Application, Background, and Constraints

Transcription

101
Audio
Production ABCs
– Application,
Background,
and Constraints
David Gordon & Jake Heaton
DocuMedia Learning Group, Inc.
March 23, 2006
Produced by
New Media Tools for Developing High-end e-Learning
March 23, 2006
Audio Production ABCs
Application, Background, and Constraints
Sponsor:
Presenters:
DocuMedia Learning Group, Inc.
Dr. David Gordon
Jake Heaton
Experience Survey
Enter your audio production experience level in the Poll pod
Scale 1 to 5
1
2
3
4
5
- Brand new—I am just getting started with audio production basics
- Experimented a little but still a beginner
- Some understanding about production but I need tools to do it
- More experienced—I am looking for references and ideas
- Expert—I frequently use self-produced audio content
Session 101 - AUDIO ABCs – Application, Background, and Constraints Dr. David Gordon, Jake Heaton: DocuMedia Learning Group
Page 1
March 23, 2006
Storyboard
Resource Available
Equipment Basics

Computer IO (In/Out Sound Card)
Microphone
Cables and Adapters
Mixer or Preamps
Sound Conditioning (Booth, Foam, FXs)
Recording Software
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March 23, 2006
Computer IO (In/Out)
The first crucial component is the computer’s sound input
capabilities or soundcard quality.
Sound Card Connection Types

PCI
PCMCIA
USB
Firewire
This example sound card is an
ECHO DIGITAL AUDIO IO. It cost
approximately $200.00.
http://www.musiciansfriend.com/rec
http://www.americanmusical.com
Sound Recording – Mics
Consider your final output:

Computer speakers
Headset
CDs
DVDs
Live/concert
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March 23, 2006
Microphone – Names, Types, Uses
Reference: Wikipedia
Shotgun – long barrel, narrow pickup acceptance, condenser
Lavalier – clip-on (wired/wireless)
Omnidirectional – all directions, spherical
Cardioid – heart-shaped
Unidirectional - small ball
Cardioid or Hyper-cardioid – commonly used as vocal or speech microphones.
Microphone
Marshall MXL Studio Condenser
with shock mount and Wind Foam cover $150.00
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March 23, 2006
Speakers and Headphones
Anchor Audio Monitor AN100
$150.00
Wal-Mart Computer Speakers
$20.00
Cables and Adapters
XLR cable
¼” cable
RCA cable
RCA stereo to
1/8”
RCA to ¼”
RCA splitter

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March 23, 2006
Mixers
Behringer Eurorack
UB802 Mixer
(8 Inputs)
$50.00
Mackie 1402 VLZ Pro
Mixer
(14 Channels)
$400.00
Mixer - How to Use
IN
5
1
OUT
2
3
4
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March 23, 2006
Sound Conditioning
Sound Isolation Booth and Options (closet)
Foam – Aurlex, Mattress Pad
Auralex Wedgie,
1' squares of 2"-thick, 24 pieces.
$99.99
Auralex
2” Wedgie 1' square
$4.95 (American Musical supply)
EggCrate Mattress Pad
(painted
black)
$8-$12 (www.target.com)
$1-$3 Spray paint
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March 23, 2006
Sound Conditioning – Wind Shield
Wind Shields
Pop Screens
Prevent Pops
•
•
•
•
T’s, P’s,
B’s, S’s
C’s, K’s
H’s, F’s
PC Production – Software
http://audacity.sourceforge.net/
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March 23, 2006
Software for PC
Demonstration of Audacity
Audacity examples:

Normalize & Amplify
Record Tracks 1 & 2
Mixing Track 2 into Track 1
Applying reverb effects
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March 23, 2006
Popular Audio formats

WAV – Common PC & Macintosh
MP3 – MPEG layer 3, Multipurpose (patented)
AIFF – Common Macintosh
Ogg Vorbis – Free, unpatented Open Source compression MP3
competitor
http://www.sonicspot.com/guide/fileformatlist.html
PC Production MP3
http://www.free-codecs.com/download_soft.php?d=50&s=22
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March 23, 2006
Sample Rate (Hz) & Bits
What is a sample rate?
A sample rate is the number of samples per second. A sample rate of 44,100 Hz
means the digital file will contain 44,100 samples per second. The higher the
sample rate, the closer the digital sample will match the analog waveform.
Common sample rates
22,050 Hz – radio
44,100 Hz – audio CD
48,000 Hz – digital TV, DVD
96,000 – DVD-Audio
Comparison Data
WAV Audio Format Comparison
For a 60 second music clip
WAV
MP3 – 128 Kbps
MP3 – 64 Kbps
44.1 kHz, 16-bit, stereo
10.0 MB
938 KB
469 KB
5.04 MB
938 KB
469 KB
44.1 kHz, 16-bit, mono
5.04 MB
--
--
2.52 MB
--
--
5.88 MB
--
--
2.94 MB
--
--
2.94 MB
--
--
1.60 MB
--
--
3.36 MB
--
--
1.68 MB
--
--
1.68 MB
--
--
861 KB
--
--
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March 23, 2006
Audio Examples per Format
Comparison audio playback of the different formats. Play
Files.
Remember the compression, transmission, and your
headphones will also effect the quality of what is heard.
Text-to-Speech
Computer generated audio from text.
Voice Fonts
http://www.cepstral.com/downloads
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March 23, 2006
Text-to-Speech – Audio Capture
TTS Experiment
Using the Chat feature, a few of you please chat a couple
sentences for playback in Swift-Talker using the David or Diane
voice font.
Cepstral Swift-Talker Application Launch – Breeze audio
(upload separately)
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March 23, 2006
Quality Survey
Enter the acceptability level of using TTS for Audio Production
in the Poll Tool window based on the Chat text.
Scale 1 to 5
1
2
3
4
5
-
Not acceptable at all
It is getting better, but not yet
Maybe in special circumstances
I can imagine several ways this could work
Exactly what I am looking for
Audio Physics
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/sound/soucon.html
http:// hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/audio/audiocon.html#c1
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/sound/sprop.html#c1
Reflection
Refraction
Diffraction
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March 23, 2006
Conclusion
With the audio production capabilities discussed, you can use
the audio files produced for audio delivery for web, Flash, CD,
DVD, and Podcasting.
Questions.
Page 15
March 23, 2006
Audio Production ABCs Application, Background, and Constraints
Additional Resources
Low Cost Shotgun Microphone Comparison
Recording Studio Design Forum
http://www.kenstone.net/fcp_homepage/review_shotgun_mics.html
http://www.johnlsayers.com/phpBB2/index.php
A Review of Seven Microphones
Acoustics 101 (Acoustic Room Design)
http://blog.case.edu/aaron.shaffer/2006/02/17/a_review_of_seven_micr
ophones_the_heart_of_all_podcasting
http://www.acoustics101.com/
Sound Audio Physics (HyperPhysics)
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/audio/audiocon.html#c1
Microphone (Wikipedia Free Encyclopedia)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone
Music Technology and Home Recording (101 Tips)
http://www.keithgemmell.com/music-technology.htm
SAE Reference Material Center (Audio Studies)
http://www.saecollege.de/reference_material/index.html
Free Sound FX Library
http://www.grsites.com/sounds/
A Digital Audio Primer
http://www.teamcombooks.com/mp3handbook/11.htm
Audio File Formats
http://www.sonicspot.com/guide/fileformatlist.html
Ogg Vorbis FAQ
http://www.vorbis.com/faq/
Audio Software Summary
Recording & Editing
Audacity
Free
PC/Mac
VST
$50
PC
MIDI, DirectX, VST
$50
PC
MIDI, DirectX
$100
PC
MIDI, DirectX, VST
$300
PC
MIDI, DirectX, VST
$350
PC
DirectX, Video
$400
PC/Mac
MIDI, DirectX
$250
PC
DirectX, VST, Video
$300
PC/Mac
MIDI, VST
Free
PC/Mac
MP3 encoder (back end only,
no interface)
Free
PC
Front-end interface for the
LAME encoder.
http://audacity.sourceforge.net/
Fasoft N-Track Studio
http://www.ntrack.com/
Power Tracks Pro Audio
http://www.pgmusic.com/
Cakewalk Home Studio 4
http://cakewalk.com/Products/HomeStudio/
Cakewalk Sonar 5 Studio
http://cakewalk.com/Products/SONAR/
Adobe Audition 2.0
http://www.adobe.com/products/audition/
Ableton Live 5
http://www.ableton.com/index.php?main=live
Sony Sound Forge 8
http://www.sonymediasoftware.com/Products/ShowProduct.asp?PID=961
Steinberg Cubase SE
http://www.steinberg.de/ProductPage_sb_se3_eu.html
MP3 Conversion
LAME
http://lame.sourceforge.net/
winLAME
http://winlame.sourceforge.net/

Application, Background, and Constraints

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