Yo Sacramento!

Transcription

Yo Sacramento!

------
Will Cleveland & Mark Alvarez
Illustrations by Tate Nation
The Millbrook Press
Brookfield, Connecticut
.
·-
Cover illustration: Tate Nation
Cover design: Paul F. Rossmann
Book design: Deborah Fillion
Copyright© 1994, 1997 by Goodwood Press
Published in 1997 by The Millbrook Press
2 Old New Milford Road, Brookfield, Connecticut 06B04
Printed in the United States of America
5432
Ubrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cleveland, Will.
Yo, Sacramento! : and all those other state capitals you don't know I Will Cleveland and
Mark Alvarez.
p.
em .
Summary: Presents facts about each state with cartoon-style illustrations to serve
memory aids for the state capitals and quizzes to reinforce information.
ISBN 0-7613-0252-2 (lib. bdg.).- ISBN 0-7613-0237-9 (pbk.)
1. United States-Geography-Jwenile literature. 2. Capitals
(Cities}-United States-Jwenile literature. [1. United States--Geography
Miscellanea.2. Capitals (Cities)] I. Alvarez, Mark. II. Title.
E161.3.C44 1997
973- dc 20
96-42099
CIP
AC
as
For Jeanne and Audrey
with lots of love and laughs.
T.N.
Introduction
y wife, Anne, will not let our three children
dents in twenty minutes. It worked so well that
listen to a Walkman when we go on family
two things happened: First, it led to the creation of
M
trips in the car. She insists that we have "quality
time. " During such a trip not too long ago, I sat
driving, enveloped by the heavy silence, regret
ting that we were not making more "constructive"
our first book, Yo, Millard Fillmore! And second,
my children's friends stopped coming by the
house.
Since Yo, Millard Fillmore! came out, Tate
use of our time. All of sudden, like a bolt of pure
Nation, Mark Alvarez, and I have hit the lecture
inspiration, it struck me that we should ... memo
circuit speaking to Library Associations, Reading
rize the Presidents!
Councils, and schools about the memory tech
I got a list from the encyclopedia and, over
niques used in the book. Our presentations have
the next few trips, my children, Braden, Meg, and
been received enthusiastically by educators and
Will, made up the memory techniques that allow
students, who keep asking for a similar book to
anyone to memorize all the Presidents in twenty
help learn the states and their capitals. So here's
minutes. Later, one of Meg's friends was traveling
with us and I insisted on "teaching" her all the
Yo, Sacramento!
Mark writes all of the history on the Presidents
Presidents. She was so excited at how easy it all
and the states. Tate spends thousands of hours
was that she recited them the next day to her class.
preparing the illustrations and my kids thought
After that, whenever one of my children's friends
up the memory tricks. Yet, I get to have my name
would come by the house, I would take them into
listed first on the book. Is this a great country, or
the living room and teach them to recite the Presi-
what?
-Will Cleveland
--
* * Contents * *
How to Usc This Book ... ...
.
..
......
.vi
NEW ENGLAND .... .. ... . ... . .... 1
.
.
.
... .
. .
..
CONNECTICUT, Hartford ..............2
MAINE, Augusta .. . .... ..
..... .4
MASSACHUSETIS, Boston
.... 6
NEW HAMPSHIRE, Concord ........8
RHODE ISlAND, Providence ...... 10
VERMONT, Nlontpelier .. . ...
12
Let's try this little review.................... 14
.
. ..
..
.....
.
....
. ....
..
.....
MIDDLE ATt..ANnC .... ..... .......... 15
.
.
DElAWARE, Dover .
.
. . 16
. ..... 18
NEW JERSEY, Trenton
. . .....20
NEW YORK, Albany .... .. ... .... 22
PENNSYLVANIA, Harrisburg ... 24
Let's see what you remember . ... . 26
. .....
.. . .
MARYLAND, Annapolis ..
.. . .... . .
...... .
..... . ....
..
.
...
.
...
..
.. ....
SOUTH .. .. .. ... . ... ....
..
.
.
.. .
.
.
... . .. 27
......
.. .
.
AlABAMA, Nlontgomery . . ..... .28
..
.
.
. . .30
. .. 32
GEORGIA, Atlanta ....................... 34
KENTUCKY, Frankfort
.. . . . 36
LOUISIANA, Baton Rouge ... . . . .. 38
ARKANSAS, Little Rock
........... . .
FLORIDA, Tallahassee
......... ..
.........
. .
.....
... .
. . . .
MISSISSIPPI, Jackson .
.......
.... . ....40
. .
NORTH CAROLINA, Raleigh . ...42
..
..
SOUTH CAROLINA, Columbia .. 44
.
.
TENNESSEE, Nashville .... . ........46
..
. .
VIRGINIA, Richmond . . . ..
. .48
... 50
Let's review the southern states . .. . .52
.. . .. .
WEST VIRGINIA, Charleston .
... ...
....
.
.
.. .
. . . . .... . 53
ILLINOIS, Springfield . ... ...
54
INDIANA, Indianapolis . ..
56
IOWA, Des Nloines . . ..... ... 58
KANSAS, Topeka
... . . 60
MICHIGAN, Lansing . .. .... .. . 62
MINNESOTA, St. Paul .. ... ... .64
MISSOURI, Jefferson City ...... ......66
NEBRASKA, Lincoln. ... . .. ... . .68
NORTH DAKOTA, Bismarck . .. .70
OHIO, Columbus ...... . . . ...... .72
SOUTH DAKOTA, Pierre .. ..... .74
WISCONSIN, Madison ................76
Let's go over the midwestern states 78
MIDWEST
.
....... ..... ... . ..... ...
. ...
. ..
...
.....
... ....
......
.. . .
....
........
....
.... ... ....
...
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..
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..
. .
...
.
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.
.. .
..
.. .
.. .
. ..
.
. . ..
.
...
..
OKlAHOMA, Oklahoma City .......84
TEXAS, Austin .... .... .... . ...
..
.
... ..
...
..86
For a little practice, answer these.......88
MOUNTAIN .
. . . ... ..... . ..... 89
.90
IDAHO, Boise .... .. ...
. ... .92
MONTANA, Helena .
.... 94
NEVADA, Carson City
... . 96
UTAH, Salt Lake City ... . .. .....98
WYOMING, Cheyeme.. .. .. ...100
Let's see how you do . . ..... ....102
.. .... .
... ..
.
. .
COLORADO, Denver.. .. ......
...
.
..
.
.......
.
.. .........
....
...........
....
. ..
..
....
....
. ..
...
.
...
... .... .
..
PACIFIC . ... .... .... ... ... . .
.. 1 03
.... 104
CALIFORN lA, Sacramento .. .. . . 106
HAWAII, Honolulu . . ...
......108
OREGON, Salem.
... ...... . .110
WASHINGTON, Olympia . . ... 112
Let's see what you remember. ........ 114
.
.
.
.
..
... ... ...
.
.........
..
AlASKA, Juneau . .. .
.. .
.
..
.. ..
.......
. .
.....
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..
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.
....
.
...
SOUTHWEST .. . . ...... .... . .. ....79
.
.. .. ..
.
. .
.
ARIZONA, Phoenix . . ...... . . .... 80
.
.
.. ..
.
NEW MEXICO, Santa Fe . ....... .... 82
.
v
.
JUST FOR FUN.......................... 115
?????
118
NAME THAT STATE............... 119
BIBLIOGRAPHY....................... 120
..............................................
How to Use This Book
J
ust look at the cartoons and read the little stories
next to them. Then take the short test at the end
of each section. That's all there is to it. Each
picture has two parts. One of the parts looks
like the way the capital sounds and the other
looks like the way the state sounds. That way,
when you say the state's name, you will be
reminded of the picture that sounds like the
state. W hen you remember that picture, you will
also remember the part of the picture that sounds
like the capital's name.
... boys eat a hoe.
(Boise, Idaho)
vi
For instance, the capital of New Hampshire
is Concord. The cartoon shows a nude
hamster, which sounds like
New Hampshire, riding
on the Concorde jet.
When you think of New
Hampshire, you'll see in your
mind the picture of the nude hamster and
remember that he's riding the Concorde.
Once you know all the states and their
capitals, you can go back and read about
each of them on the left page. We think you'll
find them pretty interesting.
vii
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viii
MAINE
NEW HAMPSHIRE
VERMONT
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New
England
Tucked up i n the far northeast corner
of the U.S., New England landscapes
run the gamut from seashore to deep
woods to fierce and rugged moun
tains. There are lots of cities here, but
there are many small towns, too, and
MASSACHUSETTS
most of them still have Tow n Meet
ings, where citizens vote o n the major
issues facing them. It is a form of pure
democracy that exists in few other
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
parts of the country-or the world.
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Connecticut
"C onnect icut" means " long tidal river" in the language of the
la w sch ool in th is country was esta blished in L itchfield
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(CT)
Capital: Hartford
State Bird: Robin
State Flower: Mountain Laurel
State Tree: White Oak
5th state to enter the Union (January 9, 1788)
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48th largest state
who followed the directions expecting to see a
weird animal or strange exhibit found themselves
back on the street -"Egress" means "exit."
Barnum got rich when he became the manager
of a midget named Charles S. Stratton, whom he
called General Tom Thumb. He took the General
on a European tour, met with all manner or royal
ty, and raked in the loot. Barnum later managed
the American tour of Jenny Lind, "the Swedish
nightingale," who was probably the most popular
singer of the century. He eventually started a cir
cus that he called "The Greatest Show on Earth,"
the slogan its successor, the Ringling Brothers and
Barnum & Bailey Circus, still uses .
ne of the most famous Americans of the mid1800s was P.T. Barnum. He was born in
Bethel, and lived much of his life in Bridgeport.
Barnum is usually called a "showman," because
he built a vast fortune by promoting and display
ing things-things people might not have known
they wanted to see until Barnum persuaded them
they did. For over 20 years, he ran the American
Museum in New York, where many of his displays
were, simply, fakes. Barnum even called himself,
"Prince of the Humbugs."
When crowds got heavy at the museum, and
Barnum wanted to move people through quickly,
he hung up a sign that said, To The Egress. People
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Hartford,
Connecticut
Don't cry if you get
scratched. The heart in
the Ford wi l l drive by and
connect a cut.
The heart Ford
( Hartford) wi l l
connect a cut
(Connecticut).
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More lo bsters harvested here than in any other state
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Maine is one of the two New Eng land states that weren't
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Maine
(ME)
Capital: Augusta
State Bird: Chickadee
State Flower: White Pine Cone and Tassel
State Tree: White Pine
23rd state to enter the Union (March 15, 1 820)
*
39th largest state
-------�
I
ran out of ammunition. Then Chamberlain gave
the command to fix bayonets, and led his remain
ing men in a charge. The southern soldiers, who
had lost hundreds of men in their attacks, and who
were tired and worn out, ran away or surrendered.
The left wing of the northern army had held, and
the south had no chance to defeat the Federal
Army that day. The next morning, northern troops
hurled back Pickett's Charge, and won the battle.
Maine is proud to this day that its men may
have saved the Union. After the war, Chamberlain
was elected governor of the state. He is one of the
greatest heroes of a war that produced many on
both sides.
n July of 1863, the Confederate Army of North
ern Virginia ran into the Federal Army of the
Potomac at a little town in Pennsylvania named
Gettysburg. This accidental meeting sparked a
three-day battle that is often called the turning
point of the Civil War. On the second day of the
battle, southern troops planned to attack the far
left end of the northern army, defeat it, and then
"roll up" the whole northern line .
At that far left end of the line were stationed the
men of the Twentieth Maine Regiment, command
ed by Colonel Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain, who
had been a college professor when the war began.
They fought off many southern attacks, until they
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Augusta,
Maine
Hold onto your hat, a m ighty
gust of wind is blowing
down Main Street!
A gust of (Augusta)
wi nd on Main
(Ma i ne) Street.
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Harvard, i n Ca m bridge, was the first col lege esta blished in
Massachusetts
(MA )
Capital: Boston
State Bird: Chickadee
State Flower: Mayflower
State Tree: American Elm
6th state to enter the Union (February 6, 1788)
Y
ou know the poem about Paul Revere's ride,
don't you? '"Twas the eighteenth of April in
seventy-five ... One if by land, two if by sea ..." and
all that? It's a terrific poem that tells of Revere's
warning to the colonists that the British Redcoats
were on the march. But Revere wasn't the only
man who carried the message that "The British are
corning !" that night. William Dawes and Samuel
Prescott had also been sent into the countryside.
Robert Newman, sexton of Christ Church (what
we now call North Church) did hang two lanterns
in the belfry, but the signal was received by
Colonel Conant in Charlestown before Revere actu
ally made it across the Charles River.
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45th largest state
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On a small, quick horse he later called "very
good," Revere rode toward Lexington, spreading
the alarm. Once there, he met Dawes and Prescott,
and the three of them headed for Concord. Revere
never made it. He was detained by a British patrol
and his mount was taken from him. He walked
back to Lexington and was dragging a trunk of
vital papers belonging to John Hancock across the
Green to safety when the British arrived to con
front the local Minute Men and the "shot heard
'round the world" was fired to start the American
Revolution.
You can still see and visit Paul Revere's house in
Boston's north end.
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Boston,
Massach usetts
A city made of boxes is
cal l ed Box Town . I n the
center of Box Town is a
massive chess set.
Box Town ( Boston)
surrounds a
massive chess set
(Massachusetts).
7
"Granite State" * President Frank lin Pierce was born here
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The first of the original 13 c ol onies to dec lare that it was
New Hampshire
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(NH)
Capital: Concord
State Bird: Purple Finch
State Flower: Purple Lilac
State Tree: White Birch
9th state to enter the Union (June 21 , 1788)
M
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44th largest state
on pleasant summer days, you'll find many cars,
lots of people, and plenty of souvenirs to buy.
But Mount Washington is not to be trifled with .
Its weather is famous, changeable, and vicious.
Even in summer, temperatures can plummet
toward freezing, mists can roll in, and hikers can be
put to the severest tests. And in the winter-watch
out ! The weather is often unendurable by humans.
The highest wind speed ever recorded on earth
blew here : 231 miles per hour-and then the wind
gauge blew away!
ount Washington, in New Hampshire's White
Mountains, is the highest peak in the north
east. It's part of the Presidential Range, in which
you'll find summits named after both Adamses,
Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Jackson, and many
others, right up to Eisenhower.
This is rugged country, well above the tree-line,
but at 6,288 feet, Mount Washington doesn't seem
to measure up to the 14,000-footers of the West, let
alone the 20,000 feet of Denali in Alaska. And it
even has a road and a cog railway to its top, where,
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Concord,
N ew Ham pshire
Fasten your seat belt,
a nude hamster is rid i ng
atop the Concorde!
The Concorde
(Concord) i s bei ng
flown by a nude
hamster (New
Ham pshire).
9
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State" * The sec ond m ost densely p opu lated state
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* Last of the original 13 states
to sign the Constituti on
Rhode Island
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(RI)
Capital: Providence
State Bird : Rhode Island Red
State Flower: Violet
State Tree: Red Maple
13th state to enter the Union (May 29, 1790)
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50th largest state
and cared for by an Indian band led by Massasoit,
who had years before welcomed the Pilgrims to
Plymouth. Eventually, Williams bought land from
the Narragansetts and established a village that
would become Providence. Soon after, Anne
Hutchinson was forced to flee from Massachusetts
for her religious beliefs. She was welcomed by
Williams, who helped her buy land and establish
the town that became Portsmouth.
People in other colonies called Rhode Island "a
chaos of all religions," and "Rogue Island," but
these two pioneers of religious freedom set a tone
of tolerance in Rhode Island that was eventually
written into our Bill of Rights .
he Puritans came to Massachusetts for religions
freedom. But for them, that didn't include reli
gious freedom for others. T hey persecuted t hose
who didn't believe as they did. In doing so, they
caused the founding of Rhode Island.
Roger Williams came to Massachusetts with his
family in 1630, and was a preacher in several
towns . But he had strange ideas . He thought, for
one thing, that people should be able to worship
as they please . For another, he thought it was
wrong to steal land from the Indians. For t hese
and other "dangerous opinions," Williams was
banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. He
went south, w here he was temporarily taken in
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P rovidence,
R hode I sland
On the road island, a l l the
prophets are having a
dance-a prophet dance.
A prophet dance
( Providence) on a
road island ( Rhode
Island).
11
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Vermont
Montpeliec is the smallest state capital in the U.S. * The
means "green moun tain" * Fiest in ma ple symp production
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(VT)
Capital: Montpelier
State Bird: Hermit Thrush
State Flower: Red Clover
State Tree: Sugar Maple
1 4th state to enter the Union (March 4, 1791 )
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than Allen was born in Connecticut, but he
became the most famous and colorful figure in
Vermont history. Vermont wasn't an original
colony, but was known as "the New Hampshire
Grants," because the government of New Hamp
shire granted land there to settlers. In 1764, the
British decided that the area belonged to New
York, and that New Hampshire land grants were
invalid. Allen and other settlers weren't about to
pay for their land t wice, so they resisted. T he fa
mous Green Mountain Boys were essentially a
gang of grantsmen who terrorized "Yorkers" and
fought off attempts to enforce the new arrange
ment. Ethan Allen, the loudest and pushiest
*
43rd largest state
among them, was their leader. New York leaders
offered a reward of 20 pounds for his arrest.
When the Revolution came, Allen and the Boys,
along with Benedict Arnold (years before he be
came a traitor) captured Fort Ticonderoga from a
small and surprised British garrison. Allen was
later captured in the attack on Quebec, and wrote
a famous account of his cruel imprisonment. After
his release in 1778, Allen still couldn't get the Con
tinental Congress to recognize Vermont as a
state ...so he turned around and began to negotiate
with the British. He was accused of treason, but
the charges were never pressed. Allen died two
years before Vermont became the fourteenth State.
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Montpelier,
Vermont
Watch out when you go
mountain cl imb i ng, a
giga ntic varmint i s peel ing
away layers of the mountain
with h i s mountain peeler.
A mountain peeler
(Montpelier)
varmint (Vermont).
13
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• * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
•
•
•
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On what street is the gust of wind blowi
.
What's in the center of Box Town?
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Where are they having the prophet dance?
•
•
What can the heart Ford do for you?
What's riding on the Concorde?
•
•
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Let's try this little revie
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Who has a mountain peeler?
..· ···· ·
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Who can drive out and connect a cut?
fk1 What's the weather like on Main Street?
� In what city will you find the massive chess set?
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What type of jet does the nude hamster ride on?
What type of dance is held on the road island?
* * * * * * * * * * * *
What's the varmint doing?
*
*
*
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* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
14
NEW YORK
Middle
Atlantic
T hree o f the Middle Atlantic states
New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylva
nia-are among our most populous, and
are d efinitely " northern" in character.
Delaware and Maryland, o n the other
hand, are less heavily populated and are
border states, with a more southern feel.
Generally speaking, this is a n industrial
part of the country, but any region that
encompasses the Allegheny Mountains,
New York City, and Chesapeake Bay is
MARYLAND
clearly very diverse. This is true of most
of the regions in the U.S.
15
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highest point in Delawa re is only 442 feet a bove sea level
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Fi rst settled by the Swedes * Named for the English
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Delaware
(DE)
Capital: Dover
State Bird: Blue Hen Chicken
State Flower: Peach Blossom
State Tree: American Holly
1 st state to enter the Union (December 7, 1787)
*
49th largest state
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gress, but that, at the last possible minute, he got
the news from a black maid who smuggled it in to
him. Although many thought he couldn't possibly
make it to Philadelphia on time, he jumped on his
horse (or into his carriage-historians are .still ar
guing about this) and galloped off. He stopped on
ly to change exhausted horses on his way, and
made the 90-mile trip in the nick of time. He vot
ed for independence.
Eleven years later, Delaware became "the First
State" by ratifying the Constitution before any
of the other former colonies.
e've all heard of Paul Revere's Ride, but the
most famous event in Delaware history is
Caesar Rodney's Ride.
Rodney was a delegate from the Delaware
counties to the Continental Congress of 1776. He
returned home to help put down a threat by Tories
who were gathering to fight for the king. Back in
Philadelphia, the t wo remaining Delaware dele
gates were split on the issue of whether or not to
support the Declaration of Independence. Rodney
was needed to break the tie.
Legend has it that Tories intercepted a series of
messages sent to Rodney by his colleagues in Con-
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Dover,
Delaware
Sometimes del icatessen
owners just can't seem
to get a l ong and they
have a del i war. Maybe the
dove over the deli war
wi l l bring peace.
A dove over
(Dover) the deli war
(Delaware).
17
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has been home
to
the U.S. Naval Academy since 1845 *
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Only one of the 13 original colonies
to
be settled orig inally
Maryland
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( MD )
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Capital: Annapolis
State Bird: Baltimore Oriole
State Flower: Black-Eyed Susan
7th state to enter the Union (April 28, 1 788)
*
42nd largest state
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n September of 1814, the British were attacking
up the Chesapeake Bay, and one of their objec
tives was the city of Baltimore. They had captured
an American named William Beanes, and two of
his friends wanted to get him released. John Skin
ner and Francis Scott Key arrived in Baltimore
Harbor and won their friend's freedom, but the
British told them they'd have to stay on board a
prisoner-exchange ship until after the attack.
The Americans had asked Mrs. Mary Pickersgill
to make a huge American flag-over 50 feet
long-to fly above the fort. A great British bom
bardment began on September 13, and lasted all
day and all night . It included, not just cannon balls
and shells, but Congreave rockets, which trailed
through the sky and left a red glare in their wake.
Through the smoke and haze and darkness, Key
and his friends couldn't see what was happening.
As the mist cleared early in the morning of the
14th, they could see a flag waving above Fort
McHenry, and they soon realized it wasn't the
British ensign, but Mrs. Pickersgill's star-spangled
banner.
Key was so moved he sat down on the spot and
wrote the poem that was eventually set to music
and became our national anthem. The huge flag
still exists, and you can see it at the Museum of
History and Technology in Washington, D.C.
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18
Ann apolis,
Maryland
Al l the g irls are named
Mary so they cal l the place
Mary Ia nd They're all tak1ng
·
a nap a n d You 'd better not
.
wake them or you ' l l get��
trouble with the nap pollee.
A nap police
(Annapolis) i n Mary
land (Maryland).
is the greatest supply of fresh water in the Eastern U.S.
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Washington crossed the Delaware to get to New Jersey *
New Jersey
(NJ)
Capital: Trenton
State Bird: Eastern Goldfinch
State Flower: Purple Violet
State Tree: Red Oak
3rd state to enter the Union (December 1 8, 1787 )
W
hen the Revolutionary War began, a man
named William Franklin was the governor of
New Jersey. He was a London-trained lawyer, and
as events led toward war, he supported the British,
so he was what was known as a Loyalist (because
he was loyal to the king), or a Tor y.
He was also the son of Benjamin Franklin.
Needless to say, father and son, who had been
very close most of William's life, did not see eye to
eye on political matters. In 1776, William was
arrested by Revolutionary officials, and he was
sent to a horrible, vermin-ridden jail in Connecti
cut, far beyond the reach of those who might try to
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46th largest state
rescue him . His father, Benjamin Franklin, didn't
try to help him. In fact, his father made sure he was
closely watched, and that he was not exchanged for
prisoners held by the British.
W hen William was finally freed in 1778, he went
to New York, where the British Army had its head
quarters. There he began to take his revenge by
seeing to the execution of a number of prisoners
held by the British.
After the war, William Franklin spent the rest of
his life in England, and never reconciled with his
father. Benjamin Franklin, great American states
man, seldom mentioned his son again.
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20
Trenton,
N ew Jersey
The engineer o n train ten
gives out new jerseys to
the football team .
Train ten (Trenton)
bri ngs new jerseys
( New Jersey).
21
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Revolution on America's side * Called the "Empire State"
®
First European settlers were Dutch * Region was first g
New York
( NY)
Capital: Albany
State Bird: Bluebird
State Flower: Rose
1 1 th state to enter the Union (July 26, 1 788)
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he U.S. has always been a country of immi
grants, but the tide from Europe was especially
strong in the last half of the last century and the
first few years of this one. Between 1892 and 1924,
most people coming to the United States sailed
into New York Harbor, glided past the Statue of
Liberty, docked in Manhattan, were off-loaded in
to barges, and were ferried to Ellis Island .
Here, they walked under a large canopy into a
huge building, picked up their belongings in the
Baggage Hall, and then moved into the Great Hall,
where doctors and inspectors processed up to
10,000 people a day. Immigrants had to be healthy,
*
30th largest state
so everyone was examined. Most people-about
80 percent-passed, but those who didn't were
deported-sent back to the country they'd come
from. This rejection often caused terrible anguish.
Imagine how families felt when one member
could not be allowed in.
About a third of the people who passed
through Ellis Island stayed in the New York area.
The rest, of many nationalities and religions,
fanned out across the country, looking, as new
Americans always had, for a place to put down
roots, live a decent life, and savor the freedom of
the new world.
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22
Albany,
New York
The owl and bunny sure
like riding on the brand
new yak.
An owl and bunny
(Al bany) on a new
yak ( New York).
� Buchanan was born here * Called the "Keystone State"
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to
Wil liam Pen n * Name means "Pen n's Woods"
Pennsylvania
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33rd largest state
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24
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in Philadelphia than for Continental dollars to the
starving army at Valley forge.
Washington feared a mutiny. Instead, he got a
better-drilled army. Baron von Steuben (who
wasn't really a Baron, but who was a highly pro
fessional soldier) arrived in February to teach
military skills to the poorly-trained Americans.
Morale improved, though conditions didn't. Wash
ington broke camp in June. He and his army faced
many more dark days before defeating Cornwallis
at Yorktown, but Valley Forge became the symbol
of hardships overcome.
uring the Revolution, armies didn't campaign
against each other during the winter- it was
too hard to get around. The winter of 1777-1778
was an especially difficult one for the Americans.
The British had taken Philadelphia, forcing Con
gress to flee, and General Washington had estab'
lished his winter camp at Valley Forge.
During a fierce winter, the Americans faced their
first, but by no means their last, great test of mis
ery. Thousands of soldiers died of cold, hunger,
and disease. Farmers in the countryside seemed
much more eager to sell food for gold to the J3ritish
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Capital: Harrisburg
State Bird: Ruffed Grouse
State Flower: Mountain Laurel
State Tree: Hemlock
2nd state to enter the Union (December 12, 1 787)
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Harrisb urg,
Pennsylvania
Which way is the wind
blowing? Wel l , look up
at the hairy bird on the
pencil vane.
A hairy bird
(Harrisburg) on the
pencil vane
( Pennsylvania).
25
:
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Q
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Let's see what you remember.
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*
*
*
What is the peace dove over, that he might have a chance of stopping?
*
Where do the nap police patrol?
*
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What does train ten give out to the team?
What do the owl and bunny ride on?
@
What type of vane does the hairy bird sit on?
�
What flies over t�e deli war?
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� Who will arrest you for making noise in Mary land?
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Which train brings the new jerseys?
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
What two animals ride on the new yak?
*
What type of bird sits on the pencil vane?
*
*
*
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
26
WEST VIRGINIA
VIRGINIA
TENNESSEE
ARKANSAS
South
With a few exceptions, this region
is made up of "the old Confed
eracy." The exceptions are Ken
tucky and West Virginia, which
are included but never seceded
FLORIDA
from the Union, and Texas, which
seceded from the Union but isn't
included. Parts of the South have
been industrialized for years, but
much
of
the
region
remained
a gricultural a n d relatively poor
while other parts of the country
boomed. This is changing quickly.
27
* I n Enterprise, there is a monu ment to the Boll Weevil
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Montgomery was the first ca pita l of the Confederacy *
Alabama
CAL)
Capital: Montgomery
State Bird: Yellowhammer
State Flower: Camellia
State Tree: Southern Pine
22nd state to enter the Union (December 1 4, 1819)
*
29th largest state
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The first segregated outfits were deployed to
n July 1941, twelve men began training at
I
Tuskeegee to become Army Air Force combat
fliers . That doesn't sound like a big deal does it?
We were soon to enter World War II, and millions
of men would be training to be fliers, sailors,
Marines, and soldiers.
But these men were black, and they were the
first African Americans ever taught to be fighter
pilots. Many white people at that time didn't think
black men had the courage or the will to perform
under danger and pressure . The Tuskeegee airmen
proved them wrong, as their fathers and grandfa
thers had done during the Revolution, the Civil
War, and as "Buffalo Soldiers" on the frontier.
North Africa in April of 1943. From that point to
the end of the war, they compiled an outstanding
record, flying 1,600 combat missions, 15,000 sor
ties, and shooting down almost 600 enemy planes.
One of the main jobs of the Tuskegee airmen
was to protect American bombers during their
missions over Italy and other parts of Europe.
During the whole war, the Tuskeegee airmen
never lost a single bomber to an enemy plane .
Benjamin 0. Davis, their commander, became the
first African-American general. President Harry S
Truman ordered the integration of the Armed
Forces in 1948.
Montgomery,
Alabama
Ali Baba found
a treasure in the magic
mountain of gum.
A mountain of gum
(Montgomery) holds
Ali Baba's
(Alabama) treasure.
29
� Fort Smith was a rough and ready gateway to the west
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Called the "Land of Opportun ity" * The smal lest state
Arkansas
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Capital: Little Rock
State Bird: Mockingbird
State Flower: Apple Blossom
State Tree: Pine
2s th state to e nte r th e u n ion < J u n e 1 s , 1 8 36 ) * 2 7 th la rgest state
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _____ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___________
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from the only diamond mine in the United States.
A few of the stones were very fine, high-quality
gems suitable for jewelry, although most were
good only for industrial purposes. (Diamonds are
among the hardest substances known to man, and
are often used to cut or abrade metals.) After 1925,
the mine was no longer making its investors
enough money, and it was closed.
Nowadays, the site is called Crater of Diamonds
State Park. It is open to the public, and if you pay
a fee, you can hunt for diamonds yourself.
n 1906, a man named John M. Huddleston
picked up a few stones from his farm three miles
outside Murfreesboro, and took them to a jeweler
in town. Huddleston knew he had something out
of the ordinary, but both men were astonished to
find that the stones were diamonds.
Once the word got out, the area vibrated with
excitement. Within two years, investors had
bought Huddleston's farm for $38,000-a small
fortune in 1908-and got about the business of
mining. For the next 17 years they extracted gems
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Little Rock,
Arkansas
Did you know that an
ark can saw a little rock?
A little rock (Litt le
Rock) that an a rk
can saw (Arkansas).
31
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Florida means "full of flowers" * St. Augustine: the first
Florida
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(FL)
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Capital: Tallahassee
State Flower: Orange Blossom
State Tree: Sabal Palm
27th state to enter the Union (March 3, 1 845)
T
he Indians most associated with Florida are the
Seminoles, who actually were Creeks who
moved south late in the 1700s. The Seminoles wel
comed fleeing slaves, and Andrew Jackson at
tacked them in the First Seminole War in 18 1 7 in
an attempt to recapture these runaways.
The Seminoles were driven south, and were giv
en a reservation near Lake Okeechobee. By the
1830s, white settlers wanted that land, and the Sec�
ond Seminole War began. It was expensive for
both sides. The U.S. lost 2,000 soldiers and spent
about $50 million. For the Seminoles it was even
worse. They lost their land when their leader,
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22nd largest state
Osceola, was captured when he agreed to a meet
ing under a flag of truce. The tribe was forced on
to the "trail of tears" to "Indian Territory" in Ok
lahoma. The trail got its name from the Cherokees
who called it Nunna dual Tsunyi, "the trail where
we cried," because thousands of their people died
of disease and hunger as they were marched west
by the U.S. military.
A Third Seminole War broke out in the 1850s,
when the government wanted to clear out the few
remaining bands of Indians. The most "trouble
some" were paid by the U.S. to join their relatives
who had already made the trek to Oklahoma.
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Tallahassee,
F lorida
The taller Lassie stands on
a floor of dots while the
shorter Lassie is on a plai n
floor.
A taller Lassie
(Ta l lahassee) is on
a floor of dots
(Florida).
33
� Ruth's career record-in Atlanta's Fulton County Stadium
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Capital: Atlanta
State Bird: Brown Thrasher
State Flower: Cherokee Rose
State Tree: Live Oak
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4th state to enter the Union (January 2, 1 788)
E
li Whitney got rich as the inventor of mass pro
duction, in which relatively unskilled workers
assemble products out of parts that are all exactly
alike. But he is most famous as the inventor of the
cotton gin. In the early 1790s, he was staying on
the plantation of Catherine Greene, widow of
Nathaniel Greene, a famous Revolutionary War
general. He learned that planters could sell all the
cotton they had to textile mills in England. There
was a problem, though. It took forever to separate
the desirable cotton fibers from the unwanted cot
ton seeds.
Whitney quickly designed a simple machine in
which wires plucked the fibers from the seed pod.
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This didn't quite do the trick, though. The fibers
still had to be stripped by hand from the wires.
Catherine Greene suggested adding a brush to the
apparatus. With this modification, the cotton gin
was complete. Cotton soon became King in the
South and-tragically-planters turned more and
more to slave labor to raise and harvest their
crops.
Catherine Greene's contribution in perfecting
the cotton gin is forgotten by almost everyone.
Maybe this is because she was a woman. Maybe
it's because Whitney's reputation grew so large in
later years. Whatever the reason, there's no reason
for us not to remember her.
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Georgia
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Atlanta,
Georgia
How wou ld you l i ke to be
tried i n court where there is
a hat lantern doing the
judging?
The hat lantern
(Atlanta) is i n court
judging (Georg ia).
35
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largest prod uction of bou rbon * The "Bluegrass State"
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The Kentucky Derby, run since 1875 at Churchill Downs in
Kentucky
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( KY)
Capital: Frankfort
State Bird: Kentucky Cardinal
State Flower: Goldenrod
State Tree: Kentucky Coffeetree
1 5th state to enter the Union (June 1 , 1 792)
H
*
37th largest state
Because Mammoth Cave has a constant temper
ature of 54 degrees, it "inhales" when the outside
temperature is higher and "exhales" when the
outside temperature is lower.
At Mammoth Cave, you can see underground
rivers, lakes, and waterfalls, as well as colorful,
oddly shaped rock formations. As a visitor, you can
see about 12 miles of Mammoth Cave, and you can
descend as far as 360 feet below ground level. But
that's just a small part of the whole system, in
which over 200 m iles of passages have been
explored. People who explore caves are called
"spelunkers."
ave you ever stopped to think what's under
your feet? In parts of Kentucky, you can't help
but wonder. The bedrock in large areas of the state
is limestone, which is relatively soft, and which
reacts chemically to dissolve in mildly acidic
water.
This process, going on for millions of years, has
formed Mammoth Cave, which is part of Mam
moth Cave National Park. The cave was discovered
in 1799 by a hunter who was tracking a wounded
animal. Combined with the Flint Ridge cave sys
tem, to which it's connected, the Mammoth Cave
system is the longest we know of.
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36
F ra n kfort,
Kentucky
To keep it from being eaten
too soon, the frank fort
protects the canned
turkey.
A frank fort
( Frankfort) protects
a canned turkey
( Kentucky).
37
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Na med after King Louis XI V of France * Baton Rouge
in the Un ion that has "parishes" instead of "counties"
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Louisiana
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(LA )
Capital: Baton Rouge
State Bird: Brown Pelican
State Flower: Magnolia
State Tree: Bald Cypress
18th state to enter the Union (April 30, 1812)
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31 st largest state
ly against the barricades Jackson's men had built
of cotton bales, planks, and mud. These troops
were veterans of the brutal campaigns of the
Napoleonic Wars in Europe. They were brave,
well-trained, and used to success against the best
army in the world. But over 2,000 of them were
killed in a series of assaults. Pakenham himself
was shot out of the saddle, mortally wounded.
The Americans, well protected behind their barri
cades, lost only seven men. It was one of the
worst defeats ever suffered by the British Army.
And it was all for nothing-the peace treaty had
been signed two weeks before, but word hadn't
made it across the ocean yet.
uring the war of 1812, the British wanted
access to the Mississippi River. To get it, they
had to take New Orleans, where General Andrew
Jackson had been assigned to hold them off.
Jackson had about 1,000 regular troops, 2,000 mili
tiamen of varying quality, and the services of
smuggler Jean Lafitte and his crews. There were
actually several battles around New Orleans from
late December, 1814, through early January, 1815,
as the British General Pakenham tried to defeat
the force his superiors called "the contemptible
Dirty Shirts."
In the final British assault, Pakenham had over
6,000 troops to use. He sent his main force direct-
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Baton R ouge,
Louisia na
The roach never could hit !
Once again, the batting
roach loses an inning.
The batting roach
C Baton Rouge)
loses an inning
. ( Louisiana).
39
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La Sa lle both explored through the Mississippi region *
v
James Meredith integrated the U n iversity of M ississippi �
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Mississippi
(MS)
�
Capital: Jackson
State Flower: Magnolia
State Tree: Magnolia
s.:
20th state to enter the Union ( December 10, 181 7)
M
ississippi's most famous statesman was also
for a few years the most hated man in the
United States. Jefferson Davis was the President of
the Confederacy during the Civil War. He was
born in Kentucky, but was brought to Mississippi
as a baby. He grew up at Rosemount Plantation in
Wilkinson County, and eventually established his
own plantation, Briarfield. Davis was a soldier and
politician who eventually became a Congressman,
a Senator, and Secretary of War, before becoming a
Senator again. He was the strongest and most
respected spokesman of the South during the de
bates over states rights and the extension of slav
ery into the territories.
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32nd largest state
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When Mississippi seceded, Davis resigned from
the Senate and went home, hoping to be named to
head t he new Confederate army. Instead, he was
named President. He was a dignified man of ab
solute integrity, but he was a rigid man, and he
had many bitter opponents even in the South.
As the war ended, Davis fled south, hoping to
reach Cuba, from w hich he could start a new life.
He was captured by the Union Army, w hich false
ly accused him of disguising himself as a woman,
and imprisoned for two years, under indictment
for treason. He was eventually freed, and lived out
most of his last years at "Beauvoir," which you
can visit near Biloxi.
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Jackson,
M ississip pi
No matter how much the
I ittle guy tries, the jack's son
a lways misses a sip of tea.
The jack's son
(Jackson)
misses a sip of tea
(Mississippi).
41
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rad io SOS was sent off the shores of Cape Hatteras *
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First English colony in the New World was esta blished on 711
North Carolina
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(NC)
Capital: Raleigh
State Bird: Cardinal
State Flower: Flowering Dogwood
State Tree: Pine
1 2th state to enter the Union (November 21 , 1789)
0
kay, you know that the Wright brothers made
their first flight at Kitty Hawk but do you
know why? This area, on North Carolina's Outer
Banks, has wide beaches, high, soft hills of sand,
and-most important of all-constant winds.
Airplanes fly because their wings are shaped
to create "lift" as air passes over them. For their
low-powered, slow-moving m achine, the Wrights
needed a steady, strong, and reliable breeze to fly
their plane into if they hoped to create enough lift
to get off the ground. They sailed gliders at Kitty
Hawk for several years, experimenting with wing
forms and learning lessons they would incorporate
into their first airplane.
*
28th largest state
W ilbur and Orville Wright ran a bicycle shop in
D ayton, Ohio. They had never graduated from
high school, but they read everything they could
about flight.
On the morning of December 17, 1903, Orville
climbed onto the wing of their 745-pound biplane.
As the 12-horsepower engine moved the wheel
less plane off its rail and into the air, Wilbur ran
alongside to keep the 40-foot wing steady. The first
flight lasted only 12 seconds and spanned about 120
feet-less than half the length of a football field.
The brothers took turns flying through the day, and
by the end of the afternoon they h ad stretched their
longest flight to 59 seconds and 852 feet.
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42
Raleigh,
North Carolina
Norse carrots line up
in front of the crowd
at a pep rally.
At the rally
( Raleigh) the Norse
carrots line up
(North Carol ina).
43
-t5 Street Theater, the nation's oldest theater, is in Charleston
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Cha rleston was originally called Charles Town * Smallest
South Carolina
(SC)
Capital: Columbia
State Bird: Carolina Wren
State Flower: Carolina Jessamine
State Tree: Palmetto
8th state to enter the Union (May 23, 1 788)
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n early 1780, Charleston fell to the British, and
over 5,000 Americans were captured. It was a
catastrophe for the Americans, and the British
thought they would soon win the war. But a South
Carolina officer named Francis Marion hadn't
been in Charleston, and he remained free. By the
end of the summer, he was leading a guerrilla
force that was driving the British crazy. His men
had very little ammunition, and they supplied
their own horses and food.
Marion knew the countryside, and he combined
his formal training as a soldier with his under
standing of "Indian-style" fighting to become one
*
44
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40th largest state
of the great guerrilla fighters in American history.
Marion and his men would hit the British
sharply, often at night, and always at a vulnerable
point, then escape back to the rivers, swamps,
bogs, and tangles they knew so well. Marion's
main refuge was on Snow Island in the Pee Dee
River. The British commander finally ordered the
famous British cavalry colonel Banastre Tarleton to
follow Marion, find him, and capture him. Tar
leton did his best, but finally gave up after track
ing through the terrible terrain. It was he who
gave the South Carolinian his nickname: "The
Swamp Fox."
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Col u mbia,
South Carolina
When i t gets real cold sows
don't l i ke walki ng through
a cold l umber yard and they
don't l i ke being crowded.
So, sow carriers line up in
a cold lumber yard.
I n a cold lumber
yard (Col umbia)
sow carriers line
up (South Caro l i na).
45
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created
to
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work on the atomic bomb duri ng World Wa r II *
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Andrew Jackson, "Old H ickory," l ived at The Herm itage in
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(TN )
Capital: Nashville
State Flower: Iris
State Tree: Tulip Poplar
1 6th state to enter the Union (June 1 , 1796)
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34th largest state
Louis Blues, but he wrote the Memphis Blues first.
Beale Street, now renewed, is still worth a trip.
Halfway across the state, Nashville is the home
of country music. The Grand Ole Opry started
there in 1925, and was broadcast weekly for years
from Ryman Auditorium downtown. The show
moved to Opryland-a big, glossy entertainment
park-in 1974, and continues as country music's
premier showcase. A restored Ryman reopened in
1994, and is once again home to good singin' and
pickin'. These are all great places to visit.
orn on a mountaintop in Tennessee ...."
Actually, as much as we love Davy Crockett,
Tennessee's most famous legend, there's much bet
ter music than this available in the Volunteer State.
Tennessee is full of music. Elvis Presley, of
course, was raised in Memphis, and built the fab
ulous Graceland there. But Memphis had its own
music long before Elvis came along. It's often
called "the home of the blues," which makes it one
of the homes of jazz, rock, and folk music, too.
W.C. Handy's most famous piece may be the St.
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46
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Nashville,
Ten nessee
The sharks l i ke to gnash
the veal served at the
tent at sea.
Sharks gnash veal
(Nashvi l le) by the
tent at sea
(Tennessee).
47
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g reat Civil War soldiers Robert E. Lee & Stonewall Jackson
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Largest and most important colony before the Revolution *
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(VA)
Cil
Capital: Richmond
State Flower: Dogwood
State Tree: Dogwood
1 0th state to enter the Union (June 25, 1788)
D
uring the American Revolution, there had been
bitter fighting all through the South during
1780 and 1781. Lord Cornwallis, who commanded
British troops in that region, eventually decided to
move north. In August of 1781, Cornwallis led his
army into Virginia, to Yorktown. He expected to
be resupplied by ships coming from t he British
headquarters in New York. But the French fleet,
led by Admiral De Grasse, beat off the British
ships. At about the same time, the joint American
and French army led by George Washington sur
rounded Yorktown and laid siege to Cornwallis'
army. After two weeks of battering, Cornwallis
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*
36th largest state
surrendered his 8,000 troops. As they marched out
to stack their weapons, British musicians played a
tune called " T he World Turned Upside Down."
You can still see the trenches the armies dug at
Yorktown over 200 years ago.
It's interesting to think about two things. First,
Washington couldn't have won at Yorktown with
out the aid of the French. And second, the defeat
at Yorktown didn't destroy the British militarily. It
simply forced a change in the political landscape
in London, because the Prime Minister resigned.
T he new cabinet decided to negotiate with the
Americans, and a final treaty was signed in 1783.
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48
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Richmond,
V irginia
A fur genie grants the
wishes of a rich man.
A rich man
( Richmond) a nd his
fur genie (Vi rgi n ia).
49
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a
U.S. mail began here in 1896 * The "Mountain State"
�
West Virg in ia consists of counties that seceded from the
West Virginia
�
�
( WV )
Capital: Charleston
State Flower: Rhododendron
35th state to enter the Union (June 201 1 863)
I
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n 1859, a man who gave his name as Isaac Smith
rented property across the Potomac River from
Harpers Ferry, in what is now West Virginia. This
man was, in fact, John Brown, a famous-some
would say infamous-opponent of slavery in the
United States. Brown and his family had been in
volved in the bitter violence over slavery in the
Kansas Territory, and he was now watching
Harpers Ferry because he had an idea for an event
that would trigger slave revolt throughout the
southern states.
On October 16, Brown and 18 others, including
several of his sons, attacked and occupied the fed
eral arsenal at Harpers Ferry. They expected
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41 st largest state
slaves to rise and flock to them to be armed. They
were mistaken. Locals pinned down the raiding
party in the building and called for help. A com
pany of Marines under army colonel Robert E.
Lee arrived and stormed the little band in the ar
senal. John Brown was wounded, captured, and
tried for treason. He was hanged on December 2,
and immediately became a martyr to the cause of
abolition. His actions and his death focused atten
tion, not just on the institution of slavery, but on
what sort of blood and struggle it might take to
eradicate it .
Many historians date the true beginning of the
Civil War to Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry.
*
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so
C h a rleston,
West V i rg i n ia
We don't know why he
cooks them so long and
then throws them away, but
the wasteful genie l i kes to
char stones.
Charred stones
(Charleston) cooked
by a wasteful genie
(West Vi rginia).
51
*
*
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*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
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Who can do what to a little rock?
eo Where does the taller Lassie stand?
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What does the hat lantern do in court?
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*
*
*
*
*
Let's review the southern states
Who hides his treasure in the mountain of gum?
oo •o•
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*
What does the frank fort protect
so it won't get eaten too early?
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At the rally, who lines up in front of the crowd?
�o will you see in a line up in a cold lumber yard?
0@Where do the sharks get to gnash veal?
Who grants the wishes of a rich man?
*
*
*
*
�
What kind of lantern does the judging in court?
What's protecting the canned turkey .
Who misses a sip of tea
no matter how hard he tries not to?
Who cooks and then throws away
the charred stones?
*
*
*
*
*
,
··
·
.
*
*
� At what do the Norse carrots line up
for people to cheer?
Where do the sow carriers line up?
�
*
*
What do the sharks do to what's served
on the tent at sea?
*
For whom does the genie grant wishes?
*
What does the wasteful genie like to cook
and then throw away?
�
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*
*
Which dog is standing on the floor of dots?
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An ark can saw what?
Who's always losing an inning?
(1:{
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Where does Ali Baba hide his treasure?
r
What is the batting roach doing when he strikes out? \17"'
� What does the jack's son do
�when he tries to drink politely?
t
*
*
*
*
*
52
NORTH DAKOTA
Midwest
Generally speaking, this is a great
agricultural area, with states like
Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, and parts
of others making up the nation's
OHIO
NEBRASKA
KANSAS
INDIANA
ILLINOIS
MISSOURI
53
"breadbasket. " But there's lots of
i n dustry and many big cities in
the upper midwest around the
Great Lakes, as well as Tugged
woods and lakes in the far north.
�
i
building) is 1,454 feet ta ll-5 times the Statue of Liberty
�
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O'Hare Airport in Chicago is the busiest airport in the world *
I llinois
( I L)
Capital: Springfield
State Flower: Native Violet
21 st state to enter the Union (December 3, 1 818)
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24th largest state
to do. He detested the idea that a bank building,
for example, should look like a temple to Zeus.
He and his partner Dankmar Adler, had already
designed a number of buildings that are now con
sidered masterpieces of American architecture.
Some, like the Auditorium, can still be seen in
Chicago.
Today, Louis Sullivan is remembered most often
for being an early employer of another great ar
chitect, Frank Lloyd Wright. But many of his pro
jects have become American classics, and he de
serves to stand alone, near the very top of his
profession.
n 1893, Chicago held the World's Columbian Ex
hibition. Most of the buildings for this world's
fair were white and columned-built to look as if
they might have come from ancient Greece or
Rome. So the Transportation Building, long, low
and arched, with a colorful entry that came to be
called the "Golden Door," stood out.
Its designer was Louis Sullivan, one of Ameri
ca's great architects, and one of the important
members of what has come to be called "the
Chicago School." Sullivan's idea was that the
form of a building-what it looked like - should
be dictated by its function-what it was supposed
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Sp ringfield,
Illinois
If you don't like
com p l a i n i ng, cover your
ears. In the spring field
a l l you' l l hear is ill noises.
In the spring field
(Spri ngfield) you' l l
hear ill noises
( I l l i nois).
55
't
musical instru ments * Known as the "Hoosier State"
The original I ndiana Territory included what is now I ndiana,
Indiana
(IN)
Capital: Indianapolis
State Flower: Peony
State Tree: Tulip Tree
1 9th state to enter the Union (December 11, 181 6)
Y
*
38th largest state
seh's brother, who was called the Prophet. The next
day, the Indians attacked. In a brutal fight, both
sides suffered serious losses (Harrison's troops
actually lost more men than the Indians), but the
P rophet and his men were driven off. Harrison
reported that he had inflicted the worst defeat on
the Indians "since their acquaintance with the
white people." This wasn't true, but it made Harri
son's reputation anyway.
Once he was elected President, Harrison gave a
long inaugural speech in bad weather, caught
pneumonia, and was dead in a month. He was our
shortest-serving President.
ou know the slogan "Tippecanoe and Tyler,
too," don't you? It had a lot to do with the vic
tory of W illiam Henry Harrison in the 1840 Presi
dential election . But, you may ask, what is all this
Tippecanoe business?
Way back in 1811, Harrison had been the gover
nor of what was then Indiana Territory (which
included much more than the current state of Indi
ana). Tecumseh was trying to rally the Indians of
the area to get together and fight the encroaching
whites. Harrison moved to put a stop to the Indian
threat. In the first week of November, he camped
on the Tippecanoe River, near the camp of TecumIS\
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56
Indianapolis,
Indiana
They don't have to fight
anymore. The Indian ant
is sharing the peace pipe
with the Indian apples.
Indian apples
(I ndianapolis) take
the peace pipe
from the Indian ant
(Indiana).
57
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the "Hawkeye State" * Delicious apples origi nated here
cia.
�
I owa's eastern boundary is the M ississippi River; most of its
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Iowa
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Capital: Des Moines
State Bird: Eastern Goldfinch
State Flower: Wild Rose
State Tree: Oak
29th state to enter the Union (December 28, 1846)
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25th largest state
and gradually earned the nickname "Parson"
among his teammates and around the league . Af
ter the 1890 season, he quit baseball and took a job
at the YMCA. Before long, he had hit the road,
preaching the gospel in tents and halls.
He became famous for the physical nature of
his preaching . He'd wave his arms, jump around
the stage, and-always a crowd favori te - run
full-tilt across the stage and throw himself into the
kind of slide he used when he was stealing bases
for Chicago . He used his baseball career as a
source of lessons and stories, and Billy Sunday
quickly became -and remained for many years
the best known evangelist in the land.
oung William Sunday of Nevada, Iowa, was a
fine baseball player. He was so good that he
was eventually signed to play for the great Chica
go White Stockings of the National League-a
club run by another Iowan, Adrian "Cap" Anson
of Marshalltown, who is now a member of the
Baseball Hall of Fame.
Sunday was a very speedy runner, and he was
an immediate success as an outfielder and
baserunner, although he never developed into
much of a hitter.
Ballplayers in those days were a rough and
ready lot. Most were poorly educated, and many
were alcoholics . Sunday was different, though,
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58
Des M oines,
Iowa
After spending a l l
day mowing a path to the
l i brary, it's c l osed when he
fina l ly gets there. "Oh no, my
book is overdue, " he thinks. "
Now, I owe a fi ne! "
After a II day
mowing ( Des
Moi nes) he thi nks,
"I owe a ( Iowa) fi ne. "
59
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of Abilene, Dodge City, and Hays City * "Sunflower State"
S:
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Ca lled "Bleeding Kansas" in 1850s, when slaveholders and
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Capital: Topeka
State Bird: Western Meadow Lark
State Flower: Sunflower
State Tree: Cottonwood
34th state to enter the Union (January 29, 1 861 )
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14th largest state
Carry Nation took her campaign outside of
Kansas, and was arrested a number of times for
breaking up saloons in states where drinking was
legal. She was the best known member of what
was called the temperance movement (few of
whose members were as violent as she was), which
ultimately succeeded in passing an amendment to
the Constitution which made drinking alcohol ille
gal throughout the United States. This amendment
was very unpopular in many parts of the country.
During the "Roaring '20s" lots of people broke the
law to drink any way, and the amendment was
repealed after only 14 years in 1933.
uring the 1890s, a big, strong woman from
Kansas named Carry Nation became the most
famous woman in the United States. An actress ?
Nope. A writer ? Nope. A politician? Not too many
women in that line back then. Carry Nation made
herself famous -infamous, really - by smashing
up saloons.
In her younger days, she had been married to an
alcoholic, and after she moved to Kansas with her
new husband, she found that the state's prohibition
laws were not being enforced. She decided to
enforce them herself, and began a campaign of
destruction that made her and her axe familiar
images to Americans.
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Topeka,
Ka nsas
He's s o shy, look a t the
toe peeking around
the cans of S's.
A toe peeking
(Topeka) around
cans of S's ( Kansas).
61
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long -only Alaska's is longer * The 'Wolverine State"
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Antoine de I a Mathe Cadillac founded Detroit * Ottawa
Michigan
(MI)
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Capital: Lansing
State Bird: Robin
State Flower: Apple Blossom
State Tree: White Pine
*
23rd largest state
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in 1916. Ford could lower his prices on the "Tin
Lizzie" because he had developed the first moving
assembly line, w hich allowed quick, efficient mass
production.
Ford was a good friend of Thomas Edison,
w ho had encouraged him to work on his " horse
less carriage" back in the 1890s. The two became
vacation neighbors, and Ford gave Edison a 1917
Model T that w as upgraded over the next ten
years every time the designers or engineers back
in Detroit made an advance. The result is a unique
automobile that was Edison's favorite, and that
can still be seen at the Edison /Ford Winter Estates
in Fort Myers, Florida.
ichigan is the center of the American car in
dustry. Its most important early figure was
Henry F ord, who established the Ford Motor
Company in 1903.
Although his company had terrible labor trou
bles in t he 1930s, Ford began as an enlightened
employer. In 1914, w hen the going wage was un
der $2 for a 9-hour day, he offered his adult work
ers $5 for an 8-hour day. He wanted his workers to
feel secure, and to have enough money to buy the
product they were making.
That product, in those days, was the f amous
Model T, a simple, c he ap, well-made car that be
gan selling for $850 in 1908, but that cost only $360
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Lansing,
Michigan
One of the lambs
singing to the wolves
is nervous because he's
missing a gun.
A lamb singing
( Lansing) is missing
a gun (Michigan).
63
from Minneapolis * A major producer of dairy products
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State Bird: Common Loon
State Flower: Pink and White Lady's Slipper
State Tree: Norway Pine
32nd state to enter the Union (May 1 1 , 1 858)
*
12th largest state
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n 1898, a farmer from Kensington named Olof
Ohman claimed to have dug up a stone on his
farm that was covered with ancient writings,
called runes. The " Kensington Rune Stone" was
studied by experts, who made this translation:
"Eight Goths [Swedes] and twenty-two Norwe
gians, on a journey of discovery from Vinland
westward. We camp by two skarries [islands] one
day's journey north of this stone. We were out
fishing one day. W hen we returned home, we
found ten men red of blood and dead. Ave Virgo
Maria. Save us from evil" There were more runes
on the edge of the stone: "[We] have ten men by
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the sea to look after our ships fourteen days' jour
neys from this island. [In the] year [of our Lord]
1362."
Many people believed that this was proof of
Viking explorations in North America long before
Columbus. But the Kensington Rune Stone, now
kept by the Chamber of Commerce of Alexandria,
is today believed to be a hoax, perpetrated by
Ohman, a local schoolmaster named Sven, Fogel
blad, and a neighbor, John Gran. They all hoped to
have a good laugh at the highly educated scholars
they could fool into believing in the stone. The y
certainly got what they were after.
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M i n nesota
Saint Paul did not need to
worry a bout getti ng thi rsty
because along the road
there were many sodas.
Saint Paul (St. Pau l )
wa l ked by many
sodas (Mi nnesota).
65
Arch in St. Louis is the nation's h ighest monu ment *
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(MO)
Capital: Jefferson City
State Bird: Bluebird
State Flower: Hawthorn
State Tree: Flowering Dogwood
24th state to enter the Union (August 1 0, 1 821 )
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ou know Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn,
right? They are the two best-known characters
created by Mark Twain, whose real name was
Samuel Langhorne Clemens.
Sam Clemens grew up in Hannibal, Missouri,
and he used this childhood setting as the model
for St. Petersburg, the hometown of his two young
heroes. Just as they did, he and his friends spent a
lot of time on the river, watching it carry odd and
interesting things downstream during flood sea
son. T here were real-life models of Huckleberry
Finn and Becky Thatcher.
1 9th largest state
W hen Sam Clemens grew up, he headed to
South America to make his fortune, but on the
way down river, he decided he wanted to be a
riverboat pilot instead. He persuaded the pilot of
the boat he was on to teach him the ropes, and for
several years he held the job that every boy along
the Mississippi River dreamed of.
Sam Clemens later traveled all over the world,
and he lived in many places, but his life would
have been much different if he hadn't begun as a
young Missouri boy on the river bank.
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Jefferson City,
Missouri
His dad punished h i m
for making a mess and now
the chefs son is sitting in
misery a fter ruining the
mea l .
Chefs son sitting
(Jefferson City) i n
misery (Missouri ).
67
{5 corn, Nebraskans are called "Cornhuskers" or "Huskers"
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Capital: Lincoln
State Flower: G oldenrod
37th state to enter the Union (March 1 , 186 7)
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1 5th largest state
by most high school students in the U.S. They are
sadly neglected today, but almost any youngster
looking for a good read and interesting characters
would enjoy them. Cather won the Pulitzer Prize
for a book called One of Ours in 1921.
As much as she loved the s pirit of the pioneers,
Cather also wrote about how hard it can be for
someone with ambition and talent to break out of
the drudgery and hard work of country and small
town life to pursue her dr eams. That's a feeling
many of us have from time to time, and it is an
other reason why many young readers enjoy the
books of Willa Cather.
illa Cather grew up in Red Cloud during the
1880s. Her family moved there from Virginia
when she was nine years old. There were no
schools near her family's ranch, so she studied at
horne. When she was a teenager, her family
moved to town where she attended Red Cloud
High School. After graduating from the University
of Nebraska in 1895, she worked as a journalist
and a teacher before becoming an author of short
stories and novels.
Cather is best known for her books about Ne
braska frontier life. 0 Pioneers! and My Antonia are
her best known works, and they used to be read
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Lincoln,
Neb raska
Happy birthday, Abe!
Abraham Lincoln gets a
new brass key.
Lincoln ( Li ncol n )
gets a new brass
key (Nebraska).
69
* The "Badlands" are in western North Dakota
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( N D)
Capital: Bismarck
State Flower: Wild Prairie Rose
State Tree: American Elm
39th state to enter the Union ( November 2, 1 889)
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1 7th largest state
Once, in Nolan's Hotel in Mingusville, he
knocked out a bully who had pulled his pistols,
called him "four eyes," and tried to make him go
for drinks. Another time, Roosevelt and a small
posse chased three men who had stolen a boat and
set off down the Little Missouri River. They cap
tured the thieves, and Roosevelt -staying awake
for 36 straight hours so he could keep his eyes on
the bad guy s - brought them 150 miles back to jail
in Mandan.
This rough and tough experience is what gave
Roosevelt the idea for the Rough Riders, and when
he formed the regiment for the Spanish-American
War, it was full of cowboys.
ou know Teddy Roosevelt, right? Rough Rider?
President? Face on Mount Rushmore?
Over a decade before he became the youngest
President, Theodore Roosevelt was a cattle rancher
in what would become North D akota. He had
worked hard to strengthen himself during and
after a sickly childhood, but it was out west that he
won the battle and became the husky, rugged, and
powerful man we see in pictures of the Rough
Rider or the President.
As a r ancher, T R spent days at a time in the sad
dle, in all weather, participating in round-ups,
hunting, and scouting the country. He also became
a real wild west character.
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Bismarck,
North Dakota
You're allowed on ly just so
many Norse Ducks for your
quota, so make sure the
counter bees mark the
numbers correctly.
Bees mark
( Bismarck) the
numbers for the
Norse Duck quota
(North Dakota).
71
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city in the world * Known as the "Buckeye State" *
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State Flower: Scarlet Carnation
State Tree: Buckeye
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n 1869, a Cincinnati businessman named Cham
pion decided to give his city the best baseball
team in the land. To do this, he broke the r ules of
the day and openly paid his players. The result
was a team -the Cincinnati Red Stockings -that
toured the country from East Coast to West,
played the best clubs in every city, and didn't lose
a game all year. It was the sport's first great team,
and it began the era of professional baseball that
eventually led to the National and American
Leagues. Cincinnati is, rightly, considered the
birthplace of professional baseball.
Football also has a home in Ohio. About a halfcentury later, a group of midwesterners decided it
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35th largest state
was time to organize professional football. The
league they began soon evolved into the National
Football League . Many of the early professional
teams sprang from Ohio's smaller cities. The Can
ton Bulldogs is perhaps the best remembered of
these fabled clubs, and Canton today is the home
of the Pro Football Hall Of Fame.
Ohio has a lot going for it. Seven Presidents
Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Benjamin Harrison,
McKinley, Taft, and Harding -were born here. So
were the Wright Brothers. But it's fascinating that
two of our three main American professional
sports also call the state home.
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Colu mbus,
Ohio
Columbus, the explorer,
was so startled at what
he saw, that he said,
"Oh" to the high 0.
Columbus
(Columbus) said,
"Oh, high 0"
(Ohio).
73
violent protest by the America n I ndian Movement in 1973
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Capital: Pierre
State Bird: Ring-necked Pheasant
State Flower: American Pasqueflower
State Tree: Black Hills Spruce
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1 6th largest state
which friends said he'd never done before. A
drunken small-time crook called Broken-Nose
Jack McCall thought he could make his name by
killing the famous gunfighter. He walked into the
saloon, came up behind Wild Bill, pulled a gun,
and shot him dead. Supposedly, Hickock was
holding aces and eights in his card hand, and to
this day, that's known as "the dead man's hand."
You can see James Butler Hickock's grave in the
Mount Moriah Cemetery today. It's said that
Calamity Jane helped bury him.
hen "Wild Bill" Hickock arrived to mine gold
in the boomtown of Deadwood City in 1876,
he had already become famous as the man who
cleaned up Hayes City and Abiline, Kansas. He
was a tough guy with a quick trigger finger, and
he was in the right place. Deadwood was full of
gamblers, grifters, and scoundrels of all kinds,
hoping to make a killing off of the men working
the new gold fields.
Hickock was playing poker in the Bella Union
Saloon one day, sitting with his back to the door,
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Pierre,
South Dakota
The pear is a French
i nspector named Pierre
and wants to understand
what the sow says, so he
uses a sow decoder.
Pierre the pear
( Pierre) uses a
sow decoder
(South Dakota).
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Capital: Madison
State Bird: Robin
State Flower: Wood Violet
30th state to enter the Union (May 29, 1848)
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survived made for the nearby river, and spent
hours there, up to their necks, watching their
town burn to the ground. One of them said, " I
saw nothing but flames; houses, trees, and the air
itself were on fire."
More than four times as many people were
killed in the Wisconsin fire than died in Chicago,
but Peshtigo was a lot farther away from trains,
telegraphs, and newspapers, though, so it took a
lot longer for people to hear about the forest fire,
and few people remember it today.
ou know that song about Mrs. O'Leary's cow
kicking over the lantern and starting the Great
Chicago Fire? Well, on the very same day
October 8, 1871-Wisconsin experienced the
Peshtigo Forest Fire. The woods had been drying
out all summer, and the people of Wisconsin and
all of the woodland midwest were worried about
fire. When it finally happened, it was spectacular
and deadly. Eight-hundred people in the small
town of Peshtigo were killed when the town
seemed to explode into a firestorm. Those who
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Madison,
Wisconsin
The medicine whips the
con's son if he misbehaves
l i ke his dad.
Medicine (Madison)
whips the con's son
(Wisconsin).
77
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What does the boy think when he's late after
r? . spending all day mowing to the library?
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to quench his thirst?
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What does Lincoln get for his birthday?
b
ises?
� Who does the Indian ant give the peace pipe to?
What type of cans is the toe peeking around?
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Who is in misery when he messes up the stove?
Is he standing or sitting?
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of his investigation?
What type of bottle whips the con's son
when he's been bad?
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What does the medicine do for J:;flA
punishment and to whom?
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What does Pierre the pear use to understand
the animal he's questioning?
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to the library and thinks, "I owe a fine."
a new brass key on his birthday?
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what to keep track of the
For what type of quota do the bees mark? �
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78
OKLAHOMA
TEXAS
Southwest
There are only four states i n this region, but they make
up a large chunk of the country. A little of this land
came to the U.S. as part of the Louisiana Purchase.
More came as a result of the Mexican War, a bit was
bought from Mexico in the Gadsden Purchase, and
Texas, having won its independence from Mexico on
its own in 1 836, was admitted as a state in 1 845 .
79
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classic western movies * The "Grand Canyon State" *
B ); Arizona was the last state in the lower 48 to be admitted
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Capital: Phoenix
State Bird: Cactus Wren
State Flower: Saguaro Cactus Blossom
State Tree: Palo Verde
48th state to enter the Union (February 1 4, 1912)
I
t's hard to think about Arizona without thinking
about the Grand Canyon. And it's hard to think
about the Grand Canyon without thinking about
one of the most remarkable men in the history of
the American West, John Wesley Powell.
Powell had lost an arm in the Civil War, but this
injury hardly slowed him down. After the war, he
headed west to lead scientific expeditions on behalf
of the government. His most famous journey began
at Green River City, Wyoming, and headed south
through Glenn Canyon and, eventually, the Grand
Canyon. His expedition traveled in four boats
three 2 1-footers made of oak, and a lightweight 16footer made of pine, which Powell named after his
*
6th largest state
wife, Emma Dean (who was just about as tough as
her husband, and had already become the first
white woman to climb Pike's Peak).
At one point, Powell managed to get stranded
part way up a steep cliff. He was saved by one of
his men, who stripped off his clothes and lowered
his long johns as a rescue rope.
By the time they made it to the end of the
Grand Canyon, which Powell called "The Great
Unknown," they had explored the Green and Col
orado Rivers, and much of the land on either side.
Powell later became the head of the National
Geologic Survey. As always, he didn't follow
maps-he made them!
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Arizona
Even though the phoenix
can rise from the ashes, it
had better be carefu l ris i ng
through the arrow zone or
it might get shot!
The phoenix
(Phoenix) rises
through the arrow
zone (Arizona).
81
40 % Hispanic * Known as the "Land of Enchantment"
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New Mexico
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Capital: Santa Fe
State Bird: Roadrunner
State Flower: Yucca Flower
State Tree: Pinon
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Almost 1,500 years ago, Native Americans now
,.,., known as "Anasazis" or "ancient ones" settled
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5th largest state
The people who built the pueblos at Chaco
Canyon were clearly skilled, well-organized, and a
dominant force in the region. But soon after Pueblo
Bonito was finished, the Anasazi vanished. Some
think they were forced away by drought. Some
believe they were pushed out by invaders. Others
think they created an environmental disaster by
cutting down the tens of thousands of trees that
they used as roof beams.
The mystery of their disappearance will proba
bly never be solved, but the evidence of their skill
remains in the stones of Pueblo Bonito.
in Chaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico. They
were f armers, who planted and harvested corn.
But they were also builders, who built some of the
most amazing and beautiful structures anywhere.
In about 920, they began building what we now
call Pueblo Bonito (beautiful village), one of what
would eventually be 12 pueblos in the canyon. By
1100, P ueblo Bonito was finished. It was a huge,
0-shaped structure with 800 rooms -in fact, it re
mained the largest apartment house in America
until a bigger one was built in New York City in
the late 1800s.
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Santa Fe,
N ew Mexico
J ust i n time for C hristmas
and a l l those thi rsty holiday
guests, you can get a huge
bottle of new maxi Coke®
which is decorated with
Santa's face.
Santa's face
(Santa Fe) on a
new maxi Coke®
(New Mexico).
* You can still see wagon wheel ruts o n the Santa Fe Trai l
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Okla homa City i s t h e nation's third largest city, beh i nd
Oklahoma
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( O K)
Capital: Oklahoma City
State Bird: Scissor-tailed Flycatcher
State Flower: Mistletoe
State Tree: Redbud
46th state to enter the Union ( November 1 6, 1 907)
M
s::
*
1 8th largest state
of these took place at noon on April 22, 1889, when
two million acres of land were made available.
Fifty-thousand people crowded onto the terri
tory's borders waiting for the pistol shot that
would allow them to race into the territory to stake
claims. Overnight, towns sprang up on the plains.
Oklahoma City was founded and grew to a popu
lation of 10,000- all in a single day !
Some settlers cheated and sneaked onto the land
sooner than they should have. They gave Okla
homa its nickname : the Sooner State.
uch of Oklahoma was once known as "Indian
Territory." Native Americans from the east
were forced along the "Trail of Tears" to land
no one else wanted at the time. After a while,
"The Five Civilized Tribes"- Cherokee, Choctaw,
Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole-each had their
own chunk of the territory, and their own govern
ments.
Soon, though, white people did want that part of
the country, and Indian Territory was opened up to
the settlers in a series of Land Rushes. The biggest
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Oklahoma City,
Oklahoma
When okras g o to visit, they
take their homes with them .
So, okra's home is sitting
next to okra's home.
Okra's home is
sitting (Oklahoma
City) next to okra's
home (Oklahoma).
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the state was an independent republic from 1836 to 1845
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Capital: Austin
State Flower: Bluebonnet
State Tree: Pecan
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Called the "Lone Star State" * President Kennedy was
Texas
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28th state to enter the Union (December 29, 1 845)
T
he Alamo is the most famous battle of the war
for Texas independence. But to gain their free
dom from Mexico, the Texans actually had to win
an important fight, and the Battle of San Jacinto
was it.
After the Alamo, and the slaughter of the garri
son at Goliad, Sam Houston called for more volun
teers and began a long retreat, keeping his men clear
of the thousands commanded by the Mexican
leader, General Santa Ana. Santa Ana gradually split
his forces, and Houston finally found his chance to
fight on nearly equal terms on the banks of the San
Jacinto River near modem-day Galveston.
The Texan force attacked when the Mexicans as-
*
2nd largest state
sumed it was too late for a fight The battle was
short but very bloody. Shouting "Remember the
Alamo," the Texans pushed hundreds of Mexican
soldiers into a bayou behind their camp. They shot
hundreds as they thrashed in the water. When the
dust had cleared, there were 630 Mexicans dead
almost half of Santa Ana's army. Only nine Texans
were dead or mortally wounded. Santa Ana was
eventually captured dressed as a common soldier,
and he was eventually forced to sign an armistice
that led to Texas' freedom.
Houston was wounded in the foot, but lived to
become President of Texas and, later, Senator and
Governor.
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86
Austin,
Texas
If you get too many old
taxis together, you're going
to have a large oil stain.
A big oil stain
(Austin) from leaki ng
taxis (Texas).
87
---- -
-
-
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* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
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For a little practice, answer these .
*
*
B
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What dangerous zone is the phoenix rising through?
What type of beverage is Santa's face on?
*
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*
*
What is Okra's home sitting next to?
*
*
What leaks to cause the oil stain?
*
*
*
*
What is rising from the ashes through the arrow zone?
What do you put on the new maxi Coke® to sell it around Christmas time?
What is next to the okra's home and is it standing or sitting?
What will the taxis cause if they leak?
[)
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
88
*
MONTANA
IDAHO
WYOMING
Mountain
These are all big states, and they all
have high mountains, but the ter
rain varies from the cool n orthern
Rockies of Montana and Idaho to
the frying deserts of Nevada. And
there are all sorts of high, dry plains
in between.
NEVADA
UTAH
COLORADO
89
s:: the year of the nation's centennial - its 1 00th birthday *
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Capital: Denver
State Bird: Lark Bunting
State Flower: Rocky Mountain Columbine
State Tree: Blue Spruce
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38th state to enter the Union (August 1 , 1 876)
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ust before World War II, a small group of out
doorsmen persuaded the U.S. Army to establish
a force of mountain troops. W hat eventually be
came the elite l Oth Mountain Division -America's
"ski troops"-trained at Fort Hale between Vail
and Leadville. Early recruits included most of the
country's greatest skiers and mountain climbers.
T he l Oth Mountain Division established a d istin
guished record against the Germans in the moun
tains of Italy, but never fought on skis. After the
war, many l Oth Mountain D ivision men became
leaders in the growing ski industry.
Nowadays, there is a major ski resort at Vail,
and a hut system named for our first mountain
*
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The Denver Mint is the third largest repository of gold in the
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8th largest state
troops has been developed in the mountains near
by. If you have good skills on skis, and you don't
mind carrying your own food and gear, you can
follow the lOth Mountain Division Trail, spending
the nights at huts all the way from Vail to Aspen,
another great downhill skiers' mecca. T he huts are
heated with woodstoves and have kitchens where
you can prepare your food-pretty elegant stuff
for the backcountry. Depending on the weather
and your fitness, huts can be as close as a couple
of hours apart, or as far as 12 hours or more. All
this can be great fun-as long as you are fit, well
equipped, and skilled. And now you can do it in
the summer, too -on mountain bikes.
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90
Denver,
Colorado
Relaxing i n h i s den covered
with fur, the l ion l i stens to
his collar radio.
A rich l i on has a
den of fur ( Denver)
and a collar radio
(Colorado).
91
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Sawtooth mountain ra nges * Famous for potatoes *
� Boise is home to a bout 10,000 Basques, origina lly from <:+
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Capital: Boise
State Bird: Mountain Bluebird
State Flower: Syringa (Mock Orange )
State Tree: Western White Pine
43rd state to enter the Union (July 3, 1 890)
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1 3th largest state
to work, and before long they had designed the
slopes, built the lodge buildings, and constructed
the world's first chair lift (which they modeled on
banana conveyors).
Great skiers from Europe were imported to be
instructors, and great chefs came to staff the new
hotels. Sun Valley quickly caught on with those
rich enough in the depression years to make the
trip and pay for their stay. Movie stars were al
ways having their pictures taken on the slopes. To
this day, Sun Valley is among the great ski resorts
of the world .
n the mid-1930s, a man named Averill Harriman,
who later became governor of New York and an
important diplomat and statesman, was the chair
man of the board of directors of the Union Pacific
Railroad.
He asked one of his employees to ride the rails
all over the Rocky Mountain west to find the best
place to build something new-a big "destination"
ski resort. Harriman felt that such a place would
encourage people to ride his trains to get to it.
T he site that was chosen became Sun Valley,
near Ketcham, Idaho. Harriman put his engineers
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Boise,
Idaho
Boy, they're hungry !
These boys wi I I even
eat a hoe.
Boys (Boise) wi l l
eat a hoe ( Idaho).
93
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U.S. Congress, was elected in 1916 * "Big Sky Country"
�
M ontana means "mou ntainous" * Glacier National Pa rk
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Montana
(MT)
Capital: Helena
State Flower: Bitterroot
State Tree: Ponderosa Pine
41 st state to enter the Union (November 8, 1 889)
*
4th largest state
-------·�
T
he man we remember as Chief Joseph was
called Hin-mah-too-yah-lat-kekht by his own
people -"thunder traveling to loftier mountain
heights." Joseph was a Nez Perce Indian. (Usually
pronounced "nez purse" by Americans, this
means "pierced nose," because some men of the
tribe inserted shells into small slits they made in
their noses.)
In 1877, after a series of broken treaties and
promises, and a bloody skirmish with the army,
the Nez Perce decided to go to Montana, where
their friends, the Crows, would help them. On the
trip, Joseph's job was to protect the women, the
children and the old men who couldn't fight. They
were followed by the army, and fought a series of
costly battles, each time escaping. When they real
ized that there would be no peace for them in
Montana, the band headed for Canada. They were
finally cornered just 40 miles from the border, on
Snake Creek near the Bearpaws. Joseph had seen
many of his people die, and was worried more
would die soon. He felt he had no choice but to
surrender. His words have become famous:
"The little children are freezing to death. My
people ... have no blankets, no food. Hear me, my
chiefs ! I am tired. My heart is sick and sad. From
where the sun now stands I will fight no more
forever."
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H elena,
Montana
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Ooh, I bet that hurts ! There's
a heel in a man tanning .
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A heel in a ( H elena)
man tanning
(Montana).
95
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acupuncture as a medical treatment * The "Silver State"
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The Mormon s orig inally asked that most of N evada be
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Capital: Carson City
State Bird: Mountain Bluebird
State Flower: Sagebrush
State Tree: Single-leaf Pinon
36th state to enter the Union (October 3 1 , 1 864)
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7th largest state
continued to travel around the region auctioning
off his bag of flour over and over.
The part of Nevada around Carson City was in
credibly rich in those days, because of the discov
ery of silver and gold. When Gridley went to this
Comstock Load country, the miners of Virginia
Cit y and other wealthy mining towns bid over
$40,000 for the sack.
Eventually Gridley's bag of flour raised about
$275,000. It was the nation's first big charity drive.
You can still see the bag of flour at the Nevada
Historical Society Museum.
hen the Civil War began, many people in
Nevada were sympathetic to the Confedera
cy. One of these was a baker named Reuel Gridley.
Gridley lost an election bet and had to pay up by
carrying a sack of flour decorated red, white, and
blue through the streets of Austin, in the center
of Nevada Territory. Somehow, this experience
changed Gridley into a supporter of the Union. He
auctioned off his flour for $6,000, proceeds to go to
the Sanitary Commission, which looked after
wounded soldiers, much as the Red Cross would
today. The flour was returned to Gridley, and he
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Carson C ity,
N evada
It's never safe to drink and
drive. So, the car's son is
sitting l i stening to this dad
explain that he can have no
Vodka.
A car's son is
sitting (Carson City)
and can have no
Vodka (Nevada).
97
� railway with a gold spike * Called the "Beeh ive State"
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Mormons make up about 70 percent of Utah's population
Utah
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Capital: Salt Lake City
State Bird: Sea Gull
State Flower: Sego Lily
State Tree: Blue Spruce
I
n the l ate 1840s, Brigham Young l ed a commu
nity of Mormons to Utah, wher e they settled
around t he Great Salt Lake. They had been forced
out of a series of communities in the Midwest.
Soon Congress created the Territory of Utah.
Young w as appointed Governor, but then trouble
began b etween the Mormons and the Federal gov
ernment . In 1857, President Buchanan sent about
2,500 troops to the Territory, and t his triggered
what is sometimes c alled "The Mormon War."
Into the middle of this unpleasantness trundled
a wagon train of settlers from Arkansas and Mis
souri -undoubtedly anti-Mormon-heading for
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1 1 th largest state
California. A mixed group of Mormon militia and
Indians, led by a Mormon called John D. Lee,
attacked the w agon train and killed every single
adult they found-somewhere between 100 and
120 men, women, and older children died. Only 18
small children were spared.
Brigham Young had not ordered the attack on
t he wagon tr ains, but he did try to protect Lee
by throwing blame on the Indians alone. The
Mormon War ended the next year, with the Mor
mons retaining real power in the territory while
accepting essentially meaningless conditions from
Washington .
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98
*
Salt Lake C ity,
Uta h
The city around the
salt lake looks out at
the tall U .
A salt lake city
(Sa lt Lake City) has
on its outski rts a
U tall ( Utah).
99
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serious shoot-'em-up between big cattlemen and settlers
Ill
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"The Cowboy State" * Fewer people than a ny other state
*
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Wyoming
(WY)
Capital: Cheyenne
State Bird: Meadow Lark
State Flower: Indian Paintbrush
44th state to enter the Union (July 1 0, 1 890)
A
man named John Colter w alked across the
country as part of the Lewis and Clark Expe
dition, and on the way back, he asked to be al
lowed to leave the troop to go off with two trap
pers. He was given permission, and so became the
first of what came to be known as " Mountain
Men." Colter later found and described the gey
sers and hot springs of the Yellowstone country of
what is now northwestern Wyoming.
As time went on, more and more men headed
to the western mountains and lived a rugged
life - men like Broken Hand Fitzpatrick, Jim
Br idger, Kit Carson, Jedediah, Smith and many
others. They were trappers, not explorers, but
*
9th largest state
their travels took them all over the Amer ican
West, and they often became guides for later
w aves of pioneers.
Periodically, these mountain men would meet at
a Rendezvous-a gathering. One of the most fa
mous and most beautiful Rendezvous locations is
J ackson Hole, in the Teton country just south of
Yellowstone. Here and at other spots, trappers
would trade pelts for supplies. They would also
g amble, drink, fight, and compete at shooting,
running, and riding. It was a big, rough party for
the raw, tough men who opened up the country
for settlement by the ranchers who followed.
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Cheyenne,
Wyoming
A shy ant normal ly wi l l l ive
i n a home built in the shape
of a Y- a Y home.
A shy ant
(Cheyenne) in a
Y home (Wyoming).
1 01
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* * * * * * * * *
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Let's see how you do.
What does the lion listen t o in his den of fur?
What will the boys do when they are really, really hungry?
*
*
*
�
If you didn't like people with sunburns, you would put a heel in a what?
What does the car tell the car's son sitting about drinking?
*
*
*
*
*
In what type of home does the shy ant live?
�
*
*
*
What's on the walls of the lion listening to his collar radio?
*
Who will eat a hoe when they are really hungry?
What is in the back of the man tanning?
CS' Who gets told by his dad, "No Vodka!"?
What is the U tall next to?
*
*
What large letter is on the outskirts of the salt lake city?
�
*
·
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. .
• • . • .
• • • .
· · · •
· · ·
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What little animal lives in the Y home?
*
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*
*
*
*
*
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
1 02
ALASKA
WASHINGTON
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Pacific
OREGON
We're including our nation's
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two newest states here, along
with the three that line our
western coast. It is clear that
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much of the economic action
o f the 2 1 st century will occur
on what's called "the Pacific
Rim," which includes Asian
countries, Australia and New
HAWAII
Zealand, a nd, of course, our
CALIFORNIA
own Pacific States.
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* Cape Wrangell is the nation's westernmost point *
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Capital: Juneau
State Bird: Willow Ptarmigan
State Flower: Forget-me-not
State Tree: Sitka Spruce
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Alaska is the biggest state-you could fit a lmost 500
Alaska
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1 st largest state
-------�
T
he highest mountain in North America is offi
cially named Mount McKinley after William
McKinley, our 25th President. But most Alaskans
and many others prefer to call it by its original In
dian name, Denali, which means "The Great One"
or "The High One.". The mountain, which is part
of Denali National Park, has two distinct peaks.
The North Peak is 19,470 feet high. T he South
Peak is a little higher, at 20,320 feet.
Many people climb Denali every year. Most of
them are flown by skilled bush pilots in small
planes onto the Kahiltna Glacier from the little
town of Talkeetna. There they set up base camp,
wait for good weather, and then trudge up the
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mountain, often ferrying gear from camp to camp.
Other climbers attempt different and even more
difficult routes.
Because of its harsh winds and weather, Denali
is one of the most dangerous frequently-climbed
mountains in the world. Many climbers have died
on the mountain, and many others have been
saved by heroic rescuers.
Dr. Frederick A. Cook claimed to have climbed
Denali in 1906, but those claims were soon ques
tioned, and are seriously doubted today based on
a study of photographs. A party of Fairbanks min
ers reached the North Peak in 19 10, and the higher
South Peak was reached in 1913.
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J uneau,
Alaska
He is so in love with the girl
with the jewel nose,
that he thi nks, "I'll ask her
to marry me."
If she has a jewel
nose (Juneau ),
I'll ask her (Alaska).
1 05
----- -- ---
---
it 134" F in Death Valley, highest temperatu re recorded in U.S.
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California
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Capital: Sacramento
State Bird: California Valley Quail
State Flower: Golden Poppy
State Tree: California Redwood
31 st state to enter the Union (September 9, 1 850)
*
3rd largest state
--------�
I
ers town" by the Sacramento Union newspaper,
and one observer said that it witnessed an average
of six fatal shootings a week during the 1880s.
Mark Twain covered the area for a while as a jour
nalist, and he said that "the smoke of battle almost
never clears away completely in Bodie."
Bodie's mines played out as the century came to
an end, and a big fire in 1897 destroyed much of its
main street. But you can still go to Bodie. It's a
National Historic Site, protected and maintained
by the federal government as a ghost town.
n the late 1860s, a prospector named William S.
Bodie discovered a rich vein of gold near Mono
Lake close to the Nevada border. He didn't last
long-he went out in a blizzard and was never
seen again- but the town he established became
one of the roughest, toughest, wildest mining
towns of the West.
Because it was far from the law, close to the state
line, and full of gold dust, Bodie attracted all sorts
of violent, unscrupulous characters who were
interested in making a quick buck. Robberies and
murders were common. Bodie was called "a shoot-
1 06
�
Sacramento,
California
After touring all of the
Nationa l Parks and
Monuments and fi l l i ng her
sack with mementos, the
cow will phone you .
With a sack of
mementos
(Sacra mento), the
cow will phone you
(Ca l ifornia).
1 07
s:: December 7, 1941, forcing American entry i nto World Wa r II
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Ha�ai!�_A
Capital: Honolulu
State Bird: Nene (Hawaiian Goose)
State Flower: Hibiscus
State Tree: Kukui (Candlenut)
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50th state to enter the Union (August 21 , 1959)
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\Yihen Captain Cook "discovered" the islands,
Y'f he saw the
Whenever, from stormy weather, or any extraor
dinary swell at sea, the impetuosity of the surf is in
creased to its u tmost height, they choose that time
for this amusement, which is performed in the fol
lowing manner:-Twenty or thirty of the natives,
taking each a long narrow board, rounded a t the
ends, set out together from the shore. The first wave
they meet they plunge under, and suffering it to roll
9! n 1 n 1ouoH 1nt� '!!�'>'M�'>'H p:�wl'>'u 9! pu�'>'l9! :�uo
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47th largest state
over them, rise again beyond it . . . . As soon as they
have gained, by these repeated efforts, the smooth
water beyond the surf, they lay themselves at length
o n their board, and prepare for their return . . . .
[T]heir first object is to place themselves on the
summit of the largest surge, by which they are dri
ven along with amazing rapidity toward the
shore . . . . The coast being guarded by a chain of
rocks, with here and there a small opening between
them, they are obliged to s teer their board through
one of these, or, in case of failu re, to quit it before
they reach the rocks . . . . This is reckoned very dis
graceful . . . .
Hawaiians doing something peo
ple come from all over the world to do there
now-surfing. One of his officers wrote about it
in 1779:
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Only state that once had its own royalty * The state is
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1 08
Honolulu,
Hawaii
Some roads are straight,
some are crooked .
But Highway E is where
the honey trucks m a ke
loop loops.
Honey loop loops
( Honolulu) are on
Highway E ( H awai i ).
1 09
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s
I:S"l
Territory was created i n 1853 * The "Beaver State" *
.�
Lewis and Clark followed the Columbia River to the Pacific *
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Oregon
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(OR)
Capital: Salem
State Flower: Oregon Grape
State Tree: Douglas Fir
33rd state to enter the Union (February 1 4, 1 859)
Y
ou know how common it is to see people in
T-shirts and shorts or tights running or jogging
along the streets or through the parks? Some of
these folks are serious racers, but most of them are
just trying to stay fit and healthy. Did you know
that just a generation ago, you almost never saw
anyone exercising that way, and you definitely
never saw anyone togged out in "official" running
clothes or fancy, expensive shoes -this stuff just
didn't exist.
Eugene, Oregon, is one of the birthplaces of the
American running and fitness boom that started in
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1 0th largest state
the early 1970s. Bill Bowerman, the great track
coach at the University of Oregon, really got the
ball rolling when he came back from a trip to New
Zealand, where he had seen and participated in the
citizen fun runs another coaching great, Arthur
Lydiard, had established there. You can go to
Eugene today and find miles of well-maintained,
well-used public running trails. Bowerman also co
founded the Nike shoe company. The story goes
that he used the family waffle iron to invent a rev
olutionary new sole for racing and training shoes.
Hope he cleaned it up afterwards.
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1 10
------ -- -
Salem,
Oregon
The sailor's oar is gone,
causing h i m to row in a
c i rcle.
The sailor's ( Sa lem)
oar is gone
(Oregon).
111
------ ----
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than half of Washington's people live in or a round Seattle
�
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,..
Ca lled the "Evergreen State" * The only state named
�-Washington
.r--��
( WA)
s::
Capital: Olympia
State Bird: Willow Goldfinch
State Flower: Coast Rhododendron
State Tree: Western Hemlock
42nd state to enter the Union ( November 1 1 1 1 889)
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20th largest state
mals, from insects to large game, were killed.
Crops were ruined. The glacier at the top of the
mountain melted almost immediately, and ran off
into nearby rivers. Floods and mud slides carried
away cars, bridges, and houses. Yakima, the near
est city, was covered in a layer of ash.
When the ash cleared, people could see that
Mount St. Helens was a perfect cone no more. The
top 1,300 feet of the mountain was simply gone. In
its place was a crater over a mile across. This was
the first volcanic eruption in the lower 48 states
since Lassen Peak erupted in 1921, but scientists
expect that Mount St. Helens will erupt again in
the future.
ount St. Helens was a spectacular, perfect,
cone-shaped volcanic peak in Washington's
Cascade Mountains. In late 1979, it started rum
bling and venting puffs of steam and ash . Scien
tists knew that an eruption would probably come
soon, but they had no idea it would be as spectac
ular and violent as it was.
On May 18, 1980, Mount St . Helens exploded .
The eruption caused a landslide, which in turn let
ash and gas burst sideways rather that straight up
in the air. The ash immediately turned the whole
area pitch black, and with the released gas, suffo
cated 63 people. Forests as far as 20 miles away
were flattened or stripped, and all sorts of ani-
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112
Olympia,
Washington
One of the new events i n
the Olympics i s to see how
fast you can wash a ton .
At the Olympics
(Olym pia),
wash a ton
(Wash i ngton).
1 13
:
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
(®
�a
* * * * * * * * * * * * *
�
Let's see what you remember
What does the young man think when he sees the jewel-nosed girl?
After collecting a sack of mementos, who will do what?
�
Jap::: Where can the honey trucks do loop loops? �
<!.()
Why is the sailor unhappy?
�@
What do the trucks do on Highway E?
Ii'
*
*
*
*
*
�
t::.. � Whose oar is gone?
Where ;o they compete in the wash a ton event? ��
<\ �
*
*
What does the girl have that makes a man think, "I'll ask her to marry me! "?
What must she have before the cow will phone you?
*
*
What is the new event at the Olympics?
�
:
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
114
*
Just For Fun
Here's a Jeopardy-style q u i z to test your general
knowledge about states and capitals. Some of the
information can be found earl ier in thi s book, and some
*
1 0. T h i s i s the largest city i n the country.
1 1 . This state worries about the San Andreas Fau lt.
can't. The answers - er, questions-are at the end.
1 2 . This state touches four of the five Great Lakes.
Have fun !
1 3 . This is the "First State. "
1 . The world's tal lest bu i ld i ng stands in t h i s state.
2. The Comstock Load was d iscovered in this state.
3. Thi s state was once the "Grizzly Bear Republic."
4. Th is state capital was named after Queen Anne.
5. Th is state i s often cal led the " Nutmeg State. "
6 . This i s the state i n wh ich the Declaration of
Independence was signed .
1 4. This is the "Sunshine State. "
1 5 . This is where Aaron Burr ki l led Alexander H a m i lton i n
a duel .
1 6. This state is named after our seventh President.
1 7 . This city was destroyed by Sherman's army.
1 8. This state is an archipelago.
1 9. This state has the Mississippi River as its eastern
boundary and the Missouri as most of its western
boundary.
7. This state has the shortest seacoast of any state that
has a seacoast.
8. Thi s state was once known as " I ndian Territory. "
20. This state's official bird is the Roadrunner. Beep-beep!
2 1 . This state conta ins the "wi ld west" towns of Dodge
City and Abi lene.
9 . This city is the oldest seat o f government i n the U . S .
115
22. This city holds America's most famous auto race.
35. A battleshi p named for this state blew up i n Havana
Harbor, preci pitating the Spanish-American War.
23 . This i s where you ' l l find Fort Knox, where much of
the country's gold reserves reside.
36. This capital was named after a French trapper.
37. This state was the home of Ethan Allen and his Green
24. This state has the h ighest popu lation density i n the
Mountain Boys .
U.S.
38. This state was the site of the first Engl ish colony i n
25 . T h i s is the smal lest state west o f t h e Mississipp i .
what became the United States.
2 6 . T h i s state is the home of Tabasco Sauce and H uey
39. This state was the site of the first successful Eng l ish
Long.
colony i n what became the U nited States.
27. This city is the location of the U nited States Naval
Academy.
40. This state is the home of Glacier National Park.
28. This state capita l i s named after o u r 1 6th President.
41 . This was the first state to let women vote.
29. This is the state i n which you can find the Petrified
42 . This state conta ins the geographic center of North
America.
Forest.
30. The population center of the U n ited States is i n this
43 . You coul d find the Cowboy Ha l l of Fame in this state
capita l .
state.
31 . This is the "Mounta i neer State. "
4 4 . T h i s state is the home of Father Flanagan's Boys Town .
3 2 . The official bird of this state i s the sea gul l .
45. This is the state in which the Exxon Valdez oil spi l l
occurred.
3 3 . This capital was fi rst known a s Fort Orange.
46. This is where you would find ski a reas l i ke Vai l and
34. This is the "Sooner State. "
Aspen.
116
63. The Wright brothers were born in thi s state.
47. The strongest winds ever recorded on Earth blew
here.
64. This state contains the geographical center of the U . S .
48. This is the state where you cou l d find "Sil icon Va l ley. "
65. This is the "Volunteer State. "
49. This city was home to the "Charter Oak."
66. T h i s state i s home of the source of the M ississippi .
50. This i s the " Hawkeye State. "
67. This state has a "panhandle" squeezed between
51 . This i s where you cou ld canoe down the Al lagash.
Was h i ngton and Montana.
52. This state was at the end of the northern pioneer tra i l .
68. This state is the home of the Johnson Space Center.
53 . These capitals were also capita l s of the Confederacy.
69. This state is known as the "Mother of Presidents."
54. Little League Basebal l was founded in this state .
70. This i s the only state named after a President.
55. This state has a "unica m . "
71 . This city cal l s itself "The H ub . "
56. T h i s i s the "Badger State. "
72. T h i s is the only state t o have seceded from a
secedi ng state.
5 7 . This capital city i s named after the lake it is near.
73. This i s the only state capital i n which you can find a
58. The state capital is named after our th i rd President.
roya l palace.
59. This i s the country's smal lest state.
74. This state was the site of the northern-most land
60. This is the state where you ' l l find the headwaters of
action of the Civi l War.
the M issouri River.
75. The h ighest Mountain east of the Mississi ppi is in this
61 . This state has the longest official name of any state.
state.
62. The fi rst shots of the C ivil War were fired in this state.
117
I
f?f?f
0
1 . What is I l linois?
20. What is New Mexico?
3. What is Califomia?
22. What is Indianapolis,
2. What is Nevada?
4. What is Annapolis,
Maryland?
5. What is Connecticut?
•
0
•
0
39. What is Virginia?
57. What is Salt Lake City,
41 . What is Wyoming?
58. What is Jefferson City,
43. What is Oklahoma City,
59. What is Rhode Island?
44. What is Nebraska?
61 . What is Rhode Island?
40. What is Montana?
21 . What is Kansas?
42. What is North Dakota?
Indiana?
23. What is Kentucky?
24. What is New Jersey?
Oklahoma?
6. What is Pennsylvania?
25. What is Arkansas?
8. What is Oklahoma?
27. What is Annapolis,
46. What is Colorado?
28. What is Lincoln, Nebraska?
48. What is Califomia?
7. What is New Hampshi re?
9. What is Santa Fe, New
Mexico?
1 0. What is Juneau, Alaska?
1 1 . What is Califomia?
26. What is Louisiana?
Maryland?
30. What is Missouri?
47. What is New Hampshire?
64. What is South Dakota?
Connecticut?
50. What is Iowa?
1 4. What is Florida?
33. What is Albany, New York?
52. What is Oregon?
1 6. What is Jackson,
35. What is Maine?
1 3 . What is Delaware?
1 5. What is New Jersey?
Mississippi?
1 7. What is Atlanta, Georgia?
1 8. What is Hawaii?
1 9. What is Iowa?
32. What is Utah?
34. What is Oklahoma?
36. What is Pierre, South
Dakota?
37. What is Vermont?
38. What is North Carolina?
60. What is Montana?
62. What is South Carolina?
31 . What is West Virginia?
1 2. What is Michigan?
Missouri?
45. What is Alaska?
49. What is Hartford,
29. What is Arizona?
Utah?
63. What is Ohio?
65. What is Tennessee?
66. What is Minnesota?
67. What is Idaho?
68. What is Texas?
51 . What is Maine?
69. What is Virginia?
53. What are Montgomery,
7 1 . What is Boston,
Alabama, and Richmond,
Virginia?
54. What is Pennsylvania?
55. What is Nebraska?
56. What is Wisconsin?
118
70. What is Washington?
Massachusetts?
72. What is West Virginia?
73. What is Honolulu, Hawaii?
74. What is Vermont?
75. What is North Carolina?
Name That State
*
Alabama
Hawaii
Massachusetts
New Mexico
South Dakota
Alaska
Idaho
Michigan
New York
Tennessee
Arizona
Illinois
Minnesota
North Carolina
Texas
Arkansas
Indiana
Mississippi
North Dakota
Utah
California
Iowa
Missouri
Ohio
Vermont
Colorado
Kansas
Montana
Oklahoma
Virginia
Connecticut
Kentucky
Nebraska
Oregon
Washington
Delaware
Louisiana
Nevada
Pennsylvania
West Virginia
Florida
Maine
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Wisconsin
New Jersey
South Carolina
Wyoming
Georgia
QhouQ
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oo 9:JK
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119
B i b l i ography
Aten, Jerry. Fifty Nifty States. Columbus, OH: Good Apple, 1 990.
Aten, Jerry. America: From Sea to Shining Sea. Columbus, OH : Good Apple, 1 988.
Aylesworth, Thomas. Kid's WorldAlmanac of the SO States. Mahwah, NJ : World Almanac, 1 990.
Bacon, Josephine. DoubledayAtlas of the Umted States ofAmerica. New York: Doubleday, 1 990.
Black, S. Fabulous Facts About Fifty States. New York: Scholastic Inc., 1 991 .
Brandt, Sue. Facts About the SO States. Danbury, CT: Watts, 1 988.
Brandt, Sue. State lfees: Including the Commonwealth ofPuerto Rico. Danbury, a: Watts, 1 992.
Caney, Steven . Steven Caney's Ktd's America. New York: Workman, 1 978.
Carpenter, Allan. Enchantment ofAmerica series. 50 volumes. Danbury, CT: Children's Press, 1 978.
Dowden, Anne. State Flowers. New York: HarperCollins, 1 978.
Garrison, Edward . Short Stories About States and Capttals. Hamlet, NC: EG Photoprint, date not set.
Krulik, Nancy. All About the Fifty States: A Picture Puzzle Book New York: Scholastic Inc., 1 992.
Lancaster, Derek. Picture America: States and Capttals. Salt Lake City: Compact Classics, 1 991 .
Landau, Elaine. State Birds: Including the Commonwealth ofPuerto Rico. Danbury, CT: Watts, 1 992.
Landau, Elaine. State Rowers: Including the Commonwealth ofPuerto Rico. Danbury, a: Watts, 1 992.
Santrey, Laurence. State and Local Government Mahwah, NJ : Troll Associates, 1 985.
Silvani, Harold. States and Capttals. Cypress, CA: Creative Teaching, 1 97 5 .
1 20

Yo Sacramento!

Transcription

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