COMPETITION SPIRIT

THE
SPIRIT
COMPETITION
OF
in Ancient Greece
Answers to the activities
MINISTRY OF CULTURE, EDUCATION AND RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS
GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF ANTIQUITIES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE
DIRECTORATE OF MUSEUMS
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS AND COMMUNICATION
3
The 12 Labours of Hercules!
Picture 10
1st Labour
The Nemean Lion
10
Picture 10. Hercules wrestling the
Nemean lion (free rendering), red
figure amphora, 520 BC, London,
British Museum
Picture 8
2nd Labour
Lernean Hydra
8
Picture 4
3rd Labour
The Kerynean hind
4
Picture 7
4th Labour
The Erymanthian boar
7
Picture 6
5th Labour
The Augean Stables
Picture 12
6th labour
The Stymphalian birds
Picture 8. Hercules preparing
to slay the Lernean Hydra, (free
rendering) second metope of the
opisthodomus of the Temple of
Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological
Museum
Picture 4. Hercules battling
with the Kerynean Hind (free
rendering), fifth metope of the
opisthodomus of the Temple of
Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological
Museum
Picture 7. Hercules carries the
Erymanthian Boar to king
Eurystheus (free rendering),
first metope of the pronaos of
the Temple of Zeus, Olympia,
Archaeological Museum
6
12
Picture 6. Athena shows Hercules
where to dig so that the courses of
rivers Pineios and Alpheios can
join and wash out the stables (free
rendering), sixth metope of the
pronaos of the Temple of Zeus,
Olympia, Archaeological Museum
Picture 12. Hercules gives
to Athena some of the dead
Stymphalian Birds (free
rendering), third metope of the
opisthodomus of the Temple of
Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological
Museum
2
Picture 11
7th labour
The Cretan bull
Picture 1
8th labour
The horses of Diomedes
Picture 3
9th labour
The belt of Hippolyte
Picture 9
10th Labour
The cattle of Geryon
Picture 2
11th Labour
The Golden apples
of the Hesperides
Picture 5
12th Labour
Cerberus
Picture 11. Hercules preparing
to fight the Cretan Bull (free
rendering), fourth metope of the
opisthodomus of the Temple of
Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological
Museum
Picture 1. Hercules having
managed to catch one of Diomedes’
dangerous horses (free rendering),
second metope of the pronaos
of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia,
Archaeological Museum
Picture 3. Hercules preparing to
kill the Amazon Hippolyte (free
rendering), sixth metope of the
opisthodomus of the Temple of
Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological
Museum
Picture 9. Hercules preparing to
strike the three-bodied Geryon
(free rendering), third metope of
the pronaos of the Temple of Zeus,
Olympia, Archaeological Museum
Picture 2. Atlas brings the apples
of the Hesperides to Hercules, who
waits for him holding the Sky on
his shoulders. Athena helps him
so that he can take the apples (free
rendering), fourth metope of the
pronaos of the Temple of Zeus,
Olympia, Archaeological Museum
Picture 5. Hercules pulls Cerberus
with a rope showing the successful
conclusion of his labour (free
rendering), fifth metope of the
pronaos of the Temple of Zeus,
Archaeological Museum
3
Sporting events that
stood the test of time
Foot races
Page 1: Athletes competing in a foot race (free rendering), Panathenaic
amphora, 530-520 BC, New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Long Jump
Page 2: Athletes jumping with halteres (weights) in their hands. The judge of
the contest is standing close to them (free rendering), red figure kylix (twohandled cup), 510-500 BC, Boston, Museum of fine Arts
The Discus
Page 3: Discus thrower preparing for his
throw (free rendering), a Roman replica
of a copper statue of the Discobolus
(Discus thrower) of Myron of 460-450
BC, 2nd century AD, Rome, Museo
Nazionale Romano - Palazzo Massimo
2
The Javelin
Page 4: A javelin thrower just before his throw (free rendering), red figure
kylix (two- handled cup), ca 420 BC, Berlin, Staatliche Museen
Wrestling
Page 5: Two wrestlers fight by pushing each other with their heads. To
the left a long-jumper is preparing for his jump and to the right a javelin
thrower is getting ready for his throw(free rendering), funerary stele from
Piraeus, 510 BC, Athens, National Archaeological Museum
Boxing
Page 6: Two small children wearing a
perizoma (wide belt around their waist)
box (free rendering), wall-painting from
building B of the prehistoric settlement
of Akrotiri, 16th century BC, Athens,
National Archaeological Museum
5
Pancration
Page 7: A pancration match. The contestant on the left grasps and pulls on
his opponent’s leg in order to throw him to the ground. The judge stands
to the right (free rendering), Panathenaic amphora, beginning of the 5th
century BC, New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Equestrian events
Page 8: The charioteer awaits the signal for the contest to begin. He wears a
long chiton and he holds both reins and whip in his hands (free rendering),
black figure vase, ca 510 BC, Athens, National Archaeological Museum
Weight lifting
Page 9: An adolescent picks up two roughly hewn rocks (free rendering), red
figure kylix, ca 500 BC, Würzburg, Martin von Wagner Museum
6
Hoops
Page 10: Ganymede plays with a hoop while keeping a rooster aloft
(free rendering), red figure krater, 500-460 BC, Paris, Musée du Louvre
Swimming contests
Page 11: A diver jumps into the water from a high diving platform
(free rendering), wall-painting on the diver’s tomb, in Poseidonia, 480 BC,
Poseidonia, Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Paestum
Keritizein
Page 12: Youths playing a game of “keritizein” (free rendering),
relief on the base of a funerary monument, 6th century BC, Athens,
National Archaeological Museum
7
Football
Page 13: A youth practices his leg moves for the game of ball. A small slave
stands next to him (free rendering), relief on a funerary loutrophoros,
ca 350 BC, Athens, National Archaeological Museum
Contests for youths
Page 14: Odysseus and his companions row in an attempt to escape from
the dangerous song of the Sirens (free rendering), red figure vase,
ca 480-470 BC, London, British museum
8
Athens, 2015
Project coordinator:
Maria Lagogianni, Ph.D. archaeologist
Souzana Choulia - Kapeloni, archaeologist
General editors:
Tonia Koutsouraki, archaeologist
Alexandra Seleli, archaeologist/museologist
Graphic Design editor:
Spilios Pistas, graphic artist
Educational content/Activity Design:
Maria Tsalkitzi, educator PE 70 (activities 1-2)
Elena Fragkaki, archaeology (activity 3)
Graphic Design:
Sophia Deligianni, graphic artist
Illustrations:
Manolis Tsambourakis, painter
Translation into English:
Katerina Apostolaki, Translator - Interpreter
Copyright © 2015 MINISTRY OF CULTURE, EDUCATION AND RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS
ISBN 978-960-386-210-9
The leaflet “Answers to the activity proposals for Secondary education ” of the theme
“The spirit of competition in Ancient Greece” was created and digitised in 2015,
within the framework of Act with code no. MIS 339815 “Updating and digitizing educational material to support the educational process, which is implemented by the
Directorate of Museums as part of the Operational Programme “Education and Lifelong Learning” and jointly funded by the European Union (European Social Fund) and
national resources.