st. albert heritage inventory

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St. Albert Heritage Inventory
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. THE TEAM 2. SCOPE OF WORK AND METHODOLGY 3. THE EVALUATION PROCESS 4. THE NEIGHBOURHOODS 5. BRAESIDE 25 Belmont Drive – single-‐family residence 26 Balmoral Drive – single-‐family residence 35a Balmoral Drive – single-‐family residence 41 Balmoral – single-‐family residence 6 Bernard Drive – Braeside Presbyterian Church 6. STURGEON 16 Savoy Place – single-‐family residence 21 Sable Crescent – single-‐family residence 23 Sable Crescent – single-‐family residence 74 Sunset Boulevard– single-‐family residence 55 Stanley Drive – St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church 7. GRANDIN 45 Grosvenor Boulevard – single-‐family residence 47 Grosvenor Boulevard – single-‐family residence 8. DOWNTOWN Lion’s Park – CNoR Trestle Bridge 25 Sir Winston Churchill Drive -‐ RCMP Building 9. MISSION 11 Mill Drive – Single-‐Family Residence 15 Madonna Drive – Single-‐Family Residence 41 MIssion Avenue – Single-‐Family Residence 13 MIssion Avenue – Mission Park School 10. RURAL Single Barn on RR260 south of Villeneuve (Highway 633) McDonald Residence west of RR260, n of Meadowview Dr 1. THE TEAM March 2010 8 13 19 25 30 38 43 49 55 61 69 74 81 87 96 102 107 112 119 124 2 3 5 6 7 37 68 80 95 118 COMPOSITION OF THE CONSULTING TEAM Lead Architect David Murray Architect David Murray AAA, FRAIC Associated Architect HIP Architects Allan Partridge AAA, MRAIC Ian Morgan AAA, MRAIC Historian Jane Ross B.A., M.A. Advisor for St. Albert Gail Barrington Moss, Director, Cultural Services Advisor for St. Albert Arts and Heritage Foundation Ann Ramsden, Director, Heritage David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 2
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March 2010 The 1980s Inventory did not include post-‐WW2 buildings. For this project there was be a street-‐by-‐
street windshield survey of the 1940s and 1950s neighbourhoods to identify additional Places of Interest based on their associations and/or architecture, as well as their condition. There was no intention of creating a Heritage Survey that includes every building constructed before 1960, which would be unwieldy. In addition, other buildings of some significance dating from the 1960s and 1970s that have been designed by significant architects such as Peter Hemingway were identified and examined. There was only a general windshield survey of some post 1960’s neighbourhoods to be sure that nothing earlier was missed. An historical narrative or context paper was prepared by historian Jane Ross to examine the cultural history of St. Albert. It is available as a separately published document. A list of Places of interest has been prepared in the form of a detailed spreadsheet. It includes buildings of sufficient significance that merit consideration for designation. Provincial Site Forms have been prepared for each of these buildings, including the required black and white photography. A public meeting was held at St. Albert Place on the evening of Tuesday February 9, 2010 to present the project to the public, and especially those whose residences and other buildings have been selected for the Places of Interest. From this list, a priority list was compiled with the input of the city, and the 20 most significant historical resources were chosen to comprise the St. Albert Heritage Inventory. Historical evaluations and Statements of Significance were prepared for these resources. The buildings that are eventually designated as municipal historic resources comprise the St. Albert Register of Historic Resources. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 4
March 2010 3. THE EVALUATION PROCESS 1. DETERMINE WHETHER THE RESOURCE IS ELIGIBLE. Some resources are ineligible under any circumstances. Others that are not ordinarily eligible may qualify for an exception under special circumstances. 2. EVALUATE WHETHER THE RESOURCE IS SIGNIFICANT. Although a resource may be significant under more than one Significance Criteria, a jurisdiction only needs to demonstrate significance under one criterion for a resource to be eligible for designation. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event A resource must be directly associated with a theme, activity, cultural practice or event that has made a significant contribution to the broad pattern of municipal history. or B. Institution / Person A resource must be directly associated with a significant institution or with the life of a significant person in the municipality’s past. or C. Design / Style / Construction A resource must embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, style, period or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or express high artistic values. or D. Information Potential A resource must have yielded, or be likely to yield, information important to the municipality’s history, prehistory or natural history. This mostly applies to archaeological resources. or E. Landmark / Symbolic Value A resource must be particularly prominent or conspicuous, and must have acquired special visual, sentimental or symbolic value that transcends its function. A landmark contributes to the distinctive character of the municipality. 3. ASSESS THE INTEGRITY OF THE RESOURCE. A resource must maintain those historic or authentic features and materials necessary to communicate its significance. The Evaluation process is completed with the preparation of a Statement of Significance (SOS), which is a summary of the significance evaluation. The SOS accompanies historic resources when they are placed on the Municipal Register, the Alberta Register or the National Register. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 5
March 2010 THE NEIGHBOURHOODS The neighbourhoods (coloured grey) surveyed for Heritage Inventory were: • Braeside • Sturgeon • Grandin • Downtown • Mission • Rural David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 6
March 2010 BRAESIDE NEIGHBOURHOOD 25 Belmont Drive – single-‐family residence 26 Balmoral Drive – single-‐family residence 35a Balmoral Drive – single-‐family residence 41 Balmoral – single-‐family residence 6 Bernard Drive – Braeside Presbyterian Church David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 7
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –HARMETZ RESIDENCE aka 25 BELMONT DRIVE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Harmetz Residence is a one-‐storey north-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1958 in the Breaside neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique modern bungalow located on a sloping lot, front to rear, in a mid-‐block location. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Harmetz Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 8
March 2010 Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Harmetz Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of development in the Braeside neighbourhood. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming was system adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners of the house were George Heinrich Harmetz and his wife Florentine Hartmetz. They emigrated to Canada from Germany in 1956 and purchased this property from the Town of St. Albert on January 16, 1958. Florentine Hartmetz, who currently lives in the house, reports that she and her husband were encouraged to buy this lot, considered undesirable due to previous dumping, for the cost of surveying, by Gordon Parkes who worked for the Town as Secretary/Manager. Gordon Parkes engaged architect Peter Hemingway to design his house at 28 Balmoral at the same time. The Harmetz built up the lot with local landfill to create a very pleasant and desirable setting for their new house. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Harmetz Residence is an example of a unique modern house influenced by the International Style, typified by a flat roof, wide overhangs, recessed entry flanked by a dominant fieldstone-‐clad chimney and a combination of walls materials that include smooth stucco, stained vertical cedar siding and fieldstone accents. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The designer and builder of the Harmetz Residence is reputed to be the owner himself with the assistance of his wife. They are not known to have designed and built any other buildings. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Harmetz Residence is a fine example of an International Style bungalow. Although designed by a non-‐
professional, the residence reveals a sophisticated understanding of modern domestic architectural design. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 9
March 2010 Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Harmetz Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Harmetz Residence is associated with the development of the Braeside neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. George and Florentine Harmetz immigrated to Canada from Germany in 1956. Their life accomplishments are unknown. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Harmetz Residence is a fine example of an International Style bungalow. Although designed by a non-‐
professional, the residence reveals a sophisticated understanding of modern domestic architectural design. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 10
March 2010 Key elements that define the heritage character of the Hartmetz Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a sloping site, from front to rear; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one storey plus partially exposed basement at the rear; -‐ flat roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ recessed entry flanked by a fieldstone-‐clad chimney; -‐ lightly textured stucco; -‐ stained vertical cedar siding; -‐ fieldstone decorative trims; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ typical pattern of fixed and opening windows in the facades, and wood frame casement sashes; -‐ natural finish entrance slab door and side glazing. PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Hartmetz Residence attained its significance when it was constructed in or about 1958. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Hartmetz Residence is in its original location dating from 1958. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Hartmetz Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. There have been no significant changes to the original design. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Hartmetz Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this residence support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the Hartmetz Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Hartmetz Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of Braeside neighbourhood, remains intact. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 11
March 2010 INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1958 The Hartmetz Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1958 The Hartmetz Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1958 The Hartmetz Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Harmetz Residence is a one-‐storey north-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1958 in the Breaside neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique modern bungalow located on a sloping lot, front to rear, in a mid-‐block location. Heritage Value The Hartmetz Residence is associated with the development of Braeside neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s first neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. The Harmetz Residence was designed and built by owners George and Florentine Hartmetz. The Harmetz Residence is a fine example of an International Style bungalow. Although designed by a non-‐
professional, the residence reveals a sophisticated understanding of modern domestic architectural design. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Hartmetz Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a sloping site, from front to rear; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one storey plus partially exposed basement at the rear; -‐ flat roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ recessed entry flanked by a fieldstone-‐clad chimney; -‐ lightly textured stucco; -‐ stained vertical cedar siding; -‐ fieldstone decorative trims; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ typical pattern of fixed and opening windows in the facades, and wood frame casement sashes; -‐ natural finish entrance slab door and side glazing. Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010 by Jane Ross; historical land titles; owner interview; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 12
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –WALKER RESIDENCE aka 26 BALMORAL DRIVE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Walker Residence is a one-‐storey, north-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in 1959 in the Breaside neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a modern design with International and West Coast Post and Beam Style influences, designed by Peter Hemingway Architect who resided in St. Albert at the time. The styistic components of the house included a flat roof with overhanging soffits, large expanses of glass in wood frames with some awning openers, exposed post and beam construction, and vertical cedar siding on the exterior. The site is mid-‐block and slopes down from east to west as well as from south to north. Part of the basement level is above ground. The original house had a carport on the west side, where there is now a double and a single car garage. There have been some additions to the rear. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Walker House is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 13
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site:
Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods Theme 17. Intellectual Life 17.B The Disciplines; 17.B.1 The Arts; 17.B.1.m Professional 17.B.3 The Humanities &Social Sciences; 17.B.3.n Significant Works (for excellent design by a known architect) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Walker Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of development in the Braeside neighbourhood. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming system was adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. It is reputed that guidelines were established for the Braeside neighbourhood that set aside lots of different sizes and amenities for varying levels of investment. Balmoral Drive would have been set aside for the largest, most prestigious houses. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The Walker Residence is associated with engineer George Charles Walker who with business partner L.R. Newby founded the engineering and land surveying firm Walker Newby in 1955. George Walker was awarded in 1982, by his professional association, for his outstanding contribution to society in housing, urban development and municipal affairs. Walker served his professional associations as a committee member, Council member and eventually as President of the Alberta Land Surveyors’ Association in 1962. He was a member of HUDAC Edmonton (Housing and Urban Development Association of Canada) for 20 years and was elected as president in 1978. While living in St. Albert Walker served as president of the St. Albert Community League and as trustee, and eventually president of the St. Albert Protestant Separate School District. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Walker Residence is an early Alberta example of a modern design influenced by the International Style and the West Coast Post and Beam Style. There are numerous examples of this type and style of residence in St. Albert, in each of the early neighbourhoods. Some were designed by architects and others were designed by the owners or unknown designers. Typically they are unique in design and sand out from the standard designs that were available through pattern books and lumberyards. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 14
March 2010 Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The Walker Residence embodies characteristics of a combination of the International Style with its flat roof, large expanses of windows, orthogonal composition and simple unadorned exterior cladding, as well as the West Coast Post and Beam style with its exposed glu-‐laminated beams that extend to the exterior, and its exposed interior roof deck. The Walker Residence is associated with master architect Peter Hemingway who designed three houses in a row, 24, 26 and 28 Balmoral, including the architect’s own house at 24 Balmoral. Hemingway, has been recognized as one of Alberta’s leading architects in the post-‐war period. Hemingway was an architectural graduate from England who formed a partnership in the 1950s with architect Charles Laubenthal. Hemingway was registered as an architect on 15 February 1956 and Laubenthal on 18 August 1954. They practiced together until the late 1960s. Hemingway continued to practice until the early 1990s. His acclaimed body of work includes the 1959 St. Albert Curling Rink, the 1961 St. Albert Town Hall and Library, the 1961 Grandin Shopping Mall, the 1970 St. Peter’s Evangelical Lutheran Church, an iconic pyramidal building, and the 1974 St. Albert RCMP Building. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Walker Residence is a fine example of a modern design with its rectilinear massing, flat roof and plain unadorned walls. In addition it shows the influence of the West Coast Post and Beam Style with exposed structural beams and roof deck, overhanging perimeter eaves, and large windows that include transom windows between the beams. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Walker Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Walker Residence is associated with the development of the Braeside neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 15
March 2010 B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The first owner and builder of the house was George Charles Walker and his wife Marie Aimee Walker. They owned the house until 1970. George Walker was an Professional Engineer and Land Surveyor and is associated with the establishment of the engineering firm Walker Newby in 1955. The firm expanded considerably in the following years. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Walker Residence is associated with the professional reputation of architect Peter Hemingway, who is considered a master architect in Alberta during the post-‐war period – 1958 to 1990. The Walker Residence is a fine example of a modern design that displays the influence of the International and West Coast Post and Beam Styles. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Walker Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a sloping site lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one storey plus partially exposed basement; -‐ front drive garage; -‐ partially recessed front façade; -‐ perimeter overhanging soffit; -‐ wood frame wall construction with exposed post and beam roof construction; -‐ exterior, painted vertical cedar siding; -‐ expansive wood-‐framed fenestration in the living room with awning ventilation sashes; -‐ transom glazing between the exposed beams and; -‐ entrance feature with single door in tall expanse of glazing; -‐ exterior metal handrail at front steps; -‐ interior features such as exposed beams and roof deck and open plan living, dining and kitchen areas; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 16
March 2010 PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Walker Residence attained its significance upon its first occupancy by the Walker family from 1958 to 1970 . ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Walker Residence is in its original location dating from 1959. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. There have been changes to the original design, including some window replacements, garage construction and a rear addition. The design retains the majority of its original character. The interior main floor retains much of its character despite an addition to the rear of the living area. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Materials are the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period or time frame and in a particular pattern or configuration to form an historic resource. The historic materials and significant features from the Period of Significance should be present and their original inter-‐relationships retained. Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials from the 1950s. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this residence support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Walker Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of Braeside neighbourhood, remains intact. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1959-‐1970 The Walker Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1959-‐ 1970 The Walker Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 17
March 2010 C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1959-‐1970 The Walker Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Walker Residence is a one-‐storey, north-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in 1959 in the Breaside neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a modern design by Peter Hemingway Architect in a mid-‐block location on a sloping site. Heritage Value The Walker Residence is associated with the development of Braeside neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s first neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. The Walker Residence is associated with engineer George Charles Walker who with business partner L.R. Newby founded the engineering and land surveying firm Walker Newby in 1955. George Walker was awarded in 1982 by his professional association for his outstanding contribution to society in housing, urban development and municipal affairs. Walker served his professional associations as a committee member, Council member and President of the Alberta Land Surveyors’ Association in 1962. He was a member of HUDAC Edmonton (Housing and Urban Development Association of Canada) for 20 years and was elected as president in 1978. While living in St. Albert Walker served as president of the St. Albert Community League and as trustee, and eventually president, of the St. Albert Protestant Separate School District. The Walker Residence embodies characteristics of a modern design influenced by the International Style and the West Coast Post and Beam style. The Walker Residence is associated with master architect Peter Hemingway who designed three houses in a row, 24, 26 and 28 Balmoral Drive, including the architect’s own house at 24 Balmoral. Hemingway, has been recognized as one of Alberta’s leading architects in the post-‐war period. He received two Massey Medals, Canada’s highest award for architecture at the time, in the 1960s for design excellence. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Walker Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a sloping site lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one storey plus partially exposed basement; -‐ front drive garage; -‐ partially recessed front façade; -‐ perimeter overhanging soffit; -‐ wood frame wall construction with exposed post and beam roof construction; -‐ exterior, painted vertical cedar siding; -‐ expansive wood-‐framed fenestration in the living room with awning ventilation sashes; -‐ transom glazing between the exposed beams and; -‐ entrance feature with single door in tall expanse of glazing; -‐ exterior metal handrail at front steps; -‐ interior features such as exposed beams and roof deck and open plan living, dining and kitchen areas; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010 by Jane Ross; historical land titles; owner interview; original house drawings. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 18
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –PRATT RESIDENCE aka 35A BALMORAL DRIVE Resource Description The Pratt Residence is a one-‐storey southeast-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1962 in the Breaside neighbourhood of St. Albert. The site slopes down away from the street. It is a custom designed modern bungalow designed by architect Blake Pratt. The styistic components of the house include a low-‐
slope gable roof with overhanging eaves, expressed beams and columns, front drive carport, large south facing livingroom windows. The basement is fully exposed at the rear of the house. The house is paritlally clad in variegated tan coloured, running bond, ‘Roman size’ (elongated) brick. Exclusions and Exceptions The Pratt Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 19
March 2010 Context From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Pratt Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of development in the Braeside neighbourhood. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming was system adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners of this house appear to be Frederick Ernest Pratt and his wife Evaline Pratt who purchased the property on October 26, 1961. Blake Frederick Pratt, possibly their son and an architect, became the owner of the property on October 23, 1964. He designed the house. An aerial photo confirms that the house was constructed by 1962. The property was purchased by Henry Bourgeois on October 19, 1966. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Pratt Residence is an early example of a custom modern residence, influenced by the West Coast Post and Beam Style. This design was published by Central Mortgage and Housing at the time and became a standard design, Model 770, available for purchase. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. Blake Frederick Pratt became registered architect #328 on 11 January 1961 while in the employ of architects Aberdeen & Groves in Edmonton. He is not known to be a master architect. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Pratt Residence is a unique example of a custom-‐designed modern residence that was promoted across Canada by Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation at the time. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 20
March 2010 Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Pratt Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Pratt Residence is associated with the development of the Braeside neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The Pratt Residence is not associated with a significant person. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Pratt Residence was designed by architect Blake Frederick Pratt in or about 1961 and constructed by 1962. This house embodies characteristics of a custom modern residence influenced by the West Coast Post and Beam Style, typified by its low-‐slope roof, exposed structural beams and columns and very large windows in the front elevation. It became Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation’s Design 770 and was promoted across the country. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 21
March 2010 CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Pratt Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a sloping lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one storey plus fully exposed basement; -‐ front drive with incorporated carport; -‐ exposed structural beams and columns support the carport roof; -‐ perimeter overhanging eaves; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ tan-‐coloured brick cladding; -‐ large living room windows in front elevation; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Pratt Residence attained its significance when occupied by the Pratt family in 1962. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Pratt Residence is in its original location. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Pratt Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Pratt Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been some alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. The original wood siding has been covered with aluminum. The brick wall at the end of the carport has been covered with another layer of tan brick, not an exact match to the original brick. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of the Pratt Residence support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the Pratt Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Pratt Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of Braeside neighbourhood, remain intact. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 22
March 2010 INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1962 The Pratt Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1962 The Pratt Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1962 The Pratt Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 23
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Pratt Residence is a one-‐storey southeast-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1962 in the Breaside neighbourhood of St. Albert. The site slopes down away from the street. It is a custom designed modern bungalow designed by architect Blake Pratt. The styistic components of the house include a low-‐
slope gable roof with overhanging eaves, expressed beams and columns, front drive carport, large south facing livingroom windows. The basement is fully exposed at the rear of the house. The house is paritlally clad in variegated tan coloured, running bond, ‘Roman size’ (elongated) brick. Heritage value The Pratt Residence is associated with the development of the Braeside neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. The Pratt Residence was designed by architect Blake Frederick Pratt in or about 1961 and constructed by 1962. This house embodies characteristics of a custom modern residence influenced by the West Coast Post and Beam Style, typified by its low-‐slope roof, exposed structural beams and columns and very large windows in the front elevation. It became Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation’s Design 770 and was promoted across the country. Character-‐defining elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Pratt Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a sloping lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one storey plus fully exposed basement; -‐ front drive with incorporated carport; -‐ exposed structural beams and columns support the carport roof; -‐ perimeter overhanging eaves; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ tan-‐coloured brick cladding; -‐ large living room windows in front elevation; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 24
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –JOHNSTON RESIDENCE aka 41 BALMORAL DRIVE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Johnston Residence is a one-‐storey west-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1960 in the Breaside neighbourhood of St. Albert. The site slopes down from south to north. It is a typical modern bungalow design from the period. The styistic components of the house include a low-‐slope gable roof with overhanging eaves, typical windows in a combination of large fixed glazing in the living room and awning openers in the bedrooms. The sloping site exposes the basement on the north side (rear yard) and a single-‐
car garage has been incorporated into the basement. The house is uniquely clad in tan, running bond brick. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Johnston Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 25
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Johnston Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of development in the Braeside neighbourhood. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming was system adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners of the house were Fredrick Russell Johnston and his wife Mae Monica Johnston. Fredrick Johnson is described as a “superintendent”. The house was owned and occupied by this family until 2001. Mae became the sole owner (described as joint tenant survivor) in 1989. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Johnston Residence was constructed in or about 1960 and is an early example of a common Modern Bungalow Style, the designs for which were readily available from builders and lumberyards. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The designer and builder of the Johnston Residence are unknown. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Johnston Residence is a unique example of the Modern Bungalow Style, being clad entirely in brick. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 26
March 2010 Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Johnston Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Johnston Residence is associated with the development of the Braeside neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The Johnston Residence is not associated with a significant person. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Johnston Residence, constructed in or about 1960, embodies characteristics of a well-‐designed Modern Bungalow and has the unique quality of being completely clad in brick. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 27
March 2010 CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Johnston Residence include its: -‐ corner location on a sloping lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one storey plus partially exposed basement; -‐ rear drive with incorporated garage; -‐ perimeter overhanging eaves; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ tan-‐coloured brick cladding in running bond; -‐ typical fenestration in the living and bedroom areas, including wood awning ventilation sashes; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Johnston Residence attained its significance when it was constructed in 1960. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Johnston Residence is in its original location dating from 1960. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Materials are the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period or time frame and in a particular pattern or configuration to form an historic resource. The historic materials and significant features from the Period of Significance should be present and their original inter-‐relationships retained. Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this residence support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Johnston Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of Braeside neighbourhood, remain intact. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 28
March 2010 INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1960 The Johnston Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1960 The Johnston Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1960 The Johnston Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Johnston Residence is a one-‐storey west-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1960 in the Breaside neighbourhood of St. Albert. The sloping site exposes the basement on the north side (rear yard) and a single-‐car garage has been incorporated into the basement. The house is uniquely clad in tan brick. Heritage Value The Johnston Residence is associated with the development of Braeside neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s first neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. The Johnston Residence embodies characteristics of a well-‐designed Modern Bungalow and has the unique quality of being completely clad in brick. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Johnston Residence include its: -‐ corner location on a sloping lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one storey plus partially exposed basement; -‐ rear drive with incorporated garage; -‐ perimeter overhanging eaves; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ tan-‐coloured brick cladding in running bond; -‐ typical fenestration in the living and bedroom areas, including wood awning ventilation sashes; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 29
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION – BRAESIDE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, PHASE 1 RESOURCE DESCRIPTION Braeside Presbyterian Church is a combination of two structures that include the original, tall one-‐storey church on the east side of the lot and a later pyramidal-‐roofed addition on the west side of the lot, linked to each other with a lower one-‐storey attachment. The front of the complex faces southeast and the lot is a prominent corner location in the neighbourhood of Braeside. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS Braeside Presbyterian Church is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 30
Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Theme 11. Spiritual Life 11.B. Social Organization, 11.B.1 Internal Structures, 11.B.1.b Denominations Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1, was constructed in or about 1968 and is associated with the early development of the Braeside Neighbourhood. Typically land and zoning were set aside in neighbourhood plans for religious institutions. Braeside Presbyterian Church was the first church to be constructed in this developing community. It is not surprising that given the racial demographic profile of St. Albert that faiths other than Roman Catholic were not well represented in town during the first 100 years of settlement. There was a small log Presbyterian Church that was also used by the Anglicans somewhere west of town ca. 1906. This building may have been moved at some unknown date to the rural district of Ray northwest of St. Albert. By 1912 the handful of Presbyterian settlers had organized a Sunday School that may have been held in a church located by the railway station where a second business district had developed. When this building was moved to Goshen in 1926 the district’s Protestants had no place of worship until the mid-‐1950s so they had to make the long trek into Edmonton. It wasn’t until 1964 that St. Albert Presbyterians took option to buy land for a church near the corner of Bernard Driver (later Sir Winston Churchill Drive) and Bishop Street. The sod turning took place four years later. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. Braeside Presbyterian Church acquired the property on May 12, 1965. It is associated with the Presbyterian Church of Canada. The roots of The Presbyterian Church in Canada are Scottish (the mother Church was the Church of Scotland which is Presbyterian), but the Canadian heritage includes the work of French Huguenots (Protestant) settlers who came to Canada in the 1600s. Many Presbyterians in Canada have their churches named after Reformers, particularly John Calvin (a Frenchman) and John Knox (a Scot who was influenced by Calvin's teachings). John Calvin (1509-‐1564) has often been called the "father" of Presbyterianism. Calvin lived in Geneva, Switzerland. From there, Presbyterianism spread through Europe. Calvin, like other reformers, worked hard to develop a church where everyone, not just the clergy, shared responsibilities. Schools were established to provide education for both clergy and laity. John Knox (1515-‐1572), after studying with Calvin in Geneva, returned to his native Scotland to establish Presbyterianism. It soon spread to northern Ireland, the United States and Canada. In 1875 several groups of Presbyterians formed a union and called themselves The Presbyterian Church. The Canadian Presbyterian Church has been independent since then. Today, The Presbyterian Church in Canada has about 1,000 congregations across the country. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 31
March 2010 Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The first phase of Braeside Presbyterian Church is, like most churches in its time, a unique modern design of no particular style although it displays hints of ‘organic’ design in its rustic wall cladding. The use of natural and rustic materials suggests the influence of ‘organic’ design as was practiced in west coast architecture, and around the world at the time, which in a metaphorical way is defined as the dialogue between Modernism and nature. The design was intended to be expressionistic and both the exterior and the interior were intended to be visually inspirational. The east and west walls of what may be the original sanctuary are sloping inward toward the top and clad in cedar shakes. The end walls are recessed from the side walls and clad in vertical cedar siding with thin vertical strips of coloured glazing to match the slope of the east and west walls. The entrance was probably on the west side where there is now a link to a later addition. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The architect and builder of Braeside Presbyterian Church are unknown. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The first phase of Braeside Presbyterian Church is one of the earliest Protestant churches of its time in St. Albert. The United Church built a new building in 1957. The Anglican Church built their building later in the 1960s and the Evangelical Lutherans built their church in 1970. The design stands out as being distinctly religious and intended to inspire with its sloping walls that emphasize the height of the worship area, along with the vertical strip windows that bring coloured light into the sanctuary. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. Braeside Presbyterian Church is a building with landmark value in its prominent corner location. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 32
March 2010 MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1, was constructed in or about 1968 and is associated with the early development of the Braeside Neighbourhood and was the first church to be constructed in this developing community. Braeside Presbyterian Church is also associated with the development of Protestant congregations of varying faiths in St. Albert, which up to the 1960’s had been prominently associated with the Roman Catholic community. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The 1968 Braeside Presbyterian Church is associated with the Presbyterian Church of Canada, an important and historic Protestant institution. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The first phase of Braeside Presbyterian Church is, like most churches in its time, a unique modern design of no particular style but with hints of ‘organic’ design in its rustic cladding. The first phase of Braeside Presbyterian Church is one of the best designed churches of its time in St. Albert. The design stands out as being distinctly religious and intended to inspire with its sloping walls that emphasize the height of the worship area, along with the vertical strip windows that bring coloured light into the sanctuary. Braeside Presbyterian Church is a building with landmark value in its prominent corner location. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 33
March 2010 CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1, include its: -‐ exposed corner location, surrounded by three streets, on a flat site; -‐ significant open space around the building; -‐ expressive form, scale and massing; -‐ rectangular plan oriented southeast to northwest; -‐ inward sloping side walls clad in cedar shakes that extend above the roof; -‐ vertical end walls clad in vertical cedar siding, with vertical strip windows at the edges and coloured, patterned glass; -‐ flat roof; -‐ decorative crosses on the front and rear walls; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1 attained its significance when it was built in 1968. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1 is in its original location dating from 1968. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of Braeside Presbyterian Church retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and wall finishes. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of Braeside Presbyterian Church retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. The addition a new entrance and link to the larger phase 2 sanctuary has modified the west wall somewhat. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of Braeside Presbyterian Church support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of Braeside Presbyterian Church or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is good. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of Braeside Presbyterian Church as a religious institution remains intact. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 34
March 2010 INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1968 Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1 has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1968 Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1 has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1968 Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1 has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 35
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource Braeside Presbyterian Church is a combination of two structures that include the original, 1968, tall one-‐
storey church on the east side of the lot and a later pyramidal-‐roofed addition on the west side of the lot, linked to each other with a lower one-‐storey attachment. The front of the complex faces southeast and the site is a prominent corner location in the neighbourhood of Braeside. Heritage Value Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1, was constructed in or about 1968 and is associated with the early development of the Braeside Neighbourhood and was the first church to be constructed in this developing community. Braeside Presbyterian Church is also associated with the development of Protestant congregations of varying fatiths in St. Albert, which up to the 1960’s had been prominently associated with the Roman Catholic community. The 1968 Braeside Presbyterian Church is associated with the Presbyterian Church of Canada, an important and historic Protestant institution. The first phase of Braeside Presbyterian Church is, like most churches in its time, a unique modern design of no particular style but with hints of organicism in its rustic cladding. The first phase of Braeside Presbyterian Church is one of the best designed churches of its time in St. Albert. The design stands out as being distinctly religious and intended to inspire with its sloping walls that emphasize the height of the worship area, along with the windows that bring coloured light into the sanctuary. Braeside Presbyterian Church is a building with landmark value in its prominent corner location. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of Braeside Presbyterian Church, Phase 1, include its: -‐ exposed corner location, surrounded by three streets, on a flat site; -‐ significant open space around the building; -‐ expressive form, scale and massing; -‐ rectangular plan oriented southeast to northwest; -‐ inward sloping side walls clad in cedar shakes that extend above the roof; -‐ vertical end walls clad in vertical cedar siding, with vertical strip windows at the edges and coloured, patterned glass; -‐ flat roof; -‐ decorative crosses on the front and rear walls; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; early aerial photos; official History of the Presbyterian Church of Canada http://www.presbyterian.ca/about/pcc/history; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 36
March 2010 STURGEON NEIGHBOURHOOD 16 Savoy Place – single-‐family residence 21 Sable Crescent – single-‐family residence 23 Sable Crescent – single-‐family residence 74 Sunset Boulevard– single-‐family residence 55 Stanley Drive – St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 37
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –CONWAY RESIDENCE aka 16 SAVOY PLACE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Conway Residence is a one-‐storey southeast-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1961 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert. The site is flat. It is a typical, modest, modern bungalow from the period. The styistic components of the house include a low-‐slope hipped roof with overhanging eaves, typical windows in a combination of large fixed glazing in the living room and awning openers in the bedrooms. The composition includes a stucco clad chimney in the west elevation. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Conway Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 38
Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Conway Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of development in the Sturgeon neighbourhood. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming was system adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners of the house were Edward Rex Conway and his wife Alice Mary Conway. They purchased the property on February 17, 1961 from Precision Construction Ltd. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Conway Residence is an early example of a common Modern Bungalow Style, the designs for which were readily available from builders and lumberyards. A greenhouse addition has been constructed at the rear. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The design is probably a standard design from a pattern book at the time. The builder may have been Precision Construction who bought the land from the Town of St. Albert on December 20, 1960 and sold the land to the Conways on February 17, 1961. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Conway Residence is a common example of the Modern Bungalow Style. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 39
March 2010 Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Conway Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Conway Residence is associated with the development of the Sturgeon neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The Conway Residence is not associated with a significant person or institution. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Conway Residence embodies characteristics of a standard Modern Bungalow, prevalent in Alberta at the time. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 40
March 2010 CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Conway Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a flat lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey; -‐ perimeter overhanging eaves; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ typical fenestration in the living and bedroom areas, including wood awning ventilation sashes; -‐ stucco cladding; -‐ natural finish wood panels between the bedroom windows; -‐ front access driveway; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Conway Residence attained its significance when it was constructed 1961. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Conway Residence is in its original location dating from 1961. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Conway Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Conway Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this house support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the Conway Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Conway Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of Sturgeon neighbourhood, remains intact. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 41
March 2010 INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1961 The Conway Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1961 The Conway Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1961 The Conway Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of resource The Conway Residence is a one-‐storey southeast-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1961 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert on a flat site. It is a typical, modest, modern bungalow from the period with a front access driveway. Heritage value The Conway Residence is associated with the development of the Sturgeon neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. The Conway Residence embodies characteristics of a standard Modern Bungalow, prevalent in Alberta at the time. Character-‐defining elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Conway Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a flat lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey; -‐ perimeter overhanging eaves; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ typical fenestration in the living and bedroom areas, including wood awning ventilation sashes; -‐ stucco cladding; -‐ natural finish wood panels between the bedroom windows; -‐ front access driveway; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 42
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –MARTYNA RESIDENCE aka 21 SABLE CRESCENT RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Martyna Residence is a one-‐storey south-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1962 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique flat roof modern bungalow located on a flat lot, in a mid-‐block, inside corner location. It has an attached front-‐drive garage. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Martyna Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 43
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building type Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Martyna Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of development in the Sturgeon neighbourhood. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming was system adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners and builders of the house were Justine and Mitchell Martyna. They lived in the house for only 2 years and sold it to Alexander James Proudfoot and Eileen Helen Proudfoot in 1964. They owned the house until 1969 when the current owner, Vera Budzilka, purchased the house. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Martyna Residence is an example of a unique Modern Bungalow influenced by the International Style, typified by a flat roof, wide overhangs, a broad recessed entry and a combination of walls materials that include rough textured stucco, stained vertical cedar siding and brick accents. It has an attached garage. An air-‐raid shelter was constructed beneath the garage which has been subsequently filled in with sand. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The designer and builder of The Martyna Residence is reputed to be the owner himself with the assistance of his son. They are not known to have designed and built any other buildings in St. Albert. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Martyna Residence is a fine example of an International Style bungalow. Although designed by a non-‐
professional, the residence reveals a sophisticated understanding of modern domestic architecture. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 44
March 2010 Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Matryna Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Martyna Residence is associated with the development of the Sturgeon neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. It is reported that Justine Martyna was an artist and painted the stations of the cross in the St. Albert Catholic Basilica. It is also reported that subsequent owner Alexander James Proudfoot was the superintendent of schools, possibly the Separate Schools (Protestant). C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Martyna Residence is a uniquely designed house that indicates a sophisticated understanding of International Style planning and materials and embodies typical characteristics such as a flat roof, broad overhangs, a broad recessed entry, rough stucco, stained vertical cedar siding and brick decoration. In addition there is a large, centrally-‐located brick clad chimney. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 45
March 2010 INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Martyna Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block, inside corner location on a flat site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey; -‐ flat roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ attached garage with lower, flat roof; -‐ broad recessed entry; -‐ exterior finishes: rough stucco, stained vertical cedar siding and brick decoration; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of fixed and opening windows in the facades, and aluminum-‐framed sliders; -‐ large, centrally-‐located brick clad chimney; -‐ interior, exposed post and beam construction. PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Martyna Residence is significant for when it was designed and built in 1962. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Martyna Residence is in its original location dating from 1962. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Martyna Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. There have been no significant changes to the original design. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Martyna Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this house support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the Martyna Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 46
March 2010 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Martyna Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of Sturgeon neighbourhood, remains intact. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1962 The Martyna Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1962 The Martyna Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1962 The Martyna Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 47
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Martyna Residence is a one-‐storey south-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1962 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique flat-‐roof modern bungalow located on a flat lot, in a mid-‐block, inside corner location. It has an attached front-‐drive garage. Heritage Value The Martyna Residence is associated with the development of Sturgeon neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s first neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. The Martyna Residence is a uniquely designed house that indicates a sophisticated understanding of International Style planning and materials, and embodies typical design characteristics such as a flat roof, broad overhangs and horizontal windows. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Martyna Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block, inside corner location on a flat site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey; -‐ flat roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ attached garage with lower, flat roof; -‐ broad recessed entry; -‐ exterior finishes: rough stucco, stained vertical cedar siding and brick decoration; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of fixed and opening windows in the facades, and aluminum-‐framed sliders; -‐ large, centrally-‐located brick clad chimney; -‐ interior, exposed post and beam construction. Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; owner interview; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 48
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –FORD RESIDENCE aka 23 SABLE CRESCENT RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Ford Residence is a one-‐storey west-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1962 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique flat roof modern bungalow located on a sloping lot, down from front to back, in a mid-‐block, inside corner location. It has an attached front-‐drive carport and a flanking storage room. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Ford Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 49
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Ford Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of development in the Sturgeon neighbourhood. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming was system adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners and builders of the house were Robert Stanley Beckett Ford and Willy Ford. They purchased the house from the War Veterans Act, which purchased the property from the Town of St. Albert in 1961. The Town acquired the property in 1958. The Fords lived in the house until 2004, when it was purchased by neighbour Vera Budzilko (21 Sable Crescent). Robert Ford was a war veteran. He was a motorcycle courier and often recounted his stories after the war. Will Ford was a Dutch war bride. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Ford Residence is an example of a unique Modern Bungalow influenced by the International Style, typified by a flat roof and in this case, no overhangs. It has a long horizontal wood-‐framed window in the west façade with awning openers. There are large windows in the living room facing north to the side. The sloping site permits the basement to be partially exposed at the rear, where bedrooms are located. The construction is wood frame and is a relatively-‐pure example of the European International Style, with no references to the West Coast Post and Beam Style that was popular in these new neighbourhoods. The design includes a full-‐length louvred sun shade above the west-‐facing horizontal window David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 50
March 2010 Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The designer and builder of the Ford Residence is unknown, but unusual skill is displayed in the design for a possible non-‐professional. An original drawing exists but there is no indication of the designer. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Ford Residence is a fine example of a relatively pure modern bungalow in the International Style. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Ford Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Ford Residence is associated with the development of the Sturgeon neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. No particular municipal significance, associated with the owners, has been uncovered. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 51
March 2010 C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Ford Residence is a uniquely designed Modern Bungalow that indicates a sophisticated understanding of International Style planning and materials and embodies typical characteristics such as a flat roof with no overhangs, broad horizontal winds and sun shade and stained vertical cedar siding on all sides. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Matyna Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block, inside corner location on a flat site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey; -‐ flat roof with no eaves; -‐ attached carport and utility room; -‐ side entry from the carport; -‐ exterior finishes: stained vertical cedar siding with exposed concrete foundation at the rear; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of horizontal fixed and opening windows in the facades, with awning sashes; -‐ large windows in the living room facing north with stair access to the yard; -‐ horizontal louvred sun shade over the west-‐facing from window; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Ford Residence is significant for when it was designed and built in 1962. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Ford Residence is in its original location dating from 1962. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Ford Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. There have been no significant changes to the original design. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Ford Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 52
March 2010 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this house support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the Ford Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Ford Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of the Sturgeon neighbourhood, remains intact. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1962 The Ford Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1962 The Ford Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1962 The Ford Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 53
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Ford Residence is a one-‐storey west-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1962 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique flat-‐roof modern bungalow located on a sloping lot, in a mid-‐block, inside corner location. It has an attached carport and utility room. Heritage Value The Ford Residence is associated with the development of Sturgeon neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s first neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. The Ford Residence is a uniquely designed Modern Bungalow that indicates a sophisticated understanding of International Style planning and materials, and embodies typical design characteristics such as a flat roof, broad overhangs and horizontal windows. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Ford Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block, inside corner location on a sloping site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey with partially exposed basement; -‐ flat roof with no overhanging eaves; -‐ attached carport with storage room; -‐ side entry from the carport; -‐ exterior finishes that include stained vertical cedar siding and exposed concrete foundation at the rear; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of wood-‐framed fixed and opening windows in the facades with awning openers; -‐ large living room window facing north with stair access to the yard; -‐ horizontal louvred sun shade over the west-‐facing from window; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; owner interview; original drawing David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 54
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –IDDINGS RESIDENCE aka 74 SUNSET BOULEVARD RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Iddings Residence is a one-‐storey southeast-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1968 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique and substantial flat roof modern residence located on a high, sloping lot in a mid-‐block location. The sloping site fully exposes the basement of the house at the rear. It has a detached front-‐drive double car garage at the rear of the lot. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Iddings Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 55
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Iddings Residence was constructed as part of a later wave of development in the Sturgeon neighbourhood. From aerial photos, it appears to have been constructed after 1967. There were changes of ownership as follows: 12 April 1967 Roger Iddings; 25 March 1968 North West Investments; 15 December 1970 to 4 march 1977 Donna Mae Iddings. It is assumed that the house was constructed in or about 1968. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming was system adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The presumed first owners and builders of the house were members of the Iddings family. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Iddings Residence is an example of a unique and substantial modern house influenced primarily by West Coast Post and Beam Style, typified by a flat roof, substantial glazing and exposed roof structure. The house is clad in stucco with some exposed aggregate concrete and wood trims. The sloping site allows the basement to be completely exposed on the west side. The upper rear elevation is almost entirely glass. This house stands out in St. Albert as a well-‐designed example of custom esidential architecture in its time. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The designer and builder of the Iddings Residence is unknown, but unusual skill is displayed in the design for a possible non-‐professional. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 56
March 2010 High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Iddings Residence is a fine example of a Late Modern residence. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Iddings Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Iddings Residence is associated with the development of the Sturgeon neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. No particular municipal significance, associated with the owners, has been uncovered. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Iddings Residence is an example of a unique and substantial modern house influenced primarily by West Coast Post and Beam Style, typified by a flat roof, substantial glazing and exposed roof structure. The house is clad in stucco with some exposed aggregate concrete and wood trims. The sloping site allows the basement to be completely exposed on the west side. The upper rear elevation is almost entirely glass. This house stands out in St. Albert as a well-‐designed example of residential architecture in its time. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 57
March 2010 INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Iddings Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a sloping site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey and exposed basement; -‐ flat roof with no eaves; -‐ various cantilevered portions in the composition, with exposed post and beam structure; -‐ front drive detached double car garage; -‐ central front entry midway between main floor and basement ; -‐ exterior finishes: stucco, exposed aggregate concrete, painted wood trims, painted exposed structural beams; -‐ decorative projecting wood trim over the upper front windows; -‐ large cantilevered entranced canopy; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of large horizontal fixed and opening windows in the front facade; -‐ fully glazed upper floor rear elevation, with balcony; -‐ large windows in the living room facing north with stair access to the yard; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Iddings Residence is significant for when it was designed and built in or about 1968. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Iddings Residence is in its original location. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Iddings Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. There have been no significant changes to the original design. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Iddings Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. Some of the windows may have been replaced. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 58
March 2010 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this house support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the Iddings Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Iddings Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of the Sturgeon neighbourhood, remains intact. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1968 The Iddings Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1968 The Iddings Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1968 The Iddings Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 59
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Iddings Residence is a one-‐storey south east-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1968 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique modern residence located on a sloping lot, down from east to west, in a mid-‐block location. The sloping site fully exposes the basement of the house at the rear. It has a detached front-‐drive double car garage at the rear of the lot. Heritage Value The Iddings Residence is associated with the development of the Sturgeon neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. The Iddings Residence is an example of a modern house influenced primarily by West Coast Post and Beam Style, typified by a flat roof, substantial glazing and exposed roof structure. This uniquely designed house indicates a sophisticated understanding of architectural design. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Iddings Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a sloping site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey and exposed basement; -‐ flat roof with no eaves; -‐ various cantilevered portions in the composition, with exposed post and beam structure; -‐ front drive detached double car garage; -‐ central front entry midway between main floor and basement ; -‐ exterior finishes: stucco, exposed aggregate concrete, painted wood trims, painted exposed structural beams; -‐ decorative projecting wood trim over the upper front windows; -‐ large cantilevered entranced canopy; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of large horizontal fixed and opening windows in the front facade; -‐ fully glazed upper floor rear elevation, with balcony; -‐ large windows in the living room facing north with stair access to the yard; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 60
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION – ST. PETER EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH RESOURCE DESCRIPTION St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is a one-‐storey pyramidal structure constructed in 1971 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a modern design by Peter Hemingway Architect. It is one of 2 pyramidal churches that Hemingway designed in 1970. The location is on a large, flat, triangular lot flanked by Hebert and Cunningham Roads. The entrance faces southwest toward a large parking lot, away from the flanking roads. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 61
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 11. Spiritual Life 11.B. Social Organization, 11.B.1 Internal Structures, 11.B.1.b Denominations Theme 17. Intellectual Life 17.B The Disciplines; 17.B.1 The Arts; 17.B.1.m Professional 17.B.3 The Humanities &Social Sciences; 17.B.3.n Significant Works (for excellent design by a known architect) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is associated with the spread of religious organizations in Canada that accompanied settlement. The Roman Catholics were the first to settle and establish St. Albert. Faiths other than Roman Catholicism were not well represented in St. Albert during the first 100 years of settlement. Peter Hemingway designed the Pilgrim Evangelical Lutheran Church in 1966 but the church does not appear to have been built. His St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church, though, was built in 1971. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church was designed in 1970 and constructed in 1971. The St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran congregation is associated with the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS) headquartered in Milwaukee Wisconsin. This religious organization traces its roots to the teachings of Martin Luther and the United Rhine Mission Society formed in Germany in 1828. In 1837 the German mission first established a presence in North America. There are now 16 congregations in Canada. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is an example of the Modern Expressionist Style, a modern style with broad boundaries that in this case combines elements from the West Coast Post and Beam Style, expressed in the dominant exposed wood roof structure on the inside and natural slate shingles on the outside, and the Brutalist Style that was popular in Edmonton at the time, and expressed in the large quantities of exposed sand-‐blasted concrete both inside and outside. The use of ‘natural’ materials suggests the influence of ‘organic’ design as was practiced in west coast architecture, and around the world at the time, which in a metaphorical way is defined as the dialogue between Modernism and nature. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 62
March 2010 Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is associated with the professional reputation of architect Peter Hemingway, who is considered a master architect in Alberta during the post-‐war period – 1958 to 1990. Prior to this project, Hemingway received 2 Massey Medals, Canada’s highest award for architecture at the time. Hemingway designed three St. Albert houses in a row, 24, 26 and 28 Balmoral, including the architect’s own house at 24 Balmoral. He has been recognized as one of Alberta’s leading architects in the post-‐war period. Hemingway was an architectural graduate from England who formed a partnership in the 1950s with architect Charles Laubenthal. Hemingway was registered as an architect on 15 February 1956 and Laubenthal on 18 August 1954. They practiced together until the late 1960s. Hemingway continued to practice until the early 1990s. His acclaimed body of work includes the 1959 St. Albert Curling Rink, the 1961 St. Albert Town Hall and Library, the 1961 Grandin Shopping Mall, the 1970 St. Peter’s Evangelical Lutheran Church, an iconic pyramidal building, and the 1974 St. Albert RCMP Building. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is one of only a few Protestant churches that were built at this time and is a fine example of Modern Expressionism with its simple pyramidal roof massing with exposed concrete base and entrance feature. This is the first pyramidal structure designed by Hemingway along with the 1970 Central Pentacostal Tabernacle in Edmonton and is idiosyncratic making it difficult to compare with other church designs in St. Albert as the time.. Hemingway went on to design the iconic Edmonton Muttart Conservatory in 1974, a series of 4 pyramidal structures that have come to symbolize the city itself. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is a building with landmark value in its prominent corner location. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 63
March 2010 MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is associated with the development of protestant congregations in St. Albert that gradually took hold after World War Two. The Roman Catholics were the first to settle and establish St. Albert. Faiths other than Roman Catholic were not well represented in town during the first 100 years of settlement. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church was designed in 1970 and constructed in 1971. The congregation is associated with the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS) headquartered in Milwaukee Wisconsin. This religious organization traces its roots to the teachings of Martin Luther and the United Rhine Mission Society formed in Germany in 1828. In 1837 the German mission established a presence in North America. There are now 16 congregations in Canada. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is a fine example of the Modern Expressionist Style, a modern style with broad boundaries that in this case combines elements from the West Coast Post and Beam Style and the Brutalist Style that was popular in Alberta at the time with hints of ‘organic’ design using natural and rustic materials. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is associated with the professional reputation of architect Peter Hemingway, who is considered a master architect in Alberta during the post-‐war period – 1958 to 1990. Prior to this project, Hemingway received 2 Massey Medals, Canada’s highest award for architecture at the time. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is the first pyramidal structure designed by Hemingway, along with the 1970 Central Pentacostal Tabernacle in Edmonton. Hemingway went on to design the iconic Muttart Conservatory in 1974, a series of 4 pyramidal structures that have come to symbolize Edmonton itself. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 64
March 2010 INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church include its: -‐ exposed, corner location on a flat site; -‐ significant open space around the building; -‐ expressive pyramidal roof form, scale and massing; -‐ integration into the site using perimeter berms that connect the roof shape with the landscape; -‐ exposed sand-‐blasted concrete base for the roof and the expressive entrance tunnel feature; -‐ slate tile roof cladding; -‐ skylights in the pyramidal roof and over the entrance; -‐ pyramidal metal cover over the chimney; Interior -‐ exposed roof structure and cedar deck; -‐ exposed sand-‐blasted perimeter concrete walls in the tunnel entrance and in the sanctuary; -‐ exposed sand-‐blasted concrete pulpit, raised dais and perimeter metal rail. -‐ hanging metal and glass cross over the altar; -‐ wood entrance doors and custom hardware; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church has attained its significance upon its first occupancy by the Church in 1971 to the present . ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is in its original location dating from 1959. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, roof configuration, pattern of skylights and front entrance, both on the exterior and in the interior. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 65
March 2010 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church as a religious institution remains intact. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1971 – present St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1971 -‐ present St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1971 -‐ present St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 66
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is a one-‐storey pyramidal structure constructed in 1971 in the Sturgeon neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a modern design by Peter Hemingway Architect. The location is on a large, flat, triangular lot flanked by Hebert and Cunningham Roads. The entrance faces southwest toward a large parking lot, away from the flanking roads. Heritage Value St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is associated with the development of protestant congregations in St. Albert that gradually took hold after World War Two. The Roman Catholics were the first to settle and establish St. Albert. Faiths other than Roman Catholicism were not well represented in town during the first 100 years of settlement. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church congregation is associated with the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS) headquartered in Milwaukee Wisconsin. This religious organization traces its roots to the teachings of Martin Luther and the United Rhine Mission Society formed in Germany in 1828. In 1837 the German mission established a presence in North America. There are now 16 WELS congregations in Canada. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is a fine example of the Modern Expressionist Style, a modern style with broad boundaries that in this case combines elements from the West Coast Post and Beam Style and the Brutalist Style that was popular in Alberta at the time with hints of ‘organic’ design using natural and rustic materials. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is associated with the professional reputation of architect Peter Hemingway, who is considered a master architect in Alberta during the post-‐war period – 1958 to 1990. Prior to this project, Hemingway received 2 Massey Medals, Canada’s highest award for architecture at the time. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is the first pyramidal structure designed by Hemingway, along with the 1970 Central Pentacostal Tabernacle in Edmonton. St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church is a building with landmark value in its prominent corner location. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of St.Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church include its: -‐ exposed, corner location on a flat site; -‐ significant open space around the building; -‐ expressive pyramidal roof form, scale and massing; -‐ integration into the site using perimeter berms that connect the roof shape with the landscape; -‐ exposed sand-‐blasted concrete base for the roof and the expressive entrance tunnel feature; -‐ slate tile roof cladding; -‐ skylights in the pyramidal roof and over the entrance; -‐ pyramidal metal cover over the chimney; Interior -‐ exposed roof structure and cedar deck; -‐ exposed sand-‐blasted perimeter concrete walls in the tunnel entrance and in the sanctuary; -‐ exposed sand-‐blasted concrete pulpit, raised dais and perimeter metal rail. -‐ hanging metal and glass cross over the altar; -‐ wood entrance doors and custom hardware; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; owner interview; early photos David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 67
March 2010 GRANDIN NEIGHBOURHOOD 45 Grosvenor Boulevard – single-‐family residence 47 Grosvenor Boulevard – single-‐family residence David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 68
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –ROOP RESIDENCE aka 45 GROSVENOR BOULEVARD RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Roop Residence is a single storey, west facing residence constructed in circa 1961 in the Grandin neighbourhood of St Albert overlooking Grosvenor Park. It is a modern design with west coast and international style influences, typically referred to as a ‘ranch’ style house. The house is characterized by the low slope slightly asymmetrical roof and an off-‐set centre doorway with transom light that extends to the roof line. The principal west façade has a yellow brick wall that aligns with the head of the main entry door and extends horizontally past the southern façade by approximately 2’. The area of the façade between the wall and roof line is in-‐filled with a clearstory style window that aligns with the pitch of the roof. The west façade to the left of the centreline is set back slightly and the roof overhangs to provide some shelter over the entry door. The wall is clad with board and batten and contains a large window to the living room that is again configured to follow the roof line. A single car attached garage forms the northern portion of the principal façade. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Roop Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 69
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community, 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Roop Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of new development in the Grandin neighbourhood. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming was system adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The house was constructed by Clifford Rankin Roop and Ada Margaret Roop and appears on the 1962 aerial photograph. The house was subsequently owned by Delmar August Louis and Doreen Mathilda Louis from March 1963 – July 1965, Morley James Drysdale and Margaret Ann Drysdale July 1965 – April 1974, Robert Brown and Margaret Ann Brown April 1974 – Dec 1991, Derek Woodman and Shellene Woodman December 1991 – September 1992, Nadia Crowe and Herbert George Crowe from September 1992 – August 1996. The current owners are Brenda O’Neill and Richard O’Neill. Additional research is required to determine if any of these persons have municipal or provincial significance. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Roop residence is an Alberta example of a modernist home that embodies a number of modernist and west coast design elements, commonly referred to as a ‘ranch’ style home. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The designer of the house is not known High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Roop Residence is a fine example of the modern house style being constructed in the neighbourhood. The yellow brick wall, set back entrance and windows that follow the roof line are all elements that embody this style. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 70
March 2010 Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Roop Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Roop Residence is associated with the development of the Grandin neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. Additional research is required to determine if any of the persons that have owned the property have municipal or provincial significance. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Roop Residence is a fine modern house of its era containing a number of design elements and features that set it apart from its contemporaries. The scale and composition of the west façade, with its yellow brick wall and clearstory glazing, set back entrance and attached single car garage define the style. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 71
March 2010 CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Roop Residence include its: -‐ mid block location; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ low slope gable roof; -‐ integrated single car garage and set back entrance below the over-‐sailing roof; -‐ brick wall treatment with clearstory window; -‐ painted vertical board and batten siding; -‐ large window to living space aligned with roof pitch; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Roop Residence is significant for the time it was constructed and the development of the Grandin neighbourhood of 1961. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Roop Residence is in its original location dating. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Roop Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrance. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Roop Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses and Grosvenor Park. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of the Roop Residence support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Roop residence as a single family house, representing the early development of the Grandin neighbourhood, remain intact. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 72
March 2010 INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1961 The Roop Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1961 The Roop Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1961 The Roop Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Roop Residence is a single storey, west-‐facing residence constructed in circa 1959 in the Grandin neighbourhood of St Albert overlooking Grosvenor Park. Heritage Value The Roop Residence is associated with the development of the Grandin neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s first neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. It is a modern design with West Coast and International Style influences, typically referred to as a ‘Ranch Style’ house. The house is characterized by the low slope slightly asymmetrical roof and an offset centre doorway with transom light that extends to the roofline. The composition of the west façade is articulated and refined with clearstory glazing, large window to living areas and integrated attached single car garage. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Roop Residence include its: -‐ mid block location; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ low slope gable roof; -‐ integrated single car garage and set back entrance below the over-‐sailing roof; -‐ brick wall treatment with clearstory window; -‐ painted vertical board and batten siding; -‐ large window to living space aligned with roof pitch; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 73
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –MADSEN RESIDENCE aka 47 GROSVENOR BOULEVARD RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Madsen Residence is a two storey, west facing residence constructed in 1959 in the Grandin neighbourhood of St Albert. It is a modern design with west coast and international style influences, designed and constructed by the owner, Flemming Madsen. Flemming Madsen was an immigrant from Denmark who formed Madsen’s Custom Cabinets in 1959 which continues to be one of Edmonton’s premier millwork and custom joinery companies. The house is characterized by the low slope symmetrical roof, an off-‐set centre doorway with side light creating a split level entrance and vertical feature that extends to the roof line and horizontal ribbon windows. There is a shallow balcony that wraps part of the west elevation and extends to the north façade. The building is clad with a combination of horizontal drop siding with rough sawn bottom edges approximately 10” deep and vertical ship lap approx 8” wide. There is also some stucco at the lower level surrounding the garage area. The site is mid block facing Grosvenor Park, has level access to two single door garage entrances in teak with concrete steps up to the mid level entrance. The house was extended to the rear in the early 1970’s. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Madsen Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 74
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community, 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Madsen Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of new development in the Grandin neighbourhood. The “New Town” provincial programme was awarded to St. Albert in 1956. This was the first major expansion of the town when Council approved a three-‐year programme to build 700 homes that created Braeside and extended the boundaries of Grandin Park, Mission Park, and Sturgeon Heights neighbourhoods. This is the year that the unique street naming was system adopted, where street names in any particular neighbourhood began with the first letter of the neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners of the house were Flemming Schack Madsen and his wife Annette. They owned the house from 1959 until 1986. Flemming Madsen founded Madsen’s Custom Cabinets a prominent Edmonton millwork company that is still in existence and family owned. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Madsen residence is an Alberta example of a modernist home that embodies a number of modernist and west coast design elements. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The Madsen residence is associated with the company Madsens Custom Cabinets and its owner Flemming Madsen who designed the house. While he had no architectural training his background in cabinetmaking and joinery and early life in Denmark had expossed him to early international style homes and the Canadian methods of house building. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Madsen Residence is a fine example of the modern house style being constructed in the neighbourhood. It’s off set and split level entrance presents a unique design feature that coupled with the window style and pitch of the roof set the house apart from is contemporaries. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 75
March 2010 Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Madsen Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Madsen Residence is associated with the development of the Grandin neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s new neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The Madsen Residence is associated with cabinetmaker and businessman Flemming Schack Madsen, founder of Madsen’s Custom Cabinets a prominent Edmonton millwork and joinery firm. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Madsen Residence is a fine modern house of its era containing a number of design elements and features that set it apart from its contemporaries. The scale and composition of the west façade, with its offset split level entrance that extends to the roof line, the horizontal windows and balcony that wraps to the north façade are all design elements worthy of an architects design. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 76
March 2010 CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Johnston Residence include its: -‐ mid block location on a sloping lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, exemplified by the low slope gable roof, garage access and split level entrance to the street; -‐ off-‐set, split level central entrance with side lite and transom lite that extends to the roof line in teak wood; -‐ Combination of painted vertical siding and horizontal siding with rough sawn bottom edge; -‐ large horizontal windows; -‐ Shallow balcony that wraps portion of west and north facades; -‐ Two single car garage doors in teak wood; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Madsen Residence attained its significance when it was constructed in 1959 and with its first owner Flemming Schack Madsen and his wife Annette who lived at the house until 1986. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The madsen Residence is in its original location dating from 1959. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses and Grosvenor Park. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this residence support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Madsen Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of the Grandin neighbourhood, remain intact. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 77
March 2010 INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1959 -‐ 1986 The Madsen Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1959-‐1986 The Madsen Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1959-‐1986 The Madsen Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 78
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Madsen Residence is a Two-‐storey, west facing, mid block residence constructed in 1959 in the Grandin neighbourhood of St Albert with its principal façade orientated to overlook a public park. It is a modern design with west coast and international style influences, designed and constructed by the owner, Flemming Madsen. Heritage Value The Madsen Residence is associated with the development of the Grandin neighbourhood, one of St. Albert’s first neighbourhoods in the post-‐war expansion period. The house is characterized by the low slope symmetrical roof, an off-‐set centre doorway with side light creating a split level entrance and vertical feature that extends to the roof line and horizontal ribbon windows. There is a shallow balcony that wraps part of the west elevation and extends to the north façade. Although not designed by an architect the house embodies a number of design ideas and stylistic treatments that set it apart from its contemporaries and define it as a fine example of the post war modern house of its time. The Madsen residence is associated with the company Madsens Custom Cabinets and its owner Flemming Madsen who designed and constructed the house. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Madsen Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location on a sloping lot; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, exemplified by the low slope gable roof, garage access from the street and split level entrance to the street; -‐ off-‐set, split level central entrance with side lite and transom lite that extends to the roof line in teak wood; -‐ Combination of painted vertical siding and horizontal siding with rough sawn bottom edge; -‐ large horizontal windows; -‐ Shallow balcony that wraps portion of west and north facades; -‐ Two single car garage doors in teak Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; family interview; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 79
March 2010 DOWNTOWN NEIGHBOURHOOD Lion’s Park – CNoR Trestle Bridge 25 Sir Winston Churchill Drive -‐ RCMP Building / Hemingway Centre David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 80
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION – CNoR TRESTLE BRIDGE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Canadian Northern Railway (CNoR) Trestle Bridge is a 307 foot long engineered log bridge that crosses the Sturgeon River west of the downtown, in what is now known as Lion’s Park. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The CNoR Trestle Bridge is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 81
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 5. Transportation 5.A Systems, Technology & Support; 5.A.2 Railways; 5.A.2.d Engineering and Construction Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. John A. McDonald’s National Policy was a comprehensive approach to allow for the settlement and development of the newly acquired Canadian west. A crucial part of the policy was the construction of a transcontinental railway that would carry manufactured goods from the industries of central Canada to western settlers and return with the west’s surplus agricultural products. Initially, the Carlton Trail route was favoured for the railway line as there were a number of incipient settlements along the route, mostly clustered around the fur trade posts and missions. These settlements, like St. Albert, practiced a subsistence agricultural economy. Before they could move to a market economy they needed both a ready market and a means to supply that market. Obviously, a railway would address this issue. However, to the disappointment and chagrin of those living along the old Carlton Trail, politics dictated that the Canadian Pacific Railway be built far to the south. It wasn’t until 1891 that the CPR built a branch line to the town of Strathcona opposite Edmonton. For the farmers around St. Albert, the CPR railway was of limited use. Certainly, they now had access to larger and more varied manufactured goods that could be purchased in the Edmonton stores. But the railway terminus was on the south bank of the North Saskatchewan. Larger-‐scale farming could not take place until those settlements and towns on the north bank of the North Saskatchewan had direct access to a railway. So it was with considerable celebration that those living on the north bank of the river greeted a second transcontinental railway, the Canadian Northern Railway, when it reached Edmonton in 1905. The following year owners Donald Mann and William Mackenzie approached the Grey Nuns in St. Albert to purchase the south part of lot 24 on the north side of the Sturgeon River for a railway station. The station and trestle bridge across the Sturgeon were built in 1907. The Canadian Northern Railway was the only transcontinental rail line to go through St. Albert. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The CNoR Trestle Bridge is associated with the Canadian Northern Railway, later to become the Canadian National Railway, Canada’s second transcontinental railway. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The CNoR Trestle Bridge is a typical prairie railway trestle bridge, required to cross rivers and valleys. The single track open deck pile trestle bridge over the Sturgeon River in St Albert is located at mile 4.7 on CN's Sangudo Subdivision having an overall length of 307'. It consists of 23 simply supported timber spans built in 1953 varying from 9.5' to 12' in length and one 40' long riveted deck plate girder span built in 1911 and located approximately in the middle of the bridge . All spans are supported by timber pile bents. The bridge is David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 82
March 2010 on a 4.5 degree curve and has a maximum overall height of 40' from the river to the top of rail. It has been subjected to fire damage and vandalism in past years. A pedestrian underpass was constructed at the east end of the bridge in 1986 between pile bents 7 and 8. Train operating speed over the bridge is 30 mph. Plans dated 1906 indicate that the original trestle bridge consisted of 71 timber spans on pile and frame bents with a total length of approximately 1074'. Records also show that original bents 1 to 34 and 51 to 72 were filled in prior to 1918. In 1926 the trestle was reconstructed with 22 timber and 1 reused riveted deck plate girder spans having a total length of 302'. In 1937, 8 bents on the east end and 6 bents on the west end were redriven and the remaining intermediate bents were redriven in 1953. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The CNoR Trestle Bridge was designed by the railway. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The CNoR Trestle Bridge is an excellent example of common railway engineering. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This bridge does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The CNoR Trestle Bridge is a structure with significant landmark value in its prominent downtown, river valley location. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The CNoR Trestle Bridge is associated with the theme of railway transportation that opened the west, and specifically St. Albert, to economic development at the turn of the Twentieth Century. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 83
March 2010 B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The CNoR Trestle Bridge is associated with the Canadian Northern Railway, which became the Canadian National Railway, Canada’s second transcontinental railway. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The CNoR Trestle Bridge is a typical engineered railway trestle bridge, required to cross rivers and valleys. The bridge is an excellent example of common railway engineering. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the CNoR Trestle Bridge include its: -‐ prominent downtown location in the Sturgeon River valley; -‐ significant open space around the structure; -‐ expressive engineering form, scale and massing; -‐ complex structural system of creosote timbers and supports; -‐ painted steel bridge at centre span; -‐ railway ties and steel rails on the top of the bridge; -‐ curved alignment; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The CNoR Trestle Bridge has attained from 1907 to present ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The CNoR Trestle Bridge is in its original location. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the CNoR Trestle Bridge retains its original exterior characteristics of form, scale and massing, David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 84
March 2010 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of The CNoR Trestle Bridge retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been some alteration to or replacement of the original materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of the CNoR Trestle Bridge support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the CNoR Trestle Bridge or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the CNoR Trestle Bridge as a railway bridge remains intact. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1907-‐present The CNoR Trestle Bridge has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1907-‐present The CNoR Trestle Bridge has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1907-‐present The CNoR Trestle Bridge has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 85
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Canadian Northern Railway (CNoR) Trestle Bridge is an engineered log bridge that crosses the Sturgeon River west of the downtown, in what is now known as Lion’s Park. Heritage Value The CNoR Trestle Bridge is associated with the theme of railway transportation that opened the west, and specifically St. Albert, to economic development at the turn of the Twentieth Century. The CNoR Trestle Bridge is associated with the Canadian Northern Railway, which became the Canadian National Railway, Canada’s second transcontinental railway. The CNoR Trestle Bridge is a typical railway trestle bridge, required to cross rivers and valleys. The bridge is an excellent example of common railway engineering. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the CNoR Trestle Bridge include its: -‐ prominent downtown location in the Sturgeon River valley; -‐ significant open space around the structure; -‐ expressive engineering form, scale and massing; -‐ complex structural system of creosote timbers and supports; -‐ painted steel bridge at centre span; -‐ railway ties and steel rails on the top of the bridge; -‐ curved alignment; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; information supplied by CNR; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 86
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION – RCMP BUILDING aka HEMINGWAY CENTRE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The St. Albert RCMP Building, also know as the Hemingway Centre, is a one-‐storey structure constructed between 1974 and 1976 in the Downtown neighbourhood of St. Albert, facing Sir Winston Churchill Drive. It is a modern design by Peter Hemingway Architect. The location is on a large, gently sloping, rectilinear lot. The entrance faces southeast toward a small parking lot and narrow landscaped verge beside Sir Winston Churchill Avenue. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The St. Albert RCMP Building is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 87
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 13. Law Enforcement 13.B. Police, 13.B.1 The North-‐West Mounted Police/Royal Canadian Mounted Police 13.B.3. Municipal Police, 13.B.3.g. Social History Theme 17. Intellectual Life 17.B The Disciplines; 17.B.1 The Arts; 17.B.1.m Professional 17.B.3 The Humanities &Social Sciences; 17.B.3.n Significant Works (for excellent design by a known architect) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The St. Albert RCMP Building is associated with the theme of law enforcement in St. Albert which was provided by the RCMP until 1910 and again after 1944. It the intervening period law enforcement was provided by a municipal police force. The Canadian government could not hope to attract settlers to the west unless an infrastructure that would support orderly settlement was set in place — land survey, a transcontinental railway, and law and order enforcement. The North-‐West Mounted Police was formed in 1873 to maintain British law and order and to be the visible symbol of Canadian sovereignty in the newly created North West Territories. When “G” Division headquarters was established in Fort Saskatchewan regular patrols took in St. Albert, superseding the settlement’s old code of law. Weekly patrols were deemed sufficient until the late 1880s. By then crime in the area had risen, probably due to the increase in the number of people in the area. It was, though, a social crisis, not a legal issue, that caused Supt. A.H. Griesbach, Commanding Officer of ‘G’ Division, to establish a detachment in St. Albert in 1888. When crops that autumn failed, starvation loomed. Griesbach sent one Corporal and one Constable to St. Albert with provisions — bacon and flour — and enough ammunition for 663 people. The N.W.M.P. hired Edmond Brosseau to build their barracks on river lots #68 and #69 in St. Albert; One lot was donated by the church and the other purchased from G. Sarrasin and Noel Delorme for $35. Later, in 1893, the Mounties purchased river lot #67 from David Chevigny for $100 as well. This placed the barracks on Ste. Anne Street between Piron and Edmonton Streets. Some 500 bricks were ordered from Humberstone’s brickyard in Edmonton for the barracks’ chimney. The $600 cost of erecting the barracks and stable was not enough to finish the job and the next year it would appear that Brosseau roofed and shingled the stable, and built an interior staircase and put up tar paper and siding on the detachment living quarters/office themselves. The barracks were, by all descriptions, cramped. A lean-‐to had to be built as a bed-‐sitting room for the unmarried Constable, and a cell was built in a corner of the ground floor that was used both as an office and the dining room for the family. Having inmates in the same room as the family was not always pleasant and by 1907 the detachment had convinced its superiors to allow the men to board in town, keeping the barracks as an office building and jail. The log building continued to serve the R.N.W.M.P. until 1910 when the decision was made to close the detachment. Perhaps the main reason was the overlapping of duties with the town’s one policeman (see below). The barracks were taken over by the Town of St. Albert as a town hall. When the town moved out of the old barracks, the building was used as a rink shack for the town’s skating rink behind Perron’s Store. Later, Charles Belcourt purchased the logs and with the help of Jim Delorme and Pierre Belcourt he built a house. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 88
March 2010 St. Albert’s newly-‐formed town council decided in December 1904 to hire its own police officer whose job it would be to enforce the town’s by-‐laws; bigger issues were left to the small detachment of R.N.W.M.P. St. Albert’s first policeman was Ernest Seymour. He was replaced two years later by Joseph Ouimet who by 1913 also had the upkeep of the town’s sidewalks and roads, maintenance of the town hall (the former R.N.W.M.P. barracks), the lighting of the street lamps and control of bawdy houses added to his list of duties. With the R.N.W.M.P. gone and the anticipated rise in crime that council felt would accompany the Interurban Railway and the operation of the coalmine, the town hired a second policeman, Mr. Guertin, in December 1913. At the end of the First World War town council found itself facing rising costs but fewer revenues due to the crash in grain prices. In a cost-‐saving measure, council decided to lay off the police force. There must have been very little crime in St. Albert at that time because council, in defending its decision, felt that the upkeep of sidewalks and roads could be handled through contract. Keeping crime at bay does seem to have been as important an issue as the town’s streets and sidewalks! However, with the return of prosperity in the mid-‐
1920s St. Albert once again hired a policeman, Hank Glensinger, in 1925. He was replaced by Vital Michelot in 1927. Interestingly, council does not appear to have laid off Michelot during the Depression. Perhaps maintaining law and order in face of perceived threats from the unemployed in town was reason enough to justify his presence. In the face of the lack of any further information it would appear that St. Albert maintained a police force until 1944 with the return to town of the R.C.M.P. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The St. Albert RCMP Building is directly associated with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. The RCMP returned to St. Albert in 1944. The detachment quarters were located in a renovated poolroom on Piron Street. This does not seem to have been satisfactory space and over the next ten years, the detachment office moved three times, renting space in buildings in the downtown core. In 1957, the three man detachment moved to a house owned by Ethel Cuts at St. Michael and Edmonton Streets, Lot 55, Plan G, Block 4 where it occupied four of the ten rooms. This arrangement left the Mounties without a jail and it is unknown what arrangements were made to detain miscreants. Eugene Perron owned a building at 18 Piron Street, Lot C, Plan 6813, E.T. Block 4 that he rented to the Town of St. Albert. The town, in turn, sub-‐let the building to the Mounties who moved into their new quarters in 1962. They vacated these quarters at the end of May 1968 to move into the Voyer Building at 20 Muir Drive so that the 12-‐man detachment could be accommodated. The St. Albert RCMP Building (Hemingway Centre) was designed in 1974 and constructed between 1974 and 1976. It remained in use as a police facility until the early 2000s. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The St. Albert RCMP Building is an example of the Modern Expressionist Style, a modern style with broad boundaries that in this case combines elements the Brutalist Style that was at the time, with some historicism that is expressed in an allusion to historical log construction. The original RCMP building at the turn of the Twentieth Century was, it is reported, accommodated in a log structure. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 89
March 2010 Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The St. Albert RCMP Building is associated with the professional reputation of architect Peter Hemingway, who is considered a master architect in Alberta during the post-‐war period – 1958 to 1990. Prior to this project, Hemingway received 2 Massey Medals, Canada’s highest award for architecture at the time. Hemingway designed three houses on Balmoral Drive, including the architect’s own house at 24 Balmoral. Hemingway, has been recognized as one of Alberta’s leading architects in the post-‐war period. He was an architectural graduate from England who formed a partnership in the 1950s with architect Charles Laubenthal. Hemingway was registered as an architect on 15 February 1956 and Laubenthal on 18 August 1954. They practiced together until the late 1960s. Hemingway continued to practice until the early 1990s. His acclaimed body of work includes the 1959 St. Albert Curling Rink, the 1961 St. Albert Town Hall and Library, the 1961 Grandin Shopping Mall, the 1970 St. Peter’s Evangelical Lutheran Church, an iconic pyramidal building, and the 1974 St. Albert RCMP Building. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The St. Albert RCMP Building is a fine, idiosyncratic example of Modern Expressionism with its historical allusions accommodated in a contemporary manner. There are no direct comparisons in the City. Hemingway designed other civic bulidings in the Brutalist Style such as the Strathcona County Administration Building in Sherwood Park Alberta Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The St. Albert RCMP Building is a building with landmark value in its prominent downtown location. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The St. Albert RCMP Building is associated with the theme of law enforcement in St. Albert, which was provided by the RCMP until 1910 and again after 1944. In the intervening period law enforcement was provided by a municipal police force. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 90
March 2010 B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The St. Albert RCMP Building is directly associated with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. The RCMP did not return to St. Albert until 1944 after leaving in 1910. In May 1873, the Parliament of Canada established a central police force, sending 150 recruits west to Manitoba. The new police force acquired the name North-‐
West Mounted Police (NWMP). In July 1874, the mounted police officers, now 275 strong, marched West, headed for southern Alberta. Between 1928 and 1950, in addition to their federal duties, the RCMP took on policing contracts in all provinces except Ontario and Quebec, while continuing to provide the only form of police service in the Yukon and Northwest Territories. The RCMP continued to provide policing services in Alberta through the years of the Second World War, and as the organization became more and better equipped with modern police tools and technology and larger in numbers, more detachments opened across the province. The detachment quarters were located in a renovated poolroom on Piron Street. The detachment office moved three times, renting space in buildings in the downtown core. In 1957, the three man detachment moved to a house owned by Ethel Cuts at St. Michael and Edmonton Streets, Lot 55, Plan G, Block 4 where it occupied four of the ten rooms. This arrangement left the Mounties without a jail and it is unknown what arrangements were made to detain miscreants. Eugene Perron owned a building at 18 Piron Street, Lot C, Plan 6813, E.T. Block 4 that he rented to the Town of St. Albert. The town, in turn, sub-‐let the building to the Mounties who moved into their new quarters in 1962. They vacated these quarters at the end of May 1968 to move into the Voyer Building at 20 Muir Drive so that the 12-‐man detachment could be accommodated. The St. Albert RCMP Building (Hemingway Centre) was designed in 1974 and constructed between 1974 and 1976. It remained in use as a police facility until the early 2000s, when it was acquired by the City of St. Albert. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The St. Albert RCMP Building is an example of the Modern Expressionist Style, a modern style with broad boundaries that in this case combines elements of the Brutalist Style, that was popular at the time, with some historicism that is expressed in an allusion to historical log construction. The original RCMP building at the turn of the Twentieth Century was, it is reported, accommodated in a log structure. The St. Albert RCMP Building is associated with the professional reputation of architect Peter Hemingway, who is considered a master architect in Alberta during the post-‐war period – 1958 to 1990. Prior to this project, Hemingway received 2 Massey Medals, Canada’s highest award for architecture at the time. Hemingway designed many buildings over the years in St. Albert since constructing his own residence at 24 Balmoral Drive in 1958. The St. Albert RCMP Building is a fine, idiosyncratic example of Modern Expressionism with its historical allusions accommodated in a contemporary manner. There are no direct comparisons in the City. Hemingway designed other civic bulidings in the Brutalist Style such as the Strathcona County Administration Building in Sherwood Park Alberta The St. Albert RCMP Building is a building with landmark value in its prominent downtown location. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 91
March 2010 INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of The St. Albert RCMP Building include its: -‐ prominent, mid-‐block location on a slightly sloping site; -‐ significant open space around the building, including a front parking lot and pastoral lawns at the side and rear; -‐ expressive one-‐storey form, scale and massing; -‐ allusion to historical log construction as expressed in sand-‐blasted concrete; -‐ integration into the site using perimeter, landscaped berms that connect the building with the landscape; -‐ strategically located glazing at the sides and rear of the building, using large expanses of glass in aluminum frames; -‐ exposed, painted metal chimney at the rear of the building on an expressive concrete base; -‐ concrete base for a former communications tower on the east side of the building; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The St. Albert RCMP Building attained its significance when occupied by the RCMP in 1974. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The St. Albert RCMP Building is in its original location dating from 1974. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of he St. Albert RCMP Building retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. There have been few changes to the original design. The design retains the majority of its original character. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the St. Albert RCMP Building retains the original relationship to surrounding landscape and streets. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of the St. Albert RCMP Building support the period of significance. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 92
March 2010 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the St. Albert RCMP Building or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association not satisfactory – The association of The St. Albert RCMP Building as a law enforcement facility has been lost. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1974 The St. Albert RCMP Building has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1974 The St. Albert RCMP Building has unsatisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1974 The St. Albert RCMP Building has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 93
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The St. Albert RCMP Building, also know as the Hemingway Centre, is a one-‐storey structure constructed between 1974 and 1976 in the Downtown neighbourhood of St. Albert, facing Sir Winston Churchill Drive. It is a modern design by Peter Hemingway Architect. The location is on a large, gently sloping, rectilinear lot. The entrance faces southeast toward a small parking lot and narrow landscaped verge beside Sir Winston Churchill Avenue. Heritage Value The St. Albert RCMP Building is an example of the Modern Expressionist Style, a modern style with broad boundaries that in this case combines elements of the Brutalist Style, that was popular at the time, with some historicism that is expressed in an allusion to historical log construction. The original RCMP building at the turn of the Twentieth Century was, it is reported, accommodated in a log structure. The St. Albert RCMP Building is associated with the professional reputation of architect Peter Hemingway, who is considered a master architect in Alberta during the post-‐war period – 1958 to 1990. Prior to this project, Hemingway received 2 Massey Medals, Canada’s highest award for architecture at the time. Hemingway designed many buildings over the years in St. Albert since constructing his own residence at 24 Balmoral Drive in 1958. The St. Albert RCMP Building is a fine, idiosyncratic example of Modern Expressionism with its historical allusions accommodated in a contemporary manner. There are no direct comparisons in the City. Hemingway designed other civic buildings in the Brutalist Style such as the Strathcona County Administration Building in Sherwood Park Alberta The St. Albert RCMP Building is a building with landmark value in its prominent downtown location. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of The St. Albert RCMP Building include its: -‐ prominent, mid-‐block location on a gently sloping site; -‐ significant open space around the building, including a front parking lot and pastoral lawns at the side and rear; -‐ expressive one-‐storey form, scale and massing; -‐ allusion to historical log construction as expressed in sand-‐blasted concrete; -‐ integration into the site using perimeter, landscaped berms that connect the building with the landscape; -‐ strategically located glazing at the sides and rear of the building, using large expanses of glass in aluminum frames; -‐ exposed, painted metal chimney at the rear of the building on an expressive concrete base; -‐ concrete base for a former communications tower on the east side of the building; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; working drawings; interview with Hemingway employees; official RCMP history http://www.rcmp-‐grc.gc.ca David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 94
March 2010 MISSION NEIGHBOURHOOD 11 Mill Drive – Single-‐Family Residence 15 Madonna Drive – Single-‐Family Residence 41 MIssion Avenue – Single-‐Family Residence 13 MIssion Avenue – Mission Park School David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 95
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION – HEBERT RESIDENCE aka 11 MILL DRIVE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Hébert Residence is a one and one half-‐storey west-‐facing, wood frame residence with a wrap-‐around veranda constructed in 1905 in the MIssion neighbourhood of St. Albert on sloping, mid-‐block site. It is a vernacular design with brick cladding and a wrap-‐around porch on the west (front) and south elevations. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Hébert Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 96
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Hébert Residence is associated with the early development of the Mission neighbourhood. The village of St. Albert, incorporated in 1899, was carved out of a number of river lots adjacent to the bridge, specifically the south parts of river lots 24-‐28 north of the river, and the north parts of lots 49-‐52 south of the Sturgeon. When the village was incorporated as a town five years later in 1904 the south boundaries appear to have remained more or less constant. The northern boundaries may have been extended somewhat, although from the available maps this is uncertain. In either case, there seems to have been only minimal formal town planning. Some log houses were built east of the mission as early as the early 1890s e.g. the Juneau house at 9 Mission Ave and another at 19 Mission. Others homes such those built by Fleuri Perron at 10 Mission th
Avenue were built in the area in the first decades of the 20 century: Joseph Lafranchise at 12 Mission in 1912 and the Hébert house at 11 Mill Drive. The town laid out a few residential streets in Mission Park in the grid pattern that still identifies this part of town as St. Albert’s earliest residential neighbourhood. The lots were typically 75' x 160' which by today’s standards are large; they certainly dwarfed the typically small two-‐
bedroom houses built on them. It is reported by the current owner that the Hébert Residence was constructed in 1905. The name comes from historical city records. The original sub-‐division plan of the river lots from 1883, has Noel Courtepatte as the owner of River Lot 26 and the Mission as the adjoining river lot. The house sits at the boundary of this subdivision. The map of 1910 has no ownership listed for any of the sub-‐divisions, while the township map of 1920 has the Youville Convent as owner. From the 1920 aerial one can see the house and there is another house / farm built adjacent to it to the west. There are smaller buildings to the south of this river lot at Mission Avenue. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. There is no information about the original owner. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Hébert Residence is a typical wood frame vernacular design, or farmhouse, from the time . It was clad in orange brick. Very few of this building types exist in St. Albert today. The foundation is brick. There is a wrap-‐
around open porch facing west and south. A tall central dormer has been incorporated into the second floor roof on the front elevation. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 97
March 2010 Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The designer and builder of the Hébert Residence are unknown. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. th
The Hébert Residence is a good example of an early 20 Century Vernacular Style farmhouse. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Hébert Residence stands out in its neighbourhood as notable local landmark. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Hébert Residence is associated with the development of the Mission neighbourhood as St. Albert’s earliest surveyed neighbourhood on a grid pattern. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The Hébert Residence is not associated with a significant person or institution. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 98
March 2010 The Hébert Residence is a good example of the Vernacular Style farmhouse and is a rare historic resource in St. Albert. Few residences of this type exist to this day. It has a distinctive appearance that is characterized by its one and one half-‐storey height, brick cladding, steeply-‐ptiched roof, central front dormer and wrap-‐
around porch. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Hébert Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location, on a high elevation in the Mission neighbourhood; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one and one half storey building height; -‐ steeply-‐pitched roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ exterior brick finish: -‐ pattern of wood hung windows; -‐ wrap-‐around open porch; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Hébert Residence is significant for when it was designed and built in 1905. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Hébert Residence is in its original location dating from 1905. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of The Hébert Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. There have been no significant changes to the original design. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of The Hébert Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 99
March 2010 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this house support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of The Hébert Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of The Hébert Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of Mission neighbourhood, remains intact. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1905 The Hébert Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1905 The Hébert Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1905 The Hébert Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 100
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Hébert Residence is a one and one half-‐storey west-‐facing, brick clad residence with a wrap-‐around veranda. It was constructed in 1905 in the MIssion neighbourhood of St. Albert on an elevated site overlooking the Sturgeon River Valley. Heritage value The Hébert Residence is associated with the development of the Mission neighbourhood as St. Albert’s earliest surveyed neighbourhood on a grid pattern. The Hébert Residence is a good example of the Vernacular Style farmhouse and is a rare historic resource in St. Albert. Few residences of this type exist to this day. It has a distinctive appearance that is characterized by its one and one half-‐storey height, brick cladding, steeply-‐ptiched roof, central front dormer and wrap-‐
around porch. The Hébert Residence stands out in its neighbourhood as notable local landmark. Character-‐defining elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Hébert Residence include its: -‐ mid-‐block location, on a high elevation in the Mission neighbourhood; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one and one half storey building height; -‐ steeply-‐pitched roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ exterior brick finish: -‐ pattern of wood hung windows; -‐ wrap-‐around open porch; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; owner interview; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 101
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –SEVIGNY RESIDENCE aka 15 MADONNA DRIVE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Sevigny Residence is a two-‐storey west-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1885 in the MIssion neighbourhood of St. Albert on sloping, corner site. It is a vernacular design from the period with a projecting two-‐storey bay on the front elevation that acommodates the main entrance. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Sevigny Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 102
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. This house was constructed in or about 1885 and is associated with the early settlement of the Mission neighbourhood in St. Albert. The village of St. Albert, incorporated in 1899, was carved out of a number of river lots adjacent to the bridge, specifically the south parts of river lots 24-‐28 north of the river, and the north parts of lots 49-‐52 south of the Sturgeon. When the village was incorporated as a town five years later in 1904 the south boundaries appear to have remained more or less constant. The northern boundaries may have been extended somewhat, although from the available maps this is uncertain. In either case, there seems to have been only minimal formal town planning. Some log houses were built east of the mission as early as the early 1890s e.g. the Juneau house at 9 Mission Ave and another at 19 Mission. Others homes th
such those built by Fleuri Perron at 10 Mission Avenue were built in the area in the first decades of the 20 century: Joseph Lafranchise at 12 Mission in 1912 and the Hébert house at 11 Mill Drive. The town laid out a few residential streets in Mission Park in the grid pattern that still identifies this part of town as St. Albert’s earliest residential neighbourhood. The lots were typically 75' x 160' which by today’s standards are large; they certainly dwarfed the typically small two-‐bedroom houses built on them. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners and builders of the house are not known. The house was apparently constructed by “Menard”. Elzear Sevigny, a retired farmer, and his wife Ida moved into this house in 1915. Ida continued to live here until 1940. The Haupman family who owned and ran the Bruin Inn purchased the house in 1948 and lived here until the mid 1980s. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Sevigny Residence is an example of a Vernacular Style farmhouse, of which there are few remaining in St. Albert. The design, style and construction are common for their time. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The builder of The Sevigny Residence is known as “Menard”. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 103
March 2010 High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Sevigny Residence does not have high artistic value. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Sevigny Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Sevigny Residence is associated with the early development of the Mission neighbourhood. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The Sevigny Residence is not associated with a significant person or institution. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Sevigny Residence is a rare remaining example of a Vernacular Style farmhouse within the City of St. Albert. The design, style and construction are common for their time. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 104
March 2010 INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Sevigny Residence include its: -‐ corner location, on a sloping site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one and one half storey height; -‐ steeply sloping roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ projecting front bay that incorporates the front entrance; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of fixed and opening windows in the facades, and hung sashes; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Sevigny Residence is significant for when it was occupied by the Sevigny Family in 1915. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Sevigny Residence is in its original location dating. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Sevigny Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form and massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Sevigny Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Unsatisfactory – The original siding has been removed or covered with vinyl siding. The windows are original. 5. Workmanship Marginal – The remaining workmanship and craft of the Sevigny Residence marginally support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the Sevigny Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is satisfactory. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Sevigny Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of MIssion neighbourhood, remains intact. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 105
March 2010 INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1915 The Sevigny Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1915 The Sevigny Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1915 The Sevigny Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Sevigny Residence is a two-‐storey west-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1885 in the MIssion neighbourhood of St. Albert on sloping, corner site. It is a vernacular design from the period with a projecting two-‐storey bay on the front elevation that acommodates the main entrance. Heritage value The Sevigny Residence is associated with the early surveyed development of the Mission neighbourhood. The Sevigny Residence is a rare example of a Vernacular Style farmhouse, of which there are few remaining in St. Albert. The design, style and construction are common for their time. Character-‐defining elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Sevigny Residence include its: -‐ corner location, on a sloping site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing; -‐ one and and one half storey height; -‐ steeply sloping roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ projecting front bay that incorporates the front entrance; -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of fixed and opening windows in the facades, and hung sashes; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; City of St. Albert David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 106
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –GERRIE RESIDENCE aka 41 MISSION AVENUE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Gerrie Residence is a one-‐storey south-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1958 in the MIssion neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique flat roof modern bungalow located on a flat corner lot, adjacent to Mission Place, with rear/side drive garage access. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Gerrie Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 107
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 7. Urban Development 7.B. Creating Community; 7.B.1 Urban Life; 7.B.1.d Neighbourhoods 7.B.5 Surroundings; 7.B.5.h Exemplary Structures (for high quality design including common building types) Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The Leduc discovery in February 1947 heralded tremendous changes for the province and for St. Albert. As Edmonton began its long period of growth, St. Albert basked in the capital’s shadow. In 1945 a plan of the town was drawn up. In 1949, in the first annexation since becoming a town in 1904, St. Albert extended its boundaries southeastward taking in the Sturgeon neighbourhood, and northward expanding Mission Park’s boundaries and taking in part of what is now Lacombe Park. The Gerrie Residence was constructed as part of the first wave of new development in the expanded Mission neighbourhood. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners and builder of the house was Stanley George Gerrie who acquired the property on August 20, 1956. Elizabeth Jean Gerrie became the owner in 1966 after the death of her husband. She continued to own the house until 1989 and is reported, on the title, to be a resident of Calgary. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Gerrie Residence is an example of a unique modern house influenced by the International Style, typified by a flat roof, wide overhangs and stucco wall cladding. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The designer and builder of the Gerrie Residence is unknown. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Gerrie Residence is a fine example of the Modern Bungalow Style, influenced by the International Style. Although probably designed by a non-‐professional, and perhaps from a pattern book, this residence reveals an understanding of modern domestic architecture. The house stands out as one of the few examples of this early type of modernism in the Mission Park neighbourhood. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 108
March 2010 Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Gerrie Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Gerrie Residence is associated with the development of the Mission Park neighbourhood after the town boundaries were expanded in 1949. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The Gerrie Residence is not associated with a significant person or institution. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Gerrie Residence is a unique version of the Modern Bungalow Style influenced by the International Style and embodies typical characteristics such as a flat roof, broad overhangs and stucco cladding. This house could be a standard plan, that would have been available through pattern books and lumber yards. It is an excellent example of a common residential type. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 109
March 2010 CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Gerrie Residence include its: -‐ corner location, adjacent to a Mission Place on a flat site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey; -‐ flat roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ exterior stucco finishes: -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of fixed and opening windows in the facades, with hung sashes; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Gerrie Residence is significant for when it was designed and built in or about 1958. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Gerrie Residence is in its original location dating from 1958. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Gerrie Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. There have been no significant changes to the original design. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Gerrie Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this residence support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the Gerrie Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the Gerrie Residence as a single family house, representing the early development of Sturgeon neighbourhood, remains intact. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 110
March 2010 INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1958 The Gerrie Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1958 The Gerrie Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1958 The Gerrie Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Gerrie Residence is a one-‐storey south-‐facing, wood frame residence constructed in or about 1958 in the MIssion neighbourhood of St. Albert. It is a unique flat roof modern bungalow located on a flat corner lot, adjacent to Mission Place, with rear drive garage access. Heritage Value The Gerrie Residence is associated with the development of the Mission Park neighbourhood after the town boundaries were expanded in 1949. The Gerrie Residence is a unique version of the Modern Bungalow Style influenced by the International Style and embodies typical characteristics such as a flat roof, broad overhangs and stucco cladding. This house could be a standard plan, that would have been available through pattern books and lumber yards. It is an excellent example of a common residential type. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Gerrie Residence include its: -‐ corner location, adjacent to a Mission Place on a flat site; -‐ residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one storey; -‐ flat roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ exterior stucco finishes: -‐ wood frame wall construction; -‐ pattern of fixed and opening windows in the facades, with hung sashes; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 111
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION – MISSION PARK SCHOOL aka PERCY PAGE CENTRE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Mission Park School, also originally known as St. Albert High School and later as the Percy Page Centre, is a two-‐storey structure completed in 1952 in the Mission neighbourhood of St. Albert, facing Mission Avenue at the intersection with Perron Street. It is a modern design on a large, flat site, at the base of Mission Hill facing downtown and the Sturgeon River. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Mission Park School is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 112
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 15: Education 15.A. Education System; 15.A.5. Types of Education; 15A.5.a Public; Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. Mission Park School is associated with the theme of education in St. Albert. The early schools in St. Albert were located on or very near Mission Hill and were under the tutelage of the Grey Nuns. In 1933 the public schools were transferred from the church to a lay administration, ending nearly 70 years of church-‐run schools in St. Albert. A burgeoning post-‐war student population prompted the local School Board to build a new school, St. Albert High School, in 1947, now known as Mission Park School. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The Mission Park School is associated with the Public School System in St. Albert which was established in 1933, but maintained a strong relationship to the Roman Catholic Church. The Protestant Separate School System was formed in 1958. In 1939 the Sturgeon School Division was formed through the amalgamation of 85 individual districts. But it wasn’t until 1947 that the St. Albert School District No. 3 was rolled in under the Sturgeon School Division No. 24. This necessitated the formation of two school boards, the Divisional School Board and the Local School Board. Mr. E. Meaden was the secretary of the Divisional Board, a position he continued to hold until 1961. Br. A.B. Blair remained as the secretary of the Local School Board. At this time, all one-‐room schoolhouses in the Division were closed and all high school students were bussed into St. Albert where this 8 classroom school was built on Mission Avenue for the rural students. When, in 1957, the Sturgeon School Division was divided and the St. Albert School District No. 3 restored, the Mission Park school became the property of the Sturgeon School Division No. 24 so all rural elementary students continued to be bussed there. In 1960, the school population of the Divisional School stood at 157. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Style, type or method of construction Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. Completed on 1952, The Mission Park School is an example of a simple, modern, International Style building which is exemplified by a flat roof with no overhangs, large wood-‐frame windows that originally accommodated awning opening sashes, simple stucco cladding and an articulated entrance canopy. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The designer of the Mission Park School is unknown. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 113
March 2010 High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Mission Park School, then first school of its type in St. Albert, is a good example of an early modern school, with International Style influences. It precedes the later St. Albert schools that are stylistically similar. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Mission Park School is a building with landmark value in its prominent Mission Avenue location at the foot of Perron Street. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Mission Park School is significant for being the first purpose-‐built high school built in St. Albert after the establishment of the Public School System in St. Albert in 1933. It was the first school to offer green chalkboards, built-‐in lockers and linoleum floors. The eight-‐classroom school included an Industrial Arts shop, a typing room, a laboratory and a gym complete with stage. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The Mission Park School is associated with the St. Albert School District Public School System which was the only school system at the time until the establishment of the Protestant Separate School District No. 6 in 1957. In St. Albert, the Catholic schools comprise the “public” system and the Protestant schools comprise the “separate” system, unlike the remainder of the province. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Mission Park School is a good example of an early modern school, with International Style influences. The Mission Park School is a building with landmark value in its prominent Mission Avenue location at the foot of Perron Street. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 114
March 2010 INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the Mission Park School include its: -‐ prominent location at the base of Mission Hill and at the foot Perron Street; -‐ significant open space around the building; -‐ two-‐storey form, scale and massing; -‐ flat roof; -‐ pattern of large multi-‐sash windows; -‐ stucco cladding; -‐ unique entrance canopy feature; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Mission Park School attained its significance while used as a secondary school from 1952 to 1973. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Mission Park School is in its original location dating. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the Mission Park School retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the Mission Park School retains the original relationship to surrounding streets and houses. 4. Materials Marginal – The original windows have been replaced, otherwise there has been relatively little alteration to the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of the Mission Park School support the period of significance. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 115
March 2010 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the Mission Park School or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is very good. 7. Association not satisfactory – The association of the Mission Park School as a secondary school facility has been lost. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1952-‐1973 The Mission Park School has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1952-‐1973 The Mission Park School has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1952-‐1973 The Mission Park School has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 116
March 2010 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Mission Park School, also originally known as St. Albert High School and later as the Percy Page Centre, is a two-‐storey structure completed in 1952 in the Mission neighbourhood of St. Albert, facing Mission Avenue at the intersection with Perron Street. It is a modern design on a large, flat site, at the base of Mission Hill facing downtown and the Sturgeon River. Heritage Value The Mission Park School is significant for being the first purpose-‐built high school built in St. Albert after the establishment of the Public School System in 1933. It was the first school to offer green chalkboards, built-‐in lockers and linoleum floors. The eight-‐classroom school included an Industrial Arts shop, a typing room, a laboratory and a gym complete with stage. The Mission Park School is associated with the St. Albert School District Public School System which was the only school system at the time until the establishment of the Protestant Separate School District No. 6 in 1957. In St. Albert, the Catholic schools comprise the “public” system and the Protestant schools comprise the “separate” system, unlike the remainder of the province. The Mission Park School is a good example of an early modern school, with International Style influences. The Mission Park School is a building with landmark value in its prominent Mission Avenue location at the foot of Perron Street. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of The St. Albert RCMP Building include its: -‐ prominent location at the base of Mission Hill and at the foot Perron Street; -‐ significant open space around the building; -‐ two-‐storey form, scale and massing; -‐ flat roof; -‐ pattern of large multi-‐sash windows; -‐ stucco cladding; -‐ unique entrance canopy feature; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; City of St. Albert David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 117
March 2010 RURAL ST. ALBERT Single Barn on RR260 south of Villeneuve (Highway 633) McDonald Residence west of RR260, north of Meadowview Drive David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 118
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION –SINGLE BARN ON RANGE ROAD 260 RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is a two-‐storey traditional wood-‐frame barn with a tall arched cedar shingle-‐clad roof, drop siding, multiple paired wood windows and 2 roof-‐top ventilators. The long side of the barn faces east toward Range Road 260 and west toward Carot Creek which is the western boundary of St. Albert. The barn is located ½ mile south of Highway 633 (Villeneuve Road). EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 119
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 6 Agricultural Development 6.A.5. Farmstead 6.A.5.a Farm Buildings and Structures Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. The date for the construction of this farm has not been determined. Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The original builder of this barn has not been determined. The property was purchased by Martin Mathiason on June 16, 1906. It was subsequently purchased by John P. Unterschuetz (sic) on February 20, 1930. The property was subsequently acquired by William R. Unterschultz on February 20, 1967. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is a typical example of a common historical building type in Alberta. The historic wood-‐frame arched-‐roof tradition barns are becoming rarer as a building type. This is a good example of the type and in relatively good condition, within the municipal boundaries of St. Albert. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. Typically, traditional wood barns are a common design and not attributable to any particular designer. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is a fine example of the traditional large barn. It was probably used to house milk cows and has a tall hay loft on the second story. This barn has handsome proportions and all the detailing one would expect to see on this type of structure. Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 120
March 2010 Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is notable landmark in the diminishing rural landscape of west St. Albert. MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is associated with the historical development of farming in proximity to the (then) Town of St. Albert. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The original owner and builder of the barn has not been determined. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is significant for its traditional barn style. With its handsome proportions, it is a fine example of this common building type. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 121
March 2010 Key elements that define the heritage character of the Single Barn on Range Road 260 include its: -‐ location on a farmstead near the edge of Carrot Creek and ½ mile south of Highway 633; -‐ rural form, scale and massing, as expressed by its two storey height, with a low ceiling height for the cow stalls and a tall ceiling overhead reflected by the arched roof for the hay loft; -‐ the exterior cladding materials consisting of painted drop siding and cedar shingles; -‐ the repetition of paired wood, fixed sash windows that reflect the interior cow stalls; -‐ the large barn doors at either end and the symmetrical window layout; -‐ the two wood ventilators on the roof ridge; PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The Single Barn on Range Road 260 (to be completed). ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is in its original location. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the barn retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, wall layout, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. A one-‐storey concrete block addition has been added to the east side.. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the barn retains the original relationship to the surrounding farmstead. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been relatively little alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this barn support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the barn or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is excellent. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the barn as a central farm building, representing the early development of farms in proximity to St. Albert, remains intact. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 122
March 2010 A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance The Single Barn on Range Road 260 has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. B. Institution / Person Period of Significance The Single Barn on Range Road 260 has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance The Single Barn on Range Road 260 has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is a two-‐storey traditional wood-‐frame barn with a tall arched cedar shingle-‐clad roof, drop siding, multiple paired wood windows and 2 roof-‐top ventilators. The long side of the barn faces east toward Range Road 260 and west toward Carot Creek which is the western boundary of St. Albert. The barn is located ½ mile south of Highway 633 (Villeneuve Road). Heritage Value The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is associated with the historical development of farming in proximity to the (then) Town of St. Albert. The original owner and builder of the barn has not been determined. The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is significant for its traditional barn style. With its handsome proportions, it is a fine example of this common building type. The Single Barn on Range Road 260 is notable landmark in the diminishing rural landscape of west St. Albert. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the Single Barn on Range Road 260 include its: -‐ location on a farmstead near the edge of Carrot Creek and ½ mile south of Highway 633; -‐ rural form, scale and massing, as expressed by its two storey height, with a low ceiling height for the cow stalls and a tall ceiling overhead reflected by the arched roof for the hay loft; -‐ the exterior cladding materials consisting of painted drop siding and cedar shingles; -‐ the repetition of paired wood, fixed sash windows that reflect the interior cow stalls; -‐ the large barn doors at either end and the symmetrical window layout; -‐ the two wood ventilators on the roof ridge; Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; historical land titles; David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 123
March 2010 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION – McDONALD RESIDENCE RESOURCE DESCRIPTION The McDonald Residence is a one and one half-‐storey south-‐facing, clad, log residence constructed in or about 1895 and moved to its present location adjacent to Carrot Creek in the middle of former River Lot 8 in 1913, in the west rural area of the municipality of St. Albert. EXCLUSIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The McDonald Residence is eligible for inclusion on the Municipal Heritage Inventory. SIGNIFICANCE Assessing the significance of a resource involves three steps: 2.1 Which Significance Criteria apply? 2.2 What is the context of the resource? 2.3 Does the resource have municipal significance? David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 124
March 2010 CONTEXT From the document “In Time and Place”, the following themes apply to this site: Theme 6. Agricultural Development 6.A. Modes of Production; 6.A.5 Farmstead; 6.A.5.b Domestic Buildings 6.B. Elements of Rural Life; 6.B.1. Land Holdings; 6.B.1.a. Land Surveys; 6.B.1.b. Settlement Patterns Context Criterion A: Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event In what historical context did the theme, activity, cultural practice or event take place? Explain how the event or pattern of events contributed to the history of the municipality and how related types of resources reflect these events. St. Albert was founded long before the square township system was imposed on the land; indeed, St. Albert was settled several years even before the Hudson’s Bay Company relinquished its rights over the western prairies to Canada in 1869. The only administrative system and rule of law prior to the transfer was that imposed by the Hudson’s Bay Company. As the Company was not in the business of land development – quite the opposite – how land was divided and ownership claimed was left to those taking up land. In other words, there were no rules to govern land ownership. In planning the St. Albert settlement, Father Lacombe staked river lots, a system of land tenure that had been used in Quebec. “There can be no doubt that the French and Métis of French descent were influential in the establishment of river lots throughout the prairies.” But the river lots were not exclusively used by those of French blood. English Métis also settled on river lots as witnessed at the Red River Settlement and at Fort Victoria. Each lot fronted on a body of water, be that a river or a lake, and extended back from the water’s edge one to three miles. Often, the lots were irregular in shape as they conformed to local topography. There were distinct advantages to the river lot system. In communities where roads or trails were few, rivers and lakes formed natural lines of communication and transportation. Too, the river lots ensured that everyone had access to water. The main trails ran parallel to the water’s edge thereby connecting most of the houses. This allowed people to live closer together which was in sharp contrast to the settlement patterns that emerged after the square township system was imposed on most of western Canada. The first preliminary survey of the river lots at St. Albert was carried out in 1878, but the official survey had to wait until 1882-‐83. When, in 1882, government surveyors began surveying square townships, anxious locals were assured that this measure was just preliminary so that the townships beyond the settlement could be surveyed, and that a survey of their river lots would be carried out later. However, when Ottawa rejected such a survey carried out by M. Deane in 1882 on a technicality, the settlers feared that they would be forced into the township system. So determined were they not to have their community destroyed by the township survey, the settlers collected money to send Father Leduc and Daniel Maloney to Ottawa. There, the two men were able to extract promises that ensured that a survey of the river lots would be completed that same year, 1883. By August 1884, 250 lots had been surveyed. This survey was extended again in 1885 to include those lots in either direction that had not been included in the original survey, effectively doubling the size of the community to 500 lots, 250 on each side of the bridge. The surveys did not settle all land disputes so in 1910 yet another survey was carried out on the marsh lands on the north shore of Big Lake so “that they may be placed on sale.” Looking at the 1883 Plan of St. Albert Settlement it is immediately clear that the lot boundaries did not necessarily run parallel to each other. Along most of Big Lake and along the Sturgeon River, the long axis of the lots ran in a north-‐south direction. The north-‐south lot lines, though, changed direction and ran east-‐
west along the Little Sturgeon River where flows into Big Lake from the north, shifting their orientation with the river. Because there had not been a proper survey done by the church, the lot lines were not perfectly perpendicular to the water frontages so the surveyors had to account for the ownership of the improvements made to the land, thus addressing most of the disputes over ownership that had arisen. In 1885, Alex McDonald purchased River Lot 8, adjacent to the Sturgeon River and north of Big Lake. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 125
March 2010 Context Criterion B: Institution / Person What is the historical context of the institution or person associated with this resource? Explain the role of the person in the history of the municipality. Identify other resources associated with the person and explain their role in the person’s career. The first owners and builders of the McDonald House were Alexander and Sarah McDonald. Alex came to the Edmonton area in 1892 and decided to stay. He purchased some land near Edmonton in 1892. He met his future wife Sarah in 1893 and they were married in 1894. They were deeply religious Roman Catholics. River Lot 8 was purchased in 1895 and they built a log house. They ran a family farm there until the 1940s. The present house is reputed to be the original log house that was moved to this new location at the centre of lot 8, adjacent to Carrot Creek, in 1913. Alex died of a stroke on December 28, 1940 at the age of 71. Sarah remained on the farm with family until her death on March 24, 1945. The farm remained in the family for many years after. Criterion C: Design / Style / Construction What is the historical context of the building form, architectural style, engineering technique, artistic value, material, method of construction or local area development (district) associated with this resource? Explain why the type, period or method of construction represents architectural features that are significant in the development of the municipality. The McDonald Residence is an example of a Vernacular Style farmhouse. It is reputed to be of log construction dating from 1895. Currently it is clad in painted drop siding. Work of a master Provide facts about the career and work of the artist, architect, engineer or landscape architect to explain how accomplished the person was in his or her field and how he or she contributed to the art, architecture or landscape architecture of the municipality. The McDonald Residence is not the work of a master. High artistic value Describe the quality of artistry or craftsmanship in comparable works in the municipality. The McDonald Residence is a good example of a Vernacular Style farmhouse typified by its one and one half-‐
storey construction, steeply pitched gable roof with integrated dormers, drop siding cladding and wood hung windows Criterion D: Information Potential What is the historical context for the research topic that this resource and its physical materials could potentially address? Explain why the information the site is likely to yield is important to the knowledge of the prehistory or history of the municipality. This site does not reveal important knowledge about the history of the municipality. Criterion E: Landmark / Symbolic Value In what historical context did this resource acquire its landmark or symbolic value? Describe the historical events associated with the resource and the geographical situation of the resource in the municipality. Provide information about how and why it acquired its landmark or symbolic value and indicate its relationship to other similar resources in the municipality. The McDonald Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 126
March 2010 MUNICIPAL SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT To merit inclusion on the St. Albert Municipal Register, a resource must be significant within a municipal context. Simple association with one or more of the Significance Criteria is not sufficient. The association must be important. In addition, this important association must be documented. A resource is not eligible for consideration if its associations are speculative. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Criterion A recognizes resources associated with historically significant events, activities, cultural practices or themes in the municipality. The McDonald Residence is associated with the development of the rural areas around the St. Albert settlement in the late Nineteenth Century and with the river lot survey system of the land adjacent to the Sturgeon River. B. Institution / Person Criterion B applies to properties associated with institutions or persons whose specific contributions are demonstrably important in a local or municipal historic context. This criterion is generally restricted to resources that illustrate (rather than commemorate) a person’s important achievements. The McDonald Residence is associated with a the McDonald family, a typical Catholic farm family from the time, who successfully farmed River Lot 8 for many years. C. Design / Style / Construction This criterion applies to resources that are significant for their physical design or construction, including such elements as architecture, landscape design, engineering and artwork. The McDonald Residence is a good example of a Vernacular Style farmhouse typified by its one and one half-‐
storey construction, steeply pitched gable roof with integrated dormers and drop siding cladding. It is reported that this may be the original log house that McDonald is reported to have built and moved to this location. The evidence of this does not currently show, so further investigation is required. INTEGRITY Assessing the integrity of a resource involves three steps: 1. Identify the resource’s character-‐defining elements, and determine whether they are visible enough to convey their significance. 2. Determine which aspects of integrity are applicable to the criterion the resource is being evaluated under and if the resource retains those aspects of integrity. 3. Determine whether the resource has integrity. CHARACTER-‐DEFINING ELEMENTS Character-‐defining elements are the materials, forms, location and spatial configurations that contribute to the significance of a resource. These elements must be retained in order to preserve the resource’s heritage value. Key elements that define the heritage character of the McDonald Residence include its: -‐ rural location, adjacent to Carrot Creek on the former River Lot 8; -‐ simple residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one and one half storeys; -‐ steeply pitched gable roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ exterior painted drop siding: -‐ pattern of wood hung windows; -‐ central brick chimney near the south wall. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 127
March 2010 PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE The McDonald Residence is significant for when it was relocated to be adjacent to Carrot Creek. This believed to be 1913. ASPECTS OF INTEGRITY In order to determine if an historic resource retains it ability to communicate its significance, it is helpful to consider seven “aspects of integrity.” To decide which of these aspects of integrity are most applicable to a particular resource, you must first understand its significance and its character-‐defining elements. 1. Location Satisfactory -‐ The McDonald Residence is in its second location dating from 1913. 2. Design Satisfactory – The design of the McDonald Residence retains its original exterior characteristics of form, massing, roof configuration, pattern of windows and entrances. There appear to have been no significant changes to the original design. 3. Environment Satisfactory -‐ The physical setting of the McDonald Residence retains the original relationship to surrounding landscape and farmyard. 4. Materials Satisfactory – There has been some alteration to or replacement of the original exterior materials. The north wall is clad in plywood which may indicate a former addition that has been subsequently removed. Some windows have been replaced and a garage has been semi-‐attached at the NW corner. 5. Workmanship Satisfactory – The remaining workmanship and craft of this house support the period of significance. 6. Feeling Satisfactory – The feeling of the McDonald Residence or its ability to convey the aesthetic or historic sense of the period of significance, is fair. 7. Association Satisfactory – The association of the McDonald Residence as a farmhouse, representing the early development of Sturgeon neighbourhood, remains intact. INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT Does the resource retain its ability to convey its historic significance? Having identified the resource’s character-‐defining elements and the applicable aspects of integrity, it remains to determine whether the resource does or does not have integrity. In most cases this is a question of degree, since few resources will remain exactly as they were during their Period of Significance. The task is to determine if what remains is sufficient to embody the Significance Criteria selected for the resource and therefore sufficient to communicate its heritage value. It is important to note that for all Significance Criteria, the integrity of the resource is tied to its Period of Significance. Any feature which disappeared before this period or was added later cannot be a character-‐defining element. A. Theme / Activity / Cultural Practice / Event Period of Significance 1913 The McDonald Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 128
March 2010 B. Institution / Person Period of Significance 1913 The McDonald Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance C. Design / Style / Construction Period of Significance 1913 The McDonald Residence has satisfactory integrity to be able to support these significance criteria in reference to the Period of Significance. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Description of Resource The McDonald Residence is a one and one half-‐storey south-‐facing, drop siding clad, (possible) log residence constructed in or about 1895 and moved to its present location adjacent to Carrot Creek in the middle of former River Lot 8 in 1913, in the west rural area of the municipality of St. Albert. Heritage Value The McDonald Residence is associated with the development of the rural areas around the St. Albert settlement in the late Nineteenth Century and with the river lot survey system of the land adjacent to the Sturgeon River. The McDonald Residence is associated with a the McDonald family, a typical Cathiolic farm family from the time, who successfully farmed River Lot 8 for many years. The McDonald Residence is a good example of an early vernacular farmhouse typified by its one and one half-‐storey construction, steeply pitched gable roof with integrated dormers and drop siding cladding. The McDonald Residence is not a building with notable landmark value. Character-‐defining Elements Key elements that define the heritage character of the McDonald Residence include its: -‐ rural location, adjacent to Carrot Creek on the former River Lot 8; -‐ simple residential form, scale and massing, as expressed by its one and one half storeys; -‐ steeply pitched gable roof with overhanging eaves; -‐ exterior painted drop siding: -‐ pattern of wood hung windows; -‐ central brick chimney near the south wall. Data Sources: St. Albert Historical Context Paper 2010, by Jane Ross; City of St. Albert files David Murray Architect with HIP Architects 129

st. albert heritage inventory

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