Hmong version - College Readiness Consortium

Hmong version - College Readiness Consortium

Niam/Txiv txoj Kev Taw mus Kawm
Ntawv Qib Siab thiab Npaj Kom Txhij
Rau Txoj Kev Mus Ua Hauj lwm
TXOJ KEV TAW KOJ LOS TXHAWB KOJ TUS
MENYUAM TXOJ NPAU SUAV
Koom Siab Npaj Kom Txhij Rau Txoj Kev Mus Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
THO KEV mus NRHIAV QHOV TSHIAB
Tsim los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab University of Minnesota Koom Siab Npaj Kom Txhij
1
Rau Txoj Kev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab
PIB QHIA TXOG
Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tam sim no, daim ntawv pom thawj uas kawm ntawv qib siab tiav hlo
yuav yog ib yam uas cov hauj lwm uas yuav uas kav mus ib sis thiab them nyiaj kom txaus noj
txaus haus thiab kom muaj qhov nce ib qib zuj zus mas lawv xav kom tau ntawm pov thawj ntawv.
Kev kawm ntawv qib siab nrog rau cov kawm plaub-xyoo xws li lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab
University of Minnesota, nrog rau cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv hauv zej zog (community) thiab cov
tuam kev kawm (technical) uas cov tub/ntxhais kawm yuav muaj tsab peev xwm kawm kom tau
lawv daim npav kawm ob-xyoos (associate degree) los yog tau daim npav kawm rau ib faim uas
yuav npaj lawv mus ua hauj lwm rau faim ntawv. Niam thiab txiv, pog thiab yawg/niam tais/yawm
txiv thiab lwm cov neeg laus uas muaj kev txhawb thiab hlub mas muaj feem loj heev rau ib tug
menyuam twg txoj kev kawm ntawv. Txoj kev taw nov yuav pab koj txhawb txog koj tus menyuam
txoj kev yuav npaj mus kawm ntawv qiv siab thaum nyuam qhuav pib kawm preschool tag nrho
thaum kawm tiav high school. Qhov no yog hais tau los ntawm txoj kev tshawb siv los tsim kho
ntawm Ramp-Up to Readiness™, yog ib txoj kev pab thoob plaws ntawm lub tuam tsev kawm
ntawv los tsim kho kom muaj cov menyuam ntau dua thiab muaj cov menyuam uas yog lwm haiv
neeg ntau dua uas tau kawm tiav hlo high school kom lawv paub, muaj txuj ci, thiab muaj cov keeb
uas kom kawm ntawv qib siab mus tau zoo. Ramp-Up to Readiness™ cov tuam tsev kawm ntawv
npaj cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv qib siab rau tsib nqe hauv qab no:
Npaj txhij rau Txoj Kev Kawm (Academic Readiness): Kom kawm tau zoo rau xyoo ib cov
hoob kawm tag nrho kawm tau qhab nia ntawm tsev kawm technical college, community
college los yog tsev kawm plaub-xyoos
Npaj txhij kom Nkag Tau (Admissions Readiness): Kom npaj txhua yam kom txhij uas cov
tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab thiaj li tso cai nkag mus kawm tau
Npaj txhij rau Txoj Kev Ua Hauj Lwm (Career Readiness): Npaj kom paub tau hais txog
cov hauj lwm twg thiaj li phim yus tus yam ntxwv, nyiaj txiag, thiab lwm cov hom phiaj thiab
kom muaj kev nkag siab txog cov txuj ci, meej mom (crendentials), thiab cov hauj lwm ua
yav tag los uas cov hauj lwm tshiab no xav pom mas thiaj li yuav ua cov hauj lwm ntawv
mus tau zoo
Npaj txhij txog Nyiaj Txiag (Financial Readiness): Npaj txhij kom them tau cov nqi kawm
ntawv thawj semester ntawm lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab yam siv cov nyiaj hauv
qhov chaw khaws nyiaj cia (savings), nyiav nqiv, thiab cov nyiaj pab (financial aid)
Npaj txhij rau Yus Tus Kheej thiab Kev Sib Raug Zoo nrog Lwm Tus (Personal and Social
Readiness): Npaj txoj kev uas tsim lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev kawm, tsim thiab tswj kom
mus txog lub hom phiaj, thiab ntaus phooj ywg nrog rau cov neeg zoo sib xws thiab cov
neeg laus uas muaj kev txhawb kom kawm ntawv tau mus zoo
Cov tswv yim nyob rau daim ntawv taw kev no muaj ntau txoj kev los
pab cov tsev neeg yuav pab tau cov tub/ntxhais kawm kom lawv npaj txhij
rau tsib yam ntawv. Yog xav paub tshaj no ntxiv txog vim li cas kev kawm ntawv
qib siab yog ib yam tseem ceeb, mus saib ntawm www.collegeready.org (Qhov uas Yuav Npaj
Txhij Rau Kev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab) los yog www.rampuptoreadiness.org.
‘Npaj Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab’ Txij thaum yog
Menyuam Yaus Txog Thaum High School
Txhawb kev nyeem ntawv: Nyeem ntawv pab kom paub siv cov lus thiab
yog ib yam siv lub hlwb rau txhua txoj kev kawm.
4 Nrog koj tus menyuam tham, pib thaum nws tseem mos ab.
4 Taw tes rau cov lus ntawm cov paib rau cov menyuam uas pib kawm
preschool.
4 Siv li 20 feeb los nyeem ntawv rau koj tus menyuam, los yog kom koj
tus menyuam nyeem ntawv rau koj mloog.
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Cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv uas loj zog yuav tsum nyeem
ntawv rau lawv tus kheej txhua hnub, tiam sis feem ntau tseem
xav mloog cov laus nyeem ntawv rau lawv mloog.
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Mus rau cov tuam tsev library pub dawb rau pej xeem mus
nrhiav ntawv thiab cov ntawv (magazines) los yog mus nyeem
ntawv xov xwm.
Nco ntsoov hais tias, kev txawj ntse tsis yog txhim kho tau ib zaug xwb:
Mob siab thiab rau siab thaum muaj qee yam nyuaj yog cov cwj pwm zoo
ntawm tus tub/ntxhais uas kawm tau zoo.
4 Qhia koj tus menyuam hais tias, “Txawj ntse tsis yog koj, txawj ntse
yog qhov koj siv zog kawm kom tau.”
4 Qhuas koj tus menyuam txoj kev siv zog ua, tsis yog qhuas thaum nws
ua tau zoo xwb; hais tej yam zoo li no: “Kuv nyiam thaum koj siv zog
ua cov lej ntawm ko txawm hais tias nws nyuaj heev.”
Pab koj tus menyuam tsim cov hom phiaj: Tsim cov hom phiaj yog ib txoj
kev zoo ua, thiab yog ua tau raws li cov hom phiaj yog ib txoj kev taw kom
muaj siab.
4 Pab koj tus tub/ntxhais tsim/ua kom tau cov hom phiaj SMART txog
tus cwj pwm, tswj cov sij hawm los kev kawm ntawv:
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Specific (meej meej)
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Measurable (luj tau)
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Attainable (ua tau)
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Relevant (muaj feem xyuam)
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Timely (ncav sij hawm)
Tsim lub sij hawm los ua homework txhua hmo:
4 Muaj TV, xov tooj ntawm tes thiab lwm yam uas yuav los cuam tshuam
tua.
4 Pab koj tus menyuam soj nws cov homework kom paub meej hais tias
nws ua tag nrho yog lawm.
1
Muaj kev sib tiv tauj nrog lub tsev kawm ntawv:
4 Mus koom thaum muaj xib fwb/niam txiv kev sib tham thiab siv lub
tsev kawm ntawv txoj kev khiav dej num kom paub meej txog koj tus
menyuam txoj kev kawm tau zoo li cas thiab tau qhab nia zoo li cas.
4 Yog hais tias koj muaj lus nug, mus cuag koj tus menyuam tus xib fwb
qhia ntawv.
4 Pab hais kom koj tus menyuam siv ib phau ntawv ceev ntaub ntawv
(planner) los yog (binder) thiab los saib txhua hmo kom paub tau hais
cov uas yuav tau ua tom ntej yog dab tsi.
4 Nug cov xib fwb los cov counselors pem tsev kawm ntawv saib cov
hoob uas koj tus menyuam kawm puas yuav npaj nws mus kawm ntawv
qib siab, thiab saib nws cov qhab nia thaum mus xeem ntawv puas
qhia tau hais tias nws yeej npaj txhij mus kawm ntawv qib siab lawm.
Pab txhawb kom muaj tus menyuam mus nrhiav kev pab: Xyaum kom paub
hais tias thaum twg thiab yuav nrhiav kev pab li cas yog ib txoj txuj ci tseem
ceeb rau txoj kev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab rau txoj kev ua neej. Yog ib qho
zoo uas mus nrhiav kev pab thaum ntxov ua ntej qhov teeb meem ntawv loj
tshaj.
4 Yog hais tias koj xav hais tias koj tus menyuam xav tau kev pab tshaj,
koj los yog koj tus menyuam kuj nug tus xib fwb los yog tus counselor
txog kev pab qhia ntawv los yog lwm cov kev pab uas muaj nyob rau
tom tsev kawm ntawv.
Pib tseg nyiaj rau kev kawm ntawv qib siab: Muaj ntau txoj hau kev es ua
tau kom them taus txoj kev kawm ntawv qib siab. Txawm hais tias tseg nyiaj
me me xwb los yeej sib ntxiv tau ntau yog hais tias tseg tas li ntev ntev mus.
4 Mus saib tsim ib qho rau ntawm Minnesota College Savings Plan thiab
lwm cov tswv yim tseg nyiaj ntawm mnsaves.org.
4 Khij daim qauv FAFSA (Free Application for Federal Student Aid)
kom khwv yees saib koj tus menyuam yuav tau kev pab los ntawm
financial aid ntau npaum li cas. Koj mus nrhiav tau ib daim qauv ntawm
studentaid.ed.gov/fafsa/estimate los yog
4www.ohe.state.mn.us/Estimator/firstQuestions.cfm.
4 Tus lej cim Social Security yuav tsis tas muaj yog es thiaj li mus tau
ntawv qib siab, tiam sis yuav tsum muaj yog hais tias xav tau kev pab
financial aid los ntawm tsoom fwv.
Yog hais tias tsis tau muaj leej twg nyob
hauv koj tsev neeg tau mus kawm ntawv
qib siab dua li, firstinthefamily.org
tej zaum yuav muaj kev pab.
2
‘Npaj mus Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Rau Cov
Menyuam Kawm Ntu Nrub Nrab (middle school)
(Qib 6 txog qib 8)
Pab hais koj tus menyuam kom rau siab kawm ntawv thiab xaiv cov hoob
kawm nyuaj zog: Cov hoob uas qhia rau cov menyuam kawm ntu nrub nrab
(middle school) yog cov hoob uas tseem ceeb heev yuav npaj lawv mus kawm
rau high school.
Mus saib ntau hom hauj lwm uas koj nyiam:
4 Nug koj tus menyuam hais txog cov yeeb yam uas nws nyiam, thiab mus
saib cov hauj lwm uas muaj feem xyuam nrog rau qhov nws nyiam.
4 Nrhiav txoj hau kev kom koj tus menyuam muaj kev npau suav mus kawm
ntawv qib siab. Piv txwv, saib tus menyuam xav yog ib tus neeg tshaj lij
txog faim ncaws/ntaus pob los yog ib tus neeg txiav ris tsho, qhia rau nws
hais tias cov hauj lwm ntawv mas yuav tsum muaj kev kawm ntawv qib siab.
4 Mus saib kids.usa.gov/teens-home/index.html los yog nasa.gov/
audience/forstudents/5-8/index.html muaj cov websites uas in qho lom
zem rau koj mus saib ntau faim hauj lwm.
4 Cov khoom sib txuas lus nrog, iseek.org/careers/realitytool.html, yuav
pab koj tus menyuam paub ntsuas txog kev uas nws lub neej nrog rau kev
kawm ntawv qib siab thiab saib yuav xaiv faim hauj lwm twg.
Tsim cov keeb kom kawm tau ntawv zoo: Tsim cov kev txawj ua ib qho zuj zus
(organizational), xyaum kom paub nrhiav kev pab los ntawv cov neeg ua hauj
lwm tom tsev kawm ntawv thiab tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo yog cov txuj ci
zoo los pib thaum tseem kawm ntu nrub nrab (middle school).
4 Kuaj koj tus menyuam phau binder los yog phau planner txhua hmo.
4 Pab koj tus menyuam tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg zoo xws li nws
uas muaj txoj kev txawj txiav txim siab zoo thiab tsim cov keeb saib
ntawv zoo.
4 Pab koj tus menyuam xyaum luj nws tus kheej (xws li educationplanner.org/
students/self-assessments/learning-styles.shtml) kom los qhia tau saib
nws txoj kev saib ntawv thiab kawm ntawv tau zoo tshaj yog qhov twg.
Koom nrog rau lwm cov yeeb yam: Cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab xaib cov
tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv uas txawj txhua yam uas yog hom mus ua hauj lwm pub
dawb los yog koom tes nrog rau lub tuam tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov yeeb yam
hauv zej zog. Cov yeeb yam yog ib txoj kev zoo mus paub lwm cov tub/ntxhais
kawm ntawv los yog kom swm lwub tsev kawm ntawv tshiab.
4 Mus cuv koj tus menyuam lub npe rau cov yeeb yam pem tsev
kawm ntawv los yog hauv zej zog.
3
Mus kawm txog cov nqi kawm tawv qib siab thiab cov nyiaj financial aid:
Ua kom yus paub me ntsis txog cov nqi kawm ntawv qib siab thiab cov kev
uas yuav los them cov nqi ntawv, nrog rau cov nyiaj pub (grants), qiv thiab cov
nyiaj pab hu ua scholarships.
4 Mus saib qhov “them” (“Paying”) ntawm www.getready.state.mn.us.
4 Mus saib cov videos thiab kom paub tshaj no ntxiv ntawm
mnprivatecolleges.org/paying.
4 Muab kom tau qhov khwv yees saib koj tus menyuam yuav tau
financial aid ntau npaum li cas yam siv cov khoom npaj ntawm
studentaid.ed.gov/fafsa/estimate los yog www.ohe.state.mn.us/
Estimator/firstQuestions.cfm.
Mus xeem tus xeev hu ua Explore thaum nyob qib 8: Tus xeem hu ua
Explore yog ib tug xeem zoo los xyaum rau tus xeem ACT thaum mus cuv
npe kawm ntawv qib siab uas cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau
mus xeem thaum lawv nyob qib 11. Nws yuav qhia saib koj tus tub/ntxhais
puas npaj txhij mus kawm tau ntawv qib siab dhau li ntawm txoj kev qhia saib
cov hauj lwm twg thiaj li phim koj tus menyuam.
4 Rov soj saib xeem tau li cas nrog koj tus menyuam thiab nws tus xib
fwb los yog tus counselor.
Cuv npe rau qib 9: Feem ntau mas cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv pib cuv npe
mus kawm high school thaum lawv tseem nyob qib 8.
4 Yuav tsum saib kom koj tus menyuam cuv npe mus kawm cov hoob
uas yuav ua kom koj tus menyuam npaj tau mus kawm ntawv qib siab.
Feem ntau ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab xav kom muaj xws li:
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4 xyoos kawm lej
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4 xyoo kawm ntawv Askiv
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3 xyoos kawm science (nrog rau biology thiab chemistry)
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2-3 xyoos kawm lwm hom lus
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4 xyoos kawm social studies
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1 xyoos kawm kos duab (art) ( nrog rau yas suab)
Txawm hais tias cov hoob no kuj yuav tsis tas kawm thiaj li mus tau
rau cov tsev kawm 2 xyoo hauv community los yog technical cov tsev
kawm ntawv qib siab, cov hoob no yeej yog ib txoj kev npaj zoo rau
txhua tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv qib siab.
4 Pab hais kom koj tus menyuam kawm hoob lej, hoob science thiab
hoob technology vim hais tias cov hauj lwm mus rau yav pem suab
yuav yog nyob rau cov faim no.
4
‘Npaj mus Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Rau Cov Menyuam
Kawm Nyob Rau High School
Qib
9:
Tsim ib lub sij hawm los ua homework txhua
hmo: Muab TV tua, Muav xov tooj ntawm duav
tua thiab rhuav tshem txhua yam uas muaj kev
cuam tshuam.
Suav cov qhab nia lawm: Feem ntau ntawm cov
tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv xav hais tias lawv cov
qhab nia nyob rau qib 9 yuav tsis siv coj los ntau
nqi rau thaum mus cuv npe nkag mus kawv ntawv qib siab. Tsis yog hais tias suav
cov qhab nia xwb, kawm tau cov hoob ntawv mus tau zoo yob ib qho uas yuav
npaj koj mus kawm cov hoob uas nyuab tshaj thaum mus kawm high school.
4 Yog hais tias koj lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj kev mus saib koj cov qhab nia
hauv computer, mus kuaj koj cov kev kawm tau zoo li cas tas mus li.
4 Yog hais tias koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv kawm tsis tshua tau ntawv
zoo pes tsawg, mus cuag tus xib fwb los yog tus counselor mus nrhiav
lwm txoj kev pab ntxiv. Tsis txhob tos rau thaum lub semester twb yuav
los xaus.
Koom nrog rau lwm cov yeeb yam: Cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab xaiv cov tub/
ntxhais kawm ntawv uas txawj txhua yam uas yog hom mus ua hauj lwm pub dawb,
muaj hauj lwm thiab/los yog koom nrog cov yeeb yam pem tsev kawm ntawv.
4 Pab kom koj tus menyuam muaj kev koom nrog cov yeeb yam pem tsev
kawm ntawv los yog hauv zej zog.
4 Saib txoj kev ua home work kom tseem ceeb yam pab tsim txoj kev txawj
tswj cov sij hawm.
Cuv npe mus kawm qib 10 cov hoob kawm ntawv: Kev cuv npe mas kuj pib
ntxov li thaum lub 1 hlis.
4 Kav tsij soj txoj kev cuv npe kom zoo kom koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm cov
hoob kawm ntawv uas yuav npaj nws mus kawm ntawv qib siab.
Mus Siv Cav Laij Cov Nyiaj Financial Aid: Qhov nov yuav khwv yees kom meej
tshaj saib koj tsev neeg yuav tau them nqi kawm ntawv qib siab npaum li cas.
4 Mus xyuas FAFSA4caster ntawm studentaid.ed.gov/fafsa/estimate kom
khws yees tau hais saib cov nqi kawm ntawv qib siab yuav raug li cas thiab
mus nrhiav cov kev pab npaj.
4 Pab hais kom koj tus menyuam mus saib cov nyiaj pub dawb (grant)
thiab scholarship hauv computer thiab ntawm lawv tus
counselor.
5
Qib
10:
Mus xeem ob tug xeem hu ua PLAN thiab/
los yog PSAT: Siv cov xeem no los xyaum
npaj mus xeem tus ACT thiab tus SAT, thiab
saib seb koj tus menyuam kawm tau ntawv
zoo li cas txog ntawm kev npaj mus kawm
ntawv qib siab.
Mus saib seb nyiam faim hauj lwm twg:
Kav tsij nrog koj tus menyuam tham txog cov
yeeb yam uas nws nyiam thiab sab laj txog cov hauj lwm nyob rau faim nws
nyiam ntawv. Yog muaj lub hom phiaj yuav pab tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv
txoj kev rau siab thiab pom txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog lub tsev kawm ntawv.
4 Koj tus menyuam yuav nrhiav tau cov faim hauj lwm uas haum qhov
uas nws nyiam yam muab cov yeeb yam uas nws nyiam sau cia. Ib lub
website uas yuav muaj kev pab tau yog actstudent.org/career/.
4 Cov counselor pem tsev kawm ntawv kuj sab laj txog faim degree dab
tsis thiaj li tau cov hauj lwm twg.
Yuav tsum los sab laj txog ntau hom kev kawm ntawv qib siab thaum tseem
nyob high school (postsecondary): Muaj ntau kom kev kawm ntawv qib siab
thaum tseem kawm high school (postsecondary), muaj xws li cov tuam tsev
kawm ntawv qib siab ob xyoos thiab plaub xyoos, thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv
technical uas feem ntau kawm luv dua ob xyoos ces tiav lawm. Yog hais hias
npaj tau zoo, cov qhab nia tau txais los ntawm lub tuam tsev kawm ntawv
qib siab ob xyoos yeej xa mus nkag tau rau cov tuam tsev kawm ntawv plaub
xyoos. Nyob rau tej faim kev kawm, yog ib qho zoo mas cia li mus kawm cov
tuam tsev kawm ntawv qib siab plaub xyoos vim hais tias muaj ntau hoob uas
kawm ib hoob tag ib hoob tuaj. Piv txwv, tus tub/ntxhais uas tuaj ntawm cov
tuam ntsev kawm ntawv qib siab ob xyoos yuav tsum peb xyoos tshaj ntxiv
mas thiaj li kawm tag nws daim degree raum faim engineering.
4 Sab laj nrog koj tus menyuam saib hom tsev kawm ntawv qib siab twg
thiaj li haum nws hom hauj lwm los yog hauv cov kev kawm uas nws
nyiam.
4 Muaj lwm yam xws li: muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab muaj lwm cov tub/
ntxhais kawm ntawv ntau npaum li cas, lub nroog loj npaum li cas/
nyob rau qhov twg, thiab feem coob cov qhab nia GPA rau cov tub/
ntxhais tuaj kawm thawj xyoo yog siab npaum li cas.
Cuv npe mus kawm qib 11 cov hoob kawm ntawv: Koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm
ntawv yuav tsum xaiv cov hoob kawm uas muaj qhab nia rau tsev kawm
ntawv qib siab, xws li Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate,
College in the Schools, Project Lead the Way, los yog PSEO.
4 Mus saib kom paub tshaj ntawm readysetgo.state.mn.us/RSG/Parent/
index.html.
6
Mus xeem tus xeem ACT los yog SAT: Feem
ntau ntawm cov tuam tsev kawm ntawv qib siab
vam thiab cia siab kom cov tub/ntxhais kawm
ntawv uas tuaj cuv npe yuav tsum mus xeem
tus xeem ACT los yog SAT thaum lub sij hawm
nplooj hlav (spring). Cov sij hawm teem mus
xeem thaum lub plaub hlis thiab lub rau hli mas
yog sij hawm zoo vim hais tias cov tub/ntxhais
kawm ntawv twb kawm lawv cov hoob kawm rau qib 11 tag los yog tag ntau lawm.
Qib
11:
4 Mus saib se blub tuam tsev kawm ntawv qib siab uas koj tus menyuam
xav mus kawm txais tus xeem twg (piv txwv, txhua lub tuam tsev kawm
ntawv qib siab hauv lub xeev Minnesota txais tus xeem ACT).
4 Mus cuv npe rau koj tus menyuam li ntawm ib lub hlis ua ntej. Xav paub
txog cov sij hawm thiab cuv npe, mus saib actstudent.org thiab sat.
collegeboard.org/home.
4 Hais kom koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv mus koom cov hoob uas npaj
mus xeem tus xeem ACT los yog SAT uas muaj qhia nyob tim tsev kawm
ntawv los yog cov kev pab hauv zej zog.
Mus koom cov koom txoos qhia txog tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab mus
saib cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab: Mus saib cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv
qib siab thiab mus nrog cov neeg ua hauj lwm txais tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv
tshiab yogi b qho zoo kom koj paub saib lub tuam tsev no puas yuav haub koj
tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv.
4 Yog xav paub saib yuav muaj dab tsi los pab rau koj txoj kev txiav txim,
mus xyuas qhov “Xaiv Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab” (“Choosing a
College”) ntawm getreadyforcollege.org.
4 Saib seb lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab muaj (faim kawm twg) (majors)
uas haum koj tus menyuam qhov uas nws nyiam thiab saib lub tsev kawm
ntawv qib siab loj npaum li cas, nyob rau qhov twg thiab kim npaum li cas.
4 Teem sij hawm mus thaum muaj kev qhia thiab coj mus ncig saib tsev
kawm ntawv qib siab nrog rau Cov Neeg Txais Tub/Ntxhais Kawm Ntawv
Tshiab (Office of Admissions).
4 Muaj ob lub websites los pab koj saib thiab xaiv cov tsev kawm ntawv
qib siab yog: bigfuture.collegeboard.org/college-search thiab
actstudent.org/college/choosing.html
Kav tsij npaj nyiaj txiag los them nqi kawm ntawv qib siab: Khij daim qauv
FAFSA (financial aid) kom khwv yees saib koj tus menyuam yuav tau kev pab
los ntawm financial aid ntau npaum li cas.
4 Mus saib cov kev pab txog nyiaj txiag thiab daim qauv FAFSA ntawm
studentaid.ed.gov/fafsa/estimate los yog getreadyforcollege.org/
Estimator/firstQuestions.cfm.
4 Nrog koj tus menyuam mus sib tham nrog tus counselor tim tsev kawm
ntawv thiab mus tshawb cov nyiaj pub dawb (scholoarships) hauv
computer.
Yog hais tias koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv npaj siab koom kis las ntawm
lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab: Mus cuag tus xib fwb qhia kis las tim tsev
kawm ntawv mus nug txog cov kev pab thiab nyiaj pub dawb
(scholarships).
7
Cuv npe kawm cov hoob kom tsim nyog rau xyoo kaum ob: Askiv (English), social studies, lej (math)
thiab science yog cov hoob uas tseem ceeb kawm txuas mus rau qib 12. Cov tsev kawm ntawv qib
siab plaub xyoos yeej xav kom kawm cov hoob no thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv zej zog
(community) thiab technical feem ntau mas yuav xav tau tus xeem lej (math) and tus xeem kev nyeem/
sau ntawv (language art) saib tsim nyog nyob qib twg. Yog hais tias tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv hla ib
xyoos ntawm kev qhia lawm, tej zaum lawv yuav xeem tsis tau zoo thaum mus xeem saib nyob qib twg
thiab yuav tau mus kawm cov hoob kom npaj nws mus kawm qib siab tiam sis tsis tau qhab nia rau tsev
kawm ntawv qib siab tiam sis raug them nqi kawm ntawv.
Yog hais tias nws tsis nyog ua tau, cuv npe rau koj tus menyuam kawm tsawg kawg ma tsib hoob
uas muaj tau qhab nia rau tsev kawm ntawm qib siab xws li Advanced Placement, International
Baccalaureate, College in the Schools, Project Lead the Way, los yog PSEO. Feem ntau ntawm cov
tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav ntseeg lawv tus kheej thiab npaj txhij tom qab lawv tau kawm cov hoob
uas yog kawm qib siab cov thaum lawv tseem nyob high school. Yog xav paub tshaj no ntxiv mus saib
readysetgo.state.mn.us/RSG/Parent/index.html.
KEV MUS SAIB TSEV KAWM NTAWV QIB SIAB
[qhov no yog ib qho ntxiv/ntawm ib sab thaum ntu nrub nrab ntawm qib 11 thiab 12]
Mus saib tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau mus ua mus kawm
ntawv qib siab. Lub sij hawm ntuj sov (summer) tom qab kawm tiav qib 11 yog luj sij hawm zoo mus saib.
Mloog cov lus teb los yog nug cov lus hauv qab no:
8
• Lub tuam tsev kawm ntawv qib siab no puas muaj koj tus menyuam faim (major) uas nws npaj
siab yuav kawm?
• Puas muaj qhov chaw rau cov neeg nyiam kawm mus rau ib faim los nyob rau ib chav thiab kawm
cov hoob kawm ntawv ua ke?
• Puas muaj cov hoob kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb tsaj?
• Muaj hom kev pab txhawb rau kev kawm ntawv zoo li cas?
• Cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv siv sij hawm ntau npaum li cas los ua lawv cov home work ntawm ib
lub lim tiam twg?
• Yuav xav kom sau ntawv heev npaum li cas? Yuav xav kom nyeem ntawv heev npaum li cas?
• Cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv puas yuav tau txais kev qhia txog lawv txoj kev kawm tau zoo los
tsis zoo kom sai thiab?
• Cov kev sab laj thiab cov hauj lwm kom ua ntawv puas siv txhua haiv neeg txoj kev xam pom?
• Cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv feem ntau puas hauj lwm/home work ua ke?
• Muaj cov yeeb yam dab tsi rau cov tub ntxhais/kawm ntawv ua dhau li ntawm cov yeeb yam
hauv chav kawm ntawv?
• Thaum twg thiab yuav pib li cas hais txog cov Cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv txoj kev sib txuas lus
nrog rau lwm cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv uas nyiam lwm txoj kev sib tham, kev ua nom ua tswv,
los kab lim kev cai los yog lwm haiv neeg thiab nqaij tawv txawv?
• Muaj pes tsawg tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv mus kawm txawv teb chaws?
• Muaj pes tsawg feem pua ntawm cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv mus ua hauj lwm pub dawb rau
zej zog (community service)?
• Muaj pes tsawg tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv tuaj nyob kiag rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv?
• Puas yuav mus cuag tau cov xib fwb thiab lawv puas yog hom xib fwb uas muaj kev txhawb nqa
cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv?
• Cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv paus yuav muaj peev xwm ua cov hauj lwm tshawb fawb nrog rau
cov xib fwb qhia ntawv?
• Puas muaj ib txoj kev pab los sib txuas lus nrog rau cov niam cov txiv?
Txwv ‘txoj kev daig thaum nyob qib 12’: Cov
tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab los soj cov hoob
kawm thaum nyob qib 12 thaum lawv txiav
txim yuav txais mus kawm ntawv ntawv qib
siab ntawm lawv lub tsev kawm ntawv. Txuas
ntxiv, cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv nyob qib 12
uas hla hoob lej (math) yuav xiam cov txuj ci
ntawv thiab tej zaum yuav raug mus kawm cov
hoob uas npaj mus kawm ntawv qib siab xwb tiam sis tsis tau qhab nia.
Qib
12:
Zaum kawg rau txoj kev mus xeem tus xeem ACT thiab SAT:
4 Yog hais tias koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv tsis tau xeem tus xeem
ACT los yog SAT thaum nyob qib 11, mus cuv npe mus xeem rau thaum
lub 10 hli tsawg kawg mas cuv npe li ib lub hlis ua ntej.
4 Yog hais tias koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv xeem thaum nyob qib 11
tab sis xeem tsis tau qhab nia siab npaum li nws xav tau, xav seb puas
yuav rov qab mus xeem dua.
Saib kom paub meej hais txog cov sij hawm kawg uas yuav tsum mus cuv
npe: Feem ntau ntawm cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab plaub xyoos mas
kev cuv npe los kawg rau thaum lub 12 hlis, hos lwm cov tsev kawm ntawv qhib
txog lub ib hlis, ob hlis los yog txog thaum lub rau hli. Tej lub tuam tsev qhia
ntawv qib siab hauv zej zog (community) yeej txais kev cuv npe txog thaum
lawv pib kawm kiag, tab sis lwm cov muaj kev kawg rau thaum lub sij hawm
nplooj hlav (spring) los yog thaum ntuj sov (summer).
Xa daim ntawv mus cuv npe: Feem ntau mas cov ntawv cuv npe mas xa hauv
computer xwb. Tej co tuam ntsev qhia ntawv qib siab siv “Daim Ntawv Cuv
Npe Ua Txhua Tus Siv” uas ua tib zaug xa mus rau ntau lub tuam tsev qhia
ntawv. Tej lub tuam tsev kawm qib siab kuj tso qhov nqi cuv npe rau cov tsev
neeg uas khwv tau nyiaj tsawg.
4 Mus cuv npe tsawg kawg mas xa mus rau peb lub tuam tsev kawm
ntawv qib siab:
n
Sib piv kom haum tsev kawm ntawv: Ib lub mas cov qhab nia
GPA thiab ACT/SAT rau cov tub/ntxhais tuaj kawm thawj zoo
sib xws li koj tus menyuam li
n
Lub tsev kawm ntawv uas siv saib nkag puas tau: lub uas cov
qhab nia GPA thiab cov qhab nia xeem ib nyuag siab zog
n
Lub tsev kawm ntawv uas nkag yooj yim: lub uas cov qhab nia
ib nyuag qis dua
4 Yog hais daim ntawv cuv npe xa tau cov ntawv uas lwm tus muaj kev
pom zoo, hais kom koj tus tub/ntxhais mus thov neeg sau tsab ntawv
pom zoo li peb lub lim tiam ua ntej hnub kawg, thiab xav kom thov rau
thaum lub sij hawm nplooj zeeg (fall). Lawv thov tau cov counselors,
xib fwb, tus thawj pem hauj lwm, cov neeg qhia ua kis las los yog cov
thawj tswj cov yeeb yam ua hauj lwm dawb.
4 Yog hais tias lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab xav kom koj tus tub/
ntxhais kawm ntawv sau ib tsab ntawv (essay), yuav tsum hais kom
nws coj mus rau nws tus xib fwb los yog tus counselor saib ua ntej.
Yog tsis lawv saib tsis tau, koj yuav tsum saib ua ntej thiab pab qhia
tswv yim rau nws. Hais kom koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv soj
ntsuam tsab ntawv (essay) kom meej ua ntej muaj xa mus.
4 Saib daim ntawv cuv npe kom muaj txhua daim ntawv lawv xav tau ua
ntej muab xa mus.
9
Mus khij daim ntawv thov nyiaj financial kom tiav hlo (FAFSA):
4 Nyob rau thaum lub ib hlis, mus khij daim ntawv thov financial aid uas
yog daim tseem ntawm fafsa.ed.gov . Koj yuav tsum tau koj daim ntawv
ua se uas ua nyuam qhuav ua no thiab koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv
cov ntaub ntawv ceev nyiaj tseg kom nyob ze.
4 Mus koom cov kev sab laj (workshops) txog nyiaj txiag financial aid
uas lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv muaj qhia. Ntawm rooj sab laj xws li
“Minnesota College Goal”, minnesotacollegegoal.org , koj yuav tau txais
kev pab los khij daim ntawv FAFSA.
Txiav txim saib yuav mus qhov twg: Thaum lub plaub hlis ces feem coob
ntawm cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab yeej txiav txim siab yuav txais los tsis
txais tag lawm thiab xa cov ntawv qhia txog cov nyiaj financial aid.
4 Muab cov tsev kawm ntawv los sib piv hais txog cov nqi uas koj tus tub/
ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav tau los them tom qab cov nyiaj pub dawb
(grants) los yog cov scholarships uas muaj los ntawm lub tsev qhia ntawv
qib siab los muab rho tawm ntawm qhov nqi kawm ntawv tag nrho.
Xa ntawv mus thov tsev nyob: Mus khij daim ntawv thov tsev nyob, uas hnub
kawg mas ntxov npaum li thaum lub peb hlis hnub tim 1 xwb.
4 Xav saib puas nyob nrog thiab kawm nrog cov tub/ntxhais uas nyob tib
xaab thiab kawm cov hoob muaj ntsis sib xwb.
Soj txoj kev muaj npe kawm ntawv kom meej: Ua raws nraim li daim ntawv uas
lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv uas koj tus tub/ntxhais xaiv xa tuaj txais.
4 Feem ntau mas qhov nqi lees kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau xa mus rau lub
tsev kawm ntawv thaum lub sij hawm nplooj hlav (spring). Yog hais tias
them tsis taus qho nqi ntawv, thov lub tsev kawm ntawv saib lawv puas
kom muab qhov nqi ntawv tshem tawm.
4 Koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm yuav tsum qhia nws tus counselor pem tsev
kawm ntawv txog lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab uas nws npaj siab mus
kawm, thiab kom muab cov qhab nia thiab cov xeem mus kawm ntawv
qib siab xa mus rau qhov chaw ntawv.
4 Mus saib seb cov nqi kawm ntawv thiab nqi tsev yuav tau los them rau
thaum twg. Tej cov tsev qhia ntawv qib siab koj tso ca imam ua hli them,
tab sis tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau mu snug txog qhov ntawv.
4 Hais kom koj tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav tsum nyeem thiab teb
txhua daim ntawv uas lub tsev qhia ntawv qib siab xa tuaj.
10
Yog hais tias koj tus menyuam npaj siab koom kev kis las pem tsev qhia
ntawv qib siab:
4 Mus cuag koj tus kws qhia kis las pev high school nug txog cov kev
pab thiab cov scholarships.
4 Mus cuv npe ntawm NCAA Eligibility Center, ncaa.org.
Npaj rau cov nuj nqi yuav mus kawm ntawv qib siab:
4 Pab koj tus menyuam npaj nyiaj rau kev mus kawm ntawv qib siab.
4 Soj ntsuam xyuas saib yuav siv npaum li cas los yuav zaub mov, ntawv
thiab xaum, thiab siv rau kev lom zem.
4 Feem ntau mas cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav tsum rau ib daim
npav tshum nyiaj. Saib kom meej txoj lub tuam txhab tso nyiaj uas koj
thiab koj tus menyuam siv muaj ib lub ATM cav rho nyiaj ze tim tsev
kawm ntawv.
4 Lub checking account yog ib txoj kev yooj yim los yuav ntawv thiab
lwm yam kev siv nyiaj. Feem ntau ntawm cov tsev kawm qib siab tsub
nqi rau tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv tus account, ces mam sau check
mus them, siv daim npav tshum nyiaj los yog them hauv lub tuam
txhab tso nyiaj yam siv computer.
Thaum mus txog tim tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab ntsaig khoom mus tiv:
Yuav qhia rau cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv hais tias lawv ntsaig khoom mus
tiv yog mus rau hnub twg, thiab tej zaum lub sij hawm twg thiab.
Tuaj yam siv dav hlau: Cooj dav hlau kom ntxov es thiaj li pheej yig zog.
4 Tsheb ciav hlau los yog tsheb npav: Nug saib koj tus menyuam tau
khoom ntau npaum li cas.
4 Tsheb: Cov chaw nyob yuav muaj kev qhia kom meej txog txoj kev
thau khoom thiab los nyob kiag.
4 Cov Lus Siv Txhais Li Cas.
11
GLOSSARY
ACT: Yog ib tus xeem uas siv los ntawm ntau lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab
uas yog ib txoj kev lawv coj los xaiv saib puas yuav txais tuaj kawm ntawv. Txhua lub
tuam tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv lub xeev Minnesota yeej yuav txais tus xeem
ACT. Tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv mas feem ntau xeem tus xeem no thaum lub sij
hawm ntuj no (winter) los thaum nplooj zeeg (spring) thaum lawv kawm qib 11.
Advanced Placement (AP): AP cov hoob kawm ntawv yog qhia los ntawm cov high
schools by high school cov xib fwb uas yeej kawm los qhia cov hoob uas yog kawm
qib siab lawm. Cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv xeem ib tus xeem tom kawm hoob no
yuab tiav thiab ntau lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab yuav muab qhab nia los nyob
ntawm saib xeem tau qhab nia zoo li cas.
Community Colleges: Cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab uas qhib rau txhua tus
mus kawm uas muaj daim associate degrees ob xyoos. Cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv
qib siab uas npaj siab mus kawm ntxiv ntawm tsev qhia ntawv qib siab plaub yuav
tsum mus nug txog kev xa cov qhab nia tawm mus.
College in the Schools (CIS): Ib txoj kev pab uas muaj cov xib fwb tshwj xeeb uas
kawm tawm los qhiav cov hoob qib siab rau ntawm high school. Cov tub/ntxhais
kawm ntawv uas kawm tiav cov hoob CIS yuav tau txais qhab nia los ntawm tuam
kev qhia ntawv qib siab thiab cov qhab nia yuav muab ceev tseg rau cov ntaub
ntawv.
EXPLORE: Yog ib tus xeem uas muaj rau thaum kawm qib 8 los yog qib 9 uas zoo
nkaus li tus xeem ACT. Txoj kev xeem ntawv yuav qhia tau txog tus tub/ntxhais
kawm txoj kev txawj ntse, txuj ci thiab yam uas nws nyiam, thiab soj ntsuam saib
tus menyuam puas taug txoj kauj ruam thwj los npaj rau txoj kev mus kawm ntawv
qib siab.
Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA): Daim ntawv cuv npe uas txhua
lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab yuav tsum kom muaj hais txog kev qiv nyiaj thiab
thov nyiaj pub dawb. Daim ntawv no yuav tsum tau niam/txiv thiab tus tub/ntxhais
kawm tawv cov nyiaj txiag thiab cov khoom vaj khoom tsev, thiab yuav tsum thov
tuaj txhua lub xyoo uas tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv tseem kawv ntawv qib siab.
Qhov no pab soj ntsuam xyuas saib tsev neeg yuav tau them ntau npaum li cas.
Financial Aid: Cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab yuav soj ntsuam cov nyiaj
financial aid raws li qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsev neeg yuav tau them thiab cov nqi
mus kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab twg. Financial aid mas muaj ntau
hom, nrog rau:
Pell grants: Cov nyiaj uas pab los ntawm tsoom fwv uas tsis tau them rov qab,
muaj kev pab rau cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv uas txom nyem tshaj.
n Lub xeev los yog tsev kawm ntawv qib siab cov nyiaj pub dawb (grants):
Cov nyiaj uas tsis tau them rov qab.
n Tsis tas them nqi kawm ntawv: Lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab kuj tshem ib
cov nqi los yog tshem tag nrho cov nqi kawm ntawv vim tus tub/ntxhais kawm
ntawv cov txuj ci los yog kev txom nyem.
n Ua hauj lwm thaum saib ntawv: Cov hauj lwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv uas tau
txais kev pab nyiaj txiag los ntawm financial aid.
n Nyiaj qiv: Cov nyiaj uas yuav tsum tau them rov qab, feem ntau mas muaj pab
thiab.
n Cov Scholarships: Cov nyiaj uas tsis tau them rov qab. Cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv
qib siab thiab ntau lub koos haum uas pub scholoarships vim ntau yam heev.
n
12
International Baccalaureate (IB): IB yog cov hoob uas qhia tim lub high school
uas yog cov xib fwb uas yeej kawm tawm cov hoob tshwj xeeb rau tsev kawm
ntawv qib siab. Cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav muaj xeem thaum kawm hoob
ntawv tag thaib ntau lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab yuav muab qhab nia rau
cob tub ntxhais kawm ntawv raws li lawv txoj kev xeem tau zoo npaum li cas.
PLAN: Yog ib tus xeem muaj thaum nyob qib 10 uas zoo xws li tus xeem ACT
thiab pab npaj lawv mus xeem tus ACT. Kev xeem yuav qhia tau txog tus
menyuam txoj kev txawj ntse, cov txuj ci thiab yam uas nws nyiam, thiab pab soj
saib tus menyuam puas taug cov kauj ruam yog los npaj rau txoj kev mus kawm
ntawv qib siab.
Post-Secondary Enrollment Options (PSEO): Nyob rau lub xeev Minnesota,
cov nyob qib 11 thiab 12 (thiab tej cov uas nyob qib 10) kuj mus kawm tau ib
hoob los yog tshaj tim cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab uas qhib rau txhua tus
(public) yam tsis tas them nqi kawm ntawv thiab tseem tau txais qhab nia rau
kev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab. Cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab xyuas saib
puas tsim nyog kawm nyob ntawm saib kawm tau thib dab tsi thiab cov qhab nias
ntawv cov xeem, yog li no cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav tsum mus nrog cov
counselor tim tsev kawm ntawv tham kom paub txog cov kev xaiv uas lawv muaj.
Project Lead the Way (PLTW): Project Lead the Way yog cov hoob uas qhia los
ntawm cov xib fwb qhia high school thiab coj mus siv tes qhia ua kiag, cov hoob
uas qhia txog engineer uas nyuaj thiab.
PSAT: Yog ib tus xeem uas muaj rau thaum nyob qib 11 uas zoo xws lit us xeem
SAT los pab npaj tus tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv mus xeem tus SAT. Kev xeem yuav
qhia tau txog tus menyuam txoj kev txawj ntse, cov txuj ci thiab yam uas nws
nyiam, thiab pab soj saib tus menyuam puas taug cov kauj ruam yog los npaj rau
txoj kev mus kawm ntawv qib siab.
Readistep: Yog ib tus xeem uas muaj rau thaum nyob qib 8 los yog qib 9 zoo xws
lit us xeem SAT. Kev xeem yuav qhia tau txog tus menyuam txoj kev txawj ntse,
cov txuj ci thiab yam uas nws nyiam, thiab pab soj saib tus menyuam puas taug
cov kauj ruam yog los npaj rau txoj kev mus kawm ntawv qib siab.
SAT: Yog ib tus xeem uas siv los ntawm ntau lub tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab,
feem coob yog cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab uas muaj kev sib tw mus kawm
coob heev, yog siv los xyuas saib puas yuav txais tuaj kawm ntawv. Tub tub/
ntxhais kawm ntawv mas feem ntau xeem tus xeem thaum lub sij hawm nplooj
zeeg (fall) los yog thaum nplooj hlav (spring) thaum lawv nyob qib 11.
Technical College: Yog cov tuam tsev qhia ntawv qib siab uas qhib rau txhua
tus pej xeem mus kawm uas qhia txog qhov hauj lwm ntawv kia uas siv tsawg
dua li ntawm ob xyoos mus kawm es tau txais daim diploma los yog daim npav
certificate.
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Qhov Koom Siab Npaj Kom Txhij Rau Txoj Kev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab yuav siv zog ua hauj lwm
kom muaj cov tub/ntxhais kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub xeev Minnesota kom coob tshaj no
ntxiv thiab kom muaj ntau haiv neeg uas kawv tag high school kom muaj kev txawj ntse, muaj
txuj ci thiab muaj cov keeb kom kawm ntawv qib siab mus tau zoo.
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION + HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
THO KEV mus NRHIAV QHOV TSHIAB
Lub tuam tsev kawm ntawv qib siab University of Minnesota yob ib lub uas tso vaj huam sib luag rau txoj kev kawm thiab kev ua hauj lwm.
Daim ntawv nthuav tawm no muaj lwm hom kev sau tawm thiab yog hais tias thov tuaj. Thov tuaj rau ntawm Koom Siab Npaj Kom
Txhij Rau Txoj Kev Mus Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab, 612-625-3695 los yog [email protected]
Luam tawm yam siv cov khoom uas muab zom siv dua tshiab los yog coj mus zom tsim dua tshiab tau nrog rau tsawg kawg ma muaj
li ntawm 10% uas yog cov khoom yeej siv ib zaug lawm. Tsim nyob rau xyoo 2014.
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