The Way of the World

an NAC English Theatre / Soulpepper Theatre (Toronto) coproduction
Study Guide
THE NATIONAL ARTS CENTRE ENGLISH THEATRE
PROGRAMMES FOR STUDENT AUDIENCES
2007-2008 SEASON
Peter Hinton
Artistic Director, English Theatre
This Study Guide was written and researched by Jane Moore for the National Arts Centre, English
Theatre, April 2008. It may be used solely for educational purposes.
The National Arts Centre English Theatre values the feedback of teachers on the content and format of
its Study Guides. We would appreciate your comments on past Study Guides, on this current one, or
suggestions on ways to improve future Study Guides. Comments may be directed to Martina Kuska
either by email at [email protected] or by fax at (613) 943-1401.
Theatre5 Media Partner
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Source: 'Pall Mall, South Side, Past Buildings: Ozinda's Chocolate House', Survey of
London: volumes 29 and 30: St James Westminster, Part 1 (1960), pp. 384. URL:
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‰AŽ(3”]f’.—››—Œ‰$”Mž3‡.Œ‰A‹Œˆ(3–I‰AŽˆ(”e—I’6‘—‰š+Ž‹›™6—Œ(–G“+š‡.Œ(–.$‘3–I‰$‡N”]3KŽ(‡6šL‰AŽ(K›—6–3‹y3”M–3‹y–I‰A‹›•
…‰e›—6”‰K“Ÿ”]$Œ‰eO˜=š+‹œf—Œ(–IŽ($‘M†3–3œ$››‡6šL‰$‡l†3–(™6—Œ(–G¸‘f¾(ˆŒ‰M—Œ(–G“wš$Œ‰e‹ŒGš+‹‰AŽ1¸‘K¯.Ž(‡‘$Œ†.ˆ‘A˜^£gš+Ž(‡
–3‹y–l’6‹¢(K‰AŽ(Iž3‡.p—Œ.˜1—››v‰AŽ($‹‘eš+‹Œ(3”3™3Ž(K†$‹Œ’I˜@3‡.—Œ1‡6œv‰AŽ(Mš+‹Œ(fž3$››—‘M‰$‡G‰AŽ(I¡‹Œ’8¤@‰]‡lŽ‹y”
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‰AŽ($‘K›—$˜*”(]š$‹Œ’@•K…5Œ(–G“+š$Œ‰e‰$‡GO˜1±.‡.‘–½ ”e‘$‰A‰˜=š$››A•G©ˆ‰eŒ‡N”]‡‡.Œ($‘K—@ª†3–fš+‹‰AŽ1¸Ÿ‘K²3Ž($›y˜N†.ˆ‰
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‹Œ1¡‹Œ’”‰A‘3$‰*ˀ—Kš‡.—3ŒÌ+Ž—6–IŽ($‘f]˜@Kˆ‰K‡.ˆ‰†6˜1—f†‡6˜½ ”œ›‹Œ’6‹Œ’=‡.œv—fœ‹‘$†.‘$—Œ(–I‹Œ‰$‡G‰AŽ(Iž3‡—6ž$Ž•
À‡6š`—œ‰$$‘K—››v‰AŽ‹y”3™.“Ÿž—Œ1”A—$˜N‰AŽ—‰e†3”‹y–.3”‰AŽ@K›—6”ˆ‘I‡.œv‰AŽ(I”‹®’6Ž‰K‡.œv‰AŽ(3”]f’6›‡.‘]‹y‡.ˆ(”‰AŽ.‹Œ’”3™.“
—$˜NŒ(‡6šE”Žˆ‰eO˜*]˜@3”e—3’.—‹Œ(”‰M—Œ.˜*‡.‰AŽ($‘f‡.†.ʏ3ž$‰$”3™.‡.‘Mœ‡.‘M‰AŽ(Kœˆ‰Aˆ‘$K‰A‘‡.ˆ†.›KO˜@”]$›œ¥‰$‡N”]K‰AŽ‹Œ’”
‡.œO”‰]—‰$f—Œ(–G”Ž(]š™6—6”†$‹Œ’=”ˆ‘KŒ($¢($‘M‰$‡N”]3K‰AŽ(K›‹¦f—3’.—‹Œ=‹Œ=‰AŽ.‹y”pš‡.‘]›–(•
http://www.pepys.info/coronation.html
The Way of the World Study Guide – page 10
8
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
England and Scotland joined as United Kingdom
British and Austrians vs. French and Bavarians in War of
Austrian Succession to gain control of India
Chinese take Taiwan
Peter the Great founds St. Petersburg
England and Scotland population reaches 7.5 million
•
King William III of England and Queen Mary
Queen Anne of England (from 1702)
Czar Peter the Great of Russia
Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I Holy Roman Emperor
Joseph I
Isaac Newton
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
200,000 in Tokyo earthquake
Serfdom in Denmark
King William III Prince of Orange
George Farquhar, 29
John Dryden
Emperor Leopold I
Pirate Captain William Kidd, 56
Samuel Pepys, 70
8,000 in Great Storm of London
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Yale University, Connecticut
Buckingham Palace
Billiards in Berlin
Dom Perignon's sparkling champagne in Hauvillers,
France
Horseracing in England encouraged by Queen Anne
"Enlightenment" - French intellectual movement
Jethro Tull's mechanical seed drill
The commode
Copyright laws in England - the first anywhere
Mardi Gras celebrations
Grenades in war and the new soldier – grenadier
•
•
•
•
•
Her Majesty's Theatre, London
William Congreve's The Way of the World
George Farquhar's plays
Kubuki Theatre in Japan
First pantomimes at Drury Lane, London
•
Development of the mandolin, clarinet, slide trumpet, and
the first piano, the pianoforte
Vivaldi is 'in' in Italy, Couperin in France
Johann Sebastian Bach's first cantata
Handel's "St. John Passion" and his opera "Almira"
"For He's a Jolly Good Fellow" popular song in France
(Malbrouk's)
Entertainment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
"The Selling of Joseph," anti-slavery book by Samuel
Sewall
Jonathan Swift's "The Tale of a Tub"
Joseph Addison's "The Campaign," "The Tatler"
Alexander Pope's "Pastorals"
9"" 9 "
•
Beginning of the late baroque period
Men:
•
Suspenders to hold up pants
•
Full-cut pants
•
Cambric/muslin shirts
•
Braiding and ruffles
•
Three-Corner hats
•
Wigs
Women:
•
Rings, especially large gaudy jeweled ones
•
Elaborate petticoats
•
Large earrings
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
First daily newspaper in London (and probably the world):
“The Daily Courant”
Regular advertising first appears in weekly “Boston NewsLetter”
“Moscow Gazette” first published
Daniel Defoe's weekly newspaper "The Review" published
from his prison cell
First evening paper "The Evening Post" in London
Act of Settlement insures no Catholic can become ruler of
England
First Presbyterian Church in America
Beginning of Baptist movement in U.S.
Rise of the Sikhs in India
Catholic priests forbidden to reside in Massachusetts for
more than three months
Mennonite church built in Philadelphia
•
Edmund Halley predicts comet of 1682 will return in 76
years, proving periodic comet orbiting of sun
Sir Isaac Newton proves light is made up of colors
Symbol pi (*185*) introduced to mean ratio of circle's
circumference to diameter
First lithotomy (stone removal from bladder) performed in
America
Ammonium chloride discovered, Royal Observatory, Berlin
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
First use of "ain't" in England
Bless my stars!
To bamboozle someone
To buy something for a song
To play second fiddle to someone
By word of mouth
To ram something down someone's throat
From the cradle to the grave
Much ado about nothing
To see with one's own eyes
Up in arms
Raining cats and dogs
Someone is a snake-in-the-grass.
•
•
•
The Way of the World Study Guide – page 11
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http://www.kipar.org/historical-resources/history_england_etiquette.html
The Way of the World Study Guide – page 12
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Physical Changes
The Restoration brings a strong Italian influence to
English stage practices. With new construction, the
proscenium arch, perspective painting, and /or
backdrop scenery become indispensable elements of
the English stage. Proscenium arch, doors and
balconies, and a much extended apron, are significant
vestiges of the Elizabethan stage.
Companies
•
Acting companies in London establish the
contract system; and theatrical entrepreneurs
emerge
•
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•
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•
Actors are employees
•
Social status higher (though moral character still
in question)
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Actors possess parts
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Playwright: fixed salaries, no royalties
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Kinds of Plays
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contrived plays with themes of love
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Restoration tragedy: adherence to neoclassical
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Comedies of Intrigue: daring exploits of Romance
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High Comedy. Verbal wit. Influenced by
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Fashions and Manners of upper class
Themes of gossip, adultery, sexual
escapades
Upper class preoccupation with reputation
Screen Scenes and Pants Parts (Breeches
Parts)
Stock Type Characters: name sums up the
role (Fop = Character)
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NOTES ON THE PLAY
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2
Prologue
Parnassus: mountain in Greek mythology – home of the
Muses
Act 1, Scene 1
Gamester: gambler
Gay: happy
Stoic: unaffected by pleasure or pain
Cabal: clique seeking power, usually through intrigue
Ratafia: sweet liqueur, flavoured with almond or fruit
kernels
Lampoon: crude written attack on someone’s person or
character
Dropsy: an old term for the swelling of soft tissues due
to the accumulation of excess water. Edema
Affected: unnatural speaking, or behaving in an artificial
way to make an impression
1-2
St. Pancras: former London borough that was merged
into the London borough of Camden
Medlar: small brown bitter fruit – like an apple
Exceptious: disposed or apt to take exceptions, or to
object; captious. [Obs.] [1913 Webster]
Raillery: good-natured teasing or ridicule; banter;
repartee
1-6
Panegyric: elaborate praise – public eulogy
Bum-bailey: bound bailiff
Trulls: prostitutes
1-8
Act 2, Scene 1
Penthesilea: Queen of the amazons in Greek mythology
Amazons: a tribe of large strong women warriors in
Greek mythology
Cuckold: a man whose wife commits adultery
2-5
beau monde: high society; the fashionable elite
2-6
Sententious: given to pedantic moralizing; pithy; using
aphorisms
Act 3, Scene 4
Quarles: Royalist supporter and writer whose poems
were enjoyed by Puritans!
th
Prynne: 17 century English author, Puritan and political
figure
3-5
Drawer: person who draws the wine
Superannuated: too old for use or work
Frippery: pretentious elegance; trivial; of no importance
Incontinently: unrestrained
Long Lane: street in London
Gibbet-thief: person hanged for stealing
Ludgate: prison in London
Blackfriars: theatre
Farthing: smallest coin – ¼ of a penny
Decorum: quiet dignified proper behaviour
A month’s mind: strong desire
Passe-partout: skeleton key or master key that opens
any lock
Olio: A collection of various artistic or literary works or
musical pieces; a miscellany; hodgepodge
Becravated: wearing a cravat
Beperiwigged: wearing a wig
Lingo: characteristic language of a particular group (as
among thieves); "they don't speak our lingo"
Relations: relatives
3-18
Errant: straying from the proper course or standards
Cuckold: a man whose wife commits adultery
Satyr: woodland creature depicted as having the pointed
ears, legs, and short horns of a goat and a fondness for
unrestrained revelry. A licentious man; a lecher.
Act 4, Scene 1
Imprimis: Latin, “in the first place”
Proviso: clause in a document making a qualification,
condition, or restriction
Dormitives: medicines to promote sleep; a soporific; an
opiate
Lubber: a clumsy person, a lout
Camlet: fine dress fabric
The Way of the World Study Guide – page 27
4-8
Nolle prosequi: Latin legal phrase: unwilling to pursue
4-10
Rantipole: rude romping boy or girl; also a gadabout
dissipated woman
Borachio: a drunkard
In vino veritas: Latin phrase suggesting that people are
more likely to say what they really feel under the
influence of alcohol. “There is truth in wine.”
4-11
Tallow-chandler: one whose occupation is to make, or
to sell, tallow candles
Tumbril: two –wheeled cart
Bastinadoed: subjected to repeated blows
Shakebag: comic villain, hired killer
Salopian: geographical name, border of western
England
Act 5, Scene 1
Gorget: ornamental collar
Brideswell: prison
Duke’s-Place: area of London known as a place where
thieves could dispose of their ill-gotten gains
Iniquity: gross immorality or injustice; wickedness; a sin
Odium: intense hatred or dislike, esp. toward a person
or thing regarded as contemptible, despicable, or
repugnant
Cantharides: a medication that causes blisters
5-6
Importunity: begging
Pastoral: (from pastor, Latin for "shepherd") refers to a
literary work dealing with shepherds and rustic life
Moiety: half
Non compos: Latin, not in control
5-8
Pylades and Orestes: as a child Orestes was sent to
Phocis, where he was raised with Pylades, and so
considered him to be like a brother
5-11
Messalina: wife of Roman Emperor Claudius. She
supposedly had an insatiable sexual appetite
5-13
Perfidious: disloyal, treacherous
Epilogue
Scurrilous: expressed in vulgar, coarse, and abusive
language
Coquettes and beaux: girls and boys, flirts and dandies
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2
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The Way of the World Study Guide – page 39
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The Way of the World Study Guide – page 40
+ !
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The Way of the World Study Guide – page 41
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