California State University, Chico Service Region Profile 2014

Transcription

California State University,
Chico Service Region Profile
2014
Page I
Page I
Acknowledgements
The CED wishes to acknowledge the work of the staff
who produced this profile:
Dave Armstrong, Program Manager
Rosali Delgado, Senior Research Assistant
Erika Ryan, Senior Research Assistant
Kevin Fox, Research Assistant
Wilma Compton, Research Assistant
Marco Torres, Research Assistant
Meagan Weaver, Research Assistant
Russell Moeai, Research Assistant
Matt Staggs, Research Assistant
Dan Ripke, CED Director
Sandy Linville PhD, CED Assistant Director
Michael Suplita, Project Manager
J. Joshua Brown, CED IT Project Manager
Andria Gilbert, CED Administrative Manager
Layout Design by Dave Armstrong and Rosali Delgado
Special Thanks to Anthony Dunn Photography,
CalFresh Outreach/SNAP Education, and the CSU,
Chico University Photo Catalog for providing regional photography. Front and back covers courtesy of
University Photo Catelog. Other photo credits found
in appendex.
Copyright © 2014 by the Center for Economic
Development, CSU, Chico Research Foundation. All
rights reserved.
This report or any part thereof may not be reproduced
without the written permission of the Center for
Economic Development or the CSU, Chico Research
Foundation.
The CED is funded in part by the U.S. Department of
Commerce, Economic Development Administration
(EDA), and the Small Business Administration (SBA).
Anthony Dunn Photography
Center for Economic Development
California State University, Chico
Chico, CA 95929-0765
Office: (530) 898-4598
Fax: (530) 898-4734
www.cedcal.com
Page I
Introduction
The Center for Economic Development, under the
University Research Foundation, has developed
the 2014 University Service Region Profile for
the twelve Northern California counties served by
Caliornia State University, Chico.
students from 47 nations, 36 states and 2 U.S. territories. However, the majority of students are state
residents with 95 percent of enrolled students registered Californians. Additionally, 32.7 percent of
enrolled students come from CSU, Chico’s service
region and 21.2 percent come from Northern California; over one-half of all students. The importance
of which, is that this provides an opportunity for
graduates to bring their education and experience
back to their local areas and become valuable members of the community.
The twelve county CSU, Chico service region is a
diverse region geographically, economically, and
culturally. Defined by the twelve counties of Butte,
Colusa, Glenn, Lassen, Modoc, Plumas, Shasta,
Siskiyou, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, and Yuba, this
region plays a vital role in California’s economy
with its agriculture products, manufacturing, timber
resources, and recreation opportunities.
In addition to conferring degrees, California State
University, Chico plays an important economic
role by providing jobs and income for its residents,
techical assistance, and community outreach, as
well as serving as a regional arts and cultural center.
It also provides a place where community residents
receive a quality, affordable education while remaining in Northern California.
This document provides a socio-economic overview
of the CSU, Chico twelve county region, and acts
as a bridge to connect the University with the surrounding community of Northern California.
A high priority of California State University, Chico
is to affirm the role of the university as the anchor
institution of the region, strengthening links to
organizations and communities within Northern
California. This is accomplished through supporting
and expanding internships, education, and service
programs for students and community members.
Because it may not be clear on how to best serve the
local community, this profile was designed to be a
quick guide in understanding the demographics, social issues, economics and uniqueness of the twelve
county CSU, Chico service region.
California State University, Chico
In the last 127 years, Northern California has
changed dramatically, along with California State
University, Chico. Founded in 1887 as Chico Normal School, CSU, Chico has consistently adapted
and evolved with culture and technology as time has
passed. CSU, Chico’s enrollment has grown from
90 to more than 17,000 students as of fall 2013.
Today, the university offers 38 Bachelor of Arts programs, 31 Bachelor of Science programs, 15 Master
of Arts programs, 13 Master of Science programs,
and 44 Certificate and Credential programs.
California State University, Chico students hail
from many places. In 2013, the university accepted
Page II
California State University, Chico 12-County Service Region
Modoc
Yreka
Siskiyou
Trinity National
Forest
Weaverville
Shasta
Trinity
Redding
Alturas
Lassen
Lassen National
Forest
Susanville
Tehama
Glenn
Colusa
Red Bluff
California State
University, Chico
Butte
Willows
Oroville
Yuba
Colusa
Yuba City
Marysville
Sutter
Page IV
Plumas National
Forest
Quincy
Plumas
Table of Contents
Academia�� 1
Student Race/Ethnicity
Students by Gender
Average SAT Scores
Most Popular Degrees
3
4
5
6
Demographics�� 7
Population
Components of Population Change
Population by Race and Ethnicity
Population by Educational Attainment
Population Density
Local Tribes by County
8
9
11
12
13
14
Bidwell Park
State/National Parks
State and National Parks Map
Climate Data
Air Quality
Lakes and Reservoirs
16
17
18
19
20
21
Harvested Acreage
Top Crops
Value of Agriculture
Government Farm Payments
23
24
26
28
Labor Markets
Income per Capita
Median Household Income
Tourism
Taxable Sales
Jobs by Industry
Home Values
31
34
36
38
39
40
41
Environment��15
Agriculture��22
Economics��29
Births and Deaths
43
Teenage Pregnancy
45
Poverty46
Alcohol and Drugs
48
Social Programs
49
Education51
About the CED��54
University Photo Catalog
Social Indicators��42
Page IV
Quick Facts
California State University, Chico (2013)
Founded:
President:
Student/Faculty Ratio:
Avergage Undergraduate Class Size:
Campus Acreage:
Total General Fund Budget,
including Revenue:
Service Counties (12):
Total Number of Students (Fall 2013)
Number of Graduates (2013-2014)
School Mascot:
School Colors:
Alumni/ae:
1887
Paul. J. Zingg
23.6: 1
30
Main Campus 119 acres:
University Farm 800 acres;
Ecological Reserves 2,330
acres
$181,037,250
Butte, Colusa, Glenn,
Lassen, Modoc, Plumas,
Shasta, Siskiyou, Sutter,
Tehama, Trinity, Yuba
16,356
3,415
Wildcat
Cardinal and White
134,761
Page V
Academia
Academia
Academia indicators describe the characteristics of the CSU, Chico campus and
its students. The culture and mindscape
of the school is in a constant state of
motion; adapting and reinventing itself
to best serve the young minds that pass
through its halls.
Founded in 1887, California State University, Chico is second only to San Jose
State as the oldest California State University. The school began as a Normal
School for the education and training of
teachers. Today CSU, Chico has 7 colleges, 5 schools, and 28 centers, offering
159 Bachelor’s degrees, 51 Master’s degrees, and 4 teaching credentials. In June
of 2009, CSU, Chico renewed their WASC
accreditation.
This section includes class standing, student race and ethnicity, student gender
ratios, average SAT scores for the service
region, and most popular degrees earned.
Class standing looks at the population of
the student body by standing: Freshman
status requires 0-29 units, Sophomore
status requires 30-59 units, Junior status
requires 60-89 units and Senior status
requires 90 plus units.
Race and Ethnicity statistics are shown
over time to show how the racial and ethnic makeup of the university is changing.
The SAT section was added to show the
potential CSU, Chico students in the service region that may attend the university
in the future.
The last section reveals which colleges/
programs have been the most popular
over the last ten years.
Page 1
Student Class Standing
Overview
Currently CSU, Chico has a total of 16,356 enrolled students, of which 93.3 percent are undergraduates. At its peak in 2008, the school enrolled
17,132 students. Since that time enrollment has
fallen 4.5 percent. The drop in total enrollment
stems from a drop in the Freshman and Sophomore class between 2008 and 2010.
Post-baccalaureate enrollees show a long-term
trend of declination from 2004 to 2013. In 2004,
graduate students tallied 1,499. Now they stand at
1,091, a decrease of 27.2 percent.
17,500
17,000
16,500
16,000
15,500
15,000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
Freshman
Sophomores
Juniors
2,000
1,000
Seniors
Postbaccalaureate
0
CSUC Students by Class Standing, 2004-2013
Freshman Sophomores Juniors Seniors Postbaccalaureate Total
2004
3,406
1,861 4,090 4,878
1,499 15,734
2005
3,676
2,145 3,690 4,936
1,472 15,919
2006
3,928
2,302 3,582 5,014
1,424 16,250
2007
4,306
2,488 3,715 5,018
1,507 17,034
2008
4,323
2,443 3,687 5,239
1,440 17,132
2009
3,903
2,388 3,852 5,366
1,425 16,934
2010
3,148
2,291 3,751 5,499
1,300 15,989
2011
3,319
2,157 3,703 5,549
1,192 15,920
2012
3,931
1,974 3,847 5,535
1,183 16,470
2013
3,730
2,320 3,745 5,470
1,091 16,356
Source: California State University, Chico
Page 2
Academia
Overview
Diversity is a part of CSU, Chico’s mission statement and vision. The Office of Diversity and Inclusion’s mission statement is as follows: “The ODI is committed to cultivating a culturally inclusive environment where
diversity of thought and expression are valued, respected, appreciated, and celebrated.” In keeping with
that statement, the data shows that enrollment of minorities have increased in the last ten years, namely,
the students of Hispanic ethnicity. Hispanics and Latinos have made more headway than any other race or
ethnicity and their enrollment more than doubled since 2004.
CSUC Students by Race/Ethnicity, 2004-2013
0.0%
2004
20.0%
40.0%
60.0%
80.0%
100.0%
White
2005
2006
Hispanic/Latino
2007
2008
2009
Asian/Pacific Islander
Black/African American
2010
2011
American Indian
2012
2013
The next largest increase was from students of Asian descent, which now make
up 5.5 percent of the student body. Black/
African Americans have remained steady
for the last ten years and make up 1.8
percent of the students. Native Hawaiians,
American Indians, and White have all decreased over the last ten years.
As of 2013, American Indians make up 0.6
percent of the student body, Asians make
up 5.5 percent, Black/African American
1.8 percent, Hispanic/Latino 22.1 percent,
Native Hawaiians 0.1 percent, White 52.4
percent, two or more races/ethnicities 4.8
percent, and 8.7 percent declined to state.
Other/Declined to State
Page 3
Students by Gender
In the last decade the ratio
of female to male students has
approached 50/50. Traditionally,
women have made up the majority
of the student body. Currently the
ratio stands at 53 percent female
and 47 percent male.
CSUC Students by Gender, 2004-2013
Female
Male
#
%
#
%
2004
8,604
54.7%
7,130
2005
8,617
54.1%
7,302
2006
8,729
53.7%
7,521
2007
9,065
53.2%
7,969
2008
9,022
52.7%
8,110
2009
8,870
52.4%
8,064
2010
8,390
52.5%
7,599
2011
8,328
52.3%
7,592
2012
8,735
53.0%
7,735
2013
8,671
53.0%
7,685
Total
#
45.3%
45.9%
46.3%
46.8%
47.3%
47.6%
47.5%
47.7%
47.0%
47.0%
60.0%
15,734
15,919
16,250
17,034
17,132
16,934
15,990
15,920
16,470
16,356
Source: California State University, Chico
Page 4
50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
0.0%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Female
Male
Academia
Average SAT Scores
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Average SAT Scores, 2011-2012
County
% Tested Total Mean
Butte
26.7%
1,548
Colusa
28.3%
1,360
Glenn
21.5%
1,256
Shasta
22.2%
1,450
Sutter
28.2%
1,429
Tehama
22.0%
1,422
Yuba
20.3%
1,387
Valley Region
24.2%
1,407
Lassen
16.6%
1,348
Modoc
33.0%
1,368
Plumas
40.9%
1,371
Siskiyou
26.5%
1,337
Trinity
41.0%
1,506
Mountain Region
31.6%
1,386
12-County Region
24.8%
1,446
California
39.3%
1,484
Source: California Department of Education
Overview
The SAT is designed to measure verbal and
mathematical reasoning abilities that are related
to successful performance in college, according
to the California Department of Education. Academic, demographic, and socioeconomic factors
can affect the results of the test scores.
Students are required to take the test only if
they plan on attending a college that requires
it for admission. This is the primary reason the
SAT is not an accurate measure of the effectiveness of school curriculum or teaching. If a small
percentage of students from a school take the
test, then the average score could reflect selective testing; a school may encourage only those
students who are identified as high achievers
to participate. For this reason, the percentage
of students who took the exam is provided. The
highest possible score a student can receive is
2400.
Mountain Region
Trinity County has the highest participation rate
and highest average SAT score in the service region, 41 percent and 1,506 respectfully. Plumas
County follows next with 40.9 tested and an
average SAT score of 1,371.
Valley Region
Butte County has the highest average SAT
scores in the region with 1,548 and the third
highest percent of students taking the SAT.
12-County Service Region
There is a much lower percent of students in the
service region taking the SAT than in the state.
While a quarter of North State students take the
SAT, nearly 40 percent in California take it.
Page 5
Art
Business Administration
Communication Design
Communication Studies (BA)
Communication Studies (MA)
Construction Management
Criminal Justice
English
Exercise Physiology
Health Science
History
Journalism
Liberal Studies
Nursing (No RN)
Political Science
Psychology
Recreation Administration
Social Science
Awarded for CSUC,
2004-2013
0
1,000
2,000
Page 6
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Demographics
Demographic indicators describe the
characteristics of human populations and
population segments. Knowledge about
age, ethnic, and cultural aspects of the
population is useful for most disciplines.
For businesses and entrepreneurs, demographics are used in marketing and
determining consumer spending patterns
and preferences. This approach, known
as market segmentation, is a powerful
method for businesses to determine the
market for a particular good or service.
graphics are used extensively for measuring the social health of the region and
identifying disparities.
In this section, we look at some basic
demographic information for the service
region as a whole and the sub-regions of
mountain and valley counties. In addition, we also highlight the many American Indian Rancherias/Reservations
located in the CSU, Chico service region.
806,000
Demographics also play a key role in
political, social, and health sciences.
Political districts are drawn by population and public officials must know the
demographics of their region in order to
properly represent them.
804,000
802,000
800,000
798,000
796,000
794,000
792,000
790,000
788,000
In social and health sciences, demo-
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Population 793,658 796,937 800,259 800,531 800,943 802,355 804,411
Page 7
Population
Overview
Total population is the number of people who
consider the area their primary residence. It
does not include persons residing here less than
half the year, or persons who are here temporarily, only for work (unless they consider this
area their primary residence).
Mountain Region
The total population for the mountain counties has steadily declined since 2008. Migration
away from these counties and natural decreases
in birth/death rates are the key drivers why the
population has decreased.
Valley Region
Total population for the valley counties has
shown constant growth since 2008. All counties have natural increases, but some have had
negative net migration.
From 2008 to 2014 the total population for the CSU, Chico service region increased by 1.4 percent. Because more than 85 percent of the population resides in the valley counties, the decrease in the mountain
region populations didn’t affect the overall population growth from the service area.
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Population by County, 2008-2014
County
2008
Butte
217,801
Colusa
21,145
Glenn
28,066
Shasta
176,240
Sutter
92,983
Tehama
62,365
Yuba
70,820
Valley Region
669,420
Lassen
35,437
Modoc
9,607
Plumas
20,483
Siskiyou
44,952
Trinity
13,759
Mountain Region
124,238
12-County Region
793,658
California
36,547,713
2009
218,887
21,221
28,088
176,756
93,918
62,921
71,609
673,400
34,947
9,628
20,216
44,996
13,750
123,537
796,937
36,813,168
2010
219,967
21,380
28,120
177,248
94,765
63,418
72,083
676,981
34,794
9,666
20,045
44,962
13,811
123,278
800,259
37,073,375
Source: California Department of Finance, Demographic Research Unit
* Estimates as of June 1st
Page 8
2011
220,465
21,552
28,105
177,516
94,620
62,985
72,316
677,559
34,895
9,599
19,901
44,839
13,738
122,972
800,531
37,285,505
2012
220,252
21,597
28,226
178,107
95,120
63,430
72,642
679,374
34,040
9,550
19,696
44,812
13,471
121,569
800,943
37,536,156
2013
221,127
21,636
28,238
178,953
95,302
63,522
73,278
682,056
33,177
9,377
19,389
44,965
13,391
120,299
802,355
37,866,144
2014
222,316
21,660
28,353
179,412
95,733
63,717
73,682
684,873
32,581
9,197
19,140
45,231
13,389
119,538
804,411
38,340,074
Demographics
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
In-Migrants
2,000
Out-Migrants
1,000
-
Valley
Region
Mountain
Region
12-County
Region
In-Migrants
5,074
456
5,530
Out-Migrants
5,327
560
5,887
Mountain Region
The mountain region has a negative natural rate
of change in the population. This is generally
due to the age distribution weighted towards
the elderly.
Components of Population Change, 12-County Region
12
-C
o
un
ty
Re
gio
n
County
Births
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
10,422
10,076
9,889
9,764
9,665
9,634
Natural Net
Total
Deaths Increase Migration Change
7,896
2,526
1,955
4,481
7,349
2,727
(649)
2,078
7,355
2,534
641
3,175
7,772
1,992
(989)
1,003
7,791
1,874
(1,575)
299
7,807
1,827
1,168
2,995
Source: California Department of Public Health and California
Department of Finance, Demographic Research Unit
5,000
4,500
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
Net Migration
Natural Increase
500
2008
2009
2010
2011
Overview
The California Department of Finance does annual estimates on how births, deaths, and net
migration influence annual population change
at the county level. The number of births and
deaths are recorded by the California Department of Public Health. Births minus deaths
equal the natural rate of change. The remaining
change in population is due to net migration.
Net migration is in-migration minus out-migration. In- and out-migration are not independently estimated by the Department of Finance.
2012
2013
Page 9
Valley Region
The drivers of population growth in the valley
vary by county. Yuba and Sutter County have
natural increases, causing their populations to
grow, while Shasta and Butte are more dependent on in-migration.
Natural population increases in the region have
been declining since 2009 and net migration
shows a high level of variance. But overall, net
migration has been trending downward.
Population by Age
Overview
The next two graphs show the age breakdowns
by region and by sub-regions.
25.0%
Valley Region
Mountain Region
The mountain region is skewed towards an older
population more so than the valley region.
20.0%
Valley Region
People under 25 make up a larger percent of
the population for the valley region than the
mountain region.
10.0%
Mountain
Region
15.0%
California
5.0%
25 to 39
years
40 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 to 74
years
75 to 84
years
85 years
and over
350,000
300,000
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
-
18 to 24
years
Comparing the service region with the state we
notice that the state has a higher percentage
of the population under 39 years old than the
twelve county region. This highlights a trend of
young adults moving out the area to large cities
seeking employment and higher wages.
5 to 17
years
Under 5
years
0.0%
Under
5
5 to 17
18 to
24
25 to
39
40 to
54
55 to
64
65 to
74
75 to
84
85+
12-County Region 101,238 273,202 169,122 284,040 320,036 212,316 131,562 76,334 32,936
Page 10
Demographics
Overview
While sometimes difficult to classify, race and
ethnicity of a population is self-determined,
meaning that individuals identify their own race
or ethnicity in the census. There are seven major race/ethnicity categories: American Indian,
Asian, Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino,
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, White, and
other. Hispanic is an ethnic classification. Some
people who consider themselves Hispanic do not
consider themselves to be members of one of
the specific race categories, and therefore classify themselves as “other.”
Mountain Region
The mountain region has a higher percent of
their population who are White, Black, and
American Indian than the Valley Region.
Valley Region
The valley region has a greater percent of their
population that are Hispanic than the mountain
region.
White alone
Hispanic or Latino
70%
American Indian alone
18%
Black or African American alone
3%
Asian alone
5%
2%
Native Hawaiian and Pacific
Islander
2%
0%
Other/Multiple
White alone
39%
Hispanic or Latino
6%
39%
13%
3%
0%
American Indian alone
Black or African American alone
Asian alone
Native Hawaiian and Pacific
Islander
0%
Other/Multiple
Page 11
Other than the White population, many race/
ethnicities are underrepresented in the service
area. Asians make up 13.5 percent of the state
population and only 4.6 percent for the region.
Hispanics account for 38.5 percent of the state
population and only 18.4 percent for the twelve
county region. Conversely, the Native American people make up a greater proportion of the
populace, 1.6 percent for the region compared
to 0.3 percent for the state.
Overview
Educational attainment is the highest level of education attained by individuals living in the region. The
American Community Survey collects data on educational attainment and produces estimates annually for
counties with more than 65,000 people, three-year estimates for counties larger than 20,000, and fiveyear estimates for remaining population levels.
Mountain Region
A higher percentage of mountain region residents have a Bachelor’s degree or higher than the valley region.
Valley Region
Adults with some college, but no degree, make up a larger population segment in the valley than the
mountain region.
Higher education degrees are less prevalent in the twelve county service region than the state. However,
the region has higher percentage of high school graduates and residents with some college. This may reinforce the idea that the blue collar economy is the cornerstone of the region.
35.0%
30.0%
25.0%
20.0%
15.0%
10.0%
5.0%
0.0%
Valley Region
Mountain Region
35.0%
30.0%
25.0%
20.0%
15.0%
10.0%
5.0%
0.0%
Graduate or
professional degree
Bachelor's degree
Associate's degree
Some college, no
degree
High school
graduate or
equivalent
9th to 12th grade,
no diploma
Less than 9th grade
12-County Region
Page 12
Graduate or
professional degree
Bachelor's degree
Associate's degree
Some college, no
degree
High school
graduate or
equivalent
9th to 12th grade,
no diploma
Less than 9th grade
12-County Region
California
Demographics
Population Density
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Land Area and Population Density, 2013
Land area
Total
Population density
County
(sq. miles) population (per sq. mile)
Butte
1,639.5
221,485
135.1
Colusa
1,150.7
21,674
18.8
Glenn
1,314.8
28,349
21.6
Shasta
3,785.2
178,601
47.2
Sutter
602.5
95,851
159.1
Tehama
2,951.0
63,772
21.6
Yuba
630.7
73,439
116.4
Valley Region
12,074.4
683,171
74.3
4,557.3
33,422
7.3
Lassen
Modoc
3,944.1
9,522
2.4
Plumas
2,553.7
19,643
7.7
Siskiyou
6,286.8
44,796
7.1
Trinity
3,178.6
13,443
4.2
Mountain Region
20,520.5
120,826
5.8
12-County Region
32,594.9
803,997
45.7
California
155,959.7
37,966,471
243.4
300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
Population Density per
Square Mile
Source: California Department of Finance
Page 13
Valley
Region
Mountain
Region
12-County
Region
California
74.3
5.8
45.7
243.4
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Tribes by County
County
Butte
Butte
Butte
Butte
Butte
Colusa
Colusa
Glenn
Shasta
Shasta
Shasta
Shasta
Sutter
Tehama
Yuba
Valley Region
Lassen
Modoc
Modoc
Modoc
Modoc
Modoc
Plumas
Siskiyou
Siskiyou
Trinity
Mountain Region
12-County Region
California
Tribe Name
Berry Creek Rancheria
Mechoopda Indian Tribe
Enterprise Rancheria
Konkow Valley Band of Maidu
Mooretown Rancheria
Colusa Rancheria
Cortina Rancheria
Grindstone Rancheria
Redding Rancheria
Winnemem Wintu Tribe
Big Bend Rancheria (Pit River Tribe)
Montgomery Creek Rancheria
Paskenta Band of Nomlaki Indians
13
Susanville Indian Rancheria
Alturas Rancheria
Cedarville Rancheria
Fort Bidwell Indian Community
Likely Rancheria
Lookout Rancheria
Greenville Rancheria of Maidu Indians
Quartz Valley Indian Reservation
Karuk Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land
9
22
60
Source: American Community Survey
Page 14
Environment
The service region counties are home to
many different types of environments
and ecosystems. The variety in environments is due to the diversity of flora, fauna, and climates found in California and
the sheer size of the service region. The
service region is large. It covers 32,520
square miles of land and 785 square
miles of lakes and waterways. To put
this in perspective, the region is larger
than Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, and New Hampshire
combined.
The service region has two distinct types
of geography; the flat Sacramento Valley and the rugged mountain ranges
that ring the valley. The fertile northern
Sacramento Valley is primarily used for
agriculture and is a major identity for the
service region economically and cultural-
ly. Because of the central role agriculture
plays in the service region, it has its own
section.
The mountain region is comprised of four
major ranges; the Northern Coast Range,
Klamath Mountains, Cascades, and the
northern Sierra Nevada Range. The highest point in this region is Mount Shasta,
jutting 14,180 feet from the Cascade
Range.
The twelve county service area has an
abundance of recreational and sporting
activities. There are 79 lakes/reservoirs,
21 state parks and 11 national parks fully
or partially within the boundaries of the
region. Major recreational activities include hunting, fishing, backpacking, skiing/snowboarding, camping, water skiing, disc golf, boating, and rafting.
Page 15
Bidwell Park
Bidwell Park
Location: Chico, CA
Founded: July 10, 1905 through the donation from Annie Bidwell (widow of
John Bidwell, founder of Chico)
Park Size: 3,670 acres; approximately 2,500 acres were donated, and
approximately 1,200 acres were bought by the City of Chico
 Third largest municipal park in California
 One of the 25 largest city parks in the U.S.
 Points of interest include: various pools and playgrounds, a lake, various
swimming holes, a dam, and a golf course
 Community Jewel
Page 16
Environment
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
Acres
Valley Region
Mountain Region
12-County Region
43,726
4,427
48,153
8,000,000
7,000,000
6,000,000
5,000,000
4,000,000
3,000,000
2,000,000
1,000,000
NFS Acreage
Valley Region
Mountain
Region
12-County
Region
1,592,737
5,638,897
7,231,634
State parks dominate the valley counties and National
parks cover large swaths of the mountain counties.
Below is a list of state and federal parks and a map of
parks can be found on the next page.
State Parks
Cache Creek Canyon Park
Etna City Park
McArthur-Burney Falls SP
Ahjumawi Lava Springs SP
Castle Crags State Park
Jensen Park
Lake Oroville State Recreation Area
Vinsonhaler Park
Bidwell-Sacramento River SP
Colusa-Sacramento River State Recreation Area
Woodson Bridge State Recreation Area
Black Butte Lake
Anderson River Park
John R Trainor Park
Volonte Park
Shasta State Historic Park
William B Ide Adobe State Historical Park
Cedar Drive
Bidwell Park
Bidwell Mansion State Historic Park
Page 17
National Parks
Klamath National Forest
Lassen National Forest
Lassen Volcanic Natl Park
Lava Beds Natl Mon
Mendocino National Forest
Plumas National Forest
Siskiyou National Forest
Six Rivers National Forest
Toiyabe National Forest
Trinity National Forest
Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity National Recreation Area
State and National Parks Map
National and State Parks
Six Rivers
National Forest
Lava Beds
National Monument
Modoc
Siskiyou
Shasta
Trinity National
Forest
Shasta-Trinity National
Recreation Area
Lassen
Lassen National
Forest
Trinity
Six Rivers
National Forest
Tehama
Plumas
Plumas National
Forest
Mendocino
National Forest
Glenn
Colusa
Butte
Sutter
12-County Service Area
Counties
National Parks and Forests
State Parks and Forests
Page 18
Toiyabe
National
Forest
Yuba
Environment
Climate Data
93
100
80
60
40
50
55
30
20
0
January
July
Minimum Temp.
70
Maximum Temp.
61
60
50
50
38
40
25
30
20
10
0
Valley Region
Mountain Region
Average January Minimum Temp. (deg.)
Average July Minimum Temp. (deg.)
120
96
100
91
80
60
56
45
40
20
0
Valley Region
Mountain Region
Average January Maximum Temp. (deg.)
Average July Maximum Temp. (deg.)
Page 19
Air Quality
Overview
Air quality is the general term used to describe
various aspects of the air that plant, animal,
and human populations are exposed to in their
daily lives. There are four main contaminants
that decrease air quality: particulates (PM10
and PM 2.5), tropospheric ozone (O3), carbon
monoxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOX).
Air quality is reported by the California Air
Resources Board. The data is reported by site
which is grouped into counties and air basins.
Air quality standards are set at both state and
federal levels. Here, the California 8-hr ozone
standard is used as the indicator for air quality
and is reported by the California Air Resources
Board.
Standards for air pollutants are established to
protect human health, avoid damage to sensitive vegetation, and preserve aesthetic values.
If a region exceeds one or more standards of
the four pollutants described above, there could
be a potential limit to the type of new industrial
facilities that can be built in an area and more
restrictions on existing operations. As industry,
agricultural production, and traffic continues to
increase across the service region, air quality
may decrease if certain actions or policies are
not in place. Air quality affects all populations,
especially the young, the elderly, and those with
heart or lung problems. Ultimately, high levels
of pollutants will also see an increased need for
health services. Air quality can be an important
factor in determining where people are willing,
or able, to live as well.
Mountain Region
The mountain region has fewer days of ozone
pollution, but higher amounts of particulate
matter than the valley region.
12-County Region
Mountain Region
Valley Region
0
5
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Standards
15
20
25
Valley Region
Mountain
Region
12-County
Region
23
1
24
Days Above State 8 hour
Ozone Average (ppm)
County
Butte
Colusa
Glenn
Shasta
Sutter
Tehama
Yuba
Valley Region
Lassen
Modoc
Plumas
Siskiyou
Trinity
Mountain Region
12-County Region
10
Days Above State 8
hour Ozone Average
(ppm)
Days Above National
PM2.5 Average
8
0
1
3
3
8
N/A
23
N/A
N/A
0*
1
0
1
24
(California) 0.070 ppm
30
2
0
0
0
0
0
N/A
2
N/A
N/A
9*
12
0
12
14
(National) 35 µg/m3
Source: California Air Resource Board
*2011 data (Newest for that County)
Most of the Mountain Region Counties stop monitoring after 2011 and some earlier
Valley Region
The valley region had 23 days over the 8 hour ozone average for the state. PM2.5 average was better with only
2 days worse than the average. It should also be noted that most of the valley counties ozone exceedances occur in their mountainous areas not in their valley topography.
There is a definite distinction between the two regions. The valley airshed suffers more from ozone pollution,
while the mountain airshed has more particulate matter. Higher population densities and use of fossil fuels are
the most likely reasons for higher ozone pollution rates in the valley air basin.
Particulate matter occurs naturally, like ozone, but is also caused by forest fires, volcanic ash and wood burning
stoves. This may be the cause of higher days above the national PM2.5 average for the mountain air basins.
Page 20
Environment
Lakes by County, Mountain Region
County
Lake
Butte Lake
Dodge Reservoir
Eagle Lake
Hog Flat Reservoir
Honey Lake
Juniper Lake
Lassen
Lake Leavitt
McCoy Flat Reservoir
Moon Lake
Mountain Meadows Reservoir
Snag Lake
West Valley Reservoir
Big Sage reservoir
Clear Lake Reservoir
Dorris Reservoir
Modoc
Goose Lake
Raker and Thomas Reservoirs
Tule Lake
West Valley Reservoir
Antelope Lake
Bucks Lake
Butt Valley Reservoir
Fowler Lake
Frenchman Lake
Plumas
Juniper Lake
Lake Almanor
Lake Davis
Little Grass Valley Reservoir
Murphy Lake
Lake Shastina
Castle Lake
Copco Lake
Deep Lake
Indian Tom Lake
Iron Gate Reservoir
Kangaroo Lake
Siskiyou
Lake McCloud
Lake Siskiyou
Lower Klamath Lake
Meiss Lake
Statue Lake
Tule Lake
Ukonom Lake
Emerald Lake
Lewiston Lake
Trinity
Ruth Reservoir
Sapphire Lake
Trinity Lake
Mountain Region 48 Lakes
12-County Region 79 Lakes
Lakes by County, Valley Region
County
Lake
Lake Oroville
Sly Creek Reservoir
Butte
Thermalito Afterbay
Thermalito Forebay
Colusa
East Park Reservoir
Black Butte Lake
Glenn
Stony Gorge Reservoir
Baker Lake
Lake Britton
Emerald Lake
Lake Helen
Horseshoe Lake
Iron Canyon Reservoir
Manzanita Lake
Shasta
Mary Lake
Lake McCloud
Pit Six Reservoir
Pit Seven Reservoir
Lake Shasta
Spring Creek Reservoir
Summit Lake
Whiskeytown Lake
Sutter
Murphy Lake
Black Butte Lake
Tehama
Square Lake
Camp Far West Reservoir
Collins Lake
Yuba
Ellis Lake
Englebright Lake
New Bullards Bar Reservoir
Valley Region
31 Lakes
12-County Region 79 Lakes
Page 21
Agriculture
The CSU, Chico service region depends
heavily on its natural resources to generate
revenue from outside the region and there
is no better example of this than agriculture.
Agriculture is a base industry for northern
California and provides the region with valuable income and employment.
Flanked around the Sacramento River,
the valley counties are home to fertile
soils and a diverse range of crops and
livestock. Rice, walnuts, almonds, hay,
dairy, and cattle are just some of the agriculture enterprises found in the northern
Sacramento Valley.
However, agricultural employment often
depends upon the crops planted. The growing seasons in the 12-county service region
may range from six to nine months, resulting in a recurring period of high unemployment. Additionally, agricultural employment
is dependent on year-to-year fluctuations in
the quantity and value of agricultural production, which itself is influenced by weather
conditions and world market/production,
and therefore creates a highly unstable employment base for many communities.
High in the mountains, agriculture efforts
adapt to the climate and soil profiles of
the area. Hay, wheat, potatoes, livestock,
vegetables and plant nurseries make up
the top operations.
Page 22
Approximately 3.5 million acres of land
is in agriculture production in the valley region and 3 million in the mountain
region. The valley counties host 8,045
farms while the mountain counties host
3,794.
Agriculture
Harvested Acreage
Overview
This indicator reports agricultural land in production every year.
Harvested acreage of agricultural land is reported by the County
Agricultural Commissioner to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Unfortunately, there is no consistent methodology for estimating
harvested acreage from county to county, or from year to year,
commissioners are required to base their estimate on a local survey, which makes these figures the most reliable, consistent, and
continuous measure available.
Agriculture is often a dominant land use in rural landscapes. In
addition to being a major economic engine, agriculture has become a major social factor (a source of community and regional
identity) as well as an environmental factor (productive land must
be sustainably maintained). The amount of land in agricultural
production can be affected by annual water availability and longterm urban land conversion.
The total amount of harvested acreage for the mountain and valley counties is close to 6.5 million acres. Interestingly there is a
slim margin between the mountain and valley regions amount of
harvested acreage. The answer to why this is the case is not that
there are a lot of planted crops in the mountain counties, but because rangeland is counted as harvested acreage.
7,000,000
6,000,000
5,000,000
4,000,000
3,000,000
2,000,000
1,000,000
Total Acres Harvested
Valley
Region
Mountain
Region
12-County
Region
3,493,685
2,961,849
6,455,534
Page 23
Top Crops
Walnuts, rice, and
hay are the top crops
in terms of value for
the valley counties.
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Strawberries, hay, alfalfa, cattle, and firewood are the highest
valued crops in the
mountain counties.
Top Crops by County, 2012
County
Top Crop Production
2012 Value
Walnuts, English
$234,540,000
Butte
Colusa
Rice, Milling
$245,111,000
Glenn
Rice, Milling
$145,551,000
Hay, Other, Unspecified
$17,111,000
Shasta
Sutter
Rice, Milling
$163,388,000
Tehama
Walnuts, English
$103,415,000
Yuba
Rice, Milling
$59,476,000
Valley Region
Rice, Milling
$765,738,000
Lassen
Hay, Other, Unspecified
$22,003,000
Modoc
Hay, Alfalfa
$36,464,000
Plumas
Cattle, Stockers, Feeders
$14,244,000
Siskiyou
Nursery Plants, Strawberry
$151,808,000
Trinity
Forest Products, Firewood
$4,989,000
Mountain Region
Nursery Plants, Strawberry
$151,808,000
12-County Region
Rice, Milling
$765,738,000
Source: California Agricultural Statistics Service, California Department of Finance
Page 24
Agriculture
Plums, Dried,
$156,760,000
Milk, Market,
Fluid, $91,613,000
Olives,
$84,021,000
Almonds, All,
$509,635,000
Cattle & Calves,
Unspecified,
$79,740,000
Walnuts, English,
$673,684,000
Rice, Milling ,
$765,738,000
Rice, Seed, $
639,140,200
Tomatoes,
Processing,
$62,806,000
Peaches,
Clingstone ,
$63,525,000
Seed, Vegetable &
Vinecrop,
$52,372,000
Plums, Dried,
$156,760,000
Almonds, All,
$509,635,000
Milk, Market,
Fluid, $91,613,000
Olives,
$84,021,000
Walnuts, English,
$673,684,000
Cattle & Calves,
Unspecified,
$79,740,000
Rice, Milling ,
$765,738,000
Cattle, Stockers,
Feeders ,
$127,113,200
Tomatoes,
Processing,
$62,806,000
Peaches,
Clingstone ,
$63,525,000
Seed, Vegetable &
Vinecrop,
$52,372,000
Page 25
4,500,000,000
4,000,000,000
3,500,000,000
3,000,000,000
2,500,000,000
2,000,000,000
1,500,000,000
1,000,000,000
500,000,000
Agricultural Value
Valley Region
Mountain
Region
12-County
Region
3,296,850,000
576,368,000
3,873,218,000
The
12 county
service region
produces over
3.8 billion dollars
worth of agricultural products.
Page 26
Agriculture
Value of Agricultural Production, 2012
County
Agricultural Value
Butte
$ 702,319,000
Colusa
$ 711,592,000
Glenn
$ 696,262,000
Shasta
$ 92,934,000
Sutter
$ 527,004,000
Tehama
$ 295,003,000
Yuba
$ 207,904,000
Valley Region
$ 3,233,018,000
Lassen
$ 88,638,000
Modoc
$ 107,009,000
Plumas
$ 24,746,000
Siskiyou
$ 358,000,000
Trinity
$ 8,186,000
Mountain Region
$ 506,579,000
12-County Region
$ 3,739,597,000
Timber Value
$ 9,573,000
$0
$ 765,000
$ 36,931,000
$0
$ 11,612,000
$ 4,951,000
$ 63,832,000
$ 12,997,000
$ 4,569,000
$ 13,669,000
$ 30,768,000
$ 7,786,000
$ 69,789,000
$ 133,621,000
Total Value
$ 711,892,000
$ 711,592,000
$ 697,027,000
$ 129,865,000
$ 527,004,000
$ 306,615,000
$ 212,855,000
$ 3,296,850,000
$ 101,635,000
$ 111,578,000
$ 38,415,000
$ 388,768,000
$ 15,972,000
$ 576,368,000
$ 3,873,218,000
Source: California Ag Statistics Service, California Department of Finance
Butte
Colusa
Glenn
Shasta
Sutter
Tehama
in thousands of dollars
Yuba
$0
$100,000 $200,000 $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 $600,000 $700,000 $800,000
Yuba Tehama Sutter
Shasta
Glenn
Colusa
Butte
County $212,855 $306,615 $527,004 $129,865 $697,027 $711,592 $711,892
Overview
Value of agriculture comes from the USDA California County Agricultural Commissioners’ Report. It
is based on the annual Crop Reports from county
commissioners around the state and is reported annually.
Reports were submitted for 9 of the 12 service region counties for 2012. Modoc, Plumas, and Trinity
county reports were not available at publication.
The most recent reports on file were used in the
2012 Agricultural Commissioners’ Report. The latest
annual data available for three missing reports are
as follows: Plumas 2011, Modoc 2008, and Trinity
2007.
Mountain Region
Timber makes up 12.1 percent of the total value
of agriculture production in the mountain counties.
This is a drop from 2011 when timber represented
14.7 percent of total agricultural value. From 2001
to 2009, timber as a percent of total value fell from
33.2 percent to 5.2 percent. Total value of agriculture products exceeded 576 million dollars in 2012.
Valley Region
Farm crops made up 98.1 percent of the total agricultural value in the valley counties. Colusa and
Butte counties were the two highest producers with
each producing over 700 million dollars worth of
crops. The lowest farm producing county was Shasta County, however, it had the most timber value.
Shasta County is unique in this report because it
has elements of both types of regions. Half of the
county is in the valley and the other half resting
at the foot of the mountains. Because the population base of the county resides in the valley, it was
included with the valley counties.
Half of all timber value in the state is produced by
the CSU, Chico service region. In 2012, California’s
timber harvest was valued at 267 million dollars,
of which 133.6 million was produced in the twelve
county service region.
Trinity
Siskiyou
Agricultural value for crops other than timber was
also significant. The service region produced nearly
3.8 billion dollars in agricultural products in 2012,
6.7 percent of total state value.
Plumas
Modoc
Lassen
in thousands of dollars
$0
County
$100,000
Lassen
$15,972
$200,000
Modoc
$388,768
$300,000
Plumas
$38,415
$400,000
Siskiyou
$111,578
$500,000
Trinity
$101,635
Page 27
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Government Payments to Farms, 2012
County
Total Received
Butte
$9,386,000
Colusa
$13,629,000
Glenn
$13,136,000
Shasta
$420,000
Sutter
$11,326,000
Tehama
$1,627,000
Yuba
$3,341,000
Valley Region
$52,865,000
Lassen
$186,000
Modoc
$701,000
Plumas
not available
Siskiyou
$2,029,000
Trinity
$247,000
Mountain Region
$3,163,000
12-County Region
$56,028,000
Source: United States Department of Agriculture
Agriculture is an important and volatile
commodity. To control market prices and
compensate for natural disasters and severe weather conditions, the U.S. government uses farm payments to ensure the
nation has a stable food supply.
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
Region
20,000
10,000
Valley Region
Mountain Region 12-County Region
Page 28
Economics
Economics is a large and complicated field
of study. For purposes of this profile, we
will look at a handful of indicators that
will best describe the twelve county service
region. This section covers five indicators;
labor markets, personal income, taxable
sales, real estate, and industry.
Labor markets are important to understand because they play a vital role in the
economic health of a region. The most well
known statistic is the unemployment (UE)
rate, but it isn’t the only important statistic
for labor markets. UE rates can be misleading and will be addressed in the labor markets section.
Measuring personal income is a great way
to measure the growth of an economy. As
personal income increases so does disposable income, which when spent in the local
economy, creates a multiplier effect that
benefits everyone in the community.
Taxable sales include retail and non-retail
sales. This indicator is important because
it looks at market transactions at the local
level. Taxable sales include all items that
have an associated sales tax except nonessential food items.
Real estate and construction are included
because perceived wealth is tied to your
home value and new construction is an indicator of economic growth.
Lastly, earnings by industry describe the
large players in each county. Many small
communities rely on a few industries for
their economic wellbeing. This section will
compare each.
Page 29
Tulelake
!
.
Crescent City
!
.
YrekaMontague
!
. !
.
Klamath
!
.
!
.
Etna
!
.
!
.
Tennant
Alturas
!
.
Weed
Mount Shasta
!
.
McCloud
Dunsmuir
!
.
!
.
!
.
Trinidad
McKinleyville
!
.
Willow Creek
Arcata
!
.
!
.
Eureka
!
.
Fortuna
!
.
Rio Dell
!
.
Weaverville
!
.
!
.
Hayfork
Fall River Mills
!
.
Burney
!
.
Round Mountain
!
.
Shasta Lake
!
.
Redding
!
.
Shingletown
Anderson !
.
!
.
Susanville
!
.
!
.
Chester
Red Bluff
!
.
!
.
Corning
!
.
Covelo
!
.
Orland
!
.
Willows
!
.
Fort Bragg
!
Willits
.
!
.
Mendocino
!
.
!
.
Ü
0
20
Ukiah
Valley Ranch
!
.
Loyalton
!
.
Durham
!
.
Colusa
!
.
Nice
!
.
Lakeport
Point Arena
Arbuckle
!
.
Clearlake
!
.
!
.
40
Quincy
!
.
Oroville
!
.
Gridley
!
.
!
.
!
.
Magalia
.Paradise
Chico!
!
.
!
.
Crescent Mills
80 Miles
Start-ups Per 10,000 Working Age Adults
State Average = 37.2 per 10,000
Zero Start-ups in 2013
Below State Average
Above State Average
Middletown
Nevada City
!
.
Yuba City
.
!
.!
Marysville
Wheatland
!
.
!
.
!
.
Colfax
Lincoln Auburn
!
.
! Rocklin
.
Roseville
!
.
Placerville
!
.
Woodland
!
.
Shingle
Springs
!
.
!
.
Sacramento
Davis
Winters
!
.
!
.
!
.
Elk Grove
!
.
Ione
!
.
Walnut GroveGalt
!
.
!
.
Valley Springs
Lodi
!
.Rancho Calaveras
!
.
!
.
Northstate
Entrepreneurs
Spearheading
French Camp
Economic
Activ!
.
Tracy
Ripon
!
!
.
. ity!
Truckee
Tahoe Vista
!
.
Sunnyside-Tahoe City
!
.
South Lake Tahoe
!
.
!
.
Kirkwood
!
.
Bear Valley
Northstate County Boundaries
!
.
City/Town
Freeways and Highways
Highways
Freeways
Entrepreneurial Density
2013 Start-Ups in Northern California
Page 30
Economics
Labor Markets
V
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Labor Force by County, 2010-2013
County
2010
2011
2012
2013
Butte
103,700
101,900
102,100
103,700
Colusa
12,010
11,850
11,860
11,550
Glenn
12,940
12,870
12,840
12,810
Shasta
84,500
82,500
81,200
80,900
Sutter
43,100
42,900
42,800
41,900
Tehama
25,580
25,470
25,250
25,000
Yuba
28,000
27,800
27,800
27,100
Valley Region
309,830
305,290
303,850
302,960
Lassen
13,810
13,430
13,080
12,480
Modoc
4,090
3,880
3,930
3,740
Plumas
10,080
9,770
9,480
9,140
Siskiyou
20,090
19,900
19,490
18,370
Trinity
5,080
5,050
5,020
4,840
Mountain Region
53,150
52,030
51,000
48,570
12-County region
362,980
357,320
354,850
351,530
California
18,330,533 18,404,500 18,494,900 18,596,800
Source: California Employment Development Department, Labor Market Information Division
V
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Employment by County, 2010-2013
County
2010
2011
2012
2013
Butte
89,300
88,000
89,600
93,300
Colusa
9,580
9,430
9,490
9,420
Glenn
10,880
10,830
10,960
11,240
Shasta
71,200
70,200
70,300
72,100
Sutter
34,700
34,700
35,300
35,500
Tehama
21,590
21,640
21,730
22,100
Yuba
22,600
22,700
23,100
23,300
Valley Region
259,850
257,500
260,480
266,960
Lassen
11,870
11,630
11,430
11,130
Modoc
3,500
3,300
3,400
3,310
Plumas
8,390
8,210
8,080
7,990
Siskiyou
16,760
16,610
16,510
15,970
Trinity
4,140
4,150
4,230
4,220
Mountain Region
44,660
43,900
43,650
42,620
12-County Region
304,510
301,400
304,130
309,580
California
32,127,115 32,474,540 33,120,820 33,866,410
Overview
Labor market conditions are an important indicator
of an area’s economic well-being. Of particular importance is the relationship among all of these factors: labor force, employment, and unemployment.
While alone, one of these factors might project an
incomplete image of the economy’s performance,
taken together, they provide a comprehensive assessment of the health of the labor market and the
associated well-being of affected residents. Labor
market information can be used to draw conclusions
about the availability of jobs, the social climate, and
the standard of living in the area.
It is important to note that the unemployment (UE)
rate can be deceptive. The UE rate is dependent on
the number of people unemployed. In our tables
and graphs, the number of unemployed is the U-3
total unemployed. This only includes the civilian
population actively seeking work. It does not include discouraged workers (those who quit looking for work because there are no jobs available),
underemployed (those taking jobs they are overqualified for just to bring in income) and those who
settled for part-time jobs which are available and
willing to work full-time. When these populations
are included as unemployed, the UE rate is significantly higher.
Labor force is equal to employment plus unemployment.
Employment refers to people working at least one
hour per week.
Unemployment refers to people working less than
one hour a week, but is actively seeking work.
Unemployment rate is equal to unemployment
divided by the labor force.
Mountain Region
The mountain region unemployment rate for 2013
was 12.3 percent. This is 2.2 percentage point drop
from 2012 when the UE rate was 14.4 percent.
Since 2010, the UE rate has dropped 24 percent.
If this trend was to continue, the UE rate would
be back to pre-recession levels by 2017. However,
because of the type of recession, the large amount
of discouraged workers, underemployment, and
lack of mobility, it will most likely be longer than
that before normal unemployment rates are to
return. To better understand the situation, we look
Page 31
at employment. Employment is a better indicator to study when understanding labor markets.
The number of employed for the mountain region
was 42,620 in 2013. This is a five percent drop
from 2010 when 44,660 were employed. There
are less people working each year. But how is this
case when the UE rate fell 24 percent? The answer is that people are leaving the labor market
and/or leaving the area. Trinity is the only county
in the mountain region to show positive growth in
employment over the last four year period.
Valley Region
The UE rate fell 2.4 percentage points from 2012
to 2013 and 4.2 percentage points since 2010.
Currently the UE rate is 11.9 percent for the
valley region, which is lower than the mountain
region which stands at 12.3 percent. When we
look at employment over the last four years, we
see the valley region increased the number of
employed by 7,110 workers. From 2011 to 2013,
the valley counties have increased employment
by 3.7 percent.
Currently, the number of people employed in the
valley counties are 96.7 percent of pre-recession
levels. The average pre-recession UE rate for the
valley counties was between 8 and 9 percent.
V
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Unemployment Rates by County, 2010-2013
County
2010
2011
Butte
13.9 %
13.6 %
Colusa
20.2 %
20.4 %
Glenn
15.9 %
15.9 %
Shasta
15.7 %
14.9 %
Sutter
19.5 %
19.1 %
Tehama
15.6 %
15.0 %
Yuba
19.3 %
18.3 %
Valley Region
16.1 %
15.7 %
Lassen
14.0 %
13.4 %
Modoc
14.4 %
14.9 %
Plumas
16.8 %
16.0 %
Siskiyou
16.6 %
16.5 %
Trinity
18.5 %
17.8 %
Mountain Region
16.0 %
15.6 %
12-County Region
16.1 %
15.6 %
California
13.9 %
13.6 %
2012
12.2 %
20.0 %
14.6 %
13.4 %
17.5 %
13.9 %
16.9 %
14.3 %
12.6 %
13.5 %
14.8 %
15.3 %
15.7 %
14.4 %
14.3 %
12.2 %
2013
10.0 %
18.4 %
12.3 %
10.9 %
15.3 %
11.6 %
14.0 %
11.9 %
10.8 %
11.5 %
12.6 %
13.1 %
12.8 %
12.3 %
11.9 %
10.0 %
Page 32
Taken as a whole, the California State University,
Chico service region labor market is improving,
but still hasn’t fully recovered. Labor markets are
adjusting to the post-recession economy. Some
jobs that have been lost will not return. People
are retooling their skill sets and moving into
different occupations. Many older workers that
lost jobs have been forced to retire early. This is
unfortunate, but it does create opportunities for
younger workers to move up and companies to
become leaner and meaner. Right now the labor
market is in the process of seeking parity.
18.0%
16.0%
14.0%
12.0%
10.0%
8.0%
6.0%
4.0%
2.0%
0.0%
2010
2011
2012
2013
12-County Region
16.1%
15.6%
14.3%
11.9%
California
13.9%
13.6%
12.2%
10.0%
Economics
21.0 %
Butte
19.0 %
Colusa
17.0 %
Glenn
Shasta
15.0 %
Sutter
13.0 %
Tehama
Yuba
11.0 %
9.0 %
2010
2011
2012
2013
19.0 %
18.0 %
17.0 %
16.0 %
Lassen
15.0 %
Modoc
14.0 %
Plumas
13.0 %
Siskiyou
12.0 %
Trinity
11.0 %
10.0 %
9.0 %
2010
2011
2012
Page 33
2013
Income per Capita
Siskiyou
$38,154
7.5%
Del Norte
Humboldt
Modoc
$40,397
6.9%
Shasta
$39,310
6.0%
Trinity
$35,581
12%
Lassen
$34,037
12.8%
Tehama
$31,469
9.1%
Overview
Per capita income is calculated by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis by dividing its estimate of total personal income by the U.S. Census Bureau’s
estimate of total population. Per capita income is
one of the primary measures of economic wellbeing in a community. Changes can indicate trends
in regions standard of living, or the availability of
resources to an individual, family, or society. Per
capita income tends to follow the business cycle,
rising during expansions and falling during recessions. Income influences buying power and therefore affects consumer choice and local retail sales.
Income is one measure of the benefits to people
provided by employment, government payments, or
their own investments.
Mountain Region
Plumas County had the highest income per capita
with $45,054. The county with the lowest per capita
income in the region was Lassen with $34,037. But
Lassen County had the greatest one year increase
in per capita income, growing 12.8 percent from
2011.
When you look at per capita income over time, the
mountain counties have traditionally had a higher
per capita income when adjusted for inflation than
the valley counties. However after the recession,
the mountain counties saw a sharp drop in per capita income, more so than the valley counties. This
may suggest that the mountain communities are
more sensitive to changes in the national economy
than the valley communities. The low point for the
mountain region came in 2009, when real per capita income was only $33,610. The latest data shows
that the mountain region has once again eclipsed
the valley region after four years.
Plumas
$45,054
9.5%
Butte
$37,326
7.0%
Glenn
$40,330
4.8%
Mendocino
Lake
Yuba
$34,335
7.9%
Sutter
$37,899
6.9%
Colusa
$47,892
-2.0%
Income per Capita
0.1% - 3.9%
Nevada
Placer
El Dorado
Percent Change 2011-12
Negative Growth
Sierra
Yolo
Alpine
Sonoma
Napa
Sacramento
4.0% - 7.9%
8.0% - 11.9%
Amador
Solano
Calaveras
12.0% +
Counties
Marin
Contra Costa
V
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Tuolumne
San Joaquin
Stanislaus
Per Capita Income by County, 2012
Real Per Captia
County
Income, 2012
1-Year Change
Butte
$37,326
7.0%
Colusa
$47,892
-2.0%
Glenn
$40,330
4.8%
Shasta
$39,310
6.0%
Sutter
$37,899
6.9%
Tehama
$31,469
9.1%
Yuba
$34,335
7.9%
Valley Region
$37,516
4.8%
Lassen
$34,037
12.8%
Modoc
$40,397
6.9%
Plumas
$45,054
9.5%
Siskiyou
$38,154
7.5%
Trinity
$35,581
12.0%
Mountain Region
$37,999
7.8%
12-County Region
$37,589
5.2%
California
$48,600
4.8%
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
Valley Region
Page 34
Economics
$ 39,000
$ 38,000
$ 37,000
$ 36,000
$ 35,000
$ 34,000
$ 33,000
$ 32,000
$ 31,000
$ 30,000
'02
'03
'04
'05
'06
'07
Valley Region
'08
'09
'10
'11
'12
Mountain Region
Real per capita income for the region was $37,516 in 2012. Colusa County had the highest per
capita income with $47,892. This was over $10,000 more than the region average. In contrast,
Tehama County had the least amount of income per capita with $31,469. But Tehama also had
the greatest year-to-year increase in per capita income, increasing 9.1 percent. This was similar to Lassen County in the mountain region. Interestingly Colusa County, which had the highest
income per capita, also saw its income per capita fall from the previous year. Colusa County had
a two percent drop from 2011 to 2012.
The inflation-adjusted per capita income for the CSU, Chico service region was $37,589 in 2012.
It increased 5.2 percent from 2011 when per capita income was $35,727. The state growth for
the same period was 4.8 percent. This is a good sign for the twelve county service region as it
rebounds from the 2007-08 recession.
Currently, the per capita income for the region is greater than it has been in ten years. 2012 was
the year the region finally reached pre-recession numbers per capita income. The recession is still
felt across the region and income per capita is good way to measure its affects, but per capita income does not show the distribution of income. For that we move on to the next section, Median
Household Income.
Page 35
Overview
Median household income is the income level at which half
of the area’s households earn more and the other half earn
less. It can be conceptualized as the income midpoint and is
estimated annually for counties by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Median household income is a better measure of average
income than per capita income when evaluating income
growth among all economic classes. Changes in per capita
income may be driven by growth increases in the high
income ranges only, whereas growth in median household
income usually indicates expansion across the full range of
incomes.
Mountain Region
Lassen County had the highest median household income of
all the mountain region counties. For the per capita income
indicator, Lassen had the lowest earnings per person. So
how can it have the highest median household income in the
region? The per capita income is dependent on the number
of people counted in the population and the total personal
income earnings in the county. Lassen County has a large
incarcerated population that earns very little income if any.
This combined with a relatively small civilian population is
the reason why the per capita numbers are underestimated.
Valley Region
Colusa County has the highest median household income
at $49,871. Sutter County is next with $46,524 followed by
Shasta County with $44,477. The median income for the
valley region was $43,285 in 2012. This is slightly more
than the mountain region which had a median household
income of $40,483.
The median household income for the CSU, Chico service
region was $42,118 in 2012. That is $16,205 less than the
state average for households which were $58,322 in the
same year. Indeed, households earn less in the North State
than the state average, but the cost of living in this region is
considerably less than the state. The state has a significant
percent of the population earning $100,000 or more than
the 12-county service region. This isn’t surprising or alarming. However, the higher percent of households in the twelve
county service area earning below $25,000 is something to
note. We will look closer at poverty in the next section.
Page 36
Economics
20.0%
18.0%
16.0%
14.0%
12.0%
10.0%
12-County Region
California
8.0%
6.0%
4.0%
2.0%
0.0%
Less than $10,000 $15,000 $25,000 $35,000 $50,000 $75,000 $100,000 $150,000 $200,000
$10,000
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
or more
$14,999 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999 $99,999 $149,999 $199,999
Median Household Income, 2012
V
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M
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County
Butte
Colusa
Glenn
Shasta
Sutter
Tehama
Yuba
Valley Region
Lassen
Modoc
Plumas
Siskiyou
Trinity
Mountain Region
12-County Region
California
Median Household Income,
2012
$ 40,748
$ 49,871
$ 41,201
$ 44,477
$ 46,524
$ 38,577
$ 41,599
$ 43,285
$ 47,480
$ 36,724
$ 46,450
$ 36,597
$ 35,162
$ 40,483
$ 42,118
$ 58,322
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Small Area
Income and Poverty Estimates
Page 37
Tourism
Overview
People travel away from home for many reasons, including business, pleasure, and other personal reasons. A
traveler is considered to be anyone who spends time in
a community other than the one in which they reside,
whether it is a day trip or an overnight stay. Many areas
of the twelve county service region rely on visitor spending as a significant part of the economy. This is especially true for the mountain communities in which 10.9
percent of employment depends on tourism. Travel generated earnings for the mountain region was 141 million
dollars in 2012. This was 6.2 percent of total earnings
for the region. In contrast, the state average was only
2.6 percent. Plumas, Lassen, and Trinity counties had the
highest share of travel generated earnings.
Employment
10.9 %
4.5 %
4.1 %
Valley Region
Mountain Region
Earnings (Millions)
The valley region isn’t as dependent on tourism as the
mountain regions. Shasta County had the highest amount
of travel generated earnings of all counties in the service
region with 107.7 million dollars in 2012.
6.2%
2.6%
2.0%
Page 38
California
Valley Region
Mountain Region
California
Economics
Taxable Sales
8,000,000
7,000,000
6,000,000
5,000,000
4,000,000
3,000,000
2,000,000
1,000,000
-
2009
2010
2011
2012
5,416,236
5,571,224
5,992,759
6,269,328
Mountain Region
462,745
469,765
511,208
540,560
12-County Region
5,878,981
6,040,989
6,503,968
6,809,888
Valley Region
Overview
Taxable sales include taxable retail and nonretail sales of goods and services sold by retail and
nonretail businesses in the twelve county service region. Items subject to sales tax are included,
which covers any items considered nonessential food items. Items not included in taxable sales
include milk, bread, cereal, and other basic foods not prepared for final consumption. Retail is
usually a local-serving industry, meaning it primarily sells to people living within the area. Retail
activity is usually impacted by changes in traditionally base industries like agriculture and manufacturing. It is used to assess the economic impact of changes in base industries. Retail is typically one of the largest industry sectors in local economies.
Page 39
Jobs by Industry
Overview
Published by the U.S. Department of Commerce,
Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), this measure
of jobs is by place of work; that is, where the job is
being performed regardless of where its worker lives.
The BEA uses business tax returns from the Internal Revenue Service to calculate jobs by industry.
Therefore, each person who worked for a company
for pay or profit over the course of a year is counted. That means if a person changed jobs once over
the course of a year, they are counted twice—once
for each company at which they worked. The same
holds true for part-time and seasonal employees who
hold more than one job over the course of a year.
Self-employed proprietors and members of business
partnerships are counted as well. A person with a
full-time job who owns or co-owns a business on the
side is counted for each job. Unpaid family workers
and volunteers, however, are not included.
Job growth by industry sector is a measure of the
economic diversity and stability of the local economy.
A healthy economy will have a balance between
industries. If too many jobs are concentrated in one
sector, a downturn in that sector could easily and
rapidly weaken the economy.
Government and government enterprises employed
the most workers in the twelve county service region.
The next two largest industries were retail trade and
health care with 11.2 percent of total employment
each. Farm employment made up 5.1 percent of total
employment, a larger share than the state average of
1.1 percent.
12-County Region
Jobs by Industry, 2012
Industry
Farm employment
Forestry, fishing, and related activities
Mining
Utilities
Construction
Manufacturing
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Transportation and warehousing
Information
Finance and insurance
Real estate and rental and leasing
Professional, scientific, and technical services
Management of companies and enterprises
Administrative and waste services
Educational services
Health care and social assistance
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Accommodation and food services
Other services, except public administration
Government and government enterprises
Sum of withheld "(D)" values
Total Jobs
# of Jobs % of Total California % of Total
18,172
5.1%
1.1%
4,198
1.2%
1.1%
1,006
0.3%
0.3%
1,561
0.4%
0.3%
16,194
4.5%
4.3%
15,163
4.2%
6.5%
6,713
1.9%
3.7%
40,039
11.2%
9.5%
11,052
3.1%
2.9%
3,574
1.0%
2.5%
12,123
3.4%
5.1%
18,271
5.1%
6.1%
15,404
4.3%
8.7%
3,529
1.0%
1.1%
15,197
4.3%
6.5%
3,511
1.0%
2.2%
39,952
11.2%
9.4%
6,564
1.8%
2.8%
23,814
6.7%
7.1%
23,872
6.7%
6.2%
67,187
18.8%
12.5%
10,300
2.9%
n/a
357,396 100.0%
100.0%
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
Page 40
Economics
Home Values
California Median Home Value
$383,900
$250,000
$237,400
$210,300
$222,300
$233,400
$204,200
$200,000
$189,500
$180,700
$150,000
V
a
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y
V
a
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l
e
y
Median Home Price, 2012
$100,000
County
Median Home Value
Butte
$ 237,400
Annual New Privately-Owned Residential building Permits 2013 $50,000
Colusa
$ 210,300
County
Buildings
Construction Cost
Glenn
$ 222,300
Butte
339
$90,740,768.00 $Colusa
38
Shasta
$ 233,400 $10,991,516.00
Glenn
28
$4,984,579.00
Sutter
$ 204,200
Shasta
204
$39,875,656.00
Tehama
$ 189,500
Sutter
55
$14,726,237.00
Tehama
49
Yuba
$ 180,700 $7,428,313.00
Yuba
105
$22,742,181.00
$ 211,114
Valley Region
$300,000
Valley Region
M
t
n
M
t
n
Lassen
Lassen
Modoc
Modoc
Plumas
Plumas
Siskiyou
Siskiyou
Trinity
Mountain Region
Trinity
12-County Region
Mountain
Region
Source: US Census Bureau
12-County Region
California
818
$ 189,400
5
8
$ 158,200
27
$ 251,200
19
$ 215,200
14
73
$ 258,800
891
$ 214,560
$ 212,550
$ 383,900
$191,489,250.00
$1,250,802.00
$250,000
$1,489,280.00
$4,021,708.00
$200,000
$3,807,653.00
$1,918,744.00
$150,000
$12,488,187.00
$100,000
$203,977,437.00
Butte
Colusa
Glenn
Shasta
Sutter
Tehama
Yuba
$258,800
$251,200
$215,200
$189,400
$158,200
$50,000
$Lassen
Source: US Census Bureau, ACS 5-year estimates
Page 41
Modoc
Plumas
Siskiyou
Trinity
Social Indicators
Social indicators describe the capacity for
community systems to achieve adequate
human health, education, and social
participation. Functioning social systems
increase human capacity for growth and
improvement, including the capacity to
earn more income and improve the physical environment. These are often called
“quality-of-life” measures because they
include many of the non-economic community attributes many people seek.
Because many of these programs are
income dependent, poverty and poverty
rates will be analyzed as well. It is important to understand how poverty links
many of these indicators together. For
example, poverty can affect a person’s
ability to receive adequate health care
and health issues can affect a person’s
ability to work and improve their standard of living. Lastly, education statistics
will highlight the education system of the
twelve county CSU, Chico service region,
which will include K-12 enrollment, high
school graduates and high school dropout
rates.
This section includes health data such
as birth and death rates, leading causes
of death, teenage pregnancy, and drug
dependency. Along with health statistics,
social programs are also included covering CalFresh, Medi-Cal, and school free
and reduced lunch program enrollment.
Page 42
Social Indicators
Births and Deaths
Overview
Death data comes from the California Department of
Public Health (CDPH) and datum is reported by place
of residence at the time of death. Range of ICD-10
codes used for each cause of death can be found at
the end of this document.
Each death is reported with characteristic information, including age and race/ethnicity of the decedent, place of residence at the time of death, and the
cause of death. This indicator includes data on the
ten leading causes of death in California each year.
Death rates per 100,000 are shown instead of the
total number of deaths so comparisons can be made
between the regions and the state.
Leading Causes of Death, Rate per 100,00 (2010)
300.0
12-County Region
California
250.0
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
0
Heart
Disease
Cancer
Stroke
CLRD
Accidents
Alzheimer's
Disease
Diabetes
Pneumonia/Flu
Liver
Disease
Suicide
Other
Leading Causes of Death, Rate per 100,00 Deaths, 2010
Cause of Death
Valley Region Mountain Region 12-County Region California
Diseases of the Heart
222.2
203.2
219.0
248.9
Malignant Neoplasms (Cancers)
233.1
228.4
232.3
240.7
Cerebrovascular Disease (Stroke)
55.6
49.7
54.6
58.2
Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease (CLRD)
82.2
53.5
77.3
55.5
Unintentional Injuries
48.1
25.2
44.2
46.5
Alzheimer’s Disease
66.6
61.1
65.7
43.4
Diabetes Mellitus
20.5
21.4
20.7
30.1
Pneumonia and Influenza
16.8
19.1
17.2
25.1
Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis
15.7
16.8
15.9
18.2
Intentional Self Harm (Suicide)
19.9
15.3
19.1
16.4
All Other Causes
219.3
306.3
234.0
216.9
Source: California Department of Public Health, 2010
Page 43
Birth data also comes from the CDPH and consists of the number of live births, based on the
mother’s place of residence at the time of delivery. The birth rate is the number of live births
that occur for every 1,000 people in the region.
Birth rates indicate the degree to which the population reproduces. High birth rates can indicate a
healthier population, although lower birth rates
may be due to fewer family-age adults in the
community, or a greater propensity for lifestyles
that include smaller than average families. Birth
rates tend to increase slightly during economic
booms and decrease slightly during recessions,
although long-term trends in birth rates are not
an indicator of long-term economic activity.
Mountain Region
Death rates for the mountain counties were less
than the valley region and state for most causes
of death. Alzheimer’s disease death rate was
higher than the state and diabetes, pneumonia/
influenza, and chronic liver disease/cirrhosis was
higher than the valley counties.
Birth rates were lower than average for the
mountain region. Age distribution for this region
is skewed towards the older populations and is a
key factor for these low birth rates.
Valley Region
Death rates were higher for this region than
the mountain region for most of the causes of
deaths. Death from CLRD, accidents, Alzheimer’s
disease, and suicide were all higher for the valley region than both the state and the mountain
region.
Birth rates in the valley region were higher than
the mountain region but lower than the state on
average. Yuba County had the highest birth rate
at 16.6 per 1,000.
The service region had lower death rates than
the state for 7 out 10 causes of death. The three
causes of death that had higher rates in the
service region were CLRD, Alzheimer’s disease,
and suicide. The number one killer in the service region is cancer followed by diseases of the
heart. For the state, diseases of the heart are the
number one cause of death followed by cancers.
The birth rate for the service region is less than
the state. The mountain region had the lowest
rate of 9.6 births per 1,000 people. The valley
region birth rate was 12.4 per 1,000.
Birth Rates per 1,000 persons, 2013
County
Total Pop
Births Birth Rate
Butte
221,127
2,411
10.9
Colusa
21,636
316
14.6
Glenn
28,238
370
13.1
Shasta
178,953
2,122
11.9
Sutter
95,302
1,266
13.3
Tehama
63,522
771
12.1
Yuba
73,278
1,220
16.6
Valley Region
682,056
8,476
12.4
Lassen
33,177
300
9.0
Modoc
9,377
76
8.1
Plumas
19,389
152
7.8
Siskiyou
44,965
504
11.2
Trinity
13,391
126
9.4
Mountain Region
120,299
1,158
9.6
12-County Region
802,355
9,634
12.0
California
37,984,138
506,693
13.3
Source: California Department of Public Health and California
Department of Finance, Demographic Research Unit
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
Birth Rate
Page 44
Valley Region
Mountain
Region
12-County
Region
California
12.4
9.6
12.0
13.3
Social Indicators
Teenage Pregnancy
Overview
Teen births are reported by the California Department
of Health Services as births to mothers under the age
of twenty. It is a subset of the birth data published by
the California Department of Public Health. Teen pregnancy is a major national and state concern because
teen mothers and their babies face increased risks to
their health and economic status.
According to the National Center for Health Statistics, teen mothers are more likely than mothers over
age twenty to give birth prematurely (before thirtyseven completed weeks of pregnancy). Many factors
contribute to the increased risk of health problems
of babies born to teenage mothers. Teens often have
poor eating habits and neglect taking vitamins. Many
teens smoke, drink alcohol, or even take drugs.
Teenage mothers are more likely to drop out of high
school than those who wait until later years to have
their own children. Usually lacking necessary education skills, teenage mothers potentially have a harder
time finding and keeping well-paying jobs.
14.0%
12.0%
8.5 % of California
Births are to Teen
Mothers
10.0%
8.0%
6.0%
4.0%
2.0%
0.0%
% of Live Births
Page 45
Valley Region
Mountain Region
12-County
Region
9.6%
12.1%
9.9%
19.3 % are
living in poverty
in the 12-County
service region
Poverty
Overview
Poverty is a situation where people do not earn
enough income to achieve a basic standard of
living considered acceptable by society. Measurement of poverty is challenging in general because
an assumption must be made about the standard
of living society considers acceptable. The U.S.
Census Bureau measures poverty as that level
of income where a household is able to live in
a community with an average cost of living and
spend no more than 30 percent of their income
on basic food items and 35 percent on basic
housing. This measure is controversial because of
disagreements over the assumed standard of living and the higher average cost of living in some
areas, especially in California.
Percent of Population in Poverty by County, 2010-2012
County
2010
2011
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Poverty status is defined for each household;
either everyone or no one in the household is
in poverty. The characteristics of the household
Butte
Colusa
Glenn
Shasta
Sutter
Tehama
Yuba
Valley Region
Lassen
Modoc
Plumas
Siskiyou
Trinity
Mountain Region
12-County Region
California
20.1 %
14.9 %
17.6 %
18.2 %
16.8 %
20.4 %
20.7 %
18.4 %
16.8 %
21.9 %
15.3 %
21.5 %
18.4 %
18.8 %
18.5 %
15.8 %
22.6 %
13.2 %
19.2 %
19.4 %
15.8 %
19.5 %
19.6 %
18.5 %
19.3 %
21.5 %
14.8 %
24.4 %
21.4 %
20.3 %
19.4 %
16.6 %
2012
21.8 %
13.4 %
17.3 %
17.1 %
18.8 %
22.3 %
22.4 %
19.0 %
22.4 %
19.6 %
14.9 %
21.2 %
21.7 %
20.0 %
19.3 %
17.0 %
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates
used to determine poverty status are: number of people, number of related children under 18, and whether
the primary householder is over age 65. If a family’s total income is less than the poverty threshold, then
that family is considered to be impoverished. The poverty thresholds do not change geographically, but they
are updated annually for inflation using Consumer Price Index (CPI-U). The official poverty definition includes
money income before taxes and does not include capital gains or noncash benefits, such as public housing,
Medi-Cal, or food stamps.
Poverty is not defined for people in military barracks, institutional group quarters (such as prisons or nursing
homes), or for unrelated individuals under the age of 15, such as foster children.
A high poverty rate in an area can indicate social issues within the community and it may also indicate a scarcity of available employment. The poverty rate also affects such indicators as educational attainment and cost
of living.
Page 46
Social Indicators
Mountain Region
Lassen County had the highest percent of population in poverty at 22.4 percent and Plumas had the
least at 14.9 percent. On average, the mountain region had a higher percent of its population in poverty
than the valley region. The mean poverty percentage for the region was 20.0 percent, a drop from 2011
when it was 20.3 percent.
Valley Region
In the valley region, the poverty percentages ranged from 13.4 percent for Colusa County to 22.4 percent for Yuba County. The average percent of population within poverty for the region was 19.0 percent,
which was higher than the state at 17.0 percent.
The number of people living in poverty for the CSU, Chico service region has been trending upward
since 2004. However, there was a small drop from 2011 to 2012. It is unclear whether the poverty
percentages will continue to fall or the overall trend of increasing poverty will continue. Either way, the
percent of population living in poverty is significantly higher for the CSU, Chico service region than the
state.
Poverty Percentages, 12-County Service Region
15.9%
17.4%
16.1%
15.0%
19.4%
14.1%
15.5%
15.8%
14.5%
19.3%
18.5%
16.5%
15.4%
Percent in Poverty
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Page 47
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Alcohol and Drugs
Alcohol and Drug Program Clients, 2010
County
Program Admissions Rate per 100,000
Butte
2,053
9.2
Colusa
85
3.9
Glenn
231
8.1
Shasta
1,640
9.1
Tehama
464
7.3
Yuba-Sutter
817
4.8
Valley Region
5,290
7.7
Lassen
142
4.4
Modoc
N/A
N/A
Plumas
N/A
N/A
Siskiyou
110
2.4
Trinity
N/A
N/A
Mountain Region
252
2.1
12-County Region
5,542
6.9
California
179,191
4.7
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Source: RAND California
10.0
9.2
9.1
8.1
7.3
8.0
6.0
4.8
3.9
4.0
Overview
Data on the number of participants in an area’s
available substance addiction and abuse programs can be useful in determining the need
and utilization of public funds for such services,
as well as establishing a basis for further study
into the promotion of healthy individuals within a
community. The data collected here was provided
by RAND California, and based on California Alcohol and Drug Data Programs. The department
develops, administers, and financially assists
treatment and prevention programs throughout
the state and also offers certification of residential and non-residential programs. Most of the
information reported is submitted by treatment
providers who receive state or federal funds.
Licensed Narcotic Treatment Programs, which
may or may not receive public funds, and Drug
Medi-Cal providers, are required to submit information. Analysis and compilation of the data
is performed, excluding client names and any
identifying personal information. Drug program
admissions are due to primary problems with one
or more of the following: heroin, barbiturates,
methamphetamines, amphetamines, stimulants,
cocaine/crack, marijuana/hashish, PCP, hallucinogens, tranquilizers (benzodiazepine), other
tranquilizers, nonprescription methadone, inhalants, and other opiates and synthetics. It does
not include other sedatives or hypnotics, overthe-counter drugs, or secondary problems.
2.0
Butte
Colusa
Glenn
Shasta
Tehama
Yuba-Sutter
Program Admissions
Page 48
Social Indicators
Social Programs
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Medi-Cal Monthly Users, 2010
County
Average Enrollees Rate per 1,000
Butte
3,170
14.3
Colusa
207
9.5
Glenn
312
11.0
Shasta
2,187
12.2
Sutter
889
9.3
Tehama
810
12.7
Yuba
947
12.8
Valley Region
8,521
12.4
Lassen
289
8.9
Modoc
94
10.2
Plumas
207
10.8
Siskiyou
683
15.1
Trinity
154
11.5
Mountain Region
1,426
11.9
12-County Region
9,947
12.4
California
333,642
8.7
Source: California Department of Health Care Services
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Number of Households Receiving CalFresh, 2013
CalFresh
County
Households
Rate per 1,000
Butte
14,614
65.7
Colusa
712
32.9
Glenn
1,425
50.2
Shasta
11,790
65.7
Sutter
5,185
54.2
Tehama
4,329
67.9
Yuba
5,726
77.7
Valley Region
43,782
63.9
Lassen
1,430
43.9
Modoc
421
45.8
Plumas
804
42.0
Siskiyou
2,937
64.9
Trinity
789
58.9
Mountain Region
6,381
53.4
12-County Region
50,162
62.4
California
1,946,341
50.8
Overview
This section covers social programs such as Medi-Cal
and CalFresh (formally food stamps) and school free
and reduced lunch program.
Medi-Cal is California’s program that replaces the federal Medicaid program in the state. It was created before
Medicaid and, therefore, California legislators successfully requested that the federal government exclude
this state from their program. It covers people who are
disadvantaged physically or financially. Some examples of Medi-Cal eligibles are people aged 65 or older,
those who are blind or disabled, those who receive a
check through the Supplemental Security Income/State
Supplemental Payments program, children and parents
who receive financial assistance through the CalWORKs
program, and women who are pregnant or diagnosed
with cervical or breast cancer. Many Medi-Cal recipients
are also either CalWORKs or CalFresh recipients, creating an overlap in program enrollment. Information on
Medi-Cal programs is helpful in determining the need
for public medical assistance in a particular community.
As with CalWORKs and CalFresh, the relative need for
assistance is also an indicator of the social and/or economic status of area residents.
The CalFresh program is a federally funded program
aimed at ending hunger and improving nutrition and
health. The program is available to people whose income falls below a certain level, but who are actively
seeking employment or are currently employed. Participation in this program may be an indication that issues
exist in the region affecting the ability of people to
work, either due to lack of jobs or lack of ability to do
paid work. Since those working may also be eligible for
CalFresh assistance, a high caseload may also indicate
that a large percentage of households are supported by
employment paying relatively low wages.
The school free and reduced meal program (FRPM) is
Source: California Department of Social Services
Page 49
M
t
n
63.9
Valley Region
12.4
50.8
Mountain Region
11.9
12-County Region
Mountain Region
Siskiyou County had the most Medi-Cal enrollees
and the highest rate of enrollees for its population. Lassen County had the second highest
number of Medi-Cal enrollees but the lowest rate
among its population. Siskiyou and Lassen counties also had the highest enrollees in CalFresh.
Siskiyou County had the highest rate with 64.9
per 1,000 people. For the school free and reduced price meal (FRPM) enrollment, Siskiyou
County had the greatest enrollment. However,
Modoc County had the highest use rate of 110
students enrolled per 1,000 people.
Valley Region
Butte County had the greatest number of enrollees for Medi-Cal and CalFresh with the highest
rate of use for each than any other county in the
region. Enrollees for FRPM were over ten thousand for Butte, Shasta, and Sutter counties. The
highest rate of use for FRPM was Colusa County
and the least was Shasta County.
62.4
53.4
a count of K-12 students enrolled in the program
for the service region. The program provides
meals to students from income-qualifying families. Families only have to claim a certain income
level to enroll their children in the program, and
no evidence or auditing is required. Periodically,
schools will actively promote the program, which
can temporarily boost enrollment.
California
12.4
12-County Region
The CSU, Chico service region utilizes the social program services of Medi-Cal, CalFresh, and
FRPM more than the state average. FRPM rates
were the closest to the state average. The rates
of Medi-Cal were about even between the mountain and valley communities. Yet the rates for
CalFresh and FRPM participation are much higher
for the valley counties than the mountain counties.
104.7
Mountain Region
12-County Region
96.7
12-County Region
California
75.4
8.7
Valley Region
100.3
California
Valley Region
Page 50
Mountain Region
Photo courtesy of CalFresh Outreach/SNAP Education
V
a
l
l
e
y
School Free and Reduced Price Meal, 2012-2013
County
FRPM Count
Rate per 1,000
Butte
18,804
84.6
Colusa
3,192
147.4
Glenn
3,904
137.7
Shasta
15,282
85.2
Sutter
13,569
141.7
Tehama
7,358
115.5
Yuba
9,580
130.0
Valley Region
71,689
104.7
Lassen
2,231
68.5
Modoc
1,012
110.0
Plumas
1,182
61.8
Siskiyou
3,566
78.8
Trinity
1,021
76.3
Mountain Region
9,012
75.4
12-County Region
80,701
100.3
California
3,707,508
96.7
Education
Overview
This section covers school enrollment, high school
dropouts, and graduates. School enrollment data
provides a gauge of the amount of government
funding schools receive. Funding is based primarily on enrollment and average daily attendance.
High school dropout rates gauge how many
students complete the state-mandated curriculum requirements. The California Department
of Education has specific criteria in order for a
student to be considered a dropout in the CBEDS.
A student must have been previously enrolled
in one of grades 7-12, and left school without
re-enrolling in their current school or enrolling
in another public or private educational institution or school program for 45 consecutive days.
Once a person reaches the age of 21 and has not
received a high school diploma or its equivalent,
they are no longer included in the CBEDS data
collection.
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Mountain Region
Siskiyou County has the most enrolled students
in the region with 5,847. Lassen was second with
4,541. The latest high school graduate numbers
show that Siskiyou and Lassen counties had the
most graduates with 376 and 365 respectfully.
Modoc County had the smallest graduating class
with 108. Dropout rates range from 1.3 percent
Social Indicators
K-12 Enrollment, 2013-2014
County
K-12 Enrollment
Butte
31,069
Colusa
4,518
Glenn
5,544
Shasta
26,935
Sutter
21,390
Tehama
10,502
Yuba
13,892
Valley Region
113,850
Lassen
4,541
Modoc
1,454
Plumas
2,163
Siskiyou
5,847
Trinity
1,577
Mountain Region
15,582
12-County Region
129,432
California
6,236,672
Page 51
Valley Region
Mountain Region
Total
Total
6.5 %
4.1 %
4.4 %
2.9 %
Butte
3.3 %
3.0 %
Colusa
Glenn
1.9 %
2.9 %
2.6 %
Shasta
Sutter
1.9 %
1.5 %
Tehama
Lassen
Yuba
Number of High School Graduates
Modoc
Plumas
Siskiyou
1.3 %
Trinity
Number of High School Graduates
376
365
2,257
1,926
1,289
162
760
638
370
273
Butte
121
108
Colusa
Glenn
Shasta
Sutter
Tehama
Yuba
Lassen
Modoc
K-12 Enrollment
Yuba
Butte
Trinity
1,577
Siskiyou
21,390
Shasta
Colusa
Trinity
10,502
Sutter
Glenn
Siskiyou
K-12 Enrollment
13,892
Tehama
Plumas
5,847
Plumas
26,935
5,544
Modoc
2,163
1,454
4,518
Lassen
31,069
Page 52
4,541
Social Indicators
to 4.1 percent. Lassen County had the only dropout rate
greater than the state average. Overall, the mountain region had a dropout rate of 2.1 percent. The state dropout
rate was 3.9 percent for 2012-2013 school year.
Valley Region
Butte County had the highest K-12 enrollment figures
with 31,069 students. Colusa County had the least with
4,518. The valley region graduated 7,513 students in the
2012-2013 school year. The dropout rate for the region
was 3.7 percent. Yuba County had the highest dropout
rate of all service region counties with a rate of 6.5 percent. Shasta County had the smallest dropout rate, losing
only 2.6 percent of their students.
12-County Region
The CSU, Chico service region is responsible for educating 129,432 students from kindergarten to high school. In
2012-2013 school year, the service region released 8,645
new young adults into the world. Because of population
densities, the valley region made up the majority of these
graduates, equaling 87 percent of all graduates. Dropout rates are better for the service region than the state.
Many of the service region counties had favorable dropout
rates with each region having an outlier that brought up
the regional average. Many of the CSU, Chico service region high school graduates will be attending college after
high school.
9 out of 12
counties have a
dropout rate less
than the state
Page 53
V
a
l
l
e
y
M
t
n
Number of High School Dropouts, 2012-2013
County
Total
Rate
Butte
293
2.9 %
Colusa
44
3.3 %
Glenn
52
3.0 %
Shasta
234
2.6 %
Sutter
189
2.9 %
Tehama
132
4.4 %
Yuba
258
6.5 %
Valley Region
1,202
3.7 %
Lassen
68
4.1 %
Modoc
9
1.9 %
Plumas
13
1.9 %
Siskiyou
28
1.5 %
Trinity
7
1.3 %
Mountain Region
125
2.1 %
12-County Region
1,327
3.0 %
California
77,610
3.9 %
About the CED
About
The Center for Economic Development (CED) acts as a lens, focusing the resources and expertise of
California State University, Chico and other institutions of higher education on the challenges and opportunities facing Northeastern California communities and businesses. Founded in 1986, the Center
for Economic Development has a long history of providing economic development assistance to the
Northstate.
Mission
The Center for Economic Development seeks to improve the economic and social well-being of the
communities we serve by helping to foster sustainable growth and development. The CED seeks to:
• Provide the highest quality economic development assistance to the communities of Northeastern California
• .Respect the individuality of each person and the communities in which they live
• .Promote the transfer of information and knowledge from the university and other sources to economic development and planning practitioners, and to the general public
• Establish and nurture partnerships between workforce development entities, community and vocational challenges, policy makers, communities, and all organizations that are in support of assisting growth in Northern California
Strategic Focus
• Identify macro-level regional challenges and opportunities
• Work with regional business leaders to create opportunities for new businesses, new investments,
and new jobs
• Maximize opportunities for faculty and students to become involved in business and community
projects in Northeastern California
• Remain a source of reliable community and industry data and intelligence
Programs
• Applied Research Program – Exists to provide community leaders and planners, both public and
private, with the latest and most reliable data and information available about communities and
neighborhoods.
• Business Intelligence Program – Market Analysis and Industry Reports.
• Northeastern California SBDC Program – Small Business Development Centers serving 23 Northeastern California counties.
• Student Intern Programs – Maximizing student knowledge to help Northeastern California communities and small businesses, while providing opportunities for student learning and experiential
education.
• Technology Adoption Program – Workshops and technical assistance designed to help small business identify new technologies to improve efficiency and productivity.
Page 54
Document Sources
Range of ICD 10 Codes used in the Causes of Death Section
Abbreviation
Cause of Death
AID
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
ALZ
Alzheimer's Disease
CAN
CLD
ICD-9
(1989 to 1998)
ICD 10
(1999 to present)
042-044
B20-B24
290.1, 331.0
G30
Malignant Neoplasms (Cancers)
140-208
C00-C97
Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease (CLRD)
490-496
J40-J47
CPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
490-496
J40-J47
DIA
Diabetes Mellitus
250
E10-E14
HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease (HIVD)
HOM
Homicide
HTD
Diseases of the Heart
HYP
Essential Hypertension and Hypertensive Renal Disease
INJ
Unintentional Injuries
LIV
Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis
OTH
All Other Causes
PNF
Pneumonia and Influenza
STK
Cerebrovascular Disease (Stroke)
SUI
Intentional Self Harm (Suicide)
042-044
B20-B24
E960-E969
U01-U02, X85-Y09, Y87.1
390-398, 402, 404-429
I00-I09, I11, I13, I20-I51
401, 403
I10, I12, I15
E800-E949
V01-X59, Y85-Y86
571
K70, K73- K74
Residual Codes
Residual Codes
480-487
J09-J18
430-438
I60-I69
E950-E959
U03, X60-X84, Y87.0
Creative Commons Photos via Flickr (Web Address Available upon Request)
“Moving Truck” User/Photographer: TheMuuj. Page 9.
“Plums” User/Photographer: Kim Piper-Werker. Page 25
“Blue Curve” User/Photographer: Evan Leeson. Page 40
“Housing in Amsterdam” User/Photographer: Werner Kunz. Page 41
“Baby Holding Grandfathers Finger” User/Photographer: Kim Noordijk. Page 43
“Baby” User/Photographer: M. Glasgow. Page 44
“Homeless Reading on the Sidewalk” User/Photographer: Franco Folini. Page 46
“Call Center Woman” User/Photographer: Plantronicgermany. Page 49
“Yellow School Bus” User/Photographer: Robert Couse-Baker. Page 53
Page 55
Indicator
Students by Gender
Population
Population Density
Bidwell Park
Climate Data
Air Quality
Harvested Acreage
Top Crops
Labor Markets
Income per Capita
Tourism
Taxable Sales
Jobs by Industry
Home Values
Births and Deaths
Teenage Pregnancy
Poverty
Alcohol and Drugs
Medi-Cal
CalFresh
School Free and Reduced Meal Program
School Enrollment
High School Dropout Rates
High school graduates
Average SAT Scores
Source
California State University, Chico Public Affairs and Publications
California Department of Finance
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Department of the Interior
Chico Creek Nature Center
U.S. Forest Service
Western Regional Climate Center
California Air Resources Board
California Department of Water Resources
California Agricultural Statistics Service
USDA Census of Agriculture
California Employment Development Department (EDD)
Bureau of Economic Analysis
U.S. Census Bureau
California Travel and Tourism
CA State Board of Equalization
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
California Department of Public Health
California Department of Public Health
U.S. Census Bureau
RAND California
California Department of Health Care Services
California Department of Social Services
California Department of Education
Page 56
Website
http://www.csuchico.edu/pa/chico-facts.shtml
http://www.dof.ca.gov/
http://www.dof.ca.gov/
http://www.census.gov
http://www.census.gov
www.dof.ca.gov
www.bia.gov
www.bidwellpark.org
http://www.fs.fed.us/links/site.html
http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/
http://www.arb.ca.gov/homepage.htm
http://cdec.water.ca.gov/
http://www.nass.usda.gov/
www.agcensus.usda.gov
http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/
http://www.bea.gov/
www.census.gov
www.deanrunyan.com
http://www.boe.ca.gov/
www.census.gov
www.census.gov
http://www.cdph.ca.gov
http://www.cdph.ca.gov
www.census.gov
http://ca.rand.org/cgi-bin/homepage.cgi
http://www.dhcs.ca.gov/
http://www.dss.cahwnet.gov/
http://www.cde.ca.gov/ds/sh/cw/filesafdc.asp
http://www.cde.ca.gov/
Special thanks to the Center for Economic Development staff and student research
team for their hard work and support in creating the 2014 CSU, Chico Service Region
Profile!
Page 57
Center for Economic Development
2014 University Profile
P:530.898.4598
www.cedcal.com/university-profile
F:530.898.4734
Page 58

California State University, Chico Service Region Profile 2014

Transcription

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