities in Ontario, fascicle 1, shabtis.
Toronto, 1990.
Janes, Glenn; Shabtis, a private view. Paris 2002.
Naguib, Saphinaz-Amal; Corpus Antiquitatum Aegyptiacarum, band 1. Funerary Statuettes.
Etnografisk Museum Oslo. Mainz/Rhein, 1985.
Newberry, Percy E.; Catalogue général des antiquitiés égyptiennes du Museé du Caire. Nos.
46530-48575: Funerary Statuettes and Model Sarcophagi. 3 fasc. Cairo, 1930-1957.
Petrie, W.M. Flinders; Shabtis. London, 1935.
Reiser-Haslauer, Elfriede; Corpus Antiquitatum Aegyptiacarum Kunsthistorisches Museum
Wien. Mainz, 1990.
Schlögl, Hermann A & Brodbeck, Andreas; Ägyptische Totenfiguren aus öffentlichen und
privaten Sammlungen der Schweiz, Freiburg, 1990.
Schlögl, Hermann A.; Corpus der Ägyptischen Totenfiguren der Öffentlichen Sammlungen
Krakaus. Kraków, 2000.
Schlögl, Hermann A. & Meves-Schlögl, Christa; Uschebti: Arbeiter im ägyptischen
Totenreich. Wiesbaden, 1993.
Schlögl, Hermann A.; Die agyptischen Totenfiguren, Katalog aus den sammlungen des
national Museums in Poznan. Poznan, 2006.
Schneider, Hans D.; An Introduction to the History of Ancient Egyptian Funerary Statuettes
with a Catalogue of the Collection of Shabtis in the National Museum of Antiquities at Leiden,
I-III. Leiden, 1977.
Stewart, Harry M.; Egyptian Shabtis. Buckinghamshire, 1995.
Valbelle, Dominique; Ouchebtis de Deir el-Medineh. Le Caire, 1972.
Whelan, Paul; Mere Scraps of Rough Wood? 17th-18th Dynasty Stick Shabtis in the Petrie
Museum and other collections. London, 2007.
36
About the author
Niek de Haan (1975, Rotterdam) has a special interest in the ancient Egyptian funerary item
called shabti/ushabti. After a secondment for his work to London in 2003 and subsequent
visits to the British Museum his interest in these small objects grew. With the help of
Egyptologist Huub Pragt he learned to read the hieroglyphs on the objects and to identify the
ancient owner. Nieks’website shabticollections.com now intends to research and publish
shabtis held in private collections in the world.
About this booklet
This booklet is part of a serie that deals with the ancient Egyptian tomb gift called (u)shabti
for specific persons. This particular booklet is for the Prince and Priest of Amun called DjedPtah-iuf-Ankh, who lived around 950 BC.
To complete the story for this individual some additional background information is provided
that answers questions as:
- When did he live?
- What did he do for a living?
- Who were his parents?
- And so on
Furthermore, many pieces are described in detail mentioning the current location of the
object, its previous publication, its height and the provenance (all for as far as known to the
author). Furthermore for each specimen a specific comment is given.
37

Djed-Ptah-iuf-Ankh - Shabti Collections

Transcription

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