RINGKASAN PENEMUAN

LAPORAN PENYIASATAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK,
GAS, WAP DAN PENDINGINAN UDARA
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
Pendahuluan
Penerbitan ini memaparkan perangkaan sektor bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan
pendinginan udara bagi tahun rujukan 2012. Data bagi sektor ini disusun
daripada penyiasatan yang dijalankan pada tahun 2013.
Perangkaan Utama Sektor Bekalan
Elektrik, Gas,
Wap dan
Pendinginan
Udara,
2012
Pada tahun 2012, perangkaan utama sektor bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan
pendinginan udara menunjukkan nilai output kasar sebanyak RM38.9 bilion.
Di samping itu, input perantaraan dan nilai ditambah masing-masing adalah
RM17.8 bilion dan RM21.1 bilion. Jumlah bayaran gaji & upah bagi sektor ini
mencatatkan nilai RM2.4 bilion dengan jumlah guna tenaga sebanyak 42,014
orang. Sementara itu, nilai harta tetap adalah RM90.9 bilion seperti ditunjukkan
dalam Carta 1.
Carta 1: Perangkaan utama sektor bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan pendinginan udara, 2012
3
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
LAPORAN PENYIASATAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK,
GAS, WAP DAN PENDINGINAN UDARA
Jadual A : Output kasar dan guna tenaga mengikut kumpulan, 2012
Output
kasar
(RM juta)
Kumpulan
Penjanaan, penghantaran dan pengagihan tenaga elektrik
Pembuatan gas; pengagihan bahan api berunsur gas
melalui saluran utama
Bekalan wap dan pendinginan udara
Jumlah
Output Kasar
dan Guna
Tenaga
mengikut
Kumpulan,
2012
Guna
tenaga
%
%
36,247.5
93.1
35,815
85.2
2,108.9
5.4
452
1.1
588.1
1.5
5,747
13.7
38,944.5
100.0
42,014
100.0
Nilai output kasar tertinggi disumbangkan oleh aktiviti penjanaan, penghantaran dan
pengagihan tenaga elektrik sebanyak RM36,247.5 juta (93.1 peratus) dan diikuti oleh
pembuatan gas; pengagihan bahan api berunsur gas melalui saluran utama
sebanyak RM2,108.9 juta (5.4 peratus). Walau bagaimanapun, bekalan wap dan
pendinginan udara mencatatkan output kasar paling rendah sebanyak RM588.1 juta
(1.5 peratus) tetapi daripada segi guna tenaga, ia merekodkan bilangan pekerja lebih
tinggi iaitu 5,747 orang (13.7 peratus) berbanding pembuatan gas; pengagihan bahan
api berunsur gas melalui saluran utama, 452 orang (1.1 peratus) seperti dalam
Jadual A.
Carta 2: Bilangan pertubuhan dan output kasar mengikut taraf sah, 2012
Bilangan
Pertubuhan dan
Output Kasar
mengikut
Taraf Sah,
2012
Carta 2 menunjukkan pertubuhan yang berstatus Syarikat Sendirian Berhad
mencatatkan
nilai
output
kasar
tertinggi
sebanyak
RM20,538.1
juta
(108 pertubuhan) dan diikuti oleh Syarikat Awam Berhad dan Koperasi sebanyak
RM18,385.4 juta (6 pertubuhan).
4
LAPORAN PENYIASATAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK,
GAS, WAP DAN PENDINGINAN UDARA
Jadual B : Guna tenaga mengikut kategori dan jantina, 2012
Jumlah
Pekerja bergaji sepenuh masa
Pekerja bergaji sambilan
Pemilik yang bekerja, rakan niaga
yang aktif dan pekerja keluarga
tidak bergaji
Jumlah
Guna Tenaga
mengikut
Kategori dan
Jantina,
2012
%
Lelaki
%
Perempuan
%
41,491
98.8
33,987
80.9
7,504
17.9
484
1.1
407
1.0
77
0.1
39
0.1
34
0.1
5
0.0
42,014
100.0
34,428
82.0
7,586
18.0
Sektor ini melibatkan 42,014 orang pada tahun 2012 terdiri daripada pekerja bergaji
sepenuh masa yang menyumbang sebanyak 98.8 peratus (41,491 orang) daripada
keseluruhan guna tenaga. Sementara itu, pekerja bergaji sambilan adalah
sebanyak 484 orang (1.1 peratus) dan pemilik yang bekerja, rakan niaga yang aktif
dan pekerja keluarga tidak bergaji, 39 orang (0.1 peratus) seperti ditunjukkan dalam
Jadual B.
Jadual C: Pekerja bergaji mengikut kategori pekerja dan jantina, 2012
Pekerja Bergaji
mengikut
Kategori Pekerja
dan Jantina,
2012
Pekerja bergaji mengikut kategori pekerja dan jantina bagi tahun 2012 adalah
seperti dalam Jadual C. Operator loji & mesin pemasang yang diambil secara
langsung mencatatkan bilangan pekerja tertinggi bagi kumpulan pekerja lelaki
sebanyak 11,618 orang (33.8 peratus). Sebaliknya, perkeranian dan pekerjaan
berkaitan merekodkan bilangan tertinggi bagi kumpulan pekerja perempuan
sebanyak 4,015 orang (53.0 peratus). Secara umumnya, pekerja lelaki
menyumbang sebanyak 81.9 peratus (34,394 orang) berbanding pekerja
perempuan, 18.1 peratus (7,581 orang).
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RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
Kategori
LAPORAN PENYIASATAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK,
GAS, WAP DAN PENDINGINAN UDARA
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
Carta 3: Pekerja mengikut kelulusan akademik, 2012
Ijazah universiti dan
ke atas
Diploma / STPM
atau yang setaraf
SPM / SPM(V)
atau yang setaraf
5,867 orang
(14.0%)
9,545 orang
(22.7%)
26,602 orang
(63.3%)
Jumlah pekerja : 42,014 orang
Pekerja
mengikut
Kelulusan Akademik,
2012
Bilangan pekerja mengikut kelulusan akademik menunjukkan bahawa majoriti
pekerja dalam sektor bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan pendinginan udara adalah
terdiri daripada pekerja dengan kelulusan SPM / SPM(V) atau yang setaraf dan
ke bawah iaitu sebanyak 26,602 orang (63.3 peratus). Manakala, peratusan
pekerja dengan kelulusan Ijazah universiti dan ke atas adalah sebanyak
14.0 peratus (5,867 orang) seperti dalam Carta 3.
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REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELECTRICITY, GAS,
STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING SUPPLY
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Introduction
This publication presents statistics on electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning
supply sector for reference year 2012. The data of this sector was canvassed under
the survey conducted in 2013.
Key Statistics of
Electricity, Gas,
Steam and Air
Conditioning
Supply Sector,
2012
In 2012, the key statistics of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
sector showed the gross output value of RM38.9 billion. In addition, intermediate
inputs and value added posted RM17.8 billion and RM21.1 billion respectively.
Total salaries and wages for this sector recorded RM2.4 billion with total
employment of 42,014 persons. Meanwhile, the value of fixed assets was
RM90.9 billion as shown in Chart 1.
Chart 1: Key statistics of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply sector, 2012
7
REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELECTRICITY, GAS,
STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING SUPPLY
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Table A : Gross output and employment by group, 2012
Gross output
(RM million)
Group
Electric power generation, transmission and
distribution
Manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous
fuels through mains
Steam and air conditioning supply
Total
Gross Output
and Employment
by Group,
2012
%
Employment
%
36,247.5
93.1
35,815
85.2
2,108.9
5.4
452
1.1
588.1
1.5
5,747
13.7
38,944.5
100.0
42,014
100.0
The highest gross output value was contributed by electric power generation,
transmission and distribution amounting to RM36,247.5 million (93.1 per cent)
followed by manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains at
RM2,108.9 million (5.4 per cent). However, steam and air conditioning supply
recorded the lowest output of RM588.1 million (1.5 per cent) but in term of
employment, it posted a higher employment of 5,747 persons (13.7 per cent)
compared to manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains,
452 persons (1.1 per cent) as in Table A.
Chart 2: Number of establishments and gross output by legal status, 2012
Number of
Establishments
and Gross Output
by Legal Status,
2012
Chart 2 shows establishments with the status of Private Limited Company
registered
the
highest
gross
output
value
of
RM20,538.1
million
(108 establishments), followed by Public Limited Company and Co-operative,
RM18,385.4 million (6 establishments).
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REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELECTRICITY, GAS,
STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING SUPPLY
Table B : Employment by category and gender, 2012
Total
%
Paid full-time employees
41,491
98.8
33,987
Paid part-time employees
484
1.1
Working proprietors, active
business partners and
unpaid family workers
39
42,014
Total
Employment
by Category
and Gender,
2012
Male
%
Female
%
80.9
7,504
17.9
407
1.0
77
0.1
0.1
34
0.1
5
0.0
100.0
34,428
82.0
7,586
18.0
This sector engaged 42,014 persons in 2012 comprises of paid full-time employees
which accounted for 98.8 per cent (41,491 persons) of total employment.
Meanwhile, paid part-time employees were 484 persons (1.1 per cent) and working
proprietors, active business partners and unpaid family workers, 39 persons
(0.1 per cent) as shown in Table B.
Table C : Paid employees by category of workers and gender, 2012
Paid
Employees
by Category of
Workers and
Gender,
2012
Paid employees by category of workers and gender for the year 2012 is shown in
Table C. The plant & machine operators / assemblers who are directly employed
recorded the highest number of employees in the group of male workers of
11,618 persons (33.8 per cent). On the contrary, clerical and related occupations
recorded the highest for the group of female workers with 4,015 persons
(53.0 per cent). Generally, the male workers accounted for 81.9 per cent
(34,394 persons) compared to female workers, 18.1 per cent (7,581 persons).
9
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Category
REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELECTRICITY, GAS,
STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING SUPPLY
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Chart 3: Employment by academic qualification, 2012
University degree
and above
Diploma / STPM
or equivalent
SPM / SPM(V)
or equivalent and
below
5,867 persons
(14.0%)
9,545 persons
(22.7%)
26,602 persons
(63.3%)
Total employment : 42,014 persons
Employment
by Academic
Qualification,
2012
Employment by academic qualification shows that the majority of persons engaged
in the electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply sector consists of workers
who possessed SPM / SPM(V) or equivalent and below with 26,602 persons
(63.3 per cent). Meanwhile, the share of employees with University degree and
above was 14.0 per cent (5,867 persons) as shown in Chart 3.
10