RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
Transcription
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
LAPORAN PENYIASATAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK, GAS, WAP DAN PENDINGINAN UDARA RINGKASAN PENEMUAN Pendahuluan Penerbitan ini memaparkan perangkaan sektor bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan pendinginan udara bagi tahun rujukan 2012. Data bagi sektor ini disusun daripada penyiasatan yang dijalankan pada tahun 2013. Perangkaan Utama Sektor Bekalan Elektrik, Gas, Wap dan Pendinginan Udara, 2012 Pada tahun 2012, perangkaan utama sektor bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan pendinginan udara menunjukkan nilai output kasar sebanyak RM38.9 bilion. Di samping itu, input perantaraan dan nilai ditambah masing-masing adalah RM17.8 bilion dan RM21.1 bilion. Jumlah bayaran gaji & upah bagi sektor ini mencatatkan nilai RM2.4 bilion dengan jumlah guna tenaga sebanyak 42,014 orang. Sementara itu, nilai harta tetap adalah RM90.9 bilion seperti ditunjukkan dalam Carta 1. Carta 1: Perangkaan utama sektor bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan pendinginan udara, 2012 3 RINGKASAN PENEMUAN LAPORAN PENYIASATAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK, GAS, WAP DAN PENDINGINAN UDARA Jadual A : Output kasar dan guna tenaga mengikut kumpulan, 2012 Output kasar (RM juta) Kumpulan Penjanaan, penghantaran dan pengagihan tenaga elektrik Pembuatan gas; pengagihan bahan api berunsur gas melalui saluran utama Bekalan wap dan pendinginan udara Jumlah Output Kasar dan Guna Tenaga mengikut Kumpulan, 2012 Guna tenaga % % 36,247.5 93.1 35,815 85.2 2,108.9 5.4 452 1.1 588.1 1.5 5,747 13.7 38,944.5 100.0 42,014 100.0 Nilai output kasar tertinggi disumbangkan oleh aktiviti penjanaan, penghantaran dan pengagihan tenaga elektrik sebanyak RM36,247.5 juta (93.1 peratus) dan diikuti oleh pembuatan gas; pengagihan bahan api berunsur gas melalui saluran utama sebanyak RM2,108.9 juta (5.4 peratus). Walau bagaimanapun, bekalan wap dan pendinginan udara mencatatkan output kasar paling rendah sebanyak RM588.1 juta (1.5 peratus) tetapi daripada segi guna tenaga, ia merekodkan bilangan pekerja lebih tinggi iaitu 5,747 orang (13.7 peratus) berbanding pembuatan gas; pengagihan bahan api berunsur gas melalui saluran utama, 452 orang (1.1 peratus) seperti dalam Jadual A. Carta 2: Bilangan pertubuhan dan output kasar mengikut taraf sah, 2012 Bilangan Pertubuhan dan Output Kasar mengikut Taraf Sah, 2012 Carta 2 menunjukkan pertubuhan yang berstatus Syarikat Sendirian Berhad mencatatkan nilai output kasar tertinggi sebanyak RM20,538.1 juta (108 pertubuhan) dan diikuti oleh Syarikat Awam Berhad dan Koperasi sebanyak RM18,385.4 juta (6 pertubuhan). 4 LAPORAN PENYIASATAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK, GAS, WAP DAN PENDINGINAN UDARA Jadual B : Guna tenaga mengikut kategori dan jantina, 2012 Jumlah Pekerja bergaji sepenuh masa Pekerja bergaji sambilan Pemilik yang bekerja, rakan niaga yang aktif dan pekerja keluarga tidak bergaji Jumlah Guna Tenaga mengikut Kategori dan Jantina, 2012 % Lelaki % Perempuan % 41,491 98.8 33,987 80.9 7,504 17.9 484 1.1 407 1.0 77 0.1 39 0.1 34 0.1 5 0.0 42,014 100.0 34,428 82.0 7,586 18.0 Sektor ini melibatkan 42,014 orang pada tahun 2012 terdiri daripada pekerja bergaji sepenuh masa yang menyumbang sebanyak 98.8 peratus (41,491 orang) daripada keseluruhan guna tenaga. Sementara itu, pekerja bergaji sambilan adalah sebanyak 484 orang (1.1 peratus) dan pemilik yang bekerja, rakan niaga yang aktif dan pekerja keluarga tidak bergaji, 39 orang (0.1 peratus) seperti ditunjukkan dalam Jadual B. Jadual C: Pekerja bergaji mengikut kategori pekerja dan jantina, 2012 Pekerja Bergaji mengikut Kategori Pekerja dan Jantina, 2012 Pekerja bergaji mengikut kategori pekerja dan jantina bagi tahun 2012 adalah seperti dalam Jadual C. Operator loji & mesin pemasang yang diambil secara langsung mencatatkan bilangan pekerja tertinggi bagi kumpulan pekerja lelaki sebanyak 11,618 orang (33.8 peratus). Sebaliknya, perkeranian dan pekerjaan berkaitan merekodkan bilangan tertinggi bagi kumpulan pekerja perempuan sebanyak 4,015 orang (53.0 peratus). Secara umumnya, pekerja lelaki menyumbang sebanyak 81.9 peratus (34,394 orang) berbanding pekerja perempuan, 18.1 peratus (7,581 orang). 5 RINGKASAN PENEMUAN Kategori LAPORAN PENYIASATAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK, GAS, WAP DAN PENDINGINAN UDARA RINGKASAN PENEMUAN Carta 3: Pekerja mengikut kelulusan akademik, 2012 Ijazah universiti dan ke atas Diploma / STPM atau yang setaraf SPM / SPM(V) atau yang setaraf 5,867 orang (14.0%) 9,545 orang (22.7%) 26,602 orang (63.3%) Jumlah pekerja : 42,014 orang Pekerja mengikut Kelulusan Akademik, 2012 Bilangan pekerja mengikut kelulusan akademik menunjukkan bahawa majoriti pekerja dalam sektor bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan pendinginan udara adalah terdiri daripada pekerja dengan kelulusan SPM / SPM(V) atau yang setaraf dan ke bawah iaitu sebanyak 26,602 orang (63.3 peratus). Manakala, peratusan pekerja dengan kelulusan Ijazah universiti dan ke atas adalah sebanyak 14.0 peratus (5,867 orang) seperti dalam Carta 3. 6 REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELECTRICITY, GAS, STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING SUPPLY SUMMARY FINDINGS Introduction This publication presents statistics on electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply sector for reference year 2012. The data of this sector was canvassed under the survey conducted in 2013. Key Statistics of Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply Sector, 2012 In 2012, the key statistics of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply sector showed the gross output value of RM38.9 billion. In addition, intermediate inputs and value added posted RM17.8 billion and RM21.1 billion respectively. Total salaries and wages for this sector recorded RM2.4 billion with total employment of 42,014 persons. Meanwhile, the value of fixed assets was RM90.9 billion as shown in Chart 1. Chart 1: Key statistics of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply sector, 2012 7 REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELECTRICITY, GAS, STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING SUPPLY SUMMARY FINDINGS Table A : Gross output and employment by group, 2012 Gross output (RM million) Group Electric power generation, transmission and distribution Manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains Steam and air conditioning supply Total Gross Output and Employment by Group, 2012 % Employment % 36,247.5 93.1 35,815 85.2 2,108.9 5.4 452 1.1 588.1 1.5 5,747 13.7 38,944.5 100.0 42,014 100.0 The highest gross output value was contributed by electric power generation, transmission and distribution amounting to RM36,247.5 million (93.1 per cent) followed by manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains at RM2,108.9 million (5.4 per cent). However, steam and air conditioning supply recorded the lowest output of RM588.1 million (1.5 per cent) but in term of employment, it posted a higher employment of 5,747 persons (13.7 per cent) compared to manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains, 452 persons (1.1 per cent) as in Table A. Chart 2: Number of establishments and gross output by legal status, 2012 Number of Establishments and Gross Output by Legal Status, 2012 Chart 2 shows establishments with the status of Private Limited Company registered the highest gross output value of RM20,538.1 million (108 establishments), followed by Public Limited Company and Co-operative, RM18,385.4 million (6 establishments). 8 REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELECTRICITY, GAS, STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING SUPPLY Table B : Employment by category and gender, 2012 Total % Paid full-time employees 41,491 98.8 33,987 Paid part-time employees 484 1.1 Working proprietors, active business partners and unpaid family workers 39 42,014 Total Employment by Category and Gender, 2012 Male % Female % 80.9 7,504 17.9 407 1.0 77 0.1 0.1 34 0.1 5 0.0 100.0 34,428 82.0 7,586 18.0 This sector engaged 42,014 persons in 2012 comprises of paid full-time employees which accounted for 98.8 per cent (41,491 persons) of total employment. Meanwhile, paid part-time employees were 484 persons (1.1 per cent) and working proprietors, active business partners and unpaid family workers, 39 persons (0.1 per cent) as shown in Table B. Table C : Paid employees by category of workers and gender, 2012 Paid Employees by Category of Workers and Gender, 2012 Paid employees by category of workers and gender for the year 2012 is shown in Table C. The plant & machine operators / assemblers who are directly employed recorded the highest number of employees in the group of male workers of 11,618 persons (33.8 per cent). On the contrary, clerical and related occupations recorded the highest for the group of female workers with 4,015 persons (53.0 per cent). Generally, the male workers accounted for 81.9 per cent (34,394 persons) compared to female workers, 18.1 per cent (7,581 persons). 9 SUMMARY FINDINGS Category REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELECTRICITY, GAS, STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING SUPPLY SUMMARY FINDINGS Chart 3: Employment by academic qualification, 2012 University degree and above Diploma / STPM or equivalent SPM / SPM(V) or equivalent and below 5,867 persons (14.0%) 9,545 persons (22.7%) 26,602 persons (63.3%) Total employment : 42,014 persons Employment by Academic Qualification, 2012 Employment by academic qualification shows that the majority of persons engaged in the electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply sector consists of workers who possessed SPM / SPM(V) or equivalent and below with 26,602 persons (63.3 per cent). Meanwhile, the share of employees with University degree and above was 14.0 per cent (5,867 persons) as shown in Chart 3. 10