SAUJANA HERITAGE

Tamansari
Prambanan
City of Bau-bau
Drini
Oto-Action Research, 2008 - present
CULTURAL– NATURAL EXPRESSIONS
AND COMMUNITY MOVEMENT
ON THE SAUJANA HERITAGE
Barong Temple
CONSERVATION
Sagan
Case study action Indonesia
Laretna T. Adishakti
•
Timor
Andaleh
•
Center for Heritage Conservation, Dept. of
Architecture and Planning, Univ. Gadjah Mada
•
Indonesian Heritage Trust
Jogja Heritage Society – ICOMOS Indonesia
Pariangan
Boti
Batagak
Toraja
CONTENTS OF
PRESENTATION:
Borobudur artistic expression:
Million candles project
I.
Saujana Heritage
Conservation
Challenges
II.
Weakness on
Saujana Heritage
III.
Create Opportunity!
On-going Building
Community
Movement in
Indonesia
AIM: to effectively speed up the development of
saujana heritage conservation in Indonesia
2008 - present
QUESTION:
How is the effective mechanism in managing
saujana heritage conservation in Indonesia?
APPROACHES:
- Action!
- Explore and create potential opportunities
- Build and utilize networking as tool of building heritage movement
- Involve in the urban politic by mediating networks among: local
community, activists, scholars, executives ---- further legislatives
I. SAUJANA HERITAGE CONSERVATION CHALLENGES
1.1. The Diversity of INDONESIAN HERITAGE
Kota
gede
Mountain
Indonesian has more than
500 “nations” & “languages”
Language
PIAGAM PELESTARIAN
PUSAKA INDONESIA
INDONESIAN CHARTA
FOR HERITAGE
CONSERVATION 2003
-- NATURAL HERITAGE
-- CULTURAL HERITAGE
-- SAUJANA HERITAGE
(CULTURAL LANDSCAPE)
Horse Cart
Traditional house
Culinary Heritage
Sultan HB X
Jamu
PULO KENANGA
UMBUL BINANGUN
1.2. Heritage Conservation as Management of Change
(Asworth, 1991)
UNREHABILITATED ARTEFACT
REHABILITATED ARTEFACT
@SITA
HERITAGE IS A PUBLIC GOOD (Navrud & Ready 2002)
• Flatiron Building, NYC
1.3. The Urban/Rural Space Heritage Conception
(Adishakti, 1997)
@SITA
@SITA
CONSERVATION OF SAUJANA
HERITAGE
Conservation of Heritage District
Conservation of Heritage District
Conservation of Heritage District
FUTURE URBAN/RURAL SPACE HERITAGE
@SITA
CONSERVATION OF SAUJANA
HERITAGE
Conservation of Heritage District
Conservation of Heritage District
Conservation of Heritage District
FUTURE URBAN/RURAL SPACE HERITAGE
1.4. Heritage as
the Sustainability Concept
(Mimura, 2003)
@SITA
1.5. The role of community:
people centered-management
@SITA
Five interdependence factors on the heritage
conservation management (Adishakti,2003):
1) People-centered management and the benefit of
heritage conservation for community;
2) Collaboration of multi disciplines
specialists/experts/technicians/sectors and development of
human resources of the related agencies and other relevant
bodies including the community mediators;
3) Enabled institutional mechanism and government support
upon community initiatives;
4) Strong legal aspect and law enforcement;
5) Conservation market to support sustainability of management.
1.6. Exploration: Indonesia as Mosaic of Saujana Heritage
SERIES OF STUDIES:
Timor Tengah Selatan,
Toraja
-Minangkabau Urban-Rural Conservation Planning 1999–2003
-Toraja Cultural Landscape, 1999 - 2000
-Yogyakarta Heritage Management , 2000
-Timor Tengah Selatan, 2002
-Bau-bau, Button, Sulawesi, 2003
-Rethinking Borobudur as Cultural Landscape 2003 - present
-Kotagede Heritage District Revitalization Post Earthquake,
2006 - present
Borobudur
Yogyakarta,
Minangkabau
Public discussion in the Jogja Heritage Week 2001
A STUDY ON THE URBAN AND RURAL CONSERVATION PLANNING OF
MINANGKABAU HINTERLAND, WEST SUMATRA, 1999 - 2003
CHARACTER
OF CASE
STUDIES
AREAS
Minangkaba, West
Sumatera
4.
bakorong
bakampuang
5.
basawah
baladang
2.
balabuah
batapian
6.
babalai
bamusajik
3.
barumah
batanggo
7
bapandam
pakuburan
1.
basosok
bajurami
darek
rantau
Nagari Conception in
Tambo Alam Minangkabau
Minangkabau
Space Hierarchy
The environmental concept in Boti Ethnic, Timor is
touching with love
Onen Mat Sen = Praying & Planting
Panat Te Lasi Munekat = taking care of environment
with full of love
@SITA
Rethinking Borobudur World Cultural Heritage and
Surrounding Townscapes as Cultural Landscape
Merapi-san
Borobudur Temple
@SITA
INTERNATIONAL FIELD SCHOOL ON
BOROBUDUR CULTURAL LANDSCAPE
2004, 2005,2006, 2007
1.7. References and Benchmarks of Saujana Heritage
CULTURAL LANDSCAPE:
- A complex phenomenon with tangible
and an intangible identity
- World Heritage Center UNESCO
since 1994 has classified heritage:
-- pusaka alam (natural heritage)
-- pusaka budaya (cultural heritage)
-- pusaka saujana (cultural landscape heritage)
Saujana Heritage Sungai Tarap, Tanah Datar, Sumbar
SAUJANA/
CULTURAL LANDSCAPE:
It‘s a manifestation interaction
between people and natural
environment (UNESCO, 1994)
World Cultural Landscape Heritage
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (Philippines)
Reflect the interactions
between people and their
natural environment over
space and time
Model of interaction between
people, their social system
and the way they organize
space
Since Industrial Revolution,
nature and culture have often
been conceives of as extreme
opposites in Western Thought
(Platcher, 1992)
Efforts to protect Tanada or rice terraces are under way
throughout Japan. Inabuchi no Tanada (Asuka-mura,
Nara Prefecture).
JAPAN
“Cultural Landscape”
Landscape of high value which
exist against the background of the
nature, history and culture of
agricultural, forestry, fishery
communities, having close relation
with traditional industries and
modes of life, and embraces a
unique land use or natural feature
representative of the area
Report on the Study of
On the Protection of Cultural Landscape
Associated with Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
12 June 2003
Committee on the Preservation,
Development and Utilization of Cultural Landscapes
Associated with Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
Monuments and Sites
Cultural Properties Department
Cultural Affairs, Japan
World Cultural Landscape Heritage, 2003
SACRED SITES AND PILGROMAGE
ROUTES IN THE KII MOUNTAIN RANGE,
AND THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE
THAT SURROUND THEM , JAPAN
Kataribe
Consist of 3 main Shrines,
Yoshino and Omine (44,8 ha),
Kumano Sanzan (94,2 ha),
Koyasan (63,1 ha),
pilgrimage routes 307,6 ha
lenght and cover 293,2 ha,
Buffer zone 11,37 ha.
Sites cover
495,3 ha.
Located at
Prefecture
Mie, Nara
dan
Wakayama.
THE WACHAU CULTURAL LANDSCAPE, AUSTRIA
(World Cultural Landscape Heritage (Year 2000)
Sites cover 4800 ha along Blou Donou River (36 km) from City of Melk to Kerms .
1.7. New Movement on Heritage Conservation Post Earthquake
KOTAGEDE HERITAGE DISTRICT REVITALIZATION
LONGTERM PROGRAM POST EARTHQUAKE (> 20 YEARS)
BEFORE EARTHQUAKE
AFTER EARTHQUAKE
- Heritage Investment
On-going Infill Design Pilot Project:
“Omah UGM”
Houses New Movement on Indonesian Heritage Conservation
Post Earthquake in Kotagede
II. THE WEAKNESS
1. Public understanding on heritage:
- as just about the past
- the artifacts/monuments only
- action by beautification only
2. Saujana is new in the institutional
system and education in Indonesia,
Although, actually, it is a tradition, a
local genius
3. Managing a change is
about leadership, but we
lack of.
Leadership in managing the cultural-natural expression in certain saujana
heritage/urban/rural space heritage will be based on her/his
Sensitivity, Taste & Creation,
Most of Jogja Heritage located in
THE THREATS
the Opak vault
-HERITAGE IS NOT MENTIONED
IN THE INDONESIAN LAW NO. 24,
2007 ON DISASTER MITIGATION
-FOLK HERITAGE IS NEGLECTED
Lost of
intangible
heritage,
craftsmen
Lost of tangible folk heritage
such traditional houses
III. CREATE OPPORTUNITY:
ON-GOING BUILDING COMMUNITY MOVEMENT
1998 - present
SAVE
INDONESIAN
HERITAGE!!!
NETWORK
[email protected]
3.1. Mediating Local Community
Community Empowerment Program in Kotagede
1998 - present
CONSERVATION APPROACHES:
1. LOCAL ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT
2. DOCUMENTATION & PRESENTATION
3. PROMOTION
4. ACTIVITIES PLANNING
5. BUILDING & DISTRICT DESIGN
6. ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURE
@SITA
Support Local Initiatives and
On-going Exploration, 2003 - present
Borobudur
@SITA
MOUNT MERBABU
3. THE ROLE
OF
BOROBUDUR
GUNUNG SUMBINGLOCAL COMMUNITY
MOUNT MERAPI
2. TOURISM IMPACT
ON THE TEMPLE
1. SAUJANA
MENOREH HILL
PRAMBANAN
KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Recommendations from UNESCO Experts Meeting 2003
SAMUDRA INDONESIAN
3.2. Building alliance of
heritage community
concerned: local - national
(1991, 2000, 2004 - present)
-- Establishment of Jogja
Heritage Society
-- Establishment of Indonesian
Network on Heritage
Conservarion 2000
-- Establishment of Jogja Forum
on Cultural Environment
-- Indonesian Heritage Year 2003
-- Indonesian Heritage Charter
2003
-- Indonesian Heritage Decade
2004 – 2013
-- ”Joint Action” toward ”the
total system of heritage
conservation”.
-- Establishment of Indonesia
Heritage Trust 2004
3.3. Formulate and conduct heritage education (2007 – present)
Kotagede Field School
- Sawaki Laboratory, Osaka University and Universitas
-
Gadjah Mada, 2008
2008 Summer School in Jogja-Indonesia - Japan
Universitas Gadjah Mada Undergraduate Field Study,
2008
“Kotagede Project” Universitas Gadjah Mada and TU
Delft, in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, April, 2008.
“International Field School for Asian Heritage:
Kotagede Preliminary Conservation Master Plan Post
Earthquake”.2007
The needs of
Community
Mediator as a
Profession
3.4. Mediating the Policy Makers/ Executives (2008 – present)
Establishment of Indonesian Network on Heritage
Cities (Mayors organization), October 25, 2008
Assisted by Indonesian Heritage Trust
SHORT-TERM PROGRAMS:
- Capacity Building
- Pre Congress hosted by Mayor of Jakarta Utara, July 2009
- 1st Congress hosted by Mayor of Sawahlunto, October 2009
LONG-TERM PROGRAMS:
- Heritage City National and Local Regulation
MAYOR OF SOLO
has heritage initiatives & leadership
Parade on the World Heritage Cities Conference
in Solo, October 2008
HERITAGE MOVEMENT IN INDONESIA
1903 1933
19701990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2009 2013
1980
Bau-bau
Jeron Beteng
COMMUNITY
LOVERS/
EXPERTS/
NGO
GOVERNMENT
Kotagede
Restoration
UU No.5/
1992
IAAI
Archeology
IAI 60 1975
in Indonesia
PROFESSION/
MARKET
Archaeology
Architecture
EDUCATION
I
Minang
Borobudur
N
D
O
JPPI
BPPI/Indonesian
N
Medan Semarang, Pan,
E
Heritage Trust
S
jogja Padang
Sumatra Bali, Jatim, Ternate, dll
I
Bandung
A
JKPI/Indonesian Network
N
Borobudur
for Heritage Cities
Monumenten
Ordonansi
REGULATION
@SITA
H
Trowulan Tragedy
E
RI
TA
G Revision UU No.5/1992
E
CHARTER
Y
E
A
R
Architectural Heritage
?
BPPI
Sertification?
Heritage Planning
Heritage Education for Schools
HERITAGE MOVEMENT IN INDONESIA
1903 1933
@SITA
19701990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2009 2013
1980
Bau-bau
Jeron Beteng
Kotagede
COMMUNITY
I
Minang
Borobudur
N
D
O
JPPI
BPPI/Indonesian
N
Medan
Semarang,
Pan,
E
Heritage Trust
LOVERS/
S
jogja Padang
Sumatra Bali, Jatim, Ternate, dll
EXPERTS/
I
Bandung
NGO
A
N
JKPI/Indonesian Network
Borobudur
for Heritage Cities
Restoration
H
Trowulan Tragedy
GOVERNMENT
E
RI
TA
Monumenten
UU No.5/
G Revision UU No.5/1992
Ordonansi
E
1992
?
REGULATION
IAAI
Archeology
IAI 60 1975
in Indonesia
PROFESSION/
MARKET
Archaeology
Architecture
EDUCATION
CHARTER
Y
E
A
R
Architectural Heritage
BPPI
Sertification?
Heritage Planning
Heritage Education for Schools
Mount Merbabu
Mount Merapi
City of Magelang
TERIMA KASIH
THANK YOU
OKINI
SAUJANA BOROBUDUR , from Mount Sumbing