f - Earthquake Engineering Research Institute

f - Earthquake Engineering Research Institute

SEISMICALLY RESILIENT STEEL FRAMES
with
CONTROLLED ROCKING and REPLACABLE FUSES
Gregory Deierlein, Helmut Krawinkler, Sarah Billington, Xiang Ma Stanford
Jerome F. Hajjar, Northeastern Univ.; Matthew Eatherton, Virginia Tech
Toru Takeuchi, Kazuhiko Kasai, Shoichi Kishiki, Ryota Matsui, Masaru
Oobayashi, Yosuke Yamamoto, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Mitsumasa Midorikawa ,Tetsuhiro Asari, Ryohei Yamazaki,
Hokkaido University
Tsuyoshi Hikino, Hyogo Earthquake Engineering Research Center, NIED
David Mar, Tipping – Mar & Assoc. ; Greg Luth, GPLA
JISF
Costly Permanent Damage:
Structure and architecture
absorb energy through
permanent damage
Large Inter-story Drifts:
Result in architectural and
structural damage
High Accelerations:
Result in content damage
and loss of function
Code Seismic Design: Protect Life Safety
Shortcomings of Current Approach
Controlled rocking systems
single frame
dual frames
Develop a new structural building system that employs self-centering
rocking action and replaceable fuses to provide safe and cost effective
building performance under earthquakes by minimizing structural
3
damage and risk of building closure
Self-Centering Hysteretic Behavior
c
Overturning
Moment
M
b
My
Mupi a
Mup
f
o
F
A
2
c
ed
d
e
A ab
F0
2 f
Combined System
Uplift
o-a: frame strain, decrease of contact
pressure under one column
a: frame lift-off, elongation of PT
b: fuse yield (+)
c: load reversal
d: zero force in fuse
e: fuse yield (-)
f: frame contact
f-o: frame relaxation
A
2
A
Vp
2
V
c
b
a
d
e Uplift
Fuse
A
V
r
Post-Tensioning
2 f
Uplift
Characteristic overturning moments
𝑀𝑦 = (𝐹0 + 𝑉𝑝 )𝐴/2
Yield moment
Initial uplift moment
𝑀𝑢𝑝𝑖 = 𝐹0 𝐴/2
Uplift moment
𝑀𝑢𝑝 = (𝐹0 + 𝑉𝑟 )𝐴/2
Design strength requirement
System stiffness
Self-centering ratio
 M y  M ot,u
K  ( K PT  KV ) A2 4
F |V |
SC  0  r
Vp Vp
4
Research Scope

System Design Development
- parametric design studies
Stanford
- shear panel fuse design and testing
- building simulation studies

Subassembly Frame/Fuse Tests
- quasi-static cyclic loading
- PT rocking frame details & response
NEES - Illinois
- fuse/frame interaction
- model calibration

Shake Table System Tests
- proof-of-concept
- large scale validation
E-Defense
Energy Dissipating Steel Fuse Tests
Butterfly Links: Load-deformation
Force V / VP
2
3
VP = 63 kN (test B09-56)
2
Force V / VP
3
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-40
VP = 83 kN (test B02-14)
1
0
-1
-2
-20
0
20
40
Shear deformation  =  / L (%)
b/t = 9
-3
-40
-20
0
20
40
Shear deformation  =  / L (%)
b/t = 2
E-Defense Shake Table Test (August 2009)

Large-Scale Validation
- fuse/rocking frame interaction
- rocking base details
- post tensioning
- replaceable fuses

Proof-of-Concept
- design concept & criteria
- constructability

Performance Assessment
- nonlinear computer simulation
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