Higashi-Matsushima -- Disaster Recovery and FutureCity

Higashi-Matsushima -- Disaster Recovery and FutureCity
Overview of Higashi-Matsushima
[Location and Climate]
Higashi-Matsushima is located to the northeast
of Sendai, the capital of Miyagi Prefecture. It
faces Ishinomaki, to its east, and Matsushima,
to its south.
Its average annual temperature is relatively
warm for a city in the Tohoku region, and its
annual rainfall is below the Tohoku average.
[City flower:
Cherry blossom]
Misato
Matsushima
■ Population: 40,090 (as of April 1, 2014)
(Population before earthquake: 43,142)
Air show (Blue Impulse)
HigashiMatsushima
[City tree: Pine]
Ishinomaki
[Experiences and Exchange]
Higashi-Matsushima is blessed with nature, with
spectacular views of the sea, mountains, and
rivers.
It is particularly rich in marine leisure
opportunities, such as coastal swimming, clam
digging, pleasure boat trips, and fishing. It is
visited by roughly 1.2 million people each year.
The Japan Air Self-Defense Force Matsushima
Base holds an air show every summer, and
airplane fans gather from around the country to
see Blue Impulse fly.
Sagakei pleasure boat
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65% of the city's urban area was inundated by the tsunami
(more than any other affected municipality in Japan)
Higashi-Matsushima damage conditions
(as of end of December 2014)
■ Human damages (city residents)
Deaths: 1,109
Missing persons: 25
Total: 1,134 (approx. 3% of the city's residents)
■ Home damage
Completely destroyed: 5,513 homes
Major destruction: 3,060 homes
Partially destroyed: 2,500 homes
Total: 11,073 homes
(Approx. 73% of all households)
■ Evacuees (peak): 15,185
■ Shelters (peak): 106
■ Flooded agricultural area:
1,465 ha / Total agricultural area: 3,349 ha
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[“FutureCity” Initiative Vanguard Project (1)]
“Higashi-Matsushima-style” recycling of disaster rubble
- Hiring 800 disaster area residents, primarily senior citizens Amount of disaster rubble: 1,098,000 t
(110 times the annual waste production of Higashi-Matsushima)
Approx. 97% of all rubble was recycled
Disaster rubble volume
Wood / wood scrap:
371,000 tons
Mixed garbage:
79,000 tons
Concrete:
404,000 tons
Asphalt:
34,000 tons
Metal:
25,000 tons
Unburnable mixed garbage:
185,000 tons
Total:
1,098,000 tons
(Recycled amt:
1,070,000 tons)
(Incinerated amt:
28,000 tons)
Unit cost of disaster waste processing contracted
by Miyagi Prefecture
(1) Rubble from
destroyed houses and
buildings is divided
on-site into 14
categories.
(2) Primary processing
is performed using
mobile construction
machinery, etc.
(3) Painstaking manual
sorting is used to
ultimately process the
rubble, sorting it into
19 categories.
Project costs Processed amount (1,000 tons) Processing unit
cost (10,000 yen
(millions of
Rubble
Dirt
Total
per ton)
yen)
Kesennuma
Minamisanriku
Ishinomaki
Onagawa
HigashiMatsushima
Shiogama
“Mixed, it's garbage, but separated, it's a resource”
Shichigahama
Tagajo
Industry, academia, government, and residents (a local
construction contractors association, universities such as
Tohoku University, the city of Higashi-Matsushima, and
residents) worked together, preparing in advance to ensure
that every region could achieve the project's goals.
Natori
Iwanuma
Watari
Yamamoto
Total
[Note] Processed amounts are rounded to whole numbers,
so totals may not match.
Source: Kahoku Shimpo (July 6, 2014)
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In the devastation after the Great East Japan Earthquake of
2011, the strong bond between local residents became the
Residents of
saving grace for Higashi Matsushima
Higashi-Matsushima
deployed their civic
power in disaster
Soup runs
Confirmation of missing
persons
Selfassistance
Mutual
assistance
Recovery plan
discussions
Discussions in shelters
Public
assistance
Efforts for developing a decentralized, autonomous community
that had been
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practiced since before the earthquake
Mutual assistance agreement
between city autonomous
organizations
Following the disaster, autonomous
organizations from land and coastal
areas collaborated together
Shelter management by
autonomous organizations
(voluntary disaster
management organizations)
“Collaborative community development”
made great contributions after the
earthquake
Eight autonomous communities in the City
Map of Higashi-Matsushima
Oshio Civic Center
Akai Civic Center
Ono Civic Center
Yamoto Higashi Civic
Center
Omagari Civic Center
Yamoto Nishi Civic
Center
Nobiru Civic Center
Miyato Civic Center
“Higashi-Matsushima Community Development Basic Ordinance”
(Preamble) In order for residents to leverage the region's strengths and
create an attractive and appealing Higashi-Matsushima, this ordinance is
defined based on the principle of community development through
mutual collaboration.
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I. Collective relocation and rebuilding life
1. Preparation of sites for collective relocation with disaster-preventive functions
(1) Collective relocation is underway in seven residential complexes (1,288 households) Completion rate: 23.8%
(2) Five complexes have been completed, to be delivered on June 10, 2014. The remaining two complexes will
be completed in 2015 and 16.
Completed
residential
estates
Yamoto Nishi:
127 plots
Ushiami:
74 plots
Murohama:
22 plots
Tsukihama:
22 plots
Ohama:
15 plots
2. Construction of public housing
(1) A total of 1,010 residential units for disaster victims are under construction.
Single-family
houses
Blocks of
apartments
(2) Already 301 have been completed and delivered. Completion rate: 29.8%
(3) A close consultation with local residents’ bodies such as the relocation board helped
to achieve the 99.9% assigning rate (one residential unit remains unassigned).
II. Urban planning to secure perpetual safety
(collective relocation map)
Households in tsunami-struck areas have been
relocated to one of seven collective relocation sites
inside the City (on high ground away from the coast)
Three keywords
Higashi Yamato
Station Kita
(1) Safe sites for collective relocation
(2) Region “near JR station” that
provides for perpetual safety in 100
years’ time
(3) Site that can accommodate the
entire community and respect the bonds
between local people
Yamoto Nishi
Ushiami
Nobiru
northern
hillside area
Recommended relocation areas Planned land buyout areas
Overall area of approx. 230 hectares
Miyato (Ohama,
Tsukihama, Murohama)
Sites near stations were
selected for collective relocation
III. FutureCity Initiative
Power generation (kW)
FY2014
1. Promotion of green initiatives
FY2013
(1) Preparation of Higashi-Matsushima’s vision for
regional energy policies (2012)
 Having learned the lesson from the earthquake
disaster, we aim for realizing local power generation
and safe, stable energy supply by introducing
renewable energy (e.g. solar power)
(2) Measures to promote renewable energy
 Reinstate the energy-related subsidies
 Execute support schemes for installing solar power,
storage cells, HEMS, cogeneration and so on (approx.
350 cases per year to be realized)
Smart, disaster-resilient eco town
project under the initiative of the
Ministry of the Environment
FY2012
Before the
earthquake
Before the
earthquake
FY2012
FY2013
FY2014
Since the FutureCity registration and commencement of
FIT, the city has been generating nine times more power
than it did before the earthquake.
(3) Higashi-Matsushima Smart, Disaster-resilient Eco
Town Project through special sanction on supply (MOE
model project 2014)
 Installation of independent power-generation facilities
at public housing estates and healthcare facilities in the
area.
 The model project makes it possible to locally
generate more than 50% of the power required in the
event of natural disasters.
 This is the first foray in Japan to operate a system
involving a privately owned grid.
Fifteen 1-bedroom apartments
with LDK (lounge, dining room
and kitchen) (blocks)
Thirty-four 2-bedroom
houses with LDK
Sixteen 3-bedroom
houses with LDK
Twenty 4-bedroom
houses with kitchen
Total: 85 units
IV. Higashi-Matsushima Organization for Progress and Economy,
Education, Energy (HOPE)
Inaugurated in October 2012, jointly by the Municipality,
Social Welfare Council and Chamber of Commerce
An intermediate reconstruction support body
jointly operated in collaboration of industry,
academia, government and residents.
Higashi-Matsushima in the Future
Innovation
Chamber of
Commerce
Citizens of
HigashiMatsushima
Local industries and
commercial operators
Local communities
(citizens)
Information sharing base
Civil life committee
Industry committee
Community and health committee
Energy committee
Purpose
Promoting sustainable FutureCity initiative
Formulating the leading projects based on the
Higashi-Matsushima Recovery Community
Development Plan into businesses
Public
administration
National, prefectural and
municipal governments
Higashi Matsushima City
Reconstruction Policy Section,
Reconstruction Policy
Department
HOPE Administrators
Affiliate
corporations of
HOPE
Corporate members
of HOPE
HOPE has a total of 65 affiliate
members including commercial
firms, research institutes and
NPOs in and outside the city.