Janmarg

Janmarg ‐ BRTS
Ahmedabad Bus Rapid Transit System Technical Support:
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Structure of the presentation
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Janmarg Today
Before Janmarg: Precursors to planning and implementation Why BRTS was chosen in Indian cities?
Janmarg components, characteristics and innovations Branding and Public Outreach
Operations Management Replicability of concept of BRTS in Indian cities Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
JANMARG Today
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
PLANNED JANMARG NETWORK
System Statistics
89 km in Phase 1+2
143 BRTS Stations
81 km constructed 08 km under const.
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
EXISTING JANMARG NETWORK
System Statistics
86 km operational 127 BRTS Stations
160 Bus Fleet 09 Routes
38727 Bus km / day 1820 Bus trip / day 1.45 Lakh Passenger Rs 16.0 Lakh Revenue
6am to 11pm Service hr
Peak frequency 2.2 to 4 mins
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Before Janmarg!
Ahmedabad had a vision!
Even before the BRTS, Ahmedabad got the basics in place!
Vision
Long term Sustainability
Integrated, Comprehensive
Multimodal
Metro System, Regional Rail, BRTS, Bus System, Feeder, Bicycles, Pedestrians
Land use Plans
Network Completion, Missing links, bridges, railway over bridges
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Ahmedabad’s approach
1. Comprehensive outlook
2. Continuous Effort
3. Strong/Decisive Leadership
4. Proactive Elected Wing
5. Encouraging State
6. Consultant who is a Partner
7. Positive Media
8. Citizen who sees change as positive
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Before Janmarg!
Precursors to building infrastructure Completing Network
Building River Bridges
‐ Vasana‐Pirana & Wadaj‐
Dudheshwar
Clearing right of ways & encroachment removal
Utility Survey and Integration
Building storm water drains & drainage infrastructure
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Complementary measures
2014
2005
Completing the network
24 New bridges (river bridges, flyovers, Rob/RuB) constructed in last 8‐9 years
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Structuring road network for the future
2025
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Why BRTS was chosen in different Indian cities?
‐ Case of Ahmedabad: Janmarg
 Suits a developing country transport nuances‐
planning follows development
 No strong CBD
 Highly randomised development with localised trips
 Urban pull – spreading out
 Need for decongestion
 Flexibility in routing / Easily expandable
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Why BRTS was chosen in different Indian cities?
‐ Case of Ahmedabad: Janmarg
 Scope for both low density and high density passenger movement
 Project implementation easier
 Wider reach
 Leverages the full scope for public space and accessibility improvement
 Can be operated according to the city ethos  Environment friendly
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Why BRTS was chosen in different Indian cities?
‐ Case of Ahmedabad: Janmarg
Ahmedabad’s Option: Two systems at the same cost
Metro Rail system (6 kms. only)
Bus Rapid Transit system (88.8 kms.)  We are seeking transport solutions and not technology
 We need to expand Transit Coverage, Quantity and Quality
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
What makes Ahmedabad a BRTS city?
• Ahmedabad has a well developed ring‐
radial structure, high density development and dispersed travel pattern
• Improvements in existing bus system alone are not adequate to bring about significant modal shifts • No single mode is adequate to meet with the mobility needs in cities
• BRTS serves as a trunk while AMTS and IPT as feeder • Ahmedabad trip length is 6.5 for PT which is good for BRTS • People prefer affordable commute with quality service Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
How was the network finalized?
 NETWORK and Not Corridors
 Connectivity of important origin and destinations
 Catalyst for area development
 Formation of strong network for flexible route operations
 low income, low accessibility zones (old walled city)
 Availability of right of way to build infrastructure
 Add capacity and take away apprt
of capacity for BRTS
 Overall impact of transit on city
 Connect ‘busy places’ but avoid ‘busy roads’
Chandkheda
Naroda village
Sola RoB
RTO
Naroda
AEC
Bopal
Iscon circle
Memnagar
Shivranjani
Kalupur Rly. Stn.
Nehrunagar
Soni ni chaali
Maninagar
Rly. stn,.
Shreyas RoB
Narol
PHASE 1
PHASE 2
Proposed Elevated Corridor
New River bridge
RoB Constructed (Phase 1)
Proposed RoB/ RuB (Phase 2)
Flyovers (phase 1)
Proposed Flyovers (phase 2)
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Thakkarbapanagar
CTM
Jashodanagar
Ghodasar
Vatva
Odhav
Lessons Learnt in Design of BRTS
• ‘Open’ to closed system
• Trunk + Feeder system
• Pragmatic approach that is constantly evolving and improvising the system
• ‘Network’ and not just corridors
• Need for constant monitoring of system performance
• Rigid pavement at bus stations
• Planning for future expansion
– System to be compatible to articulated buses
– Bus stations to be expandible
– Bus station ticket counters shifted out of bus station to allow more clear passenger entry/exit
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Lessons Learnt in Design of BRTS
• Shifting location of ticket counter from centre to side
• Possible option of docking articulated buses in future
• Gradient of access ramp is increased
• Signages – Information dissemination • Flap gates – for faster passenger flows
• LED lighting – energy saving • Hand rails adjoining ramps • Rigid pavement at bus lanes
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Type of System Operations:
Open and Closed
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Open system
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Closed system
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Regular buses in BRT lanes
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Partial BRT segregation
Specially designed BRT buses ply in BRT
lanes
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Reduced Reliability and quality
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Full BRT Segregation
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Delays due to boarding/alighting, Ticketing
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High reliability and quality of service
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Bus turnings at junctions become critical
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Delays averted
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Bus turnings at junctions rationalised
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
BRT-Station Locations:
Kerb side or Median side
Kerb side Bus stops
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Need to Build 4 small bus stops at each location • Delhi BRT (8‐12 bus stops per location)
• Pune (4 ‐6 bus stops per location)
Passenger transfers critical
Median Bus stops
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1 large bus stop per location
• Ahmedabad BRT – 1 bus station
per location
Easy and safe passenger transfers
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Janmarg – system characteristics
 System Types
Closed system – trunk and feeder services selected
Open system considered but not selected
 Running Way
Centre Running
Curb Running
Mixed Traffic
 Stations Aesthetically designed, accessible level boarding
Near side (before intersection)
Two buses at each side
Far side
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Complete BRTS
CYCLE TRACKS
PEDESTRIAN PATHS
MIXED TRAFFIC
BRT Lanes
BRT BUS STATION
MIXED TRAFFIC
CYCLE TRACKS
BRT Lanes
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
PEDESTRIAN PATHS
PEDESTRIAN PATHS
Designing for local context
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Integration with Railways Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Innovating to manage constraints
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Innovating to manage constraints
Soni ni chaali – Double Deck Station BRT at Gujarat College RoB (Elevated Bus station)
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Anjali Junction Before Janmarg
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Anjali Junction After Janmarg
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Glimpse of JANMARG
Street Infrastructure for Commuters
Developing Public Spaces
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Glimpse of JANMARG
Janmarg BRTS Depot and Workshop
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Choosing the Right Vehicle
Low floor bus
Low floor buses may be popular –
high floor buses are more practical for closed system like Ahmedabad
Janmarg bus – Flat floor
JANMARG VEHICLE CHOICE  High floor buses (900mm)
 Flat floor  Cleaner Euro III Diesel, CNG Semi ‐
Standard bus (Capacity 80 passengers )
Low floor bus
 Two wide central doors  Width of doors in centre 1960 mm
 Length of bus ‐12 m
 Mix of A.C. and Non A.C.  Use of ITS Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
ITS in Janmarg
State of Art control room •
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Support Automatic Vehicle Locator System
Real time operation monitoring Ensuring service levels to commuters
Serves as data management center for service planning Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
ITS in Janmarg
Automatic fare collection system
• Pre‐paid boarding
• Real time fare collection system
• Smartcards, Token & paper tickets
• Smart cards for Students with discounts Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
ITS in Janmarg
Passenger Information System
• Real time information system • LED display in Buses and BRT Stations
• Public announcement for disabled
• Signage and Maps
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
ITS in Janmarg
Automatic Sliding Doors
• Controlled by the driver
• Can be operated only when the bus aligns at designated location
• Built in design redundancy
• Safe user interface
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Innovation in ITS: RFID based automatic sliding doors
Use of RFID technology for automatic door operations – First time used in city transport system
At‐level and rapid passenger boarding and alighting
Safe and barrier free access Automatic door opetations
RFID reader and sensors (non synchronized) at approach
RFID reader and sensors (synchronized) at hault
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
RAPID BOARDING AND ALIGHTING
safe, fast, accessible for all…
14 passenger boarding/ alighting in 40 sec.
40‐50 passenger boarding/ alighting in 40 sec. Can cater to higher demand with more than double the no. of people
• At level boarding reduces boarding time and increases safety
• Reduces delays
• Accessible for all..physically challenged, senior citizens, women, children
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
ITS in Janmarg
Automatic Vehicle Location System
• GPS and GPRS based technology for real time tracking
• Electronic console for drivers for monitoring schedule
• Two way communication system with driver • Emergency response system Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Before Janmarg Branding
• No established bus transit market
• Managing apprehensions • Capturing concurrent changes in bus transit to validate the planning
• Wide roads to narrow roads
• Adaptation to local felt‐needs
• Local body’s role central, has to be the execution head
• Interfacing with NHAI to gain access, TEC, BSNL, Railways, gas company
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Why do we need Branding?
Ahmedabad Janmarg is a Successful Brand in Public Transit in India Highly accepted and used by the people of Ahmedabad
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Educating people
Creating awareness
Creating Identity for the system
Information Dissemination
Public participation
Different user groups (age, social..)
Transferring ownership to people ..(“ Apnu amdavad..apno
Janmarg”…)
Project initiated as a Planning project needs to finally be accepted and owned by people..
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Janmarg Branding
BRT Booklets / Brochures / Newsletters
Mementos
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Janmarg Branding
JANMARG Logo
JANMARG Bus Graphics
Uniform designs for entire AJL and control centre staff, System operators, Workshop staff
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Public Outreach •
Bus stop prototype and Free trial runs
– Special BRT rides for school children, industrialists, doctors, religious leaders etc.
– BRT trial runs till 1 am during Navratri
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Extensive public outreach and media coverage (during construction, trial runs, operations)
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Enhanced Accessibility for all (physically and visually challenged, senior citizens, women, children etc.)
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Special training programmes for staff, Bus drivers for improved skills and public interaction
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Regular passenger feedback surveys and for performance monitoring
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Strong political will and support
Surprise visit by Hon. Ex. Chief Minister of Gujarat, Shri. Narendra Modi
On the bus ride, he discussed with the passengers, their response and feedback for the system
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Public Outreach Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Public Outreach Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Delegations to BRTS
Dr. M. Ramachandran, US Delegation on BRTS ride
Ex. Secretary, Ministry of Urban Development, GOI, on his visit to Janmarg bus station
Visit to BRT by Dario Hidalgo
Members of Lagos BRT, Nigeria on their visit to Janmarg
Members of American Planning Association on their visit to Janmarg
Former Secretary, Urban Development, GoI, Mr. Anil Baijal on a BRT ride
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Experts Visit
Media Publications
“I declare Ahmedabad BRT as the first full‐fledged BRT system in India ” –
Dario Hidalgo
“Ahmedabad BRT system will transform people’s lives and the way they move in the city” – Enrique Penalosa
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Public Outreach Politician Raj Thackrey
on BRTS ride
Movie Star Nagarjuna on BRTS ride
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
How the real estate uses BRTS as marketing strategy
‘BRTS is a bus based high quality, high capacity rapid transit system that delivers fast, comfortable and cost effective urban mobility. In a BRT system, vehicles travel in exclusive lanes, thus avoiding congestion. The strategic location makes it perfect destination for Offices, showrooms, cafetaria, restaurants, hospitals & call centers
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
A system for people
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
A system for people
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
A system for people
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
A system for people
SEATING AREAS ALONG PEDESTRIAN SPACES
BUS STATION LOCATED AT PUSPAKUNJ – A PUBLIC SPACE
PEDESTRIANISED ZONE ALONG WITH BRT LANE
INAUGRATION INTEGRATED WITH KANKARIA CARNIVAL
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Management of transition to a new mode
• Formation of Separate Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) named Ahmedabad Janmarg Limitied (AJL) under the Companies ACT.
• Role of SPV –
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Operation and Maintenance Route planning and rationalization Integration with feeder
Quality Control Undertake performance monitoring assessments Fare regulation Capacity Building Where do we see Janmarg?
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Public transit to be made available within 500m for every citizen with last mile network Seamless travel through Public Transit Integration Achieving Service Level Benchmarks of PT 40% trips in Ahmedabad made on public transit
Safe and high quality pedestrian and NMT infrastructure to support Janmarg last mile connectivity Making Janmarg BRTS ‘a benchmark of excellence’
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Sustainability
Major Modal shifts
• 17.5% Auto (shared) / 12% two wheelers / 6 % walk / 5% cycle/ 2.5% Car/ 5.5% auto rickshaw
Improvement in air quality
• Reduction in PM2.5, NOx, SOx,CO
• PM2.5 levels: 122 – 170% lower than other modes on non‐BRT corridors
Improvement in road safety
• Reduction in fatalities (Narol‐Naroda sample survey)
• Fatalities ‐ 35 (2005), 12 (2011)
• Accidents – 169 (2005), 147 (2011)
Financial Sustainability
• Automatic fare adjustments (Fuel pricing, WPI)
• Proposed fare revision annually • Additional sources of revenues (Advertisement rights, parking charges)
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
BRTS: Replicable in Indian Context
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High population density + Mixed landuse – results into short and dispersed
trips – Necessitates flexible routes
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Makes BRT an affordable solution – min. fare 5 Rs. for travelling 1.5 kms in
high quality AC buses.
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Activity centers at frequent intervals– bus station at every 500 mts.
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Surface mobility makes it highly accessible – Development of Complete
streets
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Accessible, Safe and comfortable mode of public transport
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High quality PT to favour higher modal shifts from private vehicle
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Indian Cities Following JANMARG Model
Ahmedabad BRTS model is taken as standard and developed in other cities as:
BRT under implementation:
Surat
Rajkot
Indore
Hubli‐Dharwad
Sitilink, Surat BRT
Indore BRT
Feasibility Study undertaken:
Vadodara
Bhubhaneswar
Rajkot BRT
Hubli‐Dharwad BRT
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
SuratSitilink
With No Public Transport ...before 2007
with Limited Public Transport…2007
– Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS)..2014
40,000 auto rickshaws operating like public transport!
Introduction of City Bus services in 2007
Challenge for Surat to create Sustainable High Quality Public Transport Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
No Roads
Before BRTS ‐
No Roads…2008
Today…–
With BRT (2014) 13 kms. Of Canal corridor was identified in BRTS network in phase 1.
Partially there was no road, no traffic, degenerated use, encroachments on water front, canal degradation
Centrally located canal acted as waste collection area, no transit opportunity
Lack of land use changes
Degradation of surrounds, land prices, Quality of life..
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
No Roads
Today…–
With BRT (2014) Before BRTS ‐
No Roads…2008
Transforming Constraints into Opportunities
BRTS to be operational on this corridor by 2014.
Pedestrian path
Mixed traffic lanes
BRTS bus lane
Pedestrian path
Mixed traffic lanes
BRTS bus lane
Existing Canal
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Technical value to road development
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Not just roads , developing ‘Complete Streets”
Integration of Public transit, NMT
Focus on moving people and not just vehicles. .
Creating ‘livable streets’ through wide walkways, activity areas , street furniture, street landscape
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Sitilink‐Surat Bus Rapid Transit System
Sitilink ‐ A METRO EXPERIENCE ON ROAD THROUGH TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS AT 1/20th THE COST
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
How successful are we in communicating!
A painting competition by local media for children aged below 12
A participants vision of TOD
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
THANK YOU…
Prof. H.M.Shivanand Swamy
Executive Director
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India
Email: [email protected]
Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India