AIATHPONTA> THN VHOIAKH KAHPONOMIA: BAHMATA KAI
Transcription
AIATHPONTA> THN VHOIAKH KAHPONOMIA: BAHMATA KAI
IEPAEIMOE IIATAOIEOPTATOE naTAHMHTPHE IIAIIAAOIIOYAOE AIATHPONTA>THN VHOIAKH KAHPONOMIA: BAHMATA KAI IIPOKAH>ED TIA NOAITDTIKOT> KAI EPETNHTIKOT>OOPED MIKPH> KAIMAKA> yq6wa napan1pefuatpta 6teWelo&oiqoqg xat p€,raqoed,Eoe anoQqxeurmd p€oa (omuoi di\loftot axriyaE, \ioxot HM x.)'n.) t|g noLtttoptxrig tT4qogortu odrTyeiozq 6np6pEaoq e- ry4Ercxlg noLr.rtoaxfg xlqH rdol auri qeteEr raatd)(Qova egorq pd t rot xat npo p),qpat r Etbg 6ruoqalftoupe tq drcrfpqoq xat uov p6oor nou anortToriv .ttptiogaq> xat owe4rbE6urpw'4povopui; Ifuig PnoPorjPt q paxeonedqeopq Ierr @yaro9qx eattx 6t' p io@v; ra vta auti, e ava1eqotpolrot' p6oa, 6youv otiwopo <xt1 'o lotrig> an6 rayharg E9og4g,yexaqlotd, avayxata tqv 6naq[4 oqanlytxrjg 6tarfztnv fiaQouoiq,oqavr4 |EQLoLonpayrtxoreQeEafittleE TqE xl1govopniE xat avademviowaL p60o6otneprBd'Jowmn elfo- TIAYAOTEOPTATO> Telvotroliaq TprjpaIIo).rtroprxri< Ilaven rtlpro Aryaiou, IIAIIAAONOYAO> ADrintrop, TFlpa flolrtropl,xlq re xal En*otrorviaq, flaverrtril.r,lo [email protected]. Xou ,(at ot orearrfytxtE \nt(pqoqE xat 6mXeienqE r@r)Vqqtaxdtv u),mtbvp6oa an6 onTlpova napad ypata xaL arui tqv ttrutttqia 6nl4tiptoqg tou WELaxoi ull2toli oto Eqyaonj pn / ta'yeipnqg tqg lloltrtoprxrlE tou Tpfiparcg lld'tt toptxtig K.1'qgovoptdg, laE. Teyvo),oylagxat EnL2@tvor, A$lerE - Kledd: tp4Enxf x):rlpovoptd, dnriQqoq r@v 4)qqlax<it attoq4xeunxbtt p6o@v,ttolrttouxd xar eqntntmd dq{pata. 1. EDAIQIH: TO NPOBAHMA TID AIATHPIDID TOYWHOIAKOY YAIKOY IloLi'ri no?.r'norua xar, sqtuqfl,l'd loQl,tl.toro t€Q[tlrd)lgrplporor"orirv n1,6ov oe &co[oueE o€r,Eo?(e06vo'[oxilsl,ortx(t, - rlrlQla?io p€oo yd Trlv ,raQoYo)"nxat flry ofio0q1ieuoq tou neEelop€vou rou &cr1€rQ(lowot. H lrngronoiloq tcwdlqovc, Oecrlqelrcr'dvcg oqrcrd aEr6rl,oxogre6noE ratalqqqiE, re!.p!Qioolg r<'ar6rarlenolE ultxbv riul, dul.ov ototleiow tqg nol,r,nopun{gxlrpovoputtg, t6tuirepc 6tuv ourtr elvcl orovtcr, 6louv ufioor€i gooqa { uret}rouvrar,cr;reoc.H ncpcy-rty1 JrQox6xu'[ou!rTl9[o?iou fiol,trtoll,xou fieQleIop6vou xq|, To oloytoutusvo uLtxd tlou EQoririlTrfl F6oo rov &qbuxcouiv qnptonoir;o4g dlow oogetoer. pr.ovdo.<lrYlQroxTl*lTpovoplc" 1c r1v oroiu ctvon6geun,c ri0e, cr To 6ur4q10dpo r1g &atlprpqE. H "rir1pi"oxt1 all, oi\€g o!) (digitat preservation), tr€Qtlai'€i€t x€Xvtxdgxcn otparlytxtg nou rLEU€eo6ouE. elcrogc)'l(ouv q le[louQ^ytltornrq )iat o!Fgoloqrq xov r.ltnploxrbvono0qrcwuxriv p6oov, t1v cnepcrotlto xcu ol0evux6, rlto rrlv r{.rqqlcxtilvnoh"rr,ort*6v l}rlpogoputbv npoopcorl oe au6g, rcu 11 paxpo:rqoOeop1 o€ 6fior,apoegn, ntro oglel<ov r1ei6og eqcqpo16v elxl,eiovrctl:trqleic xeqdvou, pooeug xcn oooorutd otoqei,o, lerolgcr6e6op6vorv gtxcr 6e6op6vqxat lrqqKr&ol XoQl€E,l-|rlqt(tr<dEgtoro'yqogi,eEnal ontx6 ll,uxo, 6lc6pcorr"x6gepoqpo.16E,tEo0rdorareE cva:rcptrorooeug,epeuvrpuxo6e6op6vclol urlorlploexnoloetDrpooueuoeug, vlx6E1?.ettqovr,xdg xcl apleic rlro regueldpevo, nqooonlxo !).t?i6. oQy(rv@fl146 A1(oi'ouod^'rqE rov nqop?'lpcnopo lor.r {qOe oto :rgoonlvto orc p6oc qE bexceri,cg pelclurrlvptrou 1990 pe rr,Enporropou?'ieE p)'roorptrbv*or toqupa, rov nou bralelgilowa[ rlr!9ra}{,aqQxeic pe.|ii'ou olttou, ortrgopor 6le0veigoglcvtopol, no)'rrtorlxoi,ror qrobnpqi*oi goQsiE61ouv 0doeuro nq6p?n1pvr1r1g" po.r4E 6rctilp1o4g r4g "rp19tax1g r1E 0ucoqcr<ltrlgtol(lE ouvdleicg", rfl rrlE xov U€)*ory 64i'46r1rqg l'ttxoupYLxorrlrqE orov 1{.orrlE pcxQoop60eoprlgrqoopcotlg oxrEiri'lQoeoQi,€g,npordvowcg roq(t)'l'q?ua ttofioltg i1 0drowaE nll,oruxq o€ eqcrQpoYll nqrbreg}'r!oerg(National Library of Australia L998, 1999,2f,01.,Smithsonian Institution Archives 2001,AHDS 2001,Columbia University Libraries 2000,Digicult 2001).H rqv ovayxq pr,ag6teUnesco Ouo.ru:rooe ovoug etorpareicE $a rq 6uogr!i''al1 t1g crer.l,oupevlg<Vnqrox{E pvll"rrlE" (Unesco 2001,2003a,b).Or v6eglpoxLtloergxcu,or.a- oqg t1g noh1l,orlxrlE tt)',qpovoplcg,trrw nl'1QogoQtd)vxcL rou {tqqtqxoli !}'txoli. 2. TA IVHOIAKA AIOOHKEYTIKA MEIA: IIPOE MIA NEA O|IKH arATgpu>n> qg uLtxlg (p1 {49rox1g) roIr1 Olcrrlpr1oq fu,tr,otltqEx?'lqovoplcEounqoonooeuEenuxevrqciwowau or1 8lodlqrpq rrov [6tov rov qtrorxtilv uwuxeq6vtlv tcrurtrrv ll,lttitv, 6noE o rqi'oE, to 1cqri. { 10 upoopo. Evd Ic Ulglcrc o,roOrlrculttc p€oc eivol elcrpenxc coraOl xtn cncr?r.otiwuxcu q,urcqtro tropd'yoweg ui'uxr1Eq0opcE oe Pp<r1wqo0eopt11 peoonp60eopl xi',lpcxc, q 0r'c6rxcoic r1g rplqrcrxrlgbrcrfploqg nq6:rerenr.n)'6ovvo tq pdqupvar4c q ouppcr6or-rprnegr.i'cppcveu rlrc to! i'o1topr,xot,lnv a?i€QdLdqlqTOv n)'lqoqoprtilv xcu tl ?retrotrglurotrlrc ror.t ouv6i,ou ttlv egcppo'ydrvrou elurqdnouv tqv cr0evtut+1"avo:rdQo,oxoory ltot o11600o1 rou u:roorlleuPdvou u?,,lrou. Qg u).ttcrcvrxtipevc xo oroiq gaQouv l(qt qrlquondgellpcadg xqu <<ofioflJfi6oelE> treQt€xouf elxleiow ouyxexptlrevoln1gtqxo vo, ouoxl,1poi 8loxot (hard disks)?t0t1a offixa p6oo (CD-Rorn, DVD-Rom) onoretrQoiindoeol dfioQEIE )'orlv rq otor,1er.rb6q nm 6uc0eorp6rqtogrtov roLuruoruxdvnltlpopoputbvtar tmd*ewTdt o€ owtxtl"l.t€vtxo{E rcpoyoweE g0ogcE ttol alt6],etaE,6fio6 ol, urlrl?'dErqr€g qE oxerunqgulgaoiog xcr oeqpoxqcoicg (Pavlogeorgatos2003) { 6ucpopeg xcrcorqogdE (nupxcrl6g, ni'1ppt-tpeg) xcu qoopdg ro't' elon).topou (Ilcr-ri"o'1et,g1tiunooro' roE 2003).H paQtlva YtGrlv ui'unt1 peotov unortor,avc rorv o.no0lxeurtxtilv oq 'r1g tourloqg rou rprpucxtbv porcu elcut[cE neri,6gyr,arqv rqoorcoia run Or,oq$)'cl1 rqg VrlglolalE xlTpovoplaE 0ev elvol povo relvl)tct x4g guo4g. cl,i'c dlouv oQYdvt'trtlt€E Orootcoeug.Iuv8dovrcru61Lc6r1 xouvrrrvrxdg oToryeiov xat r0uoi,tsQoour6v xott 6[46[xrtou pe r1v cul"q, pq anrl rotg Outrorcorl.Ol ruqleg oneul,6gy,c tqv ui'lx1 uroorcoq rov pcrlr"rpr,rriw*0r ontutd)v ltdoov eivcl, ! lJl|)rl- pe ng levux6repegorpoulyux6g lttrr,enutrol6E 'r1gro?uutlotu.ulg xcrur1g 6lo1e[glno)'r,tr,x4g ?',q0eppoxqaola tcl 1 oleaxq u1qcoi.c, 11 oxovl xou rc ocopctiOuonou eivcubtrvcrov rEPA:IMO: n Ouolegcivow 11vc narnor4oow o6uvtrq r4v np6opaoq oro 6e6opdvo.To, rprplc- croorpeuu,xcpdooxououorqporonq€vc pqlorovrouxcuvc qt)loooov,rcroe pr €l€yxop€veg rqrdEoepX6QouE lao! oxrrrxnE uyQooicg. !e l6clt- nepfaLi'or..nxdEowOlpego xtxl.og ltonc rc pclwpr,xd p6oc unoLoyllerorcn6 d<oE 30 1p6vr.c,ev<by.a xurolouEtioxoug (CD-Rom) ro nqooOoxrpogrcveu ro 100IQdvLc. Xqtrlcvrurrleilcu 4 ncrngrlol orouleu6rgol.qnnn4g orpcq.&xrlE: €q€bQrx4utrov ouorlpcrov, o166r,oxal pl6- 1tq €fi€iyouosEltqraordoeug11xcro- (qoxuo,r)'1ppr1po, x?ronr1, 90opa elonl,lopod nor,rotv ouoxeudlv xqrd rn To rl€er$a]'i'ov oox6oo, ;.16ooolo ono(o €veQyorG rl,l|glolid p6oc - to oroio croonrivrcl cno ro Lelrolpylxo n),ciolo - 61er,0wcpuuo xor,ouvelrig pelcgcrxrlqa xau6e 0c nqiner, cvrlperorl(erol orcrrunc. Auoxo?,,q0a ta ul'lrC OlJTCvq 0ropOVCroodv NA} OTEOPTATO: TAAHMHTPH: NANAAONOIAO: onoiq Eevofioxl"eie[ qv u]"unr1 unoorcol a],l"c xou 6ev elaw)"eircu o' aurrlv, d^yxelror, q lbtortrporqrcl ttov pleLor6v qnoerlrreuarrdv cvoEaF€[email protected] o.voyxqrorqrc an<i6oor1E vayvdlor,pouano 'rolg unol,oluor6grrf6lrc 6ev neqlogl[erul, qpolrn olor]'euoruxcl oe €vo povc6un61r4qtcx6 pdoo, npoi}no0€rsuootooo tqv {nogfil ldfiotou qfioelx,rlrlx,o1i! tu€oo!. TolroxQovq, rq q49taxo pdoq qr!orrl'ouv ?ior €Qprlvrdoupo,ewolo),"o^yr,xo owuxeiprvc xc0rirggdpouv volUq xqrqvonro ano rouEcvOprinoug.H L6tor4rccur4 npoo0loq[ferar, crno q 0lvarotrlrc enovd]'41qg kal ovdfidQoyrllytErou lorlpcrog nou npoo?',appcver. o 1g4or1g p6oo r1g cnoxtoouxoroinol<. H 8r.arrlgqoqr1E eworoi'o1.x1g crepau6r4raE rov rplq,arcbv pdorrrvnqotino06rei orr, pe 14 pcrxgorlpoOeoplencvcl'qrpq 11g 1gr]o1Eol"yxerpr.pdvouelon?'uoporlrrn ep00 reoxur[x€[ n rltlq,alcl.riorv ?,,oyr,opr,xori, xrl <crvanCqOOtcOq"tou u)'r,XOU On<og1 ep€voE €r€Eeelcopdvou xeup6vou, eovroTl 1 evegyonoi.4ol evogcpryeiouqnpucxou 11or-r,4 1 exxiv4ol pr.crgOla6eoonnrlg sgaQpoy1E.O dvcv ncprpcl.l.ovruxari.e11dpevo,oorr- XqeqxrlQr,oLrog€rionE rorJ rl.nq,qr,ot !i!rxo{ X6eo. ago! o€ oelrerdgnegunrcboer,E <ogtplpcroE 1 rexp4q(ol rqE nol,uruorlxrlg opyo.vr,x<i rprlpcro rtrrv eqyoLeinl.lgovog.rdg ev61euenln)'€ov ro cluol'orluno xql rou rcIvoTroTrrod elon].uoporl oe ivo xer,rrlQr,orrlE ollp(twrxorrlroE. 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H t[oQolloid tfiogrroprt pdvogevogxewpuxoribrapeooi'cp4rr1 va Lruroogltloru0errtc oe xtlorotegrepumci,o).),cr oeuEnapdlovrag o1up6vo e1'yurloeug lcaurql xorc)',),r1l,qr-rnoorlgtlq ulg npog ttlv relvo'yvuroicxot r4v uno6opl. H xevrplxorrltc p6pcr,orou OuapeoolcBryl 6e 0o npiT neuvc laroqyei, rqv cr-rtovopicr ot nolrrttorlrou gop6a nor br,crlelpiletcunollrlotxo uh.x6 o€ lrler.o?iTlttoQgt. H oroxsiQtonVlQtuxou nepuelop6vou :rou €1erncpol0ei o116oulxexgq€volg 64puorpl,ougxar,lorogdlel oulxeitqqdvoug 6t- rEPA:IMo: [zq[otxoug olp(rlvsr o1r nqoe no?llruotutto grLolrvei vc u)"uxo npenet nou reroro fuqrcr dleu pio xooopr,opdvq<noi*runr1>cugrpog Trlv r[Qooloorc ?1or1€xplQr(l)oTlxo]v Jlv€uli(lrz6v OrxclorpoT ov, H ouvepycroi,cr Bdpoua g€ qltror-rEgoQ€iExor.iot4 pe rcwgux6E Dr.or,trnqpeoleg,oe oeprntrboerg nou ro i,z.rpr"x6E 69uga bev el,e11rucnoi"uro.rc &xcrtirpo.rc tou uLrxourou - xu grc rdrotc neqinrtoorl eival ro ul,lxo wou OTlLlooltlitxoloro 6to6i- €wqt olr(IQ(IrXITrl. )(11JO iDopelg6:rtog exrcuOer,"rurcuipupoto, eqeu,rprc n6vrpc, pouoeiaf pr.p7'r.o04xeg 6vq to fuxciopc xor, TTlv ufioxedool Xouv opioouv To fiooooro xo! r|)lgLoliot ul,lxou ro oloio 0q eivcub]c0tor[o yLaro xotvd xor vo 0doorv rG 6rxq IolE <giiuTQo>oE t[QoE r4v npoopqol xor,11 1qr1o1rrrw nl,qpogopulv. H no)'Wunrlqg rqooBooqg ouE n7!1qogopleg 0c npinel vc xo0oQl!,sroL o€ owqQrov euQurEQo oxsr1o1 pe rugenulro'yiE 14or, Otcopo ya q 6rrr4e1o! ro! lUleroto! tt7'rzon (Drenth 1998). To !4r4ro rqE oucrrlQrplg rrlE lrqprofiorn[€vnE rl 4rnqrqxngno]'r,flopLx1gx]'.1qovoytrig 6ev repropi[eror orc n].ciotcrevogernorq;rounori rl snoyys)'Forrxot rre6iouontoE eivar,q enuor41r1r1g rtr4poqoqur(g, q on'rr|g4oq q q cpXnovopio.Awi0era. curcLreir4v urrdQpool or€vdv €moxrlpovr,x6voeol.oytdv )rdr"nQtrr,ff{6v ror rlv qp€o1 ot vseydoio psrclu Olcgoperlx6v ernox1porttdv fiGQq6oo€urvxcr nQoxr)tolv.H &aQxrlEE\.ngf8olorl. tlQoooQpoyt)iaLr(IrcgT[oq orc 06porc r4g lnqra}iI 0lorl]Qnollg 0a ng6nerva tofleu y.c o),ouEroug epni'erotrl€volEo' €vdv rloLiflollzo oqlavlopo, rilore vc olmnore[tct to ouvo),o xou 0v0e6rnvou owcprxot. To putpn xau peocdofioluxroxLxdtbeliprorcr;r.roqotrvvc encopeLqOotlv cr6 rq 61ploup^yicOlxrtrov ouveptTcolog6ntog 61elcno6ei!er,r,6lc(reqc q e!Qolloikrl ep:reupic.O &ril,o1ogncr q cnxorvtrrvicoXerxc pe xotvc npop),r1pororou rugnloavdErolE ?',tloelg, 4 nA TAOTEOFTATO: za. AHM HTPH: nAnAAOnOI AO: cvrcl"Ioyrl relvol,vtooicrg, peOo0ovxo ngcxxrrdlv, I oro xor,vouavonru!11 ole6iorv ngootcrolcrgxcu otporlyrnritv .4c q 0ror4erlol To1)l}qqloxot ll,uxo! xcu ol npooncr06!0€[rE./ro.r1v rtaroQrrol lsvr?ceupdvov yulv rcl rulorux6v pe066rrwnou Bcoilowct orq oulloluxrl eprelqicreivcuorouleio nou [noQotv vo a[oi'ivouv xcoopronnc TtgonotegcrveldpnercE.H i6rc 4 xaravoprl rulv nlqpogopurbvxnl q 8rlploupyio xor,vtbvcrgt€ €ps6elx,oouortpcrc leiolv xol orJ),1',oyrirv xal evcrl)'cxtuxouErq6noug cnoorlxelo1g, crro rov oei,vcrpia pd0o0ogocnog6Qxuor6> Ilv euouvTlorcrrlQlloTlE xou lrnglolXO 14Or, xo1j l,llltod. Kcnoleg evdp"yeueg xol 0r,c6lnao[eg1lo rqv rplpr,cxrl6r,or1q4o16ev 61ow onogcit4ro up4i'o xooroE.flpoxcrptlvouyc napdtOerypcvc el,6yletcr 1 0eppoxpcoioxar.1 ulQsoio os dvov xl€roro lrilpo 6JIol pgloxovrcl q4qrcx<i croOqxrurr"xo.pdoc ro povo nou qrctrelral eivqr ivo< 0sQpoijbpoyeqpoE >e xaos tr€Qixu To cvrlotor,lo )'oYr,oprlio. nroro4 rpdnet vd uroLoyi!€Tatxqr ro r4ooroE xIE dJ[6laaE rov {trlg|,axdv ofitx€qrdvtov rar d'4goqoqtdv ro oroio ouxvd €ivqt xcr<i no).i geyci'uteQoCltloTo otrotoxooToE brcrqp4olg. !e apr<rrdSrsQLrr6o€tEEriotlE. 1 1g1o1 cvoryrou, "ei"ei-r0egou l',o1topuxot, cnore).eigta cvf[o64 xtrucgxerdlcftortorq i',uo1(Cooper xcu Garcia-Molina 2002,PapadopoulosxnuMavrikas 2004). Tcr nol,lflo, unqxouepew4tlxc lbpuporc r6)'og, ogeilolv oX|"p6vo vc atololootiv nol.ltlx6g,oro0epdExcl obTyi€Erou 0uapoegrbvowol crr6 xewguuotiggopei,g1 6uopeooLoprlrdg(rov onoiorv1 nc.qouoicreivcr B6$cuc ancpoirlrl), oLLtr vG ouppc?uowttot 'Op 6qlc0r1 vc eptpot1 &cpopqroo{ ror-rg. polow ortrdg telvrrcdgxar,pe066oug1,rct4v cll,o xouvo rexp4qrrir$IgLoxi bLor1Q4orl, vouv rI oxorlUorltc ruv;rt0o6urvcuttiv. vo elqyouv nE 6lo0rxooieEnou cxotrouOouv xcuvc 0lo16ow rqv cnonq0eioa teXvolvto- .t.t; 0eoqi,ao1eoio..No rlqeqyow, s?ropdvolE, rrn<irper4v qrlpraxq rohtorrx4 xi'4povo[ttl xcr rq 6rar4q4o4r4E (rL 0€trlQotgeVnqqrlrl xl,qgovopr,a,tl xol yuc rorov eivcl cllo va 01p6ouoEi'oyoE xttu 1 6rcrrlpq0ei). O 6ue0vrlE ge.ycLl enuor4povrx4prpl'tolpcAic oleruxc pe ro (lrlpcra ctrra elcLl'ou, cno8eltv{ei 6rr,6ev undplouv nc'yxooplegncpaOoldg, 6e6opdvor,oguopoi1 levrxeup6veE)'r!oelg. BIBAIOfPAOIA . Abid, A. and Radoykov, B. (2002),."Accessand preservationin the inJormationsociety",Mr.Jelm Intemational, 5413. o Abid, A. (2002).The World Summit on the Information Societyand Preseflation of Digital Heri!age.rei.sulqiq€nio{rqtrlons 01/l l/04. http://wMv.ifl a.org/Iv/ifl a68/papers/150-85be.pdf . Ars and Humanities Data Seflice (AHDS, United Kingdom) (2001).How to DeposirDiSital Data,\e^r troio.$iax:l.!tl oaLS0ll11l0/: http://www.ahds.ac-uudephow.htm r Besser,H. (2001).Longentyof ElectronicArt, aE' L€vlaiq €Jdox€14onE 01/11/04: http://www.gseis.ucla.edu/ howard/Papen/electat-longevity.html .Cheney,J. LagozeC. andBotticelli,P. (2001). "Towards a theory of information preservation", in P.Constantopoulosand I.T. Solvbeq, (Eds): ECDL Berlin,p.3402001,LNCS 2163,Springer-Verlag, 351. . Columbia Unive$ity Libraries (2000).Colunb,a Unive$il! Libratbs Policyfot heservationof DiSital :'€lJi.'xoiaed.ox€qqonE 01/11/04: Resources, http://ww.columbia.edu/cunweb/img/assets/4776l dlpolicy.pdf . 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