Registrul National al Furnizorilor Autorizati pe tip program

Transcription

EUROPEAN UNION
ROMANIAN GOVERNMENT
MINISTRY OF LABOUR, FAMILY,
SOCIAL PROTECTION AND
ELDERLY
AMPOSDRU
European Social Fund
POS DRU
2007-2013
Structural instruments
2007 - 2013
EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
Sectoral Operational Program Human Resources Development 2007 – 2013
Priority Axis 3 “INCREASING ADAPTABILITY OF WORKERS AND ENTERPRISES”
Key Area of Intervention 3.3 “Development of partnerships and encouraging initiatives for social partners
and civil society”
Project title: “The Network of Competent Authorities for Professional Qualifications in Romania
(IMI PQ NET Romania)”
Beneficiary: the Ministry of National Education
Contract no.: SOPHRD/93/3.3/S/53132
COMPETENCE AND CERTIFICATION PROCESSES
AND QUALIFICATIONS RECOGNITION IN ITALY
Author:
Associate Professor Eng. Nicolae IONESCU, Ph.D
Translation in English:
Prof Trad
March 2013
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SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………........
5
1. COMPETENCIES CERTIFICATION PROCESS IN ITALY ………………….…...
7
1.1. The education system and acquired certifications within it………..…………............
7
1.2. Adults' education …….................................................................................................. 11
1.3. Aquired professional competencies evaluation and certification in formal and informal
contexts….....................................................................................................................................
14
1.4. National Qualifications Framework vs. European Qualifications Framework...........
18
2. THE RECOGNITION OF PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS IN ITALY……..... 22
2.1. Legal and institutional framework for recognition of qualifications acquired in other
Member States of EU, EEA and Confederation Helvetica……………........................ 22
2.2. Regulated professions and competent authorities……………………………...…...... 27
2.2.1. Access to pursuit of the professions in Italy……………………………………. 27
2.2.2. Regulated professions in Italy…………………………………………….......... 27
2.3. The analysis of the regulated professions in Italy ………………………………........ 31
2.4. IMI PQ Statistics regarding regulated professions in Italy compared to those in
Romania ..................................................................................................................................
58
Conclusions
Bibliography
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INTRODUCTION
The present guide, as other similar studies of comparative analysis of the
competencies process certification and qualification recognition in Netherlands, Spain,
Germany, Denmark, United Kingdom and Czech Republic, is one of the results of the project
called „The Network of Competent Authorities for Professional Qualifications in Romania
(IMI PQ NET Romania)” implemented by the Ministry of National Education in partnership
with the National Qualifications Authority and the Institute for Social Policies (IPS), cofinanced by the Social European Fund through the Sectoral Operational Program Human
Resources Development 2007– 2013(POSDRU).
The General Objective of the project called „The Network of Competent Authorities
for Professional Qualifications in Romania(IMI PQ NET Romania)”consists in creating and
consolidating the IMI Network(Internal Market Information) for the professional
qualifications in Romania (IMI PQ NET), with the purpose of sustaining the CE initiative
regarding the development of the System for Informing the Internal Market, the
development of a common initiative in this respect, at a national level, targeting the
consolidation of the social partners’ capability (agencies and governmental organizations,
professional associations) to promote durable development through the creation of proper
instruments and communication channels and mutual consultancy with the purpose of
gaining efficient communication with the similar organizations within the European Union
and the European Economic Area (EEA), through the IMI platform.
In order to reach the general objective, MNE, the applicant beneficiary of the project,
aims to achieve the following objectives:

OS1 - Creating and developing a national network to support the
implementation of the Internal Market Information System (IMI), through
strengthening of the capacity of the social partners, by creating channels of
communication and mutual consultation;

OS2 - Development and implementation of common terms of reference on
certification standards for Romanian workers' skills and the recognition of
professional qualifications of EU citizens;
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OS3 - Involving Network members in the exchange of information mediated
by IMI platform, by providing information / data to requests addressed through
this platform by organizations / associations in the EU / EEA.
For creating the comparative studies the methodological external experts of the
National Qualifications Authority have examined the national information sources (of the
analyzed countries and Romania) and at a Community level (comparative studies conducted
at the European Union level) and have participated to a study visit in different EU Member
States, thus having the chance to complete their work of documentation through the
experience exchange with representatives of the Competent Authorities on different
regulated professions within those countries.
This comparative study was made based both on data presented within the
international official reports and also by using the direct information that the Romania IMI
PQ NET team acknowledged during the visit to Italy. A series of aspects regarding the
professions for which there is a high number of applications from Romanian citizens in order
to be recognized in Italy were highlighted (as, for example, nurse), and different issues that
occur when it comes for the qualifications recognition for which there are big differences of
training between the two countries (as, for example, beautician, hairdresser).
For the received information during the visit and for the change of experience, the
author and the management team would like to thank some ministries and department
representatives from Italy: Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico (Ministerul Dezvoltării
Economice), Ministero della Salute (Ministry of Health, Dipartimento Politiche Europee
(Europenean Policies Department), Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo e la Competitività del
Turismo (Departament for Turism Development and Competivity), Ministerio de lavoro e
delle Politiche Sociali (Ministry of Labor and Social Policies), Ministero dell'Istruzione,
dell'Università e della Ricerca - MIUR (Ministry of Education, Universities and Research),
ISFOL - Istituto per lo Sviluppo della Formazione Professionale dei Lavoratori (Training
Institute of workers), the Ministry of Justice and the national IMI coordinator.
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1. COMPETENCIES CERTIFICATION
PROCESS IN ITALY
1.1. The education system and acquired certifications within it
Obtaining a certain professional qualification is based on the national education
system presented in fugure 1.1.
Ministerio dell'Università e della Ricerca (Ministry of Education, Universities and
Research, MIUR) is responsible for the regulation, monitoring, establishment in the general
funding framework, the harmonization with the european system (Bologna Process) and
setting the admission requirements for higher education. MIUR responsibility is also to
coordinate the activities within the scientific research institutions. The universities have a
wide autonomy range regarding the management, funding and the educational offer.
Starting from 1998, a lot of non-university domain of MIUR responsibilities were
delegated to local and regional authorities. The Ministry continues to be responsible for the
criteria regarding the educational organization system and it`s evaluation, the tasks regarding
the financial establishment and resources, and also for school`s staff allocation. Different
regions are responsible for tasks, as per example the range planning of educational programs,
curricula, school calendar and professional education organization.
Starting from 1999 an important reform series took place, especially within the higher
educational system. The binary system was introduced, with the three steps of university
education, on one hand, and post-secondary professional education on the other hand.
Also, a credit system was adopted, adapted to the European Credit Transfer System
(ECTS) in order to provide more flexible programs to the individual and to facilitate the
continuity of the educational programs. A third reform was introducing a quality insurance
system, with an evaluation unit within each university. In the year 2000, the mandatory
educational system was extended to 8-9 years, for children with age from 6 to 15 years. The
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teaching language is Italian and, in some cases, German (in some nordic regions of the
country, if the majority of the population is german ethnic).
Preschool and primary school education
Preschool education from Italy is addressing to children with ages between 3 and 6
years. Although it is not mandatory, 96% of the children are pursuing the preparation step.
Primary school (scuola primaria) lasts 5 years, for children with ages between 6 and
11 years. After graduating, the pupils are given a Primary School License Diploma (Diploma
di Licenza della Scuola Primaria).
Secondary school education
Secondary school education is divided in two levels, as it follows:

Junior General Secondary Education / Scuola Secondaria di Primo Grado lasts
three years and it is graduated by obtaining the Medium School License Diploma
(Diploma di Licenza della Scuola Media). This is equivalent to an eight grades
graduation certificate in Romania.

Senior General Secondary Education / Scuola Secondaria di Secondo Grado lasts
between 3 and 5 years and offers the following options:
1.
Scientifical High School (Liceo Scientifico). This 5 years program is mainly focused
on an academic training.
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Fig. 1.1. Educational system in Italy (www.nuffic.nl)
2.
Classic High School (Classico Liceo) which lasts 5 years, with focus on human
sciences and classic languages;
3.
Linguistic High School (Linguistico Liceo), also lasts 5 years and it is focused on
modern foreign languages, italian and latin;
4.
Artistic high School (Liceo Artistico). A 4 year program that mainly trains the
students for art domain education or for other university program, if the student
registers for an additional preparation year;
5.
Tehnical Institute (Istituto Tecnico). This program is divided in 2 levels: a general 2
years level and a 3 years level within which the students are specilized on a certain
domain, as for instance the business administration, electrical engineering, computers
sciences etc.
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The five types of education mentioned above are completed by graduation with an
„superior secondary training class public exam promotion diploma” (Diploma di
Superamento dell’Esame di Stato Conclusivo dei Corsi di Istruzione Secondaria Superiore).
This is equal to the Baccalaureate degree in Romania.
The curricula provided by an Art High School (Liceo Artistico) and by a technical
Institute (Tecnico Istituto) is different from the others provided by the Scientifical/ Clasic/
Linguistics (Liceo scientifico / Classico / Linguistico) from a central component of education.
Secondary professional / vocational education
This type of education is provided by the following insitutions:
1. Professional Institute (Istituto professionale). The programs are pursued during a
3 years timeframe and are completed by graduation with a Qualification Diploma
(Diploma di Qualifica). The students are trained for a profession and can also
obtain Diploma di Superamento dell’Esame di Stato Conclusivo dei Corsi di
Istruzione Secondaria Superiore, after taking a 2 years additional class.
2. The Art Institute (Istituto d'Arte) – the programs last also 3 years and are
completed by obtaing an Art Master Diploma (Diploma di Maestro d'Arte). In this
program also the students have the opportunity of obtaining the Diploma di
Superamento dell’Esame di Stato Conclusivo dei Corsi di Istruzione Secondaria
Superiore, after taking a 2 years additional class.
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1.2. Adult education – general education/on key competencies and
continuous training
The situation from Italy is characterized through the existence of some public and
private education providers for adults for continuous training. According to recent political
evolution for promoting the continuous growth of the competences of local and regional
authorities, the responsibility for the adult education doman was gradually transferred to
Regions 1.
Permanent Territorial Centers (PTC) and evening schools are the main public specific
structures foocused on promoting the adult education activities. On the other hand, the
organizations and private companies work closely with public authorities, and many NGOs
are operating on the territory in order to provide non-formal educations classes to the adults.
The PTCs and the schools act both in formal education and also in non-formal one.
The main purspose of the PTCs is to promote the basic culture, to develop and consolidate
the basic skills and specific knowledge, to teach foreign languages (Italian fo foreigners) and
to offer classes for obtaining a „Lower secondary school diploma” (Diploma de Scuola
Secondaria Inferiore), in the case of the adults who have not graduated the lower secondary
school on time (early dropout).
The classes offered by PTC can be attended by adults and young people aged over 16
who have not passed the first "cycle" of education, or by people who want to improve
education. The classes are tax free and are funded mainly by the ministry of Education.
Decree of the Ministry 25/10/2007 (that was enforced in January of 2009)
transformed the existent Permanent Territorial Centers (PTCs) into Regional Centers for
Adult Education (Centri per l'Provinciali Istruzione degli Adulti), with the purpose of
reorganizing its activity and management.
Education and third party non-university training (IFTS) utilizes a national standard
system based on compentencies aquirements since year 2000. Moreover, after adopting the
Decree from 25th of January of 2008 that regulates the relations between the italian
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government and some independent regions regarding the professional qualifications
recognition, the Nationat Committee for IFTS decided the standards actualization
(professional occupational and training) in order to confer more coherence and compatibilit
with the approach based on education results.
It has been developed, at a regional level, an offer of continuous training classes for
an year, based on national occupational standards named „competencies units profiles”, but it
was implemented according to the local needs, and another offer, at national level, of 2 years
classes that are also based on the standards expressed in learning results.
Schematically, the connection between the occupational standards, the training
standards and standards of competencies certification, with the actors that play an important
CERTIFICATION
STANDARDS
TRAINING
STANDARDS
(TRAINING)
The Ministries of the
regions / the
autonomous provinces
with the social partners
determine which are the
professional processes,
provision of services or
activities that define the
concerned
profession/occupation
regions / the
autonomous provinces
with the social partners
determine the content
and the criteria for the
certification of the
aquired competencies
regions / the
autonomous
provinces with the
social partners
determine the training
standards in
correlation
with different training
courses
Regional definition
sites regarding the
specific details at a
regional level of
professional/occupation
al standards
Regional definition
sites regarding the
regional level of
competencies
certifications
recognition standards
Regional definition
sites regarding the
regional level of
training/preparation
REGIONAL
LEVEL
PROFESSIONAL
STANDARDS
(OCUPATIONAL)
NATIONAL LEVEL
role in each level, are presented in figure 1.2.
Fig. 1.2. Standard Categories in Italy1
1
Author`s remake after Scienter – class regarding SO, SPP and SC, Bologna, May 2011, DEFIN project of IBR
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According to ISFOL Report from 2012, the structure of certified profesional training
providers in 2011 by the juridic form was: third-party sector (NGOs, professional
associations etc.) – 34%, employers / companies – 26%, specialized trainers – 20%, schools /
universities – 9%, other providers – 11%. The structure on levels of education of the
formation bidders in 2011 was: with first cycle university diploma (Laurea) – 63%; nonuniversity diploma graduates – 30%, qualified – 7%.
On ISFOL2 site, the competencies units system drawn up by ISFOL3 is presented,
Nomenclatura delle Unità Professionali (NUP), and also the classes/ professions clusters, the
24th economic and professional areas within which are divided the occupational and training
standards, based on which are created the processes of professional and certification
competencies
Comparatively, Romania has a training system for adults based on occupational
standards and regulations authorizing training companies managed by the National
Qualifications Authority - NCA and there is an occupational standard for the trainer
profession.
2
http://www.nrpitalia.it/isfol/index.php
3
http://www.nrpitalia.it/isfol/index.php
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1.3. Aquired professional competencies evaluation and certification
in formal and informal contexts
The competencies certification function is fulfilled by the regions, that within the
autonomy`s specifiic rules, regulates the procedures of applying the constitutional law CL
3/20014, taking into consideration the minimum established standards at national level.
A national level is defined as a system of minimum standards of competence, that
identifies the minimum base of common competences of a reference professional profile.
At a regional and autonomous provinces level, depending on the professional needs
and through consultation with institutions and social partners, the training is planned at
national standards and the competences based on some models and devided procedure are
certified. The competence is registered in the training registry and the individual credits are
recognized and can be used in national and european perspective.
Taking into consideration the fact that the Regions are responsible with the
application of the legislation regarding the competencies certification, are offered below the
contact details of these authorities from all Italy`s regions (Table 1.1).
The responsible authorities for training in Italy`s regions and autonomous provinces
Nr.
Region name
Crt.
1 REGIONE
ABRUZZO
2 REGIONE
BASILICATA
3 REGIONE
CALABRIA
4
Table
1.1
Authority name
Contact details
Assessorato politiche attive del lavoro formazione professionale - osservatorio sul
mercato del lavoro - istruzione
Dipartimento Formazione - Lavoro Culture– Sports
(Training and vocational guidance,
extracurricular educational activity and
permanent education, school, university and
right to study, activity and cultural services,
institutions and cultural good, active
policies within the labor youth policy, sport
and leisure)
Assessorato Formazione Professionale Lavoro E Cooperazione
http://www.regione.abruzzo.it , Direzione Politiche Attive del
Lavoro, della Formazione e dell'Istruzione, PESCARA (65124), v.
Raffaello, Tel. 0857671.
POTENZA (85100), c. Umberto I 28, Tel. 0971668111 0971668119 - 0971668027 - Fax 0971668480,
http://www.Regione.Basilicata.it
CATANZARO (88100), v. Lucrezia della Valle, 24
Tel. 0961759624 - 0961759627 - Fax 0961752674.
http://www.calabria.org Dipartimento Formazione Professionale e
Politiche del Lavoro. Settore Formazione Professionale e
Orientamento CATANZARO LIDO (88100) (CZ), v. delle
Legge costituzionale 18 ottobre 2001, n. 3, http://www.parlamento.it/parlam/leggi/01003lc.htm
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4 REGIONE
CAMPANIA
5 REGIONE
EMILIAROMAGNA
6 REGIONE
FRIULI VENEZIA
GIULIA
7 REGIONE
LAZIO
8 REGIONE
LIGURIA
9 REGIONE
LOMBARDIA
10 REGIONE
MARCHE
11 REGIONE
MOLISE
12 REGIONE
PIEMONTE
13 REGIONE
PUGLIA
14 REGIONE
AUTONOMA
DELLA
SARDEGNA
15 REGIONE
SICILIANA
16 REGIONE
TOSCANA
17 REGIONE
UMBRIA
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Repubbliche Marinare, Tel. 096134974
NAPOLI (80143), Centro Direzionale Isola A6
http://www.regione.campania.it
Area generale di coordinamento istruzione - educazione formazione - politiche giovanili e del forum regionale - O.R.ME.L.,
NAPOLI (80143), Centro Direzionale Isola A/6
Tel. 0817966145 - 0817966149 - Fax 0817966526
Assessorato Scuola - Formazione
BOLOGNA (40127), vle Aldo Moro 38, Tel. 051283395 - Fax
Professionale - Università - Lavoro - Pari 051283578, http://www.regione.emilia-romagna.it ,
Opportunità
[email protected] , Direzione Generale
Cultura, Formazione e Lavoro, BOLOGNA (40127), vle Aldo
Moro 38, Tel. 051283374 - Fax 051283954,
[email protected] , Servizio Formazione
Professionale. Tel. 051283616 - Fax 051283917
Servizio Scuola - Università e Integrazione dei Sistemi Formativi.
Tel. 051283965 - Fax 051283946
Assessorato Formazione Professionale UDINE (33100), v. Cotonificio 133, Tel. 0432555485 Lavoro - Previdenza - Cooperazione 0432555484 - Fax 0432555752, http://www.regione.fvg.it
Artigianato
Direzione Regionale del Lavoro, Previdenza, Cooperazione e
Artigianato, TRIESTE (34126), v. Giulia 75/1, Tel. 0403771111.
Assessorato Scuola, Formazione E Lavoro ROMA (00147), v. Cristoforo Colombo 212, Tel. 0651681.
http://www.regione.lazio.it , Segreteria Particolare - ROMA
(00145), v. Rosa Raimondi Garibaldi 7, Tel. 0651683485 0651686437. Direzione Regionale Scuola, Formazione e Politiche
per il Lavoro,ROMA (00145), v. Rosa Raimondi Garibaldi 7, Tel.
06516814949 - Fax 0651686800
Assessorato Istruzione - Formazione GENOVA (16121), v. Gabriele D'Annunzio 113, Tel. 0105484760
Lavoro - Giovani
- 0105485766. http://www.regione.liguria.it
Direzione Generale Formazione,
MILANO (20124), v. Sassetti 32, Tel. 0267652018 - 0267656306 Istruzione, Lavoro
Fax 0267656276, http://www.formalavoro .regione.lombardia.it
Assessorato Pianificazione Territoriale E
ANCONA (60125), v. Tiziano 44, Tel. 0718063952 - Fax
Urbanistica - Edilizia Pubblica E Privata – 0718063112, http://www.regione.marche.it
Politiche; Comunitarie - Trasporti Viabilità - Politiche Del Lavoro - Beni E
Attività Culturali
Assessorato Ambiente - Caccia E Pesca
CAMPOBASSO (86100), v. D'Amato, Tel. 0874429501 Sportiva - Politiche Del Lavoro E
0874429522 - Fax 0874429543. http://www.regione.molise.it
Formazione Professionale
Assessorato Industria, Lavoro e
TORINO (10152), v. Pisano 6, Tel. 0114321650 - Fax
Formazione Professionale, New Economy e 0114323304, http://www.regione.piemonte.it
Affari Internazionali
(Industry, workforce, new economy, proofessional training,
coordiination policies and Community funds, international
business, internal and external commerce, budget and finances (ad
interim)).
Assessorato Formazione Professionale BARI (70123), v. Corigliano 1 z. ind., Tel. 0805402329 - Fax
Politiche Dell'occupazione E Del Lavoro - 0805402376. http://www.regione.puglia.it , Settore Formazione
Cooperazione -Pubblica Istruzione - Diritto Professionale, BARI (70123), v. Corigliano 1 z. ind., Tel.
Allo Studio
0805407557.
Assessorato Lavoro - Formazione
CAGLIARI (09131), v. XXVIII Febbraio 5, Tel. 0706067003 - Fax
Professionale - Cooperazione E Sicurezza 0706065532, http://www.regione.sardegna.it , Direzione Generale
Sociale
Lavoro - Formazione Professionale - Cooperazione e Sicurezza
Sociale, [email protected], Tel. 0706065704
Assessorato Lavoro
PALERMO (90144), v. Pernice 3, Tel. 0916961111 - 0916968438
- 0916968428. http://www.regione.sicilia.it
Assessorato Istruzione E Formazione FIRENZE (50129), p. della Libertà 16, Tel. 0554382111
Politiche Del Lavoro - Concertazione
http://www.regione.toscana.it
Assessorato Ricerca, Politiche Formative, PERUGIA (06124), v. M. Angeloni 61, Tel. 0755045412 Politiche Attive Del Lavoro, Politiche
0755045483 - Fax 0755045428, http://www.regione.umbria.i ,
Sociali
[email protected], Direzione Regionale Cultura,
Turismo, Istruzione, Formazione e Lavoro, PERUGIA (06124), v.
M. Angeloni 61, Tel. 0755045707 - Fax 0755045703,
Assessorato Istruzione E Formazione,
Lavoro E Politiche Sociali, Politiche
Giovanili, Problemi
Dell'immigrazione
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18 REGIONE
Dipartimento Politiche Del Lavoro
AUTONOMA
VALLE D'AOSTA
19 REGIONE DEL Assessorato Politiche Delle Risorse
Umane, Organizzazione E Autonomie
VENETO
Locali
2007 - 2013
[email protected]
AOSTA (11100), v. Garin 1, Tel. 0165275504 - Fax 0165275786,
http://www.regione.valle-aosta.it
Segreteria Regionale alla Formazione e al Lavoro, VENEZIA
MESTRE (30170) (VE), ptta Allegri 29, Tel. 0412795150 - Fax
0412795140. Direzione Formazione; VENEZIA MESTRE (30170)
(VE), ptta Allegri 29, Tel. 0412795030 - Fax 0412795085.
In 2006, Italy started to develop a unitary methodology based on national level
approach of the training processes in terms of learning results, laying the foundation of a
better integration of all component parts / sub-systems of the qualification system.
A regional competencies iventory standard was created and the methodology was
tested in the tourism and mechanics sectors, which will be applied to other sectors such as the
chemical industry, food industry and agriculture. Also, some regions apdopted the regional
standards based on the same methodology, and ISFOL (Istituto per lo Sviluppo della
Formazione Professionale dei Lavoratori), public institute with role in supporting the national
policies for the creation of a National Qualifications Framework (equal to ANC in Italy,
National Contact Point for EQF), supports the Ministry of Labor in creating a national
database with occupational standards and training developed in the last years, that were not
divided in 24 economical and professional areas. In 2010 an agreement between the Ministry
of Labor, Regions of Italy and the solcial partners was signed, for the common
implementation of the continuous training policies in the vision of EQF, with accent on the
learning results in all contexts – formal, informal and non-formal, the very important role of
the aquired competencies certification for the human capital `s competitive growth and for
learning pursposes during the entire life being recognized.
A non-formal education service is offered by the Popular Universities (Università
Popolari), which are public and private universities whose main purpose is to promote the
adult`s education. They organize different types of activities, the most of them being
addressed to the adults, but are open, also to younger people. The first universities were
opened at the beginning of the 20th century, following the example of the Holland and
Sweden. The largest university is UPTER, based in Rome, which offers a range of courses
(foreign languages, sports, Italian as a foreign language, etc..).
Each reagion stipulates different norms for opening this kind of institutions, but there
are more general requirements:

To be Recognized as regulated associations;
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
To provide minimum 6 different classes of at least 100 hours each;

Two thirds of the teachers must be higher education graduates;

To be economically autonomous and have a regulated administrative structure

To be members of the national or international associations of Università per la Terza
ETA.
In Italy there are four levels of the courses addressed to the adults:

First level. (Target group: young people between 14 and 18 years, who completed the
participation to the mandatory classes). The duration ranges from two to three years.
Usually at the end of the course a certificate is issued;

Second level (Target group: young people between 14 and 18 years, who completed
the secondary studies). The duration ranges from 600 and 1200 hours. At the end of
the course a certificate is issued;

Third level. Addressed to young graduates or unemployed, this is designed to offer a
higher specialization level

Professional qualifications. The purpose of this courses is to consolidate the
professional experience of the graduates. Organized at the private associations
initiative, they are, usually, co-financed by the public institutions and are also subject
to tax.
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1.4. National Qualifications Framework
vs. European Qualifications Framework
At the time of this study in Italy has not yet been implemented a national
qualifications framework in line with the European Qualifications Framework (EQF), but the
implementation process is in an advanced stage and is expected to be completed during the
year 2013. In Romania, the European Qualifications Framework is implemented only for
higher education, being created National Register of Qualifications in Higher Education in
Romania. For secondary education National Qualification Framework (NQF) is in the public
debate.
According to the report by CEDEFOP in August 2010 on the National Qualifications
Frameworks in the EU Member States, in line with the European Qualifications Framework
(EQF), the development of a national framework of qualifications and their certification
began in Italy since 2003.
The responsability of the developing initiative is divided between the Ministry of
Labor and Social Policies and the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research. National
Committee (Tavolo nazionale) established by the Ministry of Labour in 2006 played a key
role in the development of CNC in Italy, because it includes not only representatives of the
two ministries, but also representatives of the regions and the autonomous provinces of Italy,
and the social partners.
Adopting a national framework of qualifications in higher education (Italian
Framework for Higher Education Qualifications - QTI) in accordance with the Bologna
process started in 2008. The Dublin descriptors are used at national level for the three cycles
of the Bologna system. Some short-term qualifications are defined by universities in subdescriptors, depending on the differences between specific elements of different
qualifications (loading, duration, access etc..).
The decision factors have focused on the need to align diplomas and certificates with
the requirements of the Bologna system. In particular, the legislation reforming higher
education (first cycle of three years) and Laurea Magistrale (Second cycle two years)
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provides that new programs should be based on learning outcomes according to the Dublin
descriptors. Thus, the descriptors were agreed with employers to achieve compliance with the
real needs on the labor market.
In table 1.2 is presented a comparative situation Italy-Romania.
National Qualification Framework – comparative situation Italy-Romania
Table 1.2
Italy
Romania
 Is implemented the National Qualifications
Calendar:
Jun – Sept 2012 – improving the content of the reference report based Framework from the Higher Education – CNCIS
on foreign experts and the annexes development;

The National Register of Qualifications in
Higher Education - RNCIS was developed
National consultation; Processing the national consultation results and
(www.rncis.ro)
the optimization of the report;
 The National Register of Qualifications for preSept 2012 – forward the report to the advisory
university education is under development
Nov./Dec. 2012 – Approving the report at a regional and national level;
Febr. 2013 – Final presentation of the referencing report to the advisory
group
ISFOL-Istituto per lo Sviluppo della Formazione Professionale dei Lavoratori NQA – National Qualifications Authority
So far, the stages of the referencing process in Italy can be summarized as it follows:

In 2009 ISFOL was appointed as EQF National Coordination Point (NCP Italy) by
the Ministry of Labor and Social Policies;

Since the beginning of 2009 a Technical Group (TG) worked on the referencing
process. TG is composed of experts from the Ministry of Labor and Social Policy,
Ministry of Education, University and Research, Department of EU Policies and
ISFOL - NCP;

Since 2011 the Regions were involved in the process, through its own technical
committee called the „Technical Coordination Authority”. Also, the Social Partners
were involved in the main working sessions;

Italy completed the Referencing report in February 2013, after its formal approval by
the competent authorities.
Within the referencing process, the Technical Group conducted an overview of the
Italian Qualification Systems, based on the key concepts EQF and shared regional inclusion
qualification choices and references opportunities with the national institutions and of the
Regions and though social partners involvement.
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In May 2012 began the consultations with international experts who provided a
valuable feedback for presenting the italian referencing process within the european context.
The national consultation was held in the second half of 2012.
The National Report Structure consists of three sections, namely:
1. General description of the various systems and subsystems of educational and
vocational training;
2. Identifying the appropriate qualifications of these systems and subsystems;
3. The referencing framework based on european analysys criteria.
Within the construction of the National Framework of Qualifications were included
and placed on the appropriate EQF level, the qualifications obtained at regional level.
In table 1.3 the Italy National Framework of Qualifications project is presented, which
most probably will be adopted in this form during 2013.
Table 1.3
EQF Level/
Qualificatio
n Level
1
Qualification
Lower secondary level leaving
certificate
Certificate of completion compulsory
education
Ministry of Education,
University and Research
University and Research or
Regions
Diploma of professional operator
Certificate of professional operator
Regions
Vocational Diploma of technician
Regions
Classical and scientific upper
secondary level leaving certificate
Technical upper secondary level
leaving certificate
Vocational upper secondary level leaving
certificate
Certificate of higher technical
specialisation
Diploma of hig h level technician
Regions
2
3
4
5
6
Competent Authority
Bachelor degree
Attendance
Three years attendance in the lower
secondary school
After two years of superior
secondary school, technical school,
professional school, professional
Education and Training system (3
and 4 years attendance)
Three years attendance in the
professional school
professional education and in the
training /discipleship
professional education and in the
training /discipleship
Five years attendance in high school
/ Discipleship
Five years attendance in technical
school / Discipleship
Five years attendance in professional
school / Discipleship
Training attendance and superior
technical education (IFTS)
Superior technical training (ITS) /
discipleship
Three years attendance (180 de
credite – CFU)/ Internship
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Graduate Diploma (first level)
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University and Research /
high level of artistic and
musical training
Master’s Degree
Graduate Diploma (second level)
musical training
First level Master
Specialized graduate diploma (I)
musical training
Upgrade Diploma or master (I)
musical training
Doctoral Degree
Graduate diploma for training research Ministry of Education,
musical training
Specialized Diploma
Second level Master
Specialized graduate diploma (II)
musical training
Upgrade Diploma or Master (II)
musical training
Three years attendance (180 de
credite – CFA)
Two years attendance (120 credits –
CFU)/ Internship
CFA)
Minimum one year attendance (min.
60 credits – CFU)/ Internship
CFA)
60 credits – CFA)
Three years attendance / Internship
Three years attendance
Minimum two years attendance (120
de credite – CFU)/ Internship
60 credits – CFU)/ Internship
Minimum two years attendance (120
de credite – CFA)
60 credits – CFA)
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2. THE RECOGNITION OF PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
IN ITALY
2.1. The legal and institutional framework for recognition of
qualifications acquired in other Member States of EU, EEA and
Confederation Helvetica
Italy has implemented the Directive 2005/36/EC on recognition of professional
qualifications by Legislative Decree no. 206 of 6 November 2007 - "Attuazione della
direttiva 2005/36/CE relativa al riconoscimento delle qualifiche professionali, nonche' della
direttiva 2006/100/CE che adegua determinate direttive sulla libera circolazione delle
persone a seguito dell'adesione di Bulgaria e Romania". This decree set the rules allowing
the citizens of EU Member States to pursue a regulated profession in Italy for which they are
qualified in the home Member State.
The transposition text refers to the so-called "regulated" professions as defined in art.
4, paragraph 1, letter a) of this Decree.
The decree applies to the citizens of the European Union Member States who wish to
pursue a regulated profession on the Italian territory, as employees or as self-employed / freelancers, on the basis of professional qualifications acquired in a Member State of the
European Union and sets the conditions under which the exercise of this profession is
allowed.
Also, the competence certification is based on general laws, of which the most
important are:
1. Law 1378 / 12.08.1956 on "State examinations for entitlement to pursue
professions";
2. Ministerial Decree of 09.09.1957 with its amendments regarding the "Approval of
Regulation on state examinations for entitlement to pursue professions ";
3. Law no. 323 of 04.02.1958 on "Rules regarding state examinations for entitlement
to pursue professions ";
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4. Presidential Decree no. 328 of 2 June 2001 - "Amendments to the requirements
for admission to the state examinations related to the pursuit of certain professions
and related laws";
5. Ministerial Decree no. 509 of 3 November 1999, with subsequent amendments
and additions- "Regulations on the curricular autonomy of universities";
6. Presidential Decree no. 328 of 5 June 2001 on "Amendments of the procedure and
requirements for admission to the state examination and specific tests related to
the pursuit of certain professions and the organization of competent authorities";
7. Presidential Decree no. 107 of 10 June 2002, transposed into Law 173 of 1 August
2002 - "Urgent provisions on access to regulated professions";
8. Decree Law no. 105 of 9 May 2003, transposed into Law no. 170 of 11 July 2003
- "Urgent measures for universities and research institutes to enable certification
for pursuit of professional activities."
The profession which the applicant wishes to pursue in Italy will be the one for which
he was qualified in the home Member State, if the activities are comparable and can be
practices under the establishment or cross-border provision of services on a temporary and
occasional basis.
Based on art. 56, paragraph 4 and art. 57 of Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition
of professional qualifications, establishing that each Member State must designate a
competent authority for coordinating the activities related to professional recognition and a
national contact point, to promote the uniform application of this Directive, the article 6,
paragraph 1 of Legislative Decree no. 206/2007 provides to the Department of Community
policies coordination, on the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, the tasks of national
coordinator and National Contact Point.
For the Italian National Contact Point, contact details are:
Il Punto nazionale di contatto è composto da:
Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, Dipartimento Politiche Comunitarie, Ufficio
Mercato Interno e Competitività, Piazza Nicosia 20, 00186 ROMA, ITALIA
e-mail: puntonazionaledicontattoqualificheprofessionali@politicheeuropee.it
Website: www.politichecomunitarie.it
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Contact persons:
Dott.ssa Lucia Monaco e-mail: [email protected]
Dott.ssa Maria Giuseppina Castellano e-mail: [email protected]
Tel.: 0039 06 677 92 548- Fax: 0039 06 6779 5064
For professional qualifications recognition, the Directive 2005/36/EC provides three
modes of recognition, namely:

A system based on preventive harmonization of training providing automatic
recognition.
This system is applicable to the professions of nurse, dentist, veterinary,
midwife, architect, pharmacist and doctor.

A system based on mutual trust between Member States (known as the
General System of Recognition). This system is applicable to a number of
professions, which can vary between Member States since the Directive does
not require any regulatory obligation for Member States. It applies when the
profession is regulated in Italy and if the applicant has pursued or is entitled to
pursue it in its home state.
Recognition is not automatic, but requires a comparison of training courses in
the two countries (in this case, Romania and Italy), and the possibility, in the
event of "substantial differences", to impose compensatory measures (test of
aptitudes or adjustment period - article 23 of the Decree).

A system based on professional experience gained in the country of origin.
This system applies to crafting, commercial or industrial activities specifically
listed in Annex IV of the Directive and provides for automatic recognition if
they meet the conditions expressly provided for each professional category.
For recognition in the General System, the request is submitted to the competent
authority of the host Member State (Italy). This application must be accompanied by a series
of documents and certificates listed in Annex VII to the Directive 2005/36/EC on the
recognition of professional qualification.
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Usually, the documents required in Italy for EU citizens who wish to establish in
this country are5:
1. The copy of a valid identity document;
2. A certified copy of the specific professional qualification (indicating the
examinations taken, needed to determine the possible significant differences with
the national training, referred to in Article 14 of the Directive);
3. A certified copy of the specific qualification, if it is provided by the country in
which the qualification was obtained;
4. A certified copy of the enrollment in the Professional Register of the country in
which the title was obtained, only if provided in this country;
5. The original value declaration* issued by the diplomatic authority or Italian
Consulate in the country where the title for which recognition is sought was
awarded, stating:
a. that the title has been issued by a competent authority of the country of
origin;
b. access requirements for the course (basic education);
c. that the title gives access to practice in the country where it was issued;
d. duration of the training for the qualification in question;
e. authenticity of the signature on the title (if authenticity is not proven,
legalization of the title by competent authorities is required);
f. professional activities that the title gives access to in the country of origin.
*
Requested only to non-EU citizens.
6. Attestation that there are no criminal or professional obstacles in the pursuit of the
profession, issued by the competent authority in the country of origin and / or
provenance;
7. Certificate that details any work activity in the country of origin, following the
acquirement of the qualification for which recognition is requested (including
stages of practical trainings);
5
Source: Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, DIPARTIMENTO PER L’INFORMAZIONE E L’EDITORIA
- GUIDA ALL’UTENTE, Direttiva 2005/36/CEE relativa al riconoscimento delle qualifiche professionali
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In the case of regulated professions, in Romania and Italy the following documents
are required:
1. Certificate or other attestation issued by the competent authority in Romania
showing that the title gives access to the pursuit of profession in the country of
origin;
2. The detailed program of studies, clearly indicating the number of hours and topics
for each subject, as well as the number of hours of internship, issued by the
education institution that awarded the diploma;
3. Certificate attesting the activity pursued in the country of origin or provenance,
after the acquirement of the qualification for which recognition is sought;
4. Certificate attesting the completed internship periods, specialized courses attended
or acquirement of other diplomas.
For the non-regulated professions in Romania, but regulated in Italy, the following are
needed for recognition:
1. Documents showing full exercise of that profession for two years in the last 10
years in the country where the title was obtained;
2. The detailed program of studies, clearly indicating the number of hours and topics
for each subject, as well as the number of hours of internship, issued by the
education institution that awarded the diploma;
3. Certificate attesting the attendance to any training courses or acquirement of other
diplomas;
All documents written in a foreign language must be accompanied by a translation in
Italian, certified in accordance with the original text, issued by the Italian diplomatic or
consular authorities in the state that awarded the diploma, or by an official translator of an
Italian court. Photocopies must be used by EU citizens in respect to the Law DPR 445/2000
which requires that they be accompanied by a declaration from the applicant certifying it to
be a true copy of the original. Authorities will check the veracity of these statements by
random sampling.
The documents cannot be subsequently withdrawn by the person concerned or by the
representative, at the conclusion of title recognition.
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2.2. Regulated professions and competent authorities
2.2.1. Acces to pursuit of the professions in Italy
From the point of view of access to pursuit, in Italy professions can be classified into
two broad categories, namely:
1.
Regulated professions - performed in Italy, subject to national laws regulating the
professional title, level of training required and the rules of professional conduct. For these
professions, if the professional title was obtained in another Member State, for the lawful
practice
For regulated professions, professional recognition is performed under Community
law (Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications), for the persons
that are citizens of an EU Member State, and based on DPR 394/99 art. 49-50 and DPR
334/04 for people from non-EU countries
2.
Non-regulated professions - which may be pursued by any citizen who has a
bachelor's qualification in the profession, issued by an EU Member State. For those
professions, if the professional title was obtained in another Member State, it is not necessary
to obtain the recognition of qualifications by a competent authority in Italy for the lawful
pursuit of the profession.
2.2.2. Regulated professions in Italy
In Italy there are 155 regulated professions, according to official data of the European
Commission on the European single market. Annexes 1 and 2 present these professions with
their name in Italian, English and Romanian, together with some details of the competent
authorities, contacts, qualifications recognition under Directive 2005/36/EC, statistics etc.
In Table 2.1 is presented the main grouping of these professions on the main
competent authorities. As the main difference from Romaniastands the management by the
Ministry of Justice (Ministero della Giustizia) of a relatively large number of professions,
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most of which are not in in the justice field (Agrotecnico, Chemical / Chemical junior
industrial ingegnere etc.).
This is justified by the fact that in Italy, the Ministry of Justice has been over the time
the promoter of many legislative acts in various areas and, because of , traditional and
historical reasons, a large number of heterogeneous professions remained under the Ministry
of Justice authority.
Regulated professions in Italy 6
Nr.
Crt.
1
Conpetent authority
Professions
Ministero della Salute/ Ministry of Health
Direzione Generale Risorse Umane e
Professioni Sanitarie, Ufficio VII / The General
Human Resources and Sanitary Professions,
Office VII
Ministero della Salute/ Ministry of Health
Direzione Generale Risorse Umane e
Professioni Sanitarie, Ufficio IV / The General
Human Resources and Sanitary Professions,
Office IV
Medico / Medico Specialista; Odontoiatra; Farmacista; Farmacologia;
Veterinario; Psicologo; Psicoterapeuta; Igiene e medicina preventiva;
Igienista dentale; Infermiera pediatrica (incorporates vigilatrice
d'infanzia); Infermiere professionale; Infirmiere generico e ota;
Odontostomatologia;
Dietista; Fisioterapista; Massofioterapista; Infermiere; Logopedista;
Ostetrica; Ottico; Podologo; Tecnico audiometrista; Tecnico
audioprotesista; Tecnico della fisiopatologia cardiocircolatoria e
perfusione vascolare; Tecnico della prevenzione nell'ambiente e nei
luoghi di lavoro; Tecnico della riabilitazione psichiatrica; Tecnico di
neurofisiopatologia; Tecnico ortopedico; Tecnico di laboratorio
medico; Tecnico sanitario di laboratorio biomedico; Tecnico sanitario
di laboratorio; Tecnico sanitario di radiologia medica; Terapista della
neuro e psicomotricità dell'età evolutiva; Allergologia ed
immunologia clinica; Anatomia patologica; Anestesia e rianimazione;
Assistente sanitario; Basic medical training – Italy; Biochimica
clinica; Cardiologia; Chirurgia dell’apparato digerente; Chirurgia
generale; Chirurgia maxillo-facciale; Chirurgia pediatrica; Chirurgia
plastica e ricostruttiva; Chirurgia toracica; Cardiochirurgia; Chirurgia
vascolare; Dentista specialista (Chirurgia odontostomatologia);
Dentista specialista (Ortodonzia); Dermatologia e venerologia;
Ematologia;
Endocrinologia
e
malattie
del
ricambio;
Gastroenterologia; Genetica medica; Geriatria; Ginecologia e
ostetricia; Malattie dell'apparato respiratorio; Malattie infettive;
Massaggiatore e bagnino terapeutico/balneoterapista/idroterapista;
Medicina del lavoro; Medicina fisica e riabilitazione; Medicina
interna; Medicina nucleare; Medicina tropicale; Medico di medicina
generale; Microbiologia e virologia; Neurologia; Neuropsichiatria;
Neuropsichiatria infantile; Odontotecnico; Oftalmologia; Oncologia
medica; Operatore socio sanitario; Ortottista assistente di
oftalmologia; Otorinolaringoiatria; Patologia clinica; Psichiatria;
Puericultrice; Pédiatria; Radiodiagnostica; Radiologia; Radioterapia;
Reumatologia; Terapista della riabilitazione; Urologia;
Docente di scuola materna; Docente di scuola primaria; Docente di
scuola secondaria di I e II grado (inferiore e/o superiore); Personale
amministrativo, tecnico e ausiliario della scuola; Docente di istituti di
istruzione secondaria di I e II grado; Docente di scuola dell’infanzia;
Educatore professionale
2
3
Table 2.1
Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università
e della Ricerca - Dipartimento per
l'Istruzione/ Ministry of Education,
Universities and Research – Educational
Department
Direzione Generale Ordinamenti Scolastici,
Ufficio IX / General School Ordinance
Directorate, Office IX
6
Sursa:
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/regprof/index.cfm?action=regprofs&id_country=8&quid=1&mode=asc&maxRows=*#t
op
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Ministero della Giustizia / Ministerul
Justiţiei
Direzione Generale della Giustizia Civile/
General Directorate of Civil Justice
Dipartimento per gli Affari di Giustizia/
Department of the Justice Affairs
Settore Internazionale/ International Sector
Reparto II,- Ufficio III/ Departament II, Office
III
Ministero della Giustizia / Ministry of
Justice
Direzione Generale della Giustizia civile /
General Directorate of Civil Justice Libere
Professioni / Liberal professions
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell'Università e
della Ricerca / Ministry of Education,
Universities and Research – Educational
Department
Dipartimento Autonomia Universitaria/
Universitary auntonomy department
Ufficio IX / Office IX
Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico /
Ministerul Dezvoltării Economice/ Ministry
of Economy
Dipartimento per l’Impresa e
l’Internazionalizzazione/ Department of
Business and Internationalization
Direzione Generale per il mercato, la
concorrenza, il consumatore, la vigilanza e la
normativa tecnica / General Market
Department, Competition, Consumer,
Surveillance and Technical regulations
Divisione VI – Servizi e professioni/
DivisionVI – Services and professions
Ministero del Lavoro e delle Politiche
Sociali/ Ministerul Muncii şi politicii Sociale
Direzione Generale per le Politiche,
8
l’Orientamento e la Formazione - Div. I /
Policy, Guidance and Training General
department – Division I
Ministero delle Attività produttive / Ministry
of the Productive Activity
Direzione Generale per il Turismo / Toursim
general department ; Presidenza del Consiglio
dei Ministri/ Preşedenţia Consiliului de
9 Miniştri; Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo e la
Competitività del Turismo / The Tourism
Competitiveness and development department;
Ufficio I – Servizio relazioni comunitarie e
attività internazionale/ Office I – Community
Care Service and International activities
Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri/ The
Presidency of the Ministries Council
10
Ufficio per lo Sport / Sports Office
2007 - 2013
Agente di cambio; Agrotecnico; Assistente sociale /Assistente sociale
specialista; Asistente sociale junior; Attuario / Attuario junior;
Dottore commercialista ed esperto contabile; Chimico / Chimico
junior;Consulente del lavoro; Formatore dei mediatori; Mediatore
civile e commerciale;
Psicologo iunior; Avvocato; Avvocato patrocinante davanti alla corte di
cassazione; Biologo / Biologo junior; Dottore commercialista; Geometra e
Geometra laureato; Giornalista; Ingegnere civile ambientale /Ingegnere
civile ambientale junior; Ingegnere industriale / Ingegnere industriale
junior; Ingegnere dell'informazione / Ingegnere ell'informazione junior;
Perito agrario e Perito agrario laureato; Perito industriale e Perito
industriale laureato; Ragioniere, perito commerciale; Revisore contabile
3; Tecnologo alimentare; Dottore agronomo e Dottore forestale /
Agronomo e forestale / Zoonomo / Biotecnologo agrario; Geologo /
Geologo junior;
Architetto; Conservatore dei beni architettonici ed ambientali;
Enologo; Paesaggista; Pianificatore territoriale; Pianificatore iunior;
Ricercatore (nelle università e neglienti di ricerca); Architetto iunior;
Architetto (diritti acquisiti);
Impiantista (Installazione impianti elettrici; Installazione impianti
elettronici; Installazione impianti idraulici; Installazione impianti
termici; Installazione impianti di trasporto del gas; Installazione
impianti di sollevamento persone; Installazione impianti antincendio);
Attività di disinfestazione; Attività di derattizzazione; Attività di
sanificazione; Carrozzeria; Meccanica e motoristica; Elettrauto;
Gommista; Facchinaggio e movimentazione merci; Attività
commerciale; Somministrazione di alimenti e bevande; Ausiliari del
commercio (agente di commercio, agente di affari in mediazione,
spedizioniere, mediatore marittimo); Acconciatore; Autoriparatore;
Intermediari in materia del commercio all'ingrosso; Intermediario
nell'asquisito, vendita o nolo di navi; Stimatore e pesatore pubblico;
Consulente in proprietà industriale;
Estetista; Istituti di bellezza ed attivita' di manicure, massaggio
facciale;
Accompagnatore turistico; Direttore tecnico di agenzia viaggi e
turismo; Guida turistica;
Guida alpina; Maestro di sci; snowboard.
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12
13
14
15
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Direzione Generale per il Turismo / General
Department of Toursim
Ministero delle Attivita' Produttive /
Ministry of the Productive Activity
D.G. Sviluppo produttivo e competitività /
General Department of Product and
Competitive Development
Ministero delle Attivita' Produttive/ Ministry
D.G. per il commercio, le assiccurazioni e
servizi/ Commerce, Insurance and Services
general department
Direzione Generale per il Turismo/ General
Department of Toursim
Ministerio per i beni e attivita’ culturali/
Ministry of Cultural Goods and Activities
Ente Nazionale per l’Aviazione Civile –
ENAC/ National Authority of Civil Aviation
Other authorities
2007 - 2013
Acccompagnatore turistico
Acconciatore
Acquisto, vendita di merci in forma ambulante; Attivita’ disinfezione,
disinfestazione, derattizzazione e sanificazione
Agente di viaggio
Fabbricazione e riparazione di strumenti musicali; Gioelleria, taglio
delle pietre preziose
Controllore di volo
Abilitazione a funzione direttive; Commercialista ed esperto
contabile; Marittimi - inscrizione 3a categoria gente di mare; Ufficiale
di coperta; Ufficiale di macchina;
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2.3. The analysis of the regulated professions in Italy
This chapter is presented a summary analysis of regulated professions in Italy,
grouped by sectors of professions in the IMI system. The main differences to the approach of
Romania, as derived from legal regulations of the two countries and visit data directly known
from studies conducted by IMI PQ Romania team in Italy are highlighted. For an operative
identification of the competent authorities in this chapter are used their original names, the
Romanian translation is presented in Table 2.1.
2.3.1. Professions from architecture and construction sector
In this sector we find a few professions managed by the following competent
authorities::
1.
Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca: Architetto iunior/Junior
architect/
Arhitect
junior;
Architetto/Architect/Arhitect;
Architetto
(diritti
acquisiti)/Architect/Arhitect (drepturi dobandite); Pianificatore iunior/Planning and
regional development engineer/physical planner/Planificator junior; Pianificatore
territoriale/Planning and regional development engineer/physical planner/Planificator
teritorial, Inginer specializat în amenajarea teritoriului şi dezvoltare regională;
2.
Presidenza del Consiglio – Dipartimento per lo Sport: Paesaggista/Landscape
expert/Peisagist;
3.
Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico: Impiantista/Electrician / Senior electrician
/Specialised electrician/Electrician ;
4.
Ministero per i Beni Culturali - Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro:
Conservatore dei beni architettonici e ambientali/Architectural and environmental
curator/Conservator al patrimoniului arhitectural şi de mediu.
As in Romania, a civil engineer can perform some construction and architecture but
can not practice as an architect. In the electricians (impiantista) category, we can find
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electricians specialized in constructions. In paragraph 2.3.6 are presented details on the skills
certification of electricians.
Similar to the Order of Architects from Romania, in Italy
In Italy The Order of Architects, planners, landscape architects and conservators
(Ordine degli Architetti, Pianificatori, Paesaggisti e Conservatori) is the professional
organization that manages the professionals registry with right of pursuit of both the architect
profession and the urbanist (territorial planner) and restorer / conservator. The registry
contains two sections:
Section A: architecture, land planning, landscaping, preservation of architectural and
environmental goods. Professional titles: architect, territorial planner, landscaper,
conservator of the architectural and environmental patrimony.
Section B: architecture and planning. Professional titles: junior architect and junior
territorial planner.
2.3.2. Aviation sector professions
1. ENAC - National Authority of Civil Aviation (Ente Nazionale per l’Aviazione
Civile): Controllore di volo/Air traffic controller/Controlor trafic aerian;
In Italy, the principles governing the granting of a license are the following:

Italian Civil Aviation Authority stipulates in its regulation the requirements and
procedures for issuing, maintaining, suspension and revocation of license for air
traffic;

The grant of a license is conditioned by the promotion of theoretical and practical
tests designed to check the applicant's ability to perform activities of air traffic
controller. The tests aim to verify the experience, skills, professional knowledge and
linguistic knowledge within the programs approved by ENAC (National Civil
Aviation Authority in Italy) in accordance with Community legislation;;

Licences are issued by ENAC and are registered in a registry;;
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The license, the qualifications or the attestations may be suspended by ENAC in the
following cases: the violation of the laws and regulations regarding the air traffic
control, for serious or repeated negligence in fulfilling the air traffic controller
obligations and that compromised the safety of aircraft and, for other breaches of the
deontological norms.

The license can not be issued to those who were sentenced to prison more than five
years for premeditated crimes.
Under the regulation of 18th of June of 2008 prepared by the omanian Civil
Aeronautical Authority RCAR-LCTA containing the „Licensing of air traffic controllers”,
edition 1/2008 (published in Official Monitor 561 of 24th of July of 2008) in Romania the air
traffic controller training includes theoretical courses, exercises, including simulation
exercises and training in real traffic and must acquire and maintain the skills for providing air
traffic control services safe and high quality.
Although is doesn`t show up on the list of IMI regulated professions, in Italy there is a
series of other pprofessions from aviation domain, regulated de facto, which can be also
found in Romania:

Pilots and aircraft officers: control of air traffic, airline pilot, helicopter pilot, test
pilot, the pilot in command (civil aviation);;

Aircraft Technicians: flight motorman, flight engineer, aerospace technician;

Airport Traffic Technicians: air traffic, control tower traffic conductor, air traffic
assistant conductor, head of airport, flight dispatcher, control tower operator, airport
operator warning, flight expert assistance;

Flight instructiors: aeronautical pilot instructor, school flight instructor.
2.3.3. Professions from the beautification sector
Ministero delle Attivita' Produttive, D.G. Sviluppo Produttivo e Competitività:
Acconciatore/Hairdresser / Barber /Wig-maker/Coafor/Frizer/Peruchier;
1.
Ministerio de Lavoro e delle Politiche Sociali, Uff. Centrale Orientamento e
Formaz.Professionale: Estetista/Aesthetician/Cosmetician; Istituti di bellezza ed
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attivita' di manicure, massaggio facciale/Beauty care/Beauty parlour and manicurist
services/Facial massage/ Înfrumuseţare, manichiură, masaj facial;
2.
Ministero della Salute: Podologo/Chiropodist (podiatrist)/Pedichiurist.
From the professions listed above, the beautician (aestheticist) and the hairdressers
(aconciatore) are the most requested ones in Italy, by the Romanian citizens. In fact, for the
aesthetician profession, the most of the requests from the EU countries, are received from the
Romanian citizens. In 2010 there were 48 requests, in 2011 - 146, in 2012 – 2007, way above
the official data presented in Section 2.4., which shows that not all the applications are
processed through the IMI system. But for these two professions, there are also major
recognition problems due to the big differences between the trainings in Romania and in
Italy.
The most important difference is that in Romania, the beautician trains for one year
(1800 hours, but there are also older cases, with 500 hours), and in Italy, the training lasts for
3 years, hence the need for substantial compensatory measures. Besides the difference of
time, there is also a difference in the studied programs, in Italy an important aspect is the
equipment knowledge and skills, whose complexity increases exponentially. In the future, the
problem will get worse, because, today, in Italy is being discussesed a law project to move
from a 4 year training, to a 3 year basic training + 1 year training at work as self-employed
worker..
The Law no. 4/04.01.1990 from Italy regulates the aesthetician activity and
establishes the fact that trainings are organized by the regions in specialized schools. The
training is organized in regions, and th state has the aptness in which concerns the recognition
of the diplomas that are received from abroad – from EU Member States or non-EU
countries. The last norm that regulates the studied programs is a Ministerial Decree on the
use of electromechanical cosmetics. In Italy there has been great progress in this regard. The
aesthetician needs to know how to use these machines, because its inappropriate use can have
serious consequences for the health of the client.
All the applications requested in order to obtain the recognition of this qualification
can be accessed on the website of the Ministry of Labour 8. According to the Directive
7
8
Data obtained from the competent authorities after the visit in Italy
www.lavoro.gov.it
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2005/36/EC, on the recognition of the professional qualifications in one month after the
request is received, the Italian administration needs to confirm to the applicant if there are
any documents missing. Then, after the complete documentation is completed, there is a 3
months period to communicate the decision. It is given a final decision of acceptance or
rejection or an intermediate result regarding the recognition, after the completion of
compensatory measures. If the person if the person is from Romania, it is being discussed if h
needs to pass a skills exam (2 – 3 disciplines) or an adaptation period (usually 3 months). The
subjects for the exam result after comparing the training from Romania with the one from
Italy.
A similar situation regarding the differences on the number of hours can be found in
the the hairdresser profession (acconciatore).
2.3.4. Professions from the catering and food sector
1.
Ministero della Giustizia, Direzione Generale della Giustizia Civile, Libere
Professioni: Tecnologo alimentare/Food technologist/Tehnolog alimentar.
In Italy there is only one regulated profession in the catering and food sector, Food
technologist, the competent authority is the Ministero della Giustizia, Direzione Generale
della Giustizia Civile, Libere Professioni. The recognition as per the Directive 2005/36/EC, is
done unde the general system of recognition, and the skill level requires a certificate,
attesting that the secondary education was achieved.
2.3.5. Professions from the education and training sector
1.
Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca: Docente di istituti di
istruzione secondaria di I e II grado/Secondary school teacher/Profesor de învăţământ
secundar de gradul I şi II; Docente di scuola dell’infanzia/Kindergarten teacher/
Nursery school teacher/Preparatory school teacher/ Profesor de grădiniţă; Docente di
scuola primaria/Primary school teacher/Profesor de şcoală primară; Educatore
profesionale/Child care worker/ Educatoare; Ricercatore universitario/Research fellow/
Research associate/Lector universitar;
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In Italy, the quality assurance and the accreditation in the higher education is assured
by the Agenzia Nazionale di valutazione del Sistema Universitario de e della Ricerca –
ANVUR (similar to the Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education ARACIS in Romania) which is responsible for determinaning the general criteria for
evaluation of universities, promoting, testing and dissemination of evaluation methodologies.
Another important task for the agency is to define criterias and the methodologies for the
harmonization of the evaluating procedures, that are being done by evaluating units, inside
the universities. ANVUR works on an evaluation and accreditation system that will be
applied nationally. Information regarding the recognition of the higher education studies and
of the qualifications are availale on the CIMEA website - Centro di Informazione Sulla
Mobilità e le Equivalenze Accademiche, Fondazione. CIMEA is also tasked with the mission
to promote the international mobility of students. To find out if a program is recognized
nationally, this website can be accessed9 and the search is done by entering the name of the
studying level and the name of the institution.
Information regarding the recognition of the higher education programs in the arts
domain are available on the website of the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research
(MIUR).
To check if an art or music program inside a higher education institution is
recognized, the website http://universo.miur.it/cerca_afam.html can be accessed and the name
of the institution can be searched. For the recogniztion qualification of the teaching
profession, after Romania joined the EU, the recognition can be done based on the license
diploma, under which it can be done the framing of the educational system.
There are recognition difficulties of th teacher’s diplomas from the special schools
from Romania, because, in Italy, there are no special schools. Also, there are difficulties in
the recognition of the teacher’s diplomas, that in Romania have attended the courses of a
pedagogical school (5 years), because in Italy for these professions, a higher education is
required. For the one who are attending the classes as per the new law, there will not be any
problems, because higher education is requested in Romania too. But the ones who have
attended the old system, there will still be recognition problems.
9
http://offf.cineca.it/pubblico.php/ricerca/show_form/ p/cercauniv
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In Italy, it is very important to follow the terms of the Directive 2005/36/EC, on the
professional qualification recognition (4 months). There may be longer terms if the
documentation is not completed, but the procedure is retaken after its completion. According
to the Law 249 on transparency, a citizen must know in maximum 30 days from submitting
his request, if his fil is completed. The recognition process is centralized nationally, and the
appeal is usually centralized, but it can be done by the local judicial authorities. In the last
year, the number of recognition requests for some qualifications in the educational sector,
originated in Romania, is increasing.
Table 2.2 presents the comparision between the competent authorities involved in the
management of educational professions, in Romania and Italy.
Table 2.2
Education
Italy
Romania
ANVUR - Agenzia Nazionale di valutazione del
ARACIS - Romanian Agency for the Quality
Sistema Universitario de e della Ricerca
Assurance in Higher Education, www.aracis.ro
CIMEA - Centro di Informazione Sulla Mobilità
CNRED – National Centre for Equivalence and
e le Equivalenze Accademiche, Fondazione
Recognition of Diplomas
MIUR - Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università
MEN – Ministry of National Education
e della Ricerca
2.3.6. Professions in the engineering domain and other technical professions
1.
Ministero della Giustizia, Direzione Generale della Giustizia Civile, Libere
Professioni: Ingegnere civile e ambientale iunior/Civil and environmental
engineer/Inginer
civil
şi
protecţia
mediului,
junior;
Ingegnere
civile
ed
ambientale/Engineer/Civil and environmental engineer/Inginer civil şi protectia
mediului; Ingegnere dell'informazione/Information systems practitioner/Inginer
sisteme de informare; Ingegnere dell'informazione iunior/Information systems
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practitioner/Inginer de sisteme de informare junior;
Ingegnere industriale
iunior/Industrial engineer/Inginer industrial junior; Ingeniere industriale/Industrial
engineer/Inginer industrial; Perito industriale/Industrial engineer/Expert industrial;
2.
Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico: Autoriparatore/Car mechanic/Mecanic auto.
For traditional and historical reasons, described at the beginning of the section 2.2, in
Italy, a wide range of professions in engineering and other technical professions are
administered by the Ministry of Justice. In Italy, the engineering profession is a regulated
one, but not all the graduates from a technical institution receive the engineer title. In
Romania, the engineering profession is not regulated, but the formation is. The person
follows study classes of at least 4 years, followed by a license exam.
An important difference towards Romania is the fact that, in Italy, the Autorita per
L’Energia Elettrica e il Gas - AEEG (similar to the National Regulatory Authority in the
Energy domain - NARE in Romania) has no powers of competent authority on training and /
or qualification recognition, but only on the energy market regulation. The professions that in
Romania are managed by NARE (the electricity and gas domains) are regulated in Italy by
other ministries, primarily, the Ministry of Economic Development (table 2.3).
Table 2.3
Energy and Gas
Italy - Autorita per L’Energia Elettrica e il Gas (AEEG)
- Only regulatory attributions on the enery market;
- No kind of competent authority attributions regarding the
training and/or the recognition of certain qualifications
 Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico, Ministero
Giustizia
Romania – NARE
- Tasks of the competent authority on training and / or
recognition of qualifications
- Authorized plumber for the design, construction and /
or operation objectives / natural gas systems
- Electricians to design, construct, verify and operate
electric power system installations
Another majordifference is for the professions that in Romania are administered by
ISCIR (welders, crane operators, nondestructive testing, boiler operators), but in Italy they
obey to regional and firm-level regulations (table 2.4).
Table 2.4
Under-pressure systems and lifting installations
Italy
Regional and firm-level regulations  Ministero dello
Sviluppo Economico, Ministero Giustizia
Romania
ISCIR - State Inspection for Control of Boilers, Pressure
Vessels and Hoisting
Stoker, crane, operator NDT, welders etc.
In Italy the Ministry of Economic Development (Ministero dello Sviluppo
Economico) deals with:
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
Technical standards at EU and national level;

Provides support for all the necessary activities of the responses to applications for
recognition;

The procedure for registration in the Trade Register;

Check the requirements for the development of installations;

Recognition of Qualifications concerning installations, car repairs and cleaning;

Recognition titles for hairdressing profession.
The professions under the categories Installazione impianti elettrici/ Electrical systems
installers; Installazione impianti idraulici/ Hydraulics plumbers; Installazione impianti
termici/ Thermal systems plumbers; Installazione impianti di trasporto del gas/ Gas
transmission systems plumbers; etc. are responsible for the overall technical occupation, that
must be binding in any company. The CEI 11-27 norm regulates the nomination of the
persons responsible (il Responsabile dell’Impianto - RI, Preposto ai Lavori - PL). For
example, every hair or cosmetics salon in Italy, there must be a technical manager. Technical
Officer Qualification Hair Stylist is released in Italy by the region, based on training, courses
or extra practice. Training can be of different durations, depending on how much time the
person has been working in the field. It is taken into account the skills acquired in informal
and non - formal framework and longer courses are organized for people who have no
experience. At the end, an exam is sustained, after which the person is entitled. A document
that will prove the skills gained will be issued by the regional authority, and with this
document, the person can open a salon autonomously, can have employees, can work
independently or work as an employee in a salon.
In Italy, the CEI 11-27 Norm presents the method of naming of the person responsible
with the electrical installation (il Responsabile dell’Impianto - RI) and of the person
responsible with leading the work activity (il Preposto ai Lavori - PL), who have established
specific roles and responsibilities, and also the conditions of formation of 'superiors' and
'supervisors' in this area, owners of plant and workers, including occupational safety rules.
Training involves the following curriculum:
-
Legislative acts and regulations on electrical safety;
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The CEI EN 50110-1 Norm - ”Making Electrical installation ” and CEI 11-27 Norm –
“Electrical installation work”:

Professional profiles of electricians ;

Criteria for the award of the expert qualifications (PES - Persona ESperta), approved
person (PAV - Persona Avertita), and establish the ability to work under pressure, case
studies;

The way of determining the person responsible for carrying out electrical installation (il
Responsabile dell’Impianto - RI) and the person responsible for directing the work
activity (il Preposto ai Lavori - PL) – defining of such tasks, roles and operational
responsibilities;

General principles of safe performance of electrical work;

Planning electrical work: work plan, action plan, deliver work;

Working procedures for high tension electrical work, near high tensions installations
and disconnected from the power plant;

High tension non-electrical work (electrical work related), near the high tension
plants and decoupled from power plants;
-
Temporary and mobile electrical work;
-
Risk assessment power under Decree 81/2008;
-
Final evaluation test.
Training is provided by certified trainers, able to provide theoretical and practical
training. The teachers are experts with experience in design, maintenance and verification of
electrical installations, electrical engineering graduates, graduates of special courses
"Formare Formatori” and registered in the electrical registers.
The CEI 11-27 Norm divides the specialists in the electrical instalation domain, and the
training courses, in four categories, as follows: 1A, 2A, 1B şi 2B. Levels 1A and 2A are
dedicated to the responsibles with the development of the installations and managing of
works and have the programs mentioned above. For levels 1B and 2B, dedicated to operators,
the curricula, in accordance with CEI 11-27, is as follows:
Level 1 B – knowledge and operating skills (training and proper understanding of a work plan
and a contingency plan, define, identify, delimit the working area and the area of intervention,
the introduction of insulation and protection, location of equipment and devices, grounding and
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short circuit, check the voltage and safety ground binding, assessment of environmental
conditions, knowledge of first aid)
Level 2 B - knowledge of the techniques work under pressure:

Organizational experience: preparing the work, risk prevention, transmission or
exchange of information between individuals in the team, assuming specific roles.

Specific experience for the type of activity for which the person must be eligible:
workplace analysis, equipment selection, definition, identification and delineation of the
workplace, protecting parties under high voltage training, mastery of operational
sequences for execution of work.
Exercises and practical tests: replacing a device under high voltage protection, for
household and similar panels, replacing the voltage of a protective device for industrial use
etc
The final evaluation of participants is based on theoretical and practical tests exam.
In Romania, for the electricians that design, construct, verify and operate electrical
power system installations, the competent authority is NARE – National Regulatory
Authority in the Energy domain, being authorized based on the Ord. 11 /2013- “Approval of
the regulation for authorization of electricians, checkers projects, technic responsible with
execution, like as a technical experts of quality and extrajudicial in electrical installation
area”, published in the Official Gazette nr.152/21.03.2013. For the four professional
categories, the order establishes the authorization procedure and upgrading to a superior or
different degree/type, based on an examination, for the procedures for organizing and
conducting the examination of authorization, re-authorization procedure for electricians who
hold or have held the identity card issued by the competent authority, powers, rights and
obligations of authorized and conditions of suspension or withdrawal of authorization,
namely sanctions, both for individuals and for the Romanian foreign requesting authorization
to conduct business in Romania.
The professional categories are related to the ones in Italy. Besides, there were no
reported problems on recognition in this area between the two countries. Thus, in Romania,
the certified electricians to design / execute / verify the electrical installations connected to
SEN may require, where appropriate, the following degrees of authorization: I, II, III and IV.
For each of th II, III and IV grades, there are defined two types of authorization: authorization
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type for electrical installation design and certification of type B for execution of electrical
installations.
For grade I there are not 2 types of authorization, based on the qualification level
mentioned at art 24 from the Regulated - vocational school or training course; these
qualifications entitling them to work only in execution under the direction of licensed
electricians level IIB, IIIB or IVB.
The authorities also permit, depending on the type and degree, the following
competencies:
-
Degree I for execution - sub coordination or supervision authorized electricians of
degree IIB, IIIB or IVB - a some parts from casing of the electrical installations, at a
nominal voltage less than 1kV;
-
Degree IIA, for electrical installation design with any realizable technic instalate
powerand at a nominal tension less than 1 kV;
-
Degree IIB, for electrical installations execution with any realizable technic installed
power and at a nominal tension less than 1 kV;
-
Degree IIIA, for electrical installations design with any realizable technic installed
power and at a nominal tension of maximum 20 kV;
-
Degree IIIB, for electrical installation design with any realizable technic instalate
powerand at a nominal tension less than 20 kV;
-
Degree IVA,for electrical installations design with any realizable technic installed
power and at any standardized nominal tension;
-
Degree IVB,for electrical installations execution, with any realizable technic installed
power and at any standardized nominal tension.
The Regulation approved by the Order 11/2013 sets out in detail the procedure for
approval and renewal conditions and the conduct of examinations, tests, examination.
Certified electricians have the right to pursue activities in accordance with the
competences of the degree and type approval, as follows:
A. As authorized individual, sole proprietorship or a member of a family business (only
the II, III and IV grades);
B. As an employee of an economical operator, operating on the basis of certificates
issued by the competent authority;
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C. As an employee of a network operator;
D. As an employee of an operator, having a producer or consumer of electricity quality,
industrial or similar.
Unlike the situation in Romania, in which ISCIR is the competent authority
responsible with the supervision of some installations (boilers, installation of high pressure
devices), in Italy there is a law that indicates a wide variety of possibilities of interventions.
The clients are forced to assign these activities to an individual or a judicial person. For
example, the technical verification of the lift is performed by a Notified Organization,
according to Directive 2005/36/EC. These are authorized organizations, in particular N
17020, who have professionists – 5 years engineers (seniors). The engineering title in Italy
can be owned by a licensed person, who has sustained an examination and is registered in the
order of engineers. It is not enough to have a license in engineering. There organizations,
recognized at the Community level, together with the competent authorities from Italy, can
make the periodical verifications, established by the law: ordinary (at 2 years) or
extraordinary (when the the lift or an equivalent, lifting equipment and so on, are the subject
to significant changes or had incidents). These organizations can evaluate other lifting
systems (which amounts to over 2 m).
In Italy there are authorizations regarding crane operators, welders, which are issued
by the state or state companies authorized to do so. There is an office of the Ministry of
Labour and Social Policy, dealing with these aspects. For the GPL technicians (GPL
operators) there is a GPL Professional Technical Committee, which includes the trade unions
and employers, recognized by the national decree 8108/2008 (single text on the occupational
safety) conducting courses and issuing patents. The patents are considered to be a
qualification title for the practice of this activity. Related to welders, the qualified experts are
certified by a state organization called ISPESL (National Institute for Labor Security
Assurance).
For the ones who are working with lifts, before the appearence of the European
Directives, there was a special office belonging to the Intrnal Ministry, that gave the
qualification of the lift maintener and other similar qualifications. For the lifting of the
equipments, there is an international organization in the UK, with offices in several European
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countries, called IPAF10 (International Powered Access Federation). This association is
recognized by different Member States to issue permits with specific program for mobile
platforms high. The title is recognized by the Italian Ministry of Labour as IPAF is
recognized as an association.
In Italy, the engineer title is different than the similar one in Romania. For example,
there is no profession such as engineering welder in Italy. There are two types of engineers
and a category called Expert (Perito) industries that do engineering work. Engineering work
is equated with the engineering. Duration for expert (Perito) is 5 years industrial school.
Junior Engineer title is obtained after a course of higher education three years, followed by
registration with the Junior Engineer and the Senior Engineer requires higher education 3
years + 2 years and other state exam in order to sign senior engineer. Differences between
Italian law and the law of Romania appear regarding auto mechanic profession. Since
Directive 2005/36/EC refers only to the recognition of qualifications concerning regulated
professions in Italy the Directive auto repair companies (there are several types of
qualifications under the same umbrella – mechanical, tinsmith, vulcanization operator, auto
electrician). Here, the company must have a technical supervisor who meets the professional
requirements. When the person with qualifications acquired abroad seeking recognition to
work on their own or to be a technical manager in a company, they need to check what
materials did and what is required in Italy.
The authorizations extension for such different professions is made in accordance
with regulations established at regional level.
2.3.7. Professions from the financial sector
1.
Ministero della Giustizia, Direzione Generale della Giustizia Civile, Dipartimento per
gli Affari di Giustizia: Attuario/Actuary/Actuar; Attuario iunior/Actuary/Actuar
junior; Consulente del lavoro/Company technical consultant/Consultant tehnic;
2.
Ministero della Giustizia, Direzione Generale della Giustizia civile, Libere
Professioni: Dottore commercialista/Tax advisor/accountant/Expert contabil;
Ragioniere, perito commerciale/Tax advisor/accountant/Contabil, Expert comercial;
10
http://www.ipaf.org/
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Revisore contabile/Accountant/Auditor/Revizor contabil; Commercialista ed esperto
contabile/Accountant/Auditor/Auditor şi expert contabil.
It can be noticed that both Italy and Romania have two professions falling under the
generic title of "Tax adviser / accountant" in Italy we find "Dottore commercialista" and
"Ragioniere, perito commerciale" and in Romania "tax consultant" and "Chartered
Accountant ". "Dottore commercialista" is equivalent to the chartered accountant, while the
tax consultant in Italy does not exist as distinctive profession, not even among the reserved
activities not included the accounting profession tax advice.
The legal profession Avvocato (under the generic title "Lawyer / Barrister / Solicitor"
in the IMI system) has reserved the activity of representation before the administrative
authorities including tax aspects (non-exclusive reservation), but not the tax advisory work.
Profession "Ragioniere, perito commerciale" might translate into novel "Accountant trade
expert" and can be compared with the profession of Chartered Accountants in Romania
because it is lower than the "dottore commercialista". Prior to 1997, the profession could
have been accessed by the graduates of technical institutes enterprise economy trade and
professional institutes (higher professional education), after a 3 year internship in accounting.
Since 1997, access to this profession was conditioned by the graduation of the enterprise
economy or law or political science or university. Since 2004, this profession was classified
in the group of unified "Dottori commecrialisti ed espert accountants" except that "dottore
commercialista" magistrate's degree (graduate classes from 64 / s to 84 / s) and "ragioniere"
"perito commerciale "is a graduate of the class of 17-28 vocational education and training in
Italy.
Under the generic title "Accountant / auditor", Romania registered the authorized
accountant (which is also accessible to graduates of secondary education, the title being
lower than the of Chartered Accountant), while Italy scored profession "Revisore accounting"
which is reserved for auditing activities, being equivalent to the financial auditor profession
in Romania, but IMI registered under the generic name "Company auditor."
The actuarial profession is regulated in Italy, is found under different names in
Romania - the COR are the occupations of actuarial advisor, expert actuary, actuarial
specialist inspector, reviewer expert actuary, actuary (higher education) in the core group in
2120, mathematicians , actuaries and statisticians and actuary in 3314 based group, specialists
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statisticians, mathematicians and other associate professionals. There Actuaries Association
from Romania (ARA), one of the associations insurance professional who is also co-founder
of the Institute of Insurance and Pensions (IAP), but the actuarial profession is not listed as a
regulated profession in Law 200/2004, in the law Romanian by taking on the reference to
insurance as covered by sectoral directives of Directive 2005/36/EC.
Recognition processes for regulated professions of accounting and financial audit
based on international standards and EU are regulated by sectoral directives.
2.3.8. Professions in medical sector
1.
Ministero
della
Salute:
si
Medicine/Alergie
Allergologia
imunologie
immunologia
clinică;
patologică;
Medicine/Anatonomie
ed
Anatomia
Anestesia
e
clinica/Doctor
of
patologica/Doctor
of
rianimazione/Doctor
of
Medicine/Anestezie si reanimare; Assistente sanitario/Second level nurse/Asistent
medical; Basic medical training – Italy/Doctor of Medicine/Formare medicala de
bază-
Italia;
Biochimica
clinica/Doctor
of
Medicine/Biochimie
Clinică;
Cardiologia/Doctor of Medicine/Cardiolog ; Chirurgia dell’apparato digerente/Doctor
of
Medicine/Chirurgie
aparat
digestiv;
Medicine/Chirurgie
generală;
Medicine/Chirurgie
maxilo-facială;
Medicine/Chirurgie
pediatrică;
Medicine/Chirurgie
plastică
Cardiochirurgia/Doctor
of
Chirurgia
Chirurgia
si
maxillo-facciale/Doctor
Chirurgia
Chirurgia
plastica
e
reconstrucţie;
Medicine/Chirurgie
generale/Doctor
of
of
pediatrica/Doctor
of
ricostruttiva/Doctor
of
Chirurgia
toracică;
toracica;
Cardio-chirurgie;
Chirurgia vascolare/Doctor of Medicine/Chirurgie vasculară; Dentista specialista
(Chirurgia
odontostomatologia)/Dental
Practitioner/Stomatolog
(chirurgie
stomatologică); Dentista specialista (Ortodonzia)/Dental Practitioner/Stomatolog
(Ortodonţie); Dermatologia e venerologia/Doctor of Medicine/Dermatologie şi
venerologie; Ematologia/Doctor of Medicine/Hematologie; Endocrinologia e malattie
del
ricambio/Doctor
of
Medicine/Endocrinologie
si
boli
metabolice;
Farmacista/Pharmacist/Farmacist ; Farmacologia/Doctor of Medicine/Farmacolog;
Gastroenterologia/Doctor of Medicine/Gastroentorologie; Genetica medica/Doctor of
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Medicine/Genetică medicală; Geriatria/Doctor of Medicine/Geriatrie ; Ginecologia e
ostetricia/Doctor of Medicine/Ginecologie şi obstetrică; Igiene e medicina
preventiva/Doctor
of
Medicine/Igienă
si
medicină
preventivă;
Igienista
dentale/Dental hygienist/Igienist dentar ; Infermiera pediatrica (incorporates
vigilatrice d'infanzia)/ Nurse/Asistentă medicală pediatrică; Infermiere professionale
/Nurse/Asistentă medicală ; Infirmiere generico e ota/Second level nurse/Asistentă
medicală de nivel 2; Malattie dell'apparato respiratorio/Doctor of Medicine/Boli ale
aparatului respirator; Malattie infettive/Doctor of Medicine/Boli infecţioase;
Massaggiatore e bagnino terapeutico/balneoterapista/idroterapista/ Masseur/Massage
therapist/Spa
therapist/Masseur-Aesthetician/
Maseur
/
balneoterapeut/
hidroterapeut; Medicina del lavoro/Doctor of Medicine /Medicina muncii; Medicina
fisica e riabilitazione/Doctor of Medicine/Medicină fizică şi recuperare; Medicina
interna/Doctor of Medicine/Medicină internă; Medicina nucleare/Doctor of
Medicine/Medicină nucleară; Medicina tropicale/Doctor of Medicine/Medicină
tropicală; Medico di medicina generale /Doctor of Medicine/Doctor medicină
generală; Microbiologia e virologia/Doctor of Medicine/Microbiologie şi virusologie;
Neurologia/Doctor
of
Medicine/Neurologie;
Medicine/Neuropsihiatrie;
Neuropsichiatria/Doctor
Neuropsichiatria
infantile/Doctor
of
of
Medicine/Neuropsihiatrie infantilă; Odontoiatra/Dental practitioner /Practician
dentar;
Odontostomatologia/Doctor
Odontotecnico/Dental
technician/Tehnician
of
Medicine/Stomatologie
dentar
;
Oftalmologia/Doctor
;
of
Medicine/Oftalmologie ; Oncologia medica/Doctor of Medicine/Medic oncolog ;
Operatore socio sanitario/Health Care Worker/Operator socio-medical; Ortottista
assistente
di
oftalmologia/Orthoptist/Asistent
optician
ortoptist;
Ostetrica
/Midwife/Moaşă ; Otorinolaringoiatria/Doctor of Medicine/Otorinolaringologie ;
Ottico/Optician (Dispensing optician)/Optician ; Patologia clinica/Doctor of
clinică;
Medicine/Patologie
Psichiatria/Doctor
of
Medicine/Psihiatrie
;
Psicologo/Psychologist/Psiholog ; Puericultrice/Nursery nurse/Asistent puericultură;
Pédiatria/Doctor
of
Medicine/Radiografie
Medicine/Pediatrie
;
Radiologia/Doctor
;
Radiodiagnostica/Doctor
of
Medicine/Radiologie
of
;
Radioterapia/Doctor of Medicine/Radioterapie ; Reumatologia/Doctor of Medicine
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/Reumatologie ; Tecnico audioprotesista/Hearing aid dispenser / audiometric
technician/Tehnician
audioprotezist;
Tecnico
di
laboratorio
medico/Medical/Biomedical laboratory technician/Tehnician de laborator medical ;
Tecnico ortopedico/Prosthetist and orthotist / Orthopaedic technician /Surgical trussmaker/Protezist/Ortezist/Tehnician
ortoped/Bandajist;
Tecnico
sanitario
di
laboratorio /Medical/Biomedical laboratory technician/Tehnician medical laborator;
Tecnico sanitario di laboratorio biomedico/
Medical/Biomedical
laboratory
technician/Tehnician medical laborator biomedical; Tecnico sanitario di radiologia
medica/Radiographer
/
Radiotherapist/Tehnician
medical
de
radiologie
;
Urologia/Doctor of Medicine/Urologie ;
2.
Professioni:
3.
Psicologo iunior/Psychologist/Psiholog junior ;
Ministero della Salute - Direzione Generale Risorse Umane e Professioni Sanitarie:
Dietista/dietologoDietician/Dietetician ;
4.
Ministero
delle
Attività
Produttive,
Direzione
Generale
per
il
Turismo:
Nefrologia/Doctor of Medicine/Nefrologie;
5.
Ministero
delle
Infrastrutture
e
dei
Trasporti:
Neurochirurgia/Doctor
of
Medicine/Neurochirurgie;
6.
Ministero delle Attivita' Produttive, D.G. per il Commercio, le Assiccurazioni e
Servizi: Ortopedia e traumatologia/Doctor of Medicine/Ortopedie şi traumatologie.
In the medical sector we encounter the largest number of regulated professions, both
in Romania and also in Italy. The italian state recognizes certain qualifiications from medical
field, based on a study diploma for the prophylactic, diagnosis, care and rehabilitation
activities pursuit. Certain medical professions are organized in Orders and Colleges that have
headquarters in each province from the national territory:

Provincial Order of Medical Surgeons and Dental Practitioners11;

Provincial Order of pharmacists12;

Provincial College of professional care nurses13;

Provincial College of medical radiology sanitary technicians14.
11
portale.fnomceo.it/Jcmsfnomceo/Jsezione.jsp?lingua=It&idsezione=93
fofi.edraspa.it/cont/istituzionale/elenco_ordini/0610/1300/?f=2
13
www.ipasvi.it/chisiamo/Collegi/Collegi.asp
12
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In Italy, the medical professions pursuit is allowed to the ones that have a diploma
obtained abroad, previouslly regonized by the Italy`s Ministry of Health and registered in the
respective Professional Registry. Those who wants to pursue in Italy another medical activity
must address to ministry of Health, for the issuance of a compliance certificate of the studies
did abroad, in accordance with the features provided by the professional guidelines and
subsequently to aply for the respective professional college.
The diplomas obtained by the Community and extra-Community citizens, approved
for recognition, are the ones related to the following professions: pharmacist, surgeon/
specialist doctor, dental practitioner, veterinarian, nurse, midwife, nurse, pediatrical nurse,
podiatrist, physiotherapist, speech therapist, ophthalmologist nurse, therapist neuro /
psihomotric of old age, psychiatric rehabilitation technician, occupational therapist,
professional audiometer technician, medical laboratory technician biomedical, medical
radiology medical technician, neurophysio-pathology technician, orthopedic technician, audio
prosthetic technician, technician of the pathophysiology of cardiocirculatory and perfusion,
cardiovascular, dental hygienist, nutritionist, environmental technician at work, health care,
hydrotherapy massage therapist for bases, optician, dental technician, child carers, social and
health operator.
The recognition procedure of the diplomas issued in Romania to the romanian citizens
that intend to pursue their activity in a permanent manner in Italy, depends on the person`s
profession
Also, the authority that issues the recognition document of such a diploma depends on
the profession.
Although the differences are very small in terms of file and type of application
content that must be submitted to the Ministry of Health foor recognition, there are four large
situation categories:

The recognition of surgeon, physician, veterinarian, pharmacist, dental practitioner
obtained in Romania
14

The recognition of doctor in general medicine diploma obtained in Romania

The recognition of nurse and midwife diploma obtained in Romania

The recognition of the other qualifications from medical domain
www.tsrm.org/elencocollegi.html
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The Directives regarding the surgeon, veterinarian, pharmacist, dental practitioner,
nurse profession also stipulate the possibility, for the EU citizens, of achieving temporary or
occasionally professional activities, without being obligated to register in the italian
professional registry. For obtaining the diploma`s recognition with the purpose of being a
freelancer in Italy, a standard application must be submitted to the Ministry of Health,
accompanied by the following documents:

Copy of a valid identity documen;

The authenticated copy of the diploma

The issued certificate by the competent authority of the state of origin or provenance
from which results that the applicant legally pursues the respective profession in the
stat. This document must have been issued maximum 12 months before the date of
the present submitted application;

Compliance certificate, based on the Community legislation regarding the specialization
title and the minimum training criteria, issued by the competent authority with the
country where the diploma was obtained;

The justifying motivation of the provisions;

Photocopies of all documents listed;

List of all documents submitted, signed by the applicant;

Authenticated empowerment, if the documents are not submitted by the applicant;

Declaration
containing
the
coordinates
for
the
professional
risk
(pentru
specializations: surgeon, specialized doctor, veterinarian, dental practitioner).
2.3.9. Professions from land transporation sector
1.
Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico: Attivita' di facchinaggio/Forwarding agent /
Haulage services/Agent expediţie/Servicii de transport.
Within the IMI system we encounter a single regulated profession regarding the land
transportation domain. In Italy, the land transporation is included in a wide range named
„Transportation, warehousing and communications” that include the land transportaion,
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pipelines transportation, inland waters maritime transportation, air transportation, additional
and auxiliary activities of the tourism agencies, postal services and telecommunications.
2.3.10. Professions from the legal sector
1.
Professioni: Avvocato/Lawyer/Barrister/Solicitor/Avocat; Avvocato patrocinante
davanti alla corte di cassazione/Appeal court barrister/Avocat Curtea de Apel;
2.
Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico, L'Ordine dei Consulenti in Proprietà
Industriale: Consulente in proprietà industriale/Patent Agent / Trademark
agent/Consilier în proprietate industrială.
The regulated professions in Italy, mentioned above, are less than the ones regulated
in Romania in this sector within we encounter: Lawyer, authorized translator/ interpreter,
insolvency practitioner, fireworks pyr, private detective, the legal advisor, probation officer,
security guard, access control, order and intervention
In the legal sector there are qualification recongition requirements for the lawyer
qualification in Italy, from some romanian citizens that were rejected because they were not
members of the National Union of the Bars from Romania but of others organizations notrecognized by the law.
The training of the lawyers and the access conditions to the profession are similar in
Italy and in Romania. The lawyer profession has an independent character.
Legal advisors have, according to the law either civil servant status or subordinates.
Legal advisor profession does not meet the defining elements to be considered an
independent activity.
2.3.11. Professions in the maritime activity
In the maritime activity sector we encounter a small number of regulated professions
that can be grouped on competent authorities as per below:
1.
Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico: Intermediario nell'asquisito, vendita o nolo
di navi/Intermediary for purchase/sale/hire of vessels/Intermediar achiziţie, vânzare
sau închiriere de nave; Mediatore marittimo/Maritime mediator/Mediator maritim;
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Marittimi - inscrizione 3a categoria gente di mare/Ship's Deck officer class 1
merchant marine/Maritim– înscriere navigatori categoria a-3a ;
2.
Other authorities: Ufficiale di coperta/Ship's Deck officer class I/Ofiţer de punte;
Ufficiale di macchina / Marine engineering officer class I/ Ofiţer de marină de rangul
I
2.3.12. Professions from mining sector
InItaly, in the IMI system, there are no regulated professions in the mining sector.
However, there are trainers in the mining domain that are in charge with the staff preparation
fo certain specific professions, with high dregree of danger, as for example, the ones that
involve the use of explosives.
2.3.13. Professions from the social assistance and therapy sector
1.
gli Affari di Giustizia: Assistente sociale/Social worker/Asistent social; Assistente
sociale specialista/Social worker/Asistent socialspecialist;
2.
Ministero della Salute: Fisioterapista /Physiotherapist/Fiziokinetoterapeut ;
Logopedista/Speech and language therapist/Ortofonist / Logoped ; Terapista della
riabilitazione/Physiotherapist/Fizioterapeut ; Terapista neuropsicimotricita
dell'eta evolutiva/Psychomotor therapist/Terapeut psihomotor; Terapista
occupazionale/ergoterapista/Occupational therapist/Terapeut ocupaţional /
Ergoterapeut;
In Italy there are not regulated the professions of maternal professionist nurse and
sign language interpreter, while in Romania these are regulated. However, in Italy, the
ministry of Labor has since 1994 an order and a registry regarding the blind masseurs,
established by national law, kept by the Service for labor, a relatively new division. To this
general Direction, taking into consideration that a new legislation that replaced this masseur
profession with the physiotherapist one, there are some modifications in progress.
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The physiotherapist profession is of Ministry of Health`s competence. In the last years
in both countries, disability issues have been considered as the competence of the Ministry of
Health, although the problem is primarily a social aspect. At EU level this approach is
accepted and it is trying to separate medical problems that promotes the medical model
approach.
2.3.14. Professions from the tourism, leisure and sports sector
1.
Ministero
delle
Acccompagnatore
Attività
Produttive,
Direzione
Generale
turistico/Courier/Interpreter-guide/
per
Însoţitor
il
grup
Turismo:
turistic;
Agente di viaggio/Travel agent/Agent de turism;
2.
Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo e la Competitività
del Turismo: Direttore tecnico di agenzia di viaggi e turismo/Travel agency
Manager/Manager agenţie de turism;
3.
Presidenza del Consiglio – Dipartimento per lo Sport: Guida Alpina/Schi and/ or
mountain/ canyon guide/ mountain leader/Ghid montan; Maestro di sci/Ski
instructor/Monitor de schi.
The toursim department in Italy (Ministero delle Attività produttive, Direzione
Generale per il Turismo) was restructured and now there is one office that handles tourism
national policies, Community relations and the relations with national agencies (Association
of mountaineers, the automobile association, etc.). There are insitutions relations with EU
from which suggestions, initiatives for tourism result. In Italy there is a big accent put on
sustainable tourism on the natural and cultural heritage and relationship with the World
Tourism Organization in Madrid - permanent secretariat for implementation of the Code of
Ethics in Tourism. In this context appeared Adriatic Ionian Initiative developed - bilateral
agreements with other countries and federations of Tourism;
The main tourism professions are regulated in Italy: Travel Guide, Travel
Companion, Travel Technical Director and Animator. In Italy travel guide has a different
training and skills to Travel Companion. Travel companion accompanies the group and
provides only general information only. He must have knowledge of economics, geography
and general information in archeology.
Tourist guide has specific training on the national heritage, history, art, history art,
archeology etc., Is able to manage a groupto provide accurate information to make the tourist
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to return to "educate" the group so that not evade objects, focus on safety archaeological sites,
is able to provide first aid, taking care that the tourstis are not hurt or injuried. For all these
the exam inlcudes the certification of the knowledge from different domains – geography, art
history, Baroque, medieval art, gastronomical knowledge, knowledge of professional
deontology etc.. No training plans at ministry level. Guide and the companion first get a local
empowerment for a particular province.
An impediment to the recognition of these qualifications is that in Italy a tour guide
should know at least two languages (written + oral exam), and not just one as set out in the
legislation of Romania.
So far there have been very few applications (3) of the Romanian citizens to settle in
Italy and practive the tourist guide profession. There were no applications for temporary
pursuit of Romanian citizens, but from citizens in Bulgaria, Poland, Czech Republic and
Slovakia.
In Romania there are several trainers certified by the ANC. The program is not
unique, but must respect specific occupational standard. In Italy there is a training at the
university level (eg University of Perugia), including master's degree programs in the field of
sustainable tourism, but formation depends on the region. For some regions require higher
education while others just Baccalaureate. At Masters, access is allowed by criteria
established by the university with wide autonomy. Bachelor graduates are accepted to law,
economics or other similar majors.
There are no degrees for the touristic guide. There is Alpine Guide, medium
mountains guide, mountain-bike guide, underwater guide, volcano guide (Sicily) etc., but
they are not tourist guides.
One of the issues that will be discussed at the next meeting in Brussels is: the ability
to verify that the temporary activity of a tourist guide in Italy is truly temporary, with the
precise location and the date.
Touristic animator organizes games, activities, events, etc. in holiday villages,
especially during the summer. There is no recognized centrally but only in some regions such
as, for example, Emilia Romana. Preparing the tourist animator is very diffuse. No specific
training needs. He needs to show more creativity in organizing events.
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The competent authorities in tourism are at regional level. At central level, only the
title recognition is made. For the Italian citizens the recognition is done at regional level and
is valid throughout the national territory. After obtaining the title in a region, the profession
can be pursued in any other region. There are no regulations al central level regarding the
operating authorization. The Italian Alpine Club has a big contribution in this way.
The Technical Director is stipulated nationwide. There is also Tourism Innovation
Manager, whose training is conducted after the valid standards at european level. He can
practice as a hotel, restaurant, or pension director. In Italy agritourism depends on the
Ministry of Agriculture.
Another aspect is health tourism. There are more qualifications in the balneary
regions.
There is travel agent - the profession is regulated by the state, but the requirements are
covered by the regions. It is necessary at least the baccalaureate and at least two foreign
languages.
2.3.15. Other professions
1.
gli Affari di Giustizia: Agronomo e forestale iunior/Agriculture and forestry advisor
/
expert/Agronom
şi
silvicultor
junior
/
expert;
Agrotecnico/Assistant
agronomist/Asistent agronom; Agrotecnico/Agricultural expert/technician/Expert
agronom / tehnician; Biotecnologo agrario/Agricultural biotechnologist/Biotehnolog
agrar; Chimico/Chemist/Chimist; Chimico iunior/Chemist/Chimist junior;
2.
Ministero delle Attivita’ Produttive, D.G. per il commercio, le assiccurazioni e
servizi: Attivita’ disinfezione, disinfestazione, derattizzazione e sanificazione/Pest
control /Disinfection/ Handling of poisonous or non poisonous products/Activităţi de
dezinfecţie, dezinsecţie, deratizare şi salubrizare ;
3.
Professioni: Biologo/Biologist/Biolog ; Biologo iunior/Biologist/Biolog junior;
Dottore
forestale/Forester/Padurar
;
Dottori
in
agronomia/Agronomist
/
agricultural engineer/Inginer agronom; Geologo/Geologist/Geolog ; Geologo
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junior;
2007 - 2013
Geometra/Surveyor/Topograf
;
Perito
agrario/Agricultural expert/technician/Tehnician agrar; Perito agrario/Assistant
agronomist/Asistent agronom; Zoonomo/Zoo technician/Zootehnician ;
4.
Ministerio per i Beni e Attivita' Culturali: Gioelleria, taglio delle pietre preziose
/Jewellery making and cutting of precious stones/Bijutier, Taietor în pietre preţioase;
Fabbricazione
e
riparazione
di
strumenti
musicali/Musical
instrument
manufacturer-repairer/Constructor-reparator instrumente muzicale (lutier);
5.
Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico: Intermediari in materia del commercio
all'ingrosso/Wholesale intermediary/Intermediar vânzări en-gros; Stimatore e
pesatore pubblico/Public estimator and weighmaster/Estimator şi cantaragiu public;
6.
Ministero della Salute: Veterinario/Veterinary Surgeon/Veterinar ;
7.
Ministero delle Attivita' Produttive, D.G. per il Commercio, le Assiccurazioni e
Servizi: Acquisto, vendita di merci in forma ambulante/Itinerant trader / Purchase
and sale of goods on an itinerant basis/Comerciant ambulant/ Cumpărător-vânzător
mărfuri în forma ambulantă;
8.
Alte autorităţi: Abilitazione a funzione direttive/Civil servant/ Funcţionar public.
Although not listed in IMI, professions weather and meteorological technician facto
regulated in Romania and Italy. Compared to Romania, where the competent authority is the
National Meteorology Administration (ANM) which, by the National School of Meteorology,
dealing initial training, recognition and training in Italy meteorology are subordinated to the
Army, with four institutions managing professions the weather, namely:

Italy USAM Ufficio Generale Spazio Aereo e Meteorologia15 / General Office and
Aerospace Meteorology;

Italy CIRA Centro Italiano Ricerche Aerospaziali16 / Centrul Italian de Cercetări
Aerospaţiale;

Italy ARPA-SIMC ARPA Emilia Romagna Servizio Idro Meteo Clima17 /
Hydrometeorological Service - Emilia Romagna Climate
15
16
17
http://www.meteoam.it/?q=contatti
http://www.cira.it/en/contattaci-en/scrivici
http://www.arpa.emr.it/sedi.asp?idlivello=60
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Italy ARPA Piemonte Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione Ambientale Piemonte18 /
Piemonte Regional Agency for Environmental Protection.
In table 2.5 a synthetic picture is presented with the comparation between Italy and
Romania
Comparative table between Italy and Romania in meteorological domain
Tabelul 2.5
Meteorology
Italia – fours institutions that manages the meteorological
România
professions domain
Meteorology National School
1. Italy USAM Ufficio Generale Spazio Aereo e Meteorologia
- Initial training, recognition, continuous training
2. Italy CIRA Centro Italiano Ricerche Aerospaziali
3. Italy ARPA-SIMC ARPA Emilia Romagna Servizio Idro Meteo
Clima Italy
4. ARPA Piemonte Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione
Ambientale Piemonte
18
http://www.arpa.piemonte.it/contatti
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2.4. IMI PQ Statistics regarding regulated professions in Italy
compared to those in Romania
2.4.1. Active authorities within IMI System
In Italy, the number of active authorities in IMI is comparable to the one from
Romania (table 2.6). Romania surpasses Italy regarding the professional qualifications
authorities (Directive 2005/36/EC) and the services one (Directive 2006/123/EC), but has
only two authorities when it comes for the workers detachment (Directive 96/71/EC) in
comparison with the 105 of Italy.
Active authorities number in the IMI19 system
Table 2.6
Member State
Austria (AT)
Professional
Qualifications
(Directive2005/36/EC)
Services
(Directive
2006/123/EC)
Workers Detachment
(Directive 96/71/EC)
Total number of
authorities within
IMI
45
55
13
71
……………..
…………….
…………….
…………
Czech Republic
(CZ)
20
298
4
310
Germany (DE)
844
1930
18
2145
Denmark (DK)
23
16
2
27
………….
……………..
…………….
…………….
…………
Spain (ES)
105
927
27
948
Italy (IT)
30
34
105
140
………….
……………..
…………….
…………….
…………
9
539
2
545
……………..
…………….
…………….
…………
Poland (PL)
148
410
2
487
Portugal (PT)
24
271
3
281
Romania (RO)
41
93
2
111
Sweden (SE)
13
40
2
44
……………..
…………….
…………….
…………
34
418
2
444
1914
6364
263
7076
………….
Holland (NL)
………….
………….
United Kingdom
(UK)
Total
A very important aspect within the IMI system is the response time of the authorities
regarding the submissions of the applicants that should not exceed four weeks. From a this
point of view, the situation on the year 2012 can be summarized as it follows:
19
Statistics on the use of the Internal Market Information system December 2012, EUROPEAN
COMMISSION Directorate General Internal Market and Services
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
Regarding the professional qualifications recognition (fig. 2.1), Italy registers a wide
range (over 40%) of applications to which the answer is given in more than 4 weeks.
For Romania, the percentage is significantly lower, of about 14%.

For services provision, Itlay registers a high percentage of solved applications in less
than a week (fig. 2.2), but in a significant percentage (about 12%), to which the
answer may take longer than four weeks. Romania is characterized by a small
percentage of soled applications in less than four weeks (about 5%) but also by a very
low applications percentage to which the answer was given in less than a week

Regarding the workers detachment (fig. 2.3), both Romania and Italy registered in
2012 a very high percentage of answers that were given after more than four weeks
(about 75 % in Italy andi about 50 % in Romania).
Fig. 2.1. Response times for professional qualifications
(Directive 2005/36/EC)20
Fig. 2.2. Response times for services (Directive
2006/123/EC)15
20
Statistics on the use of the Internal Market Information system December 2012, EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate
General Internal Market and Services;  less than a week.;  less than 2 weeks.;  less than 4 weeks.;  over 4 weeks.
59
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Fig. 2.3. Response times for workers detachment (Directive 96/71/EC)15
2.4.2. Applications sent through IMI System
Another important aspect of the IMI statistics consists of the high number of sent and
received applications. From this perspective, the situation for 2012 can be summarized as it
follows:

Regarding the aplications regarding the professional qualifications recognition (tab.
2.7) it can be noticed that Romania and Italy are registering a small number of sent
applications in comparision to other states but, regarding the received applications,
Romania is on top with 15% of the totalul applications received by the Member
States.
Total number of sent/received applications in case of professional qualifications recognition in 20124
Tab. 2.7
Member State
Sent
%
Statul membru
Received
applications
applications
United Kingdom (UK)
995
32.2%
Romania (RO)
470
Sweden (SE )
Germany (DE)
………………….
12.9%
8.6%
….
Poland (PL)
Greece(GR)
Spain (ES)
287
271
237
15.2
%
9.3%
8.8%
7.7%
4.6%
………
….
1.1%
Germany (DE)
Italy (IT)
223
194
7.2%
6.3%
United Kingdom
(UK)
184
6.0%
………………….
Romania (RO)
398
266
……………
…..
143
……………
…..
33
………………….
………………..
…….
3091
100%
Italy (IT)
………………….
Total:
%
Total:
………………..
…….
3091
100%
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2007 - 2013
For services provision (tab. 2.8) both Italy and Romania are registering a very low
percentage of sent applications and low percentage of received applications (7,3 %
Italy and 2,9 % Romania).
Total number of sent/received applications in case of services in 20124
Tab. 2.8
Member State
Sent
%
Member State
applications
Germany (DE)
177
43.3%
Poland (PL)
Austria (AT)
78
19.1%
United Kingdom
(UK)
Slovenia (SI)
25
6.1%
Germany (DE)
Spain (ES)
16
3.9%
Hungary (HU)
Poland (PL)
15
3.7%
France (FR)
………………….
…………… ………….
Czech Republic
…..
(CZ)
Italy (IT)
7
1.7%
Italy (IT)
Bulgaria (BG)
12
2.9%
Holland (NL)
………………….
…………… ………….
…………………
…..
.
Romania (RO)
1
0.2%
Romania (RO)
………………….
Total:

………………..
………….
409
100%
………………….
Total:
Received
applications
60
40
14.7%
9.8%
38
37
32
30
9.3%
9.0%
7.8%
7.3%
30
26
……………
…..
12
7.3%
6.4%
………
….
2.9%
………………..
…….
409
100%
Regarding the workers detachment (Tab. 2.9), Italy has a significant percentage of
sent applications (10,8%), and Romania is on the second place at received
applications (with 14,5%) after Poland
Total number of sent/received applications regarding the workers detachment in 20124
2.9
Member State
Sent
%
Member State
Received
applications
applications
France(FR)
271
33.6%
Poland (PL)
147
Belgium (BE)
231
28.7%
Romania (RO)
117
Italy (IT)
87
10.8%
Portugal (PT)
97
Austria (AT)
69
8.6%
Germany(DE)
56
Olanda (NL)
30
3.7%
………………… ……………
.
…..
Romania (RO)
13
1.6%
Italy (IT)
18
………………….
Total:
%
………………..
………….
806
100%
………………….
Total:
Tab.
%
18.2%
14.5%
12.0%
6.9%
………
….
2.2%
………………..
………….
806
100%
2.4.3. Information regarding the professional qualification recognition
After processing the data presented in Annexes 1 and 2 a ranking of professions has
been created for which registered so far the most of the professional qualifications
recognition decisions in Italy of some applicaants fom Romania (table 2.10 and fig. 2.4). It
can be noticed that for the nurse professiona were solved more applications than for all the
others cumulated professions. After that, we can see at a big distance
the
Physiokinetotherapists, Beautician, professor of secondary education and second degree
professions and so on.
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Regulated Profession Database5 statistics do not provide data regarding the
recognition of qualifications of applicants Romania Italians, but in Tables 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, one
can deduce that the number is much smaller than the recognition in Italy.
Decision recognition situation in 201221
Tab.
21
Total pozitive
Total negative
Total neutre
0
63
61
0
0
0
0
173 167
2 1
61
0
0
38
16
86
0
25
0
0
0 165 140
25
0
2
4
7
0
1
1
0
5
33 53 13
2
38
0
4
23
0
0
0
0
0
0 27 27
0
0
0
5
0
18
0
0
1
0
0
24 23
1
0
0
11
1
9
0
0
0
0
0
21 21
0
0
0
6
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
19 19
0
0
0
11
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
15 11
4
0
0
1
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
13
1
12
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
2
0
0
13 11
2
0
Taken decisions
Negative - SGAR +
professional experience
1608
Examination
Pozitive after adjustment
period (SGAR)
0
Negative after the skills
test (SGAR)
Negative after the
adjustment
period(SGAR)
Adjustment period
Pozitiv e after the skills
test (SGAR)
Infirmiere generico e ota /
1 Second level nurse /
Asistentă medicală
Fisioterapista /
2 Physiotherapist /
Fiziokinetoterapeut
Estetista / Aesthetician /
3
Cosmetician
Docente di istituti di
istruzione secondaria di I e
II grado / Secondary school
4
teacher / Profesor de
învăţământ secundar de
gradul I si II
Tecnico sanitario di
radiologia medica /
5 Radiographer/
Radiotherapist / Tehnician
medical de radiologie
Docente di scuola primaria /
6 Primary school treacher /
Profesor de şcoală primară
Docente di scuola
dell'infanzia / Kindergarten
teacher/ Nursery school
7
teacher/ Preparatory school
teacher/ Profesor de
grădiniţă
Impiantista / Electrician/
Senior electrician/
8
Specialised electrician /
Electrician
Operatore socio sanitario /
9 Health Care Worker /
Operator socio-medical
10 laboratorio biomedico /
Medical / Biomedical
Pozitiv e- SGAR (no
comsenation measures)
Nr.c
rt.
Automatic recognition of
the professional
experience
2.10
Source: The author was inspired by: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/regprof/index.cfm
62
EUROPEAN UNION
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
ROMANIAN GOVERNMENT
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AMPOSDRU
laboratory technician /
Tehnician medical
laborator biomedical
Autoriparatore / Car
mechanic / Mecanic auto
Acconciatore / Hairdresser/
Barber/ Wig-maker/
Coafor/ Frizer/ Peruchier
Ingegnere civile ed
ambientale / Engineer /
Inginer
Odontotecnico / Dental
technician / Tehnician
dentar
Tecnico di laboratorio
biomedico /
Medical/Biomedical
laboratory technician/
Tehnician laborator
biomedical
Assistente sociale / Social
worker / Asistent social
Guida turistica / Tourist
guide / Ghid turistic
Tecnologo alimentare /
Food technologist /
Tehnolog alimentar
Architetto (diritti acquisiti) /
Architect / Arhitect
(drepturi dobândite)
Biologo / Biologist / Biolog
laboratorio /
Medical/Biomedical
laboratory technician/
Tehnician medical
laborator biomedical
Acccompagnatore turistico /
Courier/Interpreter –guide/
Însoţitor grup turistic
Attivita' disinfezione,
disinfestazione,
derattizzazione e
sanificazione / Pest
control/Disinfection/Handli
ng of poisonous or non
poisonous products /
Activitati de dezinfectie,
dezinsecţie, deratizare şi
salubrizare
Giornalista / Journalist /
Jurnalist
Maestro di sci / Ski
instructor / Monitor de schi
POS DRU
2007-2013
2007 - 2013
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11 11
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
9
0
0
0
1
6
0
1
0
0
0
0
8
7
1
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
5
5
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
1
0
2
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
63
EUROPEAN UNION
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AMPOSDRU
POS DRU
2007-2013
2007 - 2013
Massaggiatore e bagnino
terapeutico/balneoterapista/i
droterapista /
Masseur/Massage
26
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0 1
therapist/Spa therapist/
Masseur-Aesthetician/
Maseur/Balneoterapeut/
Hidroterapeut
Ricercatore universitario /
Research fellow/ research
27
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 1
associate / Lector
universitar
SGAR - Sistemul General Automat de Recunoaştere (General Automated Recognition System)
2000
0
1
0
1
0
0
1732
1500
1000
500
0
165
53 27 24 21 19 15 13 13
S…
Fig.2.4. The situation of the recognition decisions in 201222
22
Source: Author`s remake after http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/regprof/index.cfm
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3. CONCLUSIONS
Based on the presented in chapters 1 and 2, various conclusions can be summarized,
as it follows:
1. In this study a series of highlited aspects regarding qualifications recognition for
which there is a high number of applications from the romanian citizens (eg: nurse) or
for which there are big differences within the training between the two countries (as,
for example, cosmetician, hairdresser).
2. There are major differences between the education system from italy and the one
from Romania
3. The situation in Italy is characterized by the existence of public and private providers
of adult education for continuing training. Permanent Territorial Centres (CPT) and
evening schools and popular universities (Università Popolare) are the main
organizations focused on the promotion of adult education.
4. At the time of this study in Italy has not yet been implemented a national
qualifications framework in line with the European Qualifications Framework (EQF),
but the implementation process is in an advanced stage and is expected to be
completed during the year in 2013. In the Romania, the European Qualifications
Framework is implemented only for higher education, being created National Register
of Qualifications in Higher Education in Romania.
5. Italy implemented the Directive 2005/36/EC regarding the professional qualifications
recognition through the legislative Decree number 206 from 6th of November of 2007
– “Attuazione della direttiva 2005/36/CE relativa al riconoscimento delle qualifiche
professionali, nonche' della direttiva 2006/100/CE che adegua determinate direttive
sulla libera circolazione delle persone a seguito dell'adesione di Bulgaria e
Romania”.
6. In Italy there are 155 regulated profession, according to official data of the European
Committee regarding the unique european market.
7. As a main difference from Romania As the main difference from Romania stands the
management by the Ministry of Justice (Ministero della Giustizia) of a relatively large
number of different professions (Agrotecnico, Chimico / Chimico junior, Ingegnere
industriale etc.) t hat in Romania belong to other competent authorities. This is
justified by the fact that in Italy, the Ministry of Justice has been along time promoter
of many acts in various areas, traditional and historical reasons, a large number of
heterogeneous jobs remained under the authority of this ministry.
8. In the beautification sector the beautician qualifications (aestheticist) and hairdressers
(aconciatore) are required for recognition by Romanian citizens in Italy. But precisely
for these two professions there are major problems of recognition because large
differences in training between Italy and Romania. In the future this issue will be
amplified as now, in Italy there is a law project for requiring a 4-3 years of training
plus 1 year of preparation in order to work as an autonomous worker. There are
65
EUROPEAN UNION
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
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2007 - 2013
currently difficulties for the recognition of teachers in special schools coming from
Romania because in Italy there are no special schools
There are also difficulties in the recognition of qualifications of teachers and
educators that in Romania have been teaching high school (5 years), as in Italy these
professions require higher education. For those who are preparing now for the new
education law, there will be problems because they require higher education in
Romania, but for those who have been trained on the old system will continue having
recognition problems.
An important difference from Romania consists in the fact that in Italy Autorita per
L’Energia Elettrica e il Gas - AEEG (similar to National Regulatory Authority ANRE in Romania) has no statutory authority responsible for the training and / or
recognition of qualifications, but only energy market regulationa. Professions in
Romania are managed by ANRE (the electricity and gas) related to Italy by other
ministries, primarily the Ministry of Economic Development.
Another significant difference refers to the professions in Romania that are managed
by ISCIR (welders, crane operators, nondestructive testing operators, boiler
operators) and in Italy are subject to regulation at the regional level and at the firm
level.
The electrical professional categories professional in Romania are similar to those in
Italy. There were no reported problems on recognition in this area between the two
countries.
In Italy the engineering differs from the similar one in Romania. There are two types
of engineers in Italy and a category called Expert (Perito) industries that do
engineering work. Engineering work is not assimilated to the engineering degree. The
duration for expert degree (Perito) is 5 years industrial school. Junior Engineer title is
obtained after a course of higher education three years, followed by registration with
the Junior Engineer and the Senior Engineer requires higher education 3 years + 2
years and other state exam in order to sign up for senior engineer title.
In the medical sector we encounter the largest number of regulated professions, both
in Romania and in Italy, but through automatic system of recognition there are no
major problems in this area.
In Italy the professional maternal nurse and sign language interpreter are not
regulated professions, while in Romania these are regulated. However, However, in
Italy, the ministry of Labor has since 1994 an order and a registry regarding the blind
masseurs, established by national law, kept by the Service for labor, a relatively new
division. To this general Direction, taking into consideration that a new legislation
that replaced this masseur profession with the physiotherapist one, there are some
modifications in progress.The physiotherapist profession is of Ministry of Health`s
competence. In the last years in both countries, disability issues have been considered
as the competence of the Ministry of Health, although the problem is primarily a
social aspect.
15. The main tourism professions are regulated in Italy: Travel Guide, Touristic
Companion, Touristic Technical Director and Animator. In Italy the touristic guide
training and skills are different from the Touristic Companion`s.
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16. Based on the IMI system`s official statistics, within the study a rankining professions
has been made for which registered so far most of the recognition decisions in Italy of
the professional qualifications of some applicants from Romania. For the nurse
assistant were more applications than for the other professions combined. Afterwords,
at a big distance, we encounter Physioterapist, Cosmetician, secondary education
degree I and II professor.
67

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