Report of activities IHP 2004-2005 english

Regional Bureau for Science
in Latin America and the Caribbean
United Nations
Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization
International
Hydrological
Programme
UNESCO International Hydrological Programme
for Latin America and the Caribbean
IHP-VI / REPORT
UNESCO Regional Office for Science for Latin America and the Caribbean, Montevideo, Uruguay.
REPORT
Report of the implementation of the
International Hydrological Programme
for Latin America and the Caribbean
(IHP-LAC) (2004-2005)
No8/ENG
UNESCO INTERNATIONAL HYDROLOGICAL PROGRAMME
FOR
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
(IHP-LAC)
Report of activities 2004-2005
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13-14 October, 2005
Foreword
This report presents the activities carried out within the context of the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) International Hydrological
Programme (IHP) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) during the period 2004-2005
corresponding to the second biennium of the IHP VI Phase: “Water Interactions: Systems at
risk and social challenges”.
The document consists of 3 parts. The first part refers to the 2004-2005 report of the Regional
Hydrologist for Latin America and the Caribbean (RH-LAC) to the VI IHP National Committees
(NatComs) and Focal Points (FPs) Regional Meeting (Montego Bay, Jamaica, October 13-14,
2005). This report is followed by the Executive Summary presented by the Regional
Coordinators of the IHP Programmes and Working Groups in LAC. Finally, the reports provided
by the Member States are reproduced.
Complementary information and reference materials are given in the annexed documents.
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Table of Contents
Foreword
Part I:
Report of the Regional Hydrologist for Latin America and the
Caribbean
Introduction
Report of the Regional Hydrologist, Ms. M.C. Donoso
List of IHP-LAC activities 2004-2005
Part II:
Executive Summaries presented by IHP-LAC Programmes and
Working Groups Regional Coordinators
CAZALAC- Water Center for Arid and Semiarid Regions of Latin America and
the Caribbean
ECOHYDROLOGY
FRIEND- Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data
HELP- Hydrology for Environment Life and Policy
UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas – Transboundary Aquifers of the Americas
ISI- International Sedimentation Initiative
PccP- From Potential Conflict to Co-operation Potential
Snow, Ice and Glaciers
Water and Culture
Water and Education
Water Balance
WHYMAP- World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping and Assessment Programme
Part III: Reports of activities presented by Member States
Bahamas
Barbados
Brazil
Chile
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Mexico
Netherland Antilles
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Annexes Annex 1. List of Acronyms
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UNESCO INTERNATIONAL HYDROLOGICAL PROGRAMME
FOR
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
(IHP-LAC)
Part I:
Report of the Regional Hydrologist for
Latin America and the Caribbean
presented by Ms. María Concepción Donoso
Montego Bay, Jamaica
October 13-14, 2005
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Introduction
The International Hydrological Programme (IHP), UNESCO´s intergovernmental scientific cooperative programme in water resources, is a vehicle through which Member States can
upgrade their knowledge of the water cycle and thereby increase their capacity to better
manage and develop their water resources.
It also aims at the improvement of the scientific and technological basis for the development of
methods for the rational management of water resources, including the protection of the
environment.
Recently, with the increased presence of the social science component, IHP has become a truly
inter-disciplinary programme capitalizing on the recognition that the solution of the world
water problems is not just a technical issue.
The sixth phase of the IHP that comprises the period 2002-2007 deals with the theme “Water
Interactions: Systems at risk and social challenge”.
The biennium 2004-2005 corresponds to the second programmatic period of the sixth phase.
During the biennium, four main lines of action were developed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Global change and water: advancing hydrological sciences for improved assessment
Water for Human Needs
Water education and capacity-building for sustainable development and security
Land-water interactions: towards sustainable development
In the framework of these main lines of action, different activity areas suitable for each region
have been implemented. This report presents the obtained results for the activity areas being
developed in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Report of the Regional Hydrologist for
Latin America and the Caribbean to the
VI Meeting of the UNESCO-IHP Latin America and the
Caribbean National Committees and Focal Points
Main Line of Action 1: Global change and water: advancing hydrological
sciences for improved assessment
A1. Activity area: Hydrologic sensitivity to climatic, social, and economic conditions
This activity aims at the assessment of water-related stress under different climatic and socioeconomic conditions in LAC. Within this context, the IHP-LAC has supported ongoing Climate
Outlook Forums periodically held in the region. These forums gather representatives of the
Meteorological and Hydrological services of LAC countries. The objective is to use national
climatic experience to elaborate a regional consensus for the climate outlook. An EnglishSpanish manual: "Use of a Contingency Table for Climatic Applications" and the application
(CD) was published to be used for training purposes to facilitate forecasting climate during the
Forums.
The Conference of the Parties (COP10) of the United Nations Convention for Climate Change, a
key intergovernmental event addressing climate change and related issues, took place in
Buenos Aires, Argentina, 11-12 December, 2004. In parallel to the COP10 the Development
and Adaptation Days event addressed the mechanisms in place or developing by the different
sectors to adapt to climate change. One of the sensitive sectors is the Health sector, in
particular in relation to water related issues. The IHP-LAC, through its Regional Hydrologist,
was invited to present an analysis on the relation "Water and Health" within the context of
discussing potential actions of the sector for adapting to Climate Change. Wide dissemination
was given to this activity through the IISD reporting services.
To promote various activities within the Americas humid tropics, IHP supported participants to
the Fourth International Implementation Planning Meeting for the Coordinated Enhanced
Observing Period (CEOP) and the First Integrated Global Observing Strategy Partners (IGOS-P)
Integrated Global Water Cycle Observations Theme (IGWCO) Workshop which took place at
the University of Tokyo, Japan, 28th Feb. - 4th March, 2005.
The execution/up-dating of the assessment of Water Resources (New Generation of Water
Balances) in the LAC region is being developed through a common methodology adopted
during the First Extended Meeting of the Group of Experts on Water Resources Assessment of
Latin America and the Caribbean that took place in San Jose, Costa Rica, 24-26 May, 2004. In
the framework of the meetings planned by the Water Balance Working Group for the Southern
Cone (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay) the “Thematic Workshop of the Water
Balance Working Group and Evaluation of the Various Usages of the Resource” was held in
Montevideo, Uruguay, 18-19 April, 2005 in order to establish the workplan for the region. The
Water Balance of the La Plata watershed will be carried out under the IHP regional water
balance group. It is expected that this effort will be part of the “Framework Programme for the
Sustainable Management of the Water Resources of the La Plata Basin in relation to the
hydrologic effects of the variation and climate change” coordinated by the Inter-Institutional
Commission of the La Plata Basin (CIC, Comité Intergubernamental Coordinador de los Países
de la Cuenca del Plata). This activity will be part of the La Plata Basin project being proposed
for GEF funding (Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2 March, 2005). Presently all of the Latin American
countries are engaged in or have completed their Water Balances.
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A2. Activity area: Transboundary Aquifer Systems
The expected result for this activity is to improve the coordination in Transboundary Aquifer
Systems management through the development of policies and improved management. In this
framework UNESCO, with its partner the Organization of the American States (OAS), have
strengthened the UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas Programme, a collaborative effort of several
agencies that have come together to support and promote the sound use and management of
transboundary aquifer resources.
All Latin American countries sharing aquifers are participating in the programme. As a first
step, an inventory of 62 transboundary aquifers in the Americas was developed (36 in South
America, 15 in Central America, 8 in North America and 3 in the Caribbean). The inventory
also includes a description of the hidrogeological characteristics, use of the shared
groundwater resource, and institutional and legal aspects.
Three transboundary aquifers in critical areas of the Americas were chosen as models for
implementation of aquifer management mechanisms, these are:
- Transboundary inter-mountain and coastal aquifers situated in Caribbean Islands:
Artibonito and Masacre in the Hispaniola Island (Haiti – Dominican Republic)
- Transboundary aquifers situated in semi-arid zones in South America: Yrenda-TobaTarijeño in the Great American Chaco (Argentina-Bolivia-Paraguay)
- Transboundary aquifers in urban zones: Hueco Bolson (Mexico-United States)
The II Coordination Meeting UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas took place in El Paso, USA, 12-16
November 2004. The Meeting mainly focused in a review of the goals achieved by the
UNESCO/OAS ISARM programme and planning of future activities. Among the planned
activities, especial attention was given to the publication of the “Inventory of Transboundary
Aquifers in the Americas”. Following this event, a UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas Coordination
Committee Meeting took place in Brasilia, Brazil, 29 March, 2005, to review the status of
activities. The III Coordination Meeting was scheduled to take place in Sao Paulo, Brazil, on
November 30 – December 2, 2005. The meeting will contribute to further develop the planned
ISARM projects in the Americas, especially those that have been classified by the Coordinating
Committee as ‘advanced’, as well as to provide an opportunity for bi-lateral and multi-lateral
networking among the participants of the UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas Programme.
UNESCO IHP is contributing to enhance the professional capacity of the region in groundwater
by providing, through UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas activities, horizontal knowledge
exchange, but also by supporting academic programmes and grants, such as the ALHSUD
postgraduate grant programme “Ing. Germán Galarza”.
UNESCO-IHP is supporting the government of Uruguay in its effort to increase the knowledge
of its groundwater resources. In this regard, information for the decision-making and policy
formulation for the sustainable exploitation of the Littoral Aquifer System (Uruguay) will be
made available through the development of maps, description of the main characteristics and
current situation of the aquifer resulting from a study supported by UNESCO.
A3. Activity area: Regional water resources availability, withdrawal and consumption
The expected result for this activity is to provide policy makers with updated information to
improve water resources management. Within the framework of UNESCO IHP-VI, Theme 2
“Integrated Watershed and Aquifer Dynamics”, Focal Area 2.4 “Methodologies for integrated
river basin management”, and as part of the global IHP project “Guidelines for an Integrated
River Basin Management”, guidance was provided to the consultancy carried out on the multibasin case study under the project “Status of Integrated Water Management in Latin America
and the Caribbean”. In this project, selected basins in Latin America and the Caribbean (with
especial emphasis in: San Francisco basin (Brazil, OAS-GEF basin), Sao Francisco Verdadeiro
basin (Brazil, HELP basin), San Juan (Costa Rica and Nicaragua, OAS-GEF basin), and
Chaguana basin (Ecuador, HELP basin) are the area for the analysis of different
guidelines/methodologies, existing or recommended in the framework of the Integrated Water
Resources Management. A technical visit to the Chaguana HELP basin (Ecuador) by experts in
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IWRM took place as part of this project. A report on the state-of-the-art review of
existing/recommended guidelines/methodologies, including the application of IWRM in the
referred basin was elaborated.
In the framework of the project for execution/up-dating of Water Balances in the LAC region, a
Training Workshop on Assessment of the state of water resources (Water Balance) of
Mesoamerica and the Spanish speaking countries of the Caribbean was held in Jiutepec,
Mexico, 7-8 April, 2005. Representatives of the Water Balance for Mesoamerica and the subregional coordinators for the projects participated in this meeting. As a result of this event, the
schedule for the preparation of the water balance was agreed upon. Honduras, Costa Rica and
El Salvador are to complete their water balances in 2005.
UNESCO-IHP is also coordinating a project for the establishment of data bases exchange and
optimization of information. The LAC Group of Experts on Water Resources Assessment and
the IHP-LAC Project and Working Groups Coordinators are contributing in the development of
this project.
A UNESCO Chair in Sustainable Water Resources has been established at the Regional School
of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources at the University of San Carlos (Guatemala). The
Guatemala UNESCO IHP National Committee is participating in this innovative initiative for the
country. Within the context of the Chair, a short and medium term operational plan biennium
2006-2007 were established in order to improve knowledge for integrated water resources
management. This plan includes: training of human resources, development of the scientific
research, enhancing computing faculties, participation at different activities related to water
resources, environment, health, and others at the regional and global level.
A4. Activity area: Integrated assessment of vulnerability of water resources to
extreme events
The expected result for this activity is to improve methodologies for mitigation of extreme
events such as droughts and floods. In this line of action, a research project: “Vulnerability and
risk of the population to precipitation anomalies in South America” was jointly developed by
scientists of the University of New Hampshire (USA) and the University Simon Bolivar
(Venezuela). This project provides a sound methodology to quantify vulnerability, exposure,
and risk of the population to anomalous rainfall in South America by linking past information
on people affected and human losses occurred by floods as a proxy measure of population
vulnerability to high-resolution bio-geophysical data sets.
In this biennium the IHP-LAC has sponsored events to disseminate methodologies for
mitigation of floods and droughts. A meeting was held in Kingston, Jamaica, March 17-19,
2004, to discuss and assess the state of water resources in the Caribbean island states and to
analyse the impacts of climate change and variability on social and economic developments.
Representatives of the UNESCO IHP-LAC co-chaired a session on: "Promoting Integrated
Watershed Management and research to foster sustainable development" at the “White Water
to Blue Water” Conference (Miami, USA, March 22, 2004). During the session, information was
exchanged on practices for the integration of floods and droughts.
Negotiations with the European Union and other parties to establish a joint project on risk
assessment and disaster response and management are being held. The Director of the
Regional Office for Science for LAC is spearheading this initiative.
The 4th World Water Forum (4th WWF) to be held in Mexico in March 2006 has the aim of
raising the awareness on water issues all over the world, by enabling multi-stakeholder
participation and dialogue to influence water policy making at a global level while assuring
better living standards and a more responsible social behaviour towards water issues in-line
with the pursuit of sustainable development. The Preparatory Meeting for the 4th WWF took
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place in Mexico City, 23-25 February, 2005. During the meeting a set of recommendations for
potential UNESCO IHP participation at the WWF IV were made.
A5. Activity area: Regional Diagnostics of Groundwater
Improved capacities to assess groundwater are expected to be the result of this activity. In
this regard, the Latin American region is participating in the World Hydrogeological Map project
(WHYMAP). The Regional Coordinator participated in both annual “WHYMAP Steering
Committee Meetings” that took place in Paris, France, March 8-10, 2004 and April 13-15, 2005
respectively. This project is reaching conclusion. The WHYMAP Committee has confirmed the
presentation of the World Hydrogeological Map in the World Water Forum IV (Mexico, March
2006).
National and regional capacities are being built by supporting periodic academic programmes
on groundwater related sciences. On of such programmes is the biannual courses on
groundwater organized by the School of Engineering of Uruguay of the University of the
Republic (Montevideo, Uruguay, October-November, 2004).
IHP-LAC supported the IAH Round Table held in parallel with the XXXIII Congress of the
International Association of Hydrogeologists and 7º ALHSUD Congress (Zacatecas, Mexico,
14th October, 2004) through facilitating Spanish to English translation. As a result of the
discussions in this round table, recommendations were made to advance the knowledge and
sustainable management of groundwater. The potential presentation at the WWFIV of the
theme of groundwater was also addressed.
The IHP-LAC is supporting the development of the methodology for schematic cartography
representation of the Regional Aquifer Systems. The application of this methodology to ChacoToba in the Central South American region and Artibonito-Masacre in Dominican Republic-Haití
is tested in order to prepare a schematic map for each of these aquifers. This methodology is
to be used to produce schematic maps of aquifers to be used by policy-makers and managers
without a hydrological or geological background.
In the framework of improving groundwater management within the context of Integrated
Water Resources Management, the workshop "Groundwater Governance and Management in
Arid/Semiarid Countries" was held during April 3-7, 2005, El Cairo, Egypt. This workshop was
based in case studies and country practices, also it was an instance for exchange and dialogue
to provide practical pathways. At the Conference, the UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas
Programme was introduced, as a success story of cooperation among countries and
organizations in the identification and characterization of transboundary aquifers.
The IHP-LAC was represented in the Sweden Water Week UNESCO Seminar (Stockholm,
Sweden, August 21- 27, 2005), annual global meeting place for the world's diverse water
community.
A6. Activity area: International sediment initiative and related topics
The International Sediment Initiative is a new programme recently launched by IHP. To
increase participation of LAC professionals in sediment dynamics and related process studies,
two sub-regional workshops are programmed in Brasilia and Mexico. As a result of this activity
it is expected a detailed plan for the implementation of ISI in 2006-2007.
The ISI-LAC Coordinator participated in the “Meeting of the International ISI Steering
Committee” (Verna, Switzerland, March 7, 2005).
The International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) organized the VII “Scientific
Assembly Conference” in Foz de Iguazú, Brazil, April 1-5, 2005. Discussions on water
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resources uncertainty and water management in the region took place during the Conference.
At the conference the theme of sediment dynamics was addressed in various sessions.
The course "Quality of Coastal Waters" took place in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia,
September 19-24, 2005. National and International experts and students participated in the
course that dealt with physical process over the coastal regions, environmental monitoring of
chemical variables, bioindicators, mass balance and mathematical modelling, data analysis,
water quality, and others. During the course, particular attention was given to the impact of
sediments in the quality of coastal waters.
More information on ISI-LAC is provided in Part II of this report.
A7. Activity area: FRIEND-Latin America (South America)
During the biennium, the National IHP Committees and Focal Points of the region have
designated FRIEND National Focal Points who established a FRIEND South America
programme.
The FRIEND project (Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network data) was
coordinated and implemented in the Caribbean and Mesoamerica during biennium 2004-2005.
The expected result of the activities of FRIEND was to increase the number of countries
participating in this project. At the beginning of the biennium, only the Central American and
five countries in the Caribbean participated in FRIEND related activities. The goal for the
biennium was to establish the FRIEND South America.
The FRIEND South America Meeting took place in Montevideo, Uruguay, October 26-28, 2004,
with the participation of representatives of countries from this subregion. During the Meeting
the representatives formally established the FRIEND South America project, designated the
Project Coordination for South America, and approved the workplan 2004-2005. At the
FRIEND-LAC working team made a review of the activities carried out during the biennium and
planned the activities to be developed in the biennium 2006-2007.
A8. Activity area: FRIEND-Latin America (Mesoamerica and the Caribbean)
FRIEND project is developing a series of activities in the Caribbean and Mesoamerica. Among
these, it is of great importance the methodology being developed for identification of high risk
drought areas.
The web site of the project was developed and is available at http://www.friend-amigo.org/.
The working team of the project has started the logistic arrangements for the V FRIEND World
Conference that will be held in Havana, November 27 –December 1, 2006. The Conference
aims at presenting the results of the UNESCO FRIEND research programme that has stimulated
international cooperation to meet local and regional needs. It will be focused on discussing
how advances in analytical techniques and process hydrology are improving the assessment of
water resource variability and the impacts of environmental change. The conference will also
give high priority to establishing links with related international programmes and with related
disciplines of groundwater hydrology, ecohydrology and climatology.
To better coordinate activities and optimise resources within the IHP-LAC, a Workshop of
Coordination of the IHP/LAC FRIEND and HELP Programmes was held in Foz de Iguazú, Brazil,
10-12 August 2005.
For more information on FRIEND-LAC, see the executive report of the Regional Coordinator in
Part II of this report.
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A9. Activity area: HELP - LAC Comparative case studies (South America and
Mesoamerica)
The expected result of the HELP programme (Hydrology for the Environment, Life and Policy)
was to establish additional HELP basins in LAC. At the beginning of 2004, only 4 basins were
considered HELP basins. Presently, nine basins have been established in LAC.
The HELP Regional Coordination Unit (RCU) for LAC has developed an inventory of HELP basins
in LAC, and is working in the establishment of the Virtual Application Center. The web page of
the project (http://www.fimcm.espol.edu.ec/Webpages/help/index.htm) includes information
on implemented, ongoing, and planned activities. The project coordinator has participated in
several meetings in the region where she presented the advances in the implementation of the
project.
In order to increase synergies among the most long-standing IHP-LAC projects/programmes, a
Workshop of Coordination of the IHP/LAC FRIEND and HELP Programmes took place in Foz de
Iguazú, Brazil, August 10-12, 2005. The objective of the event was promoting collaboration
and optimization of the capacities in each of the regional programmes. The event was cosponsored by the Brazilean IHP National Committee, the Brazilean Water Agency (ANA) and
Itaipú Bi-national.
For more information on HELP-LAC, see the executive report of the Regional Coordinator in
Part II of this report.
A10. Activity area: WWAP: Resources Studies in LAC
Various IHP-LAC programmes and projects are contributing to improve the comprehensive
assessment of freshwater resources in the region. Among these the FRIEND-LAC project, the
Water Balance project, as well as the WHYMAP and UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas are the
most relevant contributors.
Furthermore, a number of pilot basins have been established by WWAP in LAC with the
purpose of testing methodologies and indicators aimed to better assess water resources. Also,
in collaboration with WMO, three exercises were carried out in the region to test-drive 2
indicators to be used in the upcoming WWDRII. The first indicator referred to was an TARWR
(Total Actual Renewable Water Resources). In this exercise participated the IHP National
Committee of Brazil, Costa Rica, Chile, Mexico and Cuba. The second indicator, namely the
WRAI (Water Resources Assessment Index) is a newly conceived indicator to define to what
extent the state of water resources are known in each Member State. Four exercises to testdrive IWRA were carried out: two in South America, one in Mesoamerica , and one in the
Caribbean. The results of those exercises are to be used in the IV Chapter of the WWDR III.
Main Line of Action 2: Water for Human Needs
A11. Activity area: Integrated water resources management under extreme events
conditions
Various mechanisms for the improvement of integrated water resources management
incorporating social and institutional aspects were analysed at the XXXIII Congress of the
International Association of Hydrologists Congress and to the 7th Ground Water for
Development Latin American Association took place in Zacatecas, Mexico, October 11-15,
2004. The principal aim of these activities was to focus on the political agenda to address
water issues. The special relevance of the groundwater dimensions of in terms of the need for
political action, policy reform, and financial investment were discussed from a cross-cutting
perspective.
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IHP-LAC supported the participation of experts from the region and co-sponsored events were
IWRM-related themes was discussed. For example, a representative of Paraguay participated
in the Extension Course in Management of Water Resources in Pantanal that was held in
Cuiaba, Brasil, November 22 - December 5, 2004.
A12. Activity area: Air-sea-land interactions: Global Water Systems
The IHP-LAC was represented in FIDAE 4: Space and Water: Towards sustainable development
and social security (Santiago, Chile, April 1-2, 2004)
The initial analysis/discussion on potential regional water systems models which includes a
human dimension was carried out at the First Extended Meeting of the Group of Experts on
Water Resources Assessment of Latin America and the Caribbean that took place in San Jose,
Costa Rica, May 24-26, 2004. During the meeting, a set of methodology for assessing Water
Resources in the LAC region were presented. The Group of Experts concluded that steps are
being taken for the implementation of the so called ”Integral Water Balance” in the LAC region.
The latter should include the definition of uses and demand of water resources that requires
the human dimension perspective. The Mexican IHP NatCom, through IMTA is consolidating a
methodology that is tested in Mexico. The Itaipu binational group has also developed a
comprehensive tool for this purpose.
A13. Activity area: Hydrology in different climate zones
With the aim of further collaborating with various active donor agencies in LAC, the IHP-LAC
participated in the workshop: "Bridging research and development assistance: Strategies for
adaptation to climate change in developing countries" which took place in Copenhaguen,
Denmark, August 26-27, 2004. The outcome of the meeting produced recommendations to
Danida in terms of the areas of research that need to be strengthened in different sub-regions
(Sub-Saharean Africa, Coastal Asia, Latin America). The IHP-LAC agreed to provide advice
(upon request) to Danida on specific areas of water-related research within the context of the
LAC region.
The IHP-LAC supported the establishment of the M. Sc. Program on Integrated Coastal Zone
Management at the Universidad de la República (UdelaR) in collaboration with the University of
Dalhousie. The contribution of UNESCO was key to the process carried out at UdelaR that
ended with the granting of a five year support by CIDA (Canada) for the final development,
evaluation, implementation, and regionalization of the referred MSc Programme.
As part of the activities carried out in the humid tropics, the IHP-LAC supported the XI
Governing Board of CATHALAC that took place in Panama, February 2, 2005. CATHALAC´s
main activity in the biennium has been establishment of a Regional System of Visualization
and Monitoring (SERVIR).
Studies in mountain hydrology have consolidated as the group on snow, ice and glaciers has
strengthen and increased its activities. This network is now fully operational.
One of the major national water networks in LAC is the Associação Brasileira de Recursos
Hídricos (ABRH). Over the years the IHP-LAC has contributed in different ways to the ABRH
activities. The XVI Brazilean Symposium in Water Resources will take place in João Pessoa, PB,
Brazil from November 20–24, 2005. In the framework of the Symposium, the “Young
Researcher Prize” will be awarded with the financial support of UNESCO to the best scientific
article written by a young researcher is aimed at fostering young intelligences to research on
water issues.
The Map of Arid and Semi-arid Zones for LAC is being coordinated by the Center for Arid and
Semi-Arid Zones (CAZALAC). The Sub-regional Coordinators of the Andean, Caribbean,
Southern Cone and Mesoamerica regions have carried out planning and activity review
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meetings in Quito, Ecuador (January 20-21, 2005) and Buenos Aires, Argentina (May 25,
2005). Emphasis was made to have the map ready by early 2006 to be published for
distribution at the World Water Forum in Mexico.
A14. Activity area: Water Resources in Coastal Zones (Coastal Zone Management)
The expected result for this activity was to contribute to improve the capacity of the Member
States to efficiently manage water resources in coastal zones. To accomplish this goal, it is of
outmost importance to assess the availability and use of water resources in Member States. In
this context and in the framework of the project for execution/up-dating of Water Balances in
the LAC region, a training Workshop on water assessment and mapping of the arid and semiarid zones for the Caribbean was held in Port de France, Martinique, September 30 – October
2, 2004). The purpose of this workshop was to train water experts from Caribbean countries in
methodologies for developing the water assessment and the mapping of the arid and semi-arid
zones.
A15. Activity area: Andean Hydrology
The expected result for this activity was to improve the capacities of countries and the
guidelines for efficient management of water resources in montaneous areas (Andes).
During the biennium, three technical meetings of the Andean Working Group on Snow, Ice,
and Glaciers of IHP (WGSIG IHP) have taken place in the region. These sessions have been
carried out together with a scientific event. The 2nd WGSIG Coordination Meeting was held in
Huaraz, Peru, July 8 and 10, 2004, following the Workshop on Mass Balance of Andean
Glaciers. The Third WGSIG Meeting took place in Foz de Iguazú, Brazil, in the framework of the
IAHS Scientific Assembly (April 3-9, 2005) during which took place a special Workshop on
Andean Glaciology.
The IV Meeting of the IHP-LAC UNESCO WGSIG and the Training Workshop on Glacier
Observation Methods took place in La Paz, Bolivia, August 1-11, 2005 with the participation of
all country members of the Working Group. The Andean Hydrology programme is carried out in
collaboration with IAHS, and another partners, in particular the Institut de Recherche pour le
Développement (IRD-France). A steam drill device for glacier mass balance to be used by the
IHP-LAC UNESCO Andean Snow and Ice and Glaciers Working Group (Bolivian component) was
acquired with financial support from the IHP-LAC.
For more information on IHP LAC activities in Andean Hydrology carried out by the WGSIG
refer to Part II of this report.
A16. Activity area: Water in urban areas
The expected result for this activity is to improve the capacity for management of water
resources in urban areas. In this framework, the ECOPLATA Project in San Luis community
(Uruguay) is being implemented. The objective of this project is to support the sustainable
development of the local coastal community and surroundings.
The IHP-LAC supported IDEAM authorities (Institute of Hydrology, Metheorology and
Environmental Studies) of the Colombian Ministry of Environment, Housing and Urban
Development to establish a Regional Center for LAC under the auspices of UNESCO on Water
Management in Urban Zones.
As part of the UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas Programme, UNESCO IHP-LAC participated and
provided technical advice in the formulation of a GEF-OAS project proposal for the Pantanal
Aquifer. The Meeting on the Pantanal Aquifer took place in Corumba, Brazil, March 30-31,
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2005. As a result of this meeting the grounds for the preparation of a proposal to GEF were
established.
An integrated view of Urban Water Management was presented at the International Capacity
Building Course in Integrated Urban Flood Management (Lima, Peru, 18 - 19 August 2005).
The IHP-LAC provided financial support for participants to this event.
IHP-LAC contributed with the publication of a brochure and the organization of the V InterAmerican Dialogue on Water Resources Management (D5) which was launched in Kingston,
Jamaica, March 22, 2005 within the context of the World Water Day.
The V Inter-American Dialogue on Water Management will take place in Montego Bay, October
9 – 14, 2005 hosted by the Government of Jamaica (Water Resources Authority), in
collaboration with various agencies and organizations in the water sector. The theme of the V
Dialogue is “Strengthening Local Capacities to Achieve Global Challenges.” This theme will
complement the Fourth World Water Forum, to be held in Mexico in March 2006. The V
Dialogue will be an important means by which regional lessons from the Americas will be
transmitted to the Fourth World Water Forum, as well as providing policy input to Summit of
the Ministers of the Environment of the Americas Meeting, to be held in Caracas, Venezuela in
late 2005.
A17. Activity area: Transboundary water management and poverty alleviation
The expected result for this activity has been to improve institutional and participatory
framework in transboundary water management for poverty alleviation. In this regard and in
the framework of UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas programme, the workshop on Central Region
of Hispaniola Island Transboundary Aquifers - Dominican Republic - Haiti took place in Santo
Domingo, Dominican Republic, August 20-24, 2004. Another project being presented to the
Global Environment Facility (GEF) for financing; namely this Yrenda-Toba-Tarijeno (Paraguay,
Bolivia, and Argentina). These projects are expected to contribute to the efforts carried out by
participating countries actions through improved water management.
An important goal of IHP-LAC has been to support efforts carried out by Member States to
improve the assessment of their transboundary water resources with the aim of carrying out
sustainable management, both from an environmental and socio-economic perspective. To
address this goal the IHP-LAC in collaboration with CRRH (Regional Hydraulic Resources
Committee) and IMTA (Mexican Institute in Water Technologies) organized the Training
Workshop on methodologies for assessment of the state of water resources and mapping of
arid zones (MAZ) of Mesoamerica and the Spanish speaking Caribbean (Jiutepec, Mexico, April
7-9, 2005).
Following up on the above cited goal, IHP-LAC is contributing with activities carried out by CIC
La Plata (Comisión Interinstitucional de la Cuenca del Plata) in this transboundary basin of
great importance for the Member States of this region. Within this framework of the meetings
planned by the Water Balance Working Group for the Southern Cone, the “Thematic Workshop
for the Working Group on Water Balance and Evaluation of the Multiple Use of the Resource”,
was held in Montevideo, Uruguay, April 18-19, 2005. After the review of the available
resources, and the needs for the development of the Water Balance in the Southern Cone, the
methodology to be used for the development of the Integral Water Balance and the workplan
were established.
An important mechanism to increase awareness for sustainable transboundary water
management is by involving the media. IHP-LAC is initiating a process of approaching
journalists and communication companies. In this sense, a contribution was made to the
Meeting of Environmental Reporters and Communicators "Management of Shared Basins and
Aquifers in Latin America and the Caribbean" was held in Porto Alegre, Brasil, November 8 – 9,
2004. The President of the Network of Environmental Communication for LAC (Colombia)
participated in this meeting.
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A18. Activity area: Caribbean Islands
The expected result for this activity area is to improve the capacities of island states in
assessing water resources availability and use in support of integrated management. A
meeting was held in Kingston, Jamaica, March 17-19, 2004 to discuss and assess the state of
water resources in the Caribbean island states, and to analyse the impacts of climate change
and climate variability on water resources within the context of social and economic
developments.
Another important objective of this activity area was to increase the participation and visibility
of the Caribbean Member States in regional and global water-related fora and Conference.
Consequently, IHP-LAC supported the participation of the President of the Jamaican IHP
National Committee to the Planning Meeting of the WWF IV in Mexico city, Mexico, March 23 24, 2004.
The support of the IHP-LAC to carrying out the V Inter-American Dialogue on Water
Management (Montego Bay, Jamaica, October 9 – 14, 2005) is another mechanism to show
the water-related activities of the Caribbean and strengthen the links and position of this
region of the Americas.
A19. Activity area: Water Management for conflict prevention and resolution
The objective of the Co-operation Potential Programme (PccP) Programme is to strengthen
the capacity of Member States and other key players in the management of shared water
resources, to anticipate, prevent, and resolve water conflicts. In the first phase, courses in
different regions of the world are being implemented. As a result of the implementation of
these courses is expected an improvement in the methodologies on water conflict resolution
and cooperation aiming at the reduction of water conflicts in LAC. A working group has been
established in LAC to regionalize and implement courses in the region. The First Meeting of the
UNESCO PccP Programme in LAC was held in Montevideo, Uruguay, May 2-4, 2005, as a result,
the workplan for the adaptation/regionalization of the PccP short course to the LAC region
scenario was established. The Second Meeting of the UNESCO PccP programme in LAC will be
held in Miami, USA, 17-19 October, 2005. The pilot course for test-driving the course book and
other materials will take place in Guayaquil, Ecuador, November 28 - December 2, 2005. This
will be followed by an evaluation workshop to be held in December 4-5, 2005.
For more information on PccP LAC refer to Part II of this report.
Main Line of Action 3: Water education and capacity-building for sustainable
development and security
A20. Activity area: Capacity building for sustainable development in Haiti (LDC)
As a result of the financial contribution provided by UNESCO, six presentations on research
carried out by the University of Quisqueya were made at the XXIX Inter-American Congress of
Sanitary and Environmental Engineering (San Juan, Puerto Rico, August 22-27, 2004). The
presentations were on water quality related studies developed in Haiti.
To improve capacities in Haiti for water management performance, IHP-LAC supported a
diagnosis of the state of Haiti hydrometeorological data bases and a proposal for the rescue
and re-establishment of these data bases was developed. A platform for the creation of a data
bank in support of integrated water resources management in Haiti was established.
During the present biennium, efforts have been made to increase the involvement of Haitian
water-related professionals and academics in regional programmes. A Haitian representative
participated in the Hispaniola Transboundary Aquifers Workshop (Santo Domingo, Dominican
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Republic, August 20-24, 2004). In this workshop a proposal to the GEF on Transboundary
Aquifers in Hispaniola was prepared. Also, the Haitian IHP Focal Point participated in the 2nd
Regional Workshop of the UNESCO/OAS ISARM programme (El Paso, Texas, November 10 12, 2004).
In order to reactivate existing national networks and further incorporate the participation of
water experts from Haiti in regional programmes, IHP-LAC supported the International
Workshop: “Water, source of Life” that served as a framework for the launching of the Haitian
ad-hoc National Committee. At the workshop, Haitian authorities, water experts, researchers
and representatives of international organizations exchanged views in order to identify
potential and review ongoing projects in the country.
A21. Area of Activity: Transferring knowledge into practical applications
In order to identify mechanisms and/or tools developed in the Americas, as well as
methodologies for quality control and monitoring of the transfer of knowledge, the IHP-LAC
representatives participated in various events throughout the biennium.
A meeting between IHP-LAC and ASCE-EWRI representatives was carried out to discuss and
identify joint activities. The IHP-LAC was present at the ASCE-EWRI Congress (Salt Lake City,
USA, June 28-29, 2004). A presentation of the history of IHP was done in the framework of
this event.
The IHP-LAC Regional Hydrologist and the HELP-LAC Coordinator participated in the V InterAmerican Dialogue Planning Meeting with members of IWRN (Miami, USA, July 5, 2004) as well
as in a meeting for planning the Water Information Summit 7 (Fort Lauradale, July 2, 2004).
At these meetings, different mechanisms for information transfer during the planned events
(e.g. teleconferences) and after the events (e.g. internet and hardcopy publications) were
analysed.
A22. Activity area: Support to institutional capacity building & coordination within
UN system, IGOs, NGOs in LAC
During the present biennium, a great effort has been made to increase the number of
countries participating in IHP activities as well as to strengthen and expand partnerships with
other UN agencies and intergovernmental organizations in the Americas.
This statement can be corroborated through increased active participation of Member States in
IHP statutory meetings and working groups, as well as in programme activities, and through
the collaboration with other UN system agencies programmes (e.g. WMO, UNEP, IAAE, others)
and intergovernmental organizations (OAS, CRRH, others). The consolidation of the IHP in LAC
has taken place as a result of the actions undertaken by IHP National Committee Members and
Focal Points, Regional Programme Coordinators, and the Regional Hydrologist. Presently the
IHP-LAC programme structure consists of:
-
7 global programmes which constitute the regional component of global UNESCO-IHP
programmes/projects.
4 regional programmes; and
2 working groups
Some of these programmes have sub-regional components to facilitates its implementation
and outreach. For more information on the activities and plans of the different programmes
and working groups refer to Part II of this report.
In order to strengthen IHP action in the LAC region, a Regional Coordination Group was
established consisting of the Regional Coordinators and Working Groups Coordinators. A First
Coordination Meeting took place in San Jose, Costa Rica, May 26-28, 2004. As a result of this
20
meeting, a Strategy Group was established with the mandate of drafting guidelines and
identifying coordination mechanisms among IHP projects and working groups.
Being a UNESCO intergovernmental programme, one of the priorities of the IHP-LAC has been
the strengthening, reactivation, and support for the establishment of IHP National Committees
in the region. An ad-hoc National Committee was established in Haiti (January 2005) and steps
are being taken for its formal constitution; the Colombia National Committee was established
(March 2005) and the IHP National Committees of Guatemala, Peru, and Uruguay have been
reactivated. Special support by the IHP-LAC has been given to IHP National Committees
working on their consolidation.
The proposal for the CAZALAC to be ratified as a Regional Center under the auspices of
UNESCO will be presented during the next General Conference (October 2005). Several actions
have been carried out in support of this process by the IHP-LAC and the Chilean IHP National
Committee. These included meeting with key government officials. Among such, of particular
importance was the meeting with the Minister of Public Works, Transportation and
Telecommunication, where the endorsement of Center (Santiago, Chile, May 12, 2005) was
confirmed.
Interagency cooperation with organizations sharing similar objectives and concerns for the
region has been stimulated during the biennium. The IHP-LAC participates in the coordination
of various projects with the Organization of the American States (OAS). In this framework, the
IHP-LAC was represented at the Meeting of Government Representatives (in the water sector)
to OAS (Lima, Peru, May 16, 2005) and in the Meeting of the DeltAmerica Steering Committee
(Lima, Peru, 16-17 May, 2005). Also, UNESCO has been part of the Inter-American Water
Resources Network (IWRN) for the last decade. This network aims at building and strengthen
water resources partnerships between nations, organizations, and individuals that transcend
disciplines, political boundaries, and language barriers in the Americas. The Regional
Hydrologist is a member of the Executive Committee of the IWRN (EC-IWRN) and co-Chair of
the Inter-American Strategic Planning Group (SPG). UNESCO and OAS are coordinating with
IWRN the planning of the V Inter-American Dialogue on Water Management (D5) taking place
in Montego Bay, Jamaica, October 9 – 13, 2005.
An important benchmark during this biennium was the 30th anniversary of the IHP National
Committee of Chile, the oldest NatCom in the LAC region. This anniversary was
commemorated in the event named IX Scientific Journey of the Chilean National Committee
"Water and its impacts in the development of Chile: challenges for 2025" that was held in
Santiago de Chile, Chile, April 21-22, 2005. This event represented a benchmark for the
Chilean IHP and a qualitative leap from a purely science oriented organization to one providing
guidance to policy-making while promoting sound scientific research. The Regional Hydrologist
made the presentation "Water in the context of climate variability and climate change" at one
of the scientific sessions of the event.
In order to present the IHP-LAC activities and identify or consolidate areas of collaboration
with other organizations in the region, the Regional Hydrologist has participated in special
events. Among such are: the Workshop-Course on experiences in management of water basins
in Mexico and Central America (San Salvador, El Salvador, July 12-15, 2005); the Workshop
on Validation of the Framework Programme for the Sustainable Management of the Water
Resources of the Plata Basin (Curitiba, Brazil, June 14-16, 2005); the Second UNESCO/OAS
ISARM Americas Coordination Committee Meeting (El Paso, USA, November 10, 2004); the
Consultation Meeting for the evaluation of the “scarcity index” and water balance of the
Andean countries (Lima, November 14 - 15, 2004); the V Dialogue on Integrated Water
Management Preparatory Meeting (Washington D.C., November 8-9, 2004); the VII Water
Information Summit (WIS7) and 40th Anniversary Annual Water Resources Conference of the
American Water Resources Association (AWRA) (Orlando, USA, November 1-4, 2004) ; the
Coordination Meeting on Latin America contribution to Chapter 4 of the WWDRII (Geneva,
Switzerland, September 15-16, 2004); the “White Water to Blue Water” Conference (Miami,
USA, March 22, 2004).
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The Regional Hydrologist has continued to participate in UNESCO activities at Headquarters
(Paris, France) of Scientific (Kovacs Colloquium, September 17-18, 2004), Statutory (IHP
Intergovernmental Council, September 20-24, 2004), and internal (Science Sector Retreat,
August 29 – September 1 , 2005) character.
As a result of the negotiations carried out by the IHP-LAC, various types of agreements were
signed during the present biennium between UNESCO and other organizations or entities.
Among these were the Memoranda of Understanding with OAS and with GWP SAMTAC.
A23. Activity area: Water in the Internet
An improvement of water information exchange in LAC is expected as a result of this activity
area. IHP-LAC is coordinating a project for the establishment of data base exchange and
optimization of available servers/hardware. The first coordination meeting took place in San
Jose, Costa Rica, 26-28 May, 2004 to establish the activities and assign responsibilities in the
framework of this project.
The IHP/FRIEND/WWAP Workshop on Database and Web Site took place in Havana, Cuba,
(August 23 – 25, 2004). Project Coordinators followed-up on the coordination of the exchange
and optimization of the IHP-LAC Project and Working Groups databases in LAC. Subsequently,
at the FRIEND Data Base workshop at the Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua (IMTA)
(Cuernavaca, México, May 22 - 27, 2005) the participants discussed the data base project and
its implementation in the region. The workshop also served to train the professionals on data
base systems.
As part of the regional actions undertaken to enhance information sharing capacities through
the Internet, IHP-LAC has continued to support the Water Information Summits (WIS). The VII
WIS took place in Guanajuato, Mexico, November 17-19, 2004, aiming at continuing the
exchange of information on the use of the Internet to promote the use of integrated land and
water management approaches to cope with the world’s water problems
Within the context of expanding collaborative efforts in the Americas with other organizations,
the IHP-LAC cooperated with the United States Geological Service (USGS) in the translation
into Spanish of the educational website for children and young adults maintained by this
entity. This website offers information on the hydrological cycle, water quality, adequate
systems, etc (see http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercyclespanish.html).
To widen the dissemination of IHP-LAC programme in all speaking languages of the region, the
IHP-LAC web page is now available in Spanish, English, French and Portuguese. The site is
systematically being updated by including information provided by the UNESCO- IHP Focal
Points and National Committees of the region. The IHP-LAC library is being compiled into
electronic form. The IHP-LAC website is http://www.unesco.org.uy
A24. Activity area: Water, Civilization and Society: The value of water and ethics
The products resulting form the implementation of this activity are to contribute to an
integration of the human, cultural, and societal dimension of water.
The IHP-LAC supported the participation of a keynote speaker to the International Seminary:
“Water: Source of life, development and peace” (Quito, Ecuador, March 31 –April 2, 2004)
organized by the Quito Council and the Nature Conservancy International Organization.
The flagship activity of this area is the development of an “Atlas of Water Cultures in Latin
America and the Caribbean”. A multi-disciplinary multi-national working group was established
to define the methodology to be applied and oversee the development of the Atlas of Water
Cultures in Latin America. The First Meeting of the Working Group of the Atlas of Water
Cultures in Latin America Meeting took place in Montevideo, Uruguay, October 12 – 14, 2004.
22
The development of the Atlas will be carried out by sub-region, Central America being the first
target territory. Within the context of this activity, special attention has been given to the
preparation of publications on water and culture. The book: “El Hidroscopio” by Ramon Vargas
and Nidya Piñeyro was published in partnership with PNUMA. The books introduces the social
dimension in the water management. Furthermore, the book: “Culture of Water: Lessons of
Indigenous Latin America” is presently under peer review, and will be printed in early 2006.
Also through this activity area, the IHP-LAC has supported artistic developments related to
water. In this regard, the painting "Cascada del Indio" (Indian Fall) of the Uruguayan artist
Juan Pablo Cao was unveiled in the "San Martin y Capitán Bermudez" park (Montevideo,
Uruguay) in commemoration to the International Day of the Water (March 22, 2005). This was
a joint activity with OAS.
A25. Activity area: From old data to new knowledge
In the framework of the above referred Atlas of Water Cultures in LAC project, a Meeting of
Experts in Water Cultures for Central America took place in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, September
13-16, 2005. The groups of experts from Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Panama and Guatemala are carrying out research and identifying and/or rescuing waterrelated information and knowledge (reports, manuscripts, etc) while developing the
components for the Central American Chapter of the Atlas.
A26. Activity area: Promoting sustainable environmental and water management
Improved awareness among stakeholders of water related issues was the result of this activity.
To attain this goal, the IHP-LAC sponsored various events. Among these was the VII Fair of
Science and Technology in Ecuador. IHP-LAC made a financial contribution in support of an
award to the best projects in the water resources/sciences category. Also, the UNESCO-IHP cosponsored the Workshop "Climatic Archives of the Northern Andes" that was held in Quito,
Ecuador, July 12-13, 2004.
In the policy and decision-making process for sustainable environmental and water
management, it is necessary to incorporate the climate variability factor. A mechanism to
increase awareness on this fact has been the dissemination of the outcome of the subregional
Climate Outlook Forum (COF). UNESCO has supported the COFs of the South American Pacific
Coast. At these events, 3 month climate forecast for the Eastern South American countries is
developed.
The First Biennial Meeting on El Niño phenomenon and its global impact: ENSO Early warning
for sustainable development in Pacific Rim Countries and Islands took place in Puerto Ayora,
Galápagos, Ecuador, September 13-16, 2004.
Finally, under this activity area, a research on "History of Andean Mining and Study of
Ecological and Climatic changes (century XVI – XX)”, in the framework of ARCHISS Project
(Archival Climate History Survey project in Latin America) – UNESCO IHP-LAC was developed.
A27. Area of Activity: Indigenous people and protection of water resources in Central
America
An expected result for this activity was to enhance the knowledge of the relation of indigenous
populations and cultures with water and to document the way they approach to management.
As a first stage of the Atlas of Water Cultures in Latin America and the Caribbean, 6
consultants, one from each country were contracted for the development of the Central
American component for the project. It is expected to have the result for this region by the
end of the biennium. The UNESCO San Jose Office is having a key role in the coordination of
23
this stage. The First Meeting of the Central American Water and Culture Group of Experts took
place in Tegucigalpa, Honduras (September, 13-16, 2005).
A28. Activity area: Capacity building in integrated water resources management in
Latin America
In order to contribute to capacity building to manage water resources in the future, it is
important to target the younger generations, by increasing their knowledge and awareness of
water-related processes and issues. For this purpose, in collaboration with the Argentinean IHP
National Committee, the project "Water and Education for the Americas" was developed and is
being implemented.
Under this activity area the preparatory phase of the project was developed. The launching of
the project took place in Buenos Aires, Argentina, March 12, 2004. Present at this event were
delegates from Latin American Embassies in Argentina apart from representatives of the
Argentinean education sector.
In order to improve awareness on the vulnerability of water resources at all levels, the IHPLAC is joining forces with other initiatives in the Americas. In this sense, representatives of the
UNESCO-IHP Water and Education Project and the Water Education for Teachers Project (WET)
met in Montevideo, June 13-17, 2005 to plan possible future collaborative activities and
coordinate a joint session at the WWF4.
In the context of expanding networking within LAC and with other regions, the UNESCO IHPLAC supported the participation of a delegate from Latin America to the 6th Water
International Symposium (Cannes, France, June 28 – July 2, 2004) who made a presentation
on “Water, women and decision making”.
To effectively strengthen and augment the information and knowledge exchange in the LAC
region, it is important that this information and/or documentation be accessible in various
languages. In this sense, the IHP-LAC commissioned the translation of the EOLSS Newsletter
into Spanish and Portuguese to facilitate its dissemination in the region. IHP-LAC also
supported the translation of the contents and description of the Water Portal of the Americas
into Portuguese and Spanish.
A.29 Activity area: Water for Peace concepts in Education
The Project: “Water and Education for the Americas” is being carried out with the objective of
building new cultural models to promote man´s living in harmony with environment, in
particular with water. The project is aimed at children who will be introduced to the natural
and social processes associated with good use and availability of the resource.
Under this activity area, support is being provided for the implementation of the second phase
of Project: “Water and Education for the Americas”. The activities being developed in the
framework of the second phase of the project are implementation of the educational set in
several schools of the region, validation, dissemination and follow up; and organization of five
workshops. This workshops are aimed to obtain feedback resulting for the implementation of
the educational set, fostering the discussion and elaboration of new projects, activities, etc. At
the Workshop of Experts (Mendoza, Argentina, August, 2004) the educational tools and
methodologies and the development schedule of the Project: “Water and Education for the
Americas” were discussed and adjusted.
For more information on the Water and Education Programme, refer to Part II of this report.
A30. Activity area: Capacity building in integrated water resources management in
the Caribbean
24
The Jamaica Water Authority that hosts the presidency of the IHP Jamaica National Committee,
was entrusted with the local organization of the V Inter-American Dialogue (D5) (Montego Bay,
October 9 – 14, 2005). The Inter-American Dialogues are a mechanism used to help maintain
a periodic personal contact among the member of the “Inter-American Community”, therefore,
contributing to a strengthened managerial research, and capacity building network in the
Caribbean.
Through this activity area, UNESCO is sponsoring the participation to D5 IHP Focal Points of
Caribbean Member States.
A31. Activity area: Water Education and Networking for Sustainable Development in
the Caribbean
As a result of this activity it is expected to enhance education capabilities in the Caribbean.
A project is being developed for the adaptation for the Caribbean of the “Water and Education
for the Americas” project. The objective of the project is introduce activities and concepts that
depict the peculiarities of the state of water resources in the Caribbean, and the particular
cultural and social relations that exist in relation to water and water-issues.
A32. Activity area: Great Caribbean Conference
The IHP-LAC is contributing to the: “Latin America and the Caribbean Conference on Science,
Technology and Innovation for a sustainable development”. The event will gather
representatives of the LAC science policy community. The Conference will take place in
Havana, Cuba in December 2005. Working documents on science policy for the region and the
definition of new research initiatives are expected as a result of this activity.
Main Line of Action 4: Land-water interactions: towards sustainable
development
A33. Activity area: Ecohydrology and ecosystems approaches for integrated water
resources management
The project on ecohydrology was established within the V Phase of the IHP aiming at the
comprehension of functional interactions between hydrology and biota in the catchment scale
and to the achievement of water resources sustainable management and development. The
IHP-LAC is participating in the implementation of this project in the region. As a result of this
activity will take place the development of ecohydrology and ecosystems approaches for
integrated water resources management was expected.
In the academic field, a Master in Ecohydrology: “Environmental Evaluation of Hydrologic
Systems” is contributing to capacity building now being offered by the La Plata University
(Argentina). Two workshops for the first and second editions of the master programme were
carried out in La Plata, Argentina, August 4-5, 2004, and August 4-6, 2005, respectively.
The horizontal transfer of experiences is also supported under this activity area. In this sense,
the Ecohydrology Regional Project Coordinator participated in the Workshop of the
International Centre on Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) and provided guidance for the elaboration
of a Master Degree in Management of Basins (Cali, Colombia, January 24-25, 2005). Also, IHPLAC gave support to the Regional Course “Development of Capacities in Integrated
Management of Water Resources” that took place in Asuncion, Paraguay, July 25-29, 2005.
A34. Activity area: Innovative institutional arrangements for managing hydrological
related ecological systems
25
Increased capacity for innovative management of hydrological and related ecological systems
is expected to result from the activities carried out at the demonstrative Ecohydrology site for
the Lacar Lake (Argentina). A website for this project will become operative in 2006.
The launching of the Master on “Environmental Evaluation of Hydrologic Systems” of the
Universidad Nacional de la Plata will be instrumental for the building of critical mass of
professionals that have the knowledge to carry out and/or give advice to policy-makers and
decision-takers on the incorporation of a new echohydrological approach in sustainable
integrated water resources management.
A35. Activity area: Impacts of erosion and hydro-ecology systems
A meeting of experts is planned to take place in December 2005. The meeting is aimed to
address impacts of erosion and hydro-ecology systems.
A36. Activity area: Bio-indicators: assessing water qualities and ecosystem health
The objective of this activity area is to contribute to promote the use of bio-indicators for
improved integrated water resources management. A Training Course on Bio-monitoring and
Assessment took place in Guayaquil, Ecuador, August 1-10, 2005, organized by the ESPOL and
the University of Gent (Belgium). Representatives of the LAC region attended the course. A
second course is scheduled to take place in Brazil.
A37. Activity area: Coordination of the Caribbean input and follow-up to Barbados +
10 review
The Mauritius International Meeting for the revision of the implementation of the Barbados
Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Insular Developing States SIDS took place in Mauritius, January 7-12, 2005. UNESCO provided a grant to guarantee the
participation of Caribbean representatives in the Meeting.
A conference panel will address the outcome of the Mauritius Meeting and will analyse the
Caribbean perspective at the V Inter-American Dialogue on Water Management (Montego Bay,
Jamaica, October 9 – 14, 2005).
Within the famework of the UNESCO´s 2004-2005 cross-cutting project entitled, Small Islands
Voice and the MAB Programme, the CORALINA (Corporation for the Sustainable Development
of San Andres, Old Providence and Santa Catalina) is developing a series of activities to
promote community participation in environmental, developmental and social issues and raise
awareness and improve Seaflower Biosphere Reserve implementation. A Planning Meeting for
the Programme Small Island Voice took place in Bequia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines on
July 11-16, 2005.
Extrabudgetary funds
Project: Study on the desalination in the Caribbean
A study to evaluate the use of desalination plants in the Caribbean within the context of the
water scenario in the Caribbean region is being developed by the Caribbean Environmental
Health Institute (CEHI). The study, to be completed in the next biennium, is expected to
provide information to policy-makers and the corresponding water authorities to assist in the
decision-making process related to the present and/or potential future desalination systems in
the region.
26
A desalination session will take place in the framework of the V Inter-American Dialogue on
Water Management (Montego Bay, Jamaica, October 9 – 14, 2005) hosted by the Government
of Jamaica (Water Resources Authority), in collaboration with various agencies and
organizations in the water sector. The session will bring together Caribbean specialists to
analyze the state-of-the-art and tendencies of desalination systems in the region. This session
was co-sponsored by the International Centre for Water and Energy Systems (ICWES).
Project: Support to Asociación Uruguaya del Agua
The objective of this activity area has been to increase the number of institutions and
stakeholders involved in active discussions and actions related to integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM). Through the development of this activity area, it is expected an
increased awareness in IWRM in Uruguay.
These activities are being implemented by the Global Water Partnership (GWP) South
American Technical Advisory Committee (SAMTAC) in Uruguay in coordination with the IHPLAC.
Project: Support to the Arid and Semi-Arid zones management
The Water Centre for Arid and Semi-arid Zones in Latin America and the Caribbean (CAZALAC)
aims at providing technical support on the serious problems caused by extreme shortage and
impairment of water resources in arid and semi-arid environments to the countries of the
region.
The Center is coordinating the development of the Map of Arid and Semi-arid Zones for LAC
which will have a great impact as an innovative source of information for the region.
CAZALAC has actively worked in the organization of capacity building courses, meetings, and
implementation of projects in the area of arid and semi-arid zones during the biennium, please
find the report on the activities developed by the Centre in Part II of this report.
Project: Development and implementation of a model for water resources
management in salt flat interaction zones (non metallic mining resource) with social
empowerment in closed basins of the altiplano plateau.
This cross-cutting social-scientific project aims at developing improved methodologies to
assess the impact on the fresh water – salt water inter-phase of a saline wetland. The study
site is located in the region of Atacama. This project will contribute to the development of a
model to predict the behaviour of the water levels in the saline-fresh water inter-phase as well
as the flows into the wetlands. The project includes the implementation of 3 workshops with
local communities. These workshop will have a capacity-building component on basic
hydrological principles as well as in the legal framework and will present different
methodologies to assess and evaluate potential changes in the state of the wetlands.
This project is carried out by CAZALAC in collaboration with the National Water Directorate of
Chile.
Project: Environment Seaport and its interaction with the fluvial-marine system of
the Rio de la Plata, Uruguay
The National Port Authority (ANP) of Uruguay and UNESCO signed a cooperation agreement.
The main objectives of this agreement included the build-up of possible lines of action as links
between diagnosis and concrete actions considering national and regional experiences, training
of ANP personnel to raise environmental awareness, establishment of an Environmental
Seaport Information System, support negotiations and development of coastal zones in the
framework of the inter-institutional project. This project concluded in early 2005.
27
Summary List of IHP-LAC Activities 2004-2005
1. Programmes/projects/studies/research
• Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data (FRIEND)
• Hydrology for the Environment, Life, and Policy (HELP)
• UNESCO/OAS
ISARM Americas Programme- Transboundary Aquifers of the Americas
(ISARM)
• Eco-Hydrology
• International Sedimentation Initiative (ISI/GEST)
• Water and Education for the Americas
• Water and Gender
• Snow, Ice, and Glaciers
• From Potential Conflict to Co-operation Potential Programme (PccP) in Latin America and the
Caribbean
• World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping and Assessment Programme (WHYMAP)
• Water Balance for Latin America and the Caribbean.
• Calculation of the simplified version of the Superficial Water Balance of the Mesoamerica
Region
• Map of Arid and Semi-Arid Zones
• Atlas of Culture of Waters in Latin America and the Caribbean
• Cross-cutting project entitled, Small Islands Voice and the MAB Programme, the CORALINA
(Corporation for the Sustainable Development of San Andres, Old Providence and Santa
Catalina)
• Cross-cutting project entitled “Agua, Minería y Aliviación de la Pobreza”
• ARCHISS Project (Archival Climate History Survey project in Latin America) – UNESCO
International Hydrological Programme for Latin America and the Caribbean
• ECOPLATA Project in San Luis community (Uruguay)
• Map of the Litoral Aquifer System (Uruguay)
• Application of the methodology for schematic cartography representation of the Regional
Aquifer Systems to Chaco-Toba in the Central South America region and Artibonito-Masacre
in Dominican Republic-Haiti.
• Research on "History of Andean Mining and Study of Ecological and Climatic changes
(century XVI – XX)”
28
• “Vulnerability and risk of the population to precipitation anomalies in South America”,
University of New Hampshire (USA) and Simon Bolivar
• Support of participants to the Extension Course in Management of Water Resources in
Pantanal (Cuiaba, Brasil, 22 November - 5 December 2004)
• Multi basin case study under the project “Guidelines for an Integrated River Basin
Management”
• Diagnosis of the state of Haiti hydrometeorological data bases and a proposal for the rescue
and re-establishment of these data bases
• Establishment of data base exchange and optimization project with the Group of Experts on
Water Resources Assessment of Latin America and the Caribbean and with the Project and
Working Groups Coordinators of IHP in Latin America
• Compiled in electronic version the IHP-LAC library
2. Books/publications
• Brochure IHP-LAC 2004-2005
• Publication “Evaluación de parámetros y procesos hidrológicos en el suelo. Compendio de
trabajos presentados en la VII Escuela Latinoamericana de Física de Suelos. Tema:
Hidrología de Suelos (La Serena, Chile, 2-14 de noviembre de 2003). Documentos Técnicos
en Hidrología. No 71. Programa Hidrológico Internacional.
• Publication “Use of a Contingency Table for Climatic Applications”, by E. Alfaro, J. Soley, and
D. Enfield.
• Publication of the book: “El Hidroscopio”, by Ramon Vargas and Nidya Piñeyro
• Brochure IHP-LAC 2006-2007
• Launching of the book “La cultura del agua: lecciones de la America Indigena” at the “VI
Reunión de Antropología del MERCOSUR” (Montevideo, Uruguay, 16-18 November, 2005)
• Publication “Balance Hídrico del Perú” (in press)
• Publication “Balance Hídrico de El Salvador” (by the end of 2005)
• Publication “Balance Hídrico de Colombia (by the end of 2005)
• Publication “Balance Hídrico de Costa Rica (by the end of 2005)
3. Regional/subregional events
• Meeting of the Anglophone Caribbean IHP National Committees and Focal Point (Kingston,
Jamaica, 15-20 March, 2004)
• Special Training Session on Computer Based Toolsfor Hydrological and Climate Forecast
(Kingston, Jamaica, 16 March 2004
• “First Extended Meeting of the Group of Experts on Water Resources Assessment of Latin
America and the Caribbean” (San Jose, Costa Rica, 24-26 May, 2004)
• "Climatic Archives of the Northern Andes" (Quito, Ecuador, 12-13 July 2004)
29
• First Biennial Meeting on El Niño phenomenon and its global impact: ENSO Early warning for
sustainable development in Pacific Rim Countries and Islands (Galápagos, Ecuador,
September 13-16, 2004)
• Working Group of the Atlas of Water Cultures in Latin America Meeting (Montevideo,
Uruguay, 12 - 14 October, 2004)
• The FRIEND/AMIGO Meeting for South America (Montevideo, Uruguay, 26-28 October, 2004)
• II Coordination Meeting UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas (El Paso, 12-16 November 2004)
• XI Governing Board of CATHALAC (Ciudad de Panama, Panama 2 February, 2005)
• II Meeting of the IHP WGSIG (JHuaraz, Peru, 10-12 July, 2004)
• III Meeting of the IHO WGSIG (Foz de Iguazú, Brasil, 5 April, 2005)
• “Thematic Workshop for the Working Group on Water Balance and Evaluation of the Multiple
Use of the Resource” (Montevideo, Uruguay, April 18, 2005)
• IX Scientific Journey of the Chilean National Committee "Water and its impacts in the
development of Chile: challenges for 2025" (Santiago, Chile, 21-22 April, 2005)
• First Meeting of the UNESCO from Potential Conflict to Co-operation Potential
Programme
(PccP) in LAC (Montevideo, Uruguay, 2-4 May, 2005)
• FRIEND Date Base Workshop that was hold at the Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua
(IMTA) (Cuernavaca, México, 22 - 27 May, 2005)
• HELP Project for LAC Coordination Meeting (Miami, USA, 23 May, 2005)
• Meeting of the Sub-regional Coordinators of the Map of Arid and Semi-arid Zones (Buenos
Aires, Argentina, 24 May, 2005)
• Meeting of the UNESCO IHP Water and Education Project and WET Project (Montevideo,
Uruguay, June 2005)
• XI Meeting of the CATHALAC Governing Board (Ciudad de Panama, Panama, July 7, 2005)
• IV Meeting of the IHP-LAC UNESCO Andean Snow and Ice Working Group (La Paz, Bolivia, 1-
2 August 2005)
• Workshop of Coordination of the IHP/LAC FRIEND and HELP Programmes (Foz de Iguazú,
Brazil, 10-12 August 2005)
• UNESCO IHP Latin America and the Caribbean National Committees and Focal Point Meeting
(Montego Bay, Jamaica, 13-14 October, 2005)
• International Sedimentation Initiative (South America) (Brasilia, Brazil, 24-26 October, 2005)
• UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas Programme III Coordination Workshop (Sao Paulo, Brazil, 26
– 28 October 2005).
• Workshop on “Closing the Urban Water Cycle” (Guanajuato, Mexico, 23-25 November, 2005)
• Workshop on Ecological Flows (San José, Costa Rice, December, 2005)
30
• International Sedimentation Initiative (Mesoamerica) (Cuernavaca, Mexico, 12-14 December,
2005)
4. Co-sponsored events
• VII Feria de Ciencia y Tecnología in Ecuador
• Workshop on “Industrial wastes and urban water security” (Sao Paulo, 2-4 June 2004)
• XXXIII Congress of the International Hydrogeology Association Congress and to the 7th
Ground Water for Development Latin American Association (Zacatecas, Mexico, 11-15
October 2004)
• IAH Round Table held in parallel with the XXXIII Congress of the International Association of
Hydrogeologists and 7º ALHSUD Congress (Zacatecas, Mexico, 14 October, 2004)
• Meeting of Environmental Reporters and Communicators
"Management of Shared Basins
and Aquifers in Latin America and the Caribbean" (Porto Alegre, Brasil, 8 - 9 November
2004)
• Climate Outlook Forum (Guayaquil, Ecuador, 15-17 November, 2004)
• VII Water Information Summit (Guanajuato, Mexico, 17-19 November 2004)
• VII “Scientific Assembly Conference” (Foz de Iguazú, Brasil, April 1-5, 2005)
• 1
st
Workshop "Integrated Management of Urban Water Management under specific climates
- Humid Tropics” (Foz de Iguazú, Brazil, 2-3 April 2005)
• Small Island Voice Planning Meeting (Bequia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, 11-16 July,
2005)
• Hispaniola Transboundary Aquifers Workshop (Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep., 20-24
August 2005)
• V Inter-American Dialogue on Water Management (Montego Bay, 9 – 14 October, 2005)
• XVI Brazilean Symposium in Water Resources (João Pessoa, PB, Brazil from 20 – 24
November 2005)
• Workshop on capacity building in Latin America: "Earth observations in the service of water
management" (Buenos Aires, 26-28 October, 2005)
• AGUA 2005 (Cali, Colombia, 31 October – 4 November, 2005)
• International Conference “De la acción local a las metas globales” (Cali, Colombia, 31
October – 1 November, 2005)
• International Seminar “Visión integral en el mejoramiento de la calidad del agua” (Cali,
Colombia, 2-4 November, 2005)
• International
Seminar “Gestión integral de servicios relacionados
asentamientos nucleados” (Cali, Colombia, 2-4 November, 2005)
con
el
agua
en
• International Seminars “Programas de agua, saneamiento e higiene: Enfrentando los
desafíos del milenio” (Cali, Colombia, 2-4 November, 2005)
31
5. Latin America and the Caribbean participation in global events
• “WHYMAP Steering Committee Meeting” (Paris, France, 8-10 March 2004)
• “White Water to Blue Water” Conference (Mami, USA, 22 March, 2004)
• “Promoting
Integrated Watershed Management and research to foster sustainable
development” at the “White Water to Blue Water” Conference (Miami, USA, 22 March, 2004)
• International Seminar: “Water: Source of life, development and peace” (Quito, Ecuador, 31
March – 2 April, 2004).
• FIDAE 2004: Space and Water: Towards sustainable development and social security
(Santiago, Chile, 1-2 April 2004)
• ASCE EWRI Congress (Salt Lake City, USA, 28-29 June, 2004)
• 6th Water International Symposium (Cannes, France, 28 June - 2 July 2004)
• Inter-American Water Resources Network Executive Committee - IWRN EC Meeting (San
Jose, Costa Rica, 12-13 August, 2004)
• XXIX Inter-American Congress of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering (San Juan, Puerto
Rico, 22-27 August, 2004)
• "Bridging research and development assistance: Strategies for adaptation to climate change
in developing countries" (Copenhaguen, Denmark, 26-27 August, 2004)
• IHP Intergovernmental Council and Kovacs Colloquium (Paris, France, 17-24 September,
2004)
• VII Water Information Summit (WIS7) North America (Orlando, USA, 1-2 November, 2004)
• 40th Anniversary Annual Water Resources Conference of American Water Association
(Orlando, USA, 1-4 November, 2004)
• “Conference of the Parties (COP-ID) of the United Nations Convention for Climate Change”
(Buenos Aires, Argentina, 11-12 Decemeber, 2004)
• Mauritius International Meeting
for the revision of the implementation of the Barbados
Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Insular Developing States SIDS (Mauritius, 7-12 January 2005)
• The IV World Water Forum (WWF IV) Preparatory Meeting (Mexico City, 23-25 February,
2005)
• IGWCO/CEP Workshop (University of Tokyo, Japan, 28 February – 4 March, 2005)
• Meeting on the Pantanal Aquifer (Cuirumba, Brazil, March 30-31, 2005)
• "Groundwater Governance and Management in Arid/Semiarid Countries" (El Cairo, Egipto,
April 3-7, 2005)
• WHYMAP Steering Committee Meeting (Paris, France, 13-15 April, 2005)
• Meeting of the Deltamerica Steering Committee (Lima, Peru, May 16-17, 2005)
• Meeting of the of Government representatives (in the water sector) to OAS (Lima, Peru, May
16, 2005)
32
• Meeting of the Executive Committee of the Interamerican Water Resources Network
Committee (EC-IWRN) (Lima, Peru, May 17, 2005)
• International Symposium “Integrated Water Resources Management in Transboundary
Basins” (Lima, Peru, May 18-20, 2005)
• Workshop-Course on experiences in management of water basins in Mexico and Central
America (San Salvador, El Salvador, 12-15 July, 2005)
• Workshop on Validation of the Framework Programme for the Sustainable Management of
the Water Resources of the Plata Basin (Curitiba, Brazil, 14-16 June, 2005)
• IWRN Strategic Planning Group (Fort Lauderdale, USA, 14-16 July, 2005)
• Sweden Water Week UNESCO Seminar (Stockholm, Sweden, 21- 27 August, 2005)
• IV Foro Nacional del Agua de Colombia (Bogotá, Colombia, 26-27 September, 2005)
• Planning and Coordination Meeting of the GEF Transboundary Aquifers in Hispaniola
(Artibonito-Masacre) (Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 9-11 October, 2005)
• Workshop on Integrated Urban Water Management in Arid and Semiarid Zones (Cairo, Egypt,
6-8 November, 2005)
• G-WADI Global Workshop (Paris, France, 10-11 November, 2005)
• “VI Reunión de Antropología del MERCOSUR” (Montevideo, 16-18 November 2005)
6. Capacity building
• Support master student scholarship to participate at the Master in Environmental Geology at
the Universidad Federal de Parana (Curitiba, Brazil), in the framework of ALHSUD
postgraduate grant programme “Ing. Germán Galarza”
• Support to M. Sc. Program on Integrated Coastal Zone Management at the Universidad de la
Republica, Uruguay in collaboration with the University of Dalhousie
• Initial Workshop of the Master in Environmental Evaluation of Hydrologic Systems –
Ecohydrology (La Plata, Argentina, 4-5 August 2004)
• Training Workshop on Water Assessment and Mapping of arid and semiarid zones Caribbean
CEHI (Port de France, Martinique, 30 September – 2 October, 2004.)
• III Hispanoamerican Course on Groundwater, School of Engineering of Uruguay of the
Universidad de la Republica. (Montevideo, Uruguay, October-November, 2004)
• Advice and Recommendation to the proponents of the Master Degree in Management of
Basins (Cali, Colombia, 24-25 January 2005).
• The Training Workshop on assessment of the state of water resources (Water Balance) and
mapping of arid zones of Mesoamerica and the Spanish speaking countries (Jiutepec, México,
7-8 April, 2005)
• Support to Regional Course “Development of Capacities in Integrated Management of Water
Resources” (Asuncion, Paraguay, 25-29 July, 2005)
• Training Course on Biomonitoring and Assessment (Guayaquil, Ecuador, 1-10 August 2005)
33
• Training Workshop on Glacier Observation Methods (La Paz, Bolivia, 1-11 August 2005)
• Second Workshop of the Master in Environmental Evaluation of Hydrologic Systems –
Ecohydrology (La Plata, Argentina, 4-6 August 2005)
• Course on Urban Flood Mangement (8-19 August, 2005). The course was developed in four
countries from South America from, in the cities of Caracas (Venezuela), Bogota (Colombia),
Quito (Equador), and Lima (Peru).
• "Quality of Coastal Waters" (Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, 19-24 September, 2005
• Curso de Toma de Datos y Realización de Modelos de Agua Subterránea a la Gestión
Integrada” (Alicante, España, 4-8 October, 2005)
• Curso Internacional “Física y Conservación de Suelos para la Planificación de Cuencas
Hidrográficas” (Monteallo, México, 7-18 November, 2005)
7. IHP Institutional Strengthening
• Ratification of CAZALAC into a Regional Center under the auspices of UNESCO
• Establishment of the UNESCO Chair in Sustainable Water Resources at the “Escuela Regional
de Ingeniería Sanitaria y Recursos Hidráulicos” at the University of San Carlos, Guatemala.
• Development of the proposal for the establishment of the Regional Center for LAC on Water
Management in Urban Zones under the auspices of UNESCO (Cali, Colombia)
• Establishment of the Ad-hoc IHP National Committee of Haiti
• Formation of the IHP National Committee of Colombia
8. Various Internet Related
• Updating the AMIGO/FRIEND Project Web site in Caribbean (Flow Regimes from International
Experimental and Network data)
• Updating of the IHP-LAC Webpage
• Translation of the IHP-LAC Webpage into Portuguese and French
• Translation in to Spanish of the Educational Website for Children and Young Adults of the
United States Geological Service.
• Translation of the EOLSS Internet Presentation Newsletter into Spanish and Portuguese
• Translation of the contents and description of the Water Portal of the Americas into
Portuguese and Spanish.
34
35
UNESCO INTERNATIONAL HYDROLOGICAL PROGRAMME
FOR
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
(IHP-LAC)
Part II:
Executive Summaries presented by
IHP-LAC Programmes and Working Groups
Regional Coordinators
Montego Bay, Jamaica
October 13-14, 2005
36
37
VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
-CAZALACWATER CENTER FOR ARID AND SEMIARID REGIONS
OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
Coordinator:
Guido Soto
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
38
39
IHP PROGRAMME: Water Center for Arid and Semiarid Regions of Latin America and the
Caribbean -CAZALACCOORDINATOR: Guido Soto Álvarez, Executive Director CAZALAC, Cisternas s/n Esq. Anfión
Muñoz, La Serena, Chile. Pone: (56 51) 204 493, Fax: (56 51) 204 494, [email protected];
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The Water Center for Arid and Semiarid Zones of Latin America and the Caribbean, CAZALAC,
is conceived as an organization that coordinates/articulates those scientific and technological
actions that are focused on the sustainable management of the water resources of the arid,
semiarid, and subhumid areas in Latin America.
The Center´s activities initiated during the year 2003 with the support of the UNESCO and the
Chilean and Flemish (Belgium) governments. In this sense, CAZALAC emerged as a Chilean
government initiative, supported by the other Latinamerican and Caribbean countries through
UNESCO International Hydrological Programme (IHP) National Committees, to form a regional
center with a systematic approach to the critical problems caused by the scarcity and
degradation of water resources in arid and semiarid areas.
The geographic scope of the actions of the Center, considering the arid, semiarid, and
subhumid zones in Latin America and the Caribbean, has an extension of 4,5 million km2.
These include 22 countries, from Mexico up to Tierra del Fuego. A big portion of the population
of this area lives beneath poverty conditions and in territories that are strongly affected by
desertification process, due mainly to the scarcity of water resources and to the lack of an
appropriate knowledge for water resources management and conservation. Also, the high
frequency of droughts, that occur in these areas, contribute to worsen the situation.
The specific objective of the Center is the strenghenthing of the technical, social and
educational development in the Region, on the basis of a better exploitation and management
of water resources of arid and semiarid zones in Latin America and the Caribbean; moreover
its aims, for the improvement of the role of the community in regard to the development of a
water culture through the establishment of a regional center for activities, projects, and
programmes coordination.
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
1. Research Area
•
Arid Zones Map Project
The main objective of this initiative is the elaboration of a water regimes map, that identifies
the arid, semiarid, and subhumid zones in Latin America and the Caribbean, on the basis of
unified and updated criteria.
Mainly expected products:
-
The creation of a qualified group of specialist, in the project proceeds (methodological
guide and software for the generation of data and indicators)
Organized, analyzed, and validated climatological data in digital form
Digital version of by country and by region indicators
Publication of the document in hard-copy and in CD.
Others possible products that could be incorporated, with a national or regional scope, are:
-
Erosion, drought, social, and financial fragility, vulnerability maps of the arid zones.
40
-
Evapotranspiration maps (with ET0 reference), to define water needs or irrigation
projects, for different types of crops with a crop coefficient (Kc)
Priorities identification and/or decision making: having a reliable GIS in place, it is
possible to include variables and different scenarios that facilitate the decision making
process.
Activities carried out so far:
•
First Workshop. Planning and Methodology (Santiago de Chile, Mayo 3-4, 2004)
Production of a Demonstrative Map (DEMO)
Methodological Guide for the map development.
Putting together CIRH System for climatological data processing.
Subregional Workshop, the English Caribbean (Martinica, September 30-October 2,
2004)
Andean Countries Subregional Workshop (Quito, Ecuador; January 20–21, 2004)
Mesoamerican Subregional Workshop (Mexico, March 2005)
South Cone Subregional Workshop (Buenos Aires, Argentina, March 2005)
At the moment, work over data processing, national maps elaboration, and regional
map consolidation is being done.
Vulnerability assessment of soil erosion in arid zones
This investigation project has as main objective to establish the effect on the soil of
extreme rainfall in arid and semiarid zones.
Erosion risk assessment in a medium size basin, with the objective to identify the areas that
are more erosion sensitive and to evaluate the socio-economic impact of soil conservation
techniques implementation. A study area map and data collection will take place in order to
apply erosion models and scenario simulation.
-
Rain Simulator building
Study area identification
Development of a thesis
•
Belgian expertise
From April 2005, through AGCI-Chile, in coordination with La Serena University and
with the Flemish Government support, Mr. Koen Verbist, University of Ghent PhD
student, has working with CAZALAC. His main activities are focused on vulnerability
assessment on soil erosion in arid zones, arid zones mapping, and the preparation of
project proposal for fundraising.
•
Students internship
Students from the University of Ghent, La Serena University, and Talca University will
collaborate with the field work and rain simulator operation in the framework of an internship
program to study the vulnerability assessment of soil erosion in arid zones of the IV Chilean
Region started.
2- Education and capacity building area
•
•
•
Course on Applied hydrogeology. This course is organized by CAZALAC, in
collaboration with Bochum Univesristy (Germany), La Serena University (Chile), and the
Dirección Nacional de Aguas (Chile), September-October 2004.
Course on Groundwater Pollution. La Serena, November 23-26 and Rio Cuarto,
Argentina, November 30 – December 03, 2004.
Fellowship for a CAZALAC Engineer. To participate at the training course Scientific
and Technological Information Management - STIMULATE 4, Vrije Universiteit Brussel,
October-December, 2004.
41
•
•
VIII Latin-American Schools in soils physics. Course to be developed at the
Postgraduated School, Mexico, November 2005.
International workshop on wetlands and endorheic basins. October, 2005.
Within this activities a hole day will be focused on endorheic basins in the Argentinean,
Bolivian, Peruvian, and Chilean regions. This activity is organized by University of Chile
in collaboration with CAZALAC, among others institutions.
3. Information and communication area
•
•
•
•
•
•
4.
Press release of the scientific article “Systematization of experiences on building
and calibration rain simulators”
Publication of the compendium with the papers presented at the VIII Latin-American
Schools in soils physic, topic: Soils Hydrology, La Serena, Chile, November 2-14,
2003. “Parameters and Hydrological processes in soil assessment”
Support to the development of the IHP Virtual Library of UNESCO Regional Office in
Montevideo, July- November 2004.
Updating the website (www.cazalac.org)
Periodical publication of an electronic bulletin (1600 subscribers)
Publication of an information brochure about CAZALAC
Agreements and colaboration
•
•
•
Participation at international workshops and meetings
Signing of the CAZALAC Agreement – Postgraduates College, Mexico. Agreement
over rain water issues
Implementation of a Regional Programme in Integral Water Resources
Management in Arid and Semiarid Zones in LAC. This Programme will be
implemented in the framework of the UNCCD, and the activities are going to be
implemented between CAZALAC and the UNCCD Agreement.
Summary of training courses (beneficiaries)
CHILE
ALC
Universities/
Universities/
Public Private
Public Private
General
Research
Total
Research
Total
Sector Sector
Sector Sector
Total
Centers
Centers
Planning
Workshop
9
17
4
30
12
9
1
22
52
Courses on
Hydrology and
Soil Physics
8
8
2
18
16
5
3
24
42
Course on
Appplied
Hydrogegology
11
6
1
18
3
3
-
6
24
Course on
Groundwater
Pollution
8
24
12
44
3
-
-
3
47
Total
36
55
19
110
34
17
4
55
165
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
1.- CAZALAC. UNESCO Center- Category II. The next step following the approval of
UNESCO General Assembly, of incorporating CAZALAC under its auspices, is obtaining the
Chilean Parliament approval to install in the country a Center with international characteristics.
42
2.- Specific activities:
Communication area:
- Bulletins, website, data base
- Publications
Research Area:
- Follow up on vulnerability assessment on soil erosion in arid zones
- LAC Arid Zone Map consolidation
- Climate aggressiveness map, for those countries in Latin American that have sufficient
meteorological information.
- LAC and Flemish students internship for the development of research projects
- Endorheic Basins
- Incorporation of arid zones basins into the HELP Programme
•
-
-
Education and training area:
Course on rainwater harvesting (Recife, Brazil, 2006). Collaboration: Pernambucio
Government, Brazil; UNCCD, FAO, International Rainwater Harvesting Alliance, university
of Ghent.
Course on Hydrological Modeling – FRIEND 2006 (Paraguay)
Bioindicators use in HELP freshwater systems (Centroamérica, Panamá, México o Caribe)
Course on rainwater harvesting (the Caribbean Subregion, 2007).
Course/Workshop on sediments transport
Latinamerican School on Soils Physics (2007)
43
VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
ECOHYDROLOGY
Coordinator:
Marcelo Gaviño
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
44
45
PROGRAMME: Ecohydrology
COORDINATOR: Marcelo Gaviño Novillo, Regional Coordinator PRISI, Departamento de
Hidráulica, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 Nº 200 – 1900 - La Plata, Argentina. PhoneFax: (54 221) 453 1996, e-mail: [email protected]
BACKGROUND
The programme “Ecohydrology” was established in the framework of the fifth phase of
UNESCO International Hydrological Programme (IHP) and is based on three principles related
to the understanding of the functional relations between hydrology and ecology at the basin
scale with the purpose of developing sustainable water resources management based on:
•
•
Water and Biota integration at basin level
Understanding of the resistance and resilience resulting from the evolution related to
water stress to strengthen the absorption capacity of the ecosystems to counteract
anthropogenic impacts
•
Use of the ecosystems properties as management instruments through the use of the
biota to control hydrological processes and, vice versa, applying hydrology to regulate the
biota
Under this perspective the Regional Programme has carried out activities under the Working
Plan 2004-2005 following the guidance of the Steering Advisory Committee of the Programme,
established in the meetings of May the 6th and the 7th 2004 in UNESCO Headquarter in Paris.
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
1. Opening seminar of the Regional Master Programme on Ecohydrology 2004-2005,
Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina)
In 4-5 August 2004, in the La Plata National University, the first course of the Ecohydrology
Master Programme was launched, with the participation of Mrs. Adriana Trojanowska from the
University of Lodz (Polonia) on behalf of Mr. Maciej Zalewski, Mr. Luis Chicharo from the
Algarbe University (Portugal) and Mrs. Claudia Bonecker, from the Universidad of Maringa
(Brazil). At the event participated also the Regional Hydrologist, Mrs. María Concepción Donoso
2. Preparation of the demonstration sites of Lacar and the Río Paraná Valley
To follow up with the preparation of the demonstrative sites of the Ecohydrology Programme,
the Valle of Río Paraná in Brazil and the Lake Lácar Basin (Patagonia-Argentina) were proposed
as regional examples. During 2005 the publication and the web page of the project was carried
out.
3. Workshop for the establishment of a regional Master on Basin Management (CIATColombia)
During last week of January 2005 a workshop was held for the organization of a Regional
Master in Basin Management with special focus in Ecohydrology in the head office of the CIAT
in Cali (Colombia). The Centro Internacional de la Papa, the Andean Basins project of the GTZ,
the REDCAPA, between others, also participated at the event. The IHP Ecohydrology Regional
Coordinator was invited to this workshop.
4. Starting seminary for Regional Master on Ecohydrology 2005-2007, Universidad
Nacional de La Plata (Argentina)
4-5 August 2004 in the La Plata National University took place the launching of the second
Ecohydrology Master Course. During the event the Guaraní, aquifer project was introduced
46
with the participation of the Project Coordinator and of the members of the Countries of the
Aquifer.
5. Itinerant Course on Integrated Water Resources Management (Universidad Nacional –
Paraguay)
During the last week of July, a course on Integrated Water Resources Management was held
with the participation of more than 40 persons from Paraguay. In this occasion a special
Ecohydrology session was presented. This activity will be complemented with a similar course
on the October 31, 2005, in the framework of the Paraguayan Congress on Water Resources
6. Participation at the coordination meeting of the programmes FRIEND and HELP
In the city of Foz de Iguazú (Brazil), August 10-12, 2005 the IHP inter-programmes
coordination meeting took place. In this framework, was carried out the coordination of various
regional activities.
7. Ecological flows workshop ( San José de Costa Rica-December 2005)
This workshop will be assigned to the establishment of a working group that generates an
exchange of experiences on ecological flows calculation. As an output of this activity, it is
expected to have a publication issued in Spanish, for the region.
8. Project on Policies based on the scientific evidence for the Integrated Management of
Hydrographical Forestry Basins in the presence of extreme rainfalls (EPIC FORCE)
EPIC FORCE is an international project auspiced by the Ecohydrology Programme to improve
intregrated water and forestry resources management in hydrographic basin scale through the
analysis and the development of policies based on scientific evidence. The object of analysis is
the impact on the forestry as a function of the basin response (in terms of runoff and soil
erosion) to extreme rainfall events (rain and snow). In this framework of the action, there is
great uncertainty and a need to guide decision processes in a sustainable manner (explicit
policies, laws, directives, regulations, others) taking into account ecological, economical, social
consequences resulting from the occurrence of hydrological critical situations. The participants
at the projects are the University of Newcastle upon Tyne (UK) (Coordination); Università
degli Studi di Padova (Italia); Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (España); Universidad
Nacional de La Plata (Argentina); Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica); Universidad de Cuenca
(Ecuador); Universidad Austral de Chile (Chile); Subsecretaria de Recursos Naturales de Tierra
del Fuego (Argentina).
Funding
During the biennium 2004-2005, basic funding was received from the Regional IHP Montevideo
Office regular budget. Co-funding was provided by the UNESCO Venice Regional Office, the IHP
General Secretary, the European Union, the IHP Argentina National Committee, and La Plata
National University.
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
The Workplan 2006-2007 of this Regional Programme will be established at the workshops
which will take place at the end of the biennium 2004-2005. Nevertheless, at least the
following activities are expected to be carried out:
Ecohydrology Course – Universidad Javeriana (Colombia)
This course will be held as a joint venture with the Colombia IHP National Committee
and the Universidad Javeriana in the framework of the Master Course in
Hydrosystems in the first half of 2006.
47
Preparation of demonstrative sites
The publications with the results emanating from the demonstrative sites will be
carried out during first semester 2006
Itinerant Course on Integrated Water Resources Management
The course will be carried out at least in four countries. The countries are to be
selected from the candidatures received. By now the Universidad de la República
(Uruguay) and the Ministerio de Obras Públicas of Chile in the IV Región of La Serena
together with CAZALAC have sent the expressions of interest.
Translation of the Handbook for Basin management with emphasis in Ecohydroloy
Spanish version of the publication elaborated in the framework of the Ecohydrology
programme at a global level
Regional Master on Ecohydrology 2006-2009, Universidad Nacional de La Plata
(Argentina)
The Regional Master Course will continue to be supported and the participation of the students
from all countries of the region will be stimulated
Useful information
Marcelo Gaviño Novillo
Working Group Coordinator
Departamento de Hidráulica
Universidad Nacional de La Plata,
47 Nº 200 – 1900 - La Plata
TE/FAX: 54.221.4531996
e-mail: [email protected]
ARGENTINA
National Committee for the International
Hydrological Programme
Paseo Colón 189, Piso 12
TE: + 54.11.4349 7442
FAX: + 54.11.4349 7425
E-MAIL: [email protected]
ARGENTINA
48
49
VI MEETING OF UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
-FRIENDFLOW REGIMES FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL
AND NETWORK DATA
Coordinator:
Eduardo Planos
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
50
51
IHP PROGRAMME: FRIEND AMIGO Programme
COORDINATOR: Eduardo O. Planos Gutiérrez, Instituto de Meteorología, Loma de
Casablanca S/N, Municipio Regla, Ciudad de la Habana, La Habana, CP 11700, APDO. 17032,
Cuba. Phone. (53 7) 867 0718, Fax: (53 7) 866 8010, E-mail: [email protected],
[email protected]
BACKGROUND
The FRIEND project is a global initiative of the UNESCO International Hydrological Program,
which was established in Latin America and Caribbean Region in 2000 as FRIEND/AMIGO
project. The general FRIEND/AMIGO objective is to develop hydrological tools for the regional
analysis and to establish regional specialized databases. The specifics objectives of the project
are:
• To improve the comprehension of the spatial and temporary variability of hydrological
regime at regional level.
• To share data originating from hydrological networks and experimental basins.
• To share and to improve the tools for the hydrological analysis.
• To detect trends due to the variability and the climatic change.
• To detect the human impact on the hydrological cycle.
The project 2006-2007 mission will be concentrate in develop initiatives with the h purpose of
reduce the regional and countries hydrological vulnerabilities; to improve the hydrological risk
analysis and to contribute to the regional adaptation to the variability and climate change
impacts, making emphasis in results that contributes to the improvement of political and
administration strategies on the water resource area, including the developing of capacities.
The topics that at the moment this project is working are the following ones:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Database - WEB Page
Hydrological extremes
Variability and climatic change
Hydrological Regionalization
Hydrological vulnerability and Adaptation
Creation of capacities
MAINS FRIEND/AMIGO ACTIVITIES 2004-2005
1. Diagnostic and evaluation of the Meso American and Caribbean drought to regional
scale.
2. Regional databases development.
3. WEB page diversification.
4. Combined project on databases among FRIEND/AMIGO LAC and FRIEND AMHY.
5. FRIEND advances in the preparatory activities of the V World FRIEND Conference,
Havana 2006.
6. Establishment of the South America FRIEND/AMIGO group
BIENNIUM 2006-2007 PERPECTIVES
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
•
•
•
Enhanced knowledge of flow regimes through the development of high quality
databases and models.
Improved scientific understanding of hydrological processes and variability across
various sub-regional basin networks.
Improved capacity for policy formulation, decision making.
52
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Enhanced knowledge base and capacity of decision-makers and practitioners in the
management of freshwater resources in arid, semi-arid areas and in urban areas—
particularly in the developing countries.
Strengthened research and capacity-building networks at regional and international
scale to address water issues, particularly water supply related aspects, as a
component of poverty reduction.
Improved integrated approaches by local, national and international planners and
managers.
To improve the knowledge base enhanced for developing an eco-hydrological
approach and for its integration into regional natural resources development
strategies.
Increased scientific capacities to study and monitor mountain resources in light of
global change.
Enhanced knowledge of flow regimes through the development of high quality
databases and models.
Improved scientific understanding of hydrological processes and variability across
various sub-regional basin networks.
BIENNIUM 2006-2007 EXPECTED RESULTS
1. Database specialized in regional processes.
2. Tools and methodologies related with: hydrological process analysis, variability and
climatic change impacts on water resources, hydrological regionalization, database
management.
3. To increase the countries and institutional capacities.
4. Realization of the V World FRIEND Conference, Havana 2006.
5. To advance in the understanding of the hydrological processes
6. To develop indicators related with the hydrological processes.
7. Summary and systematizing of regional cases of study on techniques applied to the
uses of the fluvial water.
8. Support to graduate degree studies, masters and doctorates thesis.
ACTIVITIES
The FRIEND/AMIGO Mesoamerican and South American groups held a meeting of coordination
in Foz de Iguazu, Brazil, August 2005. In this meeting were identified a group of activities
based in three king of financial scenarios. These activities should be considered for the English
speaking Caribbean FRIEND experts.
Cost cero
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
To share hydrological tools
Link with the FRIEND WEB another WEB pages related with FRIEND project
To give UNESCO - FRIEND/AMIGO category to some books or publications
To establish UNESCO-FRIEND award for students of hydrology
Promotion and popularization of the program FRIEND at national level
Minimum cost
1.
2.
3.
4.
To prepare FRIEND technical documents
Capacities activities at national or regional levels
Specifics research activities based in shared data and information
To publish a general report based on the National communication to Climatic change
convention
5. Regional drought diagnostic system
6. Web page
53
High cost
1. Regional FRIEND Seminar
2. Implementation, development and promotion of the database
3. Preparation and presentation of projects: variability and climatic change, hydrological
regionalization, hydrological extremes (maxima and minima) and study of cases
4. V World FRIEND Conference Havana, 2006
STRATEGIC ASSOCIATIONS
IHP projects and groups:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
HELP
ECOHIDROLOGIA
ISARM America
GEST
WHYMAP
Water resource balance
Snow and Ice
Water Education
UNESCO Regional centres
1. CAZALAC
2. CATHALAC
Regional and world organizations
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
CIC
OTCA
CRRH
CEPREDENAC
Itaipú binacional
Caribbean Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology
World Meteorological organization (OMM)
World Water Resources Program (WWAP)
Centre of disaster of Kobe
54
55
VI REUNIÓN DE COMITÉS NACIONALES Y PUNTOS FOCALES
DEL PHI-UNESCO PARA AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE
PROGRAMA PHI-UNESCO
-HELPLa Hidrología al Servicio del Medio Ambiente,
la Vida y las Políticas
Coordinador:
Pilar Cornejo
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 al 14 de octubre de 2005
56
57
PROGRAMA: La Hidrología al Servicio del Medio Ambiente, la Vida y las Políticas
COORDIANDOR: Pilar Cornejo de Grunauer, Coordinadora Regional Unidad América Latina y
el Caribe, FIMCM-ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo, KM 30.5 Via Perimetral
Guayaquil-Ecuador, Telefax: (593 4) 226 9468, [email protected],
ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO
La Unidad Coordinadora Regional para América Latina y el Caribe fue establecida en octubre de
2002, para coordinar y estimular las actividades en las ya seleccionadas cuencas HELP en
Colombia, Perú y Brasil. Durante el período 2003-2004 se realizó un segundo llamado la
selección de cuencas HELP, y luego de una revisión varias cuencas fueron seleccionadas o
ratificadas como cuencas HELP, entre ellas: Canal de Panama-Panama, Chaguana-Ecuador,
Jequetepeque-Peru, San Francisco Verdadeiro-Brazil, Tacuarembo-Uruguay, Lerma—ChapalaMexico. Hay una cuenca HELP transfronteriza, la cuenca HELP de San Pedro (U.S.A.-México).
Fue acordado que HELP-NA coordinaría las actividades de forma conjunta con HELP-LAC.
El principal objetivo del programa HELP es desarrollar beneficios sociales, económicos y
ambientales para los diferentes actores a través de un uso sostenible y apropiado de los
recursos hídricos, a través de la aplicación de la Hidrología para mejorar la gestión integrada
de cuencas.
Para alcanzar este objetivo se han desarrollado diversos estudios y actividades de capacitación
durante el período 2002-2005, entre estos un estudio piloto de variabilidad climática aplicada a
una cuenca agrícola; el entrenamiento en el uso de software simple para predecir la
precipitación estacional en una cuenca; la capacitación en el uso de indicadores biológicos de
calidad de agua como una aproximación más económica al monitoreo de calidad de agua.
Durante la reunión de coordinación desarrollada en Foz de Iguazú, Brasil (10 al 12 de agosto
de 2005), se identificaron de manera preeliminar las fortalezas y debilidades de cada una de
las cuencas HELP, de forma de poder establecer una agenda adecuada para el programa HELPLAC. Es importante mencionar que el Sr. Enrique Chaves, desarrolló un Índice de
Sostenibilidad para ser aplicado a las cinco Cuencas HELP-LAC más una cuenca HELP del
hemisferio norte (Luquillo en Puerto Rico) que permitirá una mejor identificación de las
necesidades del Proyecto. Luego de la reunión de Coordinación realizada en Brasil, varias
actividades de investigación y desarrollo fueron propuestas y están siendo puestas en marcha.
Entre ellas se incluyen: la realización de un segundo curso internacional de capacitación en
biomonitoreo de ríos (ya se cuenta con un financiamiento parcial del curso); la elaboración de
una propuesta para presentar ante el Programa GEF-World Bank; el llamado de propuestas
para albergar el Simposio HELP del Hemisferio Sur 2007; la elaboración de una propuesta en el
área de educación y temas climáticos.
58
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
The activities executed during the 2004-2005 period are summarized in the following table:
1
Activity (results)
LAC-HELP river basin inventory
Expected results
List of all the HELP basins with
contact person along with the
2003-2004 new call
Performance Indicators
New and old HELP basins applied to the new
call.
They are listed in the UNESCO-HELP
website
Proposal for the Virtual Application Center
(pilot November 2003-February 2004).
A virtual application
was in place
Participation as LAC-HELP coordinator at the
International HELP Committee meeting and in
at least two other HELP or related activity
meetings
Presentation of HELP-LAC, its
activities
and
results
in
different fora
Dissemination on HELP and related activities:
WEB Publication, Workshop for HELP basins in
LAC, other workshops
LAC web site
Workshop for LAC-HELP basins
Article in a book1
Development of HELP indices
Provision of student scholarships for developing
academic and/or research work related to HELP
Development
of
a
HELP
brochure
Test and usage of a tool for
climate
forecast
in
HELP
basins
Aid in other HELP activities
Five proposals were submitted and one
approved by VLIR-ESPOL program.
It links
climate, banana production in a HELP basin
Seven missions during 2004, 2 in Ecuador and 5
abroad (France, US, Scotland, Chile and Costa
Rica)
Five missions during 2005, Germany, Italy,
Brazil, France, Jamaica
www.fimcm.espol.edu.ec
Report of Workshop held in Brazil, August 2005
Report of the Climate Vulnerability index
workshop, March 2005
Three workshops to disseminate HELP principles
in another basin (average attendance 100
people)
Three scholarships were awarded
HELP promote the usage of a tool for climate
forecast, locally in Ecuador, and during the IV
West Coast of South America Climate Outlook
Forum (November 2004)
center
Hydrology and Water Law – Bridging the Gap. Authors/Editors: J Wallace, P Wouters and S Pazvakavambwa. ISBN: 1843390701
59
Activity (results)
Advice and support to ESPOL (Escuela Superior
Politecnica del Litoral) for the creation of an
MSc in Water Management.
Capacity Building
Expected results
A draft program is ready for
circulation
A course is held in Ecuador
and attendants are from HELPLAC basins
Performance Indicators
The draft program is available and has been
distributed to several Ecuadorian universities
(under analysis during 2005)
1) First International Course on Biotic
Monitoring of Rivers. Report of the Course and
its results. It was held July 30- August 13
(Guayaquil-Ecuador)
2)
Local
course
on
socio-occupational
indicators: pesticides evaluation
3) Workshop with CIIFEN for application of
software developed for climate forecast
60
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
The activities planned for the 2006-2007 period are summarized in the following table along with the activity calendar.
Activity (results)
HELP session in the Fourth
World Water Forum
Expected results
We will present actions / activities developed in the
HELP-LAC river basins in the Fourth World Water
Forum (March 2006, Mexico).
Performance Indicators
Abstracts and power point presentations will
show participation of HELP-LAC river basins in
the HELP session in the Fourth World Water
Forum
HELP southern hemisphere
conference
Research results within HELP-LAC river basins will be
presented in the HELP
southern hemisphere
conference (2007, exact date to be determined)
Application of Watershed
Sustainability Index in the
LAC HELP basin
H. Chaves developed a Watershed Sustainability Index
(San Francisco Verdadeiro-Brazil) for the HELP basins.
HELP-LAC will apply this index to all five basins to
asses the their state of the art towards actions for
improving their Sustainability
It is expected that a group from the MERCO-SUR
countries will be trained in Bio-monitoring of rivers to
asses and extend a common tool for water quality
monitoring which is less expensive than the common
practices
Software tools would be developed and applied for
policy makers for their decision-making process in
integrated water river basin.
Abstracts and power point presentations will
show participation of HELP-LAC river basins in
the HELP session in the HELP southern
hemisphere conference
A paper showing the application of Watershed
Sustainability Index in the LAC HELP basin will
be ready
Second International Bioindicators Training Course
Active
integration
for
integrated
water
management with policymakers (HELP-OLAGI)
South- South Cooperation
for monitoring equipment
development
Less expensive monitoring equipment is needed for
several parameters in river basins
There will be a Report of participants and
results of the Second International Bioindicators Training Course.
There is Software applied for integrated water
management with policy-makers in at least two
HELP-LAC river basins
At least one monitoring equipment will be
developed and used in HELP-LAC river basins
61
VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
UNESCO/OAS ISARM AMERICAS
(TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS OF THE AMERICAS)
Coordinator:
Nelson da Franca
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
62
63
PROGRAMME: UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas Programme. Transboundary Aquifers of the
Americas
COORDINATOR: Nelson da Franca Ribeiro dos Anjos, USDE/OAS Principal Water Resources
Specilist. General Coordinator for UNESCO/OAS ISARM-Americas Programme, e mail:
[email protected]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The UNESCO/OAS ISARM-Americas Programme is the regional initiative for the American
hemisphere of the worldwide ISARM Programme and is jointly coordinated by the UNESCO
International Hydrological Programme (IHP) and the Office for Sustainable Development and
Environment of the Organization of the American States (OSDE/OAS). The Programme was
launched at the IAH/ALHSUD Congress of Mar del Plata, Argentina, 2002.
THE GLOBAL “INTERNATIONALLY SHARED AQUIFER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT - ISARM PROGRAMME” INVOLVES
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO),
THE UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE (UNECE) AND THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF
HYDROGEOLOGISTS (IAH). IT AIMS TO PROMOTE THE RECOGNITION AND UNDERSTANDING OF TRANSBOUNDARY
GROUNDWATER RESOURCES, AND FOSTER COLLABORATION AMONG THE COUNTRIES SHARING THE SAME RESOURCE
TO ACHIEVE CONSENSUS ON LEGAL, INSTITUTIONAL, SOCIO-ECONOMIC, SCIENTIFIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS.
The most important objectives of the ISARM regional programme are to create a comprehensive
Inventory of Transboundary Aquifers of the Americas - a collection of data regarding the hydrogeological characteristics, the actual use of the shared groundwaters and the legal and
institutional aspects, and to identify case-studies of transboundary aquifers of major concern, for
possible project implementation.
SEVERAL OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, NOTABLY THE
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
Workshops
SECOND COORDINATION WORKSHOP OF THE UNESCO/OAS ISARM-AMERICAS PROGRAMME - EL PASO,
TEXAS, USA, 2004.
THE SECOND COORDINATION WORKSHOP OF THE UNESCO/OAS ISARM-AMERICAS PROGRAMME HAS
INTERNATIONAL BORDER AND WATER COMMISSION - UNITED STATES AND
MEXICO (IBWC), IN EL PASO, TEXAS, U.S.A., NOVEMBER 10TH - 12TH, 2004.
BEEN KINDLY HOSTED BY THE
THE WORKSHOP WAS CO-SPONSORED BY UNESCO-IHP AND THE DELTAMERICA PROJECT (IWRN,
GEF, UNEP, OAS).
Nearly fifty experts attended the El Paso event, most of them coming from different American
countries and from international organizations, institutions and universities.
The U.S. and Mexican experts welcomed the opportunity to present the case-study of Hueco
Bolson, the transboundary aquifer shared between the U.S.A. and Mexico, in the El Paso-Ciudad
Juarez region.
The ISARM Americas National Coordinators presented thorough descriptions of the priority casestudies in process or under consideration.
The meeting was enriched with a common ground of experiences that call for a regional strategy
on the sustainable management of shared groundwaters, also thanks to the past two years of
64
Programme activities, in which the countries achieved a better understanding of the problems and
opportunities of the American transboundary aquifers.
THE MEMBER STATE REPRESENTATIVES POINTED OUT SPECIFIC INTERESTS AND NEEDS TO BE ADDRESSED
IN THE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE YEAR 2005, SPECIFIC ASPECTS ARE
INCLUDED:
IN THE FUTURE ACTIVITIES.
Hydrogeological and environmental aspects:
•
•
•
•
Take into account the role of GW in mitigating the effects of the climatic variability and in
preserving related ecosystem in the development of the integrated groundwater/surface
water management
Call for attention for the devastating effects of deforestation on the fragile areas of aquifer
recharge
Growing urbanization resulting in reduced recharge, requires “optimal” adapted urban
drainage management
Concentrate efforts to improve and preserve the information on the aquifers, beyond the
socio-political and technical ups and downs of the countries. Encourage the involvement
of academia and centers of investigation in studies and projects.
SOCIO-ECONOMICAL ASPECTS:
• NEED FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY GW MANAGEMENT, DRIVEN BY THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABILITY
AND BY CONFLICT RESOLUTION APPROACH. INVOLVEMENT OF THE CIVIL SOCIETY, INCLUDING
INDIGENOUS POPULATION.
INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS:
• TAKE INTO ACCOUNT OTHER COUNTRIES’ EXAMPLES AND EXPERIENCE IN THE PREPARATION OF
GW REGULATIONS, LAWS AND AGREEMENTS. NEED FOR INFORMATION EXCHANGE.
• BASE THE FORMULATION OF LEGISLATIVE INSTRUMENTS ON TECHNICAL INFORMATION.
• ADOPT OR LEARN FROM, WHENEVER THE CASE, LAWS AND REGULATIONS FOR SURFACE WATERS.
• STREGTHEN THE INSTITUTIONS.
AN UPDATED LIST OF PRIORITY TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS WAS ALSO IDENTIFIED, WITH THEIR STATUS
2005:
IN
NORTH AMERICA :
BOLSON DEL HUECO (MEXICO-USA) - EXECUTED BY IBWC/CILA
CARIBBEAN:
ARTIBONITO-MASACRE (DOMINAN REP.-HAITI)- CONCEPT PAPER DEVELOPED BY UNEP-OAS TO BE
SUBMITTED TO GEF FOR FINANCING.
CENTRAL AMERICA:
OSTUA-METAPAN (GUATEMALA-EL SALVADOR)
ESTERO REAL-RIO NEGRO (HONDURAS-NICARAGUA)
SOUTH AMERICA:
GUARANI (ARGENTINA-BRASIL-PARAGUAY-URUGUAY) - ON-GOING PROJECT (GEF/WORLD
BANK/OAS)
65
YRENDA-TOBA-TARIJENO (ARGENTINA-BOLIVIA-PARAGUAY) - TO BE EXECUTED IN THE FRAME OF THE LA
PLATA GEF/UNEP/OAS PROJECT
PANTANAL (BOLIVIA-BRASIL-PARAGUAY)- PROJECT CONCEPT DEFINITION: MEETING IN CORUMBA’ (BR),
MARCH 30TH-31ST, 2005
BOA VISTA – NORTH SAVANNA (GUYANA-BRASIL) - SUBMITTED TO OAS FOR FINANCING THROUGH
FEMCIDI FUNDS
ZARUMILLA (ECUADOR-PERU) - PROJECT FUNDED BY IAEA
PATINO (ARGENTINA-PARAGUAY)
SAN ANTONIO DEL TACHIRA – CUCUTA (COLOMBIA-VENEZUELA)
Third Coordination Workshop of the UNESCO/OAS ISARM-Americas Programme
- Sao Paulo do Brasil, BR, November 2005
During the El Paso meeting in 2004, Brazil offered to host in 2005 the third Coordination
Workshop of the UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas in Sao Paulo do Brasil.
The workshop will focus in particular the design of the Monograph “Inventory of Transboundary
Aquifers of the Americas – Managing Shared Groundwater Resources in the American
Hemisphere”, which will be edited by UNESCO and presented to the International Water Forum in
Mexico, in March, 2006.
During the meeting, the countries are expected to present their contributions to the book, that is
a description of their transboundary aquifers and an analysis of the information provided in the
previous months.
As the most substantial contribution to the publication, the participants will also try to define a
regional vision and strategy for the American transboundary groundwater resources. It will be
based on the identification of the major problems as well as of the specific opportunities related to
the transboundary aquifers, and it will aim to adopt sustainable IWRM through a multi-faceted
coordination among the countries.
Other activities
The Inventory of Transboundary Aquifers of the Americas and the priority casestudies
From the start of its activities in 2003 up to now, the Programme has assessed the prevalence of
transboundary aquifers in the Western Hemisphere, through compiled questionnaires sent by a
network
According to the Inventory, as of November 2004, 62 transboundary aquifers have been
identified: 36 located in South America, 15 in Central America, 8 in North America (U.S.A.-Mexico
border only), and 3 in the Caribbean (Fig. 1; Table 1a,b).
Interestingly, recurrent features emerged from this first assessment of the western hemisphere
transboundary aquifers. For example, it has been recognized that many American transboundary
aquifers are located: i) in arid and semi-arid regions; ii) in areas extremely vulnerable to natural
hazards and to climatic variability due to CC; iii) in areas with severe land/water degradation due
to increased urbanization and industrialization, extensive agriculture and deforestation, which
heavily impact entire ecosystems; iv) in areas of potential water use conflict, with high levels of
poverty and health uncertainty.
The UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas Case-Studies
66
In the spring of 2004, the ISARM-Americas Steering Committee identified three priority casestudies from the list. They are located in areas of particular concern in the Americas:
-
-
Inter-mountainous and coastal transboundary aquifers in Small Islands Developing States
(SIDs) : the Artibonite and Masacre aquifers in the Hispaniola Island (Haiti – Dominican
Rep.)
Transboundary aquifers in semi-arid zones of South America: the Yrenda-Toba-Tarijeno
aquifer system in the Gran Chaco Americano (Argentina-Bolivia-Paraguay)
Transboundary aquifers in urban areas: the Hueco Bolson aquifer (Messico-USA)
The Artibonito and Masacre Transboundary Aquifers (Dominican Rep. – Haiti) are
respectively located in the intermontainous central region and in the northern coast of the
Hispaniola Island, along the border between the two countries. Extensive deforestation in the
upper reaches of the Artibonito basin has transformed the natural landscape, heavily impacting
the health of ecosystems and introducing elements of high vulnerability to climatic fluctuations.
Along the northern coast, sea-water intrudes into shallow aquifers polluting groundwater with its
high saline content. Masacre coastal transboundary aquifer represents a valuable freshwater
resource for both the countries and it is being affected by saline intrusion due to overexploitation.
Under the auspices of the UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas Programme, the Dominican Republic
and Haiti officially agreed to undertake a cooperative work “To sustainably manage the aquifers in
the intermountain and coastal regions of Hispaniola with a view to reduce land degradation,
excess erosion-sedimentation, and poverty “, through a pilot-project which is has been granted
by the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and executed with the support of the OAS, the United
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the UNESCO-IHP.
The joint sustainable management of the Hispaniola shared groundwater resources will help to
mitigate the devastating rate of land degradation and of the ecosystems associated to
groundwater. The project will identify the technical, legal, scientific and governance gaps, and
strengthens the institutions responsible for water resource management. It will also focus on
testing schemes for managed groundwater recharge in identified adequate locations and aquifers,
as a mean to mitigate the high vulnerability of these two countries to extreme climatic conditions,
such as destructive hurricanes, high rainfall periods that alternate with extended droughts, which
cause innumerable deaths, economic losses and further degradation.
The Yrenda – Toba – Tarijeño Transboundary Aquifer System – SAYTT underlies the Gran
Chaco Americano, a wide semi-arid region where nearly the eighty per cent of the rural
population lacks access to potable water. The aquifer extends in Bolivia, Argentina and Paraguay
for approximately 350.000 km2, covering about 40 per cent of the Gran Chaco, from the
intermountain aquifers and recharge areas in the Andean belt to the Chaco plains, where
groundwater recharge from the Andes foothills mixes with the saline groundwater of the plain
creating a complex aquifer system. In this area, the problem of water scarcity is compounded by
the recent population increase, agricultural land use and/or industrial intensification, and by
salinization and pollution.
This ISARM case-study will be addressed within the wider context of the Project “Framework for
the Management of the Water Resources of the La Plata River Basin”. This project is being carried
out by the countries that share the basin - Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Uruguay, in close
coordination with the Plata Basin Intergovernmental Commission - and supported by UNEP and
OAS, with financial assistance from the GEF. La Plata Project will seek to identify joint water
67
management priorities and to establish a framework to adapt to increasing risks of major floods
and droughts, due for example to the El Nino events, as well as to prevent contamination from
excessive sediment loads in the Plata estuary.
As part of this effort, the Yrenda-Toba-Tarijeno pilot-project is being developed with a special
fund obtained from the Ministry of Environment of Italy, dedicated to strengthen the joint
management of the shared groundwaters, as a strategic component of the overall Plata Basin
Management context.
The pilot-project will provide a comprehensive understanding of the aquifer system and of its
function in supporting human needs and providing environmental sustainability, as well as a
guidance for the actions to be taken in other aquifers located in the La Plata Basin in order to
establish more sustainable management mechanisms.
The Hueco-Bolson Transboundary Aquifer is shared by Mexico and the United States and
represents an interesting example of urban aquifer in an arid area, primarily mined for domestic
and industrial use.
Hueco-Bolson is located to the east and south of the cities of El Paso, Texas, USA, and Ciudad
Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico, and is bisected by an international river, Rio Grande/Rio Bravo, that
forms the boundary between the two countries. It is one of the few good quality-water resources
of this very arid region, currently the sole water source for Ciudad Juarez and accounting for 30%
of the domestic water for the City of El Paso.
The Cities of El Paso and Ciudad Juarez apply a diverse program for the exploitation and
protection of the aquifer, with elements of conservation, water rights acquisition, surface water
use, and use of wastewater effluent treated to advanced secondary/tertiary standards. An
important source of artificial recharge is the Hueco Bolson Recharge Project operated by the El
Paso Water Utilities (EPWU). In the Fred Hervey Water Reclamation Plant approximately 10
million gallons per day (mgd) of raw wastewater is treated to potable water standards. Half that
amount is then injected into the aquifer.
Up to now, still few legal agreements relative to the groundwater mining from the Hueco Bolson
are currently in place, and water extraction is subject to the laws and regulations of the Republic
of Mexico and the states of Texas and New Mexico. For many years, the Hueco Bolson was the
object of long disputes between the two states of New Mexico and Texas that finally ended in
1991 with the creation of a Joint Settlement Agreement, and of the New Mexico Texas Water
Commission in 2001.
There is a memorandum of understanding between the El Paso Water Utilities (EPWU) and the
Junta Municipal de Agua y Saneamiento de Juarez (JMAS) based on data exchange and future
development
planning.
68
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
A detailed programme for the activities of the years 2006-2007 will be discussed with the
countries during the Third Coordination Workshop of the UNESCO-OAS ISARM Americas
Programme, which will be held in Sao Paulo, BR, in November 2005.
The activities will be focused on the continuation of the development of the Inventory of
Transboundary Aquifers. It is planned to prepare and edit three volumes, the first will be
published and presented during the IV World Water Forum, which will be held in Mexico in March
2006.
During the San Paulo Workshop, ISARM Americas National Coordinators will discuss in detail the
contents and structure of the 10 volume and the lineaments for the other volumes.
A schematic structure of the 10 volume (annex 1) will be proposed as a discussion starting-point.
The aim of the book “MANAGING TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS IN THE AMERICAS Preliminary Assessment” is to assemble all the information gathered during the last two years
of activities of the Programme, as a result of the tremendous effort made by the American
countries.
The book will include a compilation of geological, hydrogeological data on each Transboundary
Aquifer identified in the Americas, as well as water quality and quantity data, actual use and
expected demand, and legal and institutional framework. Maps of the aquifers will be also
annexed. All information will be analysed and a preliminary assessment for each sub-region –
North, Central, South and the Caribbean - will be provided.
The second volume will be dedicated to a detailed analysis of the information, and to identify a
regional strategy to implement integrated groundwater management into the transboundary
context, taking into account legal and institutional frameworks. The third volume will be designed
to define strategic directions in light of the evolving UN ILC Convention, etc.
Other activities for the coming year will be particularly focused on the identification of socioeconomic drivers, institutional forces and legal aspects related to transboundary groundwater in
the American countries.
The UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas IV Workshop to be held in 2006 will be dedicated to these
topics.
69
FIG. 1 - APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF THE TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS IDENTIFIED IN THE AMERICAS
70
TABLE 1.A
MATRIX OF THE AMERICAN TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS
(NORTH, CENTRAL AMERICAS AND THE CARIBBEAN)
AND COUNTRIES SHARING THE RESOURCES
TABLA DE LOS ACUIFEROS
TRANSFRONTERIZO DEL
PROGRAMA UNESCO-OEA ISARM
AMERICAS
ubicacion mapa /
map location
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
61
62
Acuiferos Transfronterizos /
Transboundary Aquifers
AMERICA DEL NORTE/NORTH
AMERICA
Tijuana
Valle de Mexicali
Valle San Luis -Rio Colorado (Yuma)
Rio Santa Cruz
Nogales
Rio San Pedro
Conejos - Medanos
Bolson (Valle de Juarez)
Cambrian - Ordovician
AMERICA CENTRAL/CENTRAL
AMERICA
Sixaola
Coto
Hondo San Pedro
San Pedro
Usamancita
Chixoy - Xaclbal
Selegua - Cuilco
Coatan - Suchiate
Bajo Suchiate
Cuenca La Paz (Ahuachapan-Las
Chinamas)
Alto-Paz - Ostua/Metapan
Motagua Norte
Motagua Sur
Olopa
Rio Negro
UNESCO-OAS ISARM
AMERICAS PROGRAMME TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS
TABLE
Paises / Countries
Mexico-United
Mexico-United
Mexico-United
Mexico-United
Mexico-United
Mexico-United
Mexico-United
Mexico-United
Canada-United
Num. paises /
countries no.
States
States
States
States
States
States
States
States
States
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Costa Rica-Panamá
Costa Rica-Panamá
Guatemala-Mexico
Guatemala-Mexico
Guatemala-Mexico
Guatemala-Mexico
Guatemala-Mexico
Guatemala-Mexico
Guatemala-Mexico
El Salvador-Guatemala
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
El Salvador-Guatemala
Guatemala-Honduras
Guatemala-Honduras
Guatemala-Honduras
Honduras-Nicaragua
2
2
2
2
2
Haiti-Republica Dominicana
Haiti-Republica Dominicana
Haiti-Republica Dominicana
2
2
2
CARIBE/CARIBBEAN
49
50
51
Artibonito
Masacre
Pedernales
71
TABLE 1B.
MATRIX OF THE AMERICAN TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS
AND COUNTRIES SHARING THE RESOURCES (SOUTH AMERICA)
TABLA DE LOS ACUIFEROS
TRANSFRONTERIZO DEL PROGRAMA
UNESCO-OEA ISARM AMERICAS
UNESCO-OAS ISARM AMERICAS
PROGRAMME -TRANSBOUNDARY
AQUIFERS TABLE
AMERICA DEL SUR/SOUTH AMERICA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Guarani
Yrenda-Toba -Tarijeno
Salto Chico - Salto Chico
Litoraneo-Chuy
Litoral - Sistema Acuífero en Areniscas Cretácicas
Probable
El Condor
Caiua
Serra Geral; Serra Geral-Arapey
Ignimbritas Cordillera Occidental
Solimoes
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
63
64
65
Jaci Parana y Parecis
Pantanal
Permianos
Ica
Sedimentos Paleo-Proterozoicos
Serra do Tucano
Boa Vista
Sem Denominacao
Costeiro
Furnas e Altos Gracas
Zarumilla - Machala
Concordia - Caplina
Ascotan - Silala - Ollague
Puna
Tulcan
Coronel Oviedo Basamento Cristalino
Agua Dulce Palmar de las Islas
Titicaca
Arauca
Guajira
San Antonio Urena Santander
Sedimentos Grupo Roraima
Zanderji; Coesewijne; A-sand
Jurado
Rio Negro-Itapucumi
Tumbes - Puyango
Chira - Catamayo
Argentina-Brasíl-Paraguay-Uruguay
Argentina-Bolivia-Paraguay
Argentina-Uruguay
Brasíl-Uruguay
Argentina-Uruguay
Argentina-Chile
Argentina-Chile
Argentina-Brasíl-Paraguay
Argentina-Brasíl-Paraguay-Uruguay
Bolivia-Perú
Bolivia-Brasíl-Colombia-EcuadorPerú
Bolivia-Brasíl
Bolivia-Brasíl-Paraguay
Brasíl-Uruguay
Brasíl-Colombia
Brasíl-Guyana-Venezuela
Brasíl-Guyana
Brasíl-Guyana
Brasíl-Surinam
Brasíl-Guyana (F)
Brasíl-Paraguay
Ecuador-Perú
Chile-Perú
Bolivia-Chile
Argentina-Chile
Colombia-Ecuador
Brasíl-Paraguay
Bolivia-Paraguay
Bolivia-Perú
Colombia-Venezuela
Colombia-Venezuela
Colombia-Venezuela
Brasíl-Venezuela
Guyana-Surinam
Colombia-Panamá
Bolivia-Paraguay
Ecuador-Perú
Ecuador-Perú
4
3
2
2
2
2
2
3
4
2
5
2
3
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
72
ANNEX 1
UNESCO/OAS ISARM Americas Programme
MANAGING TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS IN THE AMERICAS
Preliminary Assessment
Contents
PREFACE
1. INVENTORY OF THE TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS OF THE REGION
1.1 Background and methodology
1.2 Beyond the Inventory of Transboundary Aquifers
2. NORTH AMERICA TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS
2.1 Sub-regional overview
2.2 Canada – USA (Cambrian – Ordovician;……)
2.3 Mexico – USA (Bolson; Conejos-Medanos; Nogales; Rio Santa Cruz; Rio San Pedro;
Tijuana; Valle de Mexicali; Valle San Luis – Rio Colorado/Yuma)
3. THE CARIBBEAN TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS
3.1 Sub-regional overview
3.2 Dominican Rep. – Haiti ( Artibonite; Massacre; Pedernales)
4. CENTRAL AMERICA TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS
4.1 Sub-regional overview
4.2 Costa Rica – Panama (Sixaola, Coto)
4.3 El Salvador – Guatemala (Alto Paz- Ostua/Metapan; Cuenca La Paz Ahuachapan – Las
Chinamas)
4.4 Guatemala – Honduras (Motagua Norte; Motagua Sur; Olopa)
4.5 Guatemala – Mexico (Bajo Suchiate; Coatan-Suchiate; Chixoy-Xacibal; Hondo San Pedro;
San Pedro; Selegua-Cuilco; Usamancita)
4.6 Honduras – Nicaragua (Rio Negro)
5. SOUTH AMERICA TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS
5.1 Sub-regional overview
5.2 Argentina – Chile (El Condor; Puna; sin denom-probable)
5.3 Argentina- Bolivia-Paraguay (Yrenda-Toba- TArijeno)
5.4 Argentina – Brazil-Paraguay-Uruguay (Guarani; Serra Geral; Serra Geral-Arapey)
5.5 Argentina- Uruguay (Litoral; Salto Chico-Salto Chico)
5.6 Bolivia – Brazil (Jaci Parana y Parecis)
5.7 Bolivia- Brazil-Colombia-Ecuador-Peru (Solimoes)
5.8 Bolivia – Brazil – Paraguay (Pantanal)
5.9 Bolivia-Chile (Ascotan-Silala-Ollague)
5.10 Bolivia –Paraguay (Agua Dulce Palmar de las Islas; Rio Negro-Itapucumi)
5.11 Bolivia- Peru (Ignimbritas Cordillera Occidental; Titicaca)
5.12 Brazil-Colombia (Ica)
5.13 Brazil- Guyana (Boa Vista; Serra do Tucano)
5.14 Brazil-Guyana- Venezuela (Sedimentos Paleo-Proterozoicos)
5.15 Brazil- Guyana Francesa (Costeiro)
73
5.16
5.17
5.18
5.19
5.20
5.21
5.22
5.23
5.24
5.25
5.26
Brazil-Paraguay (Furnas y Altos Gracas; Coronel Oviedo Basamento cristalino)
Brazil-Paraguay-Uruguay (Caiua)
Brazil – Suriname (Sin denominación)
Brazil-Uruguay (Litoraneo-Chuy; Permianos)
Brazil-Venezuela (Sedimentos Grupo Roraima)
Chile-Peru (Concordia Caplina)
Colombia-Ecuador (Tulcán)
Colombia-Panama (Jurado)
Colombia-Venezuela (Arauca; Guajira; San Antonio Urena Santander)
Ecuador-Peru (Zarumilla-Machala)
Guyana-Suriname (Zanderji; Coesewijne; A-sand)
6. CONCLUSIONS
7. RECOMMENDATIONS
8. REFERENCES
9. PARTICIPANT INSTITUTIONS
74
75
VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
INTERNATIONAL SEDIMENTATION INITIATIVE
Coordinator, a.i.:
Marcelo Gaviño
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
76
77
PROGRAMME: International Sedimentation Initiative
COORDINATOR: Marcelo Gaviño Novillo, Regional Coordinator PRISI a.i., Departamento de
Hidráulica, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 Nº 200 – 1900 - La Plata, Argentina. PhoneFax: (54 221) 453 1996, e-mail: [email protected]
BACKGROUND
Over the last century it has been verified at the regional and global level an increase in the
vulnerability (social, infrastructure, economical, productive systems, among others) due to
erosion and sedimentation problems. In order to face these processes and to achieve the
compromises assumed during the Johannsburg Conference and Millenium Goals, there is an
increasing awareness over these process and their consequences from different perspectives
(scientific, technical, institutional and social), that aims to develop strategies for Sediment
Management. It is in this context that the UNESCO International Hydrological Programme had
made the resolution during the 15º Intergovernmental Council Meeting (June 2002) to
implement the International Sedimentation Initiative (ISI).
This initiative has been launched as one of the main activities in the IHP VI Phase, with the
purpose to develop a new perspective on the actual efforts that different organizations are
making within integrated water resources management at the global scale context. One of the
ISI expected results is to promote a wider vision of the erosion and sedimentation problems, in
which the involvement of specialized professionals go hand-to-hand with that of the decision
and policy makers.
The main objectives of ISI, are:
•
To increase awareness about erosion and sedimentation issues,
•
To promote a sustainable soil and sediment sources management,
•
To establish the basis for policies development and implementation.
The ISI implementation strategy is supported by the development of serie of activities, among
them:
Global Evaluation of Erosion and Sediment Transport Processes (GEST): With the objective of
developing a global database with information that could be used to assess erosion and
sedimentation at a global level, and the economical and social impact and risks (presents and
futures)
To implement basins all over the world as study cases, with the aim of increasing awareness
about erosion and sedimentation problems in selected basins. In the case of Latin America and
the Caribbean, the Parana River Basin and in particular de Bermejo River Basin had been
selected as study cases.
To review research activities on erosion and sedimentation; To establishes links and to follow
up on the state-of-the-art on these issues, with particular focus on the ICCORES links that
brings together a variety of related organizations
Education and capacity building on a integrated sediment management: with the aim of
supporting and developing different initiatives at all levels, following regional priorities and site
specific ecological and socio-economical characteristics.
This initiative originated in a meeting that was held at UNESCO Regional Office for Europe,
Venice, Italy, August 2003, with members of the Ecohydrology Programme Steering
Committee. In this opportunity, specialist from the LAC Region, participate in the Programme
formulation, and assumed the compromise to elaborate the basic document of the Project. On
78
March 2004 at the UNESCO Office in Paris, the working group consolidated, and the
components and guidelines of the Programme started to be established. In this context, the
International Sedimentation Initiative for Latin America and the Caribbean was Regional
Programme (PRISI) was established. Also formal actions started to be developed, among them
an active participation of the UNESCO/ISI Working Team.
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
9.
Special Session “Hacia una gestión de la sedimentación” (April 1, 2005)
The main objective of this session was to introduce the UNESCO IHP-LAC Interantional
Sedimentation Initiative Regional Programme, through different presentations on the
programme activities, working and research guidelines, and strategies for sediment
management. The session was held within the framework of the “Curso Internacional de
Postrgrado en el Manejo Integral de los Recursos Hídricos”, from the Universidad de Buenos
Aires in collaboration with the Argentinian Water Resources Institute (April 1, 2005). At the
session were: Dr. Manfred Spreafico, Director, Swiss National Hydrological and Geological
Survey and, Dr. James Bathurst, Coordinator, IHP UNESCO Working Team- Newcastle
University (England); Dr. Andrés Iroumé, Vicerrector Universidad Austral (Chile); y otros
especialistas argentinos como el Dr. Alfonso Pujol, FIUBA; Ing. Daniel Brea, Instituto Nacional
del Agua; Ing. Daniel Farías, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero; Ing. Leandro Diaz,
Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Ing. Jorge Larrán, Salta Province Reprsentant; Ing.
Edgardo Sosa, COREBE President. Tha Special Session co-sponsored by the Argentianian IHP
Nacional Comité, the Instituto Argentino de Recursos Hídricos Universidad de Buenos Aires, the
Facultad de Ingeniería del Departamento de Hidráulica, the Escuela de Ingeniería Hidráulica;
the Ministerio de Planificación Federal, Inversión Pública y Servicios through the Subsecretaría
de Recursos Hídricos and the Comité Nacional para el Programa Hidrológico Internacional
Instituto Nacional del Agua Laboratorio de Hidráulica.
10. Workshop “Componente de América del Sur de PRISI” (October 23-25, 2005) and
Workshop “Componente de Mesoamérica y el Caribe de PRISI” (December 11-13, 2005)
In order to establishes a regional agenda, the Regional Programme is going to develop two
workshop, one in Brasilia another one in Mexico, in order to: design the Subregional GEST
Project components and the Project database, select of ISI study case basins; identify the
erosion and sedimentation research activities; and plan education and capacity building on
these issues.
11. Other activities
A meeting with Dr. Manfred Spreafico and the Consultant Cristhof Lehman, was held at the
National Hydrological and Geological Survey, Swiss, March 2005, in order to define a Manual
with Case Studies. As a result of this activity a publication was elaborated in English.
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
The final agenda of the Regional programme will be defined during the Workshops that are
going to be held during the end of 2005 The following results are expected:
1) To organize the GEST Regional Project database and metadata
The electronic version of a publication with the database and metadata for South America
(Universidad de Brasilia y Administración Nacional del Agua – Brasil, and the Instituto
Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua-México) and programme coordination.
2) Course on Reservoir Sedimentation (Place to be determined, June 2006)
79
3) III Iberoamerican Congress on Erosion Control and Sediments (Buenos Aires,
Argentina, August 9-11, 2006)
4) Course on River Basin Managment (Foz de Iguazú , Brasil, 2007)
5) Evaluación Regional de la Erosión y Sedimentación en América del Sur. Publication to
be developed together with the South American Programme Component
6) Others
FURTHER INFORMATION
Marcelo Gaviño Novillo
Coordinador Regional PRISI a.i.
Departamento de Hidráulica
Universidad Nacional de La Plata,
47 Nº 200 – 1900 - La Plata
TE/FAX: 54.221.4531996
e-mail: [email protected]
ARGENTINA
Comité Nacional para el Programa
Hidrológico Internacional,
Paseo Colón 189, Piso 12
TE: + 54.11.4349 7442
FAX: + 54.11.4349 7425
E-MAIL: [email protected]
ARGENTINA
80
81
VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
-PccP“FROM POTENTIAL CONFLICT TO
CO-OPERATION POTENTIAL”
Coordinator:
Gilberto Canali
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
82
83
PROGRAMME: “From Potential Conflict to Co-operation Potential” (PccP) Programme
for Latin America and the Caribbean
COORDINATOR: Gilberto Valente Canali, Av. Rubens Arruda Ramos, 1496/1001
88015.700, Florianópolis SC, Brasil. Phone: (5561) 32242035, (5561) 32242010.
Fax: (5541) 225 0338, e mail: [email protected]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The “From Potential Conflict to Co-operation Potential” (PccP) Programme represents one of
the UNESCO´s contributions to the World Water Assessment Programme and was born with
the “Purpose of strengthening the capacity of Member States and other key players in the
management of shared water resources, to anticipate, prevent and resolve water conflicts”.
The concrete goals of the PccP at a global level are the development of educational material,
development of appropriate institutional frameworks, contribution to the improvement of legal
tools, development of a comprehensive information system, and the dissemination of results.
The target audiences of PccP are donors and funding agencies, educators at all levels,
professionals and policymakers (current and future) involved in water management. The first
phase (2001-2003) was realized by developing a Disciplinary track, a Case Study Track and
an Educational Track. The last track gave as output three training volumes and four short
courses developed in collaboration of some institutions of the South African Development
Community (SADC) countries.
The second phase started officially in 2004, with the aim to work in the field of Research,
Education, Technical Assistance, and Public Awareness and Outreach. Regarding the
educational field, one of the main actions planned is the adaptation of four short courses to
different regions of the World. In this framework, in 2005, under the coordination of the
International Hydrological Programme from Latin America and the Caribbean (IHP-LAC) of
UNESCO, a multidisciplinary group of experts from different countries of the region was
constituted with the purpose of regionalizing three volumes (Course Book, Reader, and
Handouts) written during the first PccP phase for SADC countries, and to project and
implement a Pilot Course addresses to mid-level professionals, postgraduate students and
stakeholder representatives, to be identified in the categories of Water Experts, Non-Water
Experts, and Journalists.
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
In the month of May between the 2nd and 4th, a first meeting hosted by UNESCO Regional
Office for Science, for Latin America and the Caribbean (Montevideo, Uruguay) was held, with
the following objectives:
-
Integrate the different backgrounds of the working team
Focus on regional issues concerning water management and conflict prevention
Focus on a short post graduate course in LAC Region
Prepare a work plan for the adaptation of the PccP short course to the LAC
At the meeting participated experts coming from Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico,
The Netherlands, Uruguay, and Venezuela. The experts involved had very different
backgrounds in the following disciplines: Agronomy, Economy, Geography,
Hydrology, Law, Political Science, Social Sciences and Engineering.
During the meeting, a first revision of the Volumes, related to the African course, was made, in
order to identify the main issues that required translation/regionalization. In this occasion, the
experts also discussed the logistic of the work undertaken, and each of them assumed the
coordination of a Chapter to be translated/regionalized. Finally, the experts developed a timetable of the future activities to be realized in the framework of the project. In this occasion Mr.
Gilberto Valente Canali was selected as the Project Coordinator.
In the period between May and October, 2005 the following activities were realized:
84
-Weekly newsletter internal to the PccP-LAC team, in order to send constant updates about the
state of the art of the programme.
- Monthly teleconference between the Programme Coordinator, UNESCO Paris and UNESCO
Montevideo.
- Web site, in English, with free-access section, reporting general information about PccP-LAC
and a restricted access area, reporting working documents and available only for the PccP
group members. See http://www.unesco.org.uy/phi/pccp
- Translation, from English to Spanish, of some sections and subsections of the volume Course
Book of the course “Prevención de Conflictos y Cooperación en el Manejo del Agua en
America Latina”
-Writing of new articles for the volume Course Book of the course “Prevención de Conflictos
y Cooperación en el Manejo del Agua en America Latina”
- Selection of Case studies and bibliography to be inserted in the volume Reader of the Course
“Prevención de Conflictos y Cooperación en el Manejo del Agua en America Latina”
- Request of the license to publish to the authors of the papers which will integrate the
volumes Course Book and Reader of the course “Prevención de Conflictos y Cooperación
en el Manejo del Agua en America Latina”
- Preparation of the Second PccP-LAC Meeting. The meeting will be held in Miami, USA,
October 17-19, 2005. During this event the Volume Course Book of the course “Prevención
de Conflictos y Cooperación en el Manejo del Agua en America Latina” will be revised.
Moreover, the Pilot Course and the Third Evaluation Meeting will be planned.
-Preparation of the PccP-LAC Pilot Course. The course will be held in Guayaquil, Ecuador,
November 28th- December 2nd. At the course will be invited students, Water experts, Nonwater Experts and Journalists coming from South America and Central America countries. The
classes will de given by the PccP-LAC team members and, eventually, by some high qualified
senior professional bringing their experience at the course.
- THE THIRD PCCP-LAC MEETING WILL BE HELD IN GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, BETWEEN DECEMBER 3-5, 2005.
DURING THE MEETING AN EVALUATION OF THE PILOT COURSE AND OF THE FIRST PHASE OF THE PROJECT WILL BE
MADE. MOREOVER, THE FUTURE OBJECTIVES AND STEPS FOR THE ENTIRE PROJECT WILL BE SET.
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
-EDITING IN THE SPANISH VERSION OF THE READING BOOK AND HANDBOOK “PREVENCIÓN DE CONFLICTOS Y
COOPERACIÓN EN EL MANEJO DEL AGUA EN AMERICA LATINA”
- WRITING AND PRESENTATION OF THE REPORT OF THE FIRST PHASE OF THE PCCP-LAC PROGRAMME, IF IT IS
POSSIBLE AT THE 4TH WORLD WATER FORUM (WWF): MARCH 16-22, 2006, MEXICO.
- TRANSLATION OF THE PCCP-LAC WEB SITE IN ENGLISH AND PORTUGUESE: IN THE FIRST SIX MONTH OF THE
2006.
- DISSEMINATION OF THE COURSE “PREVENCIÓN DE CONFLICTOS Y COOPERACIÓN EN EL MANEJO DEL AGUA EN
AMERICA LATINA” IN DIFFERENT LATIN AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS. STEPS TOWARDS INTEGRATION OF THE
COURSE INTO THE POSTGRADUTE CURRICULA OF VARIOUS UNIVERSITIES IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE
CARIBBEAN.
NOTE: IN VIEW OF THE FACT THAT THE PCCP PROGRAMME IS ON ITS DEVELOPMENT, THE SCHEDULE OF
ACTIVITIES TO BE CARRIED OUT ON THE FOLLOWING BIENNIUM IS STILL IN PROGRESS.
COUNTERPARTS
The experts participating in the project represent institutions of their own country, from which
they receive logistic and intellectual support. The institutions participating are the following:
Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Argentina
Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil, Ecuador
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico D.F., Mexico;
Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo, Uruguay
Universidad Católica Andrés Bello (UCAB), Caracas, Venezuela
UNESCO-IHE institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands
85
VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
WORKING GROUP OF SNOW, ICE AND GLACIERS
Coordinator:
Rodolfo Iturraspe
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
86
87
PROGRAMME: Working Group of Snow, Ice and Glaciers of the International Hydrological
Programme for Latin America and the Caribbean (WGSIG IHP) –LAC
COORDINATOR: Rodolfo Javier Iturraspe, Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas
(CADIC-CONICET), Av. Bernardo Houssay 200, Casilla de Correos 92
(9410) Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, [email protected]
VICE-COORDINATOR: Edson Ramírez, Instituto de Hidráulica e Hidrologia, Universidad
Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia, e mail: [email protected]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The main aim of the working group is to promote the study and research on glaciers and snow
in Latin America and Caribbean Countries, by providing a stimulating framework to elicit
discussion, knowledge exchange, and training in the above mentioned matters, with the
coordination of efforts and resources, and contributing, finally, to the achievement of the main
aim of IHP: “improve the quality of life of the inhabitants of the region through the scientific
and technological development of water sciences”.
In almost all Latin American countries the main freshwater sources are supplied mostly by
glaciers and seasonal snow fields located in high mountains. Nevertheless, there is a strong
lack of information related to the behaviour of these storage sites, which seem to be very
sensible to climatic fluctuations. At this extent, it has been observed the disappearing of
several glaciers during the last century and the shrinking of other, affecting consequently
water resources availability in arid and semi arid zones with “glacionivales aortas”. At the same
time, the occurrence of catastrophic events associated with glacier covered volcanoes
eruptions and other events linked to glacier dynamic, produces serious damages with the lostof
human lives and imposes the need for studies on preventive measures.
In front of the need to promote and motivate activities, in the region, about this topic, thanks
to the International Hydrological Programme, to the International Commission on Snow and
Ice (ICSI) and the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), that were all carrying
out glaciological researches in tropical glaciers in South America in joint ventures with local
institutions, the WGSIG IHP – LAC was created during a meeting carried out in Valdivia, Chile,
in March 2003. At the present, the working Group consists of the following Latin American
countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Ecuador, and Peru. The national
representatives are scientists or professionals working actively in the topic. They carry out
different kinds of joint-scientific activities, with the valuable support of the IHP-LAC.
The working group has a Coordinator and a Vice-Coordinator that are renewed each
two years being elected by their peers. The system implemented is based in the
election of a Vice-Coordinator who after two days replaces the Coordinator. The
leaving coordinator collaborates in the management at least for the first years after
his departure. In this way, the continuity of policies and working modalities is
favoured, facilitating the transition, and the turn-over of the members in the
coordination is assured
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
a) Compilation and sending to referees of 21 scientific articles related to the presentations
carried out in the First Workshop and Symposium of Andean Snow and Ice for the
edition of a special number of Global & Planetary Change
b) The development and the edition of the Manual of Mass Balance (Francou, B. y
Pouyaud, B. – IRD). This material, prepared by IRD experts for the WGSIG IHP – LAC,
consists of a press edition and PDF digital format eidtion. It includes the compilation of
methodologies and standards of measure to be applied to mass balance of glaciers, with
specific applications for tropical glaciers. This material was presented to the Working
Group to be discussed and improved in view of a second edition.
88
c) The second GTNH IHP-LAC meeting and the SYMPOSIUM ON RECENT GLACIER
SHRINKAGE IN THE ANDES AND CONSEQUENCES FOR WATER RESOURCES, carried out
in Huarazm Perú, between 6 and 10 of July 2004, with local organization by INRENA –
National Institute of Natural resources – and additional support of ICSI and IRD,
included a scientific Symposium with 33 participants from 14 countries and the a
coordination meeting. During this event the state-of-the-art of current activities was
analyzed, the organization of a training course in glacier measurement was planned and
the debate of a new action plan was carried out In this occasion, Hugo Delgado as
Mexico representative and Jefferson Simoes from Brazil were integrated to the group.
d) Creation of the Monitoring Glaciers Network of the WGSIG IHP – LAC. It represents one
of the most significant results generated by the second coordination Meeting, The
Network of Mass Balance for Glaciers Monitoring included, in his starting phase, 26
glaciers. The purpose is the integration of the efforts achieved by researchers and
institutions from every country. The network is expected to facilitate the interchange of
the information obtained, to achieve a regional evaluation of glaciers behaviour, to
promote the search of resources from national organizations and to implement a
framework to facilitate international funding to supply its equipment and operational
needs.
e) Third Work Meeting of the WGSIG IHP – LAC and WORKSHOP ON ANDEAN GLACIOLOGY
took place in Foz de Iguazú, Brazil, 3-9 April, 2005. The workshop, that was part of the
IAHS Scientific Assembly, represented the framework for the scientific presentations of
the WGSIG IHP – LAC, with the presence of an important number of scientists coming
to the IAHS Scientific Assembly. At the end of the Workshop, the coordination meeting
was held, to talk about internal issues, especially to plan the training course for the
measurements of the Glaciers of La Paz, Bolivia, and to go ahead with the participants
selection. The Regional Hydrologist of the IHP-LAC, María Concepción Donoso, attended
the meeting and, at the end of the same, called a general meeting of the South
American participants at the IAHS Scientific Assembly, during which she described the
activities that the IHP is carrying out in South America. Further questions, suggestions
and comments by the participants were welcomed. The strategy to structure the
coordination meetings together with other international events permits to improve the
results of this activity, by opening the activities of the WGSIG IHP – LAC to the
international scientific community and optimizing the dissemination of the results
f) Fourth Coordination Meeting of the WGSIG IHP – LAC and workshop for the
measurements of the Glaciers of La Paz, August 2005. This activity proposed a new
working modality, because its platform didn’t have the nature of a scientific meeting
like the previous ones, but it was created on the basis of a training course, to update
and discuss methodologies for the different modalities to be used for glaciers
monitoring. The participants didn’t carry out, in this stage, presentations on the basis of
the outputs, but on the basis of methodology, experiences, difficulties, evaluation of
mistakes in the measurements, etc… Later, five field trips were made in order to carry
out in situ activities, and methodological discussions and evaluations of different kinds
of instruments and equipments were held. In the same time, the internal issues were
discussed, such as the turn over of authorities and the planning of activities for the next
biennium
g) Update of the Glaciers Monitoring Network of the WGSIG IHP – LAC. the Glaciers
Monitoring Network created in July 2004 was updated with new observation units, up to
30 glaciers, whit different instrumentation levels
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
The main activities for next biennium take into account:
89
a)
b)
•
•
•
•
c)
d)
e)
Consolidation of the glaciers Monitoring Network in Latin America with the build up of a
network in each country, with their own representatives. The most part of the glaciers
that are part of the Network, are monitored constantly since several years. All the
countries stated their need of acquiring instruments and equipment for the activity of
glaciers monitoring. The chances to receive support by the IHP-UNESCO regional office
of Montevideo will be evaluated, in order to drive the improvement of technical skills.
Workshop N. 5 of the working group together with to the event “CONCORD: Symposium
on Climate Change: Organizing the Science in the American Cordillera”, that will be held
in Mendoza, 4-6 April 2006. In the workshop agenda the following activities are
planned:
Monday, April the 3rd – AM: Workshop carrying out, progress of the activities of the
Working Group and future planes
Monday, April the 3th – AM: Visit at the laboratories of IANIGLA (Instituto Argentino de
Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales) and LEGAN (Laboratorio de Estratigrafía
Glaciar y Geoquímica del Agua y de la Nieve) in Mendoza.
From Tuesday the 4th to Thursday the 6th of April: participation to the Symposium
CONCORD. Mr. Bernard Franou is a member of the CONCORD Organization Committee
and will invite the Group Members to present their work on the topic “Alpine
Cryosphere”. It will be evaluated the opportunity to have a fly over the mountain mass
Nevado del Plomo and Monte Aconcagua to survey the glaciers of this area.
Friday the 7th and Saturady the oth of April: visit at the Horcones Inferior, Monte
Aconcagua glacier. The Horcones glacier is, at the moment, in a surge stage, that’s to
say advancing. During the trip to the glacier, the geology of the Mendoza river valley will
be visited. It is planned to spend Friday Night in the Puente del Inca refuge or in the
nearby area of, going back to Mendoza on Saturday.
Workshop N.6 of the Working Group in Mexico City in 2007, to focus on the development
of a Course-Workshop on the application of Remote Sensing, Geographical information
Systems and Digital Photography for glaciers observation. The workshop will be hosted
by Mr. Hugo Delgado, representative for Mexico. The main strategy of the Working
Group Meeting is to alternate scientific meetings and biannual Workshops like the one
carried out in La Paz, the purpose of which is the training of new members, experiences
interchange, and the standardization of methodologies and measurement techniques.
For 2006, it is planned the edition and the publication in Global & Planetary Change of a
special volume dedicated to Andean Glaciers, which was already reviewed by referees.
Edition of a book on glaciers in Latin America based on the actually available scientific
informatio. The material generated will be printed on high quality paper, and will include
colour images. A dictionary addressed to a public of non-specialists, in particular to
decision makers and competent institutions, will be prepared. The purpose of the book
will be to extend the group activities other than scientists, therefore, introducing glaciers
topics in each region or country. This way it is considered the relationship with IHP
cross-cutting programmes such as the Line of Action 3: Water education and capacitybuilding for sustainable development and security. The National representatives will be in
charge of writing and compiling the information corresponding to each country chapter,
of 25 pages length. An editorial committee will be charged to unify the format and style
of the document on the basis of a feedback by the authors. For the edition, planed for
2007, financial support to IHP will be asked. In this way, and taking into account the
precedent item, the Working group will cover the entire process scientific productionpublication.
Contributions from counterparts 2004-2005
IRD
Financing of transportation and accommodation expenses to facilitate the participation at
the meetings in Huraz (2004) and Foz de Iguazú (2005) and complementary expenses
for the organization of the course of Glaciers Monitoring carried out in La Paz in August
2005.
ICSI
Financing of transportation and accommodation expenses to facilitate the participation
at the meetings in Huraz (2004) and Foz de Iguazú (2005)
90
91
VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
WATER AND CULTURE
Coordinator:
Ramón Vargas
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
92
93
IHP PROGRAMME: Water and Culture
COORDINATOR: Ramón Vargas, Regional Coordinator, Sta. María de Oro nº 1266, 3500
Resistencia, Argentina, Tel: (54 3) 722 432904, [email protected]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Main Objective:
To provide a clear definition of Culture of Water and describe the importance of the value of
water resources to water resources managers, academicians, social scientists, natural
scientists and water resources specialists, in order to guide their actions within a theoretical
framework that shows a better understanding of the ethical, historical, cultural, and social
dimensions of water, and facilitate processes that impact positively on the change of Latin
American societies
To integrate social sciences, natural sciences and water sciences in order to produce and regenerate interdisciplinary knowledge and build a theoretical-conceptual framework to define
and study the Culture of Water (Scientists and Institutions Network).
Specific Objectives:
To develop a vision of the Cultures of Water in Latin America and the Caribbean from the
oldest cultures up to modern ethnical groups (Research Platform).
To specify the ample repertory and stimulate dissemination of the Culture of Water in Latin
America and the Caribbean and of all the expressions that sustain them: myths, proverbs,
hydraulic works, ways of organizations, kinds of production, etc…all of them, products of the
thousand of years development in its cultural diversity (WEB Page).
To collect, in a book, the different strategies and technological alternatives to utilize
and preserve water in Latin America, emphasizing relations between water related, cultural,
ethnographic, ecological, economical aspects, etc...(Atlas: book, CD, virtual Book)
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
In March 2004 it was launched the Project to elaborate an Atlas of the Cultures of Water in
Latin America (ACHAL in Spanish).
In May 2004 the Working Programme for the first phase of the ACHAL was elaborated.
In October 2004 the First ACHAL Working Group Meeting was held.
Since February 2005, the activities for gathering information related to Culture of
Water in Ethnics Groups, Cultures and Peoples of six Central American countries had
started. This work, it is expected to finish in 2005.
In July 2005, it was concluded the preliminary edition of the book by Ramón Vargas: “La
cultura del agua: lecciones de la América Indígena” (The Culture of Water: Latin America
Lesson). It is expected to be published in December 2005.
In September 2005, the first meeting of Central American consultants who are
gathering the information for the Atlas of the Cultures of Water in Latin America was
held
The book “El Hidroscopio”, published in August 2005 as a joint venture of UNESCO
(Montevideo) and PNUMA (Mexico) and the contents extracted from the book “La cultura del
agua: lecciones de la América Indígena” have been disseminated.
94
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
To go ahead with information gathering in other countries of the region.
To launch the Web Page, inserting periodically the information being produced.
To go ahead with the research of financing sources and institutional partners for the
programme Water and Culture
To take part in various events, when possible, to discuss and disseminate ideas about Culture
of Water in the region
To advance in the production of the Atlas of the Cultures of Water in Latin America
To carry out training courses and workshops, with regional institutions.
To carry out these activities the following actions are needed:
Programme Coordination: Financial resources are needed to allow the work of the
programme coordinator, in order to keep relations with the specialists network
Working group meetings: Personal contacts cannot be completely substituted by internet
contacts. Thus, the meetings represents another important issue in relation to times, costs,
travels of the participants etc…It is useful to have the meetings in different interesting sites
from the point of view of the culture of water. Indeed, a better integration between working
groups will be achieved, together with visits to museums and important institutions, and
archaeological sites.
Specific activities to collect already existing information: With different kinds of support
(internships, brief thesis, fellowship, etc…) it is planned to integrate the work of young
researchers for this task
Institutional agreements: It is needed to consolidate institutional agreements of cooperation and common actions to go ahead with the topic of Culture of Water
Missions to consolidate institutional agreements and interviews with scientists to
integrate the investigation and network platform: in some cases it will be useful to carry
out specific missions with this purpose
Meetings and Science Conferences: a very useful mean to build interests, debates,
exchange of opinions and consensus, is to have meetings and Science Conferences to work on
different aspects of the investigation platform.
The Programme Water and Culture is fully linked to the objectives of other UNESCO
programmes and activities, such as the Dialogue between Civilitizations (Culture and
Civilization: an historical approximation; “Routes” and intercultural projects; the pluralism of
the culture); Philosophy and Ethics (Intercultural Philosophy); Natural and Human Sciences;
Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB); and the Locals and Indigenous knowledge system
(LINKS).
95
VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
WATER AND EDUCATION
Coordinator:
Marcelo Gaviño
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
96
97
PROGRAMME: Water and Education
COORDINATOR: Marcelo Gaviño Novillo, Regional Coordinator PRISI, Departamento de
Hidráulica, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 Nº 200 – 1900 - La Plata, Argentina. PhoneFax: (54 221) 453 1996, e-mail: [email protected]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Following the celebration of the International Day of Freshwater in 2003 the CONAPHI
Argentina, under the auspice of the UNESCO Regional Office of Montevideo, developed the
educational kit “Water and Education: from Argentina to the Americas” that integrates
educational material for teachers to carry out activities in the framework of pre-primary
education and in the first six years of primary education, covering general terms of the
curricular contents related to water resources from an integrated point of view. The
educational material is composed of an activity guide, three posters describing the Water Cycle
and the educational materials for teachers.
The outputs were introduced during a Meeting held in Buenos Aires in the head office of the
Argentinean Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the 12th of March 2004. The official representatives
of several Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador,
United States, Honduras, México, Panama, Paraguay, Dominican Republic, Uruguay and
Venezuela) took part at the event. At the end of the meeting it was decided to implement a
validation stage of the educational material, with a participatory process as a contribution a
the International Decade for the Action “Water for Life”, nearly coincident to the “United
Nations decade of Education for Sustainable Development” (2005-2014). To follow up with the
programme a working group was constituted and integrated at the Regional Programme
Participation in other initiatives and institutions
With the purpose of enhancing interaction with other initiatives, the Working Group of the
Programme Water and Education established formal links with the WET programme (Water,
Education and Training), the educational programme of the US Geological Survey, and the
Programme “Gota a Gota” of the CONAPHI Chile.
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
1. Second phase of the Educational Kit
Between second semester of 2004 and first semester of 2005, a validation phase of the
educational kit was developed, by carrying out of five workshops in different Argentinean
environments. During this phase, about 250 teachers worked with the educational materials
and developed projects as part of a cluster of educational activities for the region. With this
material, a second version of the Activity guide, including project examples, was developed.
2. Adaptation of the Educational Kit to other languages
With the purpose to disseminating the Educational Kit to non-Spanish speaking countries, it
has been decided to translate and adapt the educational material in order to distribute it to
Caribbean countries. To achieve with this job, a consultant from Saint Lucia is adapting the
materials in order to have the final version by the end of 2005. The Educatioanl Kit for the
Caribbean will have new posters representing the regional context.
3. Development of educational material for children
In a complementary manner with the development of the validation phase in Argentina, it has
been decided to create a Regional Working Group with the participation of other NatComs. In
this framework in the city of Mendoza (Argentina) a workshop was held, with teachers from
Argentina and Chile and with the purpose to draw the basis for the development of materials
98
for children from a regional perspective. Principles and grounds for the development of this
material were established
Funding
To implement the activities of the project, in the biennium 2004-05 a basic financing was
received from the IHP regular budget of the Montevideo Regional Office. To this financing
funds were added form the Argentinean IHP Regional Committee and from Water National
Institute of Argentina.
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
The working agenda for the Regional Programme for this biennium presents the following
activities
1. Implementation of the validation phase of the Educational Kit Water and Education
in the Caribbean
Similar to the Latin America validation phase, it is expected to have a process of validation of
the educational material for the Caribbean. It is expected to develop workshops in different
countries.
2. Development of educational material for children
With the purpose of implementing the actions agreed in Mendoza Workshop it is expected to
develop the educational material for children with the participation of the IHP NatComs of the
countries of the region.
3. Application and follow-up of the Educational Kit
It is expected to develop several applications of the educational materials in Spanish in three
countries of the region to be defined together with the coordination of the programme and
UNESCO. By now the countries of Costa Rica, Paraguay, and Peru declared their interest in this
activity.
4. Special Session during the IV World Water Forum (March 2006)
In the framework of this important World event a special session will be developed together
with the project WET and the Mexican Institute of Water Technology in order to introduce
educational activities developed by UNESCO/IHP in the region.
5. Traing course for trainers
During the year 2007 it is planned to design and develop a Distance-Learning environmental
education course focused on water, in order to provide teachers with educational materials to
complement the Educational Kit.
6. Publications and films
During the biennium different materials will be prepared to increase awareness on sustainable
water management, specially addressed to the persons that day by day are in charge of local
water management.
Useful information
Marcelo Gaviño Novillo
Working Group Coordinator
Departamento de Hidráulica
Universidad Nacional de La Plata,
47 Nº 200 – 1900 - La Plata
TE/FAX: 54.221.4531996
e-mail: [email protected]
ARGENTINA
National Committee for the International
Hydrological Programme
Paseo Colón 189, Piso 12
TE: + 54.11.4349 7442
FAX: + 54.11.4349 7425
E-MAIL: [email protected]
ARGENTINA
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VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
WATER BALANCE FOR MESOAMERICA
Coordinator:
Ana Deisy Lopez
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
This document has been prepared with the
support of the “Servicio Nacional de Estudios
Territoriales” (SNET) of the “Ministerio de
Ambiente y Recursos Naturales” from El
Salvador
100
101
PROGRAMME: Mesoamerica Water Balance
COORDINATOR: Ana Deisy Lopez, Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (SNET), km 5
1/2 carretera a Santa Tecla y Calle Las Mercedes
contiguo a Parque de Pelota. Apartado Postal # 27, Centro de Gobierno
San Salvador, El Salvador. Tel.:(503) 2 283 2246/47, Fax.:(503) 2 223 7791 e mail:
[email protected]
REPORT OF ACTIVITIES (April-August 2005)
Carrying out of the workshop: preparation of the “Map of Mesoamerica” in conjunction with the
workshop for the development “Map of Arid Zones of Latin America and the Caribbean” in
Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico.
Dissemination of the document “Methodological guide for the extension and the fill in of Data
Sets”, UCA/SNET, 2004
Distribution of the document: “Guia Metodológica para Extensión y Relleno de Datos”,
UCA/SNET, 2004
Organization of the Event of Hydrology with USAID funds and coordination of USGS, UCA and
SNET during which a workshop to support the strengthening of institutions’ skills in the filling
up and in the extension of data of flow regimes
STATE OF THE RATE OF EXECUTION BY THE COUNTRIES
2.1 Mexico – Coordinator: Javier Aparicio
2.2 Guatemala – Coordinator: Pedro Tax
Guatemala has 38 hydrological basins in an extension of approximately 108
thousnad square kilometres. The Annual National Water balance is being carried out
for the period 1970-2003
The present work is focused on the collection of data. The advance of the work is
summarized as follows:
a) Creation of tabs and instruments to collect the already existing hydrological
information: monthly average flows, 1970-1986, historical series
completed.
b) Processing and update of 1987-2003 hydrological data from 21 stations of
the country: in the final stage of revision, previous to data archiving
preparation
c) Collection of rain data from the hystorical series for 1970-2003, in
progress, format standardization of the 18 basins in the Pacific side
d) Collection of temperature data from historical series for 1970-2003,
preceded by station identification
e) Revision and definition of methodology to fill in data gaps, taking into
account the El Salvador document.
f) Actions towards identification of human resources support, for the
application of the methodology for BH
Financial support
1) Collection and processing of data up to 2003 with INSIVUMEH funds. The completion of data
will be carried out with the financial support of Guatemala, project with the National
Institute of Natural Resources of the Landivar-INSIVUMEH University.
2) The BH application will be carried out as a joint venture with the UNESCO Water Chair of the
Regional School of Sanitary Engineering and Hydraulic Resources (ERIS) of San Carlos
102
University and the INSIVUMEH. Funding is provided by the Chair, in addition, some
financial support from the Commission of Technology of Guatemala will be received
(pending approval)
Future
a)
b)
c)
d)
activities 2006-2007 (Depending on availability of Financial Support)
BH completion in March 2006
Water Consumption identification
Supply-demand identification
Future projections
2.3 El Salvador – Coordinator: Ana Deisy López
The Surface Water Balance has been carried out 100%. Presently, the chapters corresponding
to the Index of the Annex n.1 are being written. It is planned to have completed the text in
December 2005.
The Integrated and Dynamic Water Balance is being carried out at the basin level, for the
period between 1971 and 2001.
It is important to mention that the Phase 1, related to supply, has been completed.
The analyses of the water availability (Phase II) in relation to the water quality for specific
uses, has been completed up to 60%. It will be finalized in the middle of the year 2006, and
will be inserted in the Water Balance calculation during the same year
The phase III which is referred to as the Demand Analysis is expected to be carried out in
2006.
The funds that supported the completion of Phase I of the Water Balance and National
Diagnosis come basically from the original SNET budget
There is some financial support from the project of the Global Water Partnership (GWP) for the
process automation and for the standardization of the database used for standardization
(2005)
Searching for funds is underway to complete of the “Demand, Futures Scenerios and Ecologic
Flow” and to improve the hydrogeological monitoring that will permit the introduction of the
information on Groundwater in the Water Balance.
There is also the chance to obtain some funds by the Comité Regional de Recursos Hidraulicos
(CRRH) to support some Water balance activities
The activities to be carried out in the Biennium 2006-2007 are the following
- completion of the Water Quality diagnosis
- Water availability on the basis of Water quality
- Hydrogeological Monitoring of the aquifers of the country
- Setting up the methodology for the introduction of the hydrogeological phase in the
Water balance
- Introduction of the ground water component
- Water demand analisis
- Supply/Demand and Availability/Demand definition
- Preparation of the Maps of “shortage” and “pressure” indexes
- Determination of future scenarios of water availability due to changes in soil uses,
climate change, and demand changes
- Determination of ecologic flows
2.4 Honduras – Coordinator. Dania Baca
103
National Water Balance was elaborated by the Hydrographical Studies Centre (CEDEX-CEH),
with the financial support of the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (AECI), upon
request of the Honduras Natural Resources and Environment secretary (SERNA).
The activities carried out are:
- Water resources in natural regime inventory
- Identification and characterization of the main uses and demands of
Water
- Water Balance and indicators
The outputs produced are the followings:
- The work carried out allowed to arrange and homogenize a great amount of basic
information of very different nature, essential in any hydrological planning exercise
- The results obtained can be easily combined and expanded to incorporate different
territorial divisions, allowing to obtain a general, simplified and rapid vision about
the actual water use system
- The water balance should be followed by new and more detailed products, specially
in areas where problem of water resources shortage can be predicted, and taking
into account the hydraulic structures availables (specially regulating strucutures)
and systems management
- Globally speaking, the annual renewable water resources available in Honduras are
enough to attend consumptive water demands, and in the predicted long term
- Nevertheless, some sub-basins (basically the rivers Ulúa, Chamalecón and Patuca
basins) can have water resources shortages in the future: integrated water resource
management is needed.
- There is a great need of water regulation in Ulúa, Chamalecón and Patuca
basins,where there could be an increase in the demand of water
2.5 Nicaragua – Coordinator: Luis Palacios
2.6 Costa Rica – Coordinator: Enrique Chacon
The purpose of this work is to evaluate the water resource in the 34 main basins of
Costa Rica by a surface water balance. This analysis will allow to know the input rain
water volume in each basin, the surface water flow volume, and the volume of water
lost by evaporation of the water bodies and transpiration of plants
The balance will be carried out with annual values for a 33 years period, going from 1970 to
2003. Within the analyses the rainfall, specific flows, and evapotranspiration maps in a
1:200000 maps will be included. Base on rainfall and evapotranspiration maps, for each basin
the average rainfall and evapotranspiration will be calculated. This information will correspond
to the input and output volumes in each basin. In the case of surface water flow, which is a
measure that corresponds to an area, the registered flows of the main hydrological stations of
measurement will be taken into account. In the case of basins without hydrological
information, the runoff will be estimated with special methodology.
ACTIVITY
1. Analysis of the quality of the
meteorological information quality,
extension and filling of gaps of
annual and monthly time series
2. Analysis of hydrological
information quality, extension and
filling of gaps of monthly and
annual time series
3.Production of precipitation maps
for 34 basins
PROGRESS
(%)
100
100
100
OBSERVATIONS
240 monthly registers of rain gages
have been analyzed
90 monthly registers of flow stations
were analyzed
The isoteyas map was elaborated for
each of the 34 basins of the country.
The rainfall values obtained go from
104
ACTIVITY
PROGRESS
(%)
4. Production of the
evapotranspiration map
100
5. Production of the runoff map for
34 basins
6. Maps and GIS applications/
digitalization
7. Calculation of the mean rainfall
and evapotranspiration for a given
area
8. Water Balance calculation in
different areas of interest of the
34 basins
9. Maps adjustment taking into
account the discrepancy error
10. Fianl report elaboration
25
75
OBSERVATIONS
1400 mm in the driest regions to
9000 mm in the most raining ones
localized in intermediate rise
The potential evapotranspiration
map was elaborated for each of the
34 country basin, the PET calculation
was the basis for Penman-Monteith
methodologies and Hargreaves
methodology was used to have the
auxiliary formula. The
evapotranspiration reference values
obtained are from 2000 mm per
year in the driest area of the country
to about 200 in the highest and
coldest areas.
Processing Especific Flows Map
design for a rank between 6.0
l/s/km² in the driest regions to 180
l/s/km² in the wetest ones
Digitalized maps
In progress
In progress
-
In progress
In progress
2.7 Panamá – Coordinator: Ivan Jaramillo
a) Isoyetas Maps Draft on the paper: 85% of the advance (for the BH)
b) Digitalized Isoyetas: 25% of the advance (for the BH)
c) File in CIRH format for PET calculation: 95% of the advance (to be utilized in the BHS and
Maps of Arid zones). Moreover the PET obtained in the previous BH is taken into account.
d) Rainfall file in CIRH format for Aridity Index calculation: 5% of the advance. The information
is available in the Data Bank. The filling up is missing.
e) Flow for Surface Water Balance: 90 % of the registered data are available in the Data Bank
The filling up and the correlations are missing.
Between obstacles and problems the main is represented by the lack of resources to contract
helping personnel in the jobs. In the meanwhile, we will do our biggest effort to go ahead. We
do not have any problem in calculation techniques and methodologies.
The maps scale used up to now is 1/250,000
INDEX PROPOSED BY SALVADOR
What follows in Annex 1. is the proposed Table of “content” for the Water Balance Document.
105
ANNEX No. 1
PROPOSE “TABLE OF CONTENTS” FOR THE DOCUMENT:
INTEGRATED AND DYNAMIC HYDRIC BALANCE IN EL SALVADOR
PHASE 1: SURFACE WATER BALANCE
PHASE 2: DEFINITION OF AVAILABILITY OF WATER
BASED ON THE REQUIRED QUALITY FOR DIFFERENT USES
(STATE OF THE WORK IN PROGRESS)
SUMMARY
I. INTRODUCTION, OBJECTIVES, JUSTIFICATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 OBJECTIVES
1.2.1 General Objectives
1.2.2 Specific Objectives
1.3 JUSTIFICATION
II. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE
2.2 WATER BALANCE MODELO
2.3 WATER BALANCE PARAMETERS
2.3.1 Rainfall, spatial and temporal variability
2.3.2 Evaporation and Evapotranspiration
2.3.2.1 Reference Evapotranspiration
2.3.2.2 CROP EVAPOTRANSPIRATION – WATER NEEDS FOR PLANTS AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE
CONSERVATION OR LOSS OF WATER IN THE SOIL
2.3.2.3 Actual Evapotranspiration. Storage capacity of the soils
2.3.2.4 Evaporation from Water Bodies
2.3.2.5 Evaporation in urban areas
2.3.3 Surface water flow
2.3.4 Changes in Storage
2.4 WATER QUALITY
2.4.1 Impact of pollutant in the quality of surface waters
2.4.2 Pollution impact on human health
III. EL SALVADOR, GENERAL CARACTERISTICS
3.1 GEOGRAPHICAL CARACTERISTICS
3.1.1 Position
3.1.2 Extension
3.1.3 Surface
3.2 TOPOGRAPHY
3.3 CLIMATE
3.4 SOIL
3.4.1 Kinds of Soils
3.4.2 Uses of soils
3.5 WATER
106
3.6 BIODIVERSITY
IV. METODOLOGY
4.1 REQUIRED INFORMATION
4.1.1 Hidroclimatological and water quality information
4.1.2 Maps
4.2 METHODOLOGY
4.2.1 Rainfall Analysis
4.2.1.1 Consistency Analysis of the station
4.2.1.2 Filling in data gaps in the time frame analyzed
4.2.1.3 Average rainfall calculations
4.2.2 Evaporation and Evapotranspiration calculation
4.2.2.1 Reference Evapotranspiration
4.2.2.1.1 Reference Evapotranspiration calculations using Hargreaves Methodology
4.2.2.1.2 Relation between EVT and the altitude (Fictious stations estimation).
4.2.2.2 Crop Evapotranspiration
4.2.2.2.1 Crop coefficient
4.2.2.2.2 Crop Evapotranspiration calculations
4.2.2.3 Actual Evapotranspiration
4.2.2.3.1 Water storage capacity of the soil
4.2.2.3.2 Real Evapotranspiration Calculations
4.2.2.4 Evaporation from Water bodies
4.2.2.5 Evaporation in urban areas
4.2.3 Flow analysis
4.2.3.1 Basin with flows data
4.2.3.2 Basin without data: generation of runoff
4.2.3.2.1 Regionalization of average flows
4.2.3.2.2 Rain fall-runoff relation
4.2.4 Water balance
4.2.5 Evaluation of water quality
4.2.5.1 Methodology for water quality monitoring
4.2.5.2 Evaluation of water quality for different uses
4.2.5.2.1 Drinking water
4.2.5.2.2 Water for irrigation
4.2.5.2.3 Water for environmental quality
4.2.5.2.4 Water for other human uses
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
5.1 RESULTS
5.1.1 Results of the Country Water Balance
5.1.2 Results of the Hydrographical Region Water Balance
5.1.3 Results of the Basin Water Balance
5.1.4 Present situation in reference to the results obtained at the national level on the
value of water quality
5.2 DISCUSSION
VI. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMENDACIONS
6.1 CONCLUSIONS
6.2 RECOMENDACIONS
VII. BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIII. ANNEXES
8.1 MAPS ANNEXES
107
VI MEETING OF THE UNESCO-IHP
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND FOCAL POINTS
UNESCO – IHP PROGRAMME
-WHYMAPWORLD-WIDE HYDROGEOLOGICAL
MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME
Coordinator:
Emilia Bocanegra
Montego Bay, Jamaica
13 – 14 October, 2005
108
109
IHP PROGRAMME: World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping and Assessment Programme
(WHYMAP)
COORDINATOR: Emilia Bocanegra, Regional Coordinator, Centro de Geología de Costas y del
Cuaternario, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CC. 722, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Fax:54 223 4753150. [email protected]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
The World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping and Assessment Programme (WHYMAP) is a joint
programme with the participation of: UNESCO, PHI, IGCP, IAH, CGMW, OIEA y BGR.
The objectives are: compile groundwater information at a global level, establish a Geographical
Information System (GIS), draw maps with Groundwater data, provide water-related
information for international level discussions (WWAP, WWDR, World Water Forum), and cooperate with IGRAC.
The action plan includes the following activities: select a base map and define its projection;
use the already existing maps as starting points; create the legend and the representation;
create preliminary maps with the scale 1:10 million; digitalize preliminary maps (drafts);
integrate attributes and tables in GIS; discuss and improve the drafts with IAH vice presidents,
CGMW vice presidents and regional IHP offices; complete and optimize GIS with cartography
information, prepare GWMW 1.50 M; prepare and publish GWMW 1:25 M in hard copy and CDROM.
The main interesting themes to be addressed by GWMW 1:25 M are: Structural
hydrogeological units, Groundwater potential, Groundwater recharge (renewable/no
renewable), Groundwater flow, Groundwater exploitation (sustentable/over-exploitation) depth
– thickness of the aquifer, hydrodinamics conditions (watersheds/flow direction/confined
aquifer/artesian)
ground
subsisdence,
Permafrost,
Geotermalism,
Hydrochemistry
(salinization/toxic components) and areas under risk.
The outputs to be generated are: Map of Groundwater resources of the World 1/25 M with
explication notes, special edition of reduced scale map 1/50 M, small format Groundwater
“political” (A3/A4) maps, GIS with intercontinental groundwater data, and WebMapping
Application on the Internet http://www.bgr.de/app/whymap.
LAUNCH OF WHYMAP AND ACTIVITIES 1999-2003
January 1999 Launch of WHYMAP in CGMW General Assembly, Paris
December
Project preliminary proposal, IAH-Meeting, Cape town
2000
August 2001 Creation of WHYMAP consortium (UNESCO + CGMW + IAH +
BGR),Paris
January 2002 Establishment of BGR as the WHYMAP executive unit
March 2003
WHYMAP participation at the 3rd World Water Forum, Kyoto
June 2003
1st Meeting of WHYMAP Executive Committee, Koblenz
November
WHYMAP presentation at the Latin American CONAPHIs delegates and
2003
PHI- UNESCO programme coordinators meeting, Guayaquil.
ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2004-2005:
March 2004
May 2004
AugUst 2004
2nd Meeting of the WHYMAP Executive Committee, Paris
Meeting of the PHI-UNESCO Prgrammes Coordinators, San José, Costa
Rica
Presentación de la “Edición Especial” del Mapa Mundial de Aguas
110
Octobre 2004
June 2005
April 2005
August 2005
September
2005
October 2005
Subterráneas 1/50 M, IGC, Florencia
Meeting of the executive committess in IAH Congress, Zacatecas,
México
Workshop about aquifers recharge, IAEA, Viena
3rd Meeting of the WHYMAP executive committee, Paris
BGR participation at the World Water Week , Stokolm
Karst Map DIscussion. IAH Meeting, Belgrade
Latin American CONAPHIs delegates and PHI- UNESCO, programme
coordinators meeting, Jamaica
Regional Activities consisted of:
•
Participation to the 3rd Meeting of the WHYMAP Executive Committee, Paris. In
this occasion the revised Groundwater Map of South America was presented, as
a production of the Center of Geology of the Coasts and of Quaternary of the
Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, on the basis of the Draft prepared by the
German Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR). The
UNESCO Hydrogeological Map of South America (1996), 1:5 M, and the Mercosur
Hydrogeological Map (2001), 1:25 M were used a souce of data.
•
Participation at the IHP-UNESCO programmes Coordinators meeting in San José,
Costa Rica. During this event the state of advance of the WHYMAP was
presented.
•
Participation in the Executive Committee meeting at the IAH congress in
Zacatecas, Mexico, and distribution of the “Special Edition” of the groundwater
World Map 1/50M (attached to the report in A4 format)
•
Participation at the 3rd Meeting of the WHYMAP Executive Committee, in Paris.
During the meeting, a presentation on transboundary aquifers of the region was
made, with the purpose to be included in the World Map, 1:25 M. In this
occasion the set of data used were extracted from the 1st ISARM Americas
coordination meeting (UNESCO, OEA and IAH), held in Montevideo in September
2003, whose report is actually available in Internet.
•
Review of the groundwater salinity map in the region, whose preparation is in
progress at the Center of Geology of the Coasts and of Quaternary of the
Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, with the data set extracted by the
National Hydrogeological Maps
ACTIVITIES TO BE DEVELOPED DURING THE BIENNIUM 2006-2007:
March 2006 4th World Water Forum Contribution ,Mexico City
May 2006
4th Meeting of the WHYMAP Executive Committee, Vienna
June 2006 Meeting of the IAH Executive Council with the WHYMAP Executive
Committee in Dijon, Francia
Octobre
Draft Map of the World Groundwater map 1/25 M, in the IAH Congress
2006
Beijing, China
June 2007 Publication of the last version of the Map with explanatory notes at the
UNESCO General Conference, Paris
111
Regional activities planned for 2006:
It is planned to take par ot the 4th World Water Forum in Mexico City. During this
event, some sections related to groundwater will be made, an open WHYMAP
meeting will be made and the “Special Edition” will be distributed.
It is planned for the Regional Coordinator to participate at 4th Meeting of the
WHYMAP Executive Committee in the IAEA, in Vienna.
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM COUNTERPARTS
The WHYMAP programme is developed as a joint venture between UNESCO-IHP,
IGCP, IAH, CGMW, OIEA, and BG, the last being the Executive Unit. These
organizations support the activities related to the Thematical Map production and
Programme management
The IAEA colaborate in isotopic hydrogeology, specially related with groundwater
recharge
The CGMW colaborate with the information produced to for World Geological Map
Through IHP, UNESCO organized the three WHYMAP Executive Committee meetings
(Koblenz, 2003; Paris, 2004 and 2005) and supported the participation of the
members. In particular, the Regional IHP Office, based in Montevideo, supported the
LAC Regional Coordinator participation.
The IAH proposed experts to integrate the WHYMAP Executive Committee and
colaborate in the dissemination of the outputs
The Regional WHYMAP LAC Coordinator participated at the Latin American meeting of
CONAPHIs delegates and PHI-UNESCO Prgramme Coordinators in Guayaquil, in the IHPUNESCO Programme Coordinators meeting in San José, Costa Rica and in the WHYMAP
Executive Committee Meeting at the IAH Congress in Zacatecas.
112
Special Edition (for the 32nd International Geological Congress, Florence/Italy, August 2004)
Map "Groundwater Resources of the World 1:50 000 000" (reduced A3-format)
113
114
UNESCO INTERNATIONAL HYDROLOGICAL PROGRAMME
FOR
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
(IHP-LAC)
Part III
Reports of activities presented by Member States
Montego Bay, Jamaica
October 13-14, 2005
IHP ACTIVITIES
Activities developed during biennium 2004-2005
COUNTRY: The Bahamas
EVENTS
Name (please indicate if it was a national, regional or
international event)
Regional IWCAM Project (Ongoing)
Regional First Expert Workshop on Vulnerability of Coastal
Aquifers in the Insular Caribbean
National Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan
Date
Oct-2004
Number of
participants
25+
20+
Cooperating
Institutions
CEHI, BEST, WSC
UNESCO, UNEP
Apr-2005
25+
Bahamas Gov. and
IDB
IWA
International Conference on Climate Change, a Challenge or a Sept-2004
Threat for Water Management?
Regional Global Water Partnership - Caribbean: Consultation June-2004
on Water Governance & Integrated Water Resources
Management in the Caribbean
40+
40+
GWP, CSC, CCST,
NIHERST
RESEARCH/STUDIES
Title
Name and e-mail of the
(please indicate if it has been concluded or if it is in process)
principal investigator
Bahamas Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan – In
R. Newbold (BEST)
Process
[email protected]
Participating
Institutions
WSC, BEST,
DEHS, MOW&U
PUBLICATIONS
Title
Authors
WSC Agency Report – North Andros Seawater Inundation
John A. Bowleg
Report (Report & Presentation at Oct-2004 UNEP Workshop
on Coastal Aquifers)
2003 / 2004 US Army Corp’s of Engineers – Bahamas Water US Army Corp’s of Engineers
Resources Assessment
WSC Agency Report – Deep Well Disposal for the Bahamas John A. Bowleg
Proceedings for UNEP First First Expert Workshop on
Vulnerability of Coastal Aquifers in the Insular Caribbean
CONTRIBUTIONS (ESTIMATED AMOUNT)
Contributor
Water & Sewerage Corporation (WSC)
John A. Bowleg
Editors
Roebuck, Cant,
Bowleg
Dr. Richard Cant,
Mr. Glen Laville
Laville, Cant
Estimated amount (in cash or in kind)
$20,000 (kind) for Employee Attendances.
OTHERS (brief description):
Note: WSC Representation at all above activities by either the IHP Focal Point (Cant), or IWRN Focal Point
(Bowleg).
Activities to be carried out during biennium 2006-2007
COUNTRY: The Bahamas
EVENTS
Name (please indicate if national, regional or international
event)
Date
Number of potential Potential cooperating
participants
Institutions
RESEARCH/STUDIES
Title
Caribbean Coastal Aquifers and Vulnerability Study COUNTRY: Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados,
Belize, Cuba, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago
Bahamas Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan
Name and e-mail of the main Potential participating
researcher
Institutions
GEF/UNEP,
John Bowleg –
[email protected]
UNESCO Country
Representatives
To be determined
Bahamas Gov. and
IDB.
PUBLICATIONS
Title
WSC Agency Report – North Andros Seawater Inundation
Report (Ongoing Analysis)
CONTRIBUTIONS (ESTIMATED AMOUNT)
Potential contributor
GEF / UNEP funding for the Caribbean Region.
GEF / UNEP funding for the Caribbean Region.
Authors
J. Bowleg
Editors
Cant, Laville
Estimated amount (in cash or in kind)
$100,000.00 (Cash for the Region)
$15,000.00 (Kind) by WSC, and/or Bahamas
Government. Utilization of North Andros Wellfields as
a study area for the region.
OTHERS (brief description):
IWCAM Project - risks to the sustainability & integrity of coastal aquifer systems in SIDS. Two project sites
in the Bahamas: Elizabeth Harbour, Exuma and North Andros. Bahamas Project Coordinator is the BEST
Commission.
Note: WSC Representation at all above activities by either the IHP Focal Point (Cant), or IWRN Focal Point
(Bowleg).
119
IHP ACTIVITIES
Activities developed during biennium 2004-2005
COUNTRY: BARBADOS
EVENTS
Name (please indicate if it was a national, regional or
Date
international event)
(1) Belle Feasibility Steering Committee,1st Meeting 26 Nov.
2004
2001 (National)
(2) Regional Consultation Global Programme of Action (GPA) 10-12 Feb
for Land based Activities in Wider Caribbean, Colon, Panama 2004
(3) Workshop on Climate Change and Water in the
17-19 March
Caribbean; Training Session on Computer based Tools for
2004
Hydrological Climate Forecast; and The Meeting of National
Committees and Focal Points of Caribbean, (Regional),
Kingston, Jamaica
(4) National Water Quality Monitoring Council (NWQMC),
17-20 May
Chattanooga, TN, USA (International)
2004
(5) Launch of Global Water Partnership (GWP) of the
9 June 2004
Caribbean. d Global Water Partnership on Governance,
10-11 June
(Regional), Tobago
(6) National Consultation on Science and Technology,
17-18 Aug
Savannah Hotel, Barbados
2004
(7) AWRA International Speciality Conference, Dundee,
29 Aug – 1
Scotland, (absent, constraints in participation)
Sept 2004
(8)Training Workshop on Water Resources Assessment and 30 Sep - 2 Oct
Mapping of Arid Zones in the Caribbean, and Country Arid
2004
Zone Map (Regional), Forte de France, Martinique
Number of
participants
15
(9) Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) Civil Society
28 Oct 2004
nd
Advisory Group (CSAG) 2 Educational Seminar on National
and Regional Environmental Priorities in Fresh Water and
Energy, Grand Barbados Beach Resort, Barbados. Topic:
Fresh Water – “Drainage and Disaster Management”
(10) Identification and liaise with Barbadian Institutions for
Nov 2004
CATHALAC Regional Capacity Building Project –
“Mainstreaming Effective Management of Marine Protected
Areas (MPA) in Panama, Belize, Barbados, and Guatemala, (
arising from GPA Consultation Feb 2004)
(11) Meeting with CEO (David Gill) and Director (James
25 Jan 2005
Blades) of The Barbados Marine Trust (BMT)
(11)Lecture at Schools’ Science Lecture Series and Debating 26 Jan 2005
Competition,(National), Grande sale, Tom Adams Financial
Centre, Barbados. (Combermere School and S.J. Prescod
Polytechnic).
(12) Acquisition of UNESCO/FAO CD-Rom on digitisation for June 2005
Librarians and Laymen
(13)CATHALAC Board of Directors Meeting
17 July 2005
(14) Distribution of CR-Rom to Coastal Zone Management
Sept 2005
Unit Librarian
(15) V Inter-American Dialogue on Water Management and
9 -14 Oct and
Meeting of IHP National Committees and Focal Points,
13 – 14 Oct
Montego Bay, Jamaica
2004
Cooperating
Institutions
10
UNEP, CATHALAC,
NOAA, ANAM
UNESCO
ROSTLAC, GOV of
Jamaica, WRAJ
NWQMC, EPA,
USGS, TVA
GWP HQ, Gov of
T&T, WASA
NCST
AWRA, ILWRI
45
UNESCO
ROSTLAC, IHP &
Meteo France,
Martinique
IADB
CATHALAC, CZMU,
ESPU, FMMP, BMT
3
BMT
NCST
UNESCO HQ.
CATHALAC
CZMU
IWRN, OAS.
UNESCO, Gov.. of
Jamaica, WRAJ.
RESEARCH/STUDIES
Title
Name and e-mail of the principal
Participating
(please indicate if it has been concluded or if it is in process)
investigator
Institutions
Belle Feasibility Study
BWA, [email protected]
BWA, MIN H&E,
STANTEC
MARD, UWI, MOF
Map of Arid Zones - Barbados
O.C. Bourne,
MARD, MET, CIMH
[email protected]
PUBLICATIONS
Title
Map of Arid Zones – Barbados components
Authors
Editors
O. C. Bourne
120
Activities developed during biennium 2004-2005
Map of Arid Zones – Caribbean
“ Review of Desalination Activities in Barbados, V Inter –
American Dialogue on Water Management, 9 – 14 October
2005
CAZALAC
O. C. Bourne
Activities to be carried out during biennium 2006-2007
COUNTRY: BARBADOS
EVENTS
Name (please indicate if national, regional or international
Date
event)
Inclusion of Caribbean in the MESOAMERICAN
2006
Monitoring and Visualization Project, (Regional)
Participation in Global Water Partnership (GWP) of the
Caribbean and GWP Barbados
Participation in CATHALAC Activities
Participation in MORSCA GEF Project
Participation in NWQMC Conference
Number of potential
participants
2006- 2007
2006-2007
2006-2007
2006
Potential cooperating
Institutions
CATHALAC, USAID,
NOAA, UWI Campuses,
Caribbean Countries.
BWA, CIMH, MARD,
MIN H&E
UNEP GEF, UNESCO
RESEARCH/STUDIES
Title
Name and e-mail of the main
researcher
Use of GIS and GPS in water related activities and studies O. C. Bourne,
[email protected]
Potential participating
Institutions
IHP Barbados
MARD, SCU.
PUBLICATIONS
Title
Authors
Editors
CONTRIBUTIONS (ESTIMATED AMOUNT)
Potential contributor
Estimated amount (in cash or in kind)
OTHERS (brief description):
*
BWA (6) Barbados Water Authority
MOF (1) Ministry of Finance
MH&E (1) Ministry of Housing Lands and Environment
^CZMU (1) Coastal Zone Management Unit
MOH (1) Ministry of Health
^ EPD (1) Environmental Protection
Department
MARD (1) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development MOST (1) Ministry of Social
Transformation
MPT
(1) Ministry of Public Works and Transport
UWI
(1) University of West Indies, Cave
Hill
^ Departments of MH&E
^ESPU Environmental Special Projects Unit
SCU
Soil Conservation Unit
MET
Meteorological Department
WRAJ
Water resources Authority of Jamaica
^FMMP
BMT
NCST
Folkestone Marine Museum Underwater Park
Barbados Marine Trust
National Council for Science and Technology
WASA
Water and Sewerage Authority of Trinidad &
Tobago
CATHALAC Water Centre for the Humid Tropics of Latin America and the Caribbean
CAZALAC Water Centre for Arid Zones and Semi-Arid Zones of Latin America and the Caribbean
AWRA
American Water resources Association
CIMH
Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology STANTEC Stantec Consulting Ltd
TVA
Tennessee Valley Authority
MORSCA Management of Risks to Sustainability of Coastal Aquifers
121
Activities of the Brazilian National Commission for the IHP
during the Period 2004-2005 and Proposed Activities for 2006-2007
1.
Introduction
The Brazilian Commission of the IHP (CONAPHI), created by a specific Ministerial decree, is
comprised of governmental, professional, and scientific representatives of the water sector in Brazil,
including the National Water Agency, which presides the Commission.
The present document aims to report the activities carried by CONAPHI during the period 20042005, as well as the proposed activities for the period 2006-2007. It lists activities directly or indirectly carried
by the Brazilian Commission, such as participation in IHP programs, support and coordination.
2.
Activities Carried / Supported by CONAPHI during 2004-2005
The main activities carried / supported by CONAPHI during the biennium 2004-2005 were:
2.1.
Year 2004:
•
Preparation of a document for the Secretariat of the IHP, with the Brazilian contribution for the VIIth
Phase of the IHP. These contributions were in the areas established as priorities by the PHI;
•
Appointment of Brazilian representatives for IHP Programs (FRIEND, HELP etc);
•
Support of IHP projects in Brazil, and their cooperation with other Latin American and Caribbean
projects;
•
Participation in the National Academy of Sciences Forum on Climate Change (Los Angeles),
presenting results of research findings of members of the Commission;
•
Participation in the preparation of the Brazilian participation in the VI World Water Forum.
•
Participation of meetings with Brazilian governmental institutions related to Climate and Water;
•
Support for the Seminar on Climate and Water Resources, preparatory for the 1 Conference of
South American & Arab Presidents, held in Brazil;
•
Communication, to the CONAPHI members, of the decisions, programs,
correspondences of the Secretariat of the IHP, and of the Regional Hydrologist (LAC).
2.2
st
and
other
Year 2005:
•
Preparation, coordination, and support for the HELP & FRIEND meeting of Latin American &
Caribbean countries, in Foz do Iguaçu (August);
•
Participation in the Workshop about Water Variability Indices, held in Ecuador (April);
•
Participation in the Course of Biotic Indicators for Water Quality, held in Ecuador (July);
•
Development, by CONAPHI members, of a “Watershed Sustainability Index”, formed of IHP/H.E.L.P.
indicators, which is going to be applied to six LAC basins. The Index was later presented in the
EWRA-2005 in September;
•
Participation in the Prep Meeting for the 2007 Southern Conference of HELP Basins, in Paris
(August).
3.
Proposed Activities for 2006-2007
Among the proposed activities of the Brazilian Commission for the biennia 2006-2007 are:
•
Support for the preparation of the IV World Water Forum;
•
Support in the implementation of IHP programs in Brazil, such as FRIEND, HELP and the new
International Sediment Initiative;
122
•
Participation in meetings of IHP-LAC meetings and IHP General Conferences;
•
Discussion and preparation of subsidies for Phase VIII of IHP;
•
Support and help host the1st Southern Conference of HELP Basins, possibly to be held in Brazil, in
2007;
•
Coordinate, with the Regional LAC Hydrologist, activities to meet the established objectives and
goals of Phase VII of the IHP;
•
Meetings, video and audio conferences with the CONAPHI members;
•
Participation in IHP sponsored meetings and seminars;
•
Preparation of reports, documents and other communication about the activities of the Brazilian
Commission.
123
ACTIVIDADES PHI
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
PAIS: CHILE
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento era nacional, regional o internacional)
IX Jornadas CONAPHI-CHILE (Nacional)
Celebración del día mundial del agua en Santiago de Chile y en
regiones, con participación de autoridades
21/04/05
22/03/04
Numero de
participantes
50
450
Celebración del día mundial del agua en Santiago de Chile y en
regiones, con participación de autoridades
22/03/05
200
Concreción de CAZALAC como institución reconocida y apoyada por
el Gobierno de Chile (Incluye reuniones de trabajo, de evaluación y
seminarios técnicos, con participación de Conaphi-Chile)
2001-2005
32
Curso Manejo ambiental de los recursos agua y suelo, realizado en
Talca, Chile
2003
45
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si terminó o está en proceso)
Propuesta para la creación de un Programa de Investigaciones en
torno al Agua, financiado por el Gobierno de Chile.
Fecha
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
[email protected]
Instituciones
colaboradoras
U Talca; U Conce
Conaphi-Chile;
Dirección General de
Aguas; U. de Talca,
U. de Chile, U. de
Concepción; Servicio
Hidrográfico de la
Armada
Conaphi-Chile, U. de Con f
Talca, Dirección
General de Aguas; U.
de Chile, U. de
Concepción; Servicio
Hidrográfico de la
Armada
Dirección General de
Aguas; U. de La
Serena; U. de Talca;
Gobierno Regional
de Coquimbo; U. de
Concepción; U.
Católica de
Valparaíso
U. de Talca;
Conaphi-Chile y
Secretaría Ministerial
de Educación del
Maule.
Instituciones
participantes
U. de Talca; U. de
Chile; U. Católica de
Valparaíso; U. de
Concepción; Servicio
Agrícola y Ganadero;
Empresa Sanitaria
Aguas Andinas;
Dirección General de
Aguas; U. Católica de
Chile.
PUBLICACIONES
Título
Directorio de Investigadores en agua en Chile
Anuario CONAPHI 2004 Investigaciones de agua
IX Jornadas CONAPHI Chile
Diagnóstico Situación Actual Investigaciones en agua en Chile
Autores
CONAPHICONAPHI-CIREN CORFO
CONAPHI-U de Talca
CONAPHI- J Vargas, M Villalon
Editores
CONAPHICONAPHIFénix Producciones
CONAPHI-
APORTES RECIBIDOS (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Ministerio RREE 2004
Ministerio RREE 2005
Institución
Monto estimado (en efectivo y/o en especies)
$5.000.000.- (U$10.000 aprox.)
$ 2.875.000.- (U$ 5.000 aprox.)
OTROS (breve descripción):
Fecha
Video sobre la jornada día del agua en Rio Clarillo - CONAF
01/02/04
Autor
CONAPHI RREE
N° ejemplares
10
124
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
Calendario 2004-2005 con Concurso infantil Pintura sobre agua
01/03/04
CONAPHI
2.000
Poster Día Mundial del Agua 2004
22/03/04
CONAPHI
10.000
Folleto año internacional Agua Dulce
Poster Dïa Mundial del Agua 2005
Premio Junior del Agua 2004 Nacional e Internacional
Premio Junior del Agua 2005 Nacional e Internacional
Rediseño y actualización pàgina WEB del CONAPHI Chile
Reuniones mensuales Conaphi
22/03/04
CONAPHI
3.500
22/03/05
CONAPHI
5.000
08/04
varios 1º Premio viaje a Suecia
08/05
varios 1º Premio viaje a Suecia
2005
CONAPHI
Todos los meses CONAPHI
------
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
PAIS: CHILE
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento será nacional, regional o
internacional)
Fecha
tentativa
Numero de
participantes
esperado
30
Taller estudio de casos cuencas endorreicas ( Internacional )
Octubre/2006
X Jornadas CONAPHI Chile ( Nacional )
Diversas actividades como día mundial del agua o día
interamericano del agua.( Nacional )
Abril / 2007
60
Marzo y Oct
2006-2007 etc
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
Concreción del programa de Investigaciones en torno al agua [email protected]
Incidencia del potencial cambio climático en la concentración y [email protected]
agresividad de las precipitaciones en el territorio árido y
semiárido de Chile
Instituciones
colaboradoras
potenciales
CAZALACUNESCO
Universidades
CONAPHI y
Universidades
Instituciones
participantes y/o
potenciales
Conaphi-Chile
U. de Talca;
Dirección General de
Aguas
PUBLICACIONES
Título
Poster día Mundial del Agua 2006
Poster día Mundial del Agua 2007
Autores
CONAPHI
CONAPHI
Editores
CONAPHI
CONAPHI
APORTES POTENCIALES (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Ministerio de RREE
Ministerio de RREE
Monto estimado (en efectivo o en especies)
$3.000.000
$3.500.000
OTROS (breve descripción):
Posters, folletos, videos y otros elementos de difusión para las actividades del CONAPHI
Reuniones mensuales del Conaphi-Chile, con participación de 32 instituciones, las cuales podrían incrementarse producto
del interés de otras instituciones por integrarse, como el Instituto Forestal y la Universidad Católica del Maule, por ejemplo.
Premio Junior del agua 2006 Nacional e Internacional
08/06 varios 1º Premio viaje a Suecia
Premio Junior del agua 2007 Nacional e Internacional
08/07 varios 1º Premio viaje a Suecia
125
ACTIVIDADES PHI
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
PAIS: COSTA RICA
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento era nacional, regional o internacional)
Fecha
Numero de
participantes
1)Primera Reunión de Coordinadores de Proyectos y Grupos de Trabajo Regionales.
Evento Internacional
26-27/05/04
14
2)Primera Reunión Ampliada del Grupo de Expertos para la Evaluación de los Recursos
Hídricos de América Latina y El Caribe.
Evento Internacional
24-26/05/04
17
Instituciones
colaboradoras
PHI-UNESCOCRRH
PHI-UNESCOCRRH
Participación de PHI CONAPHI COSTA RICA en eventos internacionales
1)Participación en el Taller de FRIEND AMIGO/FRIEND AMHY/WWAP
23-25/08/04
2)Participación en el Taller de Balance Hídrico y Proyecto para la elaboración del Mapa
de Zonas Äridas, Semiáridas y Subhúmedas y Secas para América Latina y El Caribe.
Cuernavaca, México.
07-09/0405
3)Participación en la Reunión Conjunta de los Proyectos FRIIEND/AMIGO y HELP.
Foz de Iguazú, Brasil
10-12/08/05
4)Participación en el V Diálogo Interamericano sobre Administración de Aguas y Reunión 09-14/10/05
Estatuaria de los Comités Nacionales del PHI-UNESCO de América Latina y El Caribe
Montego Bay, Jamaica
5)Participación de Costa Rica en el Taller de Trabajo del Proyecto Cultura del Agua en
América Latina
Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
14-16/09/05
PHI-UNESCO
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
1. Proyecto Balance Hídrico de Costa Rica. (Avance 85%)
2. Proyecto del Mapa de Zonas Áridas, Semiáridas, Subhúmedas y secas para América
Latina y El Caribe.
3. Participación de Costa Rica en el Proyecto ISARM.
4. Participación de Costa Rica en el Proyecto WHYMAP.
5. Participación en el Proyecto FRIEND/AMIGO.
6. Participación en el Proyecto “Cultura del Agua en América Latina”
Nombre y e-mail del
investigador principal
Instituciones
Participantes
Enrique Chacón
Rodrigo Calvo
PHI-UNESCO
Sadí Laporte
--------------------
PUBLICACIONES
Título
1)
Balance Hídrico de Costa Rica
Para editar en dic. 2005
Autores
Editores
Instituto Costarricense de ElectriCidad, Instituto Meteorológico
Nacional, Comité Regional de Recursos Hidráulicos, PHI-Unesco.
APORTES RECIBIDOS (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Monto estimado (en efecgativo y/o en especies)
OTROS (breve descripción):
126
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
PAIS: COSTA RICA
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento será nacional, regional o internacional) Fecha tentativa
Numero de
participantes
esperado
1) De no realizarse el Taller sobre “Gestión Integrado del Recurso Hídrico” a Primer Semestre
Finales del año 2005, éste se realizaría en el Primer Semestre del año
Año 2006
2006, PHI-UNESCO.
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
12
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
Instituciones
colaboradoras
potenciales
PHI-UNESCO-CRRH
Instituciones
participantes y/o
potenciales
1) Proyecto para el “Estudio sobre Evaluación del Recurso Hídrico en los
Países de la Región Centroamericana”
- Proyecto para 2007
Pendiente
2) Proyecto sobre “Flujos Ecológicos en los Países en la Región Centroamericana para 2007.
Programa de Ecohidrologìa”
Pendiente
PHI-UNESCO
Autores
Editores
- PHI-UNESCO
PUBLICACIONES
Título
APORTES POTENCIALES (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Monto estimado (en efectivo o en especies)
OTROS (breve descripción):
127
ACTIVIDADES PHI
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
PAIS: CUBA
EVENTOS **
Nombre (indicar si el evento era nacional, regional o
internacional)
1. Entrega de Premios Nacionales UNAICC de Ingeniería
Hidráulica a la Vida y Obra. (Nac)
2. Taller Nacional de Instalaciones Hidráulicas y Sanitarias
3. Taller Nacional de Fallas en Presas Prov Sancti Spíritus
Fecha
Numero de
participantes
Instituciones
colaboradoras
11-01-04
100
INRH, UNAICC
14-01-04
36
16al18 03-04
28
¨
INRH, MICONS,
UNAIIC
4. Celebración por el día mundial del Agua. Prov Pinar del
22-03-04
Ríp.
5. Taller Nacional de Historia de la Hidráulica en Cuba. Prov.
29-03-04
Cienfuegos
6. Visita Técnica al Embalse ¨Paso Bonito¨ Prov. Cienfuegos
30-03-04
7. IV Taller Nacional de Cuencas Hidrográficas Prov.
17-04-04
Holguin.
8. Feria ËxpoAgua 2004 Entrega de Premios y Menciones a
la novedad tecnológica Nacional a nombre de la Soc. Ing. 4al8-05-04
Hidráulica
9. Acto por el día Mundial de Medio Ambiente
06-06-04
58
INRH, UNAICC
29
INRH, UNAICC
46
INRH, UNAICC
38
INRH, UNAICC
120
INRH, UNAICC y
OTROS
64
INRH, UNAICC,
CITMA
24
INRH, UNAICC, CIH
0
10. 8 Curso Internacional de Aguas Subterráneas y Medio
Ambiente
11. Conferencia por el día Internacional de Lucha Contra la
Desertificación y la Sequía
12. Acto Nacional por el día del Trabajador Hidráulico.
7al19-06-04
17-06-04
42
10-08-04
80
13. IV Foro Panamericano de Cuencas Hidrográficas (UPADI) 1al 2-10-04
48(12Ext)
14. II Seminario Internacional de uso Integral del Agua. Prov.
26al 28-10-04
Ciego de Ávila
96 (32Ext)
15. III Taller Nacional de Desertificación y Sequía. Prov
Guantánamo.
0
16. 9 Evento Nacional de Hidrogeología
INRH, UNAICC,
CITMA
INRH,
UNAICC,MICONS,
CIH, CITMA
INRH, UNAICC,
CITMA
INRH,
UNAICC,MICONS,
CIH, CITMA
INRH, UNAICC,
CITMA
5y6-11-04
37
29y30-11-04
26
INRH, UNAICC
17. Taller Nacional de Humedales.Prov. Matanzas
11-12-04
28
INRH, UNAICC,
CITMA
18. Celebración del día del Ingeniero Cubano. Prov. Pinar del
Rio.
11-01-05
46
INRH, UNAICC
19. Entrega de Premios Nacionales UNAICC a la Vida y Obra
11-01-05
100
INRH, MICONS,
UNAIIC
19-03-05
29
INRH, UNAICC,
CITMA
20-03-05
124
22. Celebración del Día Mundial del Agua
22-03-05
58
23. Conferencia por el día Mundial de Medio Ambiente
05-06-05
35
INRH, UNAICC,
CITMA
24. Celebración del dia del Trabajador Hidráulico
10-08-05
63
INRH, MICONS,
UNAIIC
20. III Simposio Nacional de Tratamiento de Aguas
Residuales. Prov. Matanzas
21. Premiación del Concurso Infantil de Cuento, Poesia y
Dibujo ¨Trazaguas
INRH, MICONS,
UNAIIC
INRH, MICONS,
UNAIIC
128
** En Coauspicio con la Sociedad de Ingenieros Hidráulicos de la Unión Nacional de Arquitectos e
Ingenieros de la Construcción de Cuba (UNAICC)
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si terminó o está en proceso)
1.- Estudio y Evaluación de la Eutrofización de un Embalse en
la
Prov. Habana. Concluído
2.- Actualización Estructural y Operacional de los Aliviaderos
de las Presas. En Proceso
3.- Recomendaciones para el Diseño Hidráulico de los
Aliviaderos de las Presas. En Proceso
4.- Modelo para el Cálculo de Lagunas de Oxidación en Cuba
y Rangos Óptimos de Parámetros de Diseño. En Proceso
5.- Características de las aguas terrestres naturales de Cuba.
En Proceso
6.- Mapa de Zonas de Áridas y Semiáridas. En Proceso
7.- Mapa Isoyético Período 1961-1990. En Proceso
Nombre y e-mail del
investigador principal
Mcs. Orlando Laíz
[email protected]
Dr Eduardo Velazco
[email protected]
Dr Eduardo Velazco
[email protected]
Dr. José Fco. Santiago
[email protected]
Dr. José Fco. Santiago
[email protected]
Dr. Braulio Lapinel
Ing. Argelio Fernández
Ing. Francis Francisco
Rodríguez
Instituciones
participantes
INRH, Cenhica
INRH, Cenhica
INRH, Cenhica
INRH, Cenhica
INRH, Cenhica
InsMet
INRH
INRH
PUBLICACIONES
Título
Existen dos revistas con periodicidad trimestral en las que se
publican variados artículos en las diferentes temáticas afines a
la actividad hidráulica que son:
1.- Voluntad Hidráulica.
2.- Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental
Autores
Editores
INRH
CIH ISPJAE
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
PAIS: CUBA
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento será nacional, regional o
internacional)
Fecha
tentativa
Numero de
participantes
esperado
Instituciones
colaboradoras
potenciales
1.- Desarrollar y Auspiciar distintas actividades nacionales e
Internacionales tales como talleres, seminarios, cursos y
otras vinculados a la actividad hidráulica.
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
Nombre y e-mail del
investigador principal
Instituciones
participantes y/o
potenciales
1.- Manejo de Riesgos y Sostenibilidad de Acuíferos Costeros
en las Islas del Caribe. Fase de Presentación
2.- Continuar con el Programa Ramal Científico Técnico
¨Gestión Integrada del Agua¨
129
ACTIVIDADES PHI
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
PAIS: ECUADOR
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento era nacional, regional o internacional)
2do. Taller Proyecto del Mapa de Zonas Áridas, Semiáridas y subHúmedas secas de América Latina y el Caribe. Países Andinos
Evento Regional
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si terminó o está en proceso)
Elaboración del Mapa de Zonas Áridas, Semiáridas y subhúmedas
Secas de América Latina y el Caribe.
Está en proceso.
Fecha
20-21/01/05
Numero de
participantes
11
Instituciones
colaboradoras
CAZALAC - PHI
Universidad de Gante
INMAHI
U. Chile
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
Instituciones
principal
participantes
Guido Soto CAZALAC Chile
INAMHI
Carlos Lugo Coordinador Ecuador CAZALAC
[email protected]
CONAPHI BOLIVIA
SENAMHI
U. Valle Colombia
U. Venezuela
PUBLICACIONES
Título
APORTES RECIBIDOS (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Para la ejecución del Taller (PHI/UNESCO)
Autores
Editores
Monto estimado (en efectivo y/o en especies)
USD 2650 dólares en efectivo
OTROS (breve descripción):
Analizar la metodología propuesta para la elaboración del mapa, revisar y aplicar el sistema CIRH para el cálculo de índices
Del régimen hídrico.
130
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
PAIS: ECUADOR
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento será nacional, regional o internacional)
Taller de difusión del PHI en Ecuador.
Conformación del Comité Nacional del PHI / Ecuador
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
Elaboración del Mapa de zonas Áridas, Semiáridas y subhúmedas
Secas del Ecuador (Proceso)
Elaboración del Mapas de isolíneas de extremos hidrológicos
Fecha
tentativa
06/06
06/06
Numero de
participantes
esperado
50
Instituciones
colaboradoras
potenciales
INAMHI, CNRH
EPN, ESPOL,
CEDEGE, etc
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
Instituciones
participantes y/o
potenciales
Carlos Lugo Coordinador Ecuador INAMHI
[email protected]
Laureano Andrade Ch.
INAMHI, Escuela
Politécnica Nacional
PUBLICACIONES
Título
Autores
Editores
APORTES POTENCIALES (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
CAZALAC
INAMHI
Monto estimado (en efectivo o en especies)
USD 1000 dólares
USD 40000 dólares
OTROS (breve descripción):
131
ACTIVIDADES PHI
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
PAIS: EL SALVADOR
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento era nacional, regional o internacional)
Fecha
Numero de
participantes
20
Más de 200
Tercera Reunión de Cooperantes Internacionales en el tema de Agua ( NAC. )4 marzo 2004
Foro Centroamericano del Agua ( REGIONAL )
30 nov. 1,2 dic.
/04
Día Mundial de Agua ( NAC. )
Día Inteamericano del Agua ( NAC. )
Día Mundial del Agua ( NAC. )
marzo/04
Octubre /04
Marzo / 04
indeterminado
indeterminado
indeterminado
Curso Taller s / Experiencias en Manejo de Cuencas, México y Centroamérica 12-15 julio 2005
( REGIONAL )
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS ( I / E )*
Título (indicar si terminó o está en proceso)
40
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
1. Competencias legales en la protección de Recursos Hídricos ( FIN )
MARN
2. Cultura del Agua ( PRO )
[email protected]
3. Aplicación de Legislación Local / Protección y MRH …Agua potable ( PRO)Micro región Ahuachapán Sur
4. Estrategia Nacional del Agua ( PRO )
MARN
Instituciones
colaboradoras
FORGAES ( UE )
JICA, GWP, PNUD,
CCAD, otros
RADIO ( 3 entrev.)
RADIO. idem
RADIO, TV
MARN, PHI, CNA,
SICA, CRRH, RIRH,
otros
Instituciones
participantes
MARN, ANDA, MAG,
CEL.
MARN
4 municipios
GWP
PUBLICACIONES
Título
( Lo relacionado con investigaciones y Estudios )
APORTES RECIBIDOS (MONTO ESTIMADO) ( para I / E )*
Institución / I/E
1. FORGAES / UE ( 5 talleres y consultoría )
2. PHI
3. PHI + micro región + otras
4. GWP
Autores
Editores
Monto estimado (en efectivo y/o en especies)
US $ 5000
US $ 2000
US $ 14,046 + 8,014 + 6975 = US $ 29,035
US $ 39, 000
OTROS (breve descripción):
- Balance Hídrico ( SNET / MARN )
- En proceso : Ley de Aguas, con enfoque de cuencas ( MARN )
- En 2004 : 12 eventos relacionados con gestión, gobernabilidad, agua potable, marco legal e institucional = PRISMA, GWP,
PNUD, OPS, MARN, MISPAS, RASES, CARE, UICN, JICA, otros = 2000 asistentes
- En 2005 : 12 eventos sobre Gestión, sensibilización, conocimiento, uso racional, potabilización, participación ciudadana =
615 personas.
En proceso : Ley de Aguas, con enfoque de cuencas
132
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
PAIS: EL
SALVADOR
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento será nacional, regional o internacional)
Fecha
tentativa
- Día Mundial del Agua
Marzo 2006
- Día Interamericano del Agua
- Día Mundial del Agua
- Día Interamericano del Agua
Octubre 2006
Marzo 2007
Octubre 2007
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
Numero de
participantes
esperado
60
60
60
60
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
- Continuación Balance Hídrico
SNET / MARN
- Seguimiento a la Política y Estrategia Nacional del Agua
MARN
Instituciones
colaboradoras
potenciales
GWP, OPS, PNUD
RASES, PRISMA, …
Idem
Idem
Idem
Instituciones
participantes y/o
potenciales
ANDA,CEL, MAG,
COSUDE, ...
OG, ONG
PUBLICACIONES
Título
Autores
Editores
APORTES POTENCIALES (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Monto estimado (en efectivo o en especies)
OTROS (breve descripción):
- Seguimiento a la Ley de Aguas
133
ACTIVIDADES PHI
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
PAIS: MEXICO
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento era nacional, regional o
Fecha
internacional)
Taller de Balance Hídrico de la región de América Latina y 8 y 9 de abril 2005
el Caribe
Taller Subregional de Mesoamérica, mapa de zonas áridas 7 y 8 de abril 2005
y semiáridas de América Latina y el Caribe
Participación de México en el Consejo Intergubernamental 20-24 de septiembre
del PHI (Paris)
2004
Congress XXXIII IAH - 7º ALHSUD
Agosto 2005
GROUNDWATER FLOW UNDERSTANDING
from local to regional scales
Quinto Congreso Nacional de Aguas Subterráneas
26 al 28 de Octubre del
2005
Dos teleconferencias sobre temas de manejo del agua, en 30 de junio y 8 de
el marco del Año Internacional del Agua Dulce
diciembre 2004
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si terminó o está en proceso)
Numero de
Instituciones colaboradoras
participantes
6
Cazalac
IMTA
PHI/UNESCO
Univ. De Chile
Univ. De Gante
Otras Instituciones de la región
30
Cazalac
IMTA
PHI/UNESCO
Univ. De Chile
Univ. De Gante
Otras Instituciones de la región
1
Diferentes países de Europa, África, Asia, América
Central, Centroamérica
350
International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH)
Asociacion Latinoamericana de Hidrologia
Subterránea para el Desarrollo (ALHSUD)
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)
Instituto de Geografía (IGgf)
Instituto de Geología (IGL)
Centro de Geociencias (CGEO)
Instituto de Geofísica (IGF)
Gobierno del Estado de Zacatecas
Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua (IMTA)
Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas (UAZ)
Universidad Autónoma de San Luís Potosí (UASLP)
Asociación Geohidrológica Mexicana (AGM)
Comisión Nacional del Agua (CNA)
Instituto Nacional de Ecología (INE) Universidad
Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa (UAM-I)
Academia Mexicana de Ciencias (AMC)
American Ground Water Trust (AWT)
Universidad de Sonora (UNISON)
United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) International Hydrological
Programme (UNESCO)
AIEA : Agence Internationale de l'Energie Atomique
150
Asociación Geohidrológica Mexicana (AGM)
Comisión Nacional del Agua (CNA)
Universidad de Sonora
Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora
Comisión Estatal del Agua de Sonora
CNA
Diversas instituciones mexicanas
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
Estudio hidrogeológico de los acuíferos El Hundido y
Cuatrociénegas, Coahuila
Dr Álvaro A. Aldama Rodrí[email protected]
Balance Hídrico de México
Dr. Fco. Javier Aparicio Mijares
[email protected]
Dr. Fco. Javier Aparicio Mijares
[email protected]
Ing. Alberto Guitron de los Reyes
[email protected]
Mapa de zonas áridas de México
Gestión del agua en la cuenca Lerma-Chapala
Instituciones participantes
Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua
Instituto Nacional de Ecología
Comisión Nacional del Agua
Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua
Comisión Nacional del Agua
Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua
Comisión Nacional del Agua
Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua
Comisión Nacional del Agua
Consejo de cuenca
Asociación de usuarios
134
PUBLICACIONES
Título
Autores
Editores
CDs y materiales impresos relacionados con manejo del
agua y para el área educativa, también se organizó un
concurso de posters con el tema “Uso racional del Agua
Dulce”
En varias Hojas de Internet, entre ellas CNA, IMTA, eMéxico, SCT, etc., se incluyó información sobre el AIAD.
IMTA/SEP/CNA
Varios
APORTES RECIBIDOS (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Monto estimado (en efectivo y/o en especies)
OTROS (breve descripción):
1.
Primera Reunión de Coordinadores de Proyectos y Grupos de Trabajo Regionales UNESCO, del Programa Hidrológico Internacional para América
Latina y el Caribe en San José de Costa Rica del 26 al 28 de mayo de 2004
2. Mayo de 2005, se participó, en Argentina, apoyando el Taller del Mapa de Áridas de la Subregión de América del Sur
3. En agosto de 2005 se participó en la “Reunión conjunta de los proyecto PHI LAC” en Brasil, para promover y optimizar las actividades de los
programas del PHI-LAC.
4. Coordinación del mapa de zonas áridas de la subregión de Mesoamérica
5. Durante el año 2003, Año Internacional del Agua Dulce (AIAD), se conformó un Comité de trabajo para coordinar y motivar la participación general
en el AIAD, a continuación se enumeran varias de estas actividades
6. Se emitió un timbre postal conmemorativo al AIAD el 11 de diciembre, se emitieron diferentes posters, alusivos al AIAD, Se emitió un billete de
lotería, a nivel nacional, y una tarjeta telefónica, con apoyo de una empresa telefónica particular, con temas relacionados con el AIAD.
7. Durante el mes de mayo de 2005, se participó, en Argentina, apoyando el Taller del Mapa de Aridez de la Subregión de América del Sur.
8. Se continúa, inició en 2001, colaborando en el Programa Friend/Amigo para Latinoamérica y El Caribe del PHI de la UNESCO, siendo México
responsable de la Hoja de Internet de este programa, contando con el apoyo del Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua (IMTA).
9. En general el día Mundial del Agua, 22 de marzo, se participa, en conjunto con la CONAGUA, SEMARNAT, SEP, etc., promoviendo actividades
como conferencias, exposiciones o eventos específicos, relacionadas con el tema del agua.
10. En noviembre de 2003 se participó en la Reunión de los Comités Nacionales y Puntos Focales del Programa Hidrológico Internacional
(CONAPHIs) de UNESCO en la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador.
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
PAIS: MEXICO
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento será nacional, regional Fecha tentativa
o internacional)
IV Foro Mundial del Agua
Numero de
participantes
esperado
Marzo 2006
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
10,000
Instituciones colaboradoras potenciales
SEMARNAT
IMTA
CEAMA
Asociación Nacional de Usuarios de Rriego (ANUR)
ANEAS
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
Instituciones participantes y/o potenciales
Autores
Editores
PUBLICACIONES
Título
APORTES POTENCIALES (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Monto estimado (en efectivo o en especies)
OTROS (breve descripción):
1. Programa de posgrado del IMTA
2. Constitución del Centro de Capacitación del IMTA como Centro de Entrenamiento Regional
135
IHP ACTIVITIES
Activities developed during biennium 2004-2005
COUNTRY: CURAÇAO, ANTILLAS HOLANDESAS
EVENTS
Name (please indicate if it was a national, regional or international
Date
event)
Water Plan Curaçao
2004-2005
Ley de Manejo del Agua Subterranea
Number of
participants
6
Agosto 20042005
Cooperating
Institutions
-Servicio de Obras
Públicas
- Departamento de
Planeación Urbana
- Servicio
Ambiental
- Departamento de
Agricultura
- Oficina de
Ingenieros
Particular.
Departamento
Jurídico del
Gobierno Insular
de Curaçao.
- Departamento de
Agricultura de
Curaçao
RESEARCH/STUDIES
Title
(please indicate if it has been concluded or if it is in process)
Name and e-mail of the principal
investigator
Participating
Institutions
Authors
Editors
PUBLICATIONS
Title
OTHERS (brief description):
La ley del Manejo del Agua Subterranea esta escrita hace aproximadamente 25 años, pero
desafortunadamente aún no ha sido aprobada. A través de los años se le han hecho algunas modificaciones
y se espera que finalmente ahora quede lista para aprobación.
El punto primordial en este momento es acoplar esta ley, en una ley a nivel de Pais. Para esto se tratará de
incorporar en el Plan de Desarollo
136
Activities to be carried out during biennium 2006-2007
COUNTRY: CURAÇAO, ANTILLAS HOLANDESAS
EVENTS
Name (please indicate if national, regional or international event)
Date
Number of potential
participants
Potential cooperating
Institutions
RESEARCH/STUDIES
Title
Name and e-mail of the main
researcher
Potential participating
Institutions
Title
Authors
Editors
PUBLICATIONS
CONTRIBUTIONS (ESTIMATED AMOUNT)
Pontetial contributor
Estimated amount (in cash or in kind)
OTHERS (brief description):
Hasta principios de Octubre no es posible para el Departamento Juridico del gobierno recomenzar con la ley de Aguas
Subterraneas, por este motivo este trabajo va a continuar para el 2006.
En cuanto el Water Plan Curaçao, igualmente este año no hubo ningún adelanto y actualmente el Departamento de Obras
Publicas esta buscando financiamiento para continuar con el plan.
Ademas de estos dos proyectos El gobierno esta adquiriendo financiamiento para mejorar el drenaje de aguas lluvias (proyecto
del Departamento de Obras Públicas) y un proyecto de reparacion de presas de tierra (Proyecto del Departamento de
Agricultura).
ACTIVIDADES PHI
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
PAIS: PERU
EVENTOS
137
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
Nombre (indicar si el evento era nacional, regional o internacional)
Fecha
Día Mundial del Agua – 2004, Nacional
Día Mundial del Agua – 2005, Nacional
Marzo 2004
Marzo 2005
Numero de
participantes
50
50
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si terminó o está en proceso)
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
* Balance hídrico superficial del Perú a nivel Multianual (terminado)
Juan Julio Ordóñez Gálvez
[email protected]
* Balance hídrico superficial por cuencas a nivel mensual (proceso)
Juan Julio Ordóñez Gálvez
[email protected]
* Actualización del Atlas Hidrológico de la vertiente del Pacifico
Juan Julio Ordóñez Gálvez
[email protected]
(proceso)
* Zonas áridas y semi áridas, a nivel multianual (proceso)
Héctor Vera Arévalo
[email protected]
Juan Julio Ordóñez Gálvez
* Impacto hidrológico del evento El Niño/La Niña, en la cuenca del río
Santa (terminado).
jordonez@senamhi-gob-pe
* Mejoramiento de la capacidad de pronóstico de sequías a nivel de
Gladys Chamorro de Rodríguez
cuenca
[email protected]
Instituciones
colaboradoras
Instituciones
participantes
SENAMHI - DGH
SENAMHI – DGH
SENAMHI – DGH
SENAMHI – DGH
SENAMHI - DGH
SENAMHI – DGH
PUBLICACIONES
Título
* Vigilancia hidrológica de los ríos del Perú
* Estudio para la Evaluación de la Calidad del agua en el Perú
APORTES RECIBIDOS (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Autores
Dirección General de Hidrología
Dirección General de Hidrología
Editores
SENAMHI
SENAMHI
Monto estimado (en efectivo y/o en especies)
OTROS (breve descripción):
* El SENAMHI está elaborando una agenda de actividades para llevar acabo la recomposición del Comité Nacional del PHI.
* El SENAMHI presentó un Plan de Acción a largo plazo, solicitado con SC/Water/937 del 21.02.2003, con respecto a las
áreas de:
- Investigación en hidrología
- La gestión de los recursos hídricos
- La educación en diferentes niveles
* El SENAMHI, participa en eventos relacionados con los recursos hídrico a nivel nacional: disponibilidad, distribución, manejo,
valoración económica y sostenibilidad en el tiempo y espacio.
138
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
PAIS: PERU
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento será nacional, regional o internacional)
* Día Mundial del Agua – 2006, nacional
* Día Mundial del Agua – 2007, nacional
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
* Balance hídrico superficial de la vertiente del Pacifico (proceso)
* Actualización del Atlas Hidrológico de la vertiente del Pacifico
(proceso)
* Impacto hidrológico del evento El Niño/La Niña, en las cuencas de
los río Chao, Virú, Moche, Chicama, Jequetepeque, Zaña y
Chancay – Lambayeque
*
Fecha
tentativa
Marzo 2006
Marzo 2007
Numero de
participantes
esperado
100
100
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
Juan Julio Ordóñez Gálvez
[email protected]
Juan Julio Ordóñez Gálvez
[email protected]
Juan Julio Ordóñez Gálvez
jordonez@senamhi-gob-pe
Instituciones
colaboradoras
potenciales
Instituciones
participantes y/o
potenciales
SENAMHI – DGH
SENAMHI – DGH
SENAMHI - DGH
PUBLICACIONES
Título
* Vigilancia hidrológica de los ríos del Perú, en cantidad y calidad
Autores
Dirección General de Hidrología
Editores
SENAMHI
APORTES POTENCIALES (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
SENAMHI
Monto estimado (en efectivo o en especies)
Presupuesto de la Dirección 2006 y 2007
OTROS (breve descripción):
* El SENAMHI, participa en eventos relacionados con los recursos hídrico a nivel nacional: disponibilidad, distribución, manejo,
valoración económica y sostenibilidad en el tiempo y espacio.
* Reuniones del CONAPHI – PERU
* Certámenes técnicos – científicos a nivel internacional, nacional y local, con el apoyo de PHI - UNESCO
139
ACTIVIDADES PHI
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
PAIS:
URUGUAY
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento era nacional, regional o internacional)
Fecha
Reunión del Grupo de Trabajo Sobre Hidrología de la ARIII (Apoyo al 25 al 29 de
Ejercicio sobre el Indice sobre Evaluación de los Recursos Hídricos) abril de 2005
Numero de
participantes
20
Instituciones
colaboradoras
DNH – DNM - PHI
Taller
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si terminó o está en proceso)
Proyecto de investigación Cartográfica del Sistema Acífero Litoral
(Solicitud en trámite)
Proyecto Gestión de Crecientes en la Cuenca del Río Cuareim
(Informe Final de la Fase 1 en Preparación)
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
Instituciones
principal
participantes
Danilo Antón
[email protected]
Alejandro Arcelus
DNH, DINAMA, DNM,
[email protected]
CRC, MGAP, OSE,
PHI.
PUBLICACIONES
Título
APORTES RECIBIDOS (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Autores
Editores
Monto estimado (en efectivo y/o en especies)
OTROS (breve descripción):
Participación de los Ings. Roberto Torres en la reunión de los programas FRIEND y HELP del PHI en Foz de Iguazú/Brasil
(10-12 agosto 2005).
Participación de la Ing. Lourdes Batista en el Taller de Balance Hídrico de la Cuenca del Plata (CIC)
Montevideo 18/19 abril 2005.
Participación del Ing. Alejandro Arcelus en el Taller ISARM y en el Encuentro Internacional sobre Derecho Internacional y
acuíferos Transfronterizos.
(Noviembre 2004 y Marzo 2005)
140
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
PAIS: URUGUAY
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento será nacional, regional o internacional)
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
Fecha
tentativa
Numero de
participantes
esperado
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
Participación en la Componente II.4 Balance Hídrico Integral de la
[email protected]
Cuenca del Plata correspondiente al Programa Marco para la Gestión
Sostenible de los Recursos Hídricos de la Cuenca del Plata.
Propuesta de Estudios Piloto de los Acuíferos Transfronterizos Salto/ [email protected]
Salto Chico y Sistema acuífero en areniscas Cretácicas (Litoral Oeste [email protected]
de Uruguay) en el marco del programa ISARM.
Instituciones
colaboradoras
potenciales
Instituciones
participantes y/o
potenciales
DNH - DNM
DNH – DINAMIGE –
UNL
PUBLICACIONES
Título
Autores
Editores
APORTES POTENCIALES (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Monto estimado (en efectivo o en especies)
OTROS (breve descripción):
141
ACTIVIDADES PHI
Actividades desarrolladas durante el bienio 2004-2005
PAIS: VENEZUELA
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento era nacional, regional o internacional)
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si terminó o está en proceso)
Fecha
Numero de
participantes
Instituciones
colaboradoras
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
Instituciones
principal
participantes
Ministerio del
Geo. Fernando Decarli
[email protected]
Ambiente y de los
Recursos Naturales
(MARN)
PROGRAMA ACUIFEROS TRANSFRONTERIZOS DE LAS
AMERICAS (ISARM) (En Proceso)
1- Participación en dos talleres realizados en Montevideo
(Septiembre 2003) y El Paso (Noviembre,2004)
2- Participación en el III Taller de Coordinación UNESCO/OEA
ISARM AMERICAS a realizarse en Sao Paulo en Nov/Dic 2005.
3- Elaboración del estudio “Acuífero San Antonio del Táchira –
Ureña” (Terminó)
MAPA DE ZONAS ARIDAS, SEMIARIDAS Y SUB-HUMEDAS DE
Ing. Marelia Puche
AMERICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE (En proceso)
[email protected]
1- Participación en el Taller Subregión Países Andinos realizado
en Quito (Enero 2005).
2- Definición de las diferentes fases (9) del proyecto del Mapa de
Zonas Áridas, Semiáridas y Sub-húmedas secas de America
Latina y el Caribe en Venezuela.
3- Desarrollo de las fases 1, 2 y 3 del proyecto (en ejecución)
Facultad de
Agronomía.
Universidad Central
de Venezuela
PUBLICACIONES
Título
APORTES RECIBIDOS (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
PHI-UNESCO
Autores
Editores
Monto estimado (en efectivo y/o en especies)
US$ 1000
OTROS (breve descripción):
142
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
Actividades a desarrollar durante el bienio 2006-2007
PAIS: VENEZUELA
EVENTOS
Nombre (indicar si el evento será nacional, regional o internacional)
PROGRAMA ACUIFEROS TRANSFRONTERIZOS DE LAS
AMERICAS (ISARM)
Taller para la fomentar la participación de otros organismos
nacionales en el proyecto
INVESTIGACIONES/ESTUDIOS
Título (indicar si está en proceso)
Fecha
tentativa
Numero de
participantes
esperado
-
-
Nombre y e-mail del investigador
principal
PROGRAMA ACUIFEROS TRANSFRONTERIZOS DE LAS
Geo. Fernando Decarli (Por
AMERICAS (ISARM)
Venezuela)
Elaboración del estudio “Acuífero Transfronterizo San Antonio [email protected]
Ureña (Venezuela) y Villa del Rosario Cúcuta (Colombia) de
acuerdo a la propuesta a presentar en el III Taller de
Coordinación UNESCO/OEA ISARM AMERICAS a realizarse en
Sao Paulo en Nov/Dic 2005.
Instituciones
colaboradoras
potenciales
FAV, INIA, MARN,
EDELCA, Otras
universidades
Instituciones
participantes y/o
potenciales
Ministerio del
Ambiente y de los
Recursos Naturales
(MARN) y la
Institución
equivalente en
Colombia
MAPA DE ZONAS ARIDAS, SEMIARIDAS Y SUB-HUMEDAS DE
Ing. Marelia Puche
AMERICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE (En proceso)
[email protected]
Culminación del proyecto del Mapa de Zonas Áridas, Semiáridas
y Sub-húmedas secas de America Latina y el Caribe en
Venezuela.
Facultad de
Agronomía.
Universidad Central
de Venezuela
INTEGRACION DE MODELOS HIDROLOGICOS Y
METEOROLOGICOS CON FINES DE PRONOSTICO.
Ing. Marco Polo Rivero
[email protected]
[email protected]
POTENCIAL DE INUNDACIONES EN LOS PRINCIPALES
CENTROS POBLADOS DE VENEZUELA
Ing. Abraham Salcedo
[email protected]
Facultad de
Ingeniería
Universidad Central
de Venezuela
EDELCA
FAV
CIDIAT
Facultad de
Ingeniería
Universidad Central
de Venezuela
MARN
CIDIAT
PUBLICACIONES
Título
Autores
Editores
APORTES POTENCIALES (MONTO ESTIMADO)
Institución
Monto estimado (en efectivo o en especies)
OTROS (breve descripción):
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ACRONYM LIST
ABRH
ACHAL
AECI
AGCI
ALHSUD
ANP
ARCHISS
ASCE
AWRA
CATHALAC
CAZALAC
CEDES
CEH
CEHI
CEOP
CIAT
CICPlata
CIDA
CILA
CIRH
COF
COP10
CORALINA
- Associação Brasileira de Recursos Hídricos
- Atlas of the Cultures of Water
- Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional
- Agencia de Cooperación Internacional
- Asociación Latinoamericana de Hidrología Subterránea para el Desarrollo
- National Port Authority
- Archival Climate History Survey project in Latin America
- American Society of Civil Engineers
- American Water Resources Association
- Centro del Agua del Trópico Húmedo para Ámerica Latina y el Caribe
- Water Center for Arid and Semiarid Regions of Latin America and the Caribbean
- Centro de Estudios y Experimentación de Obras Publicas (Honduras)
- Hydrographical Studies Centre (Honduras)
- Caribbean Environmental Health Institute
- Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period
- International Centre on Tropical Agriculture
- Comité Intergubernamental Coordinador de los Países de la Cuenca del Plata
- Canadian International Development Agency
- Comisión Internacional de Límites y Aguas
- Centro de Información de Recursos Hídricos
- Climate Outlook Forum
- Conference of the Parties
- Corporation for the Sustainable Development of San Andres, Old Providence
and Santa Catalina
CRRH
- Regional Hydraulic Resources Committee
D5
- V Inter-American Dialogue on Water Resources Management
EC
- Executive Committee
ENSO
- El Niño - Southern Oscillation
EOLSS
- Encyclopaedia of Life Support System
ERIS
- Regional School of Sanitary Engineering and Hydraulic Resources
ESPOL
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (Ecuador)
EVT
- Evapotranspiration
EWRI
- Environmental and Water Resources Institute
FAO
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
FIDAE
- Feria Internacional del Aire y del Espacio
FPs
- Focal Points
GTZ
- Organización Alemana para el Desarrollo
GW
- Ground Water
GWP
- Global Water Partnership
HELP
- Hydrology for Environment Life and Policy
IAAE
- International Association of Agricultural Economists
IAH
- International Association of Hydrogeologists
IAHS
- International Association of Hydrological Sciences
IBWC
- International Border and Water Commission
ICWES
- International Centre for Water and Energy Systems
IDEAM
- Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (Colombia)
IGO
- Intergovernmental Organizations
IGWCO
- Integrated Global Water Cycle Observations Theme
IHP NatComs - International Hydrological Programme National Committees
IHP
- International Hydrological Programme
IMTA
- Mexican Institute in Water Technologies
INSIVUMEH - Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología.
144
IRD
ISARM
ISI
IWRM
IWRN
Kc
LAC
LDC
LINKS
MAB
MAZ
NGO
OAS
OLAGI
OSDE
PccP
PNUMA
REDCAPA
RH-LAC
SAMTAC
SERNA
SIG
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (France)
- International Shared Aquifer Resource Management
- International Sedimentation Initiative
- Integrated Water Resources Management
- InterAmerican Water Resources Network
- crop coefficient
- Latin America and the Caribbean
- Less Developed Countries
- Locals and Indigenous Knowledge System
- Man and Biosphere Programme
- Map of arid zones
- Non-Governmental Organizations
- Organization of the American States
- Organización Latinoamericana de Gobiernos Intermedios
- Office for Sustainable Development and Environment
- From Potential Conflict to Co-operation Potential
- Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente
- Red de Instituciones Vinculadas a la Capacitación en Economía y Políticas
Agrícolas en América Latina y el Caribe
- Regional Hydrologist for Latin America and the Caribbean
-South American Technical Advisory Committee
- Natural Resources and Environment Secretary
- Geographical Information Systems
SNET
- Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (El Salvador)
SPG
TARWR
UCA
UdelaR
UN
UNCCC
UNCCD
UNECE
UNEP
UNESCO
USAID
USGS
WB
WB
WET
WGSIG
WHYMAP
WIS7
WMO
WMO
WRAI
WWAP
WWF IV
- Strategic Planning Group
- Total Actual Renewable Water Resources
- Universidad Centroamericana “José Simeón Cañas” (El Salvador)
- Universidad de la República (Uruguay)
- United Nations
- United Nations Convention for Climate Change
- United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
- United Nations Environment Programme
- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
- United States Agency for International Development
- United States Geological Service
- Water Balance
- Water Balance
- Water Education and Training
- Andean Working Group on Snow, Ice, and Glaciers
- World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping and Assessment Programme
- VII Water Information Summit
- World Meteorological Organization
-World Meteorological Organization
- Water Resources Assessment Index
- World Water Assessment Programme
- 4th World Water Forum
145