- Graphisoft

Transcription

- Graphisoft

________________________________________________________________________
- White Paper Structural design with ArchiCAD, and its integration with
structural software
- Great buildings need great structure -
The Role of Structure in Architectural Design
A building’s architectural design and its physical structure are closely interrelated: on the one
hand, the architectural design of the building defines the structure; on the other hand, the
structural design of a building reflects the overall architectural design.
As structure became a visual and aesthetic part of the design in modern architecture, structures
must be as light as possible while maintaining complete integrity. Also, the structure must be
optimized for performance and price.
ArchiCAD® is Graphisoft's purpose-built virtual modeling solution that allows architects to create a
3D model of their design, effectively creating a Virtual Building™. This White Paper details how
ArchiCAD (AC) supports key aspects of structural design and the optimized workflow between the
two disciplines. Architectural and structural design use the same Virtual Building model from the
earliest sketches through to CNC machine production of building elements, using the appropriate
software solution for every phase.
Standards for structural design
The standards set by authorities and developed over the course of decades are traditionally
different for every material (RC, Steel, Wood etc.) in every country or region (e.g. DIN in Germany
and Central Europe; BS in the UK; AISC in US). Lately, there has been a trend to unify these into
a common standard - at least across regional economies, like the EU’s Eurocode.
Structural analysis and production
ArchiCAD provides sophisticated design information along with the necessary level of model
detail. This information can be directly imported and exported in the native format of the structural
software or through IFC and used for structural analysis by specialized software.
These import/export add-ons fully integrate structural design and analysis simulation programs
that dramatically improve the simulation of whole-building approaches in design, planning,
production and construction. This opens new doors for cost savings and structural optimization
and performance.
Using ArchiCAD with these tools provides great benefits to both architects and structural
engineers. Because the structural analysis tool can directly access ArchiCAD Virtual Building
models, feedback on the structural design of the building can be obtained at any time during the
design process. And ongoing changes to the design do not result in laborious (and duplicated)
reworking in both separate applications - manually adjusting the geometry of the building to keep
up with the alterations - because the essence of a 3D model means that all data is up-to-date and
immediately usable.
1031 Budapest, Hungary
www.graphisoft.com
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An example of the seamless workflow:
1. The architect creates a simple, model of the envisioned structure. In creating this model,
the architect chooses the spans and the profile (H, L etc.) from ArchiCAD’s Library of
profiles or uses the slab, beam, column or wall tool to place all the load-bearing
structures.
This is how it will look like in ArchiCAD:
2. He exports this simple model directly into the chosen structural design application.
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3. In the structural design application, the structural engineer designs the connections,
analyzes the model and chooses the right profile sizes.
4. The structural engineer exports this detailed model back into AC without bolts or screws,
but with the connecting plates.
This is how it will look when imported back into ArchiCAD:
5. The architect can continue adding walls, windows and doors to this structure, because
this representation is detailed enough for the architectural documentation drawings of the
building.
6. The structural elements can be sent to production machines if there is a CNC output from
the structural application.
In the following pages, we outline the main features and benefits of the structural software tools
mentioned above, and we'll give you a brief introduction to how they can be used together with
ArchiCAD at a professional level.
www.graphisoft.com
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Partner products
Tekla Structures 12
Tekla Structures (former XSteel) by Tekla Corporation, Finland, is software for steel
and reinforced concrete structural design, stress analysis and production. In Tekla
Structures, the structure can be designed in 3D down to the last screw bolt and
reinforcement, checked for collisions and sent as CAM files for production. The
structural engineer can do stress analysis in a software called Staad-Pro, which is a
separate module integrated into Tekla Structures.
3D Steel model in Tekla Structures
There is a bidirectional IFC link between ArchiCAD and Tekla Structures for steel
models and concrete structures. This allows you to export a basic 3D model
geometry to Tekla Structures, design the structure
including the necessary connections with the structural
engineer, do the stress analysis using Staad-Pro,
check the collisions, then send the complete model
back to ArchiCAD without the screws and bolts (thus
minimizing the file size). The file exchange occurs
through IFC 2x2 or 2x3 files. The process start with a
simple 3D conceptual model exported from
Steel detail in Tekla Structures
11.0
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ArchiCAD, and end up with a detailed 3D model imported back to ArchiCAD. In this
detailed model, all the joining profiles in this detailed model will be cut correctly in
their respective angles together with the contour plates.
Detailed steel model back in ArchiCAD
After finalizing the design of the building, the 3D steel model can be sent directly
from Tekla Structures as CNC data to cutting machines for production.
Cutting steel from CNC data
- For more details, see the Appendix -
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ETABS v9
ETABS is software for steel and reinforced concrete structural design, stress analysis and
production drawings. ETABS is highly specialized in seismic analysis too. There is an importexport link between ArchiCAD and ETABS via IFC 2x2 for steel and reinforced concrete models.
This allows you to export basic 3D model geometry to ETABS, do the necessary structural
analysis with a structural engineer, and send the complete model back to ArchiCAD indicating
any necessary changes.
3D steel model in ETABS
The file exchange is through an IFC 2x2 file and the API uses the standard AC11 steel profile
library elements as well as the slab, column, beam and wall tools for load-bearing elements.
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Same 3D model in ArchiCAD
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SAP2000 v10
SAP2000 is a software product for steel and reinforced concrete structural design, stress analysis
and production drawings specialized for the design of large structures such as bridges. Currently
there is an import-export link between ArchiCAD and SAP2000 via IFC 2x2. This allows you to
import the 3D bridge model geometry into AC11 from SAP2000, and insert it into the architectural
or urban environment.
3D bridge model in SAP2000 v10
3D bridge model in ArchiCAD through IFC 2x2 from SAP2000 v10
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CBS Pro 20.0
CBS Pro is an easy-to–use, yet powerful software tool for modeling multi-story structures in
concrete and other materials. Using the “object-oriented” approach, CBS Pro allows the user to
very quickly build up a structural model using “components” such as beams, columns, walls,
floors and openings. In this way, structures of almost any geometry can be defined quickly and
easily. CBS Pro has an intelligent bi-directional import-export connection with ArchiCAD 11, via
IFC 2x2, allowing changes to be applied to the structural (load-bearing) parts of the model while
leaving the others intact. The imported model can be optimized as a structural model, on which
you can perform stress analysis. Further structural parts can be added, such as foundations, and
these are marked as new structures when imported back to ArchiCAD 11.
3D Foundations of a model designed in CBS Pro imported and highlighted in green in ArchiCAD, through IFC 2x2.
Architect: paastudio, California – NHS Building.
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FEM Design 7.0
FEM-Design 7.0 is structural design software based on the Finite Element Method. It gives
solutions for static, dynamic (eigenfrequencies, stability and seismic) analysis, steel and
reinforcement design of 2D and 3D structural problems (slabs, walls, frames, 3D buildings, etc.).
The program offers a reinforcement editor module too.
FEM-Design has integrated drawing and editing tools, but besides them it has excellent data
connection with ArchiCAD (6.5 and higher versions). The program can import 3D structural
models and elements (slabs, beams, columns and walls) defined by ArchiCAD. Therefore, with
FEM-Design you can run complete analysis and design calculations for architectural models
created in ArchiCAD. After importing the model, you can add material and design parameters,
loads and load combinations, and start the calculations. The structural engineer can analyze
complete buildings in 3D Structure module or slabs by stories in Plate module and by 12 national
codes. Several types of supports and loads can be applied. After analysis and design calculations,
the engineer can make documentations (figures and tables) with numeric values (e.g. maximum
displacement for the maximum of load combinations), texts and dimensions.
3D model of slab with deflections
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Top view of slab with moment distribution
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AxisVM 8
AxisVM has been successfully used as the structural analysis and design software for many
ArchiCAD-designed projects. AxisVM is a highly productivity finite element analysis software used
by civil engineers in 22 countries. Due to its extensive analysis capabilities and robust graphic
CAD user interface, the 3D structural building model combines the most complete visual and
report details available. AxisVM has proved successful in the design of projects ranging from
world-class international airports to design of steel microwave towers; from mega-shopping malls
to school gymnasiums; from showrooms and theaters to municipal water tanks, and even
underground structures.
It performs linear and non-linear static, vibration, buckling and seismic analysis of 2D and 3D
complex structures. Enables use of an unlimited number of finite elements that can freely be
combined in a model. Users can import-export ArchiCAD models via IFC 2x2. Engineers can edit
the model using the simple toolbar, dialog boxes and menu functions and commands available in
the Visual Modeling environment. The AxisVM's user interface provides graphic, numerical and
tabular results which can be saved, printed or combined into user-defined reports, which are
dynamically saved as the engineer makes changes.
AxisVM allows the engineer to model an entire structure or to separately model layers or floors, or
components such as walls, plates, slabs, columns or beams with any combination of concrete,
steel, wood, aluminum or user defined special materials. Users can work in a 2D or 3D
environment, working on separate parts or the total building as they may need.
The engineer can quickly make verification of designs, review optimization possibilities or pose
complex ‘”What-if…?” questions.
Model import from ArchiCAD to AxisVM via the IFC 2x2
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Model export from AxisVM to ArchiCAD via the IFC 2x2
Show cases
Concert hall
Hotel
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Office building
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Appendix
Tekla Structures 12
Value proposition
The strength of Tekla Structures is its seamless workflow, from the design through to
stress analysis and collision detection right up to the CNC cutting machines which
use the same 3D geometry as ArchiCAD. Therefore the value propositions are:
•
•
•
•
Complete steel detailing in 3D, with contour plates, bolts and screws using
pre- or user-defined steel details.
Collision detection for the whole model before finalizing the detailing.
Analysis in Staad-Pro.
The complete, automatic production of the steel profiles through CNC data for
cutting machines - avoiding human error.
Main features
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•
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Powerful modeling including all materials
Steel detailing of connections
Collision detection
Engineering and Production drawings
CNC output to cutting machines
www.tekla.com/user_nf/default.asp?root_id=3611&ala_id=13854&apu=0&mode=readdoc&r=13854&site=1
ArchiCAD compatibility:
•
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ArchiCAD 11
IFC 2x2 and 2x3 export/import
Download the manual from:
www.graphisoft.com/support/ArchiCAD/downloads/AC-TS
PC and MacOS platform
Target market
Companies that perform steel detailing, design and manufacturing, as well as
architectural firms who would like to exchange 3D data with these firms.
Relevant countries
Worldwide
Contact
Company: TEKLA
Address: Metsänpojankuja 1, 02130 Espoo,
FINLAND
Website: www.tekla.com
www.graphisoft.com
________________________________________________________________________
ETABS v9
Value proposition
The strong point of ETABS is its intelligent model handling, from the design stage through stress
analysis and detailing, using the same 3D geometry as ArchiCAD. Therefore the value
propositions are:
•
•
•
The support of US, Canadian and EURO Standards in stress analysis from the early
design phase to control the stress performance of the building.
Dynamic, linear and non-linear analysis options – also specialized for earthquakes.
Animated display of deformed shapes, mode shapes, stress contours and time-history
results.
Main features
•
•
•
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Stress analysis
All kinds of seismic analysis
Fully interactive steel and concrete frame member design for many American, Canadian
and European design codes
Production drawings
http://www.csiberkeley.com/ETABS_features/General.htm
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•
•
•
ArchiCAD 11
IFC 2x2 import/export
Download the manual: www.graphisoft.com/support/ArchiCAD/downloads/AC-ETABS
MacOS and PC platforms
Target market
Firms (of any size) doing structural analysis and construction documentation of reinforced
concrete, especially calculations in earthquake zones.
Relevant countries
Worldwide
Contact
Company: CSi
Address 1995 University Ave. suite 540, Berkeley, CA, 94704
USA
Tel: +1 510 845 2177
Fax: +1 510 845 4096
Website: www.csiberkeley.com
www.graphisoft.com
________________________________________________________________________
SAP2000 v10
Value proposition
The strong point of SAP2000 is its intelligent model handling of large structures, from the design
stage through stress analysis and detailing, using the same 3D geometry as ArchiCAD. Therefore
the value propositions are:
•
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•
Design of large cable structures, such as bridges, from templates.
Deformation cable-supported bridge analysis and pushover analysis.
Automated bridge live-load analysis.
Main features
•
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Stress analysis
Object-based physical member modeling allows working with large members that do not
need to be broken up at each joint
Animated display of deformed shapes, mode shapes, stress contours and time history
results
http://www.csiberkeley.com/SAP2000_features/First_Topic.htm
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ArchiCAD 11
Download the manual from: www.graphisoft.com/support/ArchiCAD/downloads/AC-SAP2000
MacOS and PC platform
Target market
Firms which perform structural analysis and construction documentation for large cable structures,
such as bridges
Relevant countries
Worldwide
Contact
Company: CSi
Address 1995 University Ave. suite 540, Berkeley, CA, 94704
USA
Tel: +1 510 845 2177
Fax: +1 510 845 4096
Website: www.csiberkeley.com
www.graphisoft.com
________________________________________________________________________
CBS Pro v20
Value proposition
The strong point of CBS Pro is its ability to build up a structural model using “components” such
as beams, columns, walls, floors and openings - similar to the AC tools - and its integration with
other software developed by the same group. Therefore the value propositions are:
•
•
•
Easy to learn UI for the design and analysis of reinforced concrete structures.
Integration with RCAD (reinforcement), Robot Millennium (dynamics) and ESOP (cost
estimation).
Using full-finite elements, analysis is completed “invisibly” inside CBS Pro.
Main features
•
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•
•
structural modeling
producing detailed reinforced concrete drawings of beams, columns, foundations
carrying out dynamic and seismic calculations
producing Bills of Quantities
http://www.robobat.com/n/en/267
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ArchiCAD 11
Download the manual: www.graphisoft.com/support/ArchiCAD/downloads/AC-CBSPro
Target market
Firms (of any size), which perform design and quantity takeoffs for all types of structures.
Relevant countries
Worldwide
Contact
Company: RoboBAT
Address 2, rue Lavoisier, Zirst de Montbonnot, 38334 - St Ismier Cedex
France
Tel: +33 4 76 41 80 82
Fax: +33 4 76 41 97 03
Website: www.robobat.com
www.graphisoft.com
________________________________________________________________________
FEM Design 7.0
Value proposition
The strongest point of FEM Design is its user friendly working environment to design structures
(e.g. stress and stability analysis, reinforcement and steel design, etc.) using the same 3D model
geometry as ArchiCAD. Therefore the value propositions are:
•
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•
Besides its integrated CAD tools, FEM Design filters the 3D ArchiCAD database and
helps you select the appropriate “real-life” structural building model from the early design
phase to control the stress performance, displacement and other static and dynamic
characters of the building.
An enhanced graphical feedback of analysis and design results show the behavior of the
structure for given loads and effects.
The finite element (FE) method used for stress analysis is one of the smartest and fastest
methods in the world.
Target market
Firms (of any size) doing structural analysis and construction documentation of reinforced
concrete and steel.
Main features
•
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•
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Simple processing of most applications
Integrated CAD tools for drawing and editing, and Wizard for quick and easy model input
Data connection via FDX (ArchiCAD) or DXF, DWG links
Static and dynamic analysis of 2D and 3D structural problems
Reinforcement and steel design, reinforcement editor also available
Professional FE method of automatic optimal mesh generation for any geometry
Several types of loads and supports, manual or automatic load combinations by codes
Results presented graphically, as lists or by animation
Open GL for fast and powerful graphical presentation of input geometry and results
http://www.fem-design.com
ArchiCAD compatibility
•
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Direct ArchiCAD (6.5 or higher version) export to FEM Design (only on PC platform)
Download the manual from: www.graphisoft.com/support/ArchiCAD/downloads/AC-FEMDesign
Relevant countries
Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, England, Portugal, Estonia and Italy
Contact
Company: StruSoft AB
Address: Övägen 1, SE-200 61, Limhamn
Sweden
Tel: +46 40 36 16 60
Fax: +46 40 36 16 65
Website: www.strusoft.com
www.graphisoft.com
________________________________________________________________________
AxisVM 8
Value proposition
The major strength of AxisVM is its intuitive user interface that lets structural and civil engineers
model simple structural elements or total buildings with any combination of materials, loads, and
conditions. The value propositions are:
•
•
•
Easy to learn and use graphical user interface
Fast and accurate finite element method
Long history of analysis of ArchiCAD designed projects
Main features
•
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Visual Modeling with unlimited number of finite elements
Extensive section and material libraries, and the ability for users to input new type of
materials or cross-sections
Performs linear and non-linear static, vibration, buckling, and seismic analysis
Automatic meshing, meshing refinements and user-defined meshing
Unlimited load definitions, load cases and combinations
Reinforced concrete and steel design
Built in standards: Eurocode, DIN, SIA and other country codes
Integrated Report Generator with dynamically updated results
File export to IFC, DXF, DSTV, RTF, ASCII, WMF, JPG
http://www.axisvm.com/info.htm
•
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ArchiCAD 11
IFC 2x2 import-export
Download the manual: www.graphisoft.com/support/ArchiCAD/downloads/AC-AxisVM
Target market
Six configurations of the software are available, covering even the most specific needs of small to
large firms.
Relevant countries
AxisVM is used by engineers in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Netherlands, Hungary,
Romania, Yugoslavia, Greece, Sudan, Egypt, Spain, Finland, UK, Brazil, Uruguay, Belgium,
Latvia, Croatia, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Kenya
Contact: [email protected] (Greg Hoback)
Company: Inter-CAD Kft.
Address: Károly krt. 9/606, Budapest, H-1075
Hungary
Tel: +36 1.322.9072
Fax: +36 1.322.6668
Website: www.axisvm.com
www.graphisoft.com

- Graphisoft

Transcription

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