Developing Enquiring Minds [PDF Document]

07/09/2014
Technology
Lesson Starter Exercises – Sketching Focus
‘Developing Student’s Sketching & Communication Ability’
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Lesson Starter Exercises - Resource Pack Objective
Starter exercises can be used at the beginning of technology lessons
to engage students and to promote design related discussions. The
short exercises can form a routine start to lessons with an overall
objective being, to enhance student’s verbal and sketching
communication. They are designed to take 10-15 minutes and can
be adapted to suit a wide range of design abilities.
Lesson Starter Exercises – Content of Pack
1. Generation of Ideas:
Through sketching and discussion, this exercise
develops student’s experience with products and their
understanding of target markets
2. Product Design Focus:
Looking at alternative uses to standard products
3. Design Specifications:
Developing student’s problem solving skills through an
understanding of design specifications
4. Design Awareness:
Research Marc Newson and Development of Sketching
5. Design Inspiration:
Exploring how to use research and inspiration to
create Design Solutions
6. Design Inspiration to Ideas:
Using resource material to creating a range of Lighting
designs
7. Product Description:
Exercises designed to promote higher order thinking
when describing design ideas.
8. Design Development:
Exercise focused on design development and the
student’s sketching and annotation ability
9. Sketching & Rendering:
Explores a range of sketching and rendering
techniques, equipment needed and template exercises.
10. Questionable Product Design: Exploring the social and moral responsibility of the
Designer, through group discussion.
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 1. Generation of Ideas
Opening Question
All the toothbrushes in the image above perform the same task. Why then are they all different?
As a designer, think about your own toothbrush, what is it that you find appealing about the
product and what aspects you would like to change.
Lesson Starter Exercises – 1. Generation of Ideas
Introduction:
Students are often unaware as to the presence of design and the impact of design on
their lives. Use the opening question to highlight to students that they are constantly
designing and problem solving to enhance their lives and their experience with products.
Task:
Students are asked to sketch a range of toothbrush design ideas to a defined
specification. The specification changes every five minutes and focuses on a different
user group. Students can use PowerPoint images as reference or if possible ask students
to bring their own toothbrush into the lesson. This introduces a kinesthetic aspect to the
task and promotes discussion.
Example Specifications
•
Toothbrush design for the elderly
•
Toothbrush that can be free standing on the bathroom shelf
•
Toothbrush that can be folded or disassembled for Travel
•
Toothbrush designed for Children to encourage them to brush for a longer period.
Resources:
Visual of Toothbrush Designs
Visual of ergonomics of toothbrush design
Visual of Student Sketch Design Ideas
*This exercise is adaptable to a wide variety of objects. Choose something that is easily
attainable and that students have experience using. *
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 1. Visual Resource Material
Lesson Starter Exercises – 1. Visual Resource Material
Focus on Ergonomics & Anthropometrics
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 1. Student’ Design Variations
Lesson Starter Exercises – 1. Student’ Design Variations
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 2. Product Design Focus
What do you think this object is?
What else could the object be used for?
If you were to redesign this object draw or list some
weird and wonderful features, it might have?
Lesson Starter Exercises – 2. Product Design Focus
Introduction:
This exercise is designed to develop student’s creative thought and imagination.
It encourages abstract thought and expression. Through the use of iconic product
design examples, the exercise also introduces students to developments in the
Design and Technology fields.
Task:
Students are introduced to a product but told nothing as to it’s function and
target market. The objective is to decide what they think the product is and to
suggest alternative uses. The second section asks student to sketch a range of
design modifications and features which, enhance the design.
*Define the specification so that the modified product must be commercially
viable. This omits low level responses where students present unattainable
solutions *
Resources:
TR: Link to 5 additional PowerPoint exercises
Visual of Student’s sketch ideas
Visual of Student’s Product Description
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 2. Product Design Focus
High Level Response
Low Level Response
Lesson Starter Exercises – 2. Product Design Focus
TR: Product Design Focus Exercises
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 3. Design Specification
Lesson Starter Exercises – 3. Design Specifications
Introduction:
The objective of this task is to introduce students to a Design Brief and Design
Specifications. Through this, the task develops student’s problem solving and
analytical thinking skills. It provides students with an alternative method of
generating design ideas, apart from sketching.
Task:
Students are given a design situation and design brief, detailing the user
requirement and market trends. They are then asked to create a detailed design
specification, listing the Essential Criteria and the Desirable Criteria. Students are
encouraged to sketch alongside the specification if they think of an interesting
design solution.
Extension Exercise – Students to subdivide the specifications into the User’s
requirements, the Retailers and the Manufactures, each one focused on their
individual needs.
Resources:
Example Design Brief and Specification
Definition of Design Specifications
Visual of Student’s Work
Additional Design Specification Task
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 3. What are Design Specifications?
Definition: When designing a new product it is important to understand that there are key
guidelines which the product must meet in order to be successful. These
guidelines are called The Design Specifications. A specification is a set of
guidelines or criteria you want your final design to achieve. This checklist can be
divided into two sections:
ESSENTIAL CRITERIA: This is a list of criteria your toaster design MUST meet, so
that it functions correctly and is safe to use.
DESIRABLE CRITERIA: This is a list of the criteria your design SHOULD meet and
the features it COULD have. These specifications improve the quality and
appeal of the design but are not essential.
Professional designers use their specification list at every stage of a design project, to check
that they are meeting the client’s original brief.
Lesson Starter Exercises – 3. Example Design Brief
Design Situation ( Tells the story, sets the scene for the design)
•
A large scale sports company have noticed a gap in the market for a low budget football
boot. Current products are too expensive for the teenage market and serve more as a
fashion shoe than a serious training shoe. From recent user feedback sessions it has also
emerged that there is a need to combine an internal sock to provide waterproofing and to
control perspiration and foot odour.
Design Brief ( Gives a clear indication as to what you have to do)
•
To design and manufacture an innovative Football boot for the teenage market. The design
should be suitable for all-terrain surfaces and tackle odour problems. The boot will be sold
in the mass market within the low budget sector.
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 3. 2nd Year Student Example
Example Briefs
Children’s High Chair
Student’s School Bag
Mountain Bike
MP3 Sports Player
Golf Bag
Lesson Starter Exercises – 4. Design Awareness
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 4. Design Awareness
Introduction:
The objective of this task is to introduce students to current design trends and
focus on a specific designer. Students study the designer’s style and inspiration,
commenting on the aesthetic and functional approach. From this students then
design a range of products in the style of the particular designer. This Task can
also be adapted to Design Trends, encouraging study to explore the history of
design and technology.
Task:
Students are shown a selection of slides featuring the work of the Australian
designer Marc Newson. A group discussion explores Newson’s approach to design
and materials. Students are then required to design a range of products in the
style of Newson. Students must annotate all sketches, indicating the materials
and product features.
Extension Exercise –To research the work of Marc Newson and create a short
presentation
Resources:
PowerPoint Presentation of Newson’s work
Lesson Task Slide
Visuals of Student’s Work
Lesson Starter Exercises – 4. Sketch Design Task
Based on the style and inspiration of the designer MARC NEWSON,
design two of the following products:
Toothbrush
MP3 Player
School Bag
Chair
Bike Shed
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 4. Design Awareness
Lesson Starter Exercises – 4. Student Work
TR: Marc Newson Designs
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 5 & 6 Design Inspiration
Q: How can we use resources as
reference, to help us
design……… ……..but not
copy them directly ?
RESOURCE MATERIAL
INSPIRATION
DESIGN
Lesson Starter Exercises – 5 & 6 Design Inspiration
Introduction:
The objective of this task is firstly to teach students how to find inspirational
resource material. And secondly, how to use this resource material to influence
design ideas. When designing, some students can interpret a visual source too
literally and as such present a low level design solution. The task, while difficult
for students, encourages them to look at the line, shape and contrast of the
resource material. The task is adaptable to a variety of products and situations.
Task: Students are shown the PowerPoint which explains the concept of this topic and
how to use visual inspiration. Depending on department resources, students can
then participate in a group activity, choosing inspirational material from a range
of books and magazines. Students need to choose an image for the second
section of this activity. They can either cut this out and stick it onto an A3 page or
sketch the images onto the page. Students must then use this inspiration to
design a lighting product.
Resources:
Detailed PowerPoint Presentation of topic
Resource Material Examples
Visuals of Student’s Work
RESOURCE MATERIAL
INSPIRATION
DESIGN
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 5 & 6 Design Inspiration
IS THIS A DESIGN SOLUTION ?
RESOURCE MATERIAL
INSPIRATION
DESIGN
Lesson Starter Exercises – 5 & 6 Design Inspiration to Ideas
RESOURCE MATERIAL
INSPIRATION
DESIGN
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 5 & 6 Design Inspiration to Ideas
TR: Inspiration – Design Ideas
Lesson Starter Exercises – 7. Product Description
TASK:
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING THE
FOLLOWING WORDS:
JUICER, SQUEEZE, LEMON, LIME, FRUIT, LIQUID. KITCHEN
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 7. Product Description
Introduction:
This lesson starter is designed to develop student’s verbal communication skills.
Students are required to think of alternative means of describing standard
products thus promoting higher order thinking. Through this task students
become aware that they need to be specific when describing their design ideas,
focusing on function, form, user group and key features.
Task:
Using a PowerPoint visual, students are asked to describe the given product,
without using standard descriptive terms. Students can choose to either describe
the product visually, functionally or describe a situation where the product is
used. This highlights to students the basic functions of product and the user
group.
Resources:
PowerPoint Presentation of 4 additional tasks
Lesson Task Slide
Visuals of Student’s Work
Lesson Starter Exercises – 7. Product Description
TR: Product Description Exercises
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 8. Design Development , Chair Focus
Lesson Starter Exercises – 8. Design Development , Chair Focus
Introduction:
The objective of this starter exercise is to enhance student’s understanding of
design ideas and it’s place within the design cycle. Sketching is a vital design
communication skills and only through practice will students progress. This
exercise allows students to focus on one particular product and create a range of
design ideas or developments.
Task:
The template sheet provided features one basic chair sketch as starting point and
a faded background sketch in each of remaining spaces. There are two
approaches to the task: The first, a high ability task, requires that each new chair
design is a development on the previous. The second, asks students to design a
chair in each space for a different user group or situation. Students should be
encouraged to annotate their ideas clearly, indicating materials and key features.
Resources:
Template A3 Design Sheet
Visuals of Student’s Work
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Lesson Starter Exercises
– 8. A3 Template Design Sheet
Lesson Starter Exercises
– 8. 3rd Year Student Example
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 8. 3rd Year Student Example
Lesson Starter Exercises – 8. 2nd Year Student Examples
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 9. Sketching & Rendering
Lesson Starter Exercises – 9. Sketching & Rendering
•
TASK 1 :
–
FILL AN A3 PAGE WITH FREEHAND ISOMETRIC BOXES…..NO GRID PAPER, CHANGE MEDIUM
USED, CHANGE DRAWING POSITION, STAND, SIT, HOP!
•
TASK 2 :
–
•
TASK 3 :
–
•
FILL AN A3 PAGE WITH STRAIGHT LINES …NO GRID PAPER OR RULERS, CHANGE DIRECTION,
TRY DRAW A SELECTION OF LINES PARALLEL AND THEN PERPENDICULAR.
FILL AN A3 PAGE WITH CIRCLES…VARY THE SIZE AND THE MEDIUM USED.
TASK 4 :
–
FILL AN A3 PAGE WITH ISOMETRIC CIRCLES….NO GIRD PAPER, VARY THE SIZE & MEDIUM
USED.
•
TASK 5 :
–
DRAW A BOARDER, 10MM APPROX ON AN A3 PAGE. THEN DRAW ANOTHER 10MM BOARDER
INSIDE THIS. CONTINUE TO THE CENTRE OF THE PAGE.
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 9. Sketching & Rendering
Introduction:
These exercises are designed to develop sketching and
visualisation. Sketching is a vital design communication skill
and only through practice, will students progress. The section
explores drawing and presentation techniques focusing on the
following: 3D Sketching, Introduction to Rendering and
Isometric drawing tasks. The tasks also provide visual
examples of rendering a variety of materials which students
can then apply to their project design sheets.
Task:
Following a demonstration, students are required to complete
the tasks using the template sheets provided. A list of
equipment is provided although not all is need for basic
sketching.
Resources:
Template A3 Design Sheet
Visuals of Student’s Work
TR: Template Sheets & Rendering Exercises
Lesson Starter Exercises – 10. Questionable Product Design
SOFT BONNET HOOD HAIRDRYER
?
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 10. Questionable Product Design
Introduction:
The task is centred on group design discussions. The objective of the task
is to explore the social and moral responsibility of a designer, through
questionable product designs. During the task students should engage in
discussions relating to the strengths and weaknesses of the products and
identify their position as consumers, within the design cycle.
Task:
The sections looks at two products. The first slide shows the product, the
second details the product’s features and final slide promotes questions for
group discussion. Students should be encouraged to explore the positive
and negative implications of design and the social/environmental aspects.
Resources:
Visual Slides
Discussion Questions and Tasks
Lesson Starter Exercises – 10. Poor Product Design
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS
The 400 Watt Ionic Soft Bonnet Hair Dryer features ionic technology to condition and dry hair fast
creating shinier and healthier hair. The soft bonnet adjusts for comfortable fit while drying or styling
hair with 3 heat and speed settings for ultimate drying and styling flexibility. A cool setting releases a
shot of cool air to set the style.
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 10. Questionable Product Design
SOFT BONNET HOOD DRY
•
What are your first impressions of the Soft Bonnet Hairdryer?
•
List the strengths and weaknesses of this product?
•
List the design specifications for this product.
•
List the user needs for this product.
•
Suggest five areas for development to improve this product.
•
Sketch five aesthetic/functional design developments.
Lesson Starter Exercises – 10. Questionable Product Design
TASK 2
MORAL & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
?
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Lesson Starter Exercises – 10. Questionable Product Design
Features and Specifications
•Designed exclusively for use with your Apple iPod, iWear includes revolutionary new features
and benefits that make it the hottest must-have accessory for video iPod owners!
• No more small screen viewing here; iWear projects a virtual 44" screen creating a movie
theatre experience that fits in the palm of your hand and weighs in at a mere 4 ounces.
• iWear plugs directly into the iPod bottom dock connector which it also powers off of so there
are no messy power cords or bulky battery packs to get in your way.
• iWear also offers privacy so you no longer have to worry about someone looking over your
shoulder. Best of all, amazing 3D content is available for a stunning 3D viewing experience.
Lesson Starter Exercises – 10. Questionable Product Design
•
What are your first impressions of the iWear product?
•
List the strengths and weaknesses of this product?
•
List the design specifications for this product.
•
List the user needs for this product.
•
Suggest five areas for development to improve this product.
•
Sketch five aesthetic/functional design developments.
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LESSON STARTER – PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is?
What else could the object be used for?
If you were to redesign this object draw or list some weird
and wonderful features, it might have?
LESSON STARTER – PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is?
What else could the object be used for?
If you were to redesign this object draw or list some weird
and wonderful features, it might have?
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LESSON STARTER – PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is?
What else could the object be used for?
If you were to redesign this object draw or list some weird
and wonderful features, it might have?
LESSON STARTER – PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is?
What else could the object be used for?
If you were to redesign this object draw or list some
weird and wonderful features, it might have?
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LESSON STARTER – PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is?
What else could the object be used for?
If you were to redesign this object draw or list some weird
and wonderful features, it might have?
Lesson Starter
Based on the style and inspiration of the designer Marc Newson,
design two of the following products:
Toothbrush
MP3 Player
School Bag
Chair
Bike Shed
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MARC NEWSON BIOGRAPHY
1963 Born in Sydney, Australia.
1982 Enrols at Sydney College of the Arts to study jewellery and sculpture.
1987 Lives in London. Makes Pod of Drawers from materials stolen from the model making workshop where he
works part-time.
1989 Moves to Tokyo, 1990 Wicker Chair and Lockhead Lounge.
1992 Opens studio in Paris rag trade district.
1995 Coast restaurant opens in London with interior and furniture by Newson.
1997 Moves to London. Alessi bathroom and kitchen products.
1999 Spends most of the year in Turin developing the 021C concept car for Ford at Ghia carrozzeria. 021C
unveiled at Tokyo Motor Show.
2002 Designs new business class seats for Qantas airline and sanitaryware for Ideal Standard.
2003 Develops a range of cookware for Tefal, mobile phones for KDDI and completes work on a bar at Lever
House in New York. Participates in The European Design Show at the Design Museum.
2004 Creates Kelvin 40, a concept jet, commissioned and presented at Fondation Cartier, Paris. Unveils a range of
sports footwear for Nike, Stages a major survey exhibition of his work at the Design Museum
MARC NEWSON
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MARC NEWSON
MARC NEWSON
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MARC NEWSON
MARC NEWSON
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MARC NEWSON
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
IS THIS DESIGN?
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
RESOURCE MATERIAL
INSPIRATION
SEE NEXT FEW SLIDES FOR EXAMPLES
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
RESOURCE MATERIAL
INSPIRATION
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
BEFORE YOU START DESIGNING!
•
Think about your main design
specifications, what must it have, what
could it have?
•
What are the basic components in
lighting design? What do you need to
include in your design?
•
Lamp fittings – variety of sizes and types
of lamps, range of products. ( See Next
Slide)
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
What are the basic components in lighting design? What do you need to include in your design?
Lamp fittings – variety of sizes and types of lamps, range of products.
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
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Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
Resource Material – Inspiration – Design Ideas
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Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK:
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING
THE FOLLOWING WORDS:
HAIRBRUSH, HAIR, BRUSH, COMB, HANDLE, HEAD, GRIP
Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK:
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING
THE FOLLOWING WORDS:
CAR, VEHICLE, TRANSPORT, LEXIS, SPEED, MOVE, WHEELS, PEOPLE
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Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK:
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING
THE FOLLOWING WORDS:
REMOTE CONTROL,
TV, RADIO,
CHANNLES,
BUTTONS,
INFRARED,
COMMUNICATE,
HANDHELD
Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK:
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING
THE FOLLOWING WORDS:
BIKE, TRANSPORT, CYCLE, ROAD, WHEELS, FRAME, GEARS, PEOPLE
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Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK:
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING
THE FOLLOWING WORDS:
JUICER, SQUEEZE, LEMON, LIME, FRUIT, LIQUID. KITCHEN
Technology
Lesson Starter Exercises – Rendering & Sketching Focus
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Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
SKETCHING EQUIPMENT
Sharp Drawing Pencils – HB, 2B, Blue
Coloured Pencils – Polychromos
Fine Line Set – 0.2, 0.5, 0.8
White Gel / Tipex Pen
Marker Rendering
Cool Grey – 2, 4, 6
2-3 Colours ( Yellow – Wood)
Aqua ( Glass and Sketching)
Red ( Graphic Arrows)
Bleed proof Paper – Marker Bleed
Steel Rule, Craft Knife
Drawing Templates - Curves
Quality Eraser and Sharpener
Chalk Pastel Set – Glass Rendering
Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
Using Line Detail for Sketch Rendering
A.
Vary Line Spacing & Direction
B.
Vary Dot Spacing
C.
2B – 4B Pencil Tones
D.
Marker Rendering
Pantone Cool Grey 2 – 6
White Tipex Pen
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Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
Low Gloss Metal / Plastic
High Metal – Horizon Effect
Cool Grey Markers 2-6
White Centre Section
Blue Pencil – Highest Reflection
Yellow , Blue Markers, Colour Pencils
White Centre Section
White Tipex Pen– Highest Reflection
Transparent Plastic / Glass
Wood Section
Aqua Markers, Pastel, Tipex Edge
White Centre Section, Blue Pencil
Indicate Hidden Detail, Back Edge
Yellow Marker, Brown, Yellow Tone Pencil
Indicate Grain Direction
Grey Contrast Shadow
Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
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Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
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Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
A. Marker Rendering
Contour Lines
Graphic Arrows
Contrast Drop Shadow
Line Detail - Spacing
B. Coloured Background Sketch
White Pencil on Brown Paper
Brown Pencil - Shading
Show Hidden Detail - Transparent
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Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
Combination Sketch
Contour Lines
Graphic Arrows
Annotation
Horizon Line
Contrast Drop Shadow
Line Detail – Spacing
Dot Detail
Lesson Starter – Sketching & Rendering Exercise
Combination Sketch
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