Insecta Part 2 - Marietta College

Subphylum Uniramia
Class Insecta
II. Orders Mallophaga, Anoplura,
Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera,
Neuroptera and Coleoptera
Dave McShaffrey
Biology Department
Marietta College
Fall, 2002
Tuesday, October 17, 2000
Order Mallophaga
Chewing Lice
• Mal-lof’ a-ga Gr. mallos, wool + phagein, to eat
• direct development
• to 6 mm
• no wings, wide head with chewing
mouthparts, legs adapted for clinging to host
• ectoparasites of mammals and birds
• feed on hair and feathers
• 5,500 species (including Anoplura)
Order Anoplura - Sucking Lice
• An-o-plu’ ra Gr. anoplus, unarmed + oura, tail
• direct development
• to 6mm
• no wings, narrow head with sucking
mouthparts, legs adapted for clinging to host
• ectoparasites of mammals, feed on blood
• 5,500 species (including Mallophaga)
Pediculidae - Pediculus humanus
Human Body Louse
Pediculidae - Pediculus humanus
Human Head Louse
Pthiridae - Pthirus pubus
Human Crab Louse
Order Thysanoptera - Thrips
• Thy-sa-nop’ ter-a Gr. thysanos, tassel +
pteron, wing
• direct development
• 0.5 to 5 mm
• wingless or with long fringes of hair on wings
• conelike, sucking mouthparts
• terrestrial, most herbivorous, some
insectivorous
• 4,000 species
Order Hemiptera - True Bugs
•
•
•
•
He-mip’ ter-a Gr. hemi, half + pteron, wing
direct development
2 to 100 mm
front wings with leathery basal portion and
membranous distal portion, sucking
mouthparts
• wings lacking in some
• most terrestrial, herbivorous or predaceous
• 50,000 species
Green Stink Bug
Pentatomidae
Green Stink Bug
Pentatomidae
Brown Stink Bug
Pentatomidae
Toad Bug
Gelastocoridae
Water Strider
Gerridae
Giant Water Bug
Belastomatidae
Coreidae
Leaf-Footed Bug
Order Homoptera
Cicadas, Aphids, Scale Insects, Leafhoppers, Treehoppers
• Ho-mop’ ter-a Gr. homos, same + pteron, wing
• direct development
• small to large
• membranous or thickened forewings,
membranous hindwings, sucking mouthparts
originating on rear of head
• wings lacking in many, some with only 2 wings
• terrestrial, herbivorous
• 32,000 species
Leafhopper
Cicadellidae
Leafhopper
Cicadellidae
Froghopper (Spittlebug)
Cercopidae
Flatid Planthopper
Flatidae
Flatid Planthopper
Flatidae
Treehopper
Membracidae
Membracidae - Platycotis vittata
Oak Treehopper
Membracidae - Platycotis vittata
Oak Treehopper
(juveniles)
Dog-Day Cicada
Nymph
Emerging adult
Cicadidae - Tibicen sp.
Dog-Day Cicada
Cicadidae - Tibicen sp.
Emerging adult
Dog-Day Cicada
Emerging adult
Cicadidae - Tibicen sp.
Dog-Day Cicada
Cicadidae - Tibicen sp.
Ventral View
Mouthparts
Dog-Day Cicada
Adult
Cicadidae - Tibicen sp.
Periodical Cicada
Adult
Cicadidae - Magicicada sp.
Aphids
Aphidae
Aphids
Aphidae
Aphid
Aphidae
Aphids
Aphidae
Aphids
Aphidae
Whitefly
Aleyrodidae
Scale Insects
Order Neuroptera
Dobsonflies, Alderflies, Ant Lions, Lacewings
• Neu-rop’ ter-a Gr. neuron, nerve + pteron, wing
• indirect development
• medium to large sized
• membranous wings with many cross veins,
chewing mouthparts, often with enlarged
mandibles
• terrestrial and aquatic (larvae), predaceous
• 4,670 species
Dobsonfly (larva)
Corydalidae - Corydalus sp.
Dobsonfly (larva)
Corydalidae - Corydalus sp.
Alderfly (larva)
Sialidae - Sialis sp.
Alderfly (adult)
Sialidae - Sialis sp.
Green Lacewing (adult)
Crysopidae
Order Coleoptera
Beetles, Fireflies, Weevils
• Ko-le-op’ ter-a Gr. koleos, sheath + pteron, wing
• indirect development
• among the smallest and largest insects
• front wings (elytra) hardened, rear wings
membranous and folded under elytra
• chewing mouthparts
• all habitats, some parasitic
• 300,000+ species (largest order of animals)
Mealworm
Tenebrionidae - Tenebrio molitor
Adult
Larva
Pupa
Water Penny
Larva, dorsal view
Psephenidae - Psephenus herricki
Water Penny
Larva, ventral view
Psephenidae - Psephenus herricki
Glowworm
Larva, lateral view
Anterior
Lampyridae
Glowworm
Anterior
Lampyridae
Larva, dorsal view
Firefly or Lightningbug
Lampyridae - Photinus sp.
Anterior
Adult, dorsal view
Ground Beetle
Carabidae
Ground Beetle
Carabidae
Tiger Beetle
Cincindelidae - Cincindela sexgutatta
Tiger Beetle
Cincindelidae - Cincindela duodecimgutatta
Scarab Beetles
Scarabidae
Scarabidae - Polyphylla decemlineata
Scarab Beetle
Japanese Beetle
Scarabidae - Popillia japonica
Carrion Beetle
Silphidae - Silpha americana
Sexton Beetle
Silphidae - Nicrophoris orbicollis
Larva, dorsal view
Whirligig Beetle
Anterior
Gyrinidae - Dineutes sp.
Whirligig Beetle
Gyrinidae
Whirligig Beetle
Gyrinidae
Crawling Water Beetles
Haliplidae - Peltodytes sp.
Water Scavenger Beetle
Anterior
Hydrophilidae
Larvae, lateral view
Water Scavenger Beetle
Hydrophilidae
Riffle Beetle
Anterior
Elmidae - Stenelmis sp.
Larvae, dorsal and lateral views
Riffle Beetle
Anterior
Elmidae - Stenelmis sp.
Adults, dorsal and ventral views
Lycidae - Calopteron terminatum
Net-winged Beetle
Adult showing elytra and membranous hind wings
Locust Borer Beetles
Mating adults; male is dorsal
Cerambycidae - Megacyllene robinae
Long-horned Beetle
Adult, on Sassafras sp.
Anterior
Cerambycidae - Oberea sp.
Metallic Wood-boring Beetle
Anterior
Buprestidae
Larvae being attacked by ant.
Metallic Wood-boring Beetle
Buprestidae
Adult
Soldier Beetle
Cantharidae - Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus
Ladybird Beetle
Coccinellidae
Click Beetle
Elateridae
Click Beetle
Elateridae
12-spotted Cucumber Beetle
(Southern Corn Rootworm)
Chrysomelidae - Diobrotica undecimpunctata
Colorado Potato Beetle
(larva)
Chrysomelidae - Leptinotarsa undecemlineata
Colorado Potato Beetle
(Adult)
Chrysomelidae - Leptinotarsa undecemlineata
Dogbane Leaf Beetle
Chrysomelidae - Chrysochus auratus
Dogbane Leaf Beetle
Chrysomelidae - Chrysochus auratus
Tumbling Flower Beetle
Mordellidae - Mordella sp.
Rove Beetle
Staphylinidae - Creophilus maxillosus
Staphylinidae - Creophilus maxillosus
Rove Beetle
Rove Beetle
Staphylinidae
Weevil
Curculionidae
Plum Curculio
Curculionidae - Conotrachelus nenuphar
Anterior
Larva, lateral/ventral view
Acorn Weevil
Curculionidae - Curculio sp.
Acorn Weevil
Curculionidae - Curculio sp.
Rhipiphoridae
Wedge-shaped Beetle
The End.
Chapter 20
Integrated Principles
of Zoology
Eleventh Edition
Hickman/Roberts/Larson
(c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.