DCT7088 Manual - Instruments Direct

Transcription

Chapter
7088-8000
June 1998
DCT-7088 Portable
Digital Correlation Transit Time
Ultrasonic Flowmeter
POLYSONICS
®
Software Version 3.23
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INSTRUCTION MANUAL
DCT-7088 PORTABLE
DIGITAL CORRELATION
TRANSIT TIME FLOWMETER
Notice
This manual is designed to promote personal and system
safety and to optimize product performance. It should be
read carefully before installing, using, or maintaining the
flowmeter.
If a problem occurs that is not resolved in the manual, refer
to Chapter 7 for more information on additional service and
support.
USA
Peek Measurement, Inc.
10335 Landsbury, Suite 300
Houston, Texas 77099-3407 USA
Telephone:
(713) 879-3700
Facsimile:
(713) 498-7721
Publication Number 7088-8000
© Peek Measurement Inc. 6/98
Printed in the U.S.A.
Europe
Peek Measurement, Ltd.
King's Worthy
Winchester, Hampshire SO23 7QA UK
Telephone:
(01962) 883200
Facsimile:
(01962) 885530
POLYSONICS
®
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Table of Contents
DCT-7088 Portable
Digital Correlation Transit Time
Ultrasonic Flowmeter
CHAPTER 1:
PRODUCT OVERVIEW ................................................................... 1-1
1.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 THEORY OF OPERATION ........................................................................................... 1-1
1.3 TRANSIT TIME ACCURACY....................................................................................... 1-3
1.4 OPERATING THE FLOWMETER............................................................................... 1-3
1.4.1 RS232 PORT .............................................................................................................................................1-3
1.5 POWER ............................................................................................................................. 1-4
1.5.1 FUSES .......................................................................................................................................................1-4
1.6 EXTERNAL FEATURES................................................................................................ 1-6
1.7 SOFTWARE UPGRADES .............................................................................................. 1-7
1.8. STANDARD CONFIGURATION AND OPTIONS .................................................... 1-8
1.9 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................. 1-9
CHAPTER 2:
SYSTEM COMPONENTS................................................................. 2-1
2.1 BREAKOUT BOX COMPONENTS .............................................................................. 2-1
2.1.1 BATTERY CHARGER/AC ADAPTER...................................................................................................2-2
2.1.2 PRINTER ..................................................................................................................................................2-2
2.2 SLIDE TRACK................................................................................................................. 2-3
2.3 CURRENT LOOP WIRING AND CURRENT LOOP POWERING OPTION........ 2-4
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CHAPTER 3:
CONFIGURING AND OPERATING THE FLOWMETER 3-1
3.1 KEYPAD AND DISPLAY ............................................................................................... 3-2
3.1.1 KEYPAD AND DISPLAY COMPONENTS............................................................................................3-2
3.1.2 DISPLAY CONTRAST AND BACKLIGHT...........................................................................................3-3
3.2 DIRECT MENU ACCESS............................................................................................... 3-3
3.3 ACCESSING THE MENUS BY SCROLLING ............................................................ 3-5
3.3.1 SCROLLING THROUGH THE MAIN MENU AND SUB-MENUS ......................................................3-5
3.3.2 SCROLLING THROUGH PRIMARY DISPLAYS, SETUP MENUS,
AND DIAGNOSTIC MENUS ..................................................................................................................3-6
3.4 ENTERING DATA IN THE SETUP MENUS .............................................................. 3-6
3.5 QUICK SETUP................................................................................................................. 3-7
3.6 PRIMARY DISPLAYS, SETUP MENUS, AND DIAGNOSTIC MENUS................. 3-8
3.6.1 PRIMARY DISPLAYS .............................................................................................................................3-8
3.6.2 PIPE SETUP MENUS...............................................................................................................................3-9
3.6.3 LINER SETUP MENUS .........................................................................................................................3-11
3.6.4 FLUID SETUP MENUS .........................................................................................................................3-13
3.6.5 TRANSDUCER SETUP MENUS...........................................................................................................3-14
3.6.6 FLOW SETUP MENUS..........................................................................................................................3-15
3.6.7 TOTALIZER SETUP MENUS ...............................................................................................................3-18
3.6.8 OPTIONS SETUP MENUS ....................................................................................................................3-21
3.6.9 CALIBRATION SETUP MENUS ..........................................................................................................3-25
3.6.10 CURRENT LOOP SETUP MENUS .....................................................................................................3-27
3.6.11 ALARMS SETUP MENUS ..................................................................................................................3-28
3.6.12 DATA LOG SETUP MENUS...............................................................................................................3-30
3.6.13 DIAGNOSTICS DISPLAY MENUS ....................................................................................................3-33
3.6.14 PRINT SETUP AND PRINT COMMANDS ........................................................................................3-34
3.7 MASTER ERASE FUNCTION AND
EMERGENCY OVERRIDE PASSWORDS ............................................................... 3-37
3.7.1 EMERGENCY OVERRIDE PASSWORDS...........................................................................................3-37
3.7.2 MASTER ERASE FUNCTION ..............................................................................................................3-37
CHAPTER 4:
INSTALLING THE TRANSDUCERS .................................... 4-1
4.1 MEASUREMENT SITE SELECTION.......................................................................... 4-1
4.2 SPACING AND MOUNTING THE TRANSDUCERS ................................................ 4-3
4.2.1 USING THE SLIDE TRACK....................................................................................................................4-4
4.3 ALIGNING THE TRANSDUCERS ............................................................................... 4-5
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4.4 TRANSDUCER MOUNTING METHODS ................................................................... 4-6
4.4.1 V METHOD ..............................................................................................................................................4-6
4.4.2 W METHOD .............................................................................................................................................4-7
4.4.3 Z METHOD...............................................................................................................................................4-8
4.5 HIGH TEMPERATURE TRANSDUCER BLOCKS................................................. 4-14
4.6 SONIC COUPLING COMPOUND .............................................................................. 4-14
4.7 NYLON (CLOTH) TIE-DOWN STRAPS ................................................................... 4-15
CHAPTER 5:
CALIBRATION ......................................................................... 5-1
5.1 ZERO SET CALIBRATION........................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 PRELIMINARY STEPS FOR ZERO SET CALIBRATIONS .................................................................5-2
5.1.2 ZERO FLOW SET METHOD ..................................................................................................................5-2
5.1.3 MANUAL ZERO SET ..............................................................................................................................5-2
5.2 SCALE FACTOR CALIBRATION ............................................................................... 5-3
5.2.1 SCALE FACTOR PRECAUTIONS .........................................................................................................5-4
5.2.2 CHANGING THE SCALE FACTOR .......................................................................................................5-4
CHAPTER 6:
CONFIGURING THE CURRENT LOOP.............................. 6-1
CHAPTER 7:
SERVICE SUPPORT AND WARRANTY.............................. 7-1
7.1 RESOLVING THE PROBLEM ..................................................................................... 7-1
7.2 LOCAL REPRESENTATIVE SUPPORT..................................................................... 7-1
7.3 CONTACTING POLYSONICS BY PHONE................................................................ 7-1
7.4 FACTORY SERVICE...................................................................................................... 7-2
7.5 FIELD SERVICE ............................................................................................................. 7-2
7.6 WARRANTY .................................................................................................................... 7-3
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APPENDIX A:
POLYLINK FLOWMETER DATA LINK UTILITY...........A-1
A.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................ A-2
A.1.1 PLANTCOM AND PLANTCOM PLUS ................................................................................................A-2
A.2 INSTALLING AND RUNNING POLYLINK ............................................................. A-3
A.2.1 RUNNING POLYLINK FROM AN IBM-COMPATIBLE PC ..............................................................A-3
A.2.2 RUNNING POLYLINK FROM A DDF3088 .........................................................................................A-6
A.3 REMOTE MONITORING AND CONFIGURING (VT100 MODE) ....................... A-8
A.3.1 DIAGNOSTIC DISPLAY MODE...........................................................................................................A-8
A.4 RS232 SETUP ............................................................................................................... A-10
A.5 DATA LOGGER .......................................................................................................... A-11
A.5.1 TRANSFERRING A DATA LOG FILE...............................................................................................A-12
A.5.2 VIEWING A DATA LOG FILE IN STRIP CHART FORMAT ..........................................................A-12
A.5.3 DELETING A DATA LOG FILE .........................................................................................................A-13
A.6 UPLOADING SOFTWARE ON THE DDF4088 AND DDF4488 ........................... A-13
A.6.1 UPGRADING THE FLOWMETER SOFTWARE WITH POLYLINK...............................................A-14
A.6.2 INITIAL UPGRADES OF THE DDF4088 (NON-POLYLINK UPGRADE) ......................................A-17
A.6.3 ENTERING THE SERIAL NUMBER FOR DDF4088 UPGRADES ..................................................A-22
A.7 GRAPHICAL SIGNAL ANALYSIS FOR THE DDF4088 AND DDF4488 ........... A-22
APPENDIX B:
PIPE SCHEDULES....................................................................B-1
APPENDIX C:
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPECIFIC GRAVITY, VISCOSITY,
AND SOUND VELOCITY FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ...C-1
APPENDIX D:
FLUID SOUND VELOCITIES
AND KINEMATIC VISCOSITIES ........................................D-1
APPENDIX E:
GLOSSARY ................................................................................E-1
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APPENDIX F:
CONFIGURING THE DCT SERIES FLOWMETER
WITH TimeGATE ™ .................................................................. F-1
F.1 THE TimeGATE ™ ENVIRONMENT ...........................................................................F-1
F.1.1 DEFINITIONS ......................................................................................................................................... F-1
F.1.2 MOUSE OPERATION ............................................................................................................................ F-4
F.1.3 KEYBOARD OPERATION .................................................................................................................... F-4
F.2 INSTALLING TimeGATE ™ ..........................................................................................F-4
F.3 RUNNING TimeGATE ™ ................................................................................................F-5
F.4 CONFIGURING THE FLOWMETER .........................................................................F-6
F.4.1 PIPE OPTION GROUP............................................................................................................................ F-9
F.4.2 LINER OPTION GROUP ...................................................................................................................... F-11
F.4.3 FLUID OPTION GROUP ...................................................................................................................... F-13
F.4.4 TRANSDUCER OPTION GROUP ....................................................................................................... F-14
F.4.5 CALIBRATION OPTION GROUP ....................................................................................................... F-15
F.4.6 FLOW OPTION GROUP....................................................................................................................... F-19
F.4.7 TOTALIZER OPTION GROUP ............................................................................................................ F-22
F.4.8 4-20 mA CURRENT LOOP OPTION GROUP.................................................................................... F-24
F.4.9 RELAYS OPTION GROUP .................................................................................................................. F-27
F.4.10 OPTIONS GROUP............................................................................................................................... F-29
F.4.11 DISPLAY OPTION GROUP ............................................................................................................... F-30
F.5 VIEWING THE FLOW DATA IN THE GRAPH TAB ............................................F-31
F.6 RS232 COMMUNICATIONS ......................................................................................F-34
F.6.1 WHEN TimeGATE™ CANNOT CONNECT ...................................................................................... F-34
F.6.2 CHANGING THE BAUD RATE ON THE FLOWMETER ................................................................. F-35
F.6.3 RUNNING TimeGATE™ IN AN OFFLINE SESSION ....................................................................... F-36
F.6.4 COMMUNICATIONS TEST MESSAGE ............................................................................................. F-36
F.7 MANUFACTURING DATA.........................................................................................F-37
F.8 MASTER ERASE FUNCTION ....................................................................................F-38
F.9 UPGRADING THE FLOWMETER SOFTWARE....................................................F-40
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PRODUCT OVERVIEW
1.1 Introduction
The DCT-7088 Digital Correlation Transit Time Flowmeter is a member of the Polysonics
series of Tyme Flyte ultrasonic instruments. This microprocessor-based instrument is used
to measure the flow of clean, homogeneous liquids (liquids without large concentrations of
suspended particles or gasses such as air bubbles.) The flowmeter is non-invasive, which
means that it measures flow from outside the pipe. Its transducers can be mounted to a pipe
within a matter of minutes, and flow measurements may be made without stopping the
flow or physically contacting it in any way.
The flowmeter is configured using an integrated keypad and display for entering variables
such as pipe size, material, wall thickness, and fluid type (Chapter 3). The flowmeter
displays the flow rate and the totalized volume is either English or metric engineering
units. In addition, it can be remotely configured and monitored via the RS232 interface
mode using the PolyLink flowmeter data link utility (Appendix A). Alternatively, the
flowmeter can be configured and the signal can be graphically analyzed in a Microsoft
Windows® environment using the Polysonics TimeGATE ™ utility (Appendix F).
1.2 Theory of Operation
Sound waves travel in fluids at a specific velocity depending on the type of fluid. If the
fluid is moving, the sound wave travels at a velocity equal to the sum of the speed of sound
in the fluid and the velocity of the fluid itself. A sound wave traveling in the same
direction as the fluid flow (downstream) will arrive sooner than a sound wave traveling
against the flow (upstream). The DCT-7088 transit time flowmeter operates by measuring
the difference in time required for sound waves to travel between externally mounted
downstream and upstream transducers (Figure 1-1). Based on the transit time of the two
sound waves, the flowmeter calculates the average fluid velocity.
Several variables must be taken into consideration, however. The overall velocity of the
fluid is actually made up of many individual local velocities that vary according to their
distance from the pipe wall. The velocities in the center of the pipe are higher than the
velocities near the pipe wall. The combination of these individual velocities for a specific
type of fluid within a specific pipe yield a velocity distribution known as the flow profile
(Figure 1-2). By properly configuring the flowmeter, the effects of the flow profile are
taken into consideration when calculating the mean fluid velocity. The flowmeter then
multiplies this velocity by the pipe’s cross-sectional area to obtain volumetric flow.
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Figure 1-1 Typical Transit Time System
Figure 1-2 Flow Profiles
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1.3 Transit Time Accuracy
Non-invasive ultrasonic measurements are subject to a variety of effects that can influence
measurement accuracy. All ultrasonic instruments are velocity measuring devices and only
infer volumetric flow from the operator entered parameter of pipe inside diameter (ID). As
this value is squared to get cross-sectional area, a 1% error yields a 2% error in volumetric
flow. In practice, commercially fabricated pipe seldom has ID consistency much tighter
than 1% and, unless the pipe to be measured has been miked recently, this uncertainty is
not reducible through instrument calibration.
The more sophisticated transit time flowmeters incorporate flow profile corrections to
compensate for the pipe's cross-sectional velocity profile with changing Reynolds number.
This requires, however, that the roughness of the inside of the pipe to be measured is
known. The instrument may well infer a roughness if none is entered by the operator, but
that is only a guess based on the characteristics of new pipe. Pipes can, of course,
accumulate deposits which may not only reduce the ID, but affect the roughness as well.
Errors on the order of 2% as a result of this phenomenon are not uncommon.
While other factors may influence instrument accuracy to a lesser extent, the issues
described above are the major elements of the pipe dependency of absolute instrument
accuracy. While calibration on a reference flow loop under known conditions is a useful
exercise to determine the accuracy potential of an instrument, it is not a guarantee of
absolute accuracy on different pipes under field conditions.
1.4 Operating the Flowmeter
The flowmeter must be configured and the transducers must be properly spaced and
installed in order for the flowmeter to detect ultrasonic signals and measure flow. The
flowmeter can be quickly set up for operation by following the minimal steps listed in the
Quick Setup procedure (Section 3.5). The flowmeter should also be calibrated for the
specific site if accuracy at very low flow rates is important (Chapter 5).
1.4.1 RS232 PORT
The flowmeter can be configured and monitored locally with the integrated keypad and
display or remotely through the RS232 port. RS232 communications with the flowmeter
requires an IBM-compatible PC and the PolyLink or TimeGATE ™ flowmeter utilities. In
addition to remote monitoring and configuring functions, PolyLink allows data log files to
be transferred to the PC. These files can then be imported into a word processor, a
spreadsheet, or simply printed out. Refer to Appendix A for more information on PolyLink
and to Appendix F for more information on TimeGATE ™.
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1.5 Power
The DCT-7088 is a DC powered instrument that normally operates from an internal 12 volt
battery supplied with the unit. It may also be powered by one of the following sources
which connect to the 12-15 volt DC input on the breakout box:
!
Battery charger/AC adapter (converts a 90 to 264 volt AC, 50/60 Hertz, 15 watt input
to a 15 volt DC output)
!
Automobile cigarette lighter adapter (provides a 12 volt DC output from an automobile
cigarette lighter jack)
If the battery charger/AC adapter is connected, it simultaneously powers the flowmeter and
recharges (or maintains the charge) on the internal battery. The battery charges at a slower
rate when the battery charger/AC adapter is used to both power the unit and charge the
battery.
For more information on the breakout box, refer to Section 2.1.
1.5.1 FUSES
The design of the flowmeter includes the following 3-ampere fuses:
!
One located on the front panel of the flowmeter in the upper right corner
(Figure 1-3) to protect against overcurrent or short circuits from the internal battery
!
One located in the breakout box to protect against overcurrent from the output of the
battery charger/AC adapter
The fuse inside the breakout box is accessible by removing the four screws securing its
cover. Power should be disconnected prior to replacing any fuse.
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Figure 1-3 External Features of the DCT-7088
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1.6 External Features
The following is a description of the external features of the DCT-7088 (Figure 1-3):
Printer Port
The printer port provides an output for the optional external thermal printer for printing
flow data, diagnostic messages, etc. The printer port connects to a special printer cable
which has a 3-pin round connector on the flowmeter end and a DB9 connector on the
printer end. For more information on the printer, refer to Section 2.1.2.
ON/OFF Keys
The flowmeter is turned on or off by pressing these keys.
Battery Low Light
If the flowmeter is not connected to the battery charger/AC adapter, the red Battery Low
light comes on after approximately 7 or 14 hours of operation depending upon the size of
the internal battery. To protect the battery from excessive discharging, the flowmeter
automatically shuts down after approximately one additional hour. The battery must then
be recharged.
Charging Light
The yellow Charging light indicates when the battery is charging. (The flowmeter must be
connected to the battery charger/AC Adapter.) The battery charges at a slower rate when
the flowmeter is in operation. The battery cannot be overcharged.
Instrument On Light
The green Instrument On light comes on whenever the flowmeter is on (after the ON key is
pressed).
Fuse
The 3 ampere, 250 volt fuse located on the front panel protects the flowmeter from battery
overcurrent and short circuits. Another fuse with the same rating is located in the breakout
box (Section 1.5.1).
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Display
The display is a 40-character liquid crystal display (LCD). All messages, menu data, and
alarms are shown on the display. It is readable in direct sunlight and has a backlight for
viewing in low-light conditions. In addition, the contrast is adjustable. The backlight
remains on for approximately 2 minutes after the last key is pressed, then turns off to
conserve battery power. Refer to Section 3.1 for more information on the display.
Keypad
The flowmeter has a pressure-sensitive membrane keypad, which is used to access menus,
enter configuration parameters, and control the functions of the flowmeter. Refer to
Section 3.1 for more information on the keypad.
Downstream Transducer Connector and
Upstream Transducer Connector
There are two BNC connectors located on the right side of the flowmeter that connect to
the upstream and downstream transducer cables. When viewing the case in the normal
opened position (Figure 1-3), the upstream connector is in the upper position and the
downstream connector is beneath it.
Breakout Box Interface Connector
The breakout box interface connector connects the flowmeter to the breakout box. The
breakout box provides a variety of functions including connecting DC voltage from the
battery charger/AC adapter to the flowmeter to charge the battery. Refer to Section 2.1 for
more information on the breakout box functions.
1.7 Software Upgrades
The flowmeter can be upgraded in the field by downloading new software into its FLASH
memory (Appendices A and F). The software version number that is installed in the
flowmeter is displayed in Menu 94. Contact the local Polysonics representative or the
factory to determine the current version available. Software updates are provided either by
notification from the factory or at the request of the user.
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1.8. Standard Configuration and Options
The standard configuration and options for the DCT-7088 flowmeter are designated by the
model code numbers listed in Table 1-1. For example, the model code DCT7088 1 B 16A
describes a flowmeter with the following options:
!
8-hour battery
!
Windows 95® version of the TimeGATE ™ configuration and analysis program
!
16 feet of transducer cable
Table 1-1
DCT-7088 Flowmeter Standard Configuration and Options
Description
Model Code
Number
Portable Digital Correlation Transit Time Flowmeter 1
DCT-7088
TimeGATE ™ Configuration and Analysis Program 1
®
! Windows 3.11 version 2
®
! Windows 95 version
A
B
Battery Duration
! 8 hours 1
! 16 hours
1
2
Transducer Cable Length
! 16 ft (5 m) 1
16A
! Additional cable length 3
XXXA
Additional Options
! Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge (UTG), English units
! Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge (UTG), Metric units
! Thermal printer kit
! High temperature transducer block 4
0704/0188
0704/0187
22334-0001
20739-0001
1 Standard items.
2 The Windows® 3.11 version of TimeGATE ™ is compatibles with Windows® versions 3.1 and higher.
3 Additional cable is available in increments of 10 feet to a maximum length of 1,000 feet.
4 High temperature transducer blocks allow transducer mounting with pipe skin temperatures of
-40 to +470°F (-40 to +243°C).
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1.9 Technical Specifications
Table 1-2 lists the physical, performance, and functional specifications of the DCT-7088:
Table 1-2
DCT-7088 Flowmeter Specifications
Performance specifications 1
Flow range
±0 to 50 FPS (±0 to 15 MPS).
Accuracy
±0.5% of velocity or ±0.05 FPS (0.0152 MPS), typical on a calibrated
system/digital output
Sensitivity
0.001 FPS (0.3 mm per sec) at any flow rate including zero.
Linearity
0.1% of scale, digital output
Pipe size
1 to 200 in (25 mm to 5 m).
Fluid
Homogeneous liquids without gas bubbles.
Functional specifications
Outputs
!
!
4 to 20 mA (into 1,000 ohms), 12 bit, isolated.
RS232 serial interface.
Power supply
Built-in lead acid gel battery, providing:
! 8 hours continuous operation (standard).
! 16 hours continuous operation (optional).
Keypad
19-key with tactile action.
Display
40-character, 2-line, alphanumeric, backlit LCD.
Screens include present and total flow, velocity, signal strength, and
delta T.
Data logger
" 65,000 data points, time stamped.
Programmable in 1-second intervals.
Temperature 2
Instrument:
-5 to +140°F (-20 to +60°C).
Transducers:
!
-40 to +300°F (-40 to +150°C), standard.
!
-40 to +470°F (-40 to +243°C, when using optional hightemperature transducer blocks.
Physical specifications
Transmitter
NEMA 6 (IP67), waterproof against accidental immersion and splashproof
with lid open.
Transducers
Encapsulated design.
Standard cable length: 16 ft (5 m).
Transmitter weight
Approximately 11 lbs (4.9 kg) with standard 8-hour battery.
Approximately 15 lbs (6.8 kg) with optional 16-hour battery.
1 Performance specifications are established under reference conditions.
2 Consult factory for higher operating temperatures than those listed.
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SYSTEM COMPONENTS
2.1 Breakout Box Components
The breakout box components are illustrated in Figure 2-1. The breakout box connects the
flowmeter through the 7-pin circular breakout box connector . The breakout box
provides an interface for the following connections:
!
15 volt DC power input from the battery charger/AC adapter
(Section 1.5)
!
6 volt DC output cable
!
RS232 serial port for transferring data log files, for providing connection to a remote
terminal, and for other computer applications (Appendices A and F)
!
4-20 milliampere current loop output terminals
for charging the printer battery (Section 2.1.2)
(Chapter 6)
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Figure 2-1 Breakout Box Components
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2.1.1 BATTERY CHARGER/AC ADAPTER
The battery charger/AC adapter has a removable AC power cable and converts 110-250
volt AC to 15 volts DC. The DC power output cable connects to the breakout box at the
DC input connector .
When connected to the breakout box, the battery charger/AC adapter performs the
following functions:
!
Charges the flowmeter battery through the 7-pin circular connector
!
Provides immediate power to operate the unit if the battery is discharged
!
Provides voltage to charge/power the printer as required
!
Provides the driving voltage for the 4 to 20 mA current output if configured to drive the
loop.
2.1.2 PRINTER
An optional external thermal printer is available for use with the flowmeter for printing
flow data, diagnostic messages, etc. For complete printer operating instructions, refer to
the instruction manual supplied with the printer.
Charging the Printer Battery
The printer battery is charged by connecting the printer to the printer power cable
breakout box (when the battery charger/AC adapter is connected).
CAUTION:
on the
Note the following precautions:
! The printer battery charge time for a fully discharged battery is 15
hours. To avoid damage to the battery, do not charge for more than
24 hours.
! Do not connect the battery charger/ac adapter directly to the printer
to charge the printer battery. The voltage and polarity output of the
charger do not match the required input of the printer. If they are
directly connected, the printer battery can explode or the printer can
be seriously damaged.
Printing Procedure
To print from the flowmeter:
1. Connect the printer cable from the serial port on the printer to the printer port on the
upper left of the flowmeter’s control panel (Figure 1-3).
NOTE: The printer port on the panel is covered with a protective metal cap.)
2. Follow the procedures for using the print menus in Section 3.6.14.
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2.2 Slide Track
The transducer slide track (Figure 2-2) comes standard with the DCT-7088. In many
applications, the slide track allows the user to accurately space the transducers before
mounting them as a single assembly on the pipe. Refer to Section 4.2.1 for procedures and
limitations related to the slide track.
Figure 2-2 Slide Track
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2.3 Current Loop Wiring and Current Loop Powering Option
The flowmeter has a 4 to 20 milliampere (4 to 20 mA) current loop output. The current
loop can be selected to be self-powered or loop-powered. The wiring connections to the
current loop vary depending on which powering option is selected.
NOTE: For information on calibrating and testing the current loop and setting the current
loop span, refer to Chapter 6.
The flowmeter comes shipped with the current loop self-powered. For loop-powered
operation, the current loop must be driven from an external supply. In this case the
flowmeter acts as a passive two-wire transmitter. The current loop powering option is set
by moving jumpers on the current loop board which is located inside the breakout box.
(Four screws must be removed from the back of the breakout box to access the jumpers.)
A diagram of the jumper settings is located on the inside cover of the breakout box and is
also illustrated in Figure 2-3.
NOTE:
CAUTION:
The current loop output is rated for a loop resistance of up to 1000 ohms and is
isolated for up to 5 kV when loop powered.
To avoid possible damage to the flowmeter due to an accidental short,
disconnect power before removing the back cover of the breakout box.
(Disconnect the breakout box from the flowmeter and from the AC
adapter/battery charger.)
Figure 2-3 Current Loop Power Jumper Settings for DCT-7088
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After the loop powering option has been set, the current loop wiring should be connected.
The current loop has an input terminal and an output terminal (indicated as IN and OUT on
the outer breakout box label). Connections for the self-powered option are illustrated in
Figure 2-4 and connections for the loop-powered option are illustrated in Figure 2-5.
Figure 2-4
Wiring Diagram for Self Powered Current Loop
Figure 2-5
Wiring Diagram for Loop Powered Current Loop
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CONFIGURING AND OPERATING THE
FLOWMETER
This chapter provides step by step procedures for configuring and operating the instrument
with the keypad and display. The configuration settings are stored in non-volatile memory
to protect them in the event of a power failure.
After the flowmeter has been configured, the transducers are spaced and installed on the
pipe (Chapter 4). If accuracy at low flows is important, the flowmeter should also be
calibrated (Chapter 5).
NOTE: The instrument can also be configured through the RS232 interface with an IBMcompatible PC using the PolyLink or TimeGATE ™ utilities (Appendices A
and F).
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3.1 Keypad and Display
The keypad provides access to the microprocessor for configuring the flowmeter. The
keypad entries are viewed on the instrument’s 40-character LCD display. During
operation, the display indicates the flow rate and totalizer values. The display is backlit for
ease of viewing in low-light conditions and has a variable contrast setting (Section 3.1.2).
3.1.1 KEYPAD AND DISPLAY COMPONENTS
The components of the keypad and display (Figure 3-1) are as follows:
!
LCD Display
!
Numeric keys
!
UP, DOWN, LEFT, and RIGHT ARROW keys
!
ENTER key
!
ERASE key
which operates like the BACKSPACE key on a computer. The ERASE
key deletes the last entered value from the keypad. In addition, pressing ERASE from
most setup and diagnostic menus accesses the Main Menu. Pressing ERASE a second
time accesses Menu 00 (the Flow Rate and Net Totalizer display).
!
MENU key
, including the 0 through 9 keys and the decimal (.) key.
for scrolling.
, which operates like the ENTER key on a computer.
, which provides access to the flowmeter’s setup and diagnostic menus
(Section 3.3)
Figure 3-1 Keypad and Display
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3.1.2 DISPLAY CONTRAST AND BACKLIGHT
The display is backlit for ease of viewing in low-light conditions. To save battery life, the
backlight shuts off automatically after several minutes have passed without a keypad entry.
The display has a variable contrast setting. Contrast may need to be adjusted as the
ambient temperature changes from very hot to very cold.
To adjust the contrast:
1. Press MENU.
2. Press the +/- key.
The following is displayed:
LCD Contrast
3. Press the RIGHT or LEFT ARROW keys to adjust the contrast.
4. Press ENTER when complete.
3.2 Direct Menu Access
Each setup and diagnostic menu has a unique two-digit address allowing the menus to be
directly accessed.
To directly access a menu:
1. Press MENU.
The letter M appears in the lower right corner of the display:
M
2. Enter the desired menu’s two-digit address.
NOTE: The address must be entered while the M is displayed (approximately 4
seconds). If the M is no longer displayed, MENU must be pressed again before
entering the address.
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Table 3-1 provides a list of the menu addresses:
Table 3-1
Menu Addresses
PRIMARY DISPLAYS:
Flow/Net Totalizer (Menu 00)
Flow/Velocity (Menu 01)
Flow/Positive Totalizer (Menu 02)
Flow/Negative Totalizer (Menu 03)
Signal Strength/Low Signal Cutoff (Menu 04)
PIPE:
Pipe OD (Menu 10)
Pipe Wall Thickness (Menu 11)
Pipe ID (Menu 12)
Pipe Material (Menu 13)
Pipe Sound Speed (Menu 14)
Pipe Inside Roughness (Menu 15)
LINER:
Liner Material (Menu 16)
Liner Thickness (Menu 17)
Liner Sound Speed (Menu 18)
Liner Inside Roughness (Menu 19)
FLUID:
Fluid Type (Menu 20)
Fluid Sound Speed (Menu 21)
Fluid Viscosity (Menu 22)
TRANSDUCER:
Transducer Type (Menu 23)
Transducer Mounting (Menu 24)
Transducer Spacing (Menu 25)
FLOW:
Flow Units (Menu 30)
Max Flow Range (Menu 31)
Min Flow Range (Menu 32)
Damping (Menu 33)
Low Flow Cutoff (Menu 34)
Low Signal Cutoff (Menu 35)
TOTALIZER:
Totalizer Units (Menu 36)
Totalizer Multiplier (Menu 37)
Net Totalizer (Menu 38)
Positive Totalizer (Menu 39)
Negative Totalizer (Menu 40)
Totalizer Reset (Menu 41)
OPTIONS:
Measurement Units (Menu 42)
Site Parameters (Menu 43)
RS232 Configuration (Menu 46)
Change System Password (Menu 47)
Change Scale Factor Password (Menu 48)
Unit ID (Menu 49)
CALIBRATION (Menu 50):
Zero Set (Menu 51)
Scale Factor (Menu 52)
Sound Speed Compensation (Menu 53)
Date and Time (Menu 54)
CURRENT LOOP (Menu 56):
Current Loop Span (Menu 57)
Current Loop Calibration (Menu 58)
Current Loop Test (Menu 59)
ALARMS (Menu 70):
Program Alarms (Menu 71)
View Alarms (Menu 72)
DATA LOG
Data Log Setup (Menu 80)
Data Log Interval (Menu 81)
DIAGNOSTICS:
Signal Strength/Margin (Menu 90)
Delta Time/Fluid Sound Speed (Menu 91)
Reynolds #/Profile Factor (Menu 92)
Current Loop Output (Menu 93)
Software/Firmware Rev. Level (Menu 94)
PRINT:
Print Log Setup (Menu 96)
Prints Settings (Menu 97)
Prints Diagnostics (Menu 98)
Prints Current Screen (Menu 99)
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3.3 Accessing the Menus by Scrolling
A menu can be accessed directly with a two digit address (Section 3.2) or by scrolling
through the flowmeter’s menu structure. The menus are organized into the following basic
levels:
!
Main Menu
!
Sub-menus
!
Primary Displays, setup menus, and diagnostic menus
The Main Menu displays various sub-menus. The sub-menus contain the individual setup
and diagnostic menus.
3.3.1 SCROLLING THROUGH THE MAIN MENU AND SUB-MENUS
To access the Main Menu from any screen:
1. Press the MENU key twice.
The Main Menu is displayed. The Main Menu contains sub-menus, which are preceded
by a solid square !, as follows:
Main Menu
! Liner
! Pipe
The following additional sub-menus are displayed in the Main Menu by scrolling with the
UP or DOWN ARROW keys:
! Pipe
! Liner
! Fluid
! Xducer
! Flow
! Total.
! Options
! Calibr.
! 4-20mA
! Alarms
! DataLog.
! Diagn
2. Move the cursor in the Main Menu using the UP or DOWN ARROW keys.
3. When the desired sub-menu is highlighted, press ENTER.
The first menu of the selected sub-menu is displayed. For example, if the sub-menu
FLOW were selected, the following menu would be displayed:
Flow Units
*Gallons
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3.3.2 SCROLLING THROUGH PRIMARY DISPLAYS, SETUP MENUS, AND
DIAGNOSTIC MENUS
The user can move from one Primary Display, setup menu, or diagnostic menu to another
within the same sub-menu by scrolling. Pressing the DOWN ARROW key displays the next
display or menu, while pressing the UP ARROW key displays the previous one.
3.4 Entering Data in the Setup Menus
This section provides basic procedures for entering configuration data which is done in the
setup menus. Some setup menus allow a numeric value to be entered, while others offer
non-numeric selections. Refer to Section 3.6 for more detailed information on specific
menus.
The following is an example of a setup menu which requires a numeric entry:
PIPE ID
4.02 INCHES
In a non-numeric selection menu, an asterisk is displayed to the left of the selection
currently entered in the flowmeter. The following is an example of a non-numeric selection
setup menu:
Pipe Material
*CARBON STEEL
To use the setup menus to configure the flowmeter:
1. Access the setup menus one at a time using the direct menu access method
(Section 3.2) and/or the scrolling method (Section 3.3).
IMPORTANT: As a minimal requirement, the setup menus that are listed in the Quick
Setup procedure (Section 3.5) must be configured.
2. If the setup menu requires a numeric entry, use the numeric keys and press ENTER
when complete. (If an error is made while entering a numeric value, use the ERASE
key to delete it.)
3. If the setup menu offers a non-numeric selection:
!
Press ENTER.
The asterisk changes to a flashing cursor.
!
Use the arrow keys to scroll through the available selections.
!
When the cursor is to the left of the desired selection, press ENTER to select it.
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4. Complete the configuration process by accessing one of the Primary Displays
(Menu 00 through 04).
IMPORTANT: The flowmeter will not use the new parameters until one of the Primary
Displays is accessed.
3.5 Quick Setup
The Quick Setup procedure provides the minimal steps required for configuring the
flowmeter to enable it to calculate transducer spacing, acquire ultrasonic signal, and
measure flow. The Quick Setup procedure is also provided on the Quick Setup Card.
The Quick Setup procedure is as follows:
1. Select a proper transducer site, following the guidelines in Section 4.1.
2. Enter the pipe OD (Menu 10).
3. Enter the pipe ID (Menu 12).
4. Enter the pipe material (Menu 13).
5. Enter the liner material if any (Menu 16).
6. Enter the liner thickness if any (Menu 17).
7. Enter the fluid type (Menu 20).
8. Enter the transducer type (Menu 23).
9. Enter the transducer mounting method (Menu 24).
Once these critical setup parameters are entered, the flowmeter calculates the proper
transducer spacing. The spacing is displayed in Menu 25.
10. Enter the flow rate units (Menu 30).
11. Install the transducers on the pipe, using the spacing measurement provided by the
flowmeter (Section 4.2) and connect the transducer cables to the flowmeter.
12. Access one of the Primary Displays (Menu 00 through 04) to complete the
configuration process.
The flowmeter is now capable of measuring velocity and flow.
IMPORTANT: If any of the above setup parameters are changed, the flowmeter stops
measuring flow until the new value is entered and until one of the Primary
Displays (Menu 00 through 04) is accessed to accept the new value.
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3.6 Primary Displays, Setup Menus, and Diagnostic Menus
This section describes the functions of the Primary Displays, the setup menus, and the
diagnostic menus. These displays and menus are described in numerical order according to
their menu addresses. The menus are also are listed under their appropriate sub-menus (for
example PIPE or LINER). These displays and menus can be accessed using cursor scrolling
(Section 3.3) or direct access (Section 3.2).
The Primary Displays are for viewing only and are not configurable. The setup menus are
used primarily to enter configuration data or to view the flowmeter’s current configuration
settings. Diagnostic menus are used for viewing various diagnostic parameters and are not
configurable. In addition, certain data may be printed by entering one of three available
print commands (Section 3.6.14).
IMPORTANT: The flowmeter ships from the factory with the system password and scale
factor password disabled. To maximize security, new passwords should be
entered immediately. Refer to Menus 47 and 48 in Section 3.6.8.
3.6.1 PRIMARY DISPLAYS
This section describes the Primary Displays which
display the values for the flow rate, totalizers, velocity,
signal strength, or low signal cutoff (Menu 00
through 04). These displays are for viewing only.
(They are not configurable.)
NOTE: Refer to Section 3.6.7 for information on
enabling and configuring the totalizers.
Flow/Net Totalizer (Menu 00)
The Flow/Net Totalizer display is the standard display
used under normal operating conditions. It displays the
flow rate and the net totalizer value. If the net totalizer
is not currently enabled, this display indicates the last
net totalized value.
Flow=
Net
0.00 GPM
0 x0.1Gal
Flow=
Vel =
0.00 GPM
0.00 FPS
Flow/Velocity (Menu 01)
The Flow/Velocity display indicates the flow rate and
fluid velocity. Velocity is displayed in feet per second
(FPS) if ENGLISH is selected as the measurement unit
in Menu 42 and in meters per second if METRIC is
selected.
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Flow/Positive Totalizer (Menu 02)
The Flow/Positive Totalizer display indicates the flow
rate and the totalized flow in the positive flow
direction. This display is available only if the positive
totalizer is enabled in Menu 39.
Flow=
Pos
0.00 GPM
0 x0.1Gal
Flow=
Neg
0.00 GPM
0 x0.1Gal
Flow/Negative Totalizer (Menu 03)
The Flow/Negative Totalizer display indicates the flow
rate and the totalized flow in the negative flow
direction. This display is available only if the negative
totalizer is enabled in Menu 40.
Signal Strength/Low Signal Cutoff (Menu 04)
The Signal Strength/Low Signal Cutoff display
indicates the values for signal strength and low signal
cutoff.
SigStr =
Cutoff =
0
2
NOTE: Refer to Menu 35 for information on setting
the low signal cutoff.
3.6.2 PIPE SETUP MENUS
The PIPE sub-menu contains the setup menus related
to the pipe parameters such as pipe inner diameter (ID)
and pipe material.
The pipe inner diameter (ID), outside diameter (OD),
and pipe wall thickness parameters are entered in this
sub-menu. If any two of these three parameters are
entered, the flowmeter calculates the third remaining
parameter automatically. Actual measurements (not
nominal) must be entered, and precision is important;
accuracy is directly affected by the square of any error
in pipe dimensions.
Pipe OD (Menu 10)
This menu is used to enter the pipe outside diameter
(OD). Alternatively, the pipe circumference can be
entered and the flowmeter will calculate the pipe OD
automatically.
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To enter the pipe OD:
1. Access Menu 10.
Pipe OD
13.87 inches
2. Enter the value for the pipe OD and press ENTER.
3. Press the DOWN ARROW key.
Select Option
! Circum
! Actual
4. Select one of the following:
!
ACTUAL if the value entered for the pipe OD is
an actual measurement
!
CIRCUM if the value entered is the pipe
circumference
Pipe Wall Thickness (Menu 11)
This menu is used to enter the wall thickness of the
pipe.
Pipe Wall Thickness
0.38 inches
Pipe ID (Menu 12)
This menu is used to enter the pipe inner diameter
(ID).
Pipe ID
13.12 inches
Pipe Material (Menu 13)
This menu is used to select one of the following pipe
materials:
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Pipe Material
*CARBON STEEL
CARBON STEEL
STAINLESS STEEL
CAST IRON
DUCTILE IRON
COPPER
PVC
PVDF LOW DENSITY
PVDF HI DENSITY
ALUMINUM
ASBESTOS
FIBERGLASS-EPOXY
OTHER
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NOTE: The selection OTHER denotes any material
not listed. If OTHER is selected, the pipe
sound speed (Menu 14) and pipe inside
roughness (Menu 15) must be entered.
Pipe Sound Speed (Menu 14)
This menu is configurable only if OTHER was selected
for the pipe material in Menu 13. The pipe sound speed
of the OTHER material should be entered in this menu.
If OTHER was not selected, this menu is available only
by the direct access method and not by scrolling. In
this case, this menu functions as a view-only display to
indicate the pipe sound speed from the flowmeter’s
data base.
Pipe Sound Speed
10440 FPS
Pipe Inside Roughness (Menu 15)
for the pipe material in Menu 13. The pipe inside
roughness of the OTHER material should be entered in
this menu. Data on this parameter is available from the
Cameron Hydraulic Data Book published by IngersollRand. If OTHER was not selected, this menu is
available only by the direct access method and not by
scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a viewonly display to indicate the pipe inside roughness from
the flowmeter’s data base.
Pipe Roughness
0.000150 Ft
NOTE: The number entered for pipe roughness is not
important on lined pipes. In this case, the liner
inside roughness should be entered in
Menu 19.
3.6.3 LINER SETUP MENUS
The LINER sub-menu contains the setup menus related
to the liner, such as material and thickness.
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Liner Material (Menu 16)
This menu is used to select one of the following liner
materials:
!
NONE (no liner)
!
TAR EPOXY
!
RUBBER
!
MORTAR
!
POLYPROPYLENE
!
POLYSTYROL
!
POLYSTYRENE
!
POLYESTER
!
POLYETHYLENE
!
EBONITE
!
TEFLON
!
OTHER
Liner Material
*POLYETHYLENE
NOTE: The selection OTHER denotes a material not
listed. If OTHER is selected, the liner sound
speed (Menu 18) and liner inside roughness
(Menu 19) must be entered.
Liner Thickness (Menu 17)
This menu is used to enter the thickness of the liner.
Liner Sound Speed (Menu 18)
for the liner material in Menu 16. The liner sound
speed of the OTHER material should be entered in this
menu. If OTHER was not selected, this menu is
scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a viewonly display to indicate the liner sound speed from the
flowmeter’s data base.
Liner Thickness
0.00 Inches
Liner Sound Speed
8203.00 FPS
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Liner Inside Roughness (Menu 19)
This menu is available only if OTHER was selected for
the liner material in Menu 16. The liner inside
roughness of the OTHER material should be entered in
this menu. Data on this parameter is available from the
Cameron Hydraulic Data Book published by IngersollRand. If OTHER was not selected, this menu is
scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a viewonly display to indicate the liner inside roughness from
the flowmeter’s data base.
Liner Roughness
0.001000
3.6.4 FLUID SETUP MENUS
The FLUID sub-menu contains the setup menus related
to the fluid being measured.
Fluid Type (Menu 20)
This menu is used to select one of the following fluid
types:
!
WATER
!
SEA WATER
!
KEROSENE
!
GASOLINE
!
FUEL OIL #2
!
CRUDE OIL
!
PROPANE (-45°C)
!
BUTANE (0°C)
!
OTHER
Fluid Type
*GASOLINE
NOTE: The selection OTHER denotes a fluid type not
listed. If OTHER is selected, the fluid sound
speed (Menu 21) and fluid viscosity
(Menu 22) must next be entered for this fluid
type.
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Fluid Sound Speed (Menu 21)
for the fluid type in Menu 20. The fluid sound speed of
the OTHER fluid type should be entered in this menu.
(Refer to Appendices C and D for information on fluid
sound speeds.) If OTHER was not selected, this menu
is available only by the direct access method and not
by scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a
view-only display to indicate the fluid sound speed
from the flowmeter’s data base.
Fluid Sound Speed
4863.33 FPS
Fluid Viscosity (Menu 22)
for the fluid type in Menu 20. The kinematic viscosity
of the OTHER fluid type should be entered in this
menu. (Refer to Appendices C and D for information
on fluid viscosities.) If OTHER was not selected, this
menu is available only by the direct access method and
not by scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a
view-only display to indicate the viscosity of the
selected fluid from the flowmeter’s data base.
Fluid Viscosity
1.130 cSt
3.6.5 TRANSDUCER SETUP MENUS
The XDUCER sub-menu contains the setup menus
related to transducer type, mounting method, and
spacing requirements.
Transducer Type (Menu 23)
This menu is used to enter the type of transducer
connected to the flowmeter. The selections are:
!
STANDARD
!
HI-TEMP
Transducer Type
*Standard
Hi-Temp
STANDARD should be selected unless the optional
high-temperature transducer blocks are used
(Section 4.5).
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Transducer Mounting (Menu 24)
This menu is used to select one of the following
transducer mounting methods:
!
V
!
W
!
Z
Transducer Mount
*V Mt. Z Mt. W Mt.
Refer to Section 4.4 for more information on the
transducer mounting methods.
Transducer Spacing (Menu 25)
This view-only menu indicates the required spacing
between the transducers. This spacing is calculated by
the flowmeter once the parameters listed in the Quick
Setup procedure have been entered. Refer to
Section 4.2 for more information on transducer
spacing.
Transducer Spacing
5.93 Inches
3.6.6 FLOW SETUP MENUS
The FLOW sub-menu contains the setup menus related
to flow.
Flow Units (Menu 30)
This menu is used to select the flow rate units.
Volumetric units are displayed first, followed by the
associated time (per) units.
Flow Units
*Gallons
To select the flow rate units:
1. Select one of the following volumetric units:
!
GALLONS
!
LITERS
!
MGAL (million gallons)
!
CUBIC FT
!
CUBIC METERS
!
ACRE FT
!
OIL BARRELS
!
LIQUOR BARRELS
!
FEET
!
METERS
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Flow Units Per
Sec
*Min
Hour
4. Select one of the following time unit (per) options:
!
SEC
!
MIN
!
HR (million gallons)
!
DAY
Max Flow Range (Menu 31) and
Min Flow Range (Menu 32)
These menus are used to enter the minimum and
maximum flow values for setting the volumetric flow
range. Setting the optimum flow range generally
improves the flowmeter’s response time.
NOTE: Whenever the pipe ID is changed, the
flowmeter returns the volumetric flow range
to its default settings. The default settings are
the minimum and maximum flows for the
new pipe ID that occur at +32 and -32 FPS
(+9.76 and -9.76 MPS).
Max Flow
2000.00 GPM
Min Flow
-2000.00 GPM
Damping (Menu 33)
This menu is used to enter the value for the damping
coefficient. The damping coefficient suppresses short
term fluctuations in the indicated flow rate. The
displayed flow rate and the 4 to 20 mA current loop
output is a moving average of the last n seconds where
n is the damping value. Increasing the coefficient
increases the response time to changes. The coefficient
is adjustable from 1 to 99 seconds in 1-second
increments. Damping should be kept at a minimum
unless the velocity fluctuates wildly. If so, damping
should be increased just enough to reduce the
fluctuation to an acceptable degree.
Damping
5 secs
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Low Flow Cutoff (Menu 34)
When a zero flow condition occurs (for example, as
the result of a pump being shut off), internal sloshing,
check valve leakage, and other fluid movement can
prevent the flowmeter from reading total zero. This
phenomenon can result in totalizer errors.
Low Flow Cutoff
0.00 GPM
These errors can be minimized by entering a low flow
cutoff (a minimum acceptable value for flow) in this
menu. Setting a low flow cutoff drives the flowmeter
to zero for flow rates at or below that value. If the flow
rate (regardless of direction) falls below the low flow
cutoff value, the instrument’s indicated flow is driven
to zero and the totalizers stop incrementing.
For example, if a low flow cutoff of 0.1 foot per
second (.03 meters per second) is entered, the
instrument would be driven to zero for flow rates less
than 0.1 foot per second in the positive direction and
greater than -0.1 foot in the negative direction
(Figure 3-2).
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
+0.1 +0.2 +0.3
Zero flow
displayed here
Figure 3-2
Low Flow Cutoff (example)
NOTE: The default setting for the low flow cutoff is
1.0.
Low Signal Cutoff (Menu 35)
Empty pipes or solids, bubbles, or voids in the flow
stream may cause temporary drops in signal strength
and erroneous readings. The effect of these dropouts
can be minimized by setting a low signal cutoff.
Setting a low signal cutoff (a minimum acceptable
signal amplitude), drives the flowmeter to the
loss-of-signal (LOS) condition.
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The flowmeter’s response to the LOS condition may
be programmed as follows:
!
Drop the reading to zero
!
Hold the last valid reading (but continue to totalize)
In addition to these two options, an alarm can be
actuated based on the low signal cutoff
(Section 3.6.11).
To set the low signal cutoff:
1. Access Menu 35:
Low Signal Cutoff
0%
2. Enter the low signal cutoff and press ENTER.
Low Signal Action
*Zero
Hold
3. Select one of the following:
! ZERO (to drop the reading to zero during an
LOS condition)
! HOLD (to hold the last valid reading during an
LOS condition)
3.6.7 TOTALIZER SETUP MENUS
The TOTAL sub-menu contains the setup menus for
configuring and resetting the totalizers. There are three
totalizers which may be enabled:
!
Positive totalizer
!
Negative totalizer
!
Net totalizer.
NOTE: If a totalizer is merely disabled, it stops
totalizing but is not reset to zero. The totalizer
reset function is available in Menu 41.
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Totalizer Units (Menu 36)
This menu is used to select one of the following flow
units used by the totalizers:
!
GALLONS
!
LITERS
!
!
CUBIC FT
!
CUBIC METERS
!
ACRE FT
!
OIL BARRELS
!
LIQUOR BARRELS
Totalizer Units
*Gallons
NOTE: The flow unit selected for the totalizer display
may be different from the flow unit selected
for the flow rate display.
Totalizer Multiplier (Menu 37)
The totalizer value can be displayed with one of
several multiplier values. For example, 700 liters can
be displayed as 700 “single liters” (if the multiplier
value is X1) or 7 “hundreds of liters” (if the multiplier
value is X100).
Totalizer Mult.
*x0.01
x0.1
The following totalizer multiplier values can be
selected:
!
X 0.01
!
X 0.1
!
X1
!
X 10
!
X 100
!
X 1000
!
X 10000
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Net Totalizer (Menu 38)
This menu is used to enable or disable the net totalizer.
The net totalizer provides the difference between the
positive and negative flow values. For example, if
there are 1000 gallons of flow in the negative direction
and 3000 gallons of flow in the positive direction, the
net totalizer indicates 2000 gallons of net flow.
Selecting ON enables the net totalizer, while selecting
OFF disables it.
Net Totalizer
*Off On
Positive Totalizer (Menu 39)
This menu is used to enable or disable the positive
totalizer. The positive totalizer tracks the flow that
moves in the positive direction (from the upstream
transducer to the downstream transducer). It is not
affected by flow in the opposite (downstream)
direction. Selecting ON enables the positive totalizer,
while selecting OFF disables it.
Pos. Totalizer
*Off On
Negative Totalizer (Menu 40)
This menu is used to enable or disable the negative
totalizer. The negative totalizer tracks the flow that
moves in the negative direction (from the downstream
transducer to the upstream transducer). It is not
affected by flow in the opposite (upstream) direction.
Selecting ON enables the negative totalizer, while
selecting OFF disables it.
Neg. Totalizer
*Off On
Totalizer Reset (Menu 41)
This menu is used to reset one or all of the totalizers.
To reset a totalizer, select one of the following and
press ENTER:
!
ALL (all totalizers)
!
NET (net totalizer only)
!
POS (positive totalizer only)
!
NEG (negative totalizer only)
Totalizer Reset
! All ! Net ! Pos ! Neg
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3.6.8 OPTIONS SETUP MENUS
The OPTIONS sub-menu contains the setup menus for
several miscellaneous functions, such as selection of
English or metric flow units, changing the system and
scale factor passwords, and RS232 settings.
Measurement Units (Menu 42)
This menu is used to select one of the following types
of measurement units for the flowmeter:
!
ENGLISH
!
METRIC
Measurement Units
*English Metric
If ENGLISH is selected, pipe dimensions are displayed
in inches and velocities are displayed in feet per
second (FPS), where appropriate. If METRIC is
selected, the measurements are displayed in
millimeters (mm) or meters per second (MPS).
Site Parameters (Menu 43)
This menu saves the parameters for the pipe, liner,
fluid, transducer, and flow setup menus to allow these
parameters to be recalled later for a specific
measurement site. Up to 16 different sites are
available, and are numbered from 1 through 16. The
site number is displayed in Menu 43 in the lower left
corner of the screen and is followed by a colon (:). (For
example 1: represents site number 1.)
Site Parameters
1:3.507 In, PVC
As the setup parameters are entered in their respective
menus during normal configuration, the same
parameters are saved simultaneously in the Site
Parameters function. These site parameters are stored
in whichever site is currently active (in whichever site
has the asterisk displayed in Menu 43).
Access a different site to automatically re-enter that
site’s stored parameters into the flowmeter for
measuring flow. To access a different site, press
ENTER, scroll to the desired site, and press ENTER
again.
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NOTE: To avoid entering parameters “on top of” a
previously stored set and losing the old data,
ensure that the desired site is active in Menu
43 before entering the new set of parameters.
RS232 Configuration (Menu 46)
This menu is used to configure the flowmeter’s RS232
port. The RS232 port allows the flowmeter to connect
to an IBM-compatible PC using the PolyLink or
TimeGATE ™ data link utilities (Appendices A and F).
These utilities provide features such as data log file
downloads, remote configuration and monitoring, and
software upgrades.
To configure the RS232 port:
1. Access Menu 46:
RS232 Mode
*TimeGate PolyLink
2. Select one of the following modes:
!
TIMEGATE
!
POLYLINK
3. Press the DOWN ARROW key to display the baud
rate selections:
RS232 Config
9600,N,8,1
The baud rate is the only RS232 parameter that can
be selected. Parity is preset at none, the character
size is preset at 8, and the stop bits are preset at 1.
(All selections are N,8,1.)
Select one of the following baud rates:
!
1200
!
2400
!
4800
!
9600
19200
!
Change System Password (Menu 47)
This menu is used to change the system password. The
system password is designed to protect the flowmeter’s
configuration parameters from unauthorized or
accidental changes. The system password may be
enabled or disabled. The flowmeter ships from the
factory with the system password disabled.
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7088-8000
NOTE: In addition to the system password, the
flowmeter utilizes a scale factor password
(Menu 48) to protect only the scale factor
setting.
If the system password is enabled, the flowmeter
requests the system password when the user attempts
to enter any configuration data. Entering the correct
system password temporarily unlocks the system,
allowing the user to make configuration changes. The
system is locked again by accessing Menu 00.
Password?
To change or disable the system password:
1. Access Menu 47:
New Sys Password?
?
2. Enter the new system password and press ENTER.
NOTE: To disable the system password function
(to allow configuration data to be changed
without entering a password), enter
0 (zero) as the system password. The
password function can be enabled again
by changing the password back to a nonzero number.
Old Syst. Password?
?
3. Enter the old system password and press ENTER.
If the old system password was correctly entered,
the following is displayed:
If the old system password was incorrectly entered,
the following is displayed:
Password
Accepted
Password
*** Rejected ***
NOTE: After the system password is accepted or
rejected, Menu 48 is displayed, enabling
the scale factor password to be changed.
Refer to Menu 48.
4. Access Menu 00 to lock the system with the new
password.
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Change Scale Factor Password (Menu 48)
This menu is used to change the scale factor password.
The scale factor password is designed to protect the
scale factor from unauthorized or accidental changes.
The scale factor password may be enabled or disabled.
The flowmeter ships from the factory with the scale
factor password disabled.
NOTE: In addition to the scale factor password, the
flowmeter utilizes a system password
(Menu 47) to protect all configuration data
other than the scale factor.
If the scale factor password is enabled, the flowmeter
requests the scale factor password whenever the user
attempts to change the scale factor (Menu 52).
To change or disable the scale factor password:
1. Access Menu 48:
New Sc Fact Passwrd?
?
2. Enter the new scale factor password and press
ENTER.
NOTE: To disable the system password function
(to allow the scale factor to be changed
without entering a password), enter
0 (zero) as the scale factor password. The
password function can be enabled again
by changing the password back to a nonzero number.
Old Scale Password?
?
3. Enter the old scale factor password and press
ENTER.
If the old scale factor password was correctly
entered, the following is displayed:
If the old scale factor password was incorrectly
entered, the following is displayed:
Scale Password
Accepted
Scale Password
*** Rejected ***
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7088-8000
Unit ID (Identification) Number (Menu 49)
This menu is used to set the ID (identification) number
of the flowmeter. This number is determined by the
operator and is used to identify the specific instrument
or site. Any whole number between 1 and 60,000 may
be entered with the numeric keypad.
Unit ID
0
3.6.9 CALIBRATION SETUP MENUS
The CALIBRATION sub-menu contains the setup
menus for calibrating the flowmeter, setting the time
and date, and enabling or disabling the sound speed
compensation function.
NOTE: For information on calibrating the current
loop, refer to Chapter 6.
Calibration Group Menu (Menu 50)
The Calibration Group Menu can be accessed by
scrolling to CALIBR on the Main Menu or by directly
accessing Menu 50. This menu is used as a convenient
way to access the individual calibration menus
(Menus 51 through 54). To access the individual
calibration menus, scroll to one of the following
selections in Menu 50 and press ENTER:
!
SET ZERO
!
SCALE
!
SS COMP
!
DATE
Calibration
! Set Zero ! Scale
NOTE: Menus 51 through 54 can also be directly
accessed by pressing MENU and the two digit
address.
Refer to Chapter 5 for detailed information on
calibration.
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7088-8000
Zero Set (Menu 51)
This menu is used to select one of the following
zeroing (calibration) methods:
!
NO FLOW (zero set calibration)
!
MANUAL (manual zero set calibration)
Set Zero
! No Flow
! Manual
Refer to Section 5.1 for detailed information on the
zero set calibration methods.
Scale Factor (Menu 52)
This menu provides a means for the operator to adjust
the instrument-displayed flow. The flow measured by
the instrument is multiplied by this value. Refer to
Section 5.2 for detailed information on the scale factor.
Scale Factor
0.9850
Sound Speed Compensation (Menu 53)
This menu is used to turn on or off the flowmeter's
sound speed compensation. Temperature variations in
the fluid and other factors may cause variations in the
fluid’s sound speed. Typically, the flowmeter can
determine the sound speed more accurately when
sound speed compensation is enabled.
Sound Speed Comp.
*Enabled Disabled
Date and Time (Menu 54)
This menu is used to set the date and time in the
internal clock of the flowmeter. The time is expressed
in military time (24 hour format) and the date is in the
month-day-year format.
Date and Time
12-01-96 14:07:17
To set the date and time:
1. Access Menu 54.
2. Press ENTER.
Prompts are displayed one screen at a time
requesting month, day, and year entries for the date
and hour, minute, and second entries for the time:
Date and Time?
Month?
12
3. Enter the requested date and time parameters for
each screen, pressing ENTER after each entry.
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NOTE: To keep the current value displayed in any
screen, scroll to the next screen with the
DOWN ARROW key instead of pressing
ENTER.
Once all time parameters have been entered, the
new programmed date and time is displayed:
3.6.10 CURRENT LOOP SETUP MENUS
The 4-20mA sub-menu contains the setup menus for
the 4 to 20 mA current loop. The span for the current
loop can be set and the output of the current loop can
be calibrated and tested.
Current Loop Group Menu (Menu 56)
The Current Loop Group Menu can be accessed by
scrolling to 4-20mA on the Main Menu or by directly
accessing Menu 56. This menu is used as a convenient
way to access the three current loop setup menus
(Menus 57, 58, and 59). To access the current loop
setup menus, scroll to one of the following selections
in Menu 56 and press ENTER:
!
SPAN
!
CAL.
!
TEST
Current Loop
! Span
! Cal.
! Test
NOTE: Menus 57, 58, and 59 can also be directly
address.
Current Loop Span (Menu 57)
This menu is used to set the span for the current loop.
Refer to Chapter 6 for detailed information and
procedures on current loop functions.
Span? 4 mA
0.00 Gal/S
Current Loop Calibration (Menu 58)
This menu is used to calibrate the current loop. Refer
to Chapter 6 for detailed information and procedures
on current loop functions.
4 mA Calibrate
<-- -->
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7088-8000
Current Loop Test (Menu 59)
This menu is used to test the calibration of the current
loop and/or the devices connected to it. Refer to
Chapter 6 for detailed information and procedures on
current loop functions.
Current Loop Test
<-- 4 mA -->
3.6.11 ALARMS SETUP MENUS
The ALARMS sub-menu contains the setup menus for
programming and viewing the flowmeter’s alarm
parameters. The DCT-7088 has four alarms which may
be programmed ON or OFF based on flow rate or
signal strength values. If the measured value of the
selected condition falls outside the alarm parameters,
the alarm is activated, causing the optional printer to
print the flow data and/or the alarm status.
Alarms Group Menu (Menu 70)
The Alarms Group Menu can be accessed by scrolling
to ALARMS on the Main Menu or by directly accessing
Menu 70. This menu is used as a convenient way to
access the two alarm setup menus (Menus 71 and 72).
To access the alarm setup menus, scroll to one of the
following selections in Menu 70 and press ENTER:
!
PROG
!
VIEW
Alarms
! View
! Program
NOTE: Menus 71 and 72 can also be directly
address.
Program Alarms (Menu 71)
This menu is used to program the four alarms for the
DCT-7088. Each alarm is independently programmed.
To program the alarms:
1. Access Menu 71:
Prog Alarm #
!2
!3
!4
!1
2. Select an alarm. (The alarms are displayed as !1
through !4.)
The Alarm On Condition screen is displayed:
Alarm 1 On Condition
*Flow <
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7088-8000
3. Select one of the following alarm ON conditions:
!
NOT PROGRAMMED (OFF)
!
FLOW > (The relay actuates when the flow rate
is greater than the ON condition value.)
!
FLOW < (The relay actuates when the flow rate
is less than the ON condition value.)
!
SIGNAL > (The relay actuates when the signal
strength value is greater than the ON condition
value.)
!
SIGNAL < (The relay actuates when the signal
strength value is less than the ON condition
value.)
The Alarm On Condition Value screen is
displayed:
On Cond. Value
16.00 Gal/S
5. Enter the value for the alarm ON condition and
press ENTER.
NOTE: The flow units used for the alarms are the
same as the flow units selected for
measuring flow in Menu 30.
The Alarm Off Condition screen is displayed:
Alarm 1 Off Cond.
*Flow >
7. Select an alarm OFF condition.
The selections available for the OFF condition are
the same as those for the ON condition. The OFF
condition value should be entered in conjunction
with the ON condition value to establish a “dead
band”. This prevents the alarm from continuously
cycling on and off when the flow is close to the ON
or OFF value. For example, if the ON condition is
FLOW > 250 gallons per minute, the OFF condition
may be set as FLOW < 240 gallons per minute. At
these settings, the alarm turns on when the flow
exceeds 250 gallons per minute and does not turn
off until the flow falls below 240 gallons per
minute.
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7088-8000
The Alarm Off Condition Value screen is
displayed:
Off Cond. Value
24.00 Gal/S
9. Enter the value for the alarm OFF condition and
press ENTER.
10. Repeat steps 1 through 9 for all alarms that are to
be programmed.
View Alarms (Menu 72)
This menu is used to display the current ON and OFF
conditions of the alarms.
To view the current alarm conditions:
1. Access Menu 72:
Show Alarm #
!2
!3
!4
!1
2. Select an alarm. (The alarms are displayed as !1
through !4.)
The ON and OFF conditions for the selected alarm
are displayed:
On = Flow <16
Off = Flow >24
3.6.12 DATA LOG SETUP MENUS
The DATA LOG sub-menu contains the setup menus
for the data logger.
Data Log Setup (Menu 80)
This menu is used to set up the data logger. The data
logger provides the ability of continuously recording
flow data at preset intervals for long time periods.
There are approximately 65,000 data points available
to the data logger memory. This allows considerable
data to be collected. For instance, collecting at
60-second intervals, the flowmeter could store data for
approximately 44 days. The data logger can be started
and stopped manually or can be programmed to run
automatically for a future start and stop time.
Log Menu
! Auto
! Start
Once a data log file is complete, it is stored in the
flowmeter for future retrieval. The file is automatically
assigned a unique file number, allowing additional data
logs to be recorded and retrieved. (The file number is
based on the record date plus a sequence number.) The
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7088-8000
file numbers can be viewed to determine which data
log files are present. These files can be deleted from
the flowmeter or can be transferred in ASCII format to
an IBM-compatible PC for record keeping or analysis.
The files are transferred using the PolyLink flowmeter
data link utility (Appendix A).
The following selections are available in Menu 80:
!
START (or STOP)
!
AUTO
!
INTERVAL
!
VIEW
The START (or STOP) selection provides control for
manually starting or stopping the data logger. (The
appropriate selection is displayed depending on the
whether the data logger is currently recording.)
To manually start the data logger, select START.
To manually stop the data logger:
1. Access Menu 80.
2. Select STOP.
Stop Log
Are you sure?(5=Yes)
3. Press the 5 key.
The AUTO selection allows the data logger to be
programmed for a future start and stop time.
To use the AUTO function:
1. Access Menu 80.
2. Select AUTO.
The current programmed start and stop times are
displayed:
Start:
Stop:
5
6
7:08:30
23:15:00
3. Press ENTER.
Start Log?
Day?
5
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7088-8000
Prompts are displayed one screen at a time
requesting day hour, minute, and second
information for the start and stop times:fr
4. Enter the requested time parameters for each
screen, pressing ENTER after each entry.
NOTE: To keep the current value displayed in any
screen, scroll to the next screen with the
DOWN ARROW key instead of pressing
ENTER.
Once all time parameters have been entered, the
new programmed start and stop times are
displayed:
Start:
Stop:
8
9
8:09:00
11:45:30
The data logger will start and stop automatically at the
preset times. In addition, while the data logger is
running, the preset stop time can be canceled by
stopping the data logger manually (selecting STOP).
IMPORTANT: Ensure that the flow measurement
units, time, and date are correctly set
on the flowmeter prior to beginning the
log. Do not alter any of these
parameters during the log or before
transfer of the data.
Any power interruption causes a zero
to be written in the data log stream.
This feature is useful to determine if an
interruption in the time sequence has
occurred or if the instrument has been
moved or tampered with during data
logging.
The INTERVAL selection sets the interval for the data
log. Refer to Menu 81.
The VIEW selection shows which data log files are
stored in memory, and indicates the size of each file
and the amount of data log memory still available. The
files may be scrolled through one at a time. In addition,
a data log file can be deleted.
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7088-8000
To delete a data log file:
1. Access Menu 80.
2. Select VIEW .
3. Scroll through the data log files with the UP or
DOWN ARROW keys to display the file that is to
be deleted.
4. Press ENTER.
Erase Log File?
Are you sure?(5=Yes)
5. Press the 5 key.
Erase Log File?
Really sure?(.=Yes)
6. Press the decimal point (.) key.
Data log
Erased
Data Log Interval (Menu 81)
Menu 81 is used to set the interval for the data log.
This menu can be accessed directly (by pressing
MENU and 81) or by selecting INTERVAL in Menu 80.
The data log interval must be entered in whole seconds
with a minimum interval of 1 second.
Log Interval
60 secs
3.6.13 DIAGNOSTICS DISPLAY MENUS
The DIAGNOSTICS sub-menu contains various viewonly menus. These menus display important diagnostic
parameters that are currently used or calculated by the
flowmeter. These parameters are helpful when
configuring or troubleshooting the instrument.
Signal Strength/Margin (Menu 90)
This menu displays the signal strength and the margin.
The signal strength value displayed in this menu is the
average of the signal strengths for the upstream and
downstream transducers. Margin is an indicator of
signal quality. Margin is generally greater than 5% and
signal strength is generally greater than 3% under good
measurement conditions.
SigStr =
Margin =
0%
0%
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7088-8000
Delta Time/Fluid Sound Speed (Menu 91)
This menu displays the value for DeltaT and the fluid
sound speed as measured by the flowmeter. DeltaT is
the difference between the upstream and downstream
travel time, expressed in nanoseconds.
DeltaT =
0.00 ns
SSpeed = 4863.33 FPS
Reynolds #/Profile Factor (Menu 92)
This view-only menu displays the Reynolds number
and flow profile factor currently being used by the
flowmeter. The flow profile factor is calculated by the
flowmeter and is used to determine the effect of the
flow profile on mean measured fluid velocity.
Reynolds=
0
Factor =0.750000
Current Loop Output (Menu 93)
This view-only menu displays the value of the current
in milliamperes that the flowmeter is presently
providing to the current loop output.
Current Loop
Output =
4.57 mA
Software/Firmware Rev. Level (Menu 94)
This view-only menu displays the version of software
(SOFT VERS.) and firmware (FPGA VERS.) that are
installed in the flowmeter.
Soft Vers. = 1.00
FPGA Vers. = A0
NOTE: Refer to Chapter 1 for information on
software upgrades.
3.6.14 PRINT SETUP AND PRINT COMMANDS
The optional printer can be configured in the PRINT
sub-menu in Menu 96. In addition, certain data may be
printed by pressing MENU plus 97, 98, or 99 from any
screen. (There are no specific screens displayed on the
flowmeter for these three print commands.)
Print Log Setup (Menu 96)
This menu is used to set up the optional printer. The
printer can be configured to print out flow data at a
preset interval and/or whenever an alarm is activated.
The flow data that is printed includes the data from all
enabled totalizers.
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7088-8000
The flow data is printed in minimum, maximum, and
average flow rates. The minimum and maximum rates
are automatically reset at the end of each print period.
The average flow rate is the average over the print
interval.
To configure the printer:
1. Access Menu 96:
Print Select
*None Flow Alarm
2. Select one of the following options:
! NONE (disables the printer)
! FLOW (configures the printer to print out flow
data at the preset log interval)
! ALARM (configures the printer to print out flow
data when an alarm is activated)
! BOTH (configures the printer to print out flow
data at the preset log interval and when an
alarm is activated)
3. If FLOW or BOTH was selected, press the DOWN
ARROW key to set the print interval.
Print Interval
30 sec.
4. Enter the print interval in whole seconds and press
ENTER.
NOTE 1: If the log interval is too short to allow
the selected data to be printed, erratic
operation may result.
NOTE 2: If the print interval is interrupted by a
power loss, the printer resumes printing
at the prescribed interval after power is
restored.
Prints Settings (Menu 97)
All parameters associated with the pipe, liner, fluid,
transducer, and flow menus (Menus 10 through 35) can
be printed out by pressing MENU and 97.
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Prints Diagnostics (Menu 98)
All parameters associated with the diagnostics menus
(Menus 90 through 94) can be printed out by pressing
MENU and 98.
Prints Current Screen (Menu 99)
Any screen which is currently displayed on the
flowmeter can be printed out by pressing MENU
and 99.
-58
Appendix
3.7 Master Erase Function and Emergency Override Passwords
This section covers the emergency override passwords and the procedure for performing a
master erase of all configuration data on the flowmeter. Since these two procedures allow
critical data to be accessed and changed, this page may be removed from the instruction
manual to prevent unauthorized use of these features.
3.7.1 EMERGENCY OVERRIDE PASSWORDS
In the event that a user-entered password is forgotten, the following emergency override
passwords may be used:
!
42 (system password)
!
43 (scale factor password)
The emergency override passwords cannot be changed or disabled.
3.7.2 MASTER ERASE FUNCTION
All user-entered data in the flowmeter can be erased with the master erase function.
To perform a master erase:
1. Turn the flowmeter off and back on again.
2. When the message INITIALIZING...is displayed, press ERASE immediately (within 3
to 5 seconds).
The Master Erase screen is displayed:
Master Erase.
Are you sure?(5=yes)
3. Press the 5 key to continue with the master erase
procedure (must be pressed within 3 to 5 seconds or the procedure is aborted).
Master Erase.Are you
really sure? ( . =yes)
4. Press the # (period) key to continue with the master
erase procedure (must be pressed within 3 to 5 seconds or the procedure is aborted).
If the master erase function is completed, the following is
displayed and the flowmeter initializes:
Master Erase
Completed
If the master erase function is aborted, the following is
displayed and the flowmeter initializes:
Master Erase
Aborted
-59
Appendix C
INSTALLING THE TRANSDUCERS
This chapter covers the procedures for installing the transducers. It covers guidelines for
selecting a measurement site (Section 4.1) and describes the procedures for spacing and
mounting the transducers (Section 4.2). Three different mounting methods are described:
the V method, Z method, and W method (Section 4.4).
4.1 Measurement Site Selection
Prior to installing the transducers, a proper site must be selected to ensure accurate
measurement. Examples of site recommendations are illustrated in Figure 4-1.
Use the following guidelines when selecting the transducer site:
!
Choose a section of pipe which is always full of liquid, such as a vertical pipe with
up flow or a full horizontal pipe.
!
The site should have a straight run equivalent to at least 10 pipe diameters upstream
and 5 pipe diameters downstream from any elbows, tees, throttling valves, orifices,
reduced sections, or other flow disturbances.
!
After a pump, control valve, or double piping bend, up to 30 diameters of straight run
may be required upstream from the flowmeter for greater accuracy. A distance of
5 diameters downstream is usually sufficient under all circumstances.
!
On horizontal pipes, always mount the transducers on the sides of the pipe, in the
3 o'clock or 9 o'clock positions. (This avoids sediment along the bottom of the pipe and
gas bubbles or air pockets along the top of the pipe, which can cause signal loss.)
!
Ensure that the pipe skin temperature is within the transducer temperature rating. The
transducers are rated for -40 to +300°F (-40 to +150°C), at 77°F (25°C) ambient
temperature. Higher ranges are available with optional high temperature transducer
blocks (Section 4.5).
!
If possible, select a section of pipe where the inside is free from excessive corrosion or
scaling. Such conditions can make accurate measurement difficult or impossible.
If any or all of the above guidelines cannot be followed completely, it is still possible to
obtain meaningful flow measurements, often with little or no loss of accuracy.
A-60
Appendix C
Figure 4-1 Site Recommendations
A-61
Appendix C
4.2 Spacing and Mounting the Transducers
In order to maximize signal strength and accuracy, it is essential to properly space and
mount the transducers as follows:
1. Select a proper transducer site, following the guidelines in Section 4.1.
2. Configure the flowmeter (Chapter 3). As a minimum, enter the critical parameters
listed in the quick setup procedure (Section 3.5).
NOTE: For more information on which transducer mounting method to select when
configuring the flowmeter, refer to Section 4.4.
Once the flowmeter has been configured, the flowmeter calculates the required
transducer spacing and stores it in Menu 25.
3. Access Menu 25 and note the value for the transducer spacing.
NOTE: If the pipe outer diameter (OD) is between 1 and approximately 16 inches (25
and 406 millimeters), the slide track assembly may be used to simplify the
mounting procedure. Refer to Section 4.2.1.
4. Refer to the installation instructions for the selected mounting method, as follows:
!
V method:
Section 4.4.1
!
W method : Section 4.4.2
!
Z method:
Section 4.4.3
5. Clean the area of the pipe where the transducers are to be installed. Remove any rust,
scale, or loose paint. (Well-bonded paint need not be removed.)
IMPORTANT: On horizontal pipes, the transducers should be mounted in the 3 o’clock
and 9 o’clock positions. This avoids sediment along the bottom and gas
bubbles or air pockets along the top of the pipe, which can cause signal
loss.
6. Apply a wide bead of PolyGlide™ sonic coupling compound lengthwise down the
center of the face of each transducer.
IMPORTANT: The coupling compound should squeeze out from around the edges of
the transducer when it is placed against the pipe. There should be no air
gaps between the transducer and the pipe. Refer to Section 4.6 for more
information on applying and replacing PolyGlide™ and for information
on the use of other sonic coupling compounds for high temperature,
underground, or submerged installations.
7. Attach the transducers to the pipe using the stainless steel pipe clamps or the nylon
(cloth) tie down straps (Section 4.7). Tighten both straps securely, ensuring that the
transducers are aligned normal to the pipe (Section 4.3).
A-62
Appendix C
The flowmeter has two transducer cables: the upstream transducer cable, which has
red-banded ends and the downstream transducer cable which has blue-banded ends.
There are two BNC connectors for the transducer cables on the right side of the
flowmeter. The upstream connector is in the uppermost position and the downstream
connector is in the lower position when the case is opened (Figure 4-2). Reversing the
cables on either the instrument or transducer ends will result in flow measurement in
the reverse direction of actual flow.
8. Connect the transducer cables.
9. Calibrate the flowmeter if maximum possible accuracy is important (Chapter 5).
10. Access Menu 00.
The flowmeter is now capable of accurately measuring velocity and flow.
4.2.1 USING THE SLIDE TRACK
The transducer slide track (Figure 4-2) comes standard with the DCT-7088. It may be used
for mounting transducers with the V or W mounting method, but cannot be used for the Z
method. It is limited to pipe sizes with outer diameters of 1 to approximately 16 inches (25
to 406 millimeters). Although not required, the slide track is convenient for mounting the
transducers since it has spacing measurements printed on its two rails. The top rail is
marked off in inches (in 0.1 and 0.05 increments) and the bottom rail is marked off in
millimeters.
Figure 4-2 Using the Slide Track
A-63
Appendix C
To use the slide track:
1. Complete steps 1 through 3 in Section 4.2 to determine the transducer spacing.
2. Ensure that the inside face of the left transducer is aligned to the 0 (zero) spacing mark.
If not, loosen the thumb screws and adjust its position accordingly.
3. Loosen the thumb screws on the right transducer.
4. Move the right transducer until the inside face of the transducer lines up with the
spacing measurement provided in Menu 25.
5. Tighten the thumbscrews to lock the transducers in place.
6. Follow steps 4 through 10 in Section 4.2 to complete the installation.
NOTE: The slide track is mounted to the pipe as a single assembly.
4.3 Aligning the Transducers
The most critical requirement of transducer alignment is that the transducer face be aligned
normal to the pipe. This is particularly critical on small pipes due to pipe curvature. Figure
4-3 shows a properly installed transducer and a one that has been installed improperly.
Notice that the properly installed transducer contacts the pipe at the pipe’s centerline and
that the gaps on either side of the centerline are equal.
Figure 4-3
Aligning the Transducers
The easiest method of aligning transducers on small pipes is as follows:
1. Secure both transducers to the pipe with the metal bands, tightening the bands until the
transducers are just snug.
2. Adjust the transducers until the gaps on both sides of the transducers are equal.
3. While holding the transducers in place, tighten the bands sufficiently to prevent the
transducers from slipping and to allow proper operation of the flowmeter.
A-64
Appendix C
4.4 Transducer Mounting Methods
There are three methods of mounting the transducers, which are available in Menu 24. The
best method is determined by the specific application.
The mounting methods are as follows:
!
V method (Section 4.4.1)
!
W method (Section 4.4.2)
!
Z method (Section 4.4.3
4.4.1 V METHOD
The V method (Figure 4-4) is considered the standard method. It usually yields a more
accurate reading than the Z method since it utilizes a longer measurement path. To mount
the transducers with the V method, follow the procedures for spacing and mounting the
transducers in Section 4.2. Ensure that the V method is selected during the configuration
step.
Figure 4-4 Mounting the Transducers with the V Method
A-65
Appendix C
4.4.2 W METHOD
In many instances, flowmeter performance on small metallic pipes with outer diameters of
2 inches (51 millimeters) or less can be improved by using the W mounting method
(Figure 4-5). With the W method, the sound wave traverses the fluid four times and
bounces three times off the pipe walls. Like the V method, both transducers are mounted
on the same side of the pipe. To mount the transducers with the W method, follow the
procedures for spacing and mounting the transducers in Section 4.2. Ensure that the
W method is selected during the configuration step.
Figure 4-5 Mounting the Transducers with the W Method
A-66
Appendix C
4.4.3 Z METHOD
The signal transmitted in a Z method installation has less attenuation than a signal
transmitted in a V method installation. This is because the Z method utilizes a directly
transmitted (rather than reflected) signal which transverses the liquid only once. The
Z method (Figure 4-6) is used primarily in applications where the V method cannot work
due to signal attenuation from excessive air or solids in the liquid, thick scale, poorly
bonded linings, or very large pipes. In addition, the Z method generally works better on
larger diameter pipes, where less pipe length is required for mounting.
Figure 4-6 Mounting the Transducers with the Z Method
A-67
Appendix C
To mount the transducers using the Z-method:
1. Complete steps 1 through 4 in Section 4.2.
2. Establish a reference at both the 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock positions of the pipe (Figure 47).
Figure 4-7 Establishing a 3 O’clock and 9 O’clock Reference (Z Method)
3. Place one of the transducers at the 3 o’clock position (Figure 4-8).
4. Trace the shape of the 3 o’clock transducer along its inside edge (opposite the cable
connection) and draw a horizontal line at its center (Figure 4-8). Remove the
transducer.
NOTE: If the pipe is painted and can be marked, use a pipe marker or felt-tip marker.
If it is not painted, scratch the outline on the pipe with a screwdriver, knife, or
paint scraper.
Figure 4-8 Tracing the 3 O’clock Transducer (Z Method)
5. Obtain a continuous sheet of paper longer than the circumference of the pipe.
NOTE: Calculator paper tape or thermal printer paper works well for this.
A-68
Appendix C
6. Fold one end of the paper across its width to produce a clean, straight edge (Figure
4-9).
7. Line the fold of the paper up with the horizontal center line of the 3 o’clock transducer
(Figure 4-9).
Figure 4-9
Wrapping the Gauging Paper Around the Pipe (Z Method)
8. Wrap the paper firmly around the pipe and mark the intersection point where the fold
comes in contact with the rest of the paper (Figure 4-10).
Figure 4-10 Marking the Intersection Point on the Paper (Z Method)
9. Take the paper off of the pipe. Placing the fold and the intersection mark together
again, fold the paper evenly in half (Figure 4-11).
Figure 4-11 Folding the Gauging Paper in Half (Z Method)
A-69
Appendix C
10. Mark along the new fold (Figure 4-12).
Figure 4-12 Marking Along the Fold (Z Method)
11. Draw a horizontal line along the pipe from the center line of the 3 o'clock transducer
position (Figure 4-13). Use a level to ensure that the line is level with the top of the
pipe. This line should be at least 3 inches (76 millimeters) longer than the transducer
spacing calculated in Menu 25. For example, if the spacing is calculated to be 14 inches
(356 millimeters), draw a 17 inch (432 millimeter) line.
Figure 4-13 Drawing a Horizontal Line at the 3 O’clock Position (Z Method)
12. Measure the spacing (obtained from Menu 25) from the inside edge of the 3 o'clock
transducer, and mark this on the pipe (Figure 4-14).
Figure 4-14 Marking the Transducer Spacing (Z Method)
A-70
Appendix C
13. Wrap the paper firmly back on the pipe. Have the point where the ends of the paper
come together line up with the horizontal line on the 3 o’clock side of the pipe. Ensure
that the inside corner of the straight edge is aligned with the mark made for the
transducer spacing. Tape the paper down or have someone hold it in place (Figure
4-15).
Figure 4-15 Replacing and Aligning the Gauging Paper (Z Method)
14. Go to the other side of the pipe (9 o’clock position) and mark the pipe at the point
where the marked fold and the inside edge of the paper length intersect (Figure 4-16).
Figure 4-16 Marking the Intersection Point on the 9 O’clock Side of the Pipe (Z Method)
15. Take the paper off of the pipe and trace the shape of the 9 o’clock transducer
(Figure 4-17), as was done for the 3 o’clock transducer. Ensure that the inside edge of
the transducer (opposite the cable connection) is even with the point just marked on the
9 o’clock side of the pipe.
Figure 4-17 Tracing the 9 O’clock Transducer (Z Method)
A-71
Appendix C
16. Mount the transducers with pipe straps by following steps 5 through 10 in Section 4.2
(Figure 4-18).
Figure 4-18 Mounting the Transducers with Straps (Z Method)
Figure 4-19 illustrates the final Z method installation.
Figure 4-19 Final Z Mounting Method Installation
A-72
Appendix C
4.5 High Temperature Transducer Blocks
Optional high temperature blocks are available for applications with pipe temperatures
ranging from 300 to 470$F (150 to 243$C). The blocks are installed between the
transducer face and the pipe.
™
NOTE: Do not use PolyGlide sonic coupling compound in applications where
temperatures exceed 250°F (121°C).
To use the high temperature blocks:
1. Configure the instrument as usual and select HI TEMP BLOCKS as the transducer type
in Menu 23.
2. Apply a high temperature couplant (Dow Corning 111® or similar) to the face of the
transducers. (Silicon RTV may be substituted if a more permanent bond is desired.)
3. Press the face of the transducers to the blocks.
4. Apply high temperature couplant to the other side of the blocks.
The transducers are now ready to mount (Section 4.2).
4.6 Sonic Coupling Compound
Any voids or air gaps that exist in the sonic coupling compound between the transducers
and the pipe can attenuate the signal. PolyGlide™ sonic coupling compound should be
protected from washout and replaced as required. Annual replacement is recommended for
most applications to maintain optimal performance.
To replace the PolyGlide™ compound:
1. Remove the transducers from the pipe.
2. Clean the old compound from the transducers and the pipe.
3. Apply a wide bead of compound lengthwise down the center of the face of each
transducer.
4. Remount the transducers, verifying that the compound is squeezing out from
underneath all sides of the transducers and forming a bead along the edges.
A-73
Appendix C
PolyGlide™ sonic coupling compound is in grease form and is made from a mineral oil
base. It is rated for temperatures up to 250°F (121.1 °C). Other coupling compounds are
recommended for the following applications:
!
Silicon RTV (GE RTV-108 ® or similar) for underground or submerged transducer sites
or sites where a more permanent bond is required. (The RTV should be completely
cured prior to burial or submergence.)
!
A high temperature silicone couplant (Dow Corning 111® or similar) for applications
requiring the use of high temperature blocks (for pipe skin temperatures up to 470°F
[243°C]). High temperature couplant must be placed between the blocks and the pipe
as well as between the blocks and the transducers. Silicon RTV may be substituted
between the blocks and the transducers if a more permanent bond is desired.
IMPORTANT: Do not bond the transducers with epoxy.
4.7 Nylon (Cloth) Tie-Down Straps
Two nylon (cloth) tie-down straps are supplied with the flowmeter. The nylon straps are
designed for quickly installing the transducers on pipes with outer diameters larger than 18
inches (457 millimeters). Each strap has a short section and a long section that connect
together by hooks. The short section is attached to a ratcheting mechanism. The ratcheting
mechanism tightens the strap sections to the pipe when the ratchet handle is opened and
closed.
To install transducers with the nylon pipe straps, refer to Figure 4-20 and complete the
following steps:
1. With the ratchet handle “A” in the closed position, slip the end of the long strap section
through the slot in the spindle “B”.
2. Connect the hooks together.
3. Place the strap over the transducer and around the pipe.
4. Pull on the end of the long strap section to take up the excess slack between the hooks.
IMPORTANT: To avoid difficulty in releasing the transducers, the excess stack must
be taken up before tightening the strap with the ratchet handle.
5. Tighten the strap with the ratchet handle by opening and closing the handle repeatedly
until the transducer is held firmly in place against the pipe.
6. Lock the ratchet by leaving the ratchet handle in the fully closed position.
A-74
Appendix C
To release the nylon straps:
1. Pull back on the release pawl “C” located on the ratchet handle. (This allows the handle
to be opened without tightening the strap.)
2. While holding the release pawl back, open the ratchet handle to the fully open position.
3. Pull the ratcheting mechanism away from the pipe.
Figure 4-20 Nylon Tie Down Straps
A-75
Appendix C
CALIBRATION
An important step in assuring accurate flow measurement is the proper calibration of the
instrument and the installation. This chapter provides an overview of the calibration
methods applicable to the DCT series of flowmeters. It covers the reasons why these
calibration methods are necessary, and the order in which they should be performed. The
calibration methods are:
!
Zero set calibration
!
Scale factor calibration
These calibration methods must be performed for the particular pipe that is to be metered.
Table 5-1 provides guidelines for selecting a calibration method:
Table 5-1
Selecting the Calibration Method
Calibration Method
Function
Application
Zeros the instrument for an
actual no flow condition
Applies a manually entered offset
to all flow readings
Installations where flow can be
stopped
Where an offset is required
Compensates for variations in
the inside diameter of the pipe
As required on installations
where the zero point has already
been set and verified under zero
flow conditions
! Zero flow set
! Manual zero set
Scale Factor
NOTE: The 4 to 20 milliampere (4 to 20 mA) current loop can also be calibrated for
applications using a current loop. Refer to Chapter 6 for more information.
5.1 Zero Set Calibration
Once the instrument is operating on the actual pipe to be metered, a small adjustment to the
zero point, or zero set calibration, may be required to maximize accuracy at low flow rates.
Zero set calibration allows the flowmeter to read very close to zero under zero flow
conditions.
There are two zero set calibration methods available in Menu 51: the zero flow set method
(Section 5.1.2) and the manual zero set method (Section 5.1.3). The zero point used in
either of these methods is displayed by selecting MANUAL in Menu 51.
NOTE: After the instrument has been properly zeroed, it should display a stable reading
well below 0.05 feet per second (0.015 meters per second) under zero flow
conditions with the low flow cutoff disabled.
A-76
Appendix C
5.1.1 PRELIMINARY STEPS FOR ZERO SET CALIBRATIONS
Before performing a zero set calibration, follow these preliminary steps:
1. Ensure that the transducers are connected to the pipe during the zero set calibration
procedure.
2. Ensure that the instrument is reading flow. (Completing the Quick Setup procedure
[Section 3.5] should accomplish this. The instrument must have successfully completed
its internal configuration process as indicated on the display by the presence of a flow
reading.)
3. Disable the low flow cutoff to allow the zeroing operation to be verified. (To disable
the low flow cutoff, set the low flow cutoff value in Menu 34 to zero.)
5.1.2 ZERO FLOW SET METHOD
The best method of zeroing the instrument is to stop the flow and perform a zero flow set.
on the pipe. The purpose of the zero flow set is to zero the instrument for the individual
installation. This method is used only when the flow in the pipe can be stopped.
To zero the instrument with the zero flow set method:
1. Follow the preliminary steps outlined in Section 5.1.1.
2. Ensure that there is no flow in the pipe.
3. Access Menu 51.
Set Zero
! No Flow
! Manual
4. Select NO FLOW .
The following is momentarily displayed, indicating that the flowmeter is now
calibrated with the zero flow set method:
Zero Cal Ok
Flow = 0.00 GPM
5.1.3 MANUAL ZERO SET
The zero point can be manually entered with the manual zero set method. This method
should be used infrequently. Manual zero set applies a constant offset entered by the user
to all readings.
A-77
Appendix C
Table 5-2 illustrates an example of a manual zero offset of 10 gallons per minute:
Table 5-2
Example of Manual Zero Set
Uncalibrated Flow Reading
(before manual zero offset)
Manual Zero Offset
Calibrated Flow Reading
(after manual zero offset)
250 GPM
10 GPM
240 GPM
To zero the instrument with the manual zero set method:
1. Follow the preliminary steps outlined in Section 5.1.1.
2. Minimize the flow occurring in the pipe and determine the value of the required offset.
3. Access Menu 51.
4. Select MANUAL.
Zero Point
0.00 GPM
5. Enter the value of the required offset (for example, 10) and press ENTER.
NOTE: A negative offset can be applied by first pressing the ± key.
The flowmeter is now calibrated with the manual zero set method and the zero point
offset is displayed:
Zero Point
10.00 GPM
5.2 Scale Factor Calibration
After the instrument’s zero point has been set and verified, a scale factor can be set to
adjust the measured flow. The flow measured by the instrument is multiplied by this scale
factor. (For example, if the displayed flow is twice the actual flow, a scale factor of 0.5
divides the displayed flow by 2. If the displayed flow is one-half of the actual flow, a scale
factor of 2 doubles the displayed flow.) The primary reason for setting the scale factor is to
compensate the instrument for manufacturing variations in the transducers. The scale factor
printed on the transducer set should be entered in Menu 52.
A-78
Appendix C
5.2.1 SCALE FACTOR PRECAUTIONS
Observe the following precautions when setting the scale factor:
!
Always determine the scale factor at the highest possible flow rate achievable in order
to maximize the accuracy of the scale factor.
!
Use the factory preset scale factor as marked on the transducers in the following
situations:
-
The flow cannot be stopped to verify or set the zero point
-
A reasonably high flow rate cannot be achieved
-
An accurate secondary flow standard is not available
5.2.2 CHANGING THE SCALE FACTOR
The scale factor is preset at the factory. The factory-set scale factor is displayed in
Menu 52 and is imprinted on the transducers. If an additional scale factor is required by the
user, the additional scale factor should be multiplied by the factory scale factor and the
result should be entered.
To enter a new scale factor:
1. Access Menu 52:
Scale Factor
.985
2. Enter the new scale factor and press ENTER.
The following is displayed (if the scale factor password is enabled [Menu 48]):
Scale Fact Password?
?
3. Enter the valid password and press ENTER.
The new scale factor is displayed in Menu 52 and is entered into the flowmeter.
IMPORTANT: The flowmeter ships from the factory with the scale factor password
disabled. To maximize security, a new scale factor password should be
entered immediately. Refer to Menu 48 in Section 3.6.8.
A-79
Appendix C
CONFIGURING THE CURRENT LOOP
The flowmeter has a 4 to 20 milliampere (4 to 20 mA) current loop output. The current
loop can be calibrated and tested and the span for the current loop can be set.
NOTE: The current loop can be selected to be self-powered or loop powered
(Section 2.3).
To calibrate, test, and set the span for the current loop:
1. Connect a milliammeter to the 4 to 20 mA terminals on the breakout box of the
DCT-7088 (Figure 2-1).
2. Access Menu 58:
4 mA Calibrate
<-- -->
3. Press the RIGHT or LEFT ARROW keys to adjust the 4 mA set point until the value
reads exactly 4.00 mA on the milliammeter and press ENTER.
20 mA Calibrate
<-- -->
4. Repeat step 3 for entering the 20 mA set point.
5. To verify the accuracy of the current loop, access Menu 59:
Current Loop Test
<-- 4 mA -->
The value of the output (in milliamperes) appears on the second line of the display.
6. Change the current loop output in 1 mA increments using the RIGHT or LEFT ARROW
keys.
The values displayed on the display should be the same as the values on the
milliammeter. If the values do not match, the current loop output should be recalibrated
and retested (steps 2 through 6).
7. To set the current loop span (the span of flow vs. current), access Menu 57:
Span? 4 mA
0.00 Gal/S
A-80
Appendix C
8. Enter a flow rate which equals the 4 mA (minimum anticipated) reading and press
ENTER.
Span? 20 mA
0.00 Gal/S
10. Enter a flow rate which equals the 20 mA (full scale) reading and press ENTER.
11. Access Menu 00 to complete the current loop calibration process.
A-81
Appendix C
SERVICE SUPPORT AND WARRANTY
This chapter covers the procedures for obtaining service support and provides warranty
information for the DCT-7088. Due to the complex nature of microprocessor based
equipment, it is not feasible to attempt internal repairs or service in the field other than
replacement of fuses (Section 1.5.1) and software upgrades (Section 1.7).
7.1 Resolving the Problem
If the unit does not perform satisfactorily, complete the following steps in order until the
problem is resolved:
1. Verify that the flowmeter was properly configured and calibrated and that the
transducer site was suitable. Refer to the following chapters for more information:
!
Chapter 3 - configuration
!
Chapter 4 - transducer installation
!
Chapter 5 - calibration
2. Contact the installation contractor or representative through which the instrument was
purchased (Section 7.2).
3. Contact Polysonics to attempt to resolve the problem over the phone (Section 7.3).
4. Return the unit to Polysonics for repair (Section 7.4) or arrange for Polysonics field
service (Section 7.5).
7.2 Local Representative Support
The local Polysonics representative is the first contact for support and is well equipped to
answer questions and provide application assistance. Your representative has access to
product information and current software revisions.
7.3 Contacting Polysonics by Phone
Before contacting Polysonics by phone, make a note of the instrument's model and serial
number. Have the operating parameters of the application available (type of fluid, pipe
size, pipe material, fluid velocity, temperature, etc.). If the problem cannot be remedied
over the phone, the service engineer may request that the instrument be returned to the
factory for repair. The address and telephone numbers of the service centers are listed in
Section 7.4.
A-82
Appendix C
7.4 Factory Service
If Polysonics determines that the problem cannot be resolved over the phone, the entire
unit should be returned to Polysonics' service department or arrangements made for
Polysonics field service (Section 7.5).
The Polysonics Service Department should be contacted before returning an instrument for
repair. The service department issues an RMA number which must be placed on the
outside of the shipping box in order for the receiving dock to accept the shipment.
A letter should be included with the instrument fully explaining the symptoms of the
failure as well as details regarding the application in which the unit was being operated
(type of fluid, pipe size, pipe material, fluid velocity, temperature, etc.). This letter is
required for all units including those returned for warranty repairs. Service cannot be
adequately performed until this written information is received.
To ship an instrument to Polysonics:
1. Ensure that the instrument is well packed (in its original shipping box, if available).
2. Include the letter of explanation.
3. Write the RMA number on the outside of the shipping box.
4. Send the unit freight-paid to one of the following service centers:
North American Service Center (USA)
European Service Centre (UK)
Peek Measurement, Inc.
10335 Landsbury, Suite 300
Houston, Texas 77099-3407 USA
Telephone:
(713) 879-3700
Facsimile:
(713) 498-7721
Peek Measurement, Ltd.
King's Worthy
Winchester, Hampshire SO23 7QA UK
Telephone:
(01962) 883200
Facsimile:
(01962) 885530
Peek Measurement pays the return freight if the unit is under warranty. All repairs are
made in accordance with the Peek Measurement limited warranty (Section 7.6).
7.5 Field Service
Field service is available and is recommended in some instances. All field service calls are to
be scheduled in advance and paid for by the customer. Contact Peek Measurement for rates.
A-83
Appendix C
7.6 WARRANTY
Peek Measurement products are warranted to be free from defects in material and
workmanship at the time of shipment and for one year thereafter. Any claimed defects in
Peek Measurement products must be reported within the warranty period. Peek
Measurement shall have the right to inspect such products at buyer's plant or to require
buyer to return such products to Peek Measurement plant.
In the event Peek Measurement request return of its products, Buyer shall ship with
transportation charges paid by the Buyer to Peek Measurement plant. Shipment of
repaired or replacement goods from Peek Measurement plant shall be F.O.B. Peek
Measurement plant. A shop charge may apply for alignment and calibration services.
Peek Measurement shall be liable only to replace or repair, at its option, free of charge,
products which are found by Peek Measurement to be defective in material or
workmanship, and which are reported to Peek Measurement within the warranty period
as provided above. This right to replacement shall be Buyer's exclusive remedy against
Peek Measurement.
Peek Measurement shall not be liable for labor charges or other losses or damages of
any kind or description, including but not limited to, incidental, special or consequential
damages caused by defective products. This warranty shall be void if recommendations
provided by Peek Measurement or its Sales Representatives are not followed concerning
methods of operation, usage and storage or exposure to corrosive conditions.
Materials and/or products furnished to Peek Measurement by other suppliers shall carry
no warranty except such suppliers' warranties as to materials and workmanship. Peek
Measurement disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied, with respect to such
products.
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE AGREED TO IN WRITING BY PEEK MEASUREMENT, THE
WARRANTIES GIVEN ABOVE ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AND PEEK MEASUREMENT HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL
OTHER WARRANTIES, INCLUDING THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR PURPOSE.
10335 Landsbury, Suite 300 ! Houston, Texas 77099-3407 USA
Telephone: (713) 879-3700 ! Facsimile: (713) 498-7721
King's Worthy ! Winchester, Hampshire SO23 7QA UK
Telephone: (01962) 883200 ! Facsimile: (01962) 885530
A-84
Appendix C
POLYLINK FLOWMETER DATA LINK
UTILITY
PolyLink is a universal communications utility for Polysonics flowmeters, replacing PXU.
It provides the following remote functions (depending on the flowmeter model):
! Monitoring and configuring (Section A.3)
! Data log file downloads and deletions (Section A.5)
! Software uploads (Section A.6)
! Graphical signal analysis (Section A.7)
Table A-1 lists the available PolyLink features by flowmeter model as of the date of this printing:
Table A-1
PolyLink Feature Availability
Flowmeter
Model
Remote Configuring
and Monitoring
Data log Downloads
and Deletions
Software
Uploads
Graphical Signal
Analysis
DDF3088
No
Yes
No1
No2
DDF40883
Yes4
Yes
Yes
Yes
DDF4488
Yes4
Yes
DDF5088
Yes
N/A
Yes
No5
Yes
No6
DCT-6088
Yes4
Yes
DCT-7088
Yes4
Yes
Yes7
Yes7
No8
No8
ISTT
Yes4
Yes
N/A
No
ISTT-P
Yes4
Yes
N/A
No
1 The DDF3088 may be upgraded with the HCOM utility, which is provided on the PlantCom Utility
Software diskette.
2 The graphical signal analysis feature is available through the DDF3088’s integrated keypad and display.
3 The DDF4088 must have version 1.1 or higher installed to communicate with PolyLink.
4 VT100 mode.
5 The DDF5088 may be upgraded with the Loader utility, which is provided on the PlantCom Utility
Software diskette.
6 The graphical signal analysis feature for the DDF5088 is available with the optional WinFLOW™ utility.
7 The DCT series of flowmeters are upgraded with a utility provided with the upgraded software.
8 The graphical signal analysis feature for the DCT series of flowmeters is available with the
TimeGATE ™ utility.
PolyLink is available on the PlantCom Utility Software diskette from Polysonics or by
modem download from the Polysonics Bulletin Board System (BBS) at (713) 933-1901.
(For procedures on using the BBS, refer to the file BBS.TXT, available on the PlantCom
Utility Software diskette.) PolyLink is also available in the zipped software upload files for
the flowmeters listed in Table A-1.
NOTE: For information on using PolyLink with a DDF5088, refer to the DDF5088
instruction manual.
A-85
Appendix C
A.1 Hardware Requirements
The flowmeter can be configured with PolyLink using an IBM-compatible PC or a
DDF3088 flowmeter. The PC must be a minimum of an XT with 640K RAM. If a
DDF3088 is used, the flow program operating in the DDF3088 must be version 2.2 or
higher. The only other hardware requirement is a null modem cable.
The com port of the PC connects to the RS232 port of the flowmeter with a null modem
cable. The RS232 port of the flowmeter has a male DB9 or male DB25 connector,
depending on the flowmeter model. If the cable length is relatively short, a remote terminal
can connect directly to the flowmeter.
For extended distances, short haul modems must be used and are available with the
PlantCom Plus package (Section A.1.1). The short haul modems are supplied with their
own terminal blocks and wiring diagrams for connection to field wiring.
NOTE: If PolyLink is run from a DDF3088, one of the following is required:
!
The optional RS232 Com Cable (Rev. B) which is connected directly between
the DDF3088 and the flowmeter. (The RS232 Com Cable is a custom null
modem cable for use with the DDF3088.)
!
The optional charging rack which docks with the DDF3088. The charging rack
connects to the flowmeter with a null modem cable through the rack’s DB25
male connector (located on the right side of the rack).
Procedures provided in this document are based on connecting the DDF3088
with the RS232 Com Cable.
A.1.1 PLANTCOM AND PLANTCOM PLUS
Polysonics offers two optional plant communication packages, PlantCom and PlantCom
Plus, which provide the following hardware for use with PolyLink:
!
PlantCom: a 6 ft (1.83 m) null modem cable (DB25 female to DB25 female) and two
adapters (DB25 male to DB9 female).
!
PlantCom Plus: all items provided with the PlantCom version plus two short haul
modems. These modems allow communications over a four-wire line for a distance of
several miles.
In addition to the above hardware, PlantCom and PlantCom Plus include the PlantCom
Utility Software diskette which contains several flowmeter communication and file transfer
utilities.
A-86
Appendix C
A.2 Installing and Running PolyLink
The procedures for installing and running PolyLink vary slightly, depending on whether
PolyLink is run from an IBM-compatible PC (Section A.2.1) or a DDF3088 (Section
A.2.2).
PolyLink comes in the self-extracting zipped file PLXXXZ.EXE. The zipped file name
used in these procedures includes the letters XXX and Z. The XXX stands for the current
software version number contained in the file. The Z indicates that it is a self-extracting
zipped file. For example, PolyLink software version 2.00 would be in a file named
PL200Z.EXE and would be represented in these procedures by the file name
PLXXXZ.EXE. (Wherever a file name in these procedures contains the letters XXX, the
current software version number should be substituted for the Xs.)
A.2.1 RUNNING POLYLINK FROM AN IBM-COMPATIBLE PC
To run PolyLink from an IBM-compatible PC:
1. Ensure that the flowmeter is turned on and that the flow program is running.
2. Connect the null modem cable from the flowmeter to the PC.
IMPORTANT: When connecting PolyLink to a DDF4088, DDF4488, or DCT-6088,
use the DB25 connector located beneath the keypad. (Do not use the
flowmeter’s DB9 connector with PolyLink.)
3. Go to the C: prompt on the PC.
IMPORTANT: If Windows is running on the PC, totally exit Windows before going to
the C: prompt. Do not click on the MS-DOS prompt icon as a means of
going to the C: prompt as this may cause connectivity problems.
Use the following procedures for totally exiting Windows to the
C: prompt, depending on the version of Windows that is running:
!
For Windows 3.1:
- Close all applications.
- Exit the Windows session from the Program Manager window.
!
For Windows 95:
- Click on the START button on the Windows 95 taskbar.
- Click on the SHUTDOWN button.
- Click on the button labeled RESTART THE COMPUTER IN
MS-DOS MODE.
A-87
Appendix C
4. Create a directory called DDF (if the DDF directory does not already exist).
NOTE: To create the DDF directory, enter the following commands at the C: prompt
one at a time, pressing ENTER after each one:
C:
CD\
MD DDF
5. Copy PLXXXZ.EXE to the DDF directory (substituting the current version number for
the Xs):
If the file was received on diskette, it should be copied from the diskette drive. If the
file was downloaded from the BBS, it should be copied from the directory where the
modem software placed it.
NOTE: To copy the file PLXXXZ.EXE to the DDF directory:
!
Go to the directory where PLXXXZ.EXE is located. (If PLXXXZ.EXE is
located on diskette, insert the diskette into the diskette drive. Enter the drive
letter followed by a colon and press ENTER. For example, if the diskette
drive is drive A, enter A: and press ENTER.)
!
Enter the following (substituting the correct version number for the Xs) and
press ENTER:
COPY PLXXXZ.EXE C:\DDF
6. Go to the DDF directory.
NOTE: To go to the DDF directory, enter the following commands one at a time,
pressing ENTER after each one:
C:
CD\
CD DDF
7. Unzip PLXXXZ.EXE by typing the file name PLXXXZ (without the extension) and
pressing ENTER. (Substitute the correct version number for the Xs):
NOTE: A message may be displayed while PLXXXZ.EXE is unzipping indicating
that a file with the same name already exists. Enter Y (for YES) for
permission to overwrite the file and press ENTER.
PLXXXZ.EXE produces the unzipped file PL.EXE.
8. Enter PL and press ENTER.
The PolyLink welcome screen is displayed.
9. Press ENTER again.
A-88
Appendix C
The message CONNECTING....is displayed for several seconds while the PC and the
flowmeter attempt to establish communication.
If the units connect, the VT100 screen is displayed (Figure A-1).
If the units do not connect, the RS232 settings may need to be reconfigured (Section
A.4) or Windows may still be running in the background. (Refer to the IMPORTANT
comment appearing after step 3.)
NOTE: If communicating with a DDF5088, VT100 mode is not available, and a
different screen is displayed instead. Refer to Chapter 4 of the DDF5088
manual for more information.
Figure A-1 VT100 Screen
VT100 mode provides the ability to remotely monitor and configure the flowmeter
(Section A.3). From the VT100 screen, the following additional functions can be
selected by pressing the appropriate function keys displayed at the bottom of the
screen:
!
RS232 parameter setup (Section A.4)
!
Data log file downloads and deletions (Section A.5)
!
Software uploads (Section A.6)
!
Graphical signal analysis for the DDF4088 and DDF4488 (Section A.7)
A-89
Appendix C
10. To exit PolyLink from a PC, press F10 to “back out” of the program one screen at a
time until the C: prompt is displayed.
A.2.2 RUNNING POLYLINK FROM A DDF3088
To run PolyLink from a DDF3088, the DDF3088 must have software version 2.2 or higher
installed. Due to the limited size of the DDF3088 display, the PolyLink screens are slightly
different than those on a PC. In addition, the PolyLink options on a DDF3088 may require
a different function key. The function key options on a DDF3088 are listed above the
associated function key.
CAUTION:
Before running PolyLink from a DDF3088, note all setup parameters
entered in the DDF3088 flow program. When PolyLink is run from a
DDF3088, most setup parameters are erased, including those for
Battery Setup. After exiting PolyLink, the DDF3088 flow program
restarts, requesting new Battery Setup parameters first.
To run PolyLink from a DDF3088:
1. Ensure that both the DDF3088 and the flowmeter are turned on and that the flow
program is running on the flowmeter.
2. Screw the round connector of the optional RS232 Com Cable into the RS232 port of
the DDF3088. (The RS232 port is located on the top left of the instrument farthest from
the Polysonics logo [Figure A-2].)
Figure A-2 Connecting the RS232 Com Cable to the DDF3088
A-90
Appendix C
3. Connect the other end of the cable to the flowmeter.
IMPORTANT: When connecting PolyLink to a DDF4088 or DDF4488, use the DB25
connector located beneath the keypad. (Do not use the flowmeter’s
DB9 connector with PolyLink.)
4. Unzip PLXXXZ.EXE on a computer by completing steps 3 through 7 in Section A.2.1.
5. Install PL.EXE in the C:\T directory of the DDF3088 using the HCOM file transfer
utility (located in the self extracting HCOMZ.EXE file). Exit HCOM when the file
transfer is complete by pressing the ESC key.
NOTE: For instructions on using HCOM, refer to the text file HCOM.TXT on the
Polysonics Bulletin Board System (BBS) or on the PlantCom Utility Software
diskette. It may be necessary to delete some or all of the data log files with
HCOM if insufficient disk space is available for installing PL.EXE.
6. From the C: prompt (or C:\T prompt) of the DDF3088, run the DDF3088 flowmeter
program by entering AUTOEXEC and pressing the YES (ENTER) key.
Answer all the prompts, pressing the YES (ENTER) key until the Battery Setup screen
is displayed.
7. Enter the Battery Setup parameters, pressing ENTER after each one until the Main
Menu is displayed.
8. Press F1 to select SETUP.
9. Press the DOWN ARROW key twice to scroll through the Setup menus.
10. Press F4 to select RS232 SETUP.
11. Press F3 to select POLYLINK.
The following message is displayed:
WARNING: POLYLINK WILL CAUSE
FLOWMETER SETUP PARAMETERS
TO BE LOST.
CONTINUE? (Y/N)
12. Press Y to continue or N to return to the SETUP menus.
13. Press ENTER.
14. Refer to the PolyLink connection information that follows step 9 in Section A.2.1.
15. To exit PolyLink from a DDF3088, press the ESC key to “back out” of the program
one screen at a time until the Battery Setup screen is displayed.
NOTE: To maximize the space available for data logging, PolyLink (PL.EXE) should be
deleted from the DDF3088 when it is no longer needed. This can be done with the
HCOM utility. PolyLink can be reinstalled as necessary.
A-91
Appendix C
A.3 Remote Monitoring and Configuring (VT100 Mode)
When PolyLink successfully connects to one of the following flowmeters, the VT100
screen is displayed:
!
DDF4088
!
DCT-7088
!
DDF4488
!
ISTT
!
DCT-6088
!
ISTT-P
VT100 mode provides the ability to remotely monitor and configure the flowmeter. From
the VT100 screen, additional functions can be selected by pressing the appropriate function
keys listed at the bottom of the screen (Figure A-1).
In VT100 mode, the remote terminal has the same data displayed as the flowmeter’s LCD
display. In addition, the keys on the remote terminal program the flowmeter in the same
manner as the corresponding keys on the flowmeter’s keypad. The corresponding keys are
listed in Table A-2:
Table A-2
Corresponding Keys on
Flowmeter and Remote Terminal
Flowmeter Keypad
Remote Terminal
Keyboard
Arrow keys
Arrow keys
Enter key
Enter key
Menu key
M key
Numeric keys 0-9
Numeric keys 0-9
Period key (.)
Period key (.)
+/- key
- key
Erase key
Delete key or
backspace key
NOTE: VT100 mode is not available if the PC is connected to a DDF3088 or a DDF5088.
However, the DDF5088 can be remotely monitored and configured in PolyLink
using a non-VT100 mode. Refer to Chapter 4 of the DDF5088 manual for more
information.
A.3.1 DIAGNOSTIC DISPLAY MODE
If an ISTT or ISTT-P flowmeter is connected to a remote terminal, the VT100 screen can
be displayed in either the normal mode or the Diagnostic Display mode. In the Diagnostic
Display mode, data is continually being updated on the display to correspond to changes in
flow or to changes made in the flowmeter’s setup parameters. The data is updated "in
place" so that the display can be viewed without the data continually scrolling up the
screen.
A-92
Appendix C
To enter the Diagnostic Display mode from the normal VT100 mode, press TAB on the
remote terminal keyboard. The following is displayed:
UNIT I.D. #0
00-00-00
ISTT DIAGNOSTIC DISPLAY
UP DOWN
WIN_DLY
(us).....
SE>R..........
...
BIAS..........
...
AGC...........
...
SIG.
STG.........
54
1.0
0.98
0
0.9
0.88
2
1.4
MISSED
TIME
(us)........
54
1.51
5
7
6
0
0
48.
00:00
SCALE
.09850
FACTOR....
ZERO OFFSET
0.00
(GPD)
nsec
2.46
OFFSET......
usec
0.35
OFFSET......
XMT_DET_DLY(us) 0.0000
..
AERATION
1.0000
FACTOR..
TRANSDUCER: STANDARD
/V
49.2
2
FLUID (F/S)......
5750.96
REYNOLDS
4000
NO.......
PROFILE
0.7500
FACTOR....
DEL TIME
- -1.93
(ns)....
1.94
DIFF
91
COUNT.......
PZX...........
3699
...
ACO........(0.
FLOW:
-1351.367
00)
1.93
GPD
AERATION......
13.5
11.72
15.794954
...
8
SE-U (3) :0.02 0.02 0.02 * 3.95 4.22 4.32 4.22 4.22
4.36 4.24
SE-D (3) :0.02 0.02 0.02 * 3.85 4.16 4.22 4.14 4.16
4.14 4.14
A-93
Appendix C
Figure A-3 Diagnostic Display Screen (ISTT/ISTT-P)
Pressing TAB a second time exits the Diagnostic Display mode and returns the display to
the normal VT100 mode.
NOTE: The Diagnostic Display Mode is not available for the ISTT or ISTT-P when
running PolyLink on a DDF3088.
A-94
Appendix C
A.4 RS232 Setup
If the remote terminal has difficulty connecting with the flowmeter, the RS232 settings
may need to be reconfigured. If so, the CONNECTING.... message is displayed for
approximately 30 seconds and the following message is displayed:
COMMUNICATION ERROR
PRESS ESC KEY TO EXIT POLYLINK,
ANY OTHER KEY TO SETUP RS232...
After pressing a key, the RS232 Setup screen is displayed:
RS232 Setup
Use ↑ ↓ keys to modify item.
Use ← → keys to select item.
PORT:
COM1
Figure A-4 RS232 Setup Screen
To configure the RS232 settings:
1. Use the RIGHT and LEFT ARROW keys to select a parameter (com port, baud rate,
parity, stop bits, and character size).
2. Use the UP and DOWN ARROW keys to modify the selected parameter.
3. Select SET to save the settings and to exit the RS232 Setup screen.
NOTE: The first time that PolyLink is run on the remote terminal, the RS232 Setup
screen is displayed. This is normal. Verify that the RS232 settings are correct
and select SET to save the settings for future PolyLink connections.
A-95
Appendix C
A.5 Data Logger
Data log files can be deleted from the flowmeter’s memory or transferred from the
flowmeter to a remote terminal for record keeping and analysis. In addition, if PolyLink is
run from a DDF3088, the transferred data log files can be viewed in strip chart format
(Section A.5.2).
To display the data logger screen, select DATA LOGGER from the VT100 screen (Figure
A-5). The number of data log files available for transfer is displayed in the top left corner
of the screen.
NOTE: The DDF4088 and each channel of the DDF4488 have one data log file each with
approximately 10.000 data points. The DCT-6088 has one data log file with
approximately 50,000 data points. The data logger in these flowmeters is always
enabled (always recording data). When all available data points are recorded, the
data logger records over the previous data points one at a time, starting with the
oldest points first, in a continuous loop.
5 DATA LOG FILE(S)
Figure A-5 Data Logger Screen
A-96
Appendix C
A.5.1 TRANSFERRING A DATA LOG FILE
To transfer a data log file:
1. From the Data Logger screen, use the arrow keys to select a data log file.
2. Select TRANSFER FILE.
ENTER DESTINATION FILE NAME:
3. Enter the new file name for the transferred file and press ENTER.
NOTE: The following rules apply to the new name selected for the data log file:
!
The new file name for the transferred file may have up to eight valid
characters and an extension of up to three valid characters.
!
If running PolyLink from a PC and the destination for the file is different
than the current directory used by PolyLink, a full path file name should be
entered.
!
If running PolyLink from a DDF3088, the destination for the file is
predetermined and is not selectable. In addition, to be able to view the
transferred file on the DDF3088 in strip chart format, the new file name
must include a .DFM extension.
After the file name is entered, the following is displayed:
DISPLAY XXXXXXXX’S INFORMATION:
DATE: 00-00-00
TIME: 00:00:00
UNITS: XXX
CONVF 0.00000000e+00
INTERVAL: 0.000
SIZE: 0
A rotating cursor is displayed indicating that the transfer is in progress. After the
transfer is finished, the following is displayed:
TRANSFER COMPLETE
A.5.2 VIEWING A DATA LOG FILE IN STRIP CHART FORMAT
If PolyLink is run from a DDF3088 (Section A.2.2), any transferred data log files which
contain a .DFM extension can be viewed as strip charts in the DDF3088 flow program.
To view a transferred file in strip chart format on a DDF3088:
1. Press the ESC key on the DDF3088 twice to exit PolyLink.
2. Enter the Battery Setup parameters for the DDF3088 flow program, pressing ENTER
after each one.
A-97
Appendix C
The DDF3088 Main Menu is displayed.
3. Press F1 to select SETUP.
4. Press the DOWN ARROW key twice to scroll through the setup menus.
5. Press F3 to select DATA LOG.
6. Press F4 to select VIEW FILES.
7. Use the ARROW keys to move the cursor to the desired file.
8. Press F1 to select the strip chart function.
The selected file is displayed as a strip chart on the display of the DDF3088. Since the
files are drawn on the screen one data point at a time, large files require more time to
be displayed than small files.
A.5.3 DELETING A DATA LOG FILE
To delete a data log file:
1. From the Data Logger screen, select DELETE FILE.
DELETE ’XXXXXXX’. ARE YOU SURE? [Y/N]
2. Press Y to continue or N to cancel the delete request.
3. Press ENTER.
NOTE: If the delete function is selected for the DDF4088, DDF4488, or DCT-6088, the
data log file itself is not deleted, but the data points in it are cleared (set to zero).
A.6 Uploading Software on the DDF4088 and DDF4488
PolyLink can be used to upload software for the DDF4088 and DDF4488. The software
upgrades are provided in the self-extracting zipped file 4088XXXZ.EXE. The zipped file
name used in these procedures includes the letters XXX and Z. The XXX stands for the
current software version number contained in the file. The Z indicates that it is a
self-extracting zipped file. For example, DDF4088 software version 2.01 would be in a file
named 4088201Z.EXE and would be represented in these procedures by the file name
4088XXXZ.EXE. (Wherever a file name in these procedures contains the letters XXX, the
current software version number should be substituted for the Xs.)
The software upgrade file is available on diskette from Polysonics or by modem download
from the Polysonics Bulletin Board System (BBS) at (713) 933-1901. (For procedures on
using the BBS, refer to the file BBS.TXT, available on the PlantCom Utility Software
diskette.)
A-98
Appendix C
A.6.1 UPGRADING THE FLOWMETER SOFTWARE WITH POLYLINK
This section describes how to upgrade the flowmeter’s software using the PolyLink utility.
IMPORTANT: For initial software upgrades of the DDF4088 (that is, DDF4088 upgrades
from version 1.0 to any other version), a utility other than PolyLink is used.
Refer to Section A.6.2.
To upgrade the flowmeter software using the PolyLink utility:
1. Complete steps 1 through 4 in Section A.2.1 (to prepare to run PolyLink and to create
the DDF directory). Do not run PolyLink yet.
NOTE: If using a DDF3088 to run PolyLink, ensure that the DDF3088 is properly
connected to the flowmeter with the RS232 Com Cable (Rev B) by
completing steps 1 through 3 in Section A.2.2.
2. Copy the software upgrade file to the DDF directory.
NOTE: To copy the software upgrade file to the DDF directory:
!
Go to the directory where the software upgrade file is located. (If it is
located on diskette, insert the diskette into the diskette drive. Enter the drive
letter followed by a colon and press ENTER. For example, if the diskette
drive is drive A, enter A: and press ENTER.)
!
Enter the following command (substituting the correct version number for
the Xs) and press ENTER:
COPY 4088XXXZ.EXE C:\DDF
C:
CD\
CD DDF
4. To unzip the software upgrade file, enter the following file name (without the
extension) and press ENTER:
4088XXXZ
IMPORTANT: Substitute the correct version number for the Xs.
NOTE: A message may be displayed during the unzipping process indicating that a
file with the same name already exists. Enter Y (for yes) for permission to
overwrite the file and press ENTER whenever this occurs.
A-99
Appendix C
Unzipping 4088XXXZ.EXE produces several files, including:
!
4088.EXE
!
PLXXXZ.EXE
NOTE: PLXXXZ.EXE is a zipped file containing the file PL.EXE. It should be
unzipped by typing PLXXXZ (substituting the correct version number for the
Xs) and pressing ENTER before continuing.
5. From the DDF directory run PolyLink by entering PL and pressing ENTER.
NOTE: If using a DDF3088, complete the following steps:
!
Use the HCOM utility to delete all unnecessary files from the C:\T
directory. (For instructions on using HCOM, refer to the text file
HCOM.TXT on the Polysonics Bulletin Board System [BBS] or on the
PlantCom Utility Software diskette.)
!
Use HCOM to transfer PL.EXE and 4088.EXE to the C:\T directory.
!
Exit HCOM by pressing the ESC key on the DDF3088.
!
Run PolyLink on the DDF3088 by completing steps 6 through 12 in
Section A.2.2.
NOTE: If the units have trouble connecting, refer to the connection information
following step 9 in Section A.2.1.
6. Press ENTER again to display the VT100 screen.
A-100
Appendix C
7. From the VT100 screen select S/W UPLOAD.
The Software Upload Screen is displayed:
Software Upload
ENTER FLOWMETER PROGRAM FILE NAME:
Figure A-6 Software Upload Screen
8. Enter 4088.EXE and press ENTER:
A rotating cursor is displayed indicating that the file is transferring to the flowmeter.
After the transfer is complete, the following message is displayed:
UPLOAD COMPLETE.
RESTART THE FLOWMETER. (CONSULT CURRENT INSTRUCTION MANUAL
OR ADDENDUM.)
PRESS ANY KEY...
9. Exit PolyLink (before restarting the flowmeter).
10. Restart the flowmeter by turning the power off and back on.
While the flowmeter is initializing, the new software version number momentarily
appears on the flowmeter's display to indicate a successful upgrade. In addition, the
software version number can be verified by viewing it in the flowmeter’s software
display menu.
A-101
Appendix C
NOTE 1: If a prompt is displayed on the DDF4088 requesting a serial number, refer to
Section A.6.3.
NOTE 2: If the software upgrade was performed from a DDF3088, the software
upgrade files should be deleted from the DDF3088 using the HCOM utility.
This allows more space for recording data log files. However, if sufficient
space exists for normal data log recording, PL.EXE may be left in place for
future usage of PolyLink.
A.6.2 INITIAL UPGRADES OF THE DDF4088 (NON-POLYLINK UPGRADE)
There are two separate procedures for upgrading the DDF4088, depending on the version
of software that is currently installed in the flowmeter, as follows:
!
Procedure for initial upgrades (that is, upgrades from version 1.0 to any other version)
!
Procedure for all subsequent upgrades (that is, all upgrades from version 1.1 or higher
to any other version)
Initial upgrades of a DDF4088 do not use the PolyLink utility, but the initial upgrade
procedure is provided in this section for reference. Once the initial upgrade is performed,
all subsequent upgrades are handled through PolyLink (Section A.6.1).
To perform an initial upgrade of the DDF4088:
1. Turn off power to the DDF4088.
2. Open the door on the DDF4088 and remove the sheetmetal access cover (attached by
two screws).
3. Connect a null modem cable to the DB9 connector on the main board of the DDF4088
(not to the DB25 connector as is done with PolyLink).
4. Connect the other end of the null modem cable to the PC.
NOTE: If using a DDF3088, skip steps 3 and 4. Connect the round end of the RS232
Com Cable to the RS232 port of the DDF3088 (Figure A-2). Connect the
other end of the cable to the DB9 connector of the DDF4088.
A-102
Appendix C
5. Go to the C: prompt on the PC.
IMPORTANT: If Windows is running on the PC, totally exit Windows before going to
the C: prompt. Do not click on the MS-DOS prompt icon as a means of
going to the C: prompt as this may cause connectivity problems.
Use the following procedures for totally exiting Windows to the
C: prompt, depending on the version of Windows that is running:
!
For Windows 3.1:
- Exit the Windows session from the Program Manager window.
!
For Windows 95:
- Click on the START button on the Windows 95 taskbar.
- Click on the SHUTDOWN button.
- Click on the button labeled RESTART THE COMPUTER IN
MS-DOS MODE.
6. Create a directory called DDF (if the DDF directory does not already exist).
NOTE: To create the DDF directory, enter the following commands at the C: prompt
one at a time, pressing ENTER after each one:
C:
CD\
MD DDF
7. Copy 4088XXXZ.EXE to the DDF directory (substituting the current version number
for the Xs):
NOTE: To copy the file 4088XXXZ.EXE to the DDF directory:
!
Go to the directory where 4088XXXZ.EXE is located. (If 4088XXXZ.EXE
is located on diskette, insert the diskette into the diskette drive. Enter the
drive letter followed by a colon and press ENTER. For example, if the
diskette drive is drive A, enter A: and press ENTER.)
!
Enter the following (substituting the correct version number for the Xs) and
press ENTER:
COPY 4088XXXZ.EXE C:\DDF
A-103
Appendix C
C:
CD\
CD DDF
9. Unzip 4088XXXZ.EXE by typing the file name 4088XXXZ (without the extension)
and pressing ENTER. (Substitute the correct version number for the Xs).
NOTE: A message may be displayed during the unzipping process indicating that a
file with the same name already exists. Enter Y (for yes) for permission to
overwrite the file and press ENTER whenever this occurs.
Unzipping 4088XXXZ.EXE produces several files, including:
!
UPGR4088.BAT
!
COMM.EXE
!
SELECTKB.EXE
!
STARTUP.BAT
!
4088.EXE
NOTE: If using a DDF3088, complete the following steps:
!
Use the HCOM utility to delete all unnecessary files from the C:\T
directory. (For instructions on using HCOM, refer to the text file
HCOM.TXT on the Polysonics Bulletin Board System [BBS] or on the
PlantCom Utility Software diskette.)
!
Use HCOM to transfer the unzipped files listed above to the C:\T directory.
!
Exit HCOM by pressing the ESC key on the DDF3088.
!
Enter the following commands, pressing YES (ENTER) after each one, to
go to the C:\T directory of the DDF3088:
CD\
CD\T
A-104
Appendix C
10. Enter UPGR4088 and press ENTER if the cable is connected to com port 1.
NOTE: The DDF3088 uses com port 1.
A flashing cursor appears in the upper left corner of the screen.
NOTE: If the cable is connected to a com port other than com port 1, do not enter
UPGR4088. Instead enter the following command (substituting the X for the
correct com port number) and press ENTER:
COMM /B9600 /COMX
Ensure that there is a space after COMM and after B9600.
11. Disconnect power from the DDF4088.
12. Reconnect power to the DDF4088.
13. Press ESCAPE immediately after the displayed memory check has completed and
before the batch file finishes running.
A series of messages is displayed, including BAD OR MISSING (B:\CONFIG.SYS).
This is normal and no corrective actions are necessary. After several seconds, the B:\
prompt is displayed.
If the batch file does not run and the B:\ prompt is not displayed, the RS232 settings
may need to be reconfigured and steps 10 through 13 repeated. (For help in
reconfiguring the RS232 settings on a PC, press F1.)
IMPORTANT: If the A: prompt is ever displayed, enter B: and press ENTER before
proceeding.
14. From the B:\ prompt enter DEL *.* and press ENTER.
A message is displayed indicating that all files in the current directory will be deleted.
15. Enter Y (for yes) for permission to delete the files and press ENTER.
16. Enter TRANSFER -R 4088.EXE and press ENTER.
NOTE: Ensure that there is a space after TRANSFER and after -R. (On a DDF3088,
the hyphen character is accessed by simultaneously pressing the SHIFT and K
keys.)
The message RECEIVING 4088.EXE... is displayed indicating that the B: drive is
ready to receive the file. Do not wait for the file to be received, but go immediately to
the next step. The transfer may not occur and the program may lock up if too much
time elapses between keyboard entries. If this occurs, the PC may need to be restarted.
17. Press the PgUp key.
UPLOAD WHICH FILE:
A-105
Appendix C
18. Enter 4088.EXE and press ENTER.
UPLOAD 4088.EXE ASCII OR XMODEM (A OR X):
19. Press X for XMODEM. (Do not press ENTER.)
UPLOADING 4088.EXE
XXXXX BYTES, XXX BLOCK(S)
TRANSFER TIME: X MIN X SEC
NOTE: If a DDF3088 is used, the LCD cannot display the entire message due to space
limitations.
After a few seconds the transfer begins, as indicated by a series of Ts. A message is
displayed indicating when the transfer is complete.
20. Enter 4088 on the PC and press ENTER to run the new software on the flowmeter.
(While the flowmeter is initializing, the new software version number momentarily
appears on the flowmeter's display.)
IMPORTANT: Verify that the software on the flowmeter is running properly before
proceeding to the next step.
21. Enter TRANSFER -R STARTUP.BAT and press ENTER.
The message RECEIVING STARTUP.BAT... is displayed indicating that the B: drive
is ready to receive the file. Do not wait for the file to be received, but go immediately to
the next step.
22. Press the PgUp key.
UPLOAD WHICH FILE:
23. Enter STARTUP.BAT and press ENTER.
UPLOAD STARTUP.BAT ASCII OR XMODEM (A OR X):
24. Press X for XMODEM. (Do not press ENTER.)
UPLOADING STARTUP.BAT
XXXXX BYTES, XXX BLOCK(S)
TRANSFER TIME: X MIN X SEC
After a few seconds the transfer begins, as indicated by a series of Ts. A message is
displayed indicating when the transfer is complete.
A-106
Appendix C
25. Exit from the upgrade procedure by holding down the ALT key while pressing X.
NOTE 1: If a prompt is displayed on the DDF4088 requesting a serial number, refer to
Section A.6.3.
NOTE 2: If using a DDF3088, complete the following steps:
!
Exit the upgrade procedure by restarting the DDF3088. (To restart the
unit, hold down the two shift buttons and the red power button for several
seconds until the screen turns black.)
!
After all flowmeters have been upgraded, use HCOM to delete the
unzipped software upgrade files from the DDF3088. (This allows more
space for recording data log files.)
A.6.3 ENTERING THE SERIAL NUMBER FOR DDF4088 UPGRADES
If a DDF4088 was upgraded from version 1.1 to any higher version, the following is
displayed after the flowmeter initializes with the new software:
ENTER SERIAL #
=
Enter the serial number which is located on a label attached to the flowmeter (ignoring any
letters if present) and press ENTER.
IMPORTANT: The serial number must be entered very carefully. The correct serial
number is essential if the flowmeter is being upgraded to multi-channel
operation. (It defaults to single-channel mode if entered incorrectly.)
Special service is required by the factory to remedy an incorrectly entered
serial number.
A.7 Graphical Signal Analysis for the DDF4088 and DDF4488
PolyLink can display a graphic representation of the signal received by a DDF4088 and
DDF4488. The signal analysis function allows the user to visually observe the signal being
received and interpret signal quality, the presence of interference, etc. This feature is
available whether PolyLink is run from an IBM-compatible PC or from a DDF3088.
Undesirable frequencies may be produced by a variety of sources at the measurement site
such as vibration, interference from motor controllers, etc. Special interference frequency
filters can be set and custom signal processing schemes designed for those difficult
applications where other instruments may not function at all.
The signal can be displayed as a waveform in the frequency (FFT) domain (Figure A-7) or
in the time (SIG) domain (Figure A-8).
A-107
Appendix C
Figure A-7 Signal Analysis Screen (Signal Displayed in the Frequency [FFT] Domain)
Figure A-8 Signal Analysis Screen (Signal Displayed in the Time [SIG] Domain)
A-108
Appendix C
To use the signal analysis function:
1. From the VT100 screen, select SIG. ANAL.
The Signal Analysis screen is displayed:
Figure A-9 Signal Analysis Screen (with Interference Present)
In the example displayed in Figure A-9, the desired signal appears as a typical bell-shaped
curve on the left. An isolated peak near the center of the display has been identified as an
interference signal. The median point of the signal appears in the upper right corner of the
display and is indicated at the bottom of the display by a small arrow.
2. If the filter is currently disabled, select FILTER ENABLE.
3. Select FILTER.
Two brackets are displayed as thin vertical lines on the screen (Figure A-10). These
brackets are used to define filters for eliminating interference frequencies from the
signal spectrum.
NOTE: Select a specific bracket by pressing the UP ARROW key. Move the selected
bracket by pressing the RIGHT and LEFT ARROW keys. Select fine or coarse
bracket movement by pressing the DOWN ARROW key.
A-109
Appendix C
4. Position the brackets until the interference signal is enclosed by the brackets (Figure
A-10):
Figure A-10
Positioning Brackets around Interference Frequency
A-110
Appendix C
5. Select SET FILTER to set the filter and reject the bracketed frequencies (Figure A-11).
The signal is displayed with the frequencies rejected:
Figure A-11 Signal with Frequencies Rejected
NOTE: Several filters can be in effect simultaneously by repeating steps 4 and 5 for
each desired filter.
6. To re-do the filter setting procedure, select REDO. (All filters are cleared and new data
is gathered for another attempt.)
7. Select EXIT to return to the first Signal Analysis screen to view the effects of the filters
on the signal.
The signal can now be displayed either with or without the filters in place by selecting
FILTER ENABLE or FILTER DISABLE.
A-111
Appendix C
PIPE SCHEDULES
This appendix provides pipe schedules as a convenient reference for the following pipe
materials:
!
Steel, stainless steel, and PVC (Table B-1)
!
Cast iron (Table B-2)
!
Ductile iron (Table B-3)
The inside diameters (IDs) listed in the following tables are calculated from the outside
diameter and minimum wall thicknesses as specified in applicable standards. The actual
pipe inside diameter may vary from the dimension listed in the tables by as much as 25%
of the pipe minimum wall thickness. The accuracy of flow rate measurement is enhanced if
the pipe ID is actually measured.
A-112
al Pipe
Appendix
Table B-1
Steel, Stainless Steel, and PVC Pipe Standard Schedules
Inside Diameter (ID) and Outside Diameter (OD) in Inches
Outside
Diameter (OD)
Sched. 5
Sched. 10
(Light wall)
Sched. 160
Std. Wall
X STG
1.315
1.185
1.097
1.049
1.660
1.530
1.442
1.380
0.957
0.815
1.049
0.957
1.278
1.160
1.380
1.900
1.770
1.682
1.278
1.610
1.500
1.338
1.610
2.375
2.245
1.500
2.157
2.067
1.939
1.687
2.067
2.875
1.939
2.709
2.635
2.469
2.323
2.125
2.469
2.323
3.500
3.334
3.260
3.068
2.900
2.624
3.068
2.900
4.000
3.834
3.760
3.548
3.364
3.548
3.364
4.500
4.334
4.260
4.026
3.826
3.624
3.438
4.026
3.826
5.563
5.345
5.295
5.047
4.813
4.563
4.313
5.047
4.813
6.625
6.407
6.357
6.065
5.761
5.501
5.187
6.065
5.761
8.625
8.407
8.329
8.125
8.071
7.981
7.813
7.625
7.437
7.187
7.001
6.813
7.981
7.625
10.750
10.482
10.420
10.250
10.136
10.020
9.750
9.562
9.312
9.062
8.750
8.500
10.020
9.750
12.750
12.438
12.390
12.250
12.090
11.938
11.626
11.374
11.062
10.750
10.500
10.126
12.000
11.750
13.500
13.376
13.250
13.124
12.812
12.500
12.124
11.876
11.500
11.188
13.250
13.000
15.000
14.000
Sched. 20
Sched. 30
Sched. 40
Sched. 60
Sched. 80
Sched. 100
Sched. 120
Sched. 140
16.000
15.670
15.500
15.376
15.250
15.000
14.688
14.312
13.938
13.562
13.124
12.812
15.250
18.000
17.670
17.500
17.376
17.124
16.876
16.500
16.124
15.688
15.255
14.876
14.438
17.250
17.000
20.000
19.634
19.500
19.250
19.000
18.812
18.376
17.938
17.438
17.000
16.500
16.062
19.250
19.000
24.000
23.564
23.500
23.250
22.876
22.624
22.062
21.562
20.938
20.376
19.876
19.312
23.250
23.000
30.000
29.500
29.376
29.000
28.750
28.500
29.250
29.000
35.376
35.000
34.750
34.500
35.250
35.000
41.000
40.750
40.500
41.250
41.000
47.250
47.250
47.000
36.000
42.000
48.000
31.876
31.312
-113
7088-8000
Table B-2
Cast Iron Pipe Standard Classes
1
Class A
minal
e
OD
Class B
Class C
Class D
Class E
Class F
Class G
Class H
ID
OD
ID
OD
ID
OD
ID
OD
ID
OD
ID
OD
ID
OD
ID
3.80
4.80
6.90
9.05
11.10
3.02
3.96
6.02
8.13
10.10
3.96
5.00
7.10
9.05
11.10
3.12
4.10
6.14
8.03
9.96
3.96
5.00
7.10
9.30
11.40
3.06
4.04
6.08
8.18
10.16
3.96
5.00
7.10
9.30
11.40
3.00
3.96
6.00
8.10
10.04
7.22
9.42
11.60
6.06
8.10
10.12
7.22
9.42
11.60
6.00
8.10
10.00
7.38
9.60
11.84
6.08
8.10
10.12
7.38
9.60
11.84
6.00
8.00
10.00
13.20
15.30
17.40
19.50
21.60
12.12
14.16
16.20
18.22
20.26
13.20
15.30
17.40
19.50
21.60
11.96
13.98
16.00
18.00
20.00
13.50
15.65
17.80
19.92
22.06
12.14
14.17
16.20
18.18
20.22
13.50
15.65
17.80
19.92
22.06
12.00
14.01
16.02
18.00
20.00
13.78
15.98
18.16
20.34
22.54
12.14
14.18
16.20
18.20
20.24
13.78
15.98
18.16
20.34
22.54
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
14.08
16.32
18.54
20.78
23.02
12.14
14.18
16.18
18.22
20.24
14.08
16.32
18.54
20.78
23.02
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
25.80
31.74
37.96
44.20
50.50
24.28
28.98
35.98
42.00
47.98
25.80
32.00
38.30
44.50
50.80
24.02
29.94
36.00
41.94
47.96
26.32
32.40
38.70
45.10
51.40
24.22
30.00
35.98
42.02
47.98
26.32
32.74
39.16
45.58
51.98
24.00
30.00
36.00
42.02
48.00
26.90
33.10
39.60
24.28
30.00
36.00
26.90
33.46
40.04
24.00
30.00
36.00
27.76
24.26
27.76
24.00
56.66
62.80
75.34
87.54
53.96
60.02
72.10
84.10
57.10
63.40
76.00
88.54
54.00
60.06
72.10
84.10
57.80
64.20
76.88
54.00
60.20
72.10
58.40
64.82
53.94
60.06
r pipes with cement linings, reduce the pipe inside diameter by two times the lining thickness. Standard and double cement lining thicknesses are listed in
ble B-3.
-114
minal
e Size
7088-8000
Table B-3
Ductile Iron Pipe Standard Classes
Cement lining1
Inside diameter
Outside
Diameter (OD) Class 50
Class 51
Class 52
Class 53
Class 54
Class 55
Class 56
Standard
Thickness
Double
Thicknes
3.96
4.80
6.90
9.05
11.10
13.20
6.40
8.51
10.52
12.58
3.46
4.28
6.34
8.45
10.46
12.52
3.40
4.22
6.28
8.39
10.40
12.46
3.34
4.16
6.22
8.33
10.34
12.40
3.28
4.10
6.16
8.27
10.28
12.34
3.22
4.04
6.10
8.21
10.22
12.28
3.16
3.98
6.04
8.15
10.16
12.22
0.125
0.250
15.30
17.40
19.50
21.60
25.80
14.64
16.72
18.80
20.88
25.04
14.58
16.66
18.74
20.82
24.98
14.52
16.60
18.68
20.76
24.92
14.46
16.54
18.62
20.70
24.86
14.40
16.48
18.56
20.64
24.80
14.34
16.42
18.50
20.58
24.74
14.28
16.36
18.44
20.52
24.68
0.1875
0.375
32.00
38.30
44.50
50.80
57.10
31.22
37.44
43.56
49.78
55.96
31.14
37.34
43.44
49.64
55.80
31.06
37.06
43.32
49.50
55.64
30.98
37.14
43.20
49.36
55.48
30.90
37.04
43.08
49.22
55.32
30.82
36.94
42.96
49.08
55.16
30.74
36.84
42.84
48.94
55.00
0.250
0.500
r pipes with cement linings, reduce the pipe inside diameter by two times the lining thickness listed above.
-115
7088-8000
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPECIFIC
GRAVITY, VISCOSITY, AND SOUND
VELOCITY FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Figure C-1 is a graph showing the approximate relationship between specific gravity,
viscosity and sound velocities for aliphatic hydrocarbons (petroleum products).
-116
Appendix
Figure C-1 Approximate Relationship between Specific Gravity Viscosity, and Sound Velocity
for Petroleum Products
-117
7088-8000
FLUID SOUND VELOCITIES AND
KINEMATIC VISCOSITIES
The information in the following "Fluid Sound Velocities and Kinematic Viscosities" table
is based on material from the Cameron Hydraulic Data Book (17th ed., Ingersoll-Rand,
1988) and Tables of Physical and Chemical Constants (13th ed., Longmans, 1966).
-118
Appendix
LIQUID
Acetaldehyde CH3CHO
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
16.1
20
-----
61
68
-----
0.305
0.295
50
1584
122
5196
---
10% ..................................................
15
---
59
---
1.35
50% ..................................................
15
---
59
---
2.27
80% ..................................................
15
---
59
---
2.85
Conc.-glacial ...................................
15
---
59
---
1.34
Acetic anhydride
24
15
1384
---
75
59
4540
---
--0.88
Acetone CH3COCH3
20
1190
68
3903
0.41
Acetylene tetrabromide
28
1007
82
3303
---
Acetylene tetrachloride
28
1155
82
3788
---
20
40
-----
68
104
-----
1.60
0.90
butyl-n..............................................
20
70
-----
68
158
-----
3.64
1.17
ethyl (grain) C2H5OH......................
20
37.8
-----
68
100
-----
1.52
1.2
methyl (wood) CH3OH ....................
15
0
-----
59
32
-----
0.74
1.04
propyl...............................................
20
50
-----
68
122
-----
2.8
1.4
-17.8
---
0
---
0.30
Amyl acetate
29.2
1173
85
3847
---
n-Amyl alcohol
28.6
1224
83
4015
---
iso-Amyl ether
26
1153
79
3782
---
Aniline
20
10
1656
---
68
50
5432
---
4.37
6.4
-183.0
816.7
-297
2679
---
Acetic acid
Alcohol
allyl ..................................................
Ammonia
Argon
-119
7088-8000
LIQUID
Asphalt, blended
RC-0, MC-0, SC-0 ...........................
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
25
37.8
-----
77
100
-----
159 - 324
60 - 108
RC-1, MC-1, SC-1 ...........................
37.8
50
-----
100
122
-----
518 - 1080
159 - 324
RC-2, MC-2, SC-2 ...........................
50
60
-----
122
140
-----
518 - 1080
215 - 430
RC-3, MC-3, SC-3 ...........................
50
60
-----
122
140
-----
1295 - 2805
540 - 1080
RC-4, MC-4, SC-4 ...........................
60
82.8
-----
140
180
-----
1725 - 4315
270 - 540
RC-5, MC-5, SC-5 ...........................
60
82.8
-----
140
180
-----
6040 - 18340
647 - 1295
RS-1, MS-1, SS-1 ............................
25
37.8
-----
77
100
-----
33 - 216
19 - 75
25
37.8
-----
77
100
-----
215 - 1510
75 - 367
25
37.8
-----
77
100
-----
33 - 216
19 - 75
Automotive crankcase oils
SAE-5W ...........................................
-17.8
---
0
---
1295 max
SAE-10W .........................................
-17.8
---
0
---
1295 - 2590
SAE-20W .........................................
-17.8
---
0
---
2590 - 10350
SAE-20 ............................................
98.9
---
210
---
5.7 - 9.6
SAE-30 ............................................
98.9
---
210
---
9.6 - 12.9
SAE-40 ............................................
98.9
---
210
---
12.9 - 16.8
SAE-50 ............................................
98.9
---
210
---
16.8 - 22.7
Automotive gear oils
SAE-75W .........................................
98.9
---
210
---
4.2 min
SAE-80W .........................................
98.9
---
210
---
7.0 min
SAE-85W .........................................
98.9
---
210
---
11.0 min
SAE-90 ............................................
98.9
---
210
---
14 - 25
SAE-14Q..........................................
98.9
---
210
---
25 - 43
SAE 150...........................................
98.9
---
210
---
43 Min.
20
---
68
---
1.8
Asphalt emulsions
Fed #1 ..............................................
Fed #2, V, VI ...................................
Beer
-120
7088-8000
LIQUID
Benzene (Benzol) C6H6
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
20
0
1321
---
68
32
4333
---
0.744
1.00
Benzophenone
100
1316
212
4316
---
Bismuth
285
1663
545
5455
---
Bone Oil
54.4
100
-----
130
212
-----
47.5
11.6
Bromine
20
---
68
---
0.34
Bromobenzene
50
1074
122
3523
---
Bromoform
25
908
77
2978
---
-1.1
---
-----
-50
30
-----
0.52
0.35
Butyl acetate
30
1172
86
3844
---
n-Butyl alcohol
20
1257.7
68
4125
---
-104
1450
-155
4756
---
20
0
-----
68
32
-----
1.61
2.3cp
Cadmium
360
2150
680
7052
---
Caesium
130
967
266
3172
---
Calcium chloride
5% ....................................................
18.3
---
65
---
1.156
25% ..................................................
15.6
---
60
---
4.0
Carbolic acid (phenol)
18.3
---
65
---
11.83
Carbon tetrachloride CCI4
20
37.8
-----
68
100
-----
0.612
0.53
Carbon disulphide CS2
25
0
20
1149
-----
77
32
68
3769
-----
--0.33
0.298
Carbon tetrachloride
20
938
68
3077
---
Castor oil
18.6
37.8
54.4
1500
-----
65
100
130
4920
-----
--259-325
98-130
China wood oil
20.6
37.8
-----
69
100
-----
308.5
125.5
Chlorine
20
850
68
2788
---
m-Chlornitrobenzene
40
1368
104
4487
---
Chlorobenzene
25
1302
77
4271
---
Butane-n
iso-Butyl bromide
Butyric acid n
-121
7088-8000
LIQUID
Chloroform
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
20
25
60
--995
---
68
77
140
--3264
---
Cocoanut oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
Cod oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
32.1
19.4
Corn oil
54.4
100
-----
130
212
-----
28.7
8.6
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
32.1
27.5
24 Baume.........................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
129.8
95.2
25 Baume.........................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
303
173.2
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
37.9
20.6
15.6
54.4
-----
60
130
-----
3.8
1.6
40°API .............................................
15.6
54.4
-----
60
130
-----
9.7
3.5
35.6 API...........................................
15.6
54.4
-----
60
130
-----
17.8
4.9
32.6 API...........................................
15.6
54.4
-----
60
130
-----
23.2
7.1
Salt Creek ........................................
15.6
54.4
-----
60
130
-----
77
6.1
Cyclohexane
20
1278
68
4192
---
Cyclohexanol
30
1622
86
5320
---
-17.8
37.8
-----
0
100
-----
2.36
1.001
l-Decene
20
1250
68
4100
---
Deuterium oxide
20
1381
68
4530
---
Corn starch solutions
22 Baume.........................................
Cotton seed oil
Crude Oil
48°API .............................................
Decane-n
0.38
--0.35
29.8 - 31.6
14.7 - 15.7
-122
7088-8000
LIQUID
Diesel fuel oils
2D ....................................................
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
2-6
1. - 3.97
3D ....................................................
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
6 - 11.75
3.97 - 6.78
4D ....................................................
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
29.8 max
13.1 max
5D ....................................................
50
71.1
-----
122
160
-----
86.6 max
35.2 max
20
---
68
---
0.32
21.1
30
--1533
70
86
--5028
32
---
Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether
30
1296
86
4251
---
Dimethyl siloxane
(Dow Corning 200 fluid)
20
912.3
68
2992
---
100
1271
212
4169
---
Diphenyl ether
30
1462
86
4795
---
Ethanol
20
1156
68
3792
---
Ethanol amide
25
1724
77
5655
---
Ether (diethyl)
25
985
77
3231
---
Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H5
15
20
--1133
59
68
--3716
0.4
0.49
Ethyl alcohol
20
1161.8
68
3811
---
Ethyl bromide C2H5Br
10
20
932
---
50
68
3057
---
--0.27
Ethyl glycol
30
1606
86
5268
---
Ethyl iodide
20
876
68
2873
---
Ethylene bromide
20
---
68
---
0.787
Ethylene chloride
20
---
68
---
0.668
Ethylene dibromide
24
1014
75
3326
---
Ethylene dichloride
23
1240
73
4067
---
21.1
30
--1616
70
86
--5300
17.8
---
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether
30
1279
86
4195
---
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether
30
1339
86
4392
---
Diethyl Ether
Diethylene glycol
Diphenyl
Ethylene glycol
-123
7088-8000
LIQUID
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
Formaldehyde
25
1587
77
5205
---
Formamide
25
1610
77
5281
---
Formic acid
10% ..................................................
20
20
1299
---
68
68
4261
---
--1.04
50% ..................................................
20
---
68
---
1.2
80% ..................................................
20
---
68
---
1.4
Conc.................................................
20
---
68
---
1.48
Freon
-11 ....................................................
21.1
---
70
---
0.21
-12 ....................................................
21.1
---
70
---
0.27
-21 ....................................................
21.1
---
70
---
1.45
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
2.39 - 4.28
2.69
2 .......................................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
3.0 - 7.4
2.11 - 4.28
3 .......................................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
2.69 - 5.84
2.06 - 3.97
5A.....................................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
7.4 - 26.4
4.91 - 13.7
5B.....................................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
26.413.6 - 67.1
6 .......................................................
50
71.1
-----
122
160
-----
97.4 - 660
37.5 - 172
Gallium
50
2740
122
8987
---
Gas oils
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
13.9
7.4
15.6
37.8
-----
60
100
-----
0.88
0.71
b .......................................................
15.6
---
60
---
0.64
c........................................................
15.6
37.8
-----
60
100
-----
0.46
0.40
Fuel Oils
1 .......................................................
Gasolines
a .......................................................
-124
7088-8000
LIQUID
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
Glycerine
100% ................................................
30
20.3
37.8
1923
-----
86
69
100
6307
-----
50% Water .......................................
20
60
-----
68
140
-----
5.29
1.85cp
Glucose
37.8
65.6
-----
100
150
-----
7.7M - 22M
880 - 2420
Guaicol
100
1252
212
4107
---
Helium
-268.8
179.8
-452
590
---
-17.8
22.4
37.8
--1150
---
0
72
100
--3772
---
0.928
--0.511
Heptene
30
1082
86
3549
---
Heptyne
30
1159
86
3802
---
Hexane
20
1203
68
3946
---
-17.8
21.2
37.8
--1085
---
0
70
100
--3559
---
0.683
--0.401
Honey
37.8
---
100
---
73.6
Hydrogen
-256
1187
-429
3893
---
Industrial lubricants
Turbine oils
685...........................................
SSU at 1000F........................
15.6
93.3
-----
60
200
-----
647
14.5
420...........................................
SSU .........................................
15.6
93.3
-----
60
200
-----
367
11
315...........................................
SSU .........................................
15.6
93.3
-----
60
200
-----
259
8
215...........................................
SSU .........................................
15.6
93.3
-----
60
200
-----
151
7.3
150...........................................
SSU .........................................
15.6
93.3
-----
60
200
-----
99
6
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
--648
176
-125
7088-8000
LIQUID
Machine lubricants
#8.............................................
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
23 - 34
13 - 18
#10...........................................
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
34 - 72
18 - 25
#20...........................................
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
72 - 83
25 - 39
#30...........................................
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
75 - 119
39 - 55
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
30 - 40
17 - 23
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
40 - 46
23 - 26
Indium
260
2215
500
7265
---
Ink, printers
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
550 - 2200
238 - 660
Insulating oil
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
20
25
--1315
68
77
--4313
2.71
---
-34.4
---
-30
---
7.9
Lard
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
62.1
34.3
Lard oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
Lead
340
1760
644
5773
----
Linseed oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
30.5
18.94
Menhadden oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
29.8
18.2
50
1271
122
4169
---
Merck
20.2
1482.3
68
4862
---
Mercury
20
21.1
37.8
1454
-----
68
70
100
4769
-----
--0.118
0.11
Methanol
20
1118
68
3667
Methyl acetate
20
30
--1131
68
86
--3710
Cutting oils
#1.............................................
#2.............................................
Kerosene
Jet Fuel (av)
Menthol
24.1 max
11.75 max
41 - 47.5
23.4 - 27.1
--0.44
---
-126
7088-8000
LIQUID
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
Methyl alcohol
20
1121.2
68
3678
---
Methyl bromide
2
905
36
2968
---
Methyl iodide
20
30
--815
68
--2673
0.213
---
Methylene bromide
24
971.2
---
3186
---
Methylene chloride
23.5
1064
74
3490
---
Methylene iodide
24
977.7
75
3207
---
Milk
20
---
68
---
1.13
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
281 - 5070
151 - 1760
B, second .........................................
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
1410 - 13.2M
660 - 3.3M
C, blackstrap....................................
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
2630 - 55M
1320 - 16.5M
Naphthalene
80
---
176
---
0.9
Naptha
25
1225
77
4018
---
Neatsfoot oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
49.7
27.5
Nitrobenzene
20
23.8
--1462
68
75
--4795
1.67
---
-188.9
744.7
-308
2443
---
Nonane
20
1248
68
4093
---
l-Nonene
20
1218
68
3995
---
Nonene-n
-17.8
37.8
-----
0
100
-----
1.728
0.807
n-Octane
-17.8
20
37.8
--1192
---
0
68
100
--3910
---
1.266
--0.645
Oil (lubricating)
10
1625
50
5330
---
Oil of camphor
25
1390
77
4559
---
Oleic acid
20
1442
68
4730
---
21.7
37.8
54.4
1440
-----
71
100
130
4723
-----
--43.2
24.1
-182.9
912
-297
2991
---
37.8
---
100
---
47.8
Molasses
A, first ..............................................
Nitrogen
Olive oil
Oxygen
Palm oil
-127
7088-8000
LIQUID
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
54.4
---
130
---
26.4
28
1197
82
3926
---
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
42
23.4
l-Pentadecene
20
1351
68
4431
---
Pentane
20
1008
68
3306
---
iso-Pentane
25
985
77
3231
---
n-Pentane
-17.8
20
26.7
--1044
---
0
68
80
--3424
---
0.508
--0.342
Petrolatum
54.4
71.1
-----
130
160
-----
20.5
15
Petroleum ether
15.6
---
60
---
31(est)
Phenol
100
1274
212
4179
---
Potassium
150
1840
302
6035
---
n-Propanol
20
1220
68
4002
---
Propionic acid
20
---
68
---
1.13
n-Propyl acetate
26
1182
79
3877
---
n-Propyl alcohol
20
1223.2
68
4012
---
Propylene glycol
21.1
---
70
---
52
Pyridine
20
1445
68
4740
---
Quenching oil (typical)
---
---
---
---
100 - 120
Rapeseed oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
54.1
31
Rosin oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
324.7
129.9
Rosin (wood)
37.8
93.3
-----
100
200
-----
216 - 11M
108 - 4400
Rubidium
160
1260
320
4133
---
Sesame seed oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
39.6
23
30
766.2
86
2513
---
150
2500
302
8200
---
Paraldehyde
Peanut oil
Silicon tetrachloride
Sodium
-128
7088-8000
LIQUID
Sodium chloride (fused)
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
850
1991
1562
6530
---
5% ....................................................
20
---
68
---
1.097
25% ..................................................
15.6
---
60
---
2.4
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)
20% ..................................................
18.3
---
65
---
4.0
30% ..................................................
18.3
---
65
---
10.0
Soya bean oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
35.4
19.64
Sperm oil
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
21 - 23
15.2
37.8
82.2
-----
100
180
-----
180Mcp
1750cp
84.4 Brix .................................
37.8
82.2
-----
100
180
-----
48Mcp
800cp
82.3 Brix .................................
37.8
82.2
-----
100
180
-----
17Mcp
380cp
80.3 Brix .................................
37.8
82.2
-----
100
180
-----
6900cp
230cp
78.4 Brix .................................
37.8
82.2
-----
100
180
-----
3200cp
160cp
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
49.7
18.7
64 Brix ....................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
95.2
31.6
68 Brix ....................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
216.4
59.5
72 Brix ....................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
595
138.6
74 Brix ....................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
1210
238
76 Brix ....................................
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
2200
440
130
1332
266
4369
---
Sugar solutions
Corn syrup
86.4 Brix .................................
Sugar solutions
Sucrose
60 Brix ....................................
Sulphur
-129
7088-8000
LIQUID
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
Sulphuric acid
100% ................................................
20
---
68
---
14.6
95% ..................................................
20
---
68
---
14.5
60% ..................................................
20
---
68
---
4.4
Tar, coke oven
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
600 - 1760
141 - 308
Tar, gas house
21.1
37.8
-----
70
100
-----
3300 - 66M
440 - 4400
Tar, pine
37.8
55.6
-----
100
132
-----
559
108.2
50
100
-----
122
212
-----
43.2 - 64.9
8.88 - 10.2
RT-4 .................................................
50
100
-----
122
212
-----
86.6 - 154
11.6 - 14.3
RT-6 .................................................
50
100
-----
122
212
-----
216 - 440
16.8 - 26.2
RT-8 .................................................
50
100
-----
122
212
-----
660 - 1760
31.8 - 48.3
RT-10 ...............................................
50
100
-----
122
212
-----
4.4M - 13.2M
53.7 - 86.6
RT-12 ...............................................
50
100
-----
122
212
-----
25M - 75M
108 - 173
20
1484
68
4868
---
240
2470
464
8102
---
20
30
--1275
68
86
--4182
0.68
---
o-Toluidine
22.5
1669
73
5474
---
l-Tridecene
20
1313
68
4307
---
21.1
---
70
---
40
0
1189
32
3900
---
Turpentine
25
37.8
54.4
1225
-----
77
100
130
4018
-----
l-Undecene
20
1275
68
4182
Tar, road RT-2 .................................................
Tetralin
Tin (molten)
Toluene
Trielhylene glycol
Triethylamine
--86.6 - 95.2
39.9 - 44.3
---
-130
7088-8000
LIQUID
Varnish, spar
t 0C
c(m/s)
t 0F
c(ft/s)
cSt
20
37.8
-----
68
100
-----
313
143
20
1482.9
68
4864
1.0038
fresh .................................................
15.6
54.4
-----
60
130
-----
1.13
0.55
sea ....................................................
---
---
---
---
1.15
15
1507.4
59
4944
---
37.8
54.4
-----
100
130
-----
Xylene hexafluoride
25
879
77
2883
---
o-Xylene
20
22
--1352
68
72
--4435
0.93
---
450
2700
842
8856
---
Water
distilled ............................................
Water (sea)
(surface, 3.5% salinity)
Whale oil
Zinc
35 - 39.6
19.9 - 23.4
-131
7088-8000
GLOSSARY
This appendix provides a glossary of terms that may be useful when using the DCT-7088.
Accuracy
The ability of a flowmeter to produce an output within a
specific tolerance (in comparison to a known standard)
which corresponds to its characteristic curve. Refer to
Linearity.
Alarms
Flow condition indicators which register on the optional
printer. There are four separately programmable alarms
available on the DCT-7088 (Section 3.6.11).
Calibration
The procedure which prepares an instrument to operate
within its specifications.
Clean fluid
A fluid with few suspended particles or bubbles, such as
distilled water, solvents, and fuels.
Damping
The slowing of instantaneous signal changes to provide a
more gradual or smoother response to the process
measurement. Damping is configured by the user.
DCT
The Digital Correlation Transit time series of Polysonics
flowmeters.
Dirty fluid
A fluid containing suspended solids, contaminants,
particles, or bubbles.
Flow profile
Also called velocity profile. A side-view graphical
representation of the distribution of flow velocities in a
pipe. Flow profile is comprised of the shape of the layers
of individual local velocities inside a pipe. Factors that
determine the flow profile include the inertial and viscous
forces of the fluid, inside pipe roughness, line restrictions,
fittings, etc.
Full scale flow rate
The highest flow rate that can be measured by the
flowmeter with its current settings. The full scale flow
rate is dependent upon the setting of the maximum flow
range and the pipe inside diameter (ID).
Ingress protection (IP)
An international rating system for electrical equipment
enclosures. Indicates the degree of protection from
penetration of solid and liquid objects. The DCT-7088
meets IP67, which allows brief total immersion with the
lid closed to depths to 1 meter.
Inside roughness
Roughness on the inside pipe wall or liner surface,
expressed in feet.
-132
7088-8000
Linearity
The ability of the flowmeter to establish a relationship
between actual flow and its output, often called the
characteristic curve of the flowmeter, to approximate a
straight line relationship.
Main Menu
The Main Menu is a display which allows the user to
scroll to various sub-menus (Section 3.3). The Main
Menu can be accessed by pressing MENU twice.
Manual zero set calibration A zero set calibration method which applies a constant
offset entered by the user to all readings (Section 5.1.3).
Refer to Zero set calibration.
Menus (Primary Displays,
setup menus, diagnostic
menus, and print
commands)
The flowmeter uses Primary Displays, setup menus, and
diagnostic menus. Each of these has a unique two digit
menu address. Menus can be accessed using the numeric
keypad (Section 3.2) or the cursor (Section 3.3). In
addition, certain data may be printed using a two digit
print command.
Primary Displays are for viewing only and are not
configurable (Section 3.6.1).
Setup menus are used primarily to enter configuration
data or to view the flowmeter’s current configuration
settings (Section 3.6.2 through 3.6.12).
Diagnostic menus are for viewing various diagnostic
parameters and are not configurable (Section 3.6.13).
Certain print commands are available by pressing MENU
plus 97, 98, or 99 (Section 3.6.14).
Minimum velocity
The lowest speed at which liquid can travel and still be
accurately measured.
National Electrical
Manufacturers
Association (NEMA)
North American standards agency that rates instrument
enclosures according to their application. The DCT-7088
meets NEMA-6.
Newtonian and
non-Newtonian liquids
A Newtonian liquid is one which has a linear relationship
between the applied shear stress and the rate of liquid
deformation (applies to most liquids in most
applications). Therefore, it is a liquid which has a
constant viscosity at a given temperature that is not
affected by the rate of shear.
A non-Newtonian liquid is one which has a non-linear
relationship between the applied shear stress and the rate
of liquid deformation. Some colloidal suspensions and
certain other liquid/solids mixtures are non-Newtonian.
-133
7088-8000
Noise
Any signals received by the flowmeter other than the
transmitted signal.
Positive zero
The feature on Polysonics meters which inhibits
backflow indication or volume accumulation under zero
flow conditions. Setting the low flow or low signal
cutoffs to appropriate values can accomplish this.
Repeatability
The ability of a flowmeter to reproduce a measurement
each time a given flow rate is repeated.
Reynolds number
A dimensionless number which represents the flow of a
liquid as being laminar, transitional, or turbulent. The
Reynolds number is determined by velocity, kinematic
viscosity, and the area through which the fluid is moving.
The Reynolds number (in combination with the pipe
roughness and proximity to elbows or other obstructions)
determines the flow profile. The flowmeter automatically
corrects for these Reynolds number-induced variations in
the profile. Refer to Flow profile.
Scale factor
Provides a means for the user to adjust the instrument
output (Section 5.2). The flow measured by the
instrument is multiplied by this number.
Signal-to-noise-ratio
The proportion of desired ultrasonic signal versus other
unwanted signals (noise).
Slurry
A mixtures of a liquid with any insoluble material such as
clay, cement, coal, etc., usually described in terms of
percent solids content.
Sonic discontinuity
A region which reflects or scatters sound, typically solid
particles or gas bubbles.
Sound speed (sound
velocity)
The speed of propagation of a compressional or shear
wave through a specified material.
Sub-menu
A group of related menus. The sub-menus are listed on
the Main Menu. Refer to Section 3.3.
-134
7088-8000
Totalizer
A feature of the flowmeter that accumulates the total
volume of fluid that flows past the transducers. The
flowmeter has a positive totalizer, a negative totalizer,
and a net totalizer.
The positive totalizer accumulates the total volumetric
flow in the positive (upstream) direction.
The negative totalizer accumulates the total volumetric
flow in the negative (downstream) direction.
The net totalizer accumulates the total volumetric flow in
the positive direction minus the total volumetric flow in
the negative direction. (For example, if there are 3000
gallons of flow in the positive direction and 1000 gallons
of flow in the negative direction, the net totalizer
indicates 2000 gallons of net flow.)
Totalizer multiplier
The number by which the flow total is to be multiplied
for display purposes. The multiplier is a multiple of 10
which is selected by the user in Menu 37.
Transducer mounting
The mounting method to be used for installing the
transducer (Section 4.4). Refer to V method, Z method,
and W method.
Transducer spacing
The distance between the inside edges of the transducers
(the edges opposite the transducer cable connection.)
Transit time
In flow measurement, the time period for a sound wave to
travel from one transducer to the other.
V method
Installation method in which the transducers are mounted
on the same side of the pipe and the ultrasonic signal
makes two transits of the pipe per pass (Section 4.4.1).
Velocity profile
Refer to Flow profile.
W method
Transducer installation method used on small metallic
pipes. In the W method, the transducers are mounted on
the same side of the pipe and the ultrasonic signal makes
four transits of the pipe per pass (Section 4.4.2).
Z method
Installation method in which the transducers are mounted
on opposite sides of the pipe and the ultrasonic signal
makes one transit per pass (Section 4.4.3).
Zero flow set calibration
A zero set calibration method that is used only when the
flow in the pipe can be stopped (Section 5.1.2). It
automatically applies a zero point. Refer to Zero point
and Zero set calibration.
-135
7088-8000
Zero point
The amount of offset applied to all flow rates to enable
the flowmeter to read zero. All flow below this point is
considered negative flow.
A small adjustment to the zero point which may be
required to maximize accuracy at low flow rates
(Section 5.1). The two zero set calibration methods are
the zero flow set method and the manual zero set method.
Refer to Zero flow set calibration and Manual zero set
calibration.
-136
7088-8000
CONFIGURING THE DCT SERIES
FLOWMETER WITH TimeGATE ™
After the DCT series flowmeter has been installed, it is ready to be configured and placed
in operation. The flowmeter can be configured with an IBM-compatible PC and
TimeGATE™, a Windows95®-based configuration and graphical signal analysis utility. The
configuration settings are stored in the flowmeter’s non-volatile memory to protect them in
the event of power failure. Once the flowmeter has been configured, the transducers can be
spaced and installed on the pipe (Chapter 4). Flow can be monitored on a PC, on the
flowmeter’s display (if provided), or through a remote device connected to the current loop
output.
IMPORTANT: In order to access all of the features described here, TimeGATE™ must be
version 3.0 or higher and the DCT series flowmeter must have hardware
version 3.0 or higher. If connected to flowmeters with hardware versions
earlier than 3.0, TimeGATE™ version 1.0 must be used, which only
supports the graphic analysis function (Section F.5) and not the
configuration function. For these earlier hardware versions, configuration
and other functions must be performed directly on the instrument’s keypad.
F.1 The TimeGATE ™ Environment
This section defines terminology used in TimeGATE™ and describes rules for making
selections with a mouse or keyboard. The operator can use which ever mix of mouse or
keyboard commands is most comfortable.
F.1.1 DEFINITIONS
The following terminology is used in the TimeGATE™ configuration procedures:
Mouse Functions
Pointing
Indicating a desired selection on the screen with the cursor by moving
the mouse.
Clicking
Pressing the left mouse button once and releasing it after pointing to a
selected item.
Double-clicking
Quickly pressing the left mouse button twice and releasing it after
pointing to a selected item.
Dragging
Moving an object (for example, the slide bar in the current loop
calibration function) by completing the following steps:
1. Pointing to the object
2. Pressing and holding down the left mouse button
3. Moving the mouse to a new position
4. Releasing the mouse button
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Tabs, Option Groups, Lists, and Menus
Tab
The “folder tab” heading on the screen (Figure F-1) that displays a
group of related functions (for example, the CONFIGURATION tab).
The configuration parameters for the flowmeter are located on these
tabs. Only one tab can be accessed at a time by clicking on the tab’s
title.
Figure F-1 Tabs
Option group
A set of related options grouped together in a box on the
CONFIGURATION tab (for example, the PIPE option group)
[Figure F-2].
Figure F-2 Option Group
Options Column
A column located on the left of the CONFIGURATION tab containing
a list of the option groups (Figure F-3).
Figure F-3 Options Column
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Pull-down list
A list of additional selections for an option. If a pull-down list is
available, it can be displayed by clicking on the down arrow to the
right of the current selection (Figure F-4).
Figure F-4 Pull-Down List
Pull-down menus The FILE, EDIT, COMMUNICATIONS, and HELP options displayed
at the top of the screen. Clicking on one of these menus displays a
pull-down list of available functions.
Boxes and Buttons
Check box
A small box to the left of an option that allows the option to be
selected (checked) or cleared (unchecked) by clicking on the box
(Figure F-5).
Figure F-5 Check Box
Text box
A box which allows characters or numbers to be entered from the
keyboard (Figure F-6).
Figure F-6 Text Box
Command button A rectangular button that can be clicked on to carry out an action
(Figure F-7).
Figure F-7 Command Button
Radio button
Small circular button identifying an individual selection in a group
(Figure F-8). Only one radio button can be selected per group.
Figure F-8 Radio Buttons
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F.1.2 MOUSE OPERATION
Follow these guidelines when using a mouse in TimeGATE™:
!
Use the left mouse button for most standard mouse operations.
!
To select an item, click on it.
!
To select an item from a pull-down list, first open the list by clicking on the down
arrow located to the right of the list. Next, select an item from the list by clicking on the
item.
!
To check or uncheck a check box, click on it.
!
To select an item from a radio button group, click on it.
F.1.3 KEYBOARD OPERATION
Follow these guidelines when using a keyboard in TimeGATE™:
!
One screen element (such as a folder tab, text box, or command button) is always
highlighted to indicate that it can be currently accessed by the keyboard.
!
To move from one screen element to the next, press the TAB key.
!
To move from one folder tab to the next folder tab, press and hold down the
CONTROL key while pressing the TAB key.
!
To activate a command button when it is highlighted, press the ENTER key.
!
To select an item from a pull-down list, tab to the list then press the UP and DOWN
ARROW keys.
!
To select or clear a check box, tab to it and press the spacebar.
!
To select an item from a radio button group, tab to the first button and press the UP and
DOWN ARROW keys.
F.2 Installing TimeGATE ™
To install TimeGATE™:
1. Insert the TimeGATE™ diskette into the diskette drive of the PC.
2. Click on the START command button on the Desktop Screen.
3. Click on the RUN option.
4. Enter A:\SETUP and press ENTER.
NOTE: If the TimeGATE™ program is in a location other than drive A, alter the
SETUP command accordingly. For example, if the diskette is in drive B, enter
B:\SETUP.
5. Follow the on-screen instructions during the installation process. (The default options
are recommended for most installations.)
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F.3 Running TimeGATE ™
After installing TimeGATE™ (Section F.2), the program can be run as follows:
1. Open the door of the flowmeter and connect a null modem cable from the com port of
the flowmeter to the com port of the PC.
2. Ensure that power has been applied to the flowmeter.
3. If connecting TimeGATE™ to a DCT6088 or DCT7088, ensure that the TIMEGATE
selection in Menu 46 is active. To activate the TIMEGATE selection:
!
Access Menu 46.
!
Select TIMEGATE on the flowmeter display.
!
Access Menu 00.
4. Run TimeGATE™.
NOTE: If the default options were chosen during installation, TimeGATE™ can be run
by double-clicking the TimeGATE™ icon on the Desktop Screen.
The TimeGATE™ Welcome Screen is displayed, followed by the Connecting Screen
(Figure F-9):
Figure F-9 Connecting Screen
Communications are established after several seconds, then Configuration Screen 1 is
displayed (Figure F-10).
NOTE: If the units do not communicate, refer to Section F.6.
The flowmeter can now be configured (Section F.4) and flow data can be observed
(Section F.5). After the TimeGATE™ session is completed, the program can be
terminated by selecting EXIT from the FILE pull-down menu.
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F.4 Configuring the Flowmeter
The setup options are located on the CONFIGURATION tab in four separate screens. A list
of the option groups contained in the screens is displayed in the Options Column on the
left. By clicking on an option group in the column, the appropriate configuration screen is
displayed (Figures F-10 through F-13).
NOTE: Refer to Section F.6 for information on configuring the RS232 settings.
Figure F-10 Configuration Screen 1
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General Configuration Procedures
Follow these general steps when configuring the flowmeter:
1. Go to the CONFIGURATION tab.
2. Follow the step by step procedure in Sections F.4.1 through F.4.11 to set the
parameters for each option (for example, PIPE, TRANSDUCER, and FLOW ).
NOTE 1: Measurement units (English versus metric) may be selected in the Pipe OD Setup.
NOTE 2: If a value of less than 1 is entered, it must be preceded by a 0 (zero). For
example, if entering a pipe wall thickness of .5 inches, the number must be
entered as 0.5.
NOTE 3: If an option or a text box is dimmed out (greyed out), it is currently not available
or contains view-only information which cannot be edited for the current
parameters.
3. After entering all parameters, apply the settings to the flowmeter by pressing the SEND
command button (Figure F.14).
Figure F-14 Receive and Send Command Buttons
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4. Click on the GRAPH tab (Section F.5) to view the flow, velocity, signal strength, and
totalized flow values. (It takes several seconds for the full effects of the new
configuration to be applied to the flow data.)
5. Save the configuration data to a file for future retrieval by selecting SAVE AS from the
FILE pull-down menu and typing in a file name.
If the flowmeter and transducers were properly installed and a steady flow is present,
the flow and signal strength readings should be relatively stable. The signal strength
reading should typically be a minimum of 2%.
Sending, Receiving, and Saving Data
Configuration data is stored in the flowmeter’s non-volatile memory. This data is retrieved
automatically whenever the flowmeter first connects with TimeGATE™ or whenever the
RECEIVE command button in the CONFIGURATION tab is clicked (Figure F-14). This
allows the current configuration in the flowmeter to be reviewed and edited as required.
New configuration data is sent to the flowmeter by clicking on the SEND command button.
In addition, configuration data can be saved to a file for future use by selecting SAVE AS
from the FILE pull-down menu. (The default file extension for TimeGATE™ files is .DCT).
This feature may prove helpful when reconfiguring a flowmeter for routine changes in the
application or when configuring multiple flowmeters with identical parameters.
Changes can be saved to an existing file by selecting SAVE from the FILE menu. A saved
file can be run in a future session of TimeGATE™ by selecting OPEN from the FILE menu
and selecting the desired file. The saved parameters set can then be downloaded to the
flowmeter using the SEND button.
NOTE: By selecting EXPORT from the FILE pull-down menu, a file can be exported as a
comma delimited file for viewing the graph data in a spreadsheet.
F.4.1 PIPE OPTION GROUP
The PIPE option group is accessed by clicking on PIPE in the Options Column. This group
contains the options related to the pipe including pipe dimensions and pipe material.
Pipe Outside Diameter (OD)
To set the Pipe OD:
1. From the PIPE options group, click on the PIPE OD text box
2. Enter the pipe OD.
IMPORTANT: Actual (not nominal) dimensions must be entered. Precision is
important since accuracy is directly affected by the square of any error
in the pipe dimensions. Pipe schedules and classes are provided in
Appendix B for reference.
3. Click on the down arrow to the right of the adjacent text box.
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The pull-down list for the pipe OD measurement units is displayed, which includes:
!
INCHES
!
MM (millimeters)
4. Click on the desired measurement unit.
IMPORTANT: Selecting the measurement unit INCHES or MM for pipe OD
automatically selects English versus metric units for the following:
!
!
!
!
!
Pipe OD
Pipe wall thickness
Liner thickness
Transducer spacing
Sound speeds for pipe, liner, and fluid
Pipe Wall Thickness
To set the pipe wall thickness:
1. From the PIPE options group, click on the WALL THICKNESS text box.
2. Enter the pipe wall thickness.
Pipe Material
To select the pipe material:
1. From the PIPE options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the MATERIALS
text box.
The following selections are displayed:
!
CARBON STEEL
STAINLESS STEEL
!
CAST IRON
!
DUCTILE IRON
!
COPPER
!
PVC
!
PVDF LOW DENSITY
!
PVDF HI DENSITY
!
!
ALUMINUM
ASBESTOS
!
FIBERGLASS-EPOXY
!
OTHER
!
2. Click on the desired selection.
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IMPORTANT: The selection OTHER denotes any material not listed. If OTHER is
selected, the pipe sound speed and pipe inside roughness must be entered.
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Pipe Sound Speed
Pipe sound speed is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the pipe material. If
OTHER was not selected, the pipe sound speed is available for viewing only.
To set the pipe sound speed:
1. From the PIPE options group, click on the SOUND SPEED text box.
2. Enter the pipe sound speed.
Pipe Inside Roughness
Pipe inside roughness is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the pipe material.
Data on this parameter is available from the Cameron Hydraulic Data Book published by
Ingersoll-Rand. If OTHER was not selected, the pipe inside roughness is available for
viewing only.
1. From the PIPE options group, click on the ROUGHNESS text box.
2. Enter the pipe roughness.
NOTE: The number entered for pipe roughness is not important on lined pipes. In this
case, the liner inside roughness should be entered (Section F.4.2)
F.4.2 LINER OPTION GROUP
The LINER option group is accessed by clicking on LINER in the Options Column. This
group contains the options related to the liner including liner material and liner thickness.
Liner Thickness
To set the liner thickness:
1. From the LINER options group, click on the THICKNESS text box.
2. Enter the liner thickness.
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Liner Material
To select the liner material:
1. From the LINER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the MATERIAL
text box.
!
NONE (no liner)
!
TAR EPOXY
!
RUBBER
!
MORTAR
!
POLYPROPYLENE
!
POLYSTYROL
!
!
POLYSTYRENE
POLYESTER
!
POLYETHYLENE
!
EBONITE
!
TEFLON
OTHER
!
IMPORTANT: The selection OTHER denotes any material not listed. If OTHER is
selected, the liner sound speed and liner inside roughness must be entered.
Liner Sound Speed
Liner sound speed is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the liner material. If
OTHER was not selected, the liner sound speed is available for viewing only.
To set the liner sound speed:
1. From the LINER options group, click on the SOUND SPEED text box.
2. Enter the liner sound speed.
Liner Inside Roughness
Liner inside roughness is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the liner material.
Data on this parameter is available from the Cameron Hydraulic Data Book published by
Ingersoll-Rand. If OTHER was not selected, the liner inside roughness is available for
viewing only.
1. From the LINER options group, click on the ROUGHNESS text box.
2. Enter the liner roughness.
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F.4.3 FLUID OPTION GROUP
The FLUID option group is accessed by clicking on FLUID in the Options Column. This
group contains the options related to the fluid.
Fluid Type
To select the fluid type:
1. From the FLUID options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the TYPE text
box.
!
WATER
!
SEA WATER
!
KEROSENE
!
GASOLINE
!
FUEL OIL #2
!
CRUDE OIL
!
PROPANE (-45°C)
!
BUTANE (0°C)
!
OTHER
IMPORTANT: The selection OTHER denotes a fluid type not listed. If OTHER is selected,
the fluid sound speed and fluid viscosity must be entered for this fluid type.
Fluid Sound Speed
Fluid sound speed is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the fluid type. If OTHER
was not selected, the fluid sound speed is available for viewing only.
To set the fluid sound speed:
1. From the FLUID options group, click on the SOUND SPEED text box.
2. Enter the fluid sound speed.
NOTE: Refer to Appendices C and D for information on fluid sound speeds.
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Fluid Viscosity
Fluid viscosity is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the fluid type. If OTHER
was not selected, the fluid viscosity is available for viewing only.
To set the fluid viscosity:
1. From the FLUID options group, click on the VISCOSITY text box.
2. Enter the kinematic viscosity of the fluid.
NOTE: Refer to Appendices C and D for information on fluid viscosities.
F.4.4 TRANSDUCER OPTION GROUP
The TRANSDUCER option group is accessed by clicking on TRANSDUCER in the
Options Column. This group contains the options related to the transducer, including
selection of the transducer type, transducer mounting method, and spacing requirements.
Transducer Type
The flowmeter must be configured for the correct transducer arrangement – either with or
without the optional high-temperature blocks (Section 4.5).
To select the transducer type:
1. From the TRANSDUCER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the
TYPE text box.
!
STANDARD
!
HI TEMPERATURE
2. Click on the desired transducer type.
NOTE: STANDARD should be selected unless the optional high-temperature blocks
are used.
Transducer Mounting
The transducer can be mounted with the V, W or Z method (Section 4.4).
To select the transducer mounting method:
From the TRANSDUCER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the
MOUNT text box.
!
V
!
W
!
Z
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Transducer Spacing
Based on the setup parameters, TimeGATE™ automatically calculates the required
transducer spacing. The spacing parameter is displayed in the SPACING text box. This
value is for display only and is not editable. Refer to Section 4.2 for more information on
transducer spacing.
F.4.5 CALIBRATION OPTION GROUP
The CALIBRATION option group is accessed by clicking on CALIBRATION in the Options
Column. To assure accurate flow measurement, the instrument should be properly
calibrated. The calibration methods available are:
!
!
Scale factor calibration
These calibration methods must be performed for the particular pipe that is to be metered.
Table F-1 provides guidelines for selecting a calibration method:
Table F-1
Selecting the Calibration Method
Calibration Method
Function
Application
Zeros the instrument for an
actual no flow condition
Applies a manually entered offset
to all flow readings
Installations where flow can be
stopped
Where an offset is required
Compensates for manufacturing
variations in the transducers
Set by the factory to the value
imprinted on the transducers
! Zero flow set
! Manual zero set
Scale Factor
NOTE: The 4 to 20 milliampere (4 to 20 mA) current loop can also be calibrated for
applications using a current loop. Refer to Section F.4.8 for more information.
Zero Set Calibration
Once the instrument is operating on the actual pipe to be metered, a small adjustment to the
zero point, or zero set calibration, may be required to maximize accuracy at low flow rates.
Zero set calibration allows the flowmeter to read very close to zero under zero flow
conditions.
There are two zero set calibration methods available: the zero flow set method and the
manual zero set method. The zero point used by the flowmeter in either of these methods is
displayed in a text box to the right of the ZERO FLOW command button.
NOTE: After the instrument has been properly zeroed, it should display a stable reading
well below 0.05 feet per second (0.015 meters per second) under zero flow
conditions with the low flow cutoff disabled.
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Preliminary Steps
Before performing a zero set (zero flow set or manual zero set) calibration, follow these
preliminary steps:
1. Ensure that the transducers are connected to the pipe during the zero set calibration
procedure.
2. Ensure that the instrument is reading flow. The instrument must have successfully
completed its internal configuration process as indicated by the presence of a flow
reading on the Graph screen (Section F.5).
3. Disable the low flow cutoff to allow the zeroing operation to be verified. (To disable
the low flow cutoff, set the low flow cutoff value to zero.)
Zero Flow Set Method
The best method of zeroing the instrument is to stop the flow and perform a zero flow set.
on the pipe. The purpose of the zero flow set is to zero the instrument for the individual
installation. This method is used only when the flow in the pipe can be stopped.
To zero the instrument with the zero flow set method:
1. Follow the procedures outlined in Preliminary Steps, above.
2. Ensure that there is no flow in the pipe.
3. From the CALIBRATION options group, click on the ZERO FLOW command button
(Figure F.15).
Figure F-15 Zero Flow Button
If the flow rate is higher than recommended for performing a zero flow set calibration,
an error message is displayed. For example (Figure F-16):
Figure F-16 Zero Flow Set Error Message (example)
4. If the error message is displayed, the following is recommended:
!
Cancel the zero flow calibration by clicking on the NO button.
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!
Repeat steps 1 through 3 when the flow rate is within recommended limits. Flow
should be greater than -.25 and less than +.25 feet per second (-0.076 and +0.076
meters per second), as displayed on the GRAPH screen.
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Manual Zero Set Method
The zero point can be manually entered with the manual zero set method. This method
should be used infrequently. Manual zero set applies a constant offset entered by the user
to all readings.
Table F-2 illustrates an example of a manual zero offset of 10 gallons per minute:
Table F-2
Example of Manual Zero Offset
Uncalibrated Flow Reading
(before manual zero offset)
Manual Zero Offset
Calibrated Flow Reading
(after manual zero offset)
250 GPM
10 GPM
240 GPM
To zero the instrument with the manual zero set method:
1. Follow the procedures outlined in Preliminary Steps, above.
2. Minimize the flow occurring in the pipe.
3. From the FLOW options group (Section F.4.6), ensure that the minimum flow range
setting is the negative equivalent of the maximum flow rate setting. (For example, if the
maximum flow range setting is 100 gallons per minute, ensure that the minimum flow
range setting is -100 gallons per minute.)
4. From the FLOW options group, set the damping so that the flowmeter reads a steady
flow.
5. From the CALIBRATION options group, enter 0 (zero) in the text box to the right of the
ZERO FLOW button.
6. Click on the SEND button to send the data to the flowmeter.
7. Allow the flowmeter to settle for ten minutes.
8. Take ten separate flow readings and determine their average.
This average is designated as the variable P (for positive).
9. Disconnect the transducer wiring connections at the flowmeter and swap the upstream
wires with the downstream wires.
The flowmeter should begin to display a negative flow reading.
10. Allow the flowmeter to settle for ten minutes.
11. Take another ten flow readings and determine their average.
This new value is designated as the variable N (for negative).
12. Determine the manual zero point (Zp) by calculating the following formula:
Zp = (P+N)
2
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13. Enter the value of the zero point as determined in step 12 in the text box to the right of
the ZERO FLOW button.
NOTE: A negative offset may be entered by first typing a minus sign.
14. Click on the SEND button again to resend the data to the flowmeter.
15. Reconnect the transducer wires according to their original orientation.
16. Restore the minimum and maximum flow range values if they were changed.
17. Allow the flowmeter readings to settle for ten minutes.
The flowmeter is now calibrated with the manual zero set method.
Scale Factor Calibration
After the instrument’s zero point has been set and verified, a scale factor can be set to
adjust the measured flow. The flow measured by the instrument is multiplied by this scale
factor. (For example, if the displayed flow is twice the actual flow, a scale factor of 0.5
divides the displayed flow by 2. If the displayed flow is one-half of the actual flow, a scale
factor of 2 doubles the displayed flow.)
The primary reason for setting the scale factor is to compensate the instrument for
manufacturing variations in the transducers. The scale factor is preset at the factory and is
imprinted on the transducers. If an additional scale factor is required by the user, the
additional scale factor should be multiplied by the factory scale factor and the result should
be entered in the SCALE FACTOR text box.
Observe the following precautions when setting the scale factor:
!
Always determine the scale factor at the highest possible flow rate achievable in order
to maximize the accuracy of the scale factor.
!
Use only the factory preset scale factor as marked on the transducers in the following
situations:
-
The flow cannot be stopped to verify or set the zero point
-
A reasonably high flow rate cannot be achieved
-
An accurate secondary flow standard is not available
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F.4.6 FLOW OPTION GROUP
The FLOW option group is accessed by clicking on FLOW in the Options Column. This
group contains the options related to flow, including flow units, damping, and cutoffs (low
signal and low flow).
Flow Units
Both the volumetric units and the associated time rate (per) units are selectable for flow.
To select the flow units:
1. From the FLOW options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the first UNITS
text box.
The following units are displayed:
!
GALLONS
LITERS
!
!
CUBIC FT
!
CUBIC METERS
!
ACRE FT
!
!
OIL BARRELS
LIQUOR BARRELS
!
FEET
!
METERS
!
2. Click on the desired volumetric unit.
3. Click on the down arrow to the right of the second UNITS text box.
The following time rate units are displayed:
!
!
!
!
SEC
MIN
HOUR
DAY
4. Click on the desired time rate unit.
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Minimum and Maximum Flow Range Values
The minimum and maximum values can be set for the volumetric flow range. Setting the
optimum flow range generally improves the flowmeter’s response time.
NOTE: Whenever the pipe ID is changed, the flowmeter returns the volumetric flow
range to its default settings. The default settings are the minimum and maximum
flows for the new pipe ID that occur at +32 and -32 FPS (+9.76 and -9.76 MPS).
To set the minimum and maximum values for the flow range:
1. From the FLOW options group, click on the MIN FLOW text box.
2. Enter the minimum value for the flow range.
3. Click on the MAX FLOW text box.
4. Enter the maximum value for the flow range.
Damping
The damping coefficient suppresses short term fluctuations in the indicated flow rate. The
displayed flow rate and the 4 to 20 mA current loop output is a moving average of the last
n seconds where n is the damping value. Increasing the coefficient increases the response
time to changes. The coefficient is adjustable from 1 to 99 seconds in 1-second increments.
Damping should be kept at a minimum unless the velocity fluctuates wildly. If so, damping
should be increased just enough to reduce the fluctuation to an acceptable degree.
To set the damping:
1. From the FLOW options group, click on the DAMPING text box.
2. Enter the damping value.
Cutoffs
The flowmeter can be configured with a low signal cutoff or a low flow (low velocity)
cutoff. The cutoff function which is selected (low flow, low signal, or both) and the
accompanying cutoff value should be based on the specifics of the application.
Experimentation is recommended for achieving optimum results.
Low Flow Cutoff
When a zero flow condition occurs (for example, as the result of a pump being shut off),
internal sloshing, check valve leakage, and other fluid movement can prevent the
flowmeter from reading total zero. This phenomenon can result in totalizer errors. These
errors can be minimized by entering a low flow cutoff (a minimum acceptable value for
flow). Setting a low flow cutoff drives the flowmeter to zero for flow rates at or below that
value. If the flow rate (regardless of direction) falls below the low flow cutoff value, the
instrument’s indicated flow is driven to zero and the totalizers stop incrementing.
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For example, if a low flow cutoff of 0.1 feet per second (.03 meters per second) is entered,
the instrument would be driven to zero for flow rates less than 0.1 foot per second in the
positive direction and greater than -0.1 foot in the negative direction (Figure F-17).
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
+0.1 +0.2 +0.3
Zero flow
displayed here
Figure F-17
Low Flow Cutoff (example)
To set the low flow cutoff:
1. From the FLOW options group, click on the LOW FLOW CUTOFF text box.
2. Enter the value for the low flow cutoff.
NOTE: The value for the low flow cutoff should be set as high as is practical to
maximize the stability of the zero flow setting.
Low Signal Cutoff
Empty pipes or solids, bubbles, or voids in the flow stream may cause temporary drops in
signal strength and erroneous readings. The effect of these dropouts can be minimized by
setting a low signal cutoff. Setting a low signal cutoff (a minimum acceptable signal
amplitude), drives the flowmeter to the loss-of-signal (LOS) condition. The flowmeter’s
response to the LOS condition may be programmed as follows:
!
Drop the reading to zero
!
Hold the last valid reading (but continue to totalize)
In addition to these two options, a relay can be actuated based on the low signal cutoff
(Section F.4.9).
To set the low signal cutoff:
1. From the FLOW options group, click on the LOW SIGNAL CUTOFF text box.
2. Enter the value for the low signal cutoff.
NOTE: The value for the low signal cutoff should typically be set at approximately
one-half of the value of the signal strength present under flow conditions.
Note that signal strength is typically not significantly affected by flow rate.
3. Click on one of the following radio buttons:
!
ZERO (to drop the reading to zero during an LOS condition)
!
HOLD (to hold the last valid reading during an LOS condition)
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F.4.7 TOTALIZER OPTION GROUP
The TOTALIZER option group is accessed by clicking on TOTALIZER in the Options
Column. This group contains the options related to the totalizers, including selecting the
totalizer units and the totalizer multiplier.
There are three totalizers available:
!
Positive totalizer
!
Negative totalizer
!
Net totalizer
The positive totalizer tracks the flow moving in the positive direction (from the upstream
transducer to the downstream transducer). It is not affected by flow in the opposite
(downstream) direction.
The negative totalizer tracks the flow moving in the negative direction (from the
downstream transducer to the upstream transducer). It is not affected by flow in the
opposite (upstream) direction.
The net totalizer provides the difference between the positive and negative flow values. For
example, if there are 1000 gallons of flow in the negative direction and 3000 gallons of
flow in the positive direction, the net totalizer indicates 2000 gallons of net flow.
Enable Totalizers
Any combination of totalizers may be enabled or disabled. If a totalizer is merely disabled,
it stops totalizing but is not reset to zero.
NOTE: The totalizers can be reset by clicking on the RESET button in the GRAPH tab
(Section F.5) and clicking the appropriate check boxes.
To enable the totalizers, click on one or more of the following check boxes in the
TOTALIZER options group:
!
NET (net totalizer)
!
POS (positive totalizer)
!
NEG (negative totalizer)
Check marks indicate which totalizers are enabled.
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Totalizer Units
The totalizer unit which is selected can be different from the flow rate unit. For example, if
the flow rate is measured in gallons per minute, the totalizer can be measured in millions of
gallons.
To select the totalizer unit:
1. From the TOTALIZER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the UNITS
text box.
!
GALLONS
LITERS
!
!
CUBIC FT
!
CUBIC METERS
!
ACRE FT
!
OIL BARRELS
LIQUOR BARRELS
!
!
2. Click on the desired totalizer unit.
Totalizer Multiplier
The totalizer value can be displayed with one of several multiplier values. For example,
700 liters can be displayed as 700 “single liters” (if the multiplier value is X1) or
7 “hundreds of liters” (if the multiplier value is X100).
NOTE: The totalizer reading on the flowmeter display is followed by a slash symbol / (a
“per” symbol) if a totalizer multiplier other than 1 is selected. For example, a
totalizer value of 2500 cubic meters with a totalizer multiplier of x100 would be
displayed as: 25 M3/ .
To select the totalizer multiplier:
1. From the TOTALIZER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the
MULTIPLIER text box.
!
X 0.01
X 0.1
!
X1
!
X 10
!
X 100
!
X 1000
!
X 10000
!
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2. Click on the desired totalizer multiplier.
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F.4.8 4-20 mA CURRENT LOOP OPTION GROUP
The 4-20 mA option group is accessed by clicking on 4-20 mA in the Options Column.
This group contains the options for calibrating and testing the current loop and setting the
current loop span. The present value of the current loop output is displayed in milliamperes
above the test/calibration slide bar.
NOTE: Refer to the following sections for more information on the current loop:
!
Section 2.4.5 - connecting wiring to the current loop module
!
Section 2.6.1 - replacing the current loop module
!
Section 2.6.2 - selecting the current loop powering option
IMPORTANT: The current loop and relay functions on the DCT1088 are mutually
exclusive. Only one of these functions can be enabled at a time. When
calibrating, testing, or operating the current loop on a DCT1088, the relay
function must be disabled. (The relay mode selection must be OFF.)
Calibrating and Testing the Current Loop
The 4 to 20 mA current loop can be calibrated. In addition, the calibration of the current
loop and/or the devices connected to it can be tested. The current loop is factory calibrated
and should not require field calibration prior to initial use. However, if calibration and
testing should become necessary, complete the following steps:
1. From the 4-20 mA options group, click on the 4-20 mA check box to enable the current
loop function.
2. Click on the TEST/CALIBRATION check box.
3. Click on the CALIBRATE command button.
The first Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 1 of 5) is displayed (Figure F-18):
Figure F-18
Current Loop Calibration Screen (Step 1 of 5)
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4. Connect an ammeter to the input (IN) and output (OUT) terminals of the current loop
module and turn on the ammeter.
5. Click on the NEXT> command button.
The next Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 2 of 5) is displayed.
6. To perform a coarse calibration of the 4 mA (minimum) set point, enter the exact value
of the current loop output that is presently displayed on the ammeter.
The next Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 3 of 5) is displayed.
8. To perform a coarse calibration of the 20 mA (full scale) set point, enter the exact value
of the current loop output that is presently displayed on the ammeter.
TimeGATE™ now performs a coarse calibration of the 4 mA and 20 mA set points. The
following Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 4 of 5) is displayed to allow a fine
calibration (Figure F-19):
Figure F-19
10. Click on the 4 mA radio button:
After the current loop output stabilizes, the ammeter should now read exactly 4.00 mA.
If not, the 4 mA set point should be finely adjusted.
11. If fine adjustment is not required, skip this step. If fine adjustment is required, click on
the up arrow button to increase the value of the output or the down arrow button to
decrease the value. (Every two clicks on a button adjusts the calibration by
approximately .01 mA.)
12. Adjust the calibration of the 20 mA set point in a manner similar to adjusting the 4 mA
set point (steps 10 through 11).
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The last Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 5 of 5) is displayed (Figure F-20):
Figure F-20
The current loop can be tested by changing the output of the flowmeter and comparing
it to the reading on the ammeter. A slide bar is displayed that represents the 4 to 20 mA
range. The slide bar is scaled in increments of 1 mA, with 4 mA represented on the far
left and 20 mA on the far right. The present output is indicated by a pointer on the bar
with the corresponding numeric value displayed above the bar.
14. To test the accuracy of the current loop, click on the slide bar pointer.
15. Drag the pointer to each test position on the 4 to 20 mA scale and compare them to the
readings on the ammeter.
NOTE: If testing of the current loop output is all that is required, the test can be
performed on the 4-20 mA options group screen without entering the
calibration mode. The 4-20 mA options group screen contains an independent
test slide bar that looks and operates similar to the one displayed in the
calibration mode. To activate the independent test slide bar, ensure that the
TEST/CALIBRATION check box is checked and follow steps 14 and 15 of this
procedure.
16. If the value displayed above the slide bar and the ammeter do not match, readjust the
calibration and retest it (steps 10 through 15).
NOTE: To return to the previous screen for repeating steps 10 through 15, click on the
<BACK command button.
17. Click on the FINISH> button when complete.
18. Click on the SEND command button to apply the new current loop calibration settings
to the flowmeter.
NOTE: The current loop output maintains its present value for approximately 30
seconds after exiting the calibration or test function.
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Setting the Current Loop Span
After the current loop has been calibrated, the span (flow rate associated with the 4 to 20
mA output) can be set.
To set the span:
1. From the 4-20 mA options group, click on the 4-20 mA check box to enable the current
loop function.
2. Click on the FLOW RATE FOR 4 mA text box.
3. Enter the flow rate that equals the 4 mA (minimum) reading.
4. Click on the FLOW RATE FOR 20 mA text box.
5. Enter the flow rate that equals the 20 mA (full scale) reading.
F.4.9 RELAYS OPTION GROUP
The RELAY option group is accessed by clicking on RELAY(S) in the Options Column.
This group contains the options for configuring and testing the relays.
NOTE: Refer to Section 2.5 for information on replacing the relay and to Section 2.4.4 for
information on connecting the relay wiring.
IMPORTANT: The relay and current loop functions on the DCT1088 are mutually
exclusive. Only one of these functions can be enabled at a time. When
programming, testing, or operating the relay on a DCT1088, the current
loop function must be disabled. (The 4-20 mA check box must be
unchecked.).
Programming the Relays
One optional programmable relay is available for the DCT1088 and four optional relays
are available for the DCT6088 for functions such as alarm, pump control, etc. The relay
ON and OFF conditions can be independently programmed for each relay for a specified
flow, signal strength, or totalizer value. Alternatively, the relay can send a pulse to a
remote device (for example, a totalizer, sampler, or chlorinator) whenever the internal
totalizer advances by one unit. The relays can be tested (manually turned on and off) by
clicking buttons on the screen.
The output for the PULSE selections is limited to one cycle per second. The pulse duration
(relay ON time) is approximately 200 milliseconds. If the totalizer increments at more than
once per second, the flowmeter keeps track of how far behind the relay pulses are. The
flowmeter then catches up when a flow condition occurs where the totalizer increments at a
rate of less than once per second. To prevent the relay pulse output from falling behind, the
totalizer multiplier (Section F.4.7) should be selected such that at the maximum anticipated
flow rate the totalizer increments at once per second or less. For example if the totalizer
unit is in gallons and the maximum anticipated flow is 600 gallons per minute (10 gallons
per second), a multiplier of 10 should be selected.
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The net totalizer can either increment or decrement depending upon the direction of the
flow. Since the external totalizer (driven by the net totalizer pulse) can only increment, the
flowmeter stops transmitting pulses whenever negative flow is being measured. The
flowmeter keeps track of the negative flow and does not start sending pulses to the external
totalizer until the measured negative flow has been canceled out by positive flow. If an
application has negative flow for extended periods of time, separate external totalizers
should be used, driven by the positive and negative totalizers. The net flow total can then
be determined by subtracting the value for the negative external totalizer from the value for
the positive external totalizer.
To program the relays, follow these steps for each individual relay:
1. From the RELAY options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the RELAY
NUMBER text box.
Relay numbers 1 through 4 are available.
2. Click on the desired relay number.
NOTE: When configuring the relay for the DCT1088, relay number 1 must be
selected.
3. Click on the down arrow to the right of the MODE text box.
The following relay mode selections are displayed:
!
OFF - (for turning off the relay function)
!
PROGRAM - (for setting the relay ON and OFF conditions)
!
PULSE NET - (for sending a pulse to a remote device whenever the net totalizer
advances by one unit)
!
PULSE POS - (for sending a pulse to a remote device whenever the positive
totalizer advances by one unit)
!
PULSE NEG - (for sending a pulse to a remote device whenever the negative
totalizer advances by one unit)
If the OFF selection or one of the PULSE selections is chosen, the relay configuration
procedure is completed. If PROGRAM is selected, the relay ON and OFF conditions
must be set in the following steps. The OFF condition value should be entered in
conjunction with the ON condition value to establish a “dead band”. This prevents the
relay from continuously cycling on and off when the flow is close to the ON or OFF
value. For example, if the ON condition is FLOW > 250 gallons per minute, the OFF
condition may be set at FLOW < 240 gallons per minute. At these settings, the relay
turns on when the flow exceeds 250 gallons per minute and does not turn off until the
flow falls below 240 gallons per minute.
4. Click on the down arrow of the first ON condition pull-down list.
The following ON condition selections are displayed:
!
FLOW
!
SIG STRENGTH
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5. Click on the desired ON condition selection.
6. Click on the down arrow of the second pull-down list.
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The “greater than” and “less than” modifiers are displayed:
!
>
!
<
7. Click on the desired modifier.
8. Click on the ON condition text box (on the right) and enter the ON condition value.
9. Set the relay OFF condition in a manner similar to setting the ON condition (steps 4
through 8).
Testing the Relay
The relay can be tested by turning it on and off in the RELAY options group.
IMPORTANT: While the relay is being tested, the relay cannot respond to flow conditions.
To test the relay:
1. From the RELAY options group, click on the TEST check box to display a check mark.
NOTE: The test mode will automatically disable itself after several seconds if there is
no mouse or keyboard activity.
2. Click on the ON command button to turn on the relay or the OFF command button to
turn off the relay.
During the test, the relay should audibly click as it opens or closes and the relay’s LED
should light up when the relay is ON.
3. After the testing is completed, cancel the test function by clicking on the TEST check
box again to remove the check mark.
The relay returns to normal operation.
F.4.10 OPTIONS GROUP
The OPTIONS group is accessed by clicking on OPTIONS in the Options Column. This
group contains several miscellaneous functions, including baud rate setup for RS232
communications, and user-designated identification for the specific flowmeter unit which
is being used.
Flowmeter Baud Rate
For information on changing the flowmeter baud rate, refer to Section F.6.2.
Unit Tag and Unit Identification Number
A particular flowmeter or site may be identified by entering a unit tag (unit name) and unit
identification number. The name and number are determined by the user.
To identify the instrument:
1. From the OPTIONS group, click on the UNIT TAG text box
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2. Enter the name of the unit, using any combination of alpha-numeric characters.
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3. Click on the UNIT ID text box
4. Enter the identification number of the unit, using any whole number between 1 and
60,000.
F.4.11 DISPLAY OPTION GROUP
The DISPLAY option group is accessed by clicking on DISPLAY in the Options Column.
This function is applicable only to DCT1088 flowmeters which have the optional display.
The display can be configured to indicate any combination of flow rate, totalizer, or signal
strength values. For multiple selections, a cycle time can be entered to allow the display to
alternate between selections.
To configure the display:
1. Click on one or more of the following check boxes in the DISPLAY options group:
!
FLOW RATE
!
SIGNAL STRENGTH
!
TOTALIZER
2. If more than one check box was selected, click on the CYCLE TIME text box and enter
the cycle time (in whole seconds).
3. If TOTALIZER was checked, click on one of the following radio buttons (one only):
!
NET (net totalizer)
!
POS (positive totalizer)
!
NEG (negative totalizer)
NOTE 1: The following flow units cannot be represented on the display of the flowmeter:
Cubic feet
! Oil barrels
! Liquor barrels
! Feet
! Meters
If one of these flow or totalizer units is selected, a blank space is left where the
unit would normally be located on the display. The flow or totalizer numeric
value, however, is still displayed regardless of which unit is selected.
!
NOTE 2: The totalizer reading on the flowmeter display is followed by a slash symbol / (a
“per” symbol) if a totalizer multiplier other than 1 is selected. For example, a
totalizer value of 2500 cubic meters with a totalizer multiplier of x100 would be
displayed as: 25 M3/ .
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F.5 Viewing the Flow Data in the Graph Tab
After the flowmeter has been configured (Section F.4), the values for signal strength,
velocity, flow rate, and totalized flow can be observed in the GRAPH tab (Figures F-21
through F-23). In addition to numerical flow data, a graphical representation of a signal
sample is displayed for analysis.
The yellow waveform on the graph represents the signal from the upstream transducer,
while the green waveform represents the signal from the downstream transducer. The Y
(vertical) axis of the graph represents signal amplitude and the X (horizontal) axis
represents time in microseconds. The signal from the upstream (UP) and downstream
(DOWN) transducers can be displayed separately or simultaneously by clicking on the
appropriate check boxes located in the upper left corner of the graph.
The differential transit time of the upstream and downstream signals is represented by the
horizontal distance between the peaks of the two waveforms. The greater the horizontal
offset, the higher the flow rate.
To view a sample of the signal in different time resolutions, the graph can be scaled with
one of several time divisions along the X axis. The following time divisions selections are
displayed beneath the graph:
!
0.1 Τs/div (0.1 microseconds per division)
!
!
!
!
The horizontal scroll bar located at the bottom of the graph may be used to view the
portions of the sample which are not currently displayed. Figures F-21 through F-23
illustrate examples of the same signal as it would be displayed on the graph with three
different time divisions (0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 microseconds per division).
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Figure F-21 Graph with 0.5 Microseconds per Division (example)
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The Y axis can also be displayed with one of several scaling factors.
To select a scale for the Y axis, click on the down arrow to the right of the Y text box
(located in the upper right corner of the graph) and click on one of the following Y scaling
factors:
!
x1
!
x2
!
x4
For further analysis of a particular signal sample, the image can be “frozen” on the graph
before the sample is updated by clicking the STOP check box in the lower right corner.
NOTE: The RESET button on the GRAPH tab is used for resetting the totalizers.
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F.6 RS232 Communications
This section describes RS232 communications for TimeGATE™ and how to transmit a
communications test message for diagnostic purposes. The baud rate and com port are the
only RS232 parameters that can be selected for TimeGATE™. Parity is preset at none, the
character size is preset at 8, and the stop bits are preset at 1. (All selections are N,8,1.)
Com port 1 or 2 can be selected. In addition, baud rates of 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, or
19200 can be selected.
IMPORTANT: Prior to connecting TimeGATE™ to a DCT6088 or DCT7088, ensure that
the TIMEGATE selection in Menu 46 is active. To activate the TIMEGATE
selection in these flowmeters:
!
Access Menu 46.
!
Select TIMEGATE from the flowmeter display.
!
Access Menu 00.
F.6.1 WHEN TimeGATE™ CANNOT CONNECT
When starting TimeGATE™ (Section F.3), the Welcome Screen is displayed, followed by
the Connecting Screen (Figure F-24). If the units connect properly, an X is momentarily
displayed to the left of SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION, and TimeGATE™ connects.
If the X is not displayed, TimeGATE™ does not connect and the Connecting Screen
remains, offering the following options:
!
EXIT - To quit TimeGATE™
!
OFFLINE - To access the TimeGATE™ screens in an offline session without connecting
to the flowmeter (Section F.6.3)
!
COMM SETUP - To change the com port or baud rate settings of the PC
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When TimeGATE™ cannot connect and the cause is unknown, complete the following
steps in order from the Connecting Screen until the units connect:
1. Ensure that the cable connections are tight and that the cable is a null modem cable.
2. Click on the COMM SETUP command button.
The Communications Setup Screen is displayed (Figure F-25):
Figure F-25 Communications Setup Screen
In the Communications Setup Screen, the com port and baud rate for the PC can be
selected. The com port selected for the PC must currently be available for use by
TimeGATE™. (There cannot be com port conflicts.) The baud rate selected for the PC must
match the current baud rate of the flowmeter.
3. Try the PC’s other com port as follows:
!
Click on the down arrow to the right of the COM PORT text box.
!
Click on the other com port selection.
!
Click on OK.
NOTE: If the selected com port is not available, a message is displayed asking
whether the other com port should be used. If this occurs, click on YES.
4. From the Communications Setup Screen, try changing the PC’s baud rate as follows:
!
Click on the down arrow to the right of the BAUD RATE text box.
!
Click on the most likely baud rate used by the flowmeter.
!
Click on OK and wait several seconds.
5. Repeat step 4, trying a different baud rate each time until the units connect.
F.6.2 CHANGING THE BAUD RATE ON THE FLOWMETER
The baud rate is the only RS232 parameter that can be selected for the flowmeter. The com
port is preset at 1, parity is preset at none, the character size is preset at 8, and the stop bits
are preset at 1. (All selections are N,8,1.) Baud rates of 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, or 19200
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can be selected. The baud rate on the flowmeter can be changed using TimeGATE™ only
when TimeGATE™ is connected online.
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To change the baud rate on the flowmeter:
1. Connect online with TimeGATE™ (Section F.3).
2. From the OPTIONS group on the CONFIGURATION tab, click on the down arrow to
the right of the FLOWMETER BAUD RATE text box.
3. Click on the desired baud rate for the flowmeter.
4. Click on the SEND command button.
5. From the top of the screen, select CONFIGURE from the COMMUNICATIONS
pull-down menu.
The Communications Setup Screen is displayed (Figure F-25).
6. Click on the down arrow to the right of the BAUD RATE text box.
7. Click the baud rate selection for the PC which matches the new baud rate setting for the
flowmeter and click on OK.
8. Exit from TimeGATE™ by selecting EXIT from the FILE pull-down menu.
9. Restart the flowmeter by turning the power to the flowmeter off and back on again.
The flowmeter should now be able to connect to TimeGATE™ at the new baud rate.
F.6.3 RUNNING TimeGATE™ IN AN OFFLINE SESSION
TimeGATE™ can be run in an offline session in order to view and edit the configuration
settings. The OFFLINE option is offered in the Connecting Screen (Figure F-24) if the
units fail to connect. Flow and configuration data cannot be sent or received by the
flowmeter in an offline session. However, the settings can be saved to a file for future
online connections (Section F.4).
F.6.4 COMMUNICATIONS TEST MESSAGE
To transmit a communications test message:
1. From the COMMUNICATIONS tab, select TEST COMM.
If communications are functioning normally, a test data string is displayed. Figure F-26
illustrates an example:
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Figure F-26 Communications Test Message (example)
2. To exit the test function, click on OK or CANCEL.
F.7 Manufacturing Data
The MANUFACTURING tab (Figure F-27) contains flowmeter software and hardware
information used by the factory. This information is not configurable by the user.
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Figure F-27 Manufacturing Tab
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The following information is displayed on the MANUFACTURING tab:
!
Sales order number
!
The following hardware information:
!
-
Hardware version number
-
Serial number
-
Manufacturing date
-
Unit type
-
Number of channels
Flowmeter software version number
F.8 Master Erase Function
This section describes the procedure for performing a master erase of all user-entered
configuration data on the flowmeter.
IMPORTANT: The baud rate must be set at 19200 for the master erase function to operate.
To perform a master erase:
1. Exit from TimeGATE™ if it is currently running by selecting EXIT from the FILE
pull-down menu.
2. Turn off power to the flowmeter.
3. Run TimeGATE™.
The Connecting Screen is displayed (Figure F-28):
4. Turn on power to the flowmeter.
The Mini Bios Options Screen is displayed (Figure F-29):
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Figure F-29 Mini Bios Options Screen
5. Click on the MASTER ERASE button.
The Master Erase Confirmation Screen is displayed (Figure F-30):
Figure F-30 Master Erase Confirmation Screen
6. Type yes in the text box of the Master Erase Confirmation Screen and click on the OK
button.
TimeGATE™ connects with all configuration parameters reset.
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F.9 Upgrading the Flowmeter Software
The version number for the flowmeter’s software can be viewed in the Manufacturing Tab
(Section F.7). The flowmeter can be upgraded in the field by downloading new software
into its Flash memory. The software upgrade file is available on diskette from Peek
Measurement or by modem download from the Peek Measurement web site at
www.peekmeas.com.
IMPORTANT: The baud rate must be set at 19200 for the software upgrade function to
operate.
CAUTION:
If the flowmeter contains any data log files, these files may be deleted
during a software upgrade.
To upgrade the flowmeter:
1. Exit from TimeGATE™ if it is currently running by selecting EXIT from the FILE
pull-down menu.
2. Turn off power to the flowmeter.
3. Run TimeGATE™.
The Connecting Screen is displayed (Figure F-28).
4. Turn on power to the flowmeter.
The Mini Bios Options Screen is displayed (Figure F-29).
5. Click on the UPGRADE SOFTWARE button.
The Software Upgrade Screen is displayed:
Figure F-31 Software Upgrade Screen
6. Enter one of the following in the text box of the Software Upgrade Screen and click on
OK:
!
A:\1088.HEX (for upgrading a DCT1088)
!
A:\DCT.HEX (for upgrading a DCT6088 or DCT7088)
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NOTE: If the software upgrade file is in a location other than drive A, alter the
command accordingly. For example, if upgrading a DCT1088 and the diskette
is in drive B, enter B:\1088.HEX.
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The upgrade may take several minutes to complete. While the software is being
downloaded, the Download Status Screen is displayed (Figure F-32):
Figure F-32 Download Status Screen
The Mini Bios Options Screen is displayed again (Figure F-29).
7. Run the new software by clicking on the START PROGRAM button on the Mini Bios
Options Screen.
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DCT7088 Manual - Instruments Direct

Transcription

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