docGeological hazards and monitoring activities at the Azores archipelago
download 
Report Transcription
Geological hazards and monitoring activities at the Azores archipelago
Geological hazards and monitoring activities at the Azores archipelago Teresa Ferreira(1,2), João Gaspar(1,2), Gabriela Queiroz (1,2) (1) CVARG (Centre for Volcanology and Geological Risks Assessment) (2) CIVISA (Centre for Information and Seismovolcanic Surveillance of the Azores), SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 AZORES ARCHIPELAGO Geographic and Geodynamic setting © ESRI SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 2 AZORES ARCHIPELAGO Geographic and Geodynamic setting American Plate Euro-asian Plate RT CMA Núbia Plate ZFEA SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 3 Most destructive Historical earthquakes SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 SEISMIC ACTIVITY: 1980 - 2010 SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 Historical eruptions SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 Active Volcanic Systems S. V. Lagoas S. V. de Vitória Vulcão Central da Caldeira Vulcão de Santa Bárbara S. V. Fissural Vulcão do Pico Alto S. V. do Capelo Vulcão Central S. V. Horta-Flamengos (?) S. V. de Manadas Vulcão do Pico ou Montanha S. V. Fissural SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 Vulcão Sete Cidades S. V. dos Picos Vulcão do Fogo S. V do Congro Vulcão das Furnas Geological Hazards in the Azores Earthquakes • Azorean population is exposed to more than one natural hazard • Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides and tsunamis can occur as coupled events • The combined action of these events should always be considered when defining scenarios for emergency planning SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 Volcanic Eruptions Landslides Tsunamis CIVISA - Centre for Information and Seismovolcanic Surveillance of the Azores • Objectives – Prevent and forecast Geological Hazards – Provide scientific advisory to the Civil Protection – Contribute to Public awareness SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 Monitoring networks • Types of networks – – – – – Seismic Geodesic Geochemical Air quality Meteorological • Data Aquisition – Real time data acquisition and transmission from remote stations to CIVISA – Ponta Delgada (S. Miguel Island) SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 10 Geophysical Monitoring Seismic Monitoring 37 short period stations - 1Hz SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 11 Geophysical Monitoring Seismic Monitoring SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 12 Geodesic Monitoring GPS observation Network Starting date - 2002 Temporary stations Permanent stations SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 13 Geodesic Monitoring Ground deformation 500 Sismos 0.08 GPS (Lat) 450 400 350 Deslocamento (m) 0.06 Nº Eventos 300 250 200 0.04 150 100 50 0 0.02 733 Janeiro 783 833 Maio 883 933 983 Setembro 1033 1083 Dezembro 2005 SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 14 Geochemical / Environmental Monitoring Soil CO2 flux stations SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 15 Geochemical / Environmental Monitoring SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 16 Landslide monitoring network Landslide monitoring network DATA TRANSMITION SYSTEMS (Data and Voice) Multiplex Network – SRPCBA Regional Network Radio Transmition UHF Freewave 2,4 GHz Wifi – 5 GHz Mobile Network - GSM LAN Network – Azores Government Network Satellite comunications SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 19 Aplication of EO Spatial Technologies Volcano Monitoring Ground deformation InSAR Differential PALSAR L-band interferograms Cong, X. et al (2008) - Ground deformation measurement with radar interferometry in Exupéry - Projecto Exupery Surface thermal anomalies Lava Flow on Bezymianny Volcano Dec. 28, 2000 This image is a composite of an Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) image showing the volcano's topography (blue) and a thermal infrared image showing the "hot spot" (red) in great detail. ASTER is the "zoom lens" aboard NASA's Terra satellite. Credit Image courtesy NASA/GSFC/MITI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team, University of Pittsburg Volcanic Ash Clouds NASA's Terra Satellite captured this image on April 15, 2010 of the volcano and resulting ash plume. NASA image by Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team at NASA GSF http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=19887 On January 19, 2009, the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) on NASA’s Terra satellite captured an image http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=36725 PROJECTS INVOLVING SPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 GLOBVOLCANO SATELLITE MONITORING IN SUPPORT TO EARLY WARNING OF VOLCANIC RISK ESA DUE PROGRAMME 2007-2011 WWW.GLOBVOLCANO.ORG The project aimed to demonstrate the contribution of EO integrated services in support to Volcanological Observatories and other authorized users, such as civil protection, giving particular emphasis to prevention and early warning. SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 GlobVolcano Information Service Ground deformation using images for DINSAR and ALOS PALSAR SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 MED-SUV MEDiterranean SUpersite Volcanoes 2013-2016 THEME [ENV.2012.6.4-2] [Long-term monitoring experiment in geologically active regions of Europe prone to natural hazards: the Supersite concept] Partners: ESA, TERRADUE SPACE 4 SMALL ISLANDS SEMINAR Vila do Porto – Santa Maria Island, 4-5 December 2012 Hot stuff – 15 years of satellite data over Mt. Etna http://www.esa.int/esaEO/SEMQGHKTYRF_index_1.html
