Watershed Moments - The Watershed Center Grand Traverse Bay

Watershed Moments
December 2010
600 Saplings Planted Along Boardman
The Watershed Center partnered with the Grand
Traverse Conservation District to plant more than 600
saplings along the Boardman River bottomlands near
Lone Pine trail in October. Tree species include White
Pine, Red Maple and Tamarack.
The tree planting is part of our Watershed Forestry
Initiative. This particular planting is generously funded by
the Oleson Foundation. Several volunteers helped.
The Boardman River bottomlands have been
exposed due to water drawdowns in anticipation of dam
removal. The Grand Traverse County and Traverse City
Commissions voted in 2009 to remove the upper three
dams on the Boardman: Sabin, Boardman and Brown
Bridge. This historic decision set in motion the single
largest ecological restoration project ever in the Grand
Traverse Bay watershed and the largest river restoration
project in Michigan. Removing the dams will restore
more than three river miles of native coldwater fisheries
habitat. More than 250 acres of wetlands will be restored,
plus nearly 60 acres of upland habitat.
Data collected by our Watershed Forestry Initiaitve
found that the Boardman River subwatershed lost
2,573 acres of tree cover from 2001 to 2009. This
was the largest gross tree cover decline of any subwatershed within the overall Grand Traverse Bay
watershed. The loss translates to a decline in stormwater management capacity of more than 19 million
cubic feet. Please see related Watershed Forestry
article on pages 4 and 5.
Photos courtesy of Ben Purdy, Grand Traverse Conservation District
These new trees will help prevent erosion, absorb
stormwater runoff, plus filter nutrients and sediments
to improve water quality. They are also an important
start to increasing tree cover in the Boardman River
valley subwatershed.
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Sable Sniffs Up a Storm Drain
Sable the German Shepherd of Environmental Canine
Services visited Traverse City the week of October 4 to
sniff out storm drains. Sable is scent-trained to detect
human waste and detergents in stormwater systems.
Sable barks if he finds the scent.
that might be the cause of high E. Coli readings. Storm
drain samples were taken where Sable responded.
To conduct the scent tracking ECS began at the downstream end of a storm drain system. If there was a hit, or
bark, ECS continued inspecting the storm drain system
up the line using manhole covers as access. ECS continued this until Sable no longer got a hit. This would
determine the approximate area where there might be
a potential problem. For example, Sable began with
the main storm drain at Bryant Park beach then moved
up the manhole covers until he was no longer getting hits;
this was in the vicinity of U.S. 31 and Garfield Ave.
Small areas in a neighborhood north of Bryant Park
and west of East Bay Park
E. Coli is sometimes flushed from city storm drains
during heavy rains; there are two storm drain outlets at
Bryant Park. Sable’s work will help determine if there
are any illicit connections of wastewater pipes to the
stormwater system, or leaks in sanitary sewer systems,
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We will work with Traverse City and the Grand Traverse
County Health Department on these suspect areas:
A few areas along U.S. 31 east of Garfield Avenue
Drain at Sunset Park
Two storm drains west of West End Beach
A few areas along Mitchell Creek~along Airport Road,
behind Traverse City State Park
This project was funded by a generous grant from
the Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa
Indians to the Grand Traverse County Health Department.
Photos: The Bryant Park storm drain overflows during a rain; photo by
John Nelson. The Environmental Canine Services team and City staff
prepare to inspect storm drains; photos by Maureen McManus.
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Adopt-A-Stream Fall Results
Our Adopt-A-Stream Teams collected aquatic insects
to determine stream health. Here are preliminary results!
Stream Name~Results~Stream Team
Acme Creek~Fair-Poor~Grand Traverse Resort and Spa
Baker Creek~Good-Fair~Wildlife and Wetland Solutions
Battle Creek~Fair~Sherry McNamara and Mensa Friends
Beitner Creek~Good~TC West Senior High, sponsored by
Joe & Christy Quandt
Bingham Creek~Good-Fair~Walton Family
Photo © www.kenscottphotography.com
Bissell/Williamsburg Creek~Good-Fair~White Family
Thank You to Our Program Sponsors!
Bonnie Brook~Poor~Alden Super Scuds
Carpenter Creek~Poor~Boardman Fly Tiers, sponsored by
Great Lakes Environmental Center
Cedar Creek (Antrim County)~Poor-Fair~Antrim Conservation District
Cedar/Hines Creek~Poor~Youngflesh Family, sponsored by
Joan Bonney’s The Color of Water
Jack’s Creek~Fair-Poor~Webelos Pack 26, sponsored by
David and Paula Kelley
Jackson Creek~Good~Woodland School
Kids Creek Upper~Good-Fair~Rotary Water Committee
Kids Creek Lower~Poor-Fair~Vicky Arlt and Family, sponsored by
Dr. Katherine Roth
Miller Creek~Good~Blue Water Transportation
Mitchell Creek~Fair~Grand Traverse Regional Land Conservancy
and Traverse Bay Area Intermediate School District
Murray Creek~Fair~Antrim Conservation District
Northport Creek~Good~Steve Wetherbee’s 6th and 7th grades,
sponsored by Village of Northport
Parker Creek~Good~Unitarian Universalist Church
Rapid River Team 2~Fair~Fields Family
Rapid River Team 3~Good-Poor~Lawicki Family
Spencer Creek~Fair-Poor~Alden Super Scuds
Twenty-Two Creek~Good-Fair~Boardman Fly Tiers, sponsored by
Great Lakes Environmental Center
Weaver Creek~Fair~Middleton Family
Wilkinson Creek~Good-Fair~Caylor and Williams Families
Yuba Creek~Poor~Virginia Tegel, sponsored by Grand Traverse
Organic Landscapes
Results not available as of press time for Barker Creek (Barker Creek
Nursery), Brewery Creek (Melvin Family, sponsored by Orion), Lee
Creek (Cherie Spaulding), Rapid River Team 1 (Howard Family),
Water Wheel Park Creek (Cherie Spaulding), Weaver Creek East
(Fox-Eldredge Family)
Joe and Christy
Quandt
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Grand Traverse Bay Watershed Loses
4,000 Acres of Tree Cover 2001-2009
by Ellen Kohler, Attorney and Policy Specialist
2010 Tree Cover Study
Last summer we launched our Watershed Forestry
Initiative. Our first project involved developing information
about tree cover throughout the watershed. We worked
with consultants to digitize tree canopy cover information.
We then partnered with the Northwest Michigan Council
of Governments to run the data through CITYgreen
modeling software for the Grand Traverse Bay watershed as a whole and for its nine subwatersheds. The
computer model measures tree canopy and quantifies
changes over time; quantifies the ecological benefits of
trees; and calculates a dollar value for the services those
trees provide based on the costs of built infrastructure.
CITYgreen calculates the volume of runoff that would
need to be contained if all trees were removed. In this
region, stormwater managers use 2.25 inches of rain as
the amount for a 24-hour storm event that happens on
average every two years. Also, for this study, orchards
were categorized as a cropland land use.
CITYgreen Results
The results of the CITYgreen analysis indicated a
decline in total tree cover between 2001 and 2009 of
4,126 acres, a 1.3 percent decrease. This means that
the entire watershed lost the capacity of those trees to
help manage more than 30 million cubic feet of stormwater during a 2.25-inch storm event. That’s the same
amount as 11,000 averaged-sized swimming pools.
4
increase in the next several years as a result of trees
regenerating in timber management areas. However,
any loss that is the result of land use conversion would
represent a negative trend for water quality protection.
The largest percentage of tree cover decline occurred
in the Yuba Creek subwatershed, at 7.2 percent. This
subwatershed does not include state forest lands, so it is
likely that this decline is the result of land use conversion.
This trend is not favorable for water quality protection.
The smallest percentage decline occurred in the Old
Mission subwatershed, at 0.2 percent. This subwatershed experienced an increase in the ability of land cover
to manage stormwater, as shown by the negative number
in the loss of stormwater storage capacity in the chart.
While Old Mission lost nine acres of tree cover, it gained
26 acres of cropland cover, resulting in more vegetated
land cover. Between 2001 and 2009, the local government that encompasses the majority of the subwatershed,
Peninsula Township, continued implementing its farmland
preservation program. While CITYgreen results cannot
be directly linked to the farmland preservation program,
it is likely that the program is one of the reasons that
vegetated land uses in the subwatershed increased.
that cities east of the Mississippi River set a tree cover
goal of 40 percent and that suburban areas set a goal
of 50 percent. While our watershed as a whole is very
close to meeting the 50 percent goal, several subwatersheds are not. One followup to this study will be to
engage local governments and other stakeholders in
a conversation about setting tree cover goals and
identifying tools to reach those goals.
The CITYgreen analysis provides a landscape-scale
picture of our tree cover for the entire watershed and its
nine subwatersheds. American Forests recommends
2010 CITYGreen Forestry Analysis
for Grand Traverse Bay Watershed
2001 Tree
Cover
(acres)
2009 Tree
Cover
(acres)
Loss of
Tree
Cover
(acres)
2001 Gross
Stormwater
Storage
(cubic feet)
2009 Gross
Stormwater
Storage
(cubic feet)
Loss of
Stormwater
Storage
(cubic feet)
Conclusion
State forests and commercial timber lands provide
an important element to our economic base. All our
trees and forests help define our Up North sense of
place and rural character. However, we don’t often
consider the importance of non-commercial forests
and trees in our watershed. Our CITYgreen analysis
of the Grand Traverse Bay watershed and its nine
subwatersheds helps us better understand all the
services trees provide for our freshwater community.
Trees are important to water quality because they
help slow rainfall, filter sediments and absorb nutrients
during storm events. Trees and natural vegetation are
integral elements of effective stormwater management
and also increase ecosystem resiliency. If climate change
results in higher peaks of runoff from larger storm events,
as some studies predict, effectively managing stormwater
will become even more important to protecting our Up
North water quality~and quality of life.
Stormwater ordinances administered by county drain
commissioners in the region are designed by statute to
address volume and not water quality. Therefore, the
loss of tree cover means that more stormwater is reaching our surface waters without sufficient nutrient and
sediment infiltration or absorption to clean the water.
Grand Traverse Bay
watershed~overall
Acme subwatershed
306,071
301,945
4,126
1,679,987,361
1,649,883,686
30,103,675
5,672
5,650
23
30,385,878
30,224,391
161,487
Boardman subwatershed
99,691
97,118
2,573
511,306,357
492,835,875
18,470,482
Subwatersheds
East Shore subwatershed
8,772
8,606
167
47,080,777
45,813,075
1,267,702
The largest gross tree canopy cover decline by subwatershed occurred in the Boardman River subwatershed, where canopy cover decreased by 2,573 acres,
or 2.6 percent. The loss translates to a decline in stormwater management capacity of more than 19 million
cubic feet. The results could simply document state
timber management practices taking place because
there is a fair amount of state forest lands in the Boardman River subwatershed. If so, then tree cover should
Elk River~Chain of Lakes
subwatershed
Mitchell Creek subwatershed
162,152
161,070
1,082
950,028,510
941,101,189
8,927,321
2,859
2,791
67
12,814,875
12,665,532
149,343
Old Mission subwatershed
5,567
5,558
10
28,151,001
28,153,191
-2,190
Photo by Barbara Overdier, miperspectives.com
Ptobego subwatershed
2,187
2,172
15
11,237,803
11,182,985
54,818
West Shore subwatershed
17,528
17,449
79
90,582,175
90,306,511
275,664
Yuba subwatershed
1,641
1,531
110
7,388,413
6,796,219
592,194
This primary phase of the Watershed Forestry
Initiative was funded by the Michigan Department
of Natural Resources and Environment Urban and
Community Forestry Program and the USFS State
and Private Forestry Program. Additional funding
is provided by the Edmund F. and Virginia B. Ball
Foundation, Herbert H. and Grace A. Dow Foundation, Oleson Foundation, Herrington-Fitch Family
Foundation and William E. Slaughter, Jr. Foundation.
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THANK YOU GENEROUS DONORS!
November 1, 2009~November 12, 2010
Your support is invaluable~please inform us of any inaccuracies.
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or American Express number:
Signature
Expiration date
Thank you!
W
Donald and Janice Fleming
Fountain Point Resort
Grand Traverse Area Sport Fishing Assoc.
Grand Traverse Conservation District
Grand Traverse County Health Dept.
Grand Traverse Regional Land Conservancy
Grand Traverse Resort and Spa
John and Kelly Hall
William and E. Kirtland Heald
Ron and Laura Jolly
Donald and Barbara King
George and Cheryl Knight
Lawton Gallagher Group
Mark and Lori E. Leugers
Paul and Jeanne Lewer
Lowell P. and Sue Ann Loweke
Ray and Nancy Ludwa
Kathleen T. Magliochetti
Jenny Manville and Anne Hansen
James and Sharon McDermott
Del and Sally Michel
Eva Nelson
Nielsen Design Group~In-kind
Northern Express~In-kind
Oryana Natural Foods Market
If You Love the Bay, Please Give Today~gtbay.org
Gary and Kristi Osga
Patricia Petty and Keith Knapp
Pamela Prairie and William Premo
Mary Pratt
Professional Lake Management
Jon Richardson
Ann Rogers
Patricia Saad and Andrew Muth
Paula Sagala
Mark Smith~In-kind
Steinorth Fine Homes
David and Sara Taft
Ronald and Mary Tonneberger
Edward and Karen Walker
Bob and Marsha Walton
Waterkeeper Alliance
Kennard and Judith Weaver
Robert and Janet West
Steve Wetherbee and Charlene Bickel
Wildlife and Wetland Solutions
gtbay.org
7
The Watershed Center advocates for clean water in Grand Traverse Bay and acts to protect and preserve the Bay’s watershed.
NONPROFIT
ORGANIZATION
U.S. POSTAGE
PAID
TRAVERSE CITY, MI
PERMIT #96
13272 S. West Bay Shore Drive
Traverse City, MI 49684
T 231.935.1514 ~ F 231.935.3829
www.gtbay.org
Andy Knott ~ Executive Director
Sarah U’Ren ~ Program Director
John Nelson ~ GRAND TRAVERSE BAYKEEPER®
Denise Baker ~ Advancement Director
Ellen Kohler ~ Policy Specialist
Maureen McManus ~ Program Associate
Deb Marois ~ Bookkeeper
This Nonpoint Source Pollution Control project has been funded
wholly through the Michigan Nonpoint Source Program by the
United States Environmental Protection Agency under assistance
agreement 2007-0155 to the Watershed Center Grand Traverse Bay
for the Strategic Approach to Stormwater Pollution Reduction project.
The contents of the document do not necessarily reflect the views and
policies of the EPA, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial
products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
Thank You to Our Generous Donors!
Wetlands~$500-$999
Anonymous
Steve and Kathryn Bandstra Foundation
Blue Water Transportation
Gordy and Sue Brown
David and Linda Burkey
Consumers Energy Foundation
Copy Central~in-kind
Richard and Susan Erwin
FIM Group
Harvey S. Firestone Jr. Foundation
Lee and Candy Gardner
Grand Traverse Organic Landscapes
Agnes Hayden
Brett Howard
Brian and Jennifer Jaffe
Marilyn and Donald Jaquish
Cal Karr and Jayne Mohr
Richard and Nana Kennedy
Richard and Marla Lavanture
Peter and Anne Magoun
Troy and Sarah Naperala
Network of Lake Associations
Northwestern Bank
Right Brain Brewery~In-kind
Eugene and Faith Schoon
Heather Shaw~In-kind
Robert and Kay Stehouwer
Martin and Karen Sturm
Traverse Area Association of Realtors
Phil and Barbara von Voigtlander
Bays~$1,000-$4,999
Antrim County
Alfred and Joan Bonney
Norton Bretz
Fleda Brown and Jerry Beasley
CH2M HILL OMI
Michael and Rhea Dow
Grand Traverse Regional Comm. Foundation
Herrington-Fitch Family Foundation
Andy Knott and Denise Baker
Paul and Carol Laporte
Michigan State University
Joe and Christy Quandt
Marvin and Luella Rorick
Dr. Katherine Roth
Ken Scott~In-kind
Serra Family Foundation
Siebenthaler Foundation
William E. Slaughter Jr. Foundation
SOS Analytical
Richard and Nancy Thompson
Torch Lake Protection Alliance
Traverse City Business News~In-kind
US Geological Survey
Village of Northport
Lake Michigan~$5,000-$24,999
Anonymous
Robert Carstens
Grand Traverse County
David and Paula Kelley
If You Love the Bay, Please Give Today~gtbay.org
Land Information Access Association
Leelanau Conservancy
Oleson Foundation
Siren Hall
Great Lakes~$25,000+
Edmund F. and Virginia B. Ball Foundation
Herbert H. and Grace A. Dow Foundation
Michigan DNRE
Rotary Charities of Traverse City
In Memory of John Kraft
George and Merry Ball
Jo Bartlett
Terry and Rayma Berden
William Bolin
Centerpointe Unlimited
John Dingeman
Daniel and Denine Dingeman
Dingeman, Dancer & Christopherson
Sonny and Shirley Helber
Milo Karhu
Sandra Kraft
Northwestern Bank
Helen Poehlman
Gerald Retzlaff
William and Mary Jo Schaars
Robert Shamek
Lawrence Vincler
Alice and Robert Wangbichler
John Zimmerman