Gas Springs and Dampers

Gas Springs and Dampers
for applications in automotive engineering
... technology gives comfort
S TA B I L U S – A c o m p a n y w i t h a n i n n o v a t i v e t r a d i t i o n
Pioneer Performance
Product characteristics, advantages, uses
through the oil-filled par t of the
d e s c r ib e s t h e g as sp r in g p r o g r e s sio n
pressure tube. As soon as it is
I n 19 6 2 , S TA B I L U S p r e s e n t e d t h e
force over the stroke, i.e. f rom the
immersed in the oil the piston rod
w o r l d ’s f i r s t g a s s p r i n g m a n u f a c -
extended to the compressed state
moves at a considerably lower
tured in series production to the
and vice versa.
speed.
s w i v e l c h a i r i n d u s t r y ; i n 19 6 5 , t h e
Unlike mechanic al springs, gas
f i r s t l o c k a b l e g a s s p r i n g . To d a t e ,
springs have an extremely flat,
more than 2.0 billion gas springs
almost linear characteristic cur ve
Seal and
guide element
have been produced, giving
an annual production of more than
Pressure
tube
Gas springs and dampers
for applications in vehicle
engineering
Hig hest Q u alit y
and therefore allow a uniform
c o m f o r t a b l e a d ju s t m e n t o r p i vo t i n g
Operating principle
movement. The spring rate, X,
A s t h e lea d in g g as sp r in g su p plie r
Operating principle of a
gas spring
standard gas springs. Other values
can be defined on request and
Compact design, high level of
s y s te m f ulf ils w it h ou t q u e s t io n t h e
multiple industrial applications.
operating convenience and safet y
hig h q ualit y r e q uir e m e nt s of inte r-
The gas spring is a hydropneu-
according to the application.
Occupational health practitioners
in use continue to expand the
nat io nal s t an d ar d s , suc h as D I N EN
m a t i c a d j u s t i n g e l e m e n t , c o n si s t i n g
To g e t h e r w i t h t h e d i m e n s i o n s , t h e
and swivel chair manufacturers
f i e l d o f a p p l i c a t i o n s f o r S TA B I L U S
I S O 9 0 01-20 0 0 , as well as t h e n ew
of a pressure tube, a piston rod
F1 force is the major descriptive
a p p r o p r i a t e l y c o n s i d e r S TA B I L U S
products.
wo r ld s t an d ar d I S O / T S 169 49 -20 02
with piston and appropriate con-
feature for the choice of a gas
a pioneer in the development and
e.g. Motor vehicles and
w it h t h e r e g ulato r y r e q uir e m e nt s of
nection fittings. It is filled with
spring and it is therefore specified
manufacture of gas springs for
superstructures …
Q S 9 0 0 0 , V DA 6 .1, E AQ F, an d AV S Q.
compressed nitrogen, which acts
in all STABILUS brochures. It defines
ergonomic seating in the swivel
Gas springs and dampers facilitate
with equal pressure on differently
the value of the spring force and
chair area. The gas spring makes it
the opening and adjustment of
dimensioned cross-sectional areas
is measured 5mm before the end of
possible to adjust height, seat and
hoods, hatches and covers.
of the piston. This produces a
the extension movement.
backrest tilt of the swivel chair
e.g. Agricultural vehicles …
S TA B I LUS place s u t m o s t im p o r t ance
force in the extension direction.
The difference between the force
q u i c k l y a n d e a s i l y.
They dampen unpleasant shocks in
in ac hiev in g e nv ir o nm e nt all y f r ie n d -
This extension force can be exactly
lines for the compression and
t h e d r i v e r ‘s s e a t c a u s e d b y u n e v e n
l y p r o d uc t io n m e t h o d s . I t s succe s s
defined within physical limits
extension direction, FR, is the
land resulting in comfortable, re-
in t his ar ea is d o cum e nte d by t h e
through the appropriate selection
result of friction effects.
of the filling pressure.
C are for t he e nv iro n m e nt
laxed and ergonomic seating.
ce r t if ic at io n of it s e nv ir o nm e nt al
With a global sales and service
e.g. Buses …
mana g e m e nt s y s te m in co nf o r mit y
n e t w o r k a n d 10 p r o d u c t i o n s i t e s i n
They allow seats to be adjusted
w it h D I N EN I S O 14 0 01.
Europe, USA , Mexico, Brazil, New
to the passengers‘ bodies, so that
Zealand, Australia and Korea
even long journeys become a posi-
S TA B I L U S s u p p l i e s a n d s u p p o r t s
tive experience.
more than 2,400 customers world-
e.g. Railway vehicles …
wide.
Here, too, blocking gas springs in
Ser v ice a nd tec h nic al
ap plic atio n su p por t
Spring characteristic cur ve
a n d F1 f o r c e
S TA B I LUS p r ov id e s e x te nsi ve te c hni -
stepless adjustable seats ensure
c al, d e sig n an d ins t allat io n su p p o r t
ergonomic seating.
in sp e cif ic a p plic at io ns as a mat te r
Having been successfully adopted
Cu sto m er s atis fac tio n
Com
pres
sion
Pneumatic
range
Hydraulic
range
Oil
Hydraulic damping
Dynamic damping
Force [F]
For all business sectors
F4
F3
Extending speed and
damping
Here the bore in the piston is
replaced with a longitudinal groove
in the wall of the pressure tube
A significant advantage of gas
which ser ves as a bypass. Its
springs over mechanical springs is
geometr y and the length determine
the definable speedcur ve, which
the damping cur ve. This technique
allows for a damped and comfor t-
allows position- independent damping
able adjusting movement.
of the gas springs.
Tw o t y p e s o f d a m p i n g c a n b e
of cour s e. T h e e x te nsi ve k n ow -
Exte
h ow of our a p plic at io n co nsult ant s
nsio
distin-guished :
n
F2
Hydraulic damping
an d te c hnicians cou ple d w it h our
and incorporated in the automo-
Stroke
l i e s b e t w e e n 1. 2 a n d 1. 4 w i t h
today the world market leader for
Globally Active
Pneumatic
range
r e p r e s e n t i n g t h e f o r c e r a t i o F 2 / F1,
wo r ld w id e, our q ualit y mana g e m e nt
10 0 m i l l i o n u n i t s , S TA B I L U S i s
Hydraulic
range
F1
The extending speed is determined
tive and furniture industries for
Custo m e r s e r v ice an d cus to m e r
hig hl y e f f icie nt ins t allat io n p r o p o s al
s e v e r a l d e c a d e s , S TA B I L U S g a s
s atisfac t io n ar e key o bje c t i ve s f o r
p r o g ramm e s an d p rac t ic al ar ran g e -
springs have now also become an
t he co m p any. S TA B I LUS is k n ow n in
m e nt s , als o o n site, e nsur e o pt imal
indispensable design element in
p ar ticular f o r it s te c hnic al inn ovat i -
s olu t io ns .
countless industrial applications
o n , q ualit y an d co m p e t it i ve p r icin g
When the gas spring is installed
in the most diverse sectors.
in all it s b usin e s s unit s .
with the piston rod facing down
both by the arrangement and the
Stroke [ S ]
diameter of the bores in the piston
and by the viscosit y of the oil used.
Speed
manufacture of gas springs. With
Bore
Piston cross-sectional area
S TA B I L U S t h e l o n g e s t e x p e r i e n c e
world-wide in the design and
Piston
Speed
The spring characteristic cur ve
Piston rod
the extending piston first travels
Spring c harac teristic cu r ve and F1-force
2
through the gas-filled and then
Stroke
Dynamic damping
3
... technology gives comfort
Choice and application of gas springs
Dimensions according
to choice
N o n - b l o c k i n g g a s s p r i n g s – L I F T- O - M AT ®
STABILUS
S TA B I L U S o f f e r s a n e x t r e m e l y w i d e
range of gas spring t ypes, which
Gas Springs
Dampers
Power Tailgate
Systems
STAB-O-SHOC
POWERISE
Automotive
var y in respect of their external
dimensions, speed cur ves and
extension variants, and invari-
without locking
with locking
ably meet the most stringent
requirements. A large selection is
BLOC-O-LIFT
LIFT-O-MAT
i n c l u d e d i n t h e S TA B I L U S s t a n d a r d
STAB-O-MAT
STAB-O-BLOC
Lifting, lowering, moving
and adjusting
product range and can be delivered
at shor t notice.
Service life and
maintenance
Installation instructions
Te m p e r a t u r e b e h a v i o u r
With their accurately adjusted
The temperature of the gaseous
extension force and application-
Tw i s t- f r e e c o n n e c t i o n
nitrogen inside the gas spring
s p e c i f i c d a m p i n g L I F T- O - M AT
Gas springs are maintenance-
For maximum ser vice life, gas
influences its extension behaviour
free! They are designed to specific
springs should not be exposed to
within cer tain limits. The standard
requirements and operate for
t wists or lateral forces. Suitable
temperature range lies bet ween
open and close flaps and bonnets
years and years without failure
connection fittings, e.g. angle
-30°C und + 8 0°C . In addition,
a n d e n s u r e u s e r- f r i e n d l y m o v e m e n t
when properly installed. Also for
joint s, can be used for the t wist-
gas springs with special sealing
sequences thanks to their damping
particularly high numbers of load
free connection of the gas springs.
systems for extreme loads are
characteristic.
L I F T- O - M AT ® f u n c t i o n , t h e s e
gas springs offer optimum weight
gas springs can be positioned at
compensation, force support, they
any desired point
D2
Installation position
specific gas springs in swivel
Gas sp r in g s – e xce pt t h o s e d e sig n e d
Operational safet y
chairs to withstand up to one million
for position-independent installa-
The operational safet y of the gas
load c ycles without damage.
t i o n – a r e p r e f e r a b l y inst alle d with
spring is primarily achieved by
E Available in a variet y of st an -
the piston rod facing d o w n s o a s t o
seals designed to keep the gas
maximise the hydraulic damping
pressure inside. For your protec tion,
E Linear spring cur ve for unifor m
effect and to ensure optimal
n o b e n d in g lo a d s sh ould b e e xe r te d
force progression over the
D if fe r e nt co nne c tio ns ar e availa ble
lubrication of the guide and seal
on the gas springs. Damage caused
entire spring travel
depending on the application.
system.
by subsequent mechanical operations,
E Available with progressive or
S TA B I L U S t h e r e f o r e o f f e r s a w i d e
including welding, performed on
degressive spring cur ve for
range of plastic or metal hinge
t h e g as sp r in g s , as well as co nt ami -
force suppor t at stroke st ar t or
eyes, including the easy-to-mount
nat io n o r p a i n t i n g o f t h e p i s t o n
end position
angle joint that only has to be
rod may lead to the failure of the
E Available with d y namic or
f it ted on the ball socket and
devices.
hydraulic damping according to
application and fit ting position
allows for t wist-free installation.
Piston rod
Pressure tube with
filling medium
Small selection of available connections
4
Oil
Special seal and
guide system
dard sizes and force variants
E Va r i o u s c o n n e c t i o n s y s t e m s f o r
E L I F T- O - M AT ® h i g h f r i c t i o n :
Piston system
Characteristics and
benefits
are available which allow e.g.
Connections
E H yd ro - L i f t ®: In ad dition to t he
®
available.
alterations special sealing systems
Product variants
Pressure tube
connection
practical and swif t installation
The increased friction of these
gas springs allows for stepless
positioning
E Elec t ro - Li f t : In addition to the
gas spring function, an electric
current is transmitted or even
switched, e.g. for illuminating
the engine compartment or
bootspace
E I n t e r- S t o p ® : T h e s t r o k e i s
D1
Piston rod
connection
divided into a number of func-
tional areas to allow manual
positioning of the application,
e.g. a flap
St andard Series Program
Piston rod
Pressure tube
diameter D1
outside diameter
(mm)
D2 ( mm )
6
Extension force
Ma x. stroke
(N)
(mm)
15
50 - 400
15 0
8
19
10 0 - 8 0 0
250
10
22
15 0 - 115 0
400
14
28
5 0 0 - 2 10 0
500
20
42
24 0 0 - 5 2 0 0
500
5
... technology gives comfort
Blocking gas springs – BLOC- O -LIF T®
D a m p e r s a n d S TA B - O - S H O C ®
Hydraulic dampening of
vibrations
Dampers are needed to positively
influence the nature of movements
and vibrations. They are designed
to match the par ticular applica-
Va r i a b l e p o s i t i o n i n g , r i g i d
or spring blocking
Characteristics and
benefits
Pressure tube
connection according
to product range
B L O C- O - L I F T ® g a s s p r i n g s r a i s e
E Rigid or spring blocking in the
Pressure tube
with filling medium
loads with an accurately tuned
Separating
piston
extension force and application-
D2
specific dampening while ensuring
u s e r- f r i e n d l y m o v e m e n t s e q u e n -
ex tension or compression direc-
t i o n . O p t i o n a l l y, a p o s i t i o n -
independent variant is available
tion. Oil-hydraulic dampers consist
E D e f i n e d l i n e a r, p r o g r e s s i v e o r
of a pressure tube, a piston rod
degressive damping force
with piston system and a piston
characteristic for optimal
rod connection fitting. The mo-
results
vement of the piston presses the
E Va r i a b l e d a m p i n g r a t e e . g . f o r
filling medium (oil) through sui-
steering dampers and driver
tably dimensioned bores into the
seat dampers
piston, thus producing the desired
E Elec tric ally adjust able damper s
optimally match the par ticular
damping force.
E Several connec tion variant s for
application
E For position - dependent or
C h a ra c t e r i s t i c s a n d b e n e f i t s
E A lso available with shor t re -
Speed and damping
regulating valve
system
l e a s e t r a v e l o f o n l y 1 m m ( n o r-
E Compac t dimensions with ma xi-
mally 2.5 mm ) for ex tremely
any position, with springing or
light operation
rigid blocking in the extension or
E Continuous release is also
c e s . I n a d d i t i o n , B L O C- O - L I F T ®
gas springs c an be blocked in
Special seal and
guide system
compression direction depending
o n t h e d e s i g n . Va r i a b l e b l o c k i n g i s
D1
made possible by integrating the
Piston rod
connection with
thread
valve into the piston, which
separates both pressure chambers
gastight. When the valve is closed, thereby interrupting the gas
exchange bet ween both pressure
c h a m b e r s , t h e B L O C- O - L I F T ® g a s
available on request (e.g. for
rocking the backrest of swivel
chairs)
Lef t : Spring blocking BLOC- O - LIF T® gas
spring
Pressure tube
of e.g. shocks, impacts or pulse-
diameter D1
outside diameter
(mm)
D2 ( mm )
8
10
office swivel chairs).
extension force
E W ith damping forces in one
E Suited for operating tempera -
specific frequencies (frequency-
direction or in the extension
tures between -40°C and
dependent dampening ) upon
and compression direction
+13 0 ° C
request
In a subsequent step, the desired
Determining the extension force
extension and damping characteri-
F1 [ N ] a t 2 0 ° C
stic can be determined.
St andard Series Program
Piston rod
positionindependent installation
E Damper s with or without
T h e S TA B I L U S i n s t a l l a t i o n d e s i g n
ideal for the smooth dampening
t ype peak loads (e.g. in seats and
Product variants
E V ibration dampening only at
mum reliabilit y and durabilit y
Calculating the installation
of a gas spring
Right : Rigid blocking BLOC- O - LIF T® gas
spring with separating piston for positionindependent installation
automatically when the valve tapThe springing blocking variant is
easy installation
Instructions for the design of gas springs
spring is blocked. The valve closes
p e t i s r e l e a s e d e x t e r n a l l y.
E Damper s are designed to
Extension force
Ma x. stroke
(N)
(mm)
28
2 0 0 - 10 0 0
10 0
28
2 0 0 - 15 0 0
250
F 1 = G x D x 13 [ N ]
bxn
proposal soft ware selects and
To m a k e y o u r o w n r o u g h e s t i m a t e
designs the optimal gas spring for
and to select the appropriate gas
G = weight of flap in kg
a specific application. For this, the
spring from our standard product
L = distance from centre of
following application details, e.g.
range, you can use the following
a flap, are needed :
approximation formula and appli-
b = ef fective lever arm of gas
E dimensions and weight
c ation sketch.
A
B±2
E opening angle to be achieved
E at t achment point s for the gas
springs
P
D
From this data the following is
( suggest approx. 2 / 3 L)
n = number of gas springs
L
derived :
kg - N + safet y margin
P = flap at tachment
L
B±2
spring in mm, flap open.
13 = c o n v e r s i o n f a c t o r
D
A
gravit y to pivot point in mm.
G
P
(standard : n = 2)
D = ef fective leverarm of gravit y
E the stroke A [ mm ]
E the ex tended leng th B [ mm ]
G
in mm, flap open
E the ex tension force F 1 [ N ]
E and the t y pe of connec tion
6
b
b
7
... technology gives comfort
1 0 0 0 / 0 9 .12 / A R T K O M
Worldwide
Deutschland
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Wallersheimer Weg 100
56070 Koblenz
Germany
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8
[email protected]
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España
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w w w. s t a b i l u s . c o m
Ty p o g r a p h i c a l e r r o r s a n d c ha n g e s r e s e r ve d .
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8
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