Body Area Networks

Telemedicina e e-Saúde 2010/2011
PANs e BANs
Telemedicina e e-Saúde
2010/11
Pedro Brandão
Body Sensor Network
What do you mean?
Motion
Glycaemia value
Blood
pressure
Heart Rate
Breathing rate
O2 level
Body Sensor Network
BS
Blood pressure
T-Cells value
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Body Sensor Network
Remote client
Direct Outside
Access
Internet
Local Network
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What is it for? Monitoring
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Sport
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Health
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At home
More effectively/comfortably at
hospitals
Triage
1st responders
Human Computer Itf
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Self-assessment
Team performance
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…
Impaired persons
Gaming
And there is also Actuating…
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Sensors
OxiPen® Sp02 Sensor
Numetrex Sport Bra
VivoMetrics Life Shirt
VivoMetrics Pre-clinical System
Equivital Vital Signs monitor
Actigraphy watch
Vital Jacket
(image from absoluteastronomy)
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What they sense…
Respiration
Heart Rate
Position
Posture
Skin temp
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More intrusive…
PillCam, GivenImaging
Implementation of radio telemetry in a lab-in-a-pill format,
Johannessen, E. A. et al
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What we get…
Images/Video
Temperature
pH
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Physical Measures…
Sensemble: A Wireless, Compact, Multi-User Sensor System
for Interactive Dance, Aylward & Paradiso
A Wearable System That Captures Human
Activities and Social Interactions
(coupled with video-acquisition), Lee et al
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They enable…
Infer user context
Motion patterns
Other inferred motion
information
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Newer Sensor
[Sensium]
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Newer Sensor: Prototype
[Parviz]
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Communications
 Wireless
o Bluetooth Low power
o ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4)
o IEEE 802.15.6
o Proprietary protocols
 Wired
o Smart fabric
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Wired vs Wireless
• Energy consumption
• Rates (although UWB ~ 480
Mbps)
• Propagation
• Interference
• Health Issues
• Node Placement
• Full Mesh
• Lack of Standard
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Example of wired clothes
From Textile Wire
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OTHER TECHNOLOGY
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Textile Antennas
 Antennas woven into fabric (research
prototypes)
o Working at 2.4 GHz
Image from [TextAntenna]
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The body is the network
 Irritation tests done for the
polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) material
 45 MHz signals with -23.6dB gain
 30 cm in d)
 Rates of
10 Mbps
From [IntraBody]
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OTHER ASPECTS
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Other issues
 Interference between BANs
o Radio
o Control
• Is this my pedometer or yours?
 Security
o Eavesdropping on data
• some glucose meter readings diabetic
o Control of actuators
• Think pacemakers
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Energy
 Use what is available
o Body heat
o Body movement
o Some ideas on using body sources of energy (for
in-body sensor)
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THE END
FOR BAN/PAN
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References - BANs
 [IntraBody] Jin-Hee Moon et al, ”Wearable polyimide-
PDMS electrodes for intrabody communication”,
Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
2010
 [Parviz] Babak A. Parviz, “Augmented Reality in a
Contact Lens”
 [Sensium] Tomauz, Sensium
 [TextAntenna] Hertleer, C.; Rogier, H.; Vallozzi, L.; Van
Langenhove, L.; , "A Textile Antenna for Off-Body
Communication Integrated Into Protective Clothing for
Firefighters," Antennas and Propagation, IEEE
Transactions on , vol.57, no.4, April 2009
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References – Standards
 [BTSpecs] Bluetooth Specifications
 [BT-LP] Low Energy Technical introduction, Nick Hunn
& Robin Heydon , CSR
 [ZigBeeSpec] ZigBee Specification, ZigBee Alliance
December 14th, 2004
 [IEEE802.15.6-Reg] IEEE 802.15.6 Regulation
Subcommittee Report, IEEE 802.15 Working Group for
Wireless Personal Area Networks, May 2010
 [IEEE11073Pres] Douglas P. Bogia, “Advantages of
Implementing the ISO/IEEE 11073 Personal Health
Device Communication Standards”, April 2008
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Acronyms
 BT – Bluetooth
 HCI – Host Controller Interface
 HBC – Human Body Communication
 HDP – Health Device Protocol
 ISM – Industrial, Scientific and Medical
 L2CAP – Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol
 MCAP – Multichannel Adaptation Protocol
 MICS – Medical Implant Communication Systems
 SDP – Service Discovery Protocol
 UWB – Ultra Wide Band
 WMTS – Wireless Medical Telemetry Systems
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