MIT Lincoln Laboratory - the AFCEA Boston, Lexington

MIT Lincoln Laboratory
Overview
Lexington-Concord Chapter
Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association
by
Dr. Eric D. Evans
Director
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
11 April 2007
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_1.ppt
050330_1.ppt
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
Westford, MA
Socorro, NM
Kwajalein, Marshall Islands
Lexington, MA
Albuquerque, NM
Mission
Technology for National Security
Employees
Main Roles
FY07 Funding
Technical: 2300
Support:
800
Total:
3100
• System architecture engineering
• Long-term technology development
• Rapid system prototyping and transition
DoD:
$541M
Non-DoD: $42M
Total:
$583M
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_2.ppt
050330_2.ppt
Lincoln Laboratory Origins
George Valley
Assoc. Professor
of Physics at MIT
James Killian, Jr.
MIT President
1948 - 1959
•
Prof. George Valley identified significant
strategic air defense shortcomings
•
MIT President Killian requested Project
Charles study
•
Project Charles recommended creating
Project Lincoln for air defense
•
Lincoln Laboratory established in July 1951
•
Laboratory/Contractor team develop
Semi-Automatic Ground Environment
(SAGE) system
– Significant innovations:
Real-time computer control
Error-correcting digital
communications
Magnetic core memory
Light pen CRT interface
Lincoln Laboratory in the 1950’s
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_3.ppt
050330_3.ppt
Lincoln Laboratory History Overview
50s
60s
Lincoln
Sputnik
Project
FFRDC
Charles
MITRE Status
Spins Off Begins
Lincoln
Laboratory
Begins
70s
80s
Post Vietnam
Ramp Down
First Lincoln
Non-DoD
Programs
Reagan
Defense
Build Up
90s
Post Cold War
Ramp Down
00s
9/11
Attacks
Lean Hardware
Project Era
Significant Hardware/
Software Program
Growth
Missions
Air Defense
Ballistic Missile
Defense
Advanced
Electronics
Communications and
Information Technology
ASW
High Energy Laser
Bio-Technology
Info Assurance
Tactical Systems
Homeland Protection
Space Control
Air Traffic Control
NOAA/NASA
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_4.ppt
050330_4.ppt
DoD Federally Funded Research and
Development Centers (FFRDCs)
Main Responsibilities
1.
Giving open/unbiased support
to government
2.
Developing non-competitive
relationships with industry
3.
Maintaining/developing strong
technical expertise
4.
Establishing long-term system
and technology awareness
5.
Promoting cross-Service
technology awareness
6.
Enabling rapid assessment and
prototyping
7.
Promoting technology transfer
from government to industry
DoD FFRDCs
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
IDA Communication and Computation
Software Engineering Institute
R&D
Studies
& Analysis
CNA
IDA
RAND
System Engineering
& Integration
MITRE C3I
Aerospace
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_5.ppt
050330_5.ppt
Lincoln in the Development Cycle
Analysis
Analysis &
&
Architectures
Architectures
------------------------------------------Technology
Technology Awareness
Awareness
Technology
Technology Development
Development
User Experience
“Prototyping”
“Prototyping”
•• Components;
Components;
Subsystems
Subsystems
•• Evaluation
Evaluation
Systems
Systems
Testing
Production
Production
Industrial
Industrial Base
Base
•
Increasingly, the intellectual property cycle is separate
from the apparatus cycle
•
•
More of our tasks require “fighting with the prototype”
Lincoln is a very “integrated” environment
– Multi-mission
– Multiple-discipline
– Multi-sponsor
– Federated operations
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_6.ppt
050330_6.ppt
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
Core Work Areas
Sensors
Information Extraction
Communications
Integrated Sensing and Decision Support
Mission Areas
Air
Air and
and Missile
Missile Defense
Defense
Space
Space Control
Control
Tactical
Tactical Systems
Systems
Biological-Chemical
Biological-Chemical
Defense
Defense
Communications
Communications and
and
Information
Technology
Information Technology
Non-DoD
Non-DoD
Air
Traffic
Air Traffic Control
Control
NASA/NOAA;
NASA/NOAA; Intell
Intell
Advanced
Advanced Electronics
Electronics Technology
Technology
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_7.ppt
050330_7.ppt
Spectrum of Lincoln Laboratory Activities
CCD
Technology
Advanced Multiband
Antenna System
Space Surveillance
Telescope
Real-Time Program
SIDECAR
Phased Array
Scheduler
Scalable MW
Sig Pro
Middleware
Operating System
OS
Hardware (CPU, Memory, I/O)
Biological Agent
Warning Sensors
Radar Open System
Architecture Software
3-D Laser
Imaging
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_8.ppt
050330_8.ppt
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
MIT
DoD
Susan Hockfield, President
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
Advisory Board
Office of the Provost
Mr. Kent Kresa, Chairman
Office of the President
Joint Advisory Committee
Mr. John Young, DDR&E, Chairman
L. Rafael Reif, Provost
Claude R. Canizares, Assoc. Provost
and Vice President for Research
Lincoln Laboratory
Eric D. Evans
Director
Antonio F. Pensa
Lee O. Upton
Assistant Director
Assistant Director
Anthony P. Sharon
Asst. to Director
for Admin. and Finance
Director’s Office Staff
Technical
Divisions
Service Departments
Kenneth F. Colucci
Zachary J. Lemnios
Facilities Services
Human Resources
Security Services
Strategic External Relationships
Chief Technology Officer
Donald N. Holmes
Brian S. Donahue
Shawn S. Daley
Roger W. Sudbury
James W. Wade
Joyce D. Yaffee
Financial Services
Information Technology
Special Projects
Mission Assurance
Strategic Human Resources
James F. Ingraham
Gerald P. Banner
Air and Missile
Defense
Technology
Tactical Systems
Technology
Communications
and Information
Technology
Engineering
Solid State
Aerospace
ISR Systems and
Technology
Kenneth R. Roth
Robert T-I. Shin
J. Scott Stadler
Charles F. Bruce
David C. Shaver
William M. Brown
David R. Martinez
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_9.ppt
050330_9.ppt
Projected 2007 Funding
Sponsor
Mission Area
Air
Tactical Surveillance
Defense
Technology
Non-DoD
7%
Special
11%
Air
Force
10%
Other
DoD
OSD
Line
Navy
8%
Advanced
Electronics
Technology
6%
Special
10%
BiologicalChemical
Defense
4%
38%
8%
4%
Space
Control
5%
10%
DARPA
DoD
Non-DoD
Total
Ballistic
Missile
Defense
7%
10%
MDA
19%
13%
$541M
$ 42M
$583M
8%
Non-DoD
22%
Army
Communications
and Information
Technology
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_10.ppt
050330_10.ppt
Composition of Technical Population
Degrees
Academic Disciplines
No
Degree
No
Computer
Science Degree
6%
Master’s
27%
25%
Mechanical
Engineering
Doctorate
6%
Physics
13%
Bachelor’s
Mathematics
42%
7%
Other
19%
9%
5%
41%
Electrical
Engineering
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_11.ppt
050330_11.ppt
Selected Air and Missile Defense Projects
Forward-Based
Radar (FBR)
TPS-X Sensor
Objective:
Missile Defense
Agency
Forward-Based Radar
Sidecar
Surveillance, tracking
and discrimination of
ballistic missiles
early in flight
Next-Generation
Navy Radars
Lincoln
Digital Array
Radar Testbed
Navy
Objective:
Highly digitized
radars capable of
simultaneous air
and ballistic
missile defense
CG(X) Cruiser
Lockheed Martin
S-band Array
Prototype
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_12.ppt
050330_12.ppt
E-2C Radar Modernization
Lincoln Laboratory Roles
Mountaintop Test Site
ADS-18 Antenna
Digital Receivers
GEN 3 Processor
Hawkeye 2000
STAP
Performance
Mitigation
of Clutter
Verification
• System test beds and measurements
• STAP algorithm development
• Technology transfer to industry
dB Relative to
Thermal Noise
• Technology prototype development
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
–5
–10
–15
145
Non-Adaptive
Pre-Doppler STAP
150
155
160
165
Range (km)
170
175
180
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_13.ppt
050330_13.ppt
ROSA-Radar Open Systems Architecture
TRADEX
(L/S Band)
Frequency
and Timing
ROSA
Transmitter
Transmitter
MICROWAVE
ALCOR
(C+Band)
Upconverter
Upconverter
RF
IF
RFReceiver
IF
Receiver
MMW
(Ka Band)
• 75% common hardware and software
• > 80% COTS components
• Enables remote operations and
Radiation
Monitor Interface
Transmitter
Transmitter
Control
Control
Master T
Master Timing
WFG
WFG
Main
Computer
Local
Console
ALTAIR
(VHF/UHF)
RSE
Digital Pulse
Digital Pulse
Compression
Compression
• New waveform flexibility
– CW – 2 GHz instantaneous bandwidth
– 120+ waveform suite
Recording
Recording
Antenna
Control
diagnostics
• Low cost (~ $10 M / radar)
New
On-line
Sidecar
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_14.ppt
050330_14.ppt
Hercules BMD Field Test Bed (BFT)
Migration to Fusion/C2BMC
ALCOR
TPS-X (THAAD)
MMW
Pulse Data
Sensor
Node
GBR-P
In Line Pulse Data
On Line
Sensor
Node
Sensor
Node
Sensor
Node
Fusion
Fusion
Applications
Applications
Fusion Network – Communication Toolbox Middleware (TENA/CORBA)
Sensor Node
Sensor Node
Motivation:
DSP
• Provide rapid development and testing environment
for fusion/C2BMC
STSS
• Speed up and enhance transition to system elements
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_15.ppt
050330_15.ppt
Aegis BMD Sidecar Effort
Vertical
Launch
System
Link 16
Command
and
Decision
Radar
Control
Computer
SPY-1 Antenna
•
•
•
Joint effort between Aegis
BMD and Project Hercules
Multi-year effort with MIT LL,
Lockheed Martin, NSWC
Dahlgren
Funding/schedule in place
–
–
CSEDS integration early FY06
At sea FY07
Weapon
Control
System
Rcvr
Xmtr
In-Service
Signal
Processor
New
Waveforms
Discrimination
Algorithms
06 Baseline
Architecture
08 Prototype
Architecture
and Advanced
Capabilities
Aegis BMD
Signal
Processor
(Inline)
Closed
Discrim
Loop
Closed
Track
Loop
Glueware
Sidecar
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_16.ppt
050330_16.ppt
Integrated Sensing and Decision Making
CONUS Operations
Support Center (COSC)
Lexington Space Situational
Awareness Center (LSSAC)
Missile
Defense
Space
Control
Missile
Defense
Space Control
Sensor
Sidecars
Sensor
Sidecars
NCES
Compliance
Reagan Test Site
Millstone Hill
Global
Global Information
Information Grid
Grid (GIG)
(GIG)
Communications and Networking
Space
User Defined
Operational
Picture
(UDOP)
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_17.ppt
050330_17.ppt
Selected Tactical Projects
3-D image under
Summer mid-latitude foliage
Jigsaw 3-D Laser Radar for
Imaging Through Obscurants
Objective:
ID targets
through foliage
and obscurants
with compact
ladar sensors
DARPA
Phase 3
Phase 2
32 × 32
Photon-Counter
• Divisions 10, 7, 8
Microchip Laser
ALIRT 3-D Laser Radar
for Wide Area Mapping
Objective:
Generate
high-resolution
wide-area
3-D maps of
urban areas
• Divisions 10, 7, 8
Yosemite
Valley
Sabreliner
Jet
DARPA /
Air Force
Golden Gate Bridge
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_18.ppt
050330_18.ppt
Geiger-Mode APD Arrays Bonded to
CMOS Timing Circuitry
CMOS Timing
Circuitry
APD
Pixel
Avalanche-photodiode
array
hν
+
-
100 μm
n
p
APD Active
Area
External
Clock
Silicon (Visible)
32x32 Array
Timing
Register
Photon
Arrival Time
Timing-circuitry array
•
Technology advantages:
– Extreme sensitivity (single
photon)
– Fine range resolution (< 10 cm)
– Fully integrated - digital output
of range image
– Scalable to large array sizes
InGaAs (1-μm-Sensitive)
32 x 32 Arrays
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_19.ppt
050330_19.ppt
ALIRT Imagery of New York City
World Trade Center Site
USS Intrepid Museum
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_20.ppt
050330_20.ppt
Selected Space Surveillance Projects
Space Surveillance
Telescope
Objective:
Detection of
small satellites
in deep space
DARPA
Mosaic of LL CCDs
• 3.5 m
diameter
• Wide FOV
telescope
• Initial Operations
2007
• Divisions 9, 7, 8
DARPA / Air Force
Haystack Wideband
Upgrade
Objective:
High-resolution
imaging of satellites
in deep space
Haystack X-Band
(Current)
W-Band
(Upgrade)
9.5-10.5 GHz
92-100 GHz
• 120 ft diameter
• 100 µm rms
surface
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_21.ppt
050330_21.ppt
Space Surveillance Telescope (SST)
Sensor Subsystem (MIT/LL)
Enclosure Subsystem
(M3 Engineering)
Telescope Subsystem
(L3-Brashear)
Control and Data
Processing Subsystem
(MIT/LL)
Wide Field-of-View
Camera (GL Scientific)
CCD Imager
High-Speed Shutter
•
Objective: Demonstrate revolutionary search and track
capability for Deep Space objects
•
Discover smallest potentially active and threatening
objects
•
Simultaneously achieve high search rate and exquisite
sensitivity
•
Frequent catalog update to allow status monitoring –
provide queuing
SST first layer for defensive counterspace and survivability
Search Æ discover Æ track Æassess
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_22.ppt
050330_22.ppt
Selected Communications Projects
Lasercom
Demonstration
Objective:
Demonstrate
up to 50 Mbps
from Space
orbit to Earth
• Geiger-mode photoncounting technology
• Launch — FY09
• Divisions 6, 7, 8, 9
Advanced Multiband
Antenna System
Objective:
Develop low-profile
multi-band, multi-beam
SatCom antennas for
airborne platforms
• Divisions 6, 7, 10
Detector
Array
NASA
Palomar
Telescope
Receive Terminal
Flight
Terminal
Array
Partners
• NASA Goddard
• JPL
Wideband
Gapfiller
AEHF
Air Force
Milstar
Commercial
Subcontracts
to Industry
CDL
<5″ Height
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_23.ppt
050330_23.ppt
Antenna Systems Test Facility
mmWave Chamber
Tapered Chamber
Compact Range
System Test Chamber
Mobile Test Van
Building 1715
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_24.ppt
050330_24.ppt
Lincoln Laboratory Community Outreach
Purpose
Create a center for Lincoln Laboratory’s involvement in service to
local communities, in partnership with MIT’s Public Service Center
• Education programs
• Corporate charity events
• United Way Campaign
• Marshall Islands Support
• Volunteer Opportunities
• Special Events
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_25.ppt
050330_25.ppt
Summary
•
•
Lincoln Laboratory is a Federally Funded Research and
Development Center (FFRDC)
Key mission areas:
Air Defense
Missile Defense
Surface Surveillance
•
Communications
Space Control
Advanced Electronics
Main program roles
Architectures
Signal Processing
Networks
Intelligence
Ranges and Test Infrastructure
Test and Evaluation
Technology
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
AFCEA_26.ppt
050330_26.ppt