Demografic-analysis-of-the-banat-region

Study: Demografic analysis of
the Banat region
Part of the cross-border cooperation of
Serbian and Romanian Banat. Competetive
Analysis of two Banat economies and
measures to promote cooperation
Author: ADM Konsalting ltd, Vršac
Pančevo, September 2011
ADM Konsalting ltd Vršac
Thim of autors:
Dragovan Milićević PhD, manager of project
Aleksandar Radovanovic, B.Sc.Ec. author of demografic
analysis of the Banat Region
Žaklina Milićević, Director of ADM Konsalting
Miloš Milićević, editor and translator
ADM Konsalting Ltd, Vršac
The most important projects:
 Chamber of Commerce of Serbia, Belgrade - Serbian Economy Sectoral
Analysis;
 Regional Chamber of Commerce Sremska Mitrovica - Analysis of the economy
of the region of Srem;
 Regional Chamber of Commerce Valjevo - Analysis of the regional economy
and Macve Kolubara;
 Pancevo Regional Chamber of Commerce - Analysis of the economy of South
Banat region;
 Galeb Group Sabac - Valuation of assets and capital of the company Galeb GT
AD and AD Beograd Belgrade Galeb FSU
 Company for roads, Valjevo - Report on economic and financial justification
for purchasing asphalt, valuation of assets and capital in company Kievo Ltd.
Belgrade;
 Centre for of roads Vojvodina Novi Sad - Economic and financial feasibility
study for the purposes of securing credit for purchases of fixed assets;
 The Institute of Economic Sciences, Belgrade - Cooperation in the field of
sectoral analysis;
 NS Pharm Novi Sad - Valuation of assets and capital of the company;
 BG Pharm Belgrade - Valuation of assets and capital of the company;
 NI MEDIC Belgrade - Valuation of assets and capital of the company;
 Participation on the International Conference Accounting and Management Split, June 2011;
 Research competitiveness of the Serbian and Romanian Banat (project funded
by the EU);
 Analysis of pharmaceutical market from the perspective of liquidity
and sustainability of funding(the project for group of pharmaceutical
manufacturers and wholesalers group);
 Analysis of the South Banat region economy;
 The Institute of Economic Sciences, Belgrade - Analysis of the concentration of
business in the sale of products non specialized;
 Analysis of the competitiveness of the economy of the region of western
Serbia; Regional Chamber of Commerce Valjevo
Banat through time
Banat is a geographical region, was divided between Serbia, Romania and Hungary.
The historical capital of the Banat in Timisoara, which is now in Romania. Banat is
named after the title sovereigns "ban" or the historical province named Tamis Banat.
Banat traditional symbol of the lion, which is now located on the crest coat of arms of
Vojvodina and Romania.
History
Indo-European peoples who have inhabited the present territory of Banat in the three
migration waves which date back to the 4200th, 3300th and 2800th BC. Before the
Roman conquest in the second century BC, the territory of today's Banat IndoEuropean peoples inhabited the Thracian (Agatirzi, Getty, Dacians) and Celtic (color
Eravisci) origin. Thracian peoples mentioned in the Banat from the sixth century BC,
the Celts from the third century BC. In the mid first century BC, there was a great
battle between the Celts and Dacians, led by Burebista. The battle took place on the
lower Tisza River, and defeated the Celts, after the battle, left the area. By Thracian
Dacians was later named the Roman province of Dacia.
In the second century BC, conquered by the Romans and the Banat region became
an integral part of the Roman province of Dacia. In the third century, Germanic
Goths and Romans expel Iranian Sarmatians from the territory of Banat and settled
in the area. Of the Sarmatian tribes that lived in this area, known as Jazigi,
Roksolana and Limigani. Around 370th , the Goths conquered Jazige, which later,
during the Hun invasion, remain unaccounted for.
As the 375th The fallen into Europe, conquering Huns and occupy the country
gothic
Banat, putting under his rule the tribes of Goths and Sarmatians. Before saving
Huns, Goths part, previously inhabited by the northern Banat, made his way across
the Danube and settled in Thrace. After the death of Attila the Hun leader,
antihunska coalition led by the Germanic people and their king Gepids Ardorihom, a
decisive battle on the southern Banat Neda is the power of the Huns collapsed
state.
The surviving warriors found the Huns were then run to the rescue in the Black
Sea. After the victory over the Huns, Gepids in this area establish their own state,
which initially included the Banat and Transylvania, and later also
Backa and Srem.
557th year, in the Pannonian Plain appear Avars, who were allied with the Lombards defeated
Gepids. In 8th century nobleman mentioned Avar Buta-ul, which governs the Banat and Backa.
796th year, Franks inflict a final defeat Avars, when Pepin, son of the Frankish ruler Charlemagne,
penetrated to the Avar capital on the Tisza River and managed to overcome resistance Avar Avar
and seize priceless treasure, which they dovlačili with its predatory campaign.
Slavic tribes settled in the territory of today's Banat 6th and 7 century, before
crossing the Danube and the Sava and the settlement of the Balkan Peninsula (the
Slavs the territory of Banat first appearance in the 4th century until the first massive
6th place at the beginning of settlement century). The ancestors of the Slavs
originally lived somewhere between the Huns and Gepidaes, and after the fall
gepidske state, started with Avars to the west and south. Among the Slavic masses
were located in most of the ancestors of the Serbs, who are using the weakness of
the Byzantine Empire, until 8 century gradually settled the Balkan Peninsula. In the
area of today's Banat Slavic tribes Bodrici, Severani, Braničevci and Timočani have
lived.
In the 9th century, after the fall of the Avars, there are some early forms of
Slovenian statehood in the region. The first Slavic state that was governed by the
present territory of Banat were the Bulgarian Empire and Great Moravia. According
to historical record of Hungary chronicle Gesta Hungarorum (Hungarorum
gesture), while the Bulgarian government (ninth century), ruled Banat Bulgarian
duke Glad, who was a vassal of the Bulgarian Tsar Simeon. Gladov was a
descendant of the Duke Ahtum Banat, the last ruler who opposed the
establishment of direct government of the Hungarian kingdom in the 11th century.
Ahtum is an Orthodox Christian.
The establishment of the Kingdom of Hungary, Banat around 1028th year, falls
under Hungarian power. The population of medieval Hungary was ethnically mixed
and included the Hungarians, Slavs, Kumanovo, Sase, Székely, Jase, Vlachs, etc..
Hungarians in initially consisted of the Hungarian ruling class of society, while the
peasants were mostly Slavs. In the thirteenth century, the Banat area today, there
were following the Hungarian counties of metal, krašovska, Tamiška and čanadska.
Although the Serbs in Banat were part of indigenous Slavic population, a large
number of Serbs began to settle in this area starting from the fourteenth century.
Just before the Ottoman conquest of the region, Serbs accounted for a significant
part of today's population of Banat. In the first half of the fifteenth century, some
cities and towns in the territory of today's Banat were under the Serbian despot
Stefan Lazarevic and Brankovic Durda. In possession of Stefan Lazarevic were
places Novalja (Novalja today) and the Great Bečkerek (today Zrenjanin). These
places were also held by Durda Brankovic, who, in addition to these cities, and was
in possession of Perlek, Aracaju, Vrsac, and so on.
Serbs as the majority population in the Banat were active factor in the internal
developments of the Kingdom of Hungary. Their acceptance of Christianity began in the
10th Duke Ahtum century baptism by the Greek-Byzantine rite, and as early as the next
century there are the first resistance and rebellion against attempts Latinized.
Widespread colonization of Serbs from the south into this area began at the time of
King Louis I (1356), and continued after the battle of Kosovo at the time the rule of
Despot Stefan Lazarevic and Brankovic Durda, and after the fall Smederevo (1459). As
a result of the Turkish conquest, the ethnic Hungarian element soon disappeared from
the region of Banat, and in their place settled Serbs. The presence of the majority
Serbian population in this area, the reason why in many historical records and maps
created between the fifteenth and eighteenth century, the territory today known as
Banat mentioned Rascia (Raska, Serbia) and Little Raska (Little Serbia).
Shortly after the Battle of Mohacs (1526.) And the military defeat which was inflicted
Hungary Ottoman Empire, the historic scene exits self-proclaimed Serbian emperor,
Jovan Nenad. With the help of the army originally consisting of Serbian mercenaries,
Jovan Nenad establish its authority in Backa, Banat and northern part of Srem and
creates a temporary independent state, whose capital was Subotica.
At the height of his power, Jovan Nenad in Subotica crowned Serbian king. The
Serbian state was short-lived. The Hungarian nobles allied against Jovan Nenad
and defeated his army in the summer of the 1527th year, a car Jovan Nenad was
assassinated. Over time, the Emperor Jovan Nenad has become a legendary figure
for the Serbs. Many historians consider him the founder of today's Vojvodina in
Subotica, he erected a monument with the inscription: "Your beat is the thought"
(this is interpreted as the thought of Serbian independence in today's Vojvodina in
relation to Hungary / Hungary). After the failure of the kings of the state, and parts
of Backa Banat, which was run for a short time come again under Hungarian
administration, soon came under direct Ottoman administration.
Since the 1552nd until 1717. , the Banat was under Ottoman rule as Timisoara
wilaya (province Timisoara), divided by the Sandzak, and Sanjaks the district.
Banat is the name of the Ottoman Empire conquered the Muslim Serb Mehmed
Pasha Sokolovic, and his army was then 8000 and 100,000 Akinji janissaries,
including 20,000 Serbs. On the eve of conquest, Mehmed Pasha Sokolovic, a
proclamation issued by the Serbs in Banat, written in Serbian Cyrillic alphabet,
which the Serbs promised benefits, substantial exemptions from taxes and levies
and the full protection of property and life.
About half of the 16th century Western (flat) Banat was predominantly ethnic
Serbian and east (mountain) predominantly Romanian Banat. Serbs mostly live in
villages, populated cities, while the ethnically and religiously mixed population,
which is include Serbs, Muslims (Turks, Serbs Islamized, Arabs), Rome, Greeks,
Cincar, Jews, etc.. Bečkerek (today Zrenjanin), was then one of the most important
settlement in the Banat, and the merits of his local Becskerek Serbs have done
to win the Banat, Mehmed Pasha Sokolovic turned the city in its endowment,
and its people free from all military levies.
After the restoration of the Patriarchate 1557th year, which brought about Mehmed
Pasha Sokolovic, Orthodox Serbs in the region of Banat came under its jurisdiction,
and head of the Patriarchate was then the title "Patriarch of the Serbs, Bulgarians,
and maritime northern side. "From that time on the Banat are known Serbian
Diocese: Lipovska, Vrsac, Becskerek and Timisoara.
In the second half of the 16th century, the eastern part of Banat in a short time, was
under administration of the Ottoman vassal principality of Transylvania, which is in
this area organized administrative province and known as Lugos karansebes Banat.
Serbs in Banat, under the leadership of Bishop velikobečkerečkog Todor, raised a
large uprising against the Ottoman rule the 1594th , and the empire they retaliated
by burning Relics of St. Sava - the biggest Serbian relics, which are respected even
Muslims Serbian origin. The uprising is the unhappy ending, and Bishop gets caught
and is alive skinned by the Turks. This was one of the largest uprisings in Serbian
history, and most certainly before the First Serbian Uprising led by KaraĎorĎe.
As the Habsburg monarchy released from Banat Turks, militarily defeating them,
Peace was established Požarevački (1718. In), under which property becomes
Banat Habsburg monarchy. Banat was then governed as a special military province
called Tamis Banat, and is divided into 11 districts. 1751st years, Maria Theresia
exempts 8 (northern) district under the jurisdiction of military authorities, and
introducing civil administration, while the other 3 (South) district, later (1768 to 1773.
years) established the Banat military border. Tamiška Banat Province was abolished
in the 1778th year. and its territory is connected to Hungary (at that time the
Habsburg Province). Southern areas remain within the Banat military border until it
was closed 1873rd year.
After demobilization Maros and presses the border, many Serbs from this area were
moved and settled in the Banat are in place next to the Tisza. When creating the
Banat military border, in its composition have not entered the northern parts of
today's Banat and Serbs because they are dissatisfied. To subsided dissatisfaction,
which did not make the composition of the boundaries established by Maria Theresa
1774th The Velikokikindski privileged district based in the Kikinda, a district
comprised of 10 municipalities: Great Kikinda, Kikinda Small, Charles, Kumanovo,
Karas, Obilićevo (Josefov), Serbian Krstur, Vranjevo, Melenci and Mokrin. This
district is all there until 1876. year. At that time, in the Banat had already
implemented a strong colonization of the Germans. Besides the Germans, the area
of Banat is then settled and the Hungarians, Slovaks, Croats and others. Due to the
mutual interference of Serbs and Romanians, areas of central Banat, who until then
had been a mixed Serbian-Romanian character, given the predominant character of
the Romanian.
During the Austrian rule, the Serbs in Vojvodina and Banat have made church autonomy
within Karlovac Metropolitan, which in 1848. The elevated to the rank of patriarchate.
The jurisdiction of the metropolitan area is encompassed by the Adriatic Sea to
Bukovina and the Danube and the Sava river to the Upper Hungary, and Stratimirović
had ecclesiastical authority over the Orthodox Serbs, Romanians, Greeks and Zinzars,
who lived within the borders of the Habsburg monarchy.
During 1848-1849. years, the western part of the Banat was part of the Serbian
Vojvodina, a large Bečkerek cities and Timisoara is one time served as the capital of
Serbian Vojvodina.
In November, the 1849th years, created a new province of Austria "Duchy Serbia and
Banat Tamiška ", which, in addition to parts of Backa and Srem, and occupied a
larger part of the Banat region (excluding the military frontier). The capital of the
province was Timisoara. This province was abolished in the 1860th year, then in
1873. The demilitarized Banat military border, and the 1876th year ceased to exist
Velikokikindski privileged district, and the whole Banat is divided into three counties:
Torontal, Tamiška and krašovsku and subordinated to the Hungarian central public
administration.
Austro-Hungarian Compromise (1867. Years), Hungary began to implement strong
colonization of the Banat Hungarians.
After the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian, in Banat, on 31 October 1918th was
declared short Banat Republic (took a few days), based in Timisoara. This action
led the local Germans and Hungarians, and the republic disbanded when, in early
November 1918. The Serbian army won territory of Banat. After the signing of the
Belgrade armistice and establish demarcation lines and the Serbian Army has
controlled most of the Banat, which is 25th November 1918. year, as part of the
province named Banat, Backa and Baranja unites with the Kingdom of Serbia, and
then first December 1918. became part of Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes,
later known as the Kingdom Yugoslavia. Peace treaties of Versailles (1919. In) and
Trianon (1920. years) are determined by the new state border of Romania and
Hungary. According to these peace treaties, the territory of Banat was divided
between the Kingdom of Serbs, Romania and Hungary. Later, they made some
minor adjustments to the boundaries of the Kingdom of SHS and Romania (Modos,
Pardanj).
According to the census, which was conducted by the Kingdom of SHS (31 1
1921.), Banat was 9776 km ² and 582,571 inhabitants (of which 3,940 soldiers), of
which there were about 240,000 Serbs, Slovenes, 2139, 2081 Czechs, Slovaks,
15,544, Russians 6, 2277 Bulgarians, Poles 70, 2369 Russians, Hungarians,
102,104, 138,292 Germans, Jews, 4690, 375 Albanians, Turks, 91, 72,305
Romanians, and about 4,000 others. By religion was: Orthodox 310,846, Catholics
225,000, the Greek-Catholics in 1649, 39,210 of Evangelicals, Muslims, 697, other
69, without religion 590.
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was initially divided into districts and counties,
and Banat did a county, whose center was a large Bečkerek. of
1922nd year, the country is administratively divided into areas and the area of Banat
belonged to the following areas: the Belgrade area, based in Belgrade
(Zagreb, part of Sumadija, western part of the eastern part of Banat and Backa) and
Danubian area based in Smederevo (part of the eastern part of Sumadija
Banat). Since 1929. year, the country is divided into banovinas (province), and
Banat area is mainly went Banovina Danube in Novi Sad. City of Pancevo was not part
of the Danube ban, but belonged to separate the City of Belgrade.
After the April war and military collapse of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1941.
years, the area Banat was occupied by German troops and, although formally part
of Nedic's Serbia, in fact, was a special autonomous region, which is managed by
the local German minority. The intention was that the Germans turn in the Banat
Swabians Danube separate state, associated with the Third Reich. Therefore, the
local German authorities began to persecute the Serbs (who are were the most
numerous people in Banat), as well as Jews and Roms. During the war, killed more
than 7,500 inhabitants of Banat, and in the Banat the executions were carried out on
population from other areas. Scaffold in place next to the village Jabuka German
troops have killed about 20,000 people, mostly brought from Semlin concentration
camp near Belgrade, and at the same place the German troops were used by the
incinerator. The scaffold was killed and most of Banat Jews. In August, the 1942nd
year, German authorities have declared that the Banat "judenrein" or "cleansed of
Jews". Local Banat Germans were drafted into the SS Division "Prinz Eugen",
whose headquarters was located in the city Pancevo, and this division is involved in
the operations of the German army across the territory of former Yugoslavia, where
he committed numerous crimes against the civilian population.
Banat was liberated from German occupation of the 1944th , and since 1945. The
part of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina within Serbia and the new socialist
Yugoslavia. A small part of Banat, near Belgrade (Pancevo rit) was not included in
the composition of Vojvodina, but becomes part of the so-called Serbia proper.
PARTS OF BANAT
According to the 2002 census. years, the population of Serbian Banat (except for his
part that belongs to Belgrade) numbered 616,202 inhabitants. In most cities and
municipalities of Serbian Banat Serbs are the majority. Hungarians make up the
majority population in the municipality Coka (51.56%), and the Slovaks are relative
ethnic majority in the ethnically mixed municipality Kovačica (41.07%). Romanians
make up the ethnic majority in some neighborhoods, and the Czechs in the Czech
Village neighborhood. In the Romanian part of Banat Romanians are the majority,
but in some municipalities make up the majority of other people (per the 2002
census.): The Serbs make the absolute majority in the municipalities Požežena
(52.09%) and Piggy (87.27%), and a relative majority in the municipality Sokolovac
(49.54%), Croats (Krašovani) make up the majority in the municipalities of Kras
(84.60%) and Lupak (93.38%), Bulgarians make up the majority in the municipality
of Old Bešenovo (50.95%); while Ukrainians make up the majority of municipalities
Pike (63.65%) and Copacele (65.21%). In the Hungarian part of the Banat
Hungarians are the majority, but in some villages in the region (desk, Sirig Sentivan)
present and the Serbian minority.
TOWNS
The largest cities are the Serbian part of Banat (population reported by
census data from 2002. year):
Zrenjanin
79.773
Pančevo
77.087
Kikinda
41.935
Vršac
36.623
Borča
35.150
Novi Bečej
14.452
Kovin
14.250
Bela Crkva
10.675
Krnjača
unknown number of people
The number of population reported in
the year 2002 census Krnjača and Palilula
together amounts to 103,261
The largest cities are of Romanian Banat (population reported by assessment in 2009. year):
Temišvar
286.000
Rešica
88.000
Lugož
46.000
Karansebeš
29.000
Bokša
17.000
Moldava Noua
14.000
Oravica
13.000
Sannikolau Mare
13.000
Oršava
13.000
Ocelu Rošu
12.000
Žombolj
12.000
Lipova
11.000
Novi Arad
part of the town of Arad,
unknown number of people
The only significant urban area in the Hungarian part of Banat is Ujseged ("New
Szeged"), part of the town of Szeged.
Changes in total population
Historical data until the beginning of the twentieth century
According to data from the 1584th years, parts of east of Banat and Lugosi Caransebes
were inhabited by Romanians, the parts west of Timisoara Serbs, while the parts
between Timisoara, Lugosi and Caransebes were transient, the Serbian-Romanian.
In the mid 18th century, the Banat is an ethnically divided into two parts:
• Romanian, which is predominantly mountainous and
• Serbian, which is primarily flat.
According to the tables of the village of Banat, along ethnic lines derived from the
1743rd and the 1753rd , the far east of Banat districts (Lugoški, Karansebeški,
Oršavska) were purely Romanian, Western end (Becskerek, Pancevo, Kikinda) pure
Serbian, while the central districts (Vrsac, Lipovski, Novopalanački, Timisoara,
Čakovski, Čanadski) had a mixed Serbian -Romanian population.
According to incomplete data from 1771-1772. year (listed 520 of the 635 existing
settlements), the population of Banat numbered 317,928 inhabitants, of which:
Romanians
181.639
Serbs
78.780
Germans, French, Italian
43.201
Bulgarian
8.683
Roms
5.272
Jews
353
According to data from the 1774th , the population of Banat numbered 375,740
inhabitants, of which:
Rumuni
220.000 (58,55%)
Srbi i Grci (Cincari)
100.000 (26,61%)
Nemci
53.000 (14,11%)
MaĎari i Bugari
2.400 (0,64%)
Jevreji
340 (0,09%)
According to data from 1900. , the population of Banat numbered 1,431,329 inhabitants,
of which:
Romanians
578.789
Germans
362.487
Serbs
251.938
Hungarians
170.124
According to data from 1910. , the population of Banat (Torontal County, Tamis and
Caras-Severin) is counted 1,582,133 inhabitants, of which:
Romanians
592.049 (37,42%)
Germans
387.545 (24,50%)
Serbs
284.329 (17,97%)
Hungarians
242.152 (15,31%)
Map of Banat is given below.
Change in total population in earlier periods of history, before the twentieth
century, is given the graphic below.
Population change
1,800,000
1717. - 1910.
1,600,000
1,400,000
1,200,000
1,000,000
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
It is obvious that the population of Banat from the 1717th to the beginning of the
twentieth century increased manifold. The exponential growth ends at the
beginning of the twentieth century, by which time the population grew from just
over 85,000 to more than 1.5 million people.
In this, the early stage, no detailed demographic data on sex and age structure
of population.
The demographic map of the 1743rd data is given below.
Changing demographics of the population, in the past demographic history of Banat,
was presented with the following two charts.
Demographics 1771. godine
0.11% 1.66% 2.73%
13.59%
Rumuni
Srbi
Nemci, Francuzi, Italijani
Bugari
Cigani
Jevreji
57.13%
24.78%
Demographics 1910. godine
16.08%
39.31%
18.88%
25.73%
Rumuna
Nemaca
Srba
MaĎara
Romanians remain most numerous population in the whole observed period, but
as a reduction in their share of the total population. On the other
hand, significantly increased the population of German and Serbian origin, as
in absolute and in relative terms. The names of ethnic groups in the charts are presented in its
original form.
New Census
Census data on total population for the Romanian and the Serbian part of Banat listed by
years are given in the table below. Because the Censuses in the two countries haven’t conducted
in the same years, data in the table are given separately.
Godina
Broj stanovnika
Rumunski deo Banata
1910
902,210
1920
822,639
1930
878,877
1941
898,262
1956
896,668
1966
966,322
1977
1,082,461
1992
1,076,380
2002
1,011,145
Srpski deo Banata
1910
566,400
1921
559,096
1931
585,579
1948
601,626
1953
617,163
1961
655,868
1971
666,559
1981
672,884
1991
648,390
2002
665,397
It is obvious that the 2002 census. years, and conducted in Romania and in
Serbia, the region's population is 1,676,542 inhabitants. If you summarize the data
from 1910. year, which exist for both countries - the total population of Banat at the
beginning of the twentieth century (before and SR) is 1,468,601. The average
population growth rate, calculated on the basis of these two values and reducing
the number of census conducted census in Serbia (10), we get a value of 1.48%
between the two censuses.
In 1910. the population of the Romanian part of Banat was approximately 59%
higher than the population in the Serbian part of Banat. At the end of the period,
2010. The number of residents in the Romanian part of Banat is greater than the
population in the Serbian part of Banat by 52%. Thus, the population in the Serbian
part of Banat is growing at a slightly higher rate than is the case in the Romanian
part of this geographic region.
Graphically represented population trends look like the following charts.
Romanian Banat
1,200,000
1,100,000
1,000,000
900,000
800,000
700,000
600,000
1910
1920
1930
1941
1956
1966
1977
1992
2002
Serbian Banat
700,000
650,000
600,000
550,000
500,000
450,000
400,000
1910 1921
1931 1948
1953 1961
1971 1981
1991
2002
Between the 1910th and 1920. year, then in period SR, naturally, in Serbian and Romanian part of the
geographic region a decline in population, after which it continues to grow steadily to 80's of XX century.
The period of the Second World War led to population declines in the Romanian part of Banat, but
colonization in the former Yugoslavia has led to an increase in the number of people
who can see the list of 1948. During the 80's comes to depopulation this region in
both Romania and Serbia, that after 2000-and this trend in Serbia improved.
Demographic growth
Data on population trends and population estimates are based on date available data
from official statistics of the state. Statistical Office of Serbia gives very detailed
information, while the Romanian statistics less accessible. In this section, shall be
based on data RZS while the data on the Romanian part of Banat be used only as
a supplement. The first table refers to data and estimates of future population trends
in the Romanian part of Banat.
Primetan je očekivani nastavak trenda depopulacije.
Serbian official statistical data, without the estimated population trends in the future, are given in the table
below.
OKRUZI
Srednjobanatski
Žitiš te
Zrenjanin - grad
Nova Crnja
Novi Bečej
Sečanj
1991
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
217.684 206.278 204.382 202.286 199.999 197.585 195.190 193.067
22.826
20.026
19.725
19.383
19.014
18.661
18.307
18.005
133.377
131.224
130.464
129.568
128.527
127.416
126.325
125.391
14.234
29.091
12.400
26.524
12.120
26.211
11.849
25.918
11.612
25.601
11.338
25.271
11.058
24.970
10.790
24.690
18.156
16.104
15.862
15.568
15.245
14.899
14.530
14.191
173.839
164.013
162.435
160.757
158.984
157.155
155.387
153.708
Ada
20.413
18.878
18.724
18.558
18.372
18.189
18.028
17.835
Kanjiža
29.536
27.289
27.123
26.948
26.754
26.566
26.391
26.203
Kikinda
67.582
66.168
65.532
64.842
64.119
63.324
62.530
61.790
Novi Kneževac
14.301
12.762
12.550
12.346
12.170
11.985
11.757
11.549
Senta
26.420
25.341
25.155
24.930
24.673
24.457
24.288
24.156
Čoka
15.587
13.575
13.351
13.133
12.896
12.634
12.393
12.175
Severnobanatski
Južnobanatski
319.471
314.082
312.621
310.862
308.706
306.133
303.392
300.874
Alibunar
25.186
22.671
22.465
22.222
21.933
21.608
21.253
20.931
Bela Crkva
21.610
20.181
19.949
19.664
19.321
19.009
18.721
18.451
Vrš ac
54.801
54.228
54.055
53.828
53.579
53.290
52.946
52.606
Kovačica
29.772
27.792
27.590
27.352
27.081
26.867
26.662
26.447
Kovin
39.196
37.757
37.629
37.418
37.076
36.650
36.214
35.827
Opovo
11.775
11.119
11.064
10.980
10.882
10.755
10.651
10.565
122.157
127.210
126.960
126.716
126.388
125.769
125.038
124.362
14.974
13.124
12.909
12.682
12.446
12.185
11.907
11.685
Pančevo - grad
Plandište
As in the case of Romanian Banat and Serbia are in this geographic region has been a depopulation,
which violates an earlier proposition that in 2000-that there was a trend of improving. Graphically
represented, the movement of population in the Serbian Banat looks like the following chart.
Serbian Banat
720.000
710.000
700.000
690.000
680.000
670.000
660.000
650.000
640.000
630.000
620.000
610.000
1991
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
As the two censuses, the data estimates in fact, accurate picture of events in this
period we will be available only after the results of Census that will be completed
in October 2011. year. In addition to existing assumptions, it is likely that the trend
of depopulation, unfortunately, continue.
The following table shows a rough estimate of the population in the Serbian Banat region by 2020. year.
OKRUZI
Srednjobanatski
Severnobanatski
Južnobanatski
Banat
2010
2015
2020
194.297
154.399
303.976
652.672
187.691
148.964
299.260
635.915
181.086
143.529
294.544
619.159
So, if the current trend continued, the Romanian and Serbian Banat 2020. he lived to a total of 2,020,859
inhabitants. Order in 2010. were supposed to be in the region inhabited by 2,096,372 people, the expected
decline in population in the next ten years is around 76,000.
ŽivoroĎeni
Broj
Srednjobanatski
Žitište
Zrenjanin - grad
Umrli
na 1000
stanovnika
Broj
1649
8,5
3099
140
7,8
322
na 1000
stanovnika
Prirodni
Umrla
priraštaj
odojčad
Broj
na 1000
stanovnika
16,1 -1450
-7,5
17,9
-182
-10,1 -
na 1000
Broj
Lečeni
uz stručnu
pomoć
pre
smrti
stanovnika
6
3,6
-
1142
9,1
1888
15,1
-746
-5,9
4
3,5
Nova Crnja
68
6,3
218
20,2
-150
-13,9
1
Novi Bečej
199
8,1
417
16,9
-218
-8,8
1
17,9
-154
-10,9-
16,7 -1285
-8,4
7
1
Sečanj
ŽivoroĎeni
Brakovi
Zaključeni Razvedeni
1646
2790
862
140
288
64
299
12
1141
1656
631
14,7
68
210
40
5
5
199
397
83
41
98
239
44
11
5,4
1285
2268
655
331
7,5
133
295
78
46
214
371
114
67
100
7
254
1285
8,4
2570
Ada
133
7,5
329
18,4
-196
-11
Kanjiža
214
8,2
430
16,4
-216
-8,2-
Kikinda
550
8,9
976
15,8
-426
-6,9
2
3,6
550
870
271
91
Novi Kneževac
109
9,4
215
18,6
-106
-9,2
2
18,3
109
188
42
33
Senta
206
8,5
398
16,5
-192
-7,9
2
9,7
206
351
113
66
Čoka
73
6
222
18,2
-149
-12,2-
73
193
37
28
2745
9,1
4384
14,6 -1639
-5,4
15
5,5
2734
3753
1286
448
Alibunar
160
7,6
401
19,2
-241
-11,5
2
12,5
158
346
81
17
Bela Crkva
143
7,8
298
16,2
-155
-8,4-
142
252
74
27
Vršac
505
9,6
797
15,2
-292
-5,6
2
4
502
704
232
92
Kovačica
252
9,5
397
15
-145
-5,5
1
4
251
358
120
36
Kovin
282
7,9
527
14,7
-245
-6,8
3
10,6
280
453
133
39
Opovo
101
9,6
170
16,1
-69
-6,5
1
9,9
101
132
42
10
1231
9,9
1617
13
-386
-3,1
5
4,1
1230
1350
568
213
71
6,1
177
15,1
-106
-9,1
1
14,1
70
158
36
14
Severnobanatski
Južnobanatski
Pančevo - grad
Plandište
-
230
-
-
-
The very fact that in 2009. year, according to the above data in Municipal Yearbook 2010, published by the
Republic Institute for Statistics, the number of live births in the said year, or approximately 50% of the
number of deaths, as the fact that the number of divorces nearly 30% of the number of concluded
marriages, only reinforces the claim that the negative trend - depopulation, continue in the future.
Population density
Like most of the Banat and Vojvodina is primarily flat. Map data later in this text shows the appearance
of
terrain
in
the
Banat,
and
surrounding
areas.
As seen from the maps previously provided can see, the only part of Banat, which deviates from the
average is, in the Vojvodina area around Vrsac and almost the entire southern part of Banat in
Rumuniji.Blago a "rolling" part near Arad in Romania. Hence the according to the Banat in Vojvodina "flat",
while the Romanian Banat "hilly".
Once the Banat was very swampy, and when it is drained, he became one of the most fertile land in
Europe. Like neighboring Backa, Banat, in addition to some east, flat, without forests and mines. The
population is engaged in the vast majority of farming, and produce all kinds of grains, especially wheat and
corn. Substantial and the culture of tobacco and sugar beet. Winemaking has been developed in Vrsac and
Bela Crkva. Livestock is also very important, but not to the extent as before, when it was the main
occupation of the population. Trade is significant, especially with wheat and cattle.
The industry has developed nicely in the cities. Significant is the mill, and other industries, as brick,
sugar, beer, stone, leather, wood, textile, ceramic and others. The largest city in the Serbian Banat
Zrenjanin, which is the sixth largest city in Serbia (according to the census of 2002). Apart from
Zrenjanin administrative and cultural center in Banat are Pancevo, Vrsac and Kikinda. Currently the most
developed economies in Vrsac. In Banat and are the richest deposits of oil and natural gas in Serbia.
The altitude is on average up to 140 meters.
Population density is presented as the average number of inhabitants per one
square kilometer. Data on population density, we will give particular the Romanian
and Serbian part of Banat.
In a short period of population growth in the Romanian part of Banat, there was an
increase in population density, where the measure reaches its peak between the list
in 1992. when is 65.9 inhabitants per km2. Depending on the data from 2001. The
population density was 61.1 stanovnik/km2. From gustinme population trends (and it
is clear that the areas in this period did not change) is an obvious negative trend depopulation.
Population density 2002nd the Romanian part of Banat is shown in the following
charts.
Of course, the maps show that the density does not behave in the same
micro-area.
Regardless of the time horizon, population density in this part of the region is below the average for
countries of the region which belongs to (Romania). Especially pronounced trend of depopulation in rural
areas. On average, regions of Timisoara and Arad gusitine lose 10% of population in rural areas.
The following map shows the dynamics of population density.
The following graph shows the rate of population growth, where as the base year is the 1930th
Therefore, the Timisoara region has the lowest negative rate of depopulation, and growing to the level of
stagnation.
Population density in the Serbian Banat stan./km2 65.59, well below the European and the national
average. Is a continuous trend of depopulation, especially in villages.
The following table outlines the basic characteristics of Serbian Banat district.
Površina
Poljoprivredna
površina
Broj
naselja
Stanovništvo
Broj
na km2
Katastarske
opštine
Mesne
Mesne
zajednice kancelarije
Srednjobanatski
3.256
55
193.067
59
60
69
44
Žitište
Zrenjanin - grad
Nova Crnja
Novi Bečej
Sečanj
525
1.327
273
609
523
12
22
6
4
11
18.005
125.391
10.790
24.690
14.191
34
94
40
41
27
12
27
76
44
10
12
37
3
10
11
21
Severnobanatski
2.336
50
153.708
66
37
49
7
Ada
Kanjiža
Kikinda
Novi Kneževac
Senta
Čoka
227
407
782
305
293
321
5
13
10
9
5
8
17.835
26.203
61.790
11.549
24.156
12.175
79
64
79
38
82
38
47
89
10
55
38
77
7
13
-
Južnobanatski
4.282
94
300.874
70
100
103
39
Alibunar
Bela Crkva
Vršac
Kovačica
Kovin
Opovo
Pančevo - grad
Plandište
602
353
800
419
735
203
787
383
10
14
24
8
10
4
10
14
20.931
18.451
52.606
26.447
35.827
10.565
124.362
11.685
35
52
66
63
49
52
158
31
10
20
24
77
10
44
12
13
10
14
29
10
1
16
13
8
22
9
-
8
-
The average population density in the Serbian Banat, the 2009th The amount is based on SORS, 65.59
inhabitants/km2. Thus, the density in the Serbian part of Banat is slightly higher than in the Romanian
part of the approximate value of the Romanian part of Banat from the 1991 census. year.
In 2000. year general data looked like at the next table.
Površina
Poljoprivredna
površina
Broj
naselja
Stanovništvo
Katastarske
opštine
Mesne
Mesne
zajednice kancelarije
Broj
na km2
Srednjobanatski
3.256
86
55
221.353
68
60
70
45
Žitište
Zrenjanin - grad
Nova Crnja
Novi Bečej
Sečanj
525
1.326
273
609
523
90
83
89
87
89
12
22
6
4
11
22.811
136.778
14.538
28.788
18.438
44
103
53
47
35
12
27
7
4
10
12
36
6
6
10
11
22
0
3
9
Severnobanatski
2.329
89
50
179.783
77
37
47
13
Ada
Kanjiža
Kikinda
Novi Kneževac
Senta
Čoka
227
401
782
305
293
321
89
89
89
88
90
90
5
13
10
9
5
8
21.506
30.668
69.743
13.816
28.779
15.271
95
77
89
45
98
48
4
8
10
5
3
7
6
9
13
5
7
7
0
7
0
0
0
6
Južnobanatski
4.245
81
94
328.428
77
100
103
44
Alibunar
Bela Crkva
Vršac
Kovačica
Kovin
Opovo
Pančevo - grad
Plandište
602
353
800
419
730
203
755
383
86
79
80
89
65
81
85
90
10
14
24
8
10
4
10
14
26.535
23.707
58.228
30.469
38.263
11.384
125.261
14.581
44
67
73
73
52
56
165
38
10
20
24
7
10
4
12
13
10
14
29
7
10
4
16
13
0
11
22
0
8
3
0
0
The average population density in 2000. year, based on the above table shows RSO, is just over 74
inhabitants per km2. Depopulation trend is confirmed once again. For 10 years, population density has
fallen by about 12%, which is even higher than in the Romanian part of Banat.
The highest population density in Pancevo, Zrenjanin, as most cities. Appalling fact is that the population
has declined even in mentioned cities, which is logical that the population of surrounding villages
gravitating toward them. In absolutely all of the observed places comes also to depopulation.
Demographic structure
Ager groups
Official figures from the Institute of Statistics of Romania, for 2007. year are given in
the following tables.
Distribution of population by age group shows the following chart.
200.000
180.000
160.000
140.000
120.000
100.000
80.000
60.000
40.000
20.000
+
0
The situation in the Serbian part of Banat is given in the following table and chart below for the table.
Data
for
the
Serbian
Banat
the
census,
in
2002.
year.
Group
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
85+
Value
30.869
36.619
41.279
45.746
46.934
44.718
42.620
46.033
50.497
57.669
52.947
37.553
40.798
41.032
34.061
21.895
9.546
7.458
The data presented in tables, graphics look like the following chart.
Age group
70.000
60.000
50.000
40.000
30.000
20.000
10.000
+
0
Analyzing data on two parts of Banat, we can draw several important conclusions.
Serbian part of Banat has a much older population and higher average age, but part of the Romanian
Banat. The largest population of Romanian Banat age is between 35 and 39 years, while the majority of
the population of the Serbian part of Banat age ranging from 45 to 49 years.
From the aspect of labor is much more favorable situation in Romania.
Observed by regions of the Serbian part of Banat, population by age group appears in the following table.
Grupa
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
85+
SREDNJOBANATSKI SEVERNOBANATSKI JUŽNOBANATSKI
9.102
11.060
12.692
13.644
14.082
13.217
12.900
14.436
14.967
17.402
16.053
11.145
12.878
12.829
10.572
6.689
2.898
1.890
7.314
8.771
9.859
11.006
11.155
10.422
9.937
11.300
12.425
13.506
12.502
9.899
9.942
9.875
8.261
5.388
2.440
1.879
14.453
16.788
18.728
21.096
21.697
21.079
19.783
20.297
23.105
26.761
24.392
16.509
17.978
18.328
15.228
9.818
4.208
3.689
As can be seen from the table, all three of Serbian Banat largest age group is 45-49
years, so that significant differences among the three administrative units there. This
assertion is confirmed by the following chart.
Serbian Banat – Age groups
30.000
25.000
20.000
15.000
10.000
5.000
0
0-4 5-9 10- 15- 20- 25- 30- 35- 40- 45- 50- 55- 60- 65- 70- 75- 80- 85+
14 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 54 59 64 69 74 79 84
SREDNJOBANATSKI
SEVERNOBANATSKI
JUŽNOBANATSKI
Schedule of the population by age group is virtually the exact same as in all
administrative units Serbian Banat.
Gender
Distribution of population by age and sex for the Romanian Banat, based on INS
data is given in the graph.
Analysis of the distribution of population by age and sex reveals that almost symmetrical structure in each
age group. As mentioned above the largest age group is 35-39 years.
Calculating the difference between male and female population, shows an excess of male population
between 0-34 years. The biggest difference is between the ages 20-24 years and stood at 4,062
people.
Above 34 years the situation has changed in favor of women. The largest surplus
female population of 14,528 people located in the interval 70-74 years, which
confirms the theory that women are long-lived.
Another feature of the demographic pyramid is that the population in the interval 034 years constituted 44% of the population.
Caracteristics of demographic pyramide:
- The existence of symmetry in each age group;
- The existence of surplus male population in the range of 0 to 39 years
or the existence of excess female population in the higher age
intervals;
- populations in the range of 0 - 34 years of age makes 44% of
population,
The appearance of the demographic pyramid in Caras-Severin region shows almost
exactly the same characteristics as for the region. In addition to the population aged
0-34 years participating in the general population with more than 43%.
The main characteristics of the region Hunedoara also equal throughout the region,
except that the population aged from 0 - 34 years represents about 42% of the
population. In the Timis region, this age group comprises about 46% of the total
population.
Grupa
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
85+
UKUPNO
SREDNJOBANATSKI
Broj
Muškaraca Žena
Muškaraca
Žena
30.869
15.783
15.086 4.667
4.435
36.619
18.783
17.836 5.592
5.468
41.279
21.225
20.054 6.557
6.135
45.746
23.378
22.368 6.982
6.662
46.934
24.297
22.637 7.312
6.770
44.718
22.915
21.803 6.854
6.363
42.620
21.867
20.753 6.653
6.247
46.033
23.174
22.859 7.286
7.150
50.497
25.590
24.907 7.543
7.424
57.669
29.491
28.178 8.947
8.455
52.947
26.452
26.495 7.912
8.141
37.553
17.827
19.726 5.186
5.959
40.798
18.639
22.159 5.822
7.056
41.032
17.971
23.061 5.584
7.245
34.061
13.996
20.065 4.296
6.276
21.895
7.596
14.299 2.208
4.481
9.546
3.336
6.210 1.026
1.872
7.458
2.899
4.559
684
1.206
SEVERNOBANATSKI
JUŽNOBANATSKI
Muškaraca
Žena
Muškaraca
Žena
3.723
4.470
5.109
5.635
5.849
5.380
5.088
5.710
6.408
6.868
6.320
4.790
4.540
4.334
3.429
1.848
793
685
3.591
4.301
4.750
5.371
5.306
5.042
4.849
5.590
6.017
6.638
6.182
5.109
5.402
5.541
4.832
3.540
1.647
1.194
7393
8721
9559
10761
11136
10681
10126
10178
11639
13676
12220
7851
8277
8053
6271
3540
1517
1530
7060
8067
9169
10335
10561
10398
9657
10119
11466
13085
12172
8658
9701
10275
8957
6278
2691
2159
85+
80-84
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4
40.000
30.000
20.000
10.000
0
Muškaraca
10.000
20.000
30.000
40.000
Žena
The structure of the population there are significant differences as compared to
Romania. Namely, the excess female population arose only from the age of 5054 years age group of 0-34 years makes in Vojvodina and Banat in Serbia, only
42% of the total population. The structures are almost identical in all
administrative units Serbian Banat.
Education
Data on the educational structure of population in Romania do not have, and we are in this section mainly
deal with the educational structure in the Serbian Banat.
According to the methodology applied by the Statistical Office of Serbia, during the
analysis of the educational structure of population data are taken for the population
aged 15 and over.
Distribution of population by education and gender, the Serbian Banat region, based on SORS data (census
2002.) Is given in the table below.
Bez školske spreme
1 - 3 razreda osnovne škole
4 - 7 razreda osnovne škole
Osnovno obrazovanje
Srednje obrazovanje
Više obrazovanje
Visoko obrazovanje
Nepoznato
Ukupno
26.557
13.969
95.526
150.569
240.502
23.811
23.720
4.853
Banat
Muško
Žensko
7.415
19.142
4.515
9.454
36.605
58.921
68.781
81.788
135.005
105.497
11.331
12.480
13.044
10.676
2.732
2.121
That the majority of Serbian Banat population had secondary or primary education,
which means that the structure is relatively unfavorable, according to the following
chart.
4%
4%1% 5%
2%
16%
42%
26%
Bez školske spreme
Osnovno obrazovanje
Visoko obrazovanje
1 - 3 razreda osnovne škole
Srednje obrazovanje
Nepoznato
4 - 7 razreda osnovne škole
Više obrazovanje
In order to compare the population by education and gender, will use an approach known (and previously
used) as a demographic pyramid.
unknown
university
k-12
high school
elementary school
4 – 7 grades
1 - 3 grades
No school
150.000
100.000
50.000
0
male
50.000
female
100.000
150.000
What reduces the disadvantage of the educational structure of the population of this region is the fact
that this is a region in which is primarily represented by agricultural production, most extensive type,
making the educational structure more or less adequate.
Let's look at how it looks at the educational structure of the administrative regions of Serbian Banat.
Bez školske spreme
1 - 3 razreda osnovne škole
4 - 7 razreda osnovne škole
Osnovno obrazovanje
Srednje obrazovanje
Više obrazovanje
Visoko obrazovanje
Nepoznato
Srednjobanatski
Ukupno
Muško
Žensko
8.156
2.082
6.074
4.339
1.297
3.042
27.788
10.196
17.592
43.039
19.394
23.645
76.001
42.821
33.180
7.529
3.751
3.778
7.793
4.208
3.585
957
546
411
Bez školske spreme
1 - 3 razreda osnovne škole
4 - 7 razreda osnovne škole
Osnovno obrazovanje
Srednje obrazovanje
Više obrazovanje
Visoko obrazovanje
Nepoznato
Severnobanatski
Ukupno
Muško
Žensko
4.846
1.493
3.353
3.945
1.347
2.598
26.377
10.225
16.152
38.579
17.892
20.687
55.136
31.074
24.062
5.374
2.524
2.850
5.078
2.770
2.308
602
352
250
Ukupno Muško
Žensko
Bez školske spreme
13.555
3.840
9.715
1 - 3 razreda osnovne škole
5.685
1.871
3.814
4 - 7 razreda osnovne škole
41.361
16.184
25.177
Osnovno obrazovanje
68.951
31.495
37.456
Srednje obrazovanje
109.365
61.110
48.255
10.908
5.056
5.852
Više obrazovanje
10.849
6.066
4.783
Visoko obrazovanje
Nepoznato
3.294
1.834
1.460
Ethnicity
Data on the ethnic composition of the population are given on the basis of census
data for Serbian Banat, and based on estimates performed by the INS for the
Romanian Banat.
Regija Banat in Romania is very ethnically diverse. From SR II period through the creation of communism and
the events of December 1989. year there was a decrease in emigration, primarily of German and Hungarian
ethnic groups. This region is inhabited by 16 of the 18 ethnic groups that exist in Romania. The following chart
shows the distribution of ethnic groups 2002nd year. Data source is the National Institute of Statistics of
Romania.
However, ethnic diversity is slowly receding, at least three reasons:
• growth of the Romanian population;
• a net reduction in the Hungarian ethnic community in Arad and Timis region, German
community and the region Caras-Sevrin and Arad;
• weakening of the growth of the Roma community, particularly in the region of Arad.
Obviously, the largest ethnic groups are Hungarians, which has more than all other ethnic groups
together. For Roma, followed by Germans and Serbs.
In the region of Banat, Serbian ethnic structure is given in the following table and
corresponding chart.
Ethnicity
Srbi
Crnogorci
Jugosloveni
Albanci
Bošnjaci
Bugari
Bunjevci
Vlasi
Goranci
MaĎari
Makedonci
Muslimani
Nemci
Romi
Rumuni
Rusi
Rusini
Slovaci
Slovenci
Ukrajinci
Hrvati
Česi
Ostali
Neizjašnjeni
Regionalna pripadnost
Nepoznato
Srednjobanatski
150.794
630
3.759
104
12
394
25
4
27
27.842
599
144
265
5.682
5.156
87
30
2.495
131
41
1.031
25
342
5.376
1.642
1.819
Severnobanatski
Južnobanatski
72.242
501
3.018
197
13
28
98
0
0
78.551
249
171
120
3.944
363
39
40
306
75
64
632
15
303
3.829
555
528
220.641
1.715
5.687
158
68
837
41
79
38
15.444
7.636
727
508
6.268
21.618
140
50
15.212
414
76
2.140
1.199
776
6.207
845
5.413
Data in the table correspond to the structure from the time of the 2002 Census. , and the data
source is the RSO, or publications "Municipalities of Serbia, 2010.."
Figure shows the distribution of ethnic groups according to their size.
Goranci
65
Vlasi
Bošnjaci
Rusini
83
Bunjevci
Ukrajinci
Rusi
Albanci
Slovenci
Nemci
Muslimani
164
181
93
120
266
459
620
893
.042
1
1.239
.259
1
1.421
Česi
Bugari
Ostali
Crnogorci
Regionalna pripadnost
2.846
3.042
Hrvati
Nepoznato
Makedonci
3.803
7.760
8.484
12.464
15.412
Jugosloveni
Neizjašnjeni
15.894
Romi
Slovaci
Rumuni
MaĎari
Srbi
18.013
27.137
12 .837
443.677
0
50.000 100.000150.000
200.000 250.000 300.000 350.000 400.000 450.000500.000
In addition to the parent, Serbian, the population as an ethnic group constitutes a
majority of the population of the region, the second largest ethnic group, as in the
case of Romanian Banat - Hungarian. The Romanian population is second, and
followed by Slovaks and Roms.
Clear picture of the movement of ethnic groups throughout Vojvodina, and thus in its
part of Banat, we can gain by looking at a set of ethnic maps, we display below.
It is evident that the ethnic diversity in the whole of Vojvodina, the Banat and in its
part of a growing number. This trend can never be advantageous, because in
addition to loss of multiculturalism, and shows that the economic situation in the
region is not good. New residents are therefore not settled, and the existing leaves.
Activity
Since this study, in essence, economic character, it is logical analysis demographic
analysis of the situation to supplement the activities of its working population and
contingent. The indicators used in this type of analysis are very important in terms
of economic competitiveness and to attract foreign investment.
In the Romanian Banat population dynamics since the beginning of the 21st century
looks like the following chart. Note that the graph is given by age and sex structure
of population. The data are from 2008. year, the INS data source, and are
expressed in thousands.
In 2008. were actively working a total of 859,000 people. Compared to the
beginning of the period, and the 2000th year there was a decrease of 112,000
people. The decline is evident for both sexes. In rural podrčjima working
actively 306,000 people, and here there is a decrease compared to 2000. year
to 129,000. people, as a direct consequence of internal migration.
To mention the rural population, the following chart we can monitor the change of the
active population by type of settlement.
Although the apparent decline in the working population in total, urban working
population is relatively stable (in the sense that there are some oscillations around
the average value), while the rural population in the group expressed a declining
trend.
Urban active population in the Romanian Banat region makes 64% of the total
population of the region.
Now turn our attention to the employed population, for which data are provided in the
following
chart.
We
emphasize
that
the
data
in
thousands.
Total employed, in 2008. year, approximately 810,000 inhabitants, which is even
100,000 less than at the beginning of the period. This reduction in the number of employees
direct consequence of the reduction of the total population, as interpreted by the INS.
Men make up 54% of the employed population, while women make up 46%.
In the rural population, in 2008. year, employed 299,000 people. The ratio of
employees in urban and rural areas regioon is 64% in urban and 36% in rural areas.
Reducing the number of employees in the rural contingent of the population is a direct
result of several factors:
- Reducing the number of people who deal with individual agricultural production,
- Rapidly aging population in rural areas, as a consequence Internal migration, or
migration of younger, economically active population from the countryside to the
cities.
The change in the activity rate by sex and total displays the following chart.
Change in employment in the Romanian Banat region is given in the graph.
Change the overall activity rates and employment rates is given in the graph below,
the Romanian Banat region.
No analysis of the population would not be complete without an analysis of rates
unemployment. As the unemployment rate in the analysis of unemployment
Romanian Banat takes the ratio of the unemployed and active population.
The following chart presents the movement of the unemployment rate by
gender and total.
The following chart shows the unemployment trends by type of residence.
Interestingly, the rate of unemployment in rural parts of the region begins to exceed
the value of this rate in urban areas of the Romanian Banat in 2006. year.
The situation with the active, employed and unemployed population in the Serbian
Banat, Vojvodina is shown in the following tables. The source of these data is the
Statistical Office of Serbia, as well as the National Employment Service of the
Republic of Serbia.
The following table provides census data from 2002. years on active population.
Activity, 2002 Census.
Aktivno stanovništvo
Ukupno
Srednjobanatski
208.456
Severnobanatski
165.881
Južnobanatski
313.937
Lica sa
Obavlja
Svega
zanimanje
93.895
ličnim
prihodom
Izdržavano
stanovništvo
Lica na
radu u
69.742
inostranstvu
310
36.638
55.273
209
56.699
113.988
744
72.831
44.509
73.761
59.700
142.506
109.158
Active population in total population in the Banat region represents approximately
45% of all regional units.
Occupation performs approximately 78% of the total population.
0%
35%
45%
20%
Aktivno Sa prihodom Izdržavano Van zemlje
The previous chart shows the structure of the population by activity. actively
population makes up about 45% of the total population, a population with personal
additional 20% income. Dependent population occupies over one-third
population - 35%.
Analysis of the gender composition of employees in 2009. were presented in the
following table.
Employed population by sex, according to data from 2009.
Ukupno
Muškarci
Žene
Srednjobanatski
40.456
23.019
Severnobanatski
34.284
19.713
Južnobanatski
65.738
36.879
17.437
14.571
28.859
43%
57%
Muškarci Žene
Men account for 57% of the employed population, while women in 2009. accounted for 43%
employed population.
According to the type of business entity in which the employee works, the structure looks like in
following table.
Employed population by type of business entity, according to data from 2009
Ukupno
Srednjobanatski
Severnobanatski
Južnobanatski
40.456
34.284
65.738
Privredna
društva
33.415
27.321
47.344
Preduzetnici
6.642
6.964
18.394
na 1000
stanovnika
207
223
218
The employees are mostly employed in companies, while a smaller number of
self-employed, or working in the entrepreneurial sector. Analysis we get a clearer
picture of employment by sectors.
Employment structure, 2009 in %
Srednjobanatski
Privredna društva
Preduzetnici
Poljoprivreda
Ribarstvo
Rudarstvo
PreraĎivačka ind.
Energetika
GraĎevinarstvo
Trgovina
Ugostiteljstvo
Saobraćaj
Finansije
Nekretnine
Državna uprava
Obrazovanje
Zdravstvo
Komunalne usluge
Severnobanatski
83,4%
16,6%
7,2%
0,8%
0,8%
24,6%
2,5%
5,3%
7,6%
0,5%
5,0%
0,9%
1,9%
4,3%
9,4%
9,9%
2,7%
79,7%
20,3%
5,8%
0,2%
1,1%
28,9%
1,9%
2,8%
8,0%
0,6%
4,6%
0,9%
2,0%
3,3%
8,6%
9,6%
1,6%
Južnobanatski
72,0%
28,0%
7,2%
0,1%
0,5%
23,7%
1,8%
2,4%
6,0%
0,5%
4,7%
1,5%
1,1%
3,5%
6,9%
9,2%
2,8%
No need to analyze the sectoral distribution of employment, because it will make in
later sections of this paper, we draw attention to the relatively large differences in
employment structure by type of business entity from district to district. While the
district staff Srednjobanatskom in companies involved in total employment from
83% in the South Banat account for 72%. Severnobanatski between these two
districts with 79.7%.
Pay attention, at the end of this brief demographic analysis of the situation with the
number of unemployed in the region of the 2009th year.
District
Srednjobanatski
Severnobanatski
Južnobanatski
Unemployed
19.773
14.905
32.214
66.892
Female
9.981
7.242
16.432
33.655
Male
9.792
7.663
15.782
33.237
Women in the total number of unemployed participating from region to region,
ranging from 48.6% in North district, to 51.0% in the South Banat district.
Unemployment structure by sex is given in the next chart.
49,69%
50,31%
Female Male