Tallest 20 Buildings in the World as of September 2011

Transcription

Council on Tall Buildings a n d Urban Habitat
World’s Tallest
Burj Khalifa
828 m / 2,717 ft
Dubai, 2010
Tallest 20 Buildings in the World as of September 2011
Tall Building Height (CTBUH Criteria Height to Architectural Top): Height is measured from the level1 of the lowest, significant,2 open-air,3 pedestrian4
entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flagpoles or other functional-technical equipment.5
Height to Architectural Top is the most widely utilized measurement and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat rankings of the
“World’s Tallest Buildings.” For a complete listing of all CTBUH Height Criteria and definitions visit: http://criteria.ctbuh.org.
Taipei 101
508 m / 1,667 ft
Taipei, 2004
Willis Tower
442 m / 1,451 ft
Chicago, 1974
Shanghai World Financial Center
492 m / 1,614 ft
Shanghai, 2008
International Commerce Centre
484 m / 1,588 ft
Hong Kong, 2010
Petronas Tower 1
452 m / 1,483 ft
Kuala Lumpur, 1998
Petronas Tower 2
452 m / 1,483 ft
Kuala Lumpur, 1998
Zifeng Tower
450 m / 1,476 ft
Nanjing, 2010
Guangzhou International Finance Center
439 m / 1,439 ft
Guangzhou, 2010
Trump International Hotel & Tower
423 m / 1,389 ft
Chicago, 2009
Empire State Building
381 m / 1,250 ft
New York City, 1931
Two International Finance Centre
412 m / 1,352 ft
Hong Kong, 2003
Jin Mao Building
421 m / 1,380 ft
Shanghai, 1999
CITIC Plaza
390 m / 1,280 ft
Guangzhou, 1996
Central Plaza
374 m / 1,227 ft
Hong Kong, 1992
Shun Hing Square
384 m / 1,260 ft
Shenzhen, 1996
Bank of China Tower
367 m / 1,205 ft
Hong Kong, 1990
Bank of America Tower
366 m / 1,200 ft
New York City, 2009
Almas Tower
360 m / 1,181 ft
Dubai, 2008
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5
5
7
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10
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15
16
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Above: Diagram of the World’s Tallest 20 Buildings as of September 2011. According to the CTBUH Height Criteria of “Height to Architectural Top” (see criteria above).
1 Burj Khalifa
2 Taipei 101
Dubai, UAE
Height: 828 m/2,717 ft
Completion Date: 2010
Building Use: office/residential/hotel
Structural Material: steel/concrete
Total Floors: 163
Owner/Developer: Emaar Properties PJSC
Architect: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP
Associate Architect: Hyder Consulting
Structural Engineer: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP
MEP Engineer: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP
Project Manager: Turner Construction
Main Contractors: Samsung E & C; Arabtec; Besix Group
International
9 Guangzhou
Finance Center
Guangzhou, China
Height: 439m/1,439ft
Building Use: hotel/office
Structural Material: composite
Total Floors: 103
Owner/Developer: Yue Xiu Group
Architect: Wilkinson Eyre
Associate Architect: South China Design Institute
Structural Engineer: Arup
MEP Engineer: Arup
Project Manager: Yue Xiu Group
Main Contractor: China State Construction; Guangzhou
Municipal Construction Group
World Financial
3 Shanghai
Center
Taipei, Taiwan
Building Use: office
Total Floors: 101
Owner/Developer: Taipei Financial Center Corporation
Architect: C.Y. Lee & Partners Architects/Partners
Structural Engineers: Thornton Tomasetti; Evergreen
Engineering
MEP Engineer: Continental Engineering Consultants, Inc.
Main Contractors: Kumagai Gumi; Taiwan Kumagai; RSEA
Engineering; Ta-You-Wei Construction; Samsung E & C
Shanghai, China
Total Floors: 101
Owner/Developer: Mori Building
Architects: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates; Irie Miyake Architects
and Engineers
Structural Engineer: Leslie E. Robertson Associates
MEP Engineer: Kenchiku Setubi Sekkei Kenkyusho
Main Contractors: China State Construction; Shanghai Construction
11 Jin Mao Building
International Hotel &
10 Trump
Tower
Chicago, USA
Building Use: residential/hotel
Structural Material: concrete
Total Floors: 98
Owner/Developer: The Trump Organization
MEP Engineer: WMA Consulting Engineers
Main Contractor: Bovis Lend Lease Inc.
Shanghai, China
Total Floors: 88
Owner/Developer: China Shanghai Foreign Trade Centre
Main Contractor: Shanghai Jin Mao Contractor
4 International Commerce Centre
Hong Kong, China
Total Floors: 108
Owner/Developer: Sun Hung Kai Properties
Architect: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates
Associate Architect: Wong & Ouyang
MEP Engineer: J. Roger Preston Group
Project Manager: Harbour Vantage
Main Contractor: Sanfield Buildihng Contractors Limited
International Finance
12 Two
Centre
Hong Kong, China
Total Floors: 88
Owner/Developers: IFC Development; MTR Corporation
Architects: Cesar Pelli & Associates; Rocco Design
MEP Engineer: J. Roger Preston Group
Main Contractor: E Man-Sanfield JV Construction
Footnotes:
The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, based at the Illinois Institute of
Technology in Chicago, is an international not-for-profit organization supported by
architecture, engineering, planning, development and construction professionals,
designed to facilitate exchanges among those involved in all aspects of the planning,
design, construction and operation of tall buildings.
The CTBUH is the world’s leading body in the field of tall buildings and the recognized
source of information on tall buildings internationally. It is the arbiter of the criteria
upon which tall building height is measured, and thus the title of “The World’s Tallest
Building” determined.
Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
S.R. Crown Hall
Illinois Institute of Technology
3360 South State Street
Chicago IL, 60616, USA
Phone: +1 (312) 567 3487
Fax: +1 (312) 567 3820
Email: [email protected]
http://www.ctbuh.org
Level: finished floor level at threshold of the lowest entrance door.
1
Significant: the entrance should be predominantly above existing or pre-existing grade and permit access to one or more
primary uses in the building via elevators, as opposed to ground floor retail or other uses which solely relate/connect to the
immediately adjacent external environment. Thus entrances via below-grade sunken plazas or similar are not generally
recognized. Also note that access to car park and/or ancillary/support areas are not considered significant entrances.
2
Open-air: the entrance must be located directly off of an external space at that level that is open to air.
3
Pedestrian: refers to common building users or occupants and is intended to exclude service, ancillary, or similar areas.
4
Functional-technical equipment: this is intended to recognize that functional-technical equipment is subject to removal/
addition/change as per prevalent technologies, as is often seen in tall buildings (e.g., antennae, signage, wind turbines, etc.
are periodically added, shortened, lengthened, removed and/or replaced).
5
Highest occupied floor: this is intended to recognize conditioned space which is designed to be safely and legally occupied
by residents, workers or other building users on a consistent basis. It does not include service or mechanical areas which
experience occasional maintenance access, etc.
6
5 Petronas Tower 1
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Total Floors: 88
Owner/Developer: KLCC Property Holdings Berhad
Architect: Cesar Pelli & Associates
Structural Engineers: Thornton Tomasetti; Ranhill Bersekutu
MEP Engineer: WSP Flack + Kurtz
Main Contractors: MMC Engineering & Construction Co.; Ho
Hup Construction Sdn. Bhd.; Hazama Corporation; J.A. Jones
Construction Co.; Mitsubishi Corporation
13 CITIC Plaza
Guangzhou, China
Total Floors: 80
Owner/Developer: China International Trust and Investment
Architect: Dennis Lau & Ng Chun Man Architects & Engineers
Structural Engineer: Maunsell AECOM Group
MEP Engineers: Gammon Construction Limited; Tridant
Engineering Company Limited
Main Contractors: Kumagai Gammon Joint Venture; Hong Kong
Construction (Holdings) Limited
17 Bank of China Tower
Hong Kong, China
Height: 367m/1,205
Total Floors: 72
Owner/Developer: Bank of China Hong Kong/Bank of China
Architect: I.M. Pei & Partners
Associate Architect: Sherman Kung & Associates Architects
Structural Engineers: Leslie E. Robertson Associates; Valentine,
Laurie, and Davis
MEP Engineer: Jaros Baum & Bolles
Project Manager: Sun Chung Building Management
Main Contractors: Kumagai Gumi; Hong Kong Construction
5 Petronas Tower 2
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Total Floors: 88
Owner/Developer: KLCC Property Holdings Berhad
Architect: Cesar Pelli & Associates
Structural Engineers: Thornton Tomasetti; Ranhill Bersekutu
MEP Engineer: WSP Flack + Kurtz
Main Contractors: Samsung E & C; Syarikat Jasatera Sdn. Bhd.;
Kukdong Engineering & Construction
14 Shun Hing Square
Shenzhen, China
Total Floors: 69
Owner/Developer: Karbony Investment
Architects: K.Y. Cheung Design Associates; American Design
Associates
Structural Engineers: Leslie E. Robertson Associates; Maunsell
AECOM Group; Nippon Steel Corp
MEP Engineer: Associated Consulting Engineers
Main Contractors: Kumagai Gumi; Hong Kong Construction
(Holdings) Limited
18 Bank of America Tower
New York City, USA
Total Floors: 55
Owners: One Bryant Park, LLC; Bank of America; Durst
Organization
Developer: Durst Organization
Architect: Cook+Fox Architects
Associate Architect: Adamson Associates
Structural Engineer: Severud Associates
MEP Engineer: Jaros, Baum & Bowles
Main Contractor: Tishman Construction
7 Zifeng Tower
8 Willis Tower
Developer: Nanjing Guzzi Greenland Financial Center
Owner/Developer: Nanjing State Owned Assets
Associate Architect: ECADI
Main Contractor: Shanghai Construction
MEP Engineer: Jaros, Baum & Bowles
Main Contractor: Morse Diesel International
Nanjing, China
Total Floors: 66
15 Empire State Building
New York City, USA
Structural Material: steel
Total Floors: 102
Owner/Developers: John J. Raskob; Alfred E. Smith
Architect: Shreve, Lamb & Harmon
Structural Engineers: H.G. Balcom & Associates; Post and
McCord; Strong & Jones Engineers
Main Contractor: Starrett Brothers and Ekin
19 Almas Tower
Dubai, UAE
Total Floors: 68
Owner/Developer: Nakheel
Architect: WS Atkins
MEP Engineer: ETA M&E
Main Contractor: Taisei Corporation
Chicago, USA
Structural Material: steel
Total Floors: 108
16 Central Plaza
Hong Kong, China
Total Floors: 78
Building Location
Building Use
China
Other Asia
Office
Hotel/Office
Middle East
United States
Office/Residential/Hotel
Residential/Hotel
Owner/Developers: Ryoden Development; Sino Land; Sun Hung
Kai Properties
Architect: Dennis Lau & Ng Chun Man Architects & Engineers
Main Contractor: Manloze Ltd
20 Emirates Tower One
Dubai, UAE
Total Floors: 54
Architect: NORR Architects Engineers Planners
Structural Engineer: Hyder Consulting
MEP Engineer: Donald Smith, Seymour & Rooley
Main Contractors: Besix; Ssangyoung Engineering &
Construction
Structural Material
Composite
Concrete
Steel/Concrete
Steel
Emirates Tower One
355 m / 1,163 ft
Dubai, 2000
20

Tallest 20 Buildings in the World as of September 2011

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