Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking

3/2/2011
Agenda
Domestic Minor
Sex Trafficking
Frontline Responders
February 27, 2011
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Global trafficking
What is DMST?
Scope of DMST
Where does Texas stand?
Societal influence
Demand drives the machine
Recruitment and control
Trauma bonding
Professional intervention
Next steps
Global scope
http://vimeo.com/7168434
Global scope
Which is DMST?
The United States: hidden in plain sight
A. A minor performing oral sex for a place to
sleep.
B. A little league coach sexually abusing
players.
C A mother trading her 16-year-old
C.
16 year old daughter
for crack.
D. A 14-year-old posing for pornographic
photos for a cheeseburger.
E. An 11-year-old stripping for higher status
in a gang.
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3/2/2011
The federal law
We are talking about minors!!!
 ANY person under 18 years of age
who is involved in a commercial
sex act is a victim.
Exchange of any sex act for
anything of value.
 NO PROOF OF FORCE, FRAUD
OR COERCION IS NECESSARY.
What is a sex act?
 The minor must be a U.S. citizen or
lawful permanent resident.
These definitions are from the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) of 2000
A national epidemic
 100,000-300,000 U.S. children at
risk for trafficking EACH
YEAR..and growing.1
 Less than 1% of cases solved.2
 1 out of 3 homeless youth in the
U.S. sold into sex slavery within 48
hours of running away or being
kicked out.
out 3
 Average age of entry into sex
trafficking is 12-13.4
 Life expectancy: 7 years.5
 Domestic trafficking more
prevalent.6
 U.S. children normally gain access
to services by being charged with
delinquency or prostitution.7
9
Research backs it up
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Georgia research study
492 girls a month sold
7,200 men pay for sex with these very young girls
Primarily affluent, suburban white men
3 embedded warnings
47% still wanted to proceed
Other research
 New York: 3,200+
 Michigan: 140+
 Minnesota: 100+
 More than die ann
annually
all from
murder, suicides and
accidents.
 All trending upward.
 Ongoing research clearly
indicates a national scope.
2
3/2/2011
Airlines, buses, trains and cars: distribution hubs
Pimp Mobile at
Miami Super Bowl
Where does Texas stack up?
 Buses as mobile lap dancing studios.
 Taxis as mobile brothels.
 Bus stations as recruiting grounds: 3,700 Greyhound
stations alone.
 Lot Lizard mentality.
 Johns fly in and out.
www. ALLIANCEFORCHILDREN.org
ALLIANCE FOR CHILDREN
817.335.7172
Texas is a hub
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740 girls under 18 being trafficked across the state.1
 The National Human Trafficking Hotline receives more calls from Texas
than any other state.1
 Department of Justice designated I-10 corridor as the No. 1 route for human
trafficking in the U.S.2
 Breeding ground for predators thanks to numerous interstate highways,
airports, malls.
 Easy to market: Internet, truck stops, modeling studios, etc.
The current climate
Texas House Bill 4009
Recognizes U.S. citizens face similar challenges;
grants for services.
Statewide Human Trafficking Prevention Task Force.
Mandated training for police, prosecutors and judges.
Liability for the trafficker regardless of whether he
knew victim is a minor.
Defendant liable for damages to trafficked persons,
including mental anguish.
Study of alternatives to the juvenile justice system.
Alternatives to juvenile justice
 Create network of
providers.
 Create an entity to
function as first, single
point
i t off contact.
t t
 Community-based
programs.
 Increase use of NGOs
specializing in DMST.
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3/2/2011
Latest Texas news
82nd Legislative priorities
Recognize as victims, not criminals and redirect costly
juvenile justice.
August 2010
Remove state requirement to prove force, fraud or coercion.
Gov. Perry calls for tougher penalties: 25
years to life.
Collect revenue for victim services through forfeitures and
restitution.
i i
Grants
G
off up to $500
$500,000
000 statewide
id to cities
ii
and counties.
Impound vehicles and impose additional fines on johns.
More than $291,000 to AG’s Human
Trafficking Prevention Task Force.
Create liability for 3rd-party facilitators.
Dallas/Fort Worth realities
What about our Texas cities?
www. TRAFFICKSTOP.org
TraffickStop
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15% of Texas calls to hotline come from DFW area.1
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Large number of homeless youth. For example, 1/3 of Fort
Worth’s homeless are youth, and Dallas has 1,000 teens on
the streets any given night.2
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Fairly extensive gang involvement; Mexican cartels are
sending kids into Texas schools to recruit.3
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Sent to 2-week bootcamp.
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Malls, the Ballpark, new Texas Stadium, amusement parks,
arcades, bus stations.
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Most front-line defenders don’t know what to look for in a
victim.4
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FBI recently named Dallas as 1 of 14 cities with the highest
number of victims.
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International airport, bus stations, numerous truck stops.
214.418.8318
DFW research results
 256 young American girls bought and sold each
month in DFW area.
 Only considers girls sold through online publications
and escort services.
 35% of state’s victim, yet home to only 26% of the
Texas population.
 More than die in drunken-driving accidents, murder,
suicide and other accidents.
4
3/2/2011
www. airlineamb.org
Airline Ambassadors
888.ANGEL-86
Changing a mindset
The system is failing these children
children...
American child victims of sex trafficking
are being arrested for the crime committed
against them while their abusers walk
free
free.
- Shared Hope International
…not the case for rape or other child sex-abuse victims.
Falling through the cracks
 Continue to not be identified or misidentified in the field.
Texas D.A. Prosecutes Girl, 13, For Prostitution
While Her Pimp, 32, Walks
by Amanda Kloer
categories: Child Prostitution, Pimping
Published January 21, 2010 @ 01:00PM PT
 DMST victimization masked by other behavior.
 As a result, often do not receive services specific to their
victimization.
 Acceptance of something of value not an indicator of a
mutually beneficial relationship.
They say everything is bigger in Texas, and the king-sized failures of the
justice system are no exception. A Harris County District had a major justice
FAIL recently when he prosecuted a 13
13-year-old
year old girl for prostitution,
prostitution
despite the fact that she's legally a human trafficking victim and not old
enough to consent to sex. And her 32-year-old "boyfriend" (aka pimp) who
was having sex with her and likely facilitated her prostitution? Well, he
walked off free and clear.
www. airlineamb.org
The ruling
Airline Ambassadors
888.ANGEL-86
They’re not the only ones at risk
 June 18, 2010: Texas Supreme Court rules children are the victims,
not the perpetrators of child prostitution.
 Public health.
 Children under the age of consent cannot be charged with selling sex.
 Costs to society.
 Because children under 14 cannot lawfully consent to sex, they can’t
“knowingly” engage in sexual conduct.
 More danger in our schools.
 Burgeoning criminal enterprise.
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3/2/2011
A new era for sexual exploitation
 Trafficking exploded with the Internet.
 Set to make $63 million in 2010.1
 Between 2004-2008 prostituted
children complaints from the Internet
increased by 1000%. 2
Societal influence
 No liability.
 backpage: 287 ads in ONE day for
Dallas/Fort Worth.
Hiding behind their computer screen
An underlying factor
 An epidemic of exploitation of our children facilitated by the
Internet.
 E-mail, IM, bulletin boards, chat rooms, MySpace, facebook.
 Internet video games allow predators to compete against and chat
with
players around the world, often posing as children.
 1 in 5 kids are solicited online.
 At any given time, 50,000 predators are prowling for children on the
Internet.
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Child pornography
More th
M
than 100,000
100 000 Web
W b sites.
it 1
55% comes from the U.S.2
More than 32 million people visit each month.
Johns actively seek young girls for sex on the Internet.3
More than 70% of incarcerated sex offenders fueled their
addiction by viewing child pornography.5
- Gonzo pornography now the “training ground.”
Not in my backyard?
“Adult diapers just
might be in store
for these whores
when
h their
th i work
k iis
done.”
- Promotional copy
for gonzo DVD
Other underlying factors
 Reusable commodity.
 Normalization of commercial sex.
-
Advertising
Music
Movies,
o es, TV
Fashion
 Pimping glamorized.
- Oscar: It’s Hard Out Here for a Pimp.
- Snoop Dogg: America’s most
Lovable Pimp.
- “Pimp” turned into a sexy verb.
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3/2/2011
Not usually the guy in the mug shot
Demand drives the machine
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Old or young.
Rich or poor.
Educated or not educated.
Professional or non-professional.
Any race.
race
Well integrated into their communities.
Friendly.
Clinically sane.
Pay-per-rapists.
Story
7
3/2/2011
www. airlineamb.org
Airline Ambassadors
888.ANGEL-86
Are we talking about Huggy Bear?
Not usually the guy in the fur coat and gold chain
 Father, mother, brother, uncle,
a coach, a teacher, peer,
someone they meet on the
street.
 Not always organized
criminals.
 Both men and women of
varying ages.
 Any ethnicity or race.
 Becoming increasingly
younger as pimps recruit
youth to facilitate.
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3/2/2011
from the office of the U.S. attorney for Western District of Missouri
5:25 p.m. CDT, September 9, 2010
KANSAS CITY, Mo. -- A federal grand jury indicted four men from southern Missouri men and one man from St. Louis for
their roles in a commercial sex trafficking conspiracy. Investigators believe a young, mentally deficient woman was sexually
abused and tortured for several years in a home in Lebanon and forced to work as an exotic dancer at local strip clubs
Edward Bagley, Sr., 43, and Michael Stokes, 62, both of Lebanon, Dennis Henry, 50, of Wheatland, James Noel, 44, of
Springfield, and Bradley Cook, 31, of St. Louis, are charged in an 11-count indictment that was returned under seal by a
grand jury on Wednesday. The indictment was unsealed and made public upon the arrests and initial court appearances of
Henry is the postmaster general of Nevada. Stokes is a
national representative for Disabled American Veterans. [Editor's note: the
the defendants.
DAV denies this.]
December 2002 to February 2009, Bagley coerced a woman,
They found that Bagley
advertised online that FV could be sexually tortured during live
online sessions or in person. The indictment says Stokes, Henry, Noel and Cook participated in this
Investigators believe, from
identified as FV, to become a sex slave and sexually tortured her.
conspiracy as customers who paid Bagley to sexually abuse and torture FV. Investigators believe Bagley forced FV to work
as a stripper and kept the proceeds from that work.
The federal investigation began after Bagley suffocated and severely shocked FV during a torture session to a state of
cardiac arrest on Feb. 27, 2009. FV, who was 23 years old at that time, received emergency medical treatment and was
How the pimps advertise
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ARLINGTON/
FT.WORTH
OUTCALLS 24/7)
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hospitalized. According to the indictment, Bagley enticed FV, a 16-year-old runaway who
suffered from mental deficiencies, into his trailer home in December 2002.
Let’s get the lingo
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Trick
John
Stable
Daddy
Turn out
Seasoning
Quota
The life
Branded
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Bottom bitch
Date
Square
Automatic
Trade up/trade down
Choosing
C
oos g up
Sister-in-law/wife-in-law
Caught a case
The game
Gorilla pimp
Recruitment tactics
 Hangs out at malls, arcades, group homes, bus stops - anywhere
with a high potential for interacting with youth.
 Engages in conversation to assess their vulnerabilities and
dreams.
 Targets their
h i weaknesses.
k
 Tells them what they want to hear.
Recruitment and control
Recruitment tactics
 Preys on the vulnerable
 Gives them what they need
 Fulfills promises to earn trust, love, devotion
 Manipulated systematically and over an extended before sex trafficking
begins.
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3/2/2011
Induction tactics
Texas teens arrested for forcing 12-year-old girls
into prostitution
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Wednesday, January 16th 2008, 9:48 AM
 Isolates victim.
 Begins demanding uncomfortable sex.
 Punishes refusal, hesitation or complaints with physical and
emotional abuse.
 Becomes more abusive and blames the victim.
 Cycles of abuse/affection.
 Threats to family.
 Attaches act of prostitution to proof of her love.
 Transitions her to prostitution.
FORT WORTH, Texas - Several teenage gang members have been arrested on
suspicion of forcing girls as young as 12 into a prostitution ring, police in Texas
said.
After befriending the girls and getting them high, Varrio Central gang members
took them to some regular customers and then sought other men by visiting
apartment complexes, offering the girls' services for $50, Fort Worth police Lt.
Ken Dean said.
The gang apparently targeted runaways and other girls with unstable homes, and
if the girls refused to have sex for money the members beat and sexually
assaulted them and threatened their families, Dean said.
"The age of the victims and suspects is the surprising part of it," Dean said. "To
have such young individuals in a somewhat organized business, a forced
prostitution ring, is somewhat alarming and such a horrendous crime against the
12- to 16-year-old girls."
Control tactics
Always right around
the corner...
Physically
Physically
Psychologically
Socially
Ongoing pimp control
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Captivity
Violence
Promise of a better life...when
Attention followed by abuse
Isolation
No living alternative
L k off resources
Lack
“Love” their pimp
Don’t trust authorities
Confiscation of identification
Control of money
Psychological manipulation
Threats to family
Any child can become a victim
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Children of any ethnicity, race or religion.
Youth of any sociosocio-economic class.
Girls or boys.
Children of all ages.
Preying on the vulnerable
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3/2/2011
Characteristics of a
high-risk DMST victim
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So why do they stay?
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Unstable home life
Parent-child conflict
Addiction to substances; parent addicted
Depression
Hunger
Low self-esteem or self-worth
Desire for protection, love
Poverty-stricken
Chronic runaway; throwaway
Homelessness
Left behind by education system
Transient
Involvement with juvenile justice system or CPS
www. airlineamb.org
Airline Ambassadors
Captivity/confinement
Use of threats/violence
Fear
Shame
Self-blame
Distrust of professionals
T
Traumatic
ti bonding
b di
Belief in false promises
Drug addiction
Hopelessness/resignation
Psychological trauma
Normalization
Self-identification
888.ANGEL-86
What to look for
What can I do?
Understanding the dynamics
 Recognize the abuse behind the abuse
- 80% abused in home.
- 28 times more likely to be arrested for
prostitution.
 After lockup
- Higher recidivism rates.
- Lower educational/economic
opportunities.
- Hang with delinquent peers.
Scripted answers.
Inconsistencies in story.
Branding or tattoos.
No identification.
Doesn’t know what city in.
Varied stages of bruising;
clumps of makeup covering.
Appears helpless, shamed, nervous.
Malnourished
Inability or fear to make eye contact.
Older, controlling boyfriend.
Accompanying person insists on giving all the information.
Extreme survival mechanisms: disassociation or tonic immobility.
Helping them identify
 Be non-judgmental and kind.
 Provide friendly, confidential, comfortable interview
space.
 Develop a rapport with the youth outside the
interview room.
 Allow them to gguide the conversation.
 Tell them why you are writing information down.
 Use youth-friendly language.
 Ensure open body language.
 Limit personal references and interruptions.
 Meet them where they are.
 Be transparent; you have to earn their trust.
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3/2/2011
Setting the stage for success
Ask questions that highlight survival skills:
Tell me what is helping you get through this
now.
Tell me about the moment when you knew
you had survived
survived.
Tell me when you knew it was over.
Instead of:
Tell me what happened to you.
Can you tell me about the prostitution.
Let’s ask
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I like that tattoo. Where did you get it?
Do you have a nickname?
Where have you lived in the past year?
When you run, where do you go?
Is there something that keeps you from going home?
Was there a time you weren’t allowed to leave?
Do you have a boyfriend?
H
How
old
ld are you?
?
Who works? What do they do? Where?
Who keeps the money? Who pays the bills?
Have you ever traded sex for food or a place to sleep?
Have you ever been hit?
Have you or someone you love ever been threatened?
Has anyone forced you to do something you didn’t want to do?
www. airlineamb.org
Airline Ambassadors
888.ANGEL-86
Remember...
 If remove all defense mechanisms at once, can cause
unintended consequences.
 Realize the way information is collected has a
powerful
f iimpact on whether the experience
i
iis retraumatizing.
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First things first
Being asked to tell the story can cause a
cascade of physical and psychological symptoms.
 You must meet their immediate needs first.
Short-term needs
 Safety, safety, SAFETY
 Physiological/basic needs
 Medical needs
 Language needs
 Psychological/emotional needs
 Financial needs
Possible medical needs
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STDs
Pelvic pain
Rectal trauma
Urinary difficulties
Pregnancy
Mutilations
Infertility
Infectious diseases
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Malnourishment
Dental problems
Addiction/withdrawal
Bruises
Scars
Undiagnosed/untreated diseases
Unset broken bones
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3/2/2011
Airline Ambassadors
www. airlineamb.org
888.ANGEL-86
The long list of psychological impact
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Anxiety and stress disorder.
Attachment disorder.
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Conduct disorder.
Depression.
Developmental disorders.
Learning disorders.
Acute stress disorder.
Post traumatic stress disorder
disorder.
Anxiety disorders.
Dissociative disorders.
Eating disorders.
Self-harming disorders.
Sleep disorders.
Somatic disorders.
Substance abuse disorders.
Impulse control disorders.
Mood disorders.
Unique needs for restoration
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Physical
Psychological
Educational
Social
The Traffick911 model
 Campus-style
 3 initial 10-bedroom homes
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Emergency shelter
Long-term home for 10- to 13-year-old girls
Long-term home for 14- to 18-year-old girls
School, study area, kitchen/dining room,
counseling center in central building
 Offices separate
 Future homes
 Transitional home for 18 and over
 Boys
 Additional age-specific homes as grow
Long term
Long-term
The Traffick911 holistic program
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Mentoring.
Medical treatment.
Trauma counseling.
On-site school.
Creative therapy.
Life skills.
Social development.
Long-term barriers
 Continued reluctance to selfidentify.
 Loyalty to the pimp.
 Running away.
 Not used to following normal
structure.
 Used
U d tto sleeping
l i during
d i day;
d
staying up all night.
 Lack of trust.
 Sexual confusion.
 Glamorizing the exploitation to
rationalize it.
 Severely deregulated nervous
system.
13
3/2/2011
Are You Smarter Than a
5th Grader?
1,000,000
500,000
300,000
Are You Smarter
Than a 5th Grader?
175,000
100,000
cheeseburger
survival rate
homeless children
rescue
50 000
50,000
25,000
prosecution
We’re No. 1
10,000
5,000
2,000
recruiting ground
restoration
Game time
Numbers
s youry
1,000
5th Grade Topic 1 Question
/
What are pimps offering vulnerable
children?
5th Grade Topic 1 Answer
/
Survival, a dream, love...
Return
5th Grade Topic 2 Question
/
How many homeless children in the
U S are sold into sexual slavery
U.S.
within 48 hours of running away or
being kicked out?
5th Grade Topic 2 Answer
/
1 out of 3.
Return
14
3/2/2011
4th Grade Topic 3 Question
/
What is the average life expectancy
for a child forced into sexual
slavery?
4th Grade Topic 3 Answer
/
7 years.
Return
4th Grade Topic 4 Question
/
How do U.S. children generally gain
access to services?
4th Grade Topic 4 Answer
/
Lockup.
Return
3rd Grade Topic 5 Question
/
What was the age of the child a
Houston DA prosecuted as a
prostitute while her 32-year-old pimp
walked away without being
investigated?
3rd Grade Topic 5 Answer
/
13.
Return
15
3/2/2011
3rd Grade Topic 6 Question
/
What state does the National Human
Trafficking Hotline receive the most
calls from?
4th Grade Topic 6 Answer
/
Texas.
Return
2nd Grade Topic 7 Question
/
Where is a major recruiting ground
for pimps looking for distressed
children?
2nd Grade Topic 7 Answer
/
Malls, bus stations, schools,
emergency youth shelters,
shelters arcades,
arcades
parties.
Return
2nd Grade Topic 8 Question
/
When does demand spike.
2nd Grade Topic 8 Answer
/
Around major sporting events,
conventions etc
conventions,
etc.
Return
16
3/2/2011
1st Grade Topic 9 Question
/
How many safe houses does Texas
have for these brutalized children?
1st Grade Topic 9 Answer
/
Zero.
Return
1st Grade Topic 10 Question
/
How many young American girls are
sold in a month in Texas?
1st Grade Topic 10 Answer
/
740.
Return
Million Dollar Question
Grade Level Topic 11
Involvement
1,000,000 Question
/
Who can make a difference for these
voiceless victims?
17
3/2/2011
1,000,000 Answer
/
Thanks for Playing!
YOU!!!
Return
18