Presentation Slides

Changing Allocation of Time
Martin Brosnan
David Levinson
1
Travel Behavior Over
Time
•
Using Metropolitan Council’s TBI
1990-2010
•
Studying how travel in the Twin Cities Metro
is changing
•
Implications for engineers and planners
2
TBI
3
Filtering/Categorization
Description of constraints
1990
2000
2010
Subtotal
Reasons for dropping records
Gender not recorded
Age >65 or <18
Did not start day at home
Did not end day at home
Trip duration >120
Travel+activity duration >1440
24509
14671
30286
0
7513
975
385
31
63
0
6279
237
209
17
5
45
11992
700
1820
653
91
Missing 1 or more trips
Work-at-home only
Total dropped
Net total
60
20
9047
15462
266
70
7083
7588
535
698
16534
13752
4
TBI Categories
Owen, Schoner, & Levinson, 2013
5
Sample Size Distribution
(Sample size in Parenthesis)
1990 (15462)
2000 (7588)
2010 (13752)
0%
25%
50%
Male Worker
Male Non-Worker
6
75%
100%
Female Worker
Female Non-Worker
5 and 15-min Bias in Data
2010 Travel Times Histogram
8000
Count
6000
4000
2000
0
0
30
60
Travel Time (min)
7
90
120
Activity Duration
Calculation
Person
ID
Origin
Destination
Trip
departure
time
1
Home
Shop
8:30
8:45
15
30
45
1
Shop
Work
9:15
9:30
15
360
420
1
Work
Dining
15:30
15:45
15
105
540
1
Dining
Shop
17:30
17:40
10
20
570
1
Shop
Home
18:00
18:20
10
850
1440
2
Home
Work
8:00
8:20
20
8
Trip
arrival
time
Activity
Duration
Travel time
(min)
Total
360
Time Spent at Home
1200
Male Workers
Female Workers
Male Nonworkers
Female Nonworkers
Minutes
1050
900
Statistical Differences!
None
2010 Different from 2000
2010 Different from 2000 &
2010
2000 Different from 1990
All Years
750
600
1990
2000
Year
9
Time Spent at Work
520
Male
Female
Minutes
505
Statistical Differences!
2010 Different from1990
2010 & 2000 Different from
1990
490
475
460
1990
2000
2010
Year
10
Time Spent Shopping
50
Male Workers
Female Workers
Male Nonworkers
Female Nonworkers
Minutes
37.5
25
12.5
0
1990
2000
2010
Year
11
Statistical Differences!
2010 Different from 2000 &
2000 Different from 1990
2010 Different from 2000 &
1990
All Years
Time Spent Other
260
Male Workers
Female Workers
Male Nonworkers
Female Nonworkers
Minutes
195
130
65
0
1990
2000
2010
Year
12
Statistical Differences!
2010 Different from 2000 &
2000 Different from 1990
All Years
Time Spent Traveling
100
Male Workers
Female Workers
Male Nonworkers
Female Nonworkers
Minutes
92.5
85
Statistical Differences!
All Years
77.5
70
1990
2000
2010
Year
13
Travel Times to Work
40.0
Minutes
36.3
32.5
28.8
25.0
2000
2010
Year
Male
Female
14
Travel Distance to Work
15.0
Km
13.0
11.0
9.0
7.0
2000
2010
Year
Male
Female
15
Travel Times to Shopping
15.0
Minutes
11.3
7.5
3.8
0.0
2000
2010
Year
Female Worker
Female Nonworker
Male Worker
Male Nonworker
16
Travel Distances to Shopping
10.0
Minutes
8.8
7.5
6.3
5.0
2000
2010
Year
Female Worker
Female Nonworker
Male Worker
Male Nonworker
17
Travel Times to Other
40.0
Minutes
32.5
25.0
17.5
10.0
2000
2010
Year
Female Worker
Female Nonworker
Male Worker
Male Nonworker
18
Travel Distances to Other
10.0
Minutes
8.8
7.5
6.3
5.0
2000
2010
Year
Female Worker
Female Nonworker
Male Worker
Male Nonworker
19
What is Causing Changes
•
•
•
•
•
•
Economy
Employment
Gas Prices
Licensing is harder
Culture - Millennials don’t
like cars
!
!
!
20
Technology
•
•
Work at Home
•
Easier to communicate
not in-person
More shopping done
online
Implications
• Fewer reasons to travel = less time devoted to travel
• Trip time getting smaller
• Fewer VMT
21
Questions?
22