Imaging

dynamic range
vector
ODS
harmonics
BUZZWORDS IN ULTRASOUND
TI/MI
pulse
inversion
FFT
autocorrelation
contrast
What’s going on in here?
-flow
1 0 0 1 1
Imaging
1 1 0 1 -1 -1
X
Pulse
Coding
Doppler
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 -1
1 1
*
=
Coded Pulse
1 -1
1 -1
Matched
Filter
1 -1
*
=
Matched
Filter
1
1 1
1 -1
1 1
1 1
1 -1
1 -1
1 1
*
1 -1
*
=
=
Matched
Filter
1 1
1 -1
1 1
1 -1
Matched
Filter
1 1
1 1
*
1 -1
1 -1
*
=
=
Matched
Filter
1 1
1 1
Matched
Filter
1 -1
1 1
1 -1
1 1
*
1 -1
1 -1
*
=
Matched
Filter
=
Matched
Filter
2
1 1 -1 1
1 1 -1 1
*
=
Coded Pulse
Matched
Filter
+
=
Golay code pair
Fundamental
frequency echoes
eliminated
Harmonics
Bandpass Filter
Second harmonic
echo bandwidth
f
fo
2fo
f0 2f0 3f0
Helen Routh, Ph.D.
Philips Ultrasound
Conventional
Tissue
Transducer
Fundamental
energy
Acoustic
field
Transmitted signal
Harmonic
energy
Tissue
Receive filters
Helen Routh, Ph.D.
Philips Ultrasound
Transducer
Transducer
Tissue
After
processing
Helen Routh, Ph.D.
Philips Ultrasound
3
Reverberations
here...
Transducer
Tissue
Acoustic
field
Transmitted signal
Receive filters
Transducer
Transducer
After
processing
Rib
Acoustic
field
Rib
Transmitted signal
Tissue
Receive filters
Transducer
Harmonic
Rib
...appear as
clutter here
After
processing
Rib
Transducer
Receive filters
Transducer
Rib
Acoustic
field
Rib
Transmitted signal
Helen Routh, Ph.D.
Philips Ultrasound
Rib
Shallow fat layers
Distorted sound beam
Acoustic
field
Transmitted signal
Shallow fat layers
...disappear
After
processing
Receive filters
Transducer
Reverberations
here...
Transducer
Helen Routh, Ph.D.
Philips Ultrasound
Haze and clutter
After
processing
Rib
Transducer
Helen Routh, Ph.D.
Philips Ultrasound
Helen Routh, Ph.D.
Philips Ultrasound
Shallow fat layers
Distorted sound beam
Acoustic
field
Transmitted signal
Receive filters
Transducer
Shallow fat layers
Clean image
After
processing
Helen Routh, Ph.D.
Philips Ultrasound
4
5
5
4
3
Frame #1
Extended Field Imaging
2
1
5
4
3
2
1
Frame #2
3D
3D DISPLAY
• surface rendering
• multiplanar
lti l
rendering
d i
• volume rendering
A. uniform
B. maximum
6
3D DISPLAY
maximum
• surface rendering
• multiplanar
lti l
rendering
d i
• volume rendering
uniform
A. uniform
B. maximum
Modern Technology
• coding
• harmonic
• panoramic
• compound
• 3D
Siemens
Philips
Medison
PORTABILITY
PRICE
QUALITY
SonoSite
1999
General Electric
$179.00
$?????
SonoSite
2002
Mobilesonic VUE100
Terason
1999
7