IATSS Forum

Contents
Preface ······················································································································································································2
IATSS Forum Program ···························································································································································5
Lecturers ··················································································································································································6
Participants ··············································································································································································7
Report & Essay
<Seminar Essay>
Photo Page··········································································································· 14
Political System ··································································································· 16
Enterprise Strategies I·························································································· 21
Diplomatic Policy ································································································ 24
International Cooperation ···················································································· 28
Japanese Culture·································································································· 34
OVOP: One Village One Product Movement ······················································ 39
Education············································································································· 43
Development and Industrial Promotion ······························································· 47
Environment and Sustainable Asia ······································································ 51
Sustainable Regional Development ····································································· 56
Enterprise Strategies II ························································································ 60
<Visit Report>
Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Suzuka Factory ·······························································
Traffic Education Centre······················································································
Toyota Commemorative Museum········································································
Toyota Commemorative Museum········································································
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<Group Study Report >
Photo Page···········································································································
Population Issues I·······························································································
Population Issues II ·····························································································
Facilitation Skills·································································································
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A. Our Village, Our Product, Our Pride······························································· 90
B. Orphans Grow Organic “Self Reliance through Organic Farming”··············· 114
C. Improving Primary Education in a Lao Theung Community in Lao PDR ·············· 134
<Observation Report>
How to culture pearls·························································································
Working life style ······························································································
The Ever Timely Scheduled Japan·····································································
Japanese and environment ·················································································
Agriculture in Japan···························································································
Reliably, Efficiently, and Timely – Means of Transportation in Japan ···············
“YO-IYASA-SA” ······························································································
More insights of Japan’s railway transport! ·······················································
Lovely Culture! ·································································································
Amazing the secret of success ~ Japanese Best Practices!·································
KAIZEN in Japanese Toilet ···············································································
The Hands of the Geisha····················································································
Understanding Through Misunderstanding························································
Getting Inside the Japanese Way of Thinking & Feeling ···································
Japanese traditional morals and values of “Shinto” ···········································
Biking in Japan: FUN and SAFE!······································································
Mobile Phone Use for Foreigners in Japan ························································
A beautiful human-oriented monoculture ··························································
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<Accomplishment Report>
Photo Page·········································································································
Mr. Khem David (Cambodia) ············································································
Mr. Te Ponloeu (Cambodia)···············································································
Ms. Maria Taslim (Indonesia)············································································
Ms. Yayuk Sri Rahayu (Indonesia) ····································································
Mr. Netkham Southaluck (Laos)········································································
Mr. Thongsavanh Khammanichanh (Laos) ························································
Ms. Khoo May Yin (Malaysia) ··········································································
Mr. Nantha Kumar Subramaniam (Malaysia) ····················································
Mr. Aung Khant Minn @ Aung Thar Hmwe (Myanmar)···································
Ms. Cho Thiri Maung (Myanmar) ·····································································
Ms. Altis Anecita Trasmonte (Philippines) ························································
Mr. José Edgardo Gomez, Jr. (Philippines)························································
Ms. Suraya Binte Ya’akub (Singapore)······························································
Mr. Tey Len Huat Leslie (Singapore)·································································
Ms. Singkhonrat Jirada (Thailand)·····································································
Ms. Sasiporn Srabua (Thailand) ········································································
Mr. Nguyen Thanh Tung (Vietnam)···································································
Ms. Van Thi Minh Huyen (Vietnam) ·································································
Ms. Kumi Shibuya (Japan) ················································································
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Preface
Akira Haga
General Manager
IATSS Forum
Ladies and Gentlemen, whomever may have gotten this publication in their hands,
Konnichiwa.
I am pleased to deliver to you the Reviews & Reports from the 43rd IATSS Forum, held in the
spring of 2008.
It was my first time experience as a general manager of this forum. This preface is also my first
contribution to Reviews & Reports. I would mainly like to write about my personal concerns
because I have the prerogative of a first-timer.
It was April 1st when I assumed the management position of IATSS Forum, having taken over
for the previous general manager, Mr. Matsuura.
Prior to this, I had been working for IATSS in Tokyo, mainly taking charge of a research
project for 3 years, but I sometimes came to Suzuka mainly to support IATSS Forum IT
facilities.
However, embarrassing as it may be to admit, around that period my understanding and
impression of IATSS Forum and its participants were superficial and vague. What I thought
were young professionals, future leaders of each country, come to Suzuka and participate in
various training sessions in the program, return to their countries and achieve great success.
Likewise, I felt the young, cheerful participants were doing research with passion and they
were trying as hard as they could to write reports, something like that.
Through the 43rd IATSS Forum, I have come to slowly understand that, actually, IATSS Forum
is not only administered by Suzuka office but also has been supported by the countless thoughts
and hopes, and visible and invisible cooperation of a lot of people with volunteer spirits.
I was also surprised and deeply moved by the lively Alumni activities conducted through its
support network, which have been well-established not only in Japan, but in each ASEAN
country as well.
Nevertheless, to be honest, I still do not completely understand what IATSS Forum is exactly,
despite having completed the 43rd IATSS Forum, from April 7th to June 2nd, together with the
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participants as general manager.
I guess I was not the only one thinking that the 43rd IATSS Forum was going to be like a
half-sunken boat gone adrift in a rough sea, because I was like a robot with only basic
operation system. And there was also virtually no way to properly guide the IATSS staff (as a
lot of them were also inexperienced). Moreover, most of the participants were also setting foot
in Japan for the first time.
In spite of my anxiety, and some poor preparation and execution, there were no big and
unrepairable failures during the forum, I think…
Here are some of the reasons for my thoughts:
1) There were ungrudging support and cooperation from all the people who have an
understanding and love of the Forum such as Japanese and local committees, lecturers for each
seminar, alumni of each country, experienced local volunteers and so on.
2) There was a well-prepared program which was arranged by existing staff members until just
before the forum, under the strict supervision of the previous general manager.
3) Although the staff members did not have much experience, they made serious effort in the
program they were in charge of by sharing and solving problems and implementing the
program very well, indeed.
4) Above all, because there were 18 qualified participants from 9 different countries
passionately, deeply and patiently dedicated to the motto, “Thinking & Learning together.” The
participants had positive, cooperative, sincere and open minded attitudes. They could accept
anything they encountered and they were able to absorb everything they saw and listened to.
They developed themselves from their experiences with large curiosity and a desire for
knowledge.
I cannot count how many times I was helped by the people around me when I was in a little
trouble. Sometimes I sincerely had no idea what was going on, but I was also encouraged by
the cheerful, positive and open minded words and attitudes of the participants during the forum.
In the course of thought, I came to realize that IATSS Forum was not only a training program
for the participants, but also for me, the staff, and all the people who were involved in thinking
and learning together. It is said that the origin of the word “Forum (discussion)” comes from
one common method of group discussion in ancient Rome”.
3
That brought me to the realization that IATSS program is just a method or tool for “Thinking
and Learning together.” Interacting and feeling empathy from the bottom of our hearts between
individuals and groups is the real purpose and root of Forum.
I am uncertain whether this is right or not, but at least I am thinking this way nowadays.
On the one hand, during 55 days, my heart was captured by negativity, anxiety, concern,
soul-searching and regret. On the other hand, I received lots of positivity, discovery,
amazement, admiration, not to mention sensations of delight and happiness.
The participants always smiled me back when I was taking photos and video of them. Those
big smiles were actually their encouragement to me and staff members.
I realized that the people who were always standing by me, warm and patient, until the end of
the program were actually the participants; despite of my lack of understanding for English, I
occasionally may have made excuses that I was too busy to interact with them.
We had beautiful and fragile Japanese cherry blossoms, which died gracefully in the peaceful
spring breeze right after the participants arrived in Japan. The team building training in Ise
helped build strong bonds between the participants. They drank all the alcohol we had prepared
for 3 nights in one night. An unexpected disaster in Myanmar (a cyclone which caused huge
damage), inspired the participants to donate raised founds as charity. Some lecturers were
amazed by their positive and lively attitudes toward seminars. Cultural exchange day was
successful through the efforts of the participants, such as going out of the venue to call in more
guests, etc. Every day was exciting and thrilling, but the best thing, of course, was their smiles.
I deeply appreciate my great luck in being assigned to IATSS Forum, where there is a long
history and you can meet various people and experience lots of things.
Perhaps that all the things I have written above are my personal concerns, so they may be
inappropriate as a preface for Reviews & Reports.
Notwithstanding, I will be very pleased if my preface somehow expresses my greatest respect
and appreciation towards all the participants who sacrificed their time and wrote these precious
reports.
Thank you very much!
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The 43rd IATSS Forum Program
Date
4
5
6
7
Day
Time
Mon
Program
Lecturer
Arrival / Orientation
8
Tue
Orientation / Gasshuku - Team Building Training
9
Wed
Gasshuku - Team Building Training
T.Seki
10
Thu
Gasshuku - Team Building Training
T.Seki
11
Fri
Gasshuku - Team Building Training / Preparation for Opening Ceremony
12
Sat
13:30-16:00 Opening Ceremony
13
Sun
13:30-19:00 Japanese Cultural Introduction Day
14
Mon
9:00-16:00
Group Study: Theme Lecture I
15
Tue
9:00-16:00
Group Study: Theme Lecture II
K.Ikegami
16
Wed
9:00-16:00
Introductory Training ①: Facilitation Skills ①
K.Tsubaki
17
Thu
9:00-16:00
Seminar ① Political System
Y.Tsuboi
18
Fri
9:00-16:00
Group Study ①
19
Sat
Home Stay
20
Sun
Home Stay
21
Mon
22
Tue
23
Wed
9:00-16:00
Seminar ②: Enterprise Strategies I
24
Thu
9:00-16:00
Seminar ③: Deplomatic Policy
25
Fri
9:00-16:00
K.Ikegami
Group Study ②
Visit to Suzuka City Hall / Suzuka Police Station/ Honda Suzuka Factory
Visit to Traffic Education Center
26
Sat
Visit to Nara
27
Sun
Individual-Plan Day
28
Mon
Individual-Plan Day
29
Tue
Seminar ④ International Cooperation
30
Wed
Visit to Kyoto Gosho and Shijou Kyomachiya
1
Thu
9:00-16:00
Introductory Training ②: Facilitation Skills ②
2
Fri
9:00-16:00
Seminar ⑤ - Japanese Culture -Japanese Budo: The Martial Ways of Japan-
3
Sat
N
a
r
a
/
K
y
o
t
o
S. Morimoto
T.Mizota
K.Tsubaki
A.Bennett
Self-Development Activity
4
Sun
5
Mon
Self-Development Activity
6
Tue
7
Wed
9:00-16:00
8
Thu
9:00-16:00
Group Study -Intermediate Presentation
9
Fri
9:00-16:00
Seminar ⑦: Education
10
Sat
9:00-16:00
Seminar ⑥: OVOP:　One Village One Product Movement
F.Adachi
Visit to Toyota Commemorative Museum of Industry and Technology
Group Study ③
S.Yamada
Preparation for Cultural Exchange Day
11
Sun
12
Mon
9:00-16:00
Seminar ⑧: Development and Industrial Promotion
Y.Nagamine
13
Tue
9:00-16:00
Seminar ⑨: Environment and Sustainable Asia
K.Matsushita
14
Wed
9:00-16:00
Group Study ④
15
Thu 9:00-16:00
Group Study ⑤
16
Fri
Seminar ⑩ Sustainable Regional Development
17
Sat
18
Sun
19
Mon
Cultural Exchange Day
9:00-16:00
S.Fukushima
Self-Development Activity
Self-Development Activity
9:00-16:00
Group Study ⑥
20
Tue
9:00-16:00
Group Study - Finaｌ Check
21
Wed
9:00-16:00
Seminar ⑪: Enterprise Strategies・
22
Thu
Visit to Tokyo Traffic Control Center / Waseda University
23
Fri
Visit to Respective Embassies
24
Sat
Individual-Plan Day
25
Sun
Individual-Plan Day
26
Mon
Report Preparation Day
Group Study ⑦
27
Tue
9:00-16:00
28
Wed
9:00-16:00
Group Study ⑧
29
Thu
9:00-16:00
Group Study - Rehearsal
Evaluation
30
Fri
9:00-16:00
31
Sat
10:00-16:00 Group Study Presentation & Completion Ceremony
1
Sun
Self-Development Activity
2
Mon
Departure
5
T
o
k
y
o
/ Y.Tsuboi
Lectures
Tomoko Seki
Trainer, Project Adventure Japan
Kiyoko Ikegami
Director, United Nations Population Fund, Tokyo Office
Keiko Tsubaki
Managing Director, Global Network of Facilitators
Yoshiharu Tsuboi
Professor, School of Political Science and Economics,
Waseda University
Mitsuyoshi Harada
General Manager, Overseas Business Department, Area Franchising
Division, FamilyMart Co., Ltd.
Satoshi Morimoto
Professor, Director, Institute of World Studies, Takusyoku University
Tsutomu Mizota
Professor and Chair, Department of Social & Environmental Medicine,
Institute of Tropical Medicine / Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
National University of Nagasaki
Alexander Bennett
Lecturer, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Teikyo University
Fumihiko Adachi
Professor, College of Contemporary Society and Culture,
Kinjo Gakuin University
Shoko Yamada
Associate Professor, Graduate School of International Development,
Nagoya University
Yoshio Nagamine
Advisor, Project Operation Division No.1, International Department,
Sanyu Consultants Inc.
Kazuo Matsushita
Professor, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies,
Kyoto University
Shigeru Fukushima
Director, Meijo Asian Research Center / Professor, Dr. Eng.
Faculty of Urban Science
(INPO）
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Participants
Cambodia
Khem David
(To)
Unilever (Cambodia) Limited
Customer Development
Management Trainee
Cambodia
Te Ponloeu
(Meng)
Cambodia Airport Management Services
Terminal Department
Terminal Coordinator
Indonesia
Maria Taslim
(Maria)
Lippobank
Branch Sales Rewards & Recognition Department
Assistant Manager
Indonesia
Yayuk Sri Rahayu
(Yayuk)
CV. Adikaya
Markering Department
Marketing
Laos
Netkham Southaluk
(Net)
Savannakhet Teacher Training College (STTC)
English Office
Teacher
Laos
Thongsavanh Khammanichanh
(Thong)
United Nations World Food Programme (WFP)
Senior Programme Assistant
Malaysia
Khoo May Yin
(Sakura)
JUSTERA PERUNDING WCT SDN BHD Engineering & Housing Department
Administrative Manager
7
Malaysia
Nantha Kumar Subramaniam
(Nantha)
Open University Malaysia
Faculty of Information Technology & Multimedia Communication
Vice Dean (Senior Lecturer)
Myanmar
Aung Thar Hmwe @ Aung Khant Minn
(James)
Career Development Consultancy Co., Ltd.
Marketing Manager
Myanmar
Cho Thiri Maung
(Cho)
Malikha Engineering Limited
Sales and Marketing Department
Exective Director
Philippines
Altis Anecita Trasmonte
(Annie)
Philippines Science High School-Western Visayas Campus
Human Department
Special Science Teacher
Philippines
Gomez Jose Edgardo Jr. Abaya
(Jed)
University of the Philippines
School of Urban & Regional Planning
Instructor VII
Singapore
Suraya Binte Ya'akub
(Su)
Peng San Productions
Exective Producer
Singapore
Tey Len Huat Leslie
Ngee Ann Polytechnic
School of Interdisciplinary Studies
Lecturer
8
(Leslie)
Thailand
Singkhonrat Jirada
(Tai)
Thammasat University
Faculty of Science and Technology
Assistant Professor
Thailand
Srabua Sasiporn
(Aey)
Royal Thai Army Nursing College
Community Health Nursing Department
Nursing Instructor
Vietnam
Nguyen Thanh Tung
(Tung)
The Vietnam Union of Friendship Organizations (VUFO)
Department for People to People Relations
Program Coordinator
Vietnam
Van Thi Minh Huyen
(Huyen)
Hanoi Foreign Trade University
Faculty of Business English
Lecturer
Japan
Kumi Shibuya
(Kumi)
Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
Automobile Service Engineering Office
Technical Service Division
9
IATSS Forum Staff Members
Akira
Tomoo
Akira Haga
General Maganer
Tomoo Oba
Mikio
Masumi
Yumi
Mikio Koganei
Masumi Saka
Yumiko Tanaka
Chie
Kanako
Chie Yonezu
Kanako Yoshida
Midori Kishi (Midori)
Teruyo Unida (Teruyo)
Maiko Tsuneki (Mai Mai)
10
Report & Essay
13
14
Seminar Essay
15
Seminar: Political System
Prof. Yoshiharu Tsuboi
April 17th, 2008
Nantha Kumar Subramaniam
Malaysia
1. Introduction
Our very first seminar was Political System & Our Lives delivered by Prof. Yoshiharu
Tsuboi of Waseda University. I’m very much interested in the topic as I always abreast of
the political system and its development in ASEAN countries. The seminar started with the
introduction of the lecturer followed by the country presentations. Before starting the
country presentations, the lecturer shared his feelings about the changes in the political
landscape that is currently taking place in ASEAN countries. He believes ASEAN is
heading towards in the right direction in the context of the political and election systems
toward a democratic society. Notwithstanding, when talking about political systems, in my
opinion, one should understand the exact meaning of “political system” before one goes
on further to understand the political climate in the ASEAN region. A political system is a
system of politics and government. It is usually compared to the legal system, economic
system, cultural system, and other social systems. It can generally be defined on a
spectrum from left, i.e. communism and socialism to the right, i.e. fascism. There are
several definitions of "political system":
A political system is a complete set of institutions, interest groups (such as
political parties, trade unions, lobby groups), the relationships between those
institutions and the political norms and rules that govern their functions
(constitution, election law).
A political system is a system that necessarily has two properties: a set of
interdependent components and boundaries toward the environment with which it
interacts.
Politics is a sensitive issue for certain people. Thus, during the seminar, the participants
tried their best to take part in a more constructive discussion with free a flow of ideas
rather than confronting or criticizing one another.
16
In the evening, the lecturer gave presentation about the topic. In particular he has focused
on Japanese’s Imperial Family and Japanese political system. Like Malaysia, the emperor
is the head of the country and the symbol of unity and pride among the people. The current
emperor is Akihito. The emperor family is having problem for the succession plan as all
the latest heirs are female. The Japanese people and the emperor family are in high hope
that a male heir will born to ensure smooth transition of the succession plan.
The instructor also has stressed that the role of emperor in Japan is largely ceremonial. He
also act as a political stabilizer in the country if the government is weak due to the lack of
majority in the parliament. The executive power in Japan is hold by the Prime Minister
who presided the cabinet meeting. When comes to political force, LDP is the strongest
political party in Japan. The Prime Minister of Japan has more power in running the
country. It seems that the political system in Japan is not much different from other
ASEAN countries.
2. Country Presentation
Three countries which have different political systems namely Malaysia, Myanmar and the
Philippines were selected to present the country’s political systems of their countries.
Apart being the seminar coordinator, I was also a presenter for my country. Country
presentations were the platform for all the participants to exchange their ideas in a more
constructive manner.
2.1 Country presentation: Malaysia
The politics of Malaysia take place in the framework of a federal parliamentary monarchy,
whereby the Prime Minister of Malaysia is the head of government. The head of the
country is the Paramount Ruler or Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commonly referred to as the
King of Malaysia. Yang di-Pertuan Agong are selected for five-year terms from among the
nine Sultans of the Malay states. The king is also the leader of the Islamic faith in Malaysia.
Executive power is exercised by the government led by the prime minister. Federal
legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the
Senate (Dewan Negara) and the House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat). Since the
formation of Malaysia in 1963, politics has been dominated by the United Malays National
Organisation (UMNO), the lead component of the Barisan Nasional (National Front)
coalition. Executive power is vested in the cabinet led by the prime minister. The
Malaysian constitution stipulates that the prime minister must be a member of the lower
house of parliament and, in the opinion of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commands a
majority in parliament. The cabinet is chosen from among members of both houses of
Parliament and is responsible to that body. Parliamentary elections are held at least once
every five years, with the last general election having been in March 2008. Since
independence in 1957, Malaysia has been governed by a multi-racial coalition known as
the Barisan Nasional (formerly the Alliance).
The bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (Dewan Negara) and the House of
Representatives (Dewan Rakyat). All seventy Senate members sit for three-year terms (for
a maximum of two terms); twenty-six are elected by the thirteen state assemblies, and
17
forty-four are appointed by the king, based on the advice of the Prime Minister. The 222
members of the Dewan Rakyat are elected from single-member districts by universal adult
suffrage. Parliament has a maximum mandate of five years by law. The king may dissolve
parliament at any time and usually does so upon the advice of the Prime Minister. General
elections must be held within three months of the dissolution of parliament. In practice this
has meant that elections have been held every three to five years at the discretion of the
Prime Minister. Legislative power is divided between federal and state legislatures.
2.2 Country presentation: Myanmar
The current politics of Myanmar take place in the framework of an authoritarian dictatorial
regime which is controlled by the military in the form of the State Peace and Development
Council (SPDC). Myanmar was ruled by various dynasties until the 19th Century:
(1044~1885). The British conquered Myanmar in 1885. It regained independence in 1946.
The changes in the administrative system of Myanmar can be seen as follows:
City-states
- before 1044
Kingdom
- 1044~1885
Colony
- 1885~1948
Democratic
- 1948
Coup
- 1948~1952 (to prevent the declaration of independent states by
Shan and others)
Democracy
- 1952~1962
Coup
- 1962~1974 (the country was attacked by
Communist rebels)
Socialist
Coup
- 1974~1988
- 1988~present
Currently, Myanmar has the following political structure imposed by the military
government:
President
Elected members
Of People parliament
Elected members
Of National
parliament
18
According to the constitutional principles:
military officials are entitled to appoint 25 percents of the seats in the two
parliaments, 110 seats of the 440 seats People Parliament and 56 seats of the 224
seats National Parliament
Three vice presidents are elected comprised of representatives from three groups.
One is formed with elected members of the People Parliaments
Another with the elected members of the national parliament
Third with elected military officials
Secondly, the president is chosen from the elected vice presidents.
2.3 Country presentation: The Philippines
The Philippines political system is organized under the framework of a presidential,
representative, and democratic republic, wherein the president is also the head of state
within a multiparty system. The system is built on 3 branches: the legislative (2 chambers:
Senate and House of Representatives), the executive (Office of the President),and the
judiciary (Supreme Court). The political system and bureaucracy of the Philippines was
largely patterned after that of the United States in the early 20th century.
The Philippines political system is made up of parties of the elite, or the upper-class
families of society. A network of wealthy families with Filipino-Spanish and FilipinoChinese ancestry from the national to the barangay level control resources and power. The
system is characterized by shifting political alliances and absence of ideological or
program differences. Historically, the features of the system can be traced back to
economic underdevelopment, with agricultural production for export controlled by local
elites. The President & VP are elected for 6-year terms with no reelection. 200+ lower
house representatives are elected for 3 year terms, inclusive of various sectoral
representatives who are elected. 12 out of 24 upper house (Senate) representatives are
elected every 3 years. Each hold 6-year terms. Representatives are limited to 3 terms,
19
senators to 2 terms. Local positions (governor, mayor, barangay captain, etc.) are elected
every 3 years, with a maximum 3-term limit. Presidential and barangay elections are
synchronized, while the legislative and other’ elections LGU officials are synchronized
3. Conclusion
The seminar “Political System” seminar gave the participants more informative input and
insights about the ASEAN political climate and also about Japan.
Basically all the ASEAN countries have their own way to implement their political system.
In Malaysia and Thailand, the head of state is the King while the head of the government is
the Prime Minster. In contrast, Philippine and Indonesia are republic countries and all
power are vested on the President. These countries don’t have Prime Minister. Also, unlike
other ASEAN countries, the politics in Philippine are dominated by few elite families.
Myanmar case is unique. Myanmar is ruled by a military junta. The good news is that the
military government in Myanmar is planning to hold a referendum that will pave way for
the return of democracy in the country. Country like Singapore has both President and
Prime Minister. President role in Singapore is largely ceremonial while the Prime Minister
has more power. Vietnam is a communist country. Thus, they have more rigid kind of
political system in place with strong emphasis on socialism. Cambodia has similar political
system like Malaysia but the King in Cambodia has more power to influence the
government.
From the country presentations and followed by the discussions, it can be concluded that
each ASEAN country is unique in the sense that the countries have different approaches in
implementing their political systems. It is important for us to appreciate the diversity of the
political systems among the ASEAN countries in order to better understand how they coexist together in building a stronger ASEAN which is more open and geared towards
democratic societies. The political system in ASEAN countries are closely linked with two
other main components namely economy and society. Thus, changes in any of these
components will effect the country’s political establishment.
20
Seminar: Entreprise Strategies
Mr. Mitsuyoshi HARADA
And Ms.Tomoko YONEYA
April 23rd,2008
Khem David
Cambodia
Overview
Family Mart Co, Ltd has been established in the Sep 1, 1981 with only one branch and
with the aggressive growth, in Feb 2008 Family Mart has reached to 13,875 branches
worldwide with the total employees of 2,850. In Feb 2008, the capital is around 16,658
millions Yen and Net sales of total FamilyMart stores is 1,121,838 millions yen.
FamilyMart’s nature of business mainly operating a chain of convenient store and also
franchising under the “ Familymart” franchising system.
And currently FamilyMart operating in Japan as the franchiser by using three different
names1. Okinawa FamilyMart Co., Ltd.,
2. Minami Kyushu FamilyMart Co., Ltd.,
3. Hokkaido FamilyMart Co., Ltd.
And also using 6 different names as the franchisers in abroad1. Taiwan FamilyMart Co., Ltd.(Taiwan)
2. BOKWANG FAMILYMART CO., LTD.(South Korea)
3. Siam FamilyMart Co., Ltd.(Thailand)
4. Shanghai FamilyMart Co., Ltd.(China)
5. FAMIMA CORPORATION(United States)
6. Guangzhou FamilyMart Co., Ltd.(China)
7. Suzhou FamilyMart Co., Ltd.(China)
The seminar was conducted by Mr. Mitsuyoshi Harada, general manager, overseas
business department, area franchising division and assisted by Ms.Tomoko Yoneya. The
coaching style is aiming to make all the participants remembered by involving, so the class
started with our own countries’ presentations on the snacks that we brought from our
country by focusing on explanation about what the item is ,how much does it cost, and also
why this item became popular among the public. Not just only presenting on the snack,
some participant also shared the information about the modern trade business in there own
country- like the movement of supermarket, hypermarket, convenient store so on and so
21
forth. And the exchange of this information is very valuable to all of us to understand the
current situation of the market of each country.
Mr. Harada has started the presentation by explaining us
about the basic knowledge about the convenient store
business like definition of convenient store , and franchise
system of FamilyMart. For further understanding about
FamilyMart franchise system he mentioned that there are two
kinds of franchise depend on the type and profile of the
franchisees. One is if the prospective franchisee has already
had the land and the building, will be in the 1FC group, and
most of this franchisee come the mom and pop business that mainly operating by only two
or three persons and want to modernize the business with the proper management system.
Another one if the franchisee comes from the profile of salary men that want to change
their nature of job from working to be self employed by running the convenient store
business, will be in the 2 FC group. This second franchisee does not have land either the
building to operate this convenient store business, and in this case land and building to run
the business will be provided by the company. But these two franchise systems, the
franchisees will earn different amount due different amount that they got to back to the
company. Please kindly note that in Japan 70% contributed by 1FC and 30% contributed
by 2FC.
He mentioned that the most important thing of the success of FamilyMart is because the
company built the character of managing the store by based on the consumers’ habits,
behaviors and point of views. So a lot of the things like planogram arrangement, items
selection, and store design are based on the behavior of the shoppers and it’s a must that
the company must always provide ease and convenience to shoppers.
To invest in new country, there are many criteria to consider in order to make decision
whether the company should go or not. And among those criteria there are two important
things that are the must for the company to consider- GDP and number of population. As
convenient store normally serve as something that is extra to the people in the sense of
give the ease and also convenience, so; normally people do not really need it as a must. In
this case, the income of people will be considered to be the starting point of this business.
To operate in a specific area, the GDP is at least reaches to $3,000/year plus the density of
population at least around 10 million in 200 Km2 by incorporating the city (most crowded
area) to be the center.
Comparing with previous system of operation, the suppliers had to deliver the products to
all outlets, now distribution centers (DCs) have been built in order to make the delivery
system from suppliers to be faster and more efficient especially focus on the food items
like Bento to be always be fresh for the shoppers. And currently in Japan there are 46 DCs
for non food items and 26 DCs for daily food product. Mainly each truck has 3 rounds to
deliver the products to the outlets, and in average each truck has to carry enough products
to fulfill the daily PO (Purchasing Order) of 10 stores. Compare to the previous system
that each supplier have to deliver to the retail outlets, and with this new model will reduce
the cost of deliver because each truck from the company can deliver from DC which is
22
faster and also cheaper. But the cost of DCs operation and deliver, the company will
charge to the supplier.
Mr. Harada also explained that in the system of FamilyMart, there 6 important aspects that
the company must have a very close look- development, operation, merchandizing, logistic,
finance and corporate planning. And today’s seminar agenda in the afternoon, we spent
most of the time to answer the group quizzes that involved in the development that we
have to focus on how to choose the location to open new successful outlet, and also
explained the reasons behind like the traffic flow, view of the shop, the convenience to
enter and exit from the stores. 3 groups with 6 members in each group were divided up to
answer the very comprehensive questions. And the group that could reach up the goal first
is the winner of the day.
23
Seminar: Diplomatic Policy
Prof. Satoshi Morimoto
April 24, 2008
Altis Anecita Trasmonte
Philippines
He entered the seminar room with purposeful strides and pronounced confidence. His
steps were measured, his gaze intent. His eyes mirrored great intellect and passion. His
presence simply arrested everyone. The 43rd IATSS participants finally came face-to-face
with a man so important to the Japanese - Prof. Satoshi Morimoto, an expert in
diplomatic policy and security issues.
Having tremendous experience in security studies under Japan’s Ministry of Foreign
Affairs and Japan’s Air Self- Defense Forces before shifting paradigms and becoming a
professor at Takushoku University, Prof. Morimoto tackled the topic with ease. Devoid
of lecture notes, he amazed the participants with facts and figures such as important
events in world history and current maneuverings of major world powers in the military,
political and economic realms. He sketched important geographical boundaries as if he
knew them like the back of his hands.
Prof. Morimoto first gave the participants substantial information on the three major
nations in the world: the United States of America, Russia and China. Regarding the first,
he delved on the importance of the upcoming U.S. Presidential Election come November
4, 2008, and gave background information on presidential wannabes like Hillary Clinton,
Barack Obama and John McCain. He emphasized the importance of the winning
candidate’s party since it would surely affect the international scene. Democrats are
known to focus more on internal affairs like ensuring a strong economy, while the
Republicans go more for external matters like intervening in regional security issues
outside American territory. One example of the latter is the current president, George W.
Bush, whose administration has been criticized not only by the American people but also
by other countries for the USA’s occupation of Afghanistan, Iraq and other territories.
The next administration may either maintain or strengthen the American presence in
other parts of the world, or withdraw from such places.
From the Philippine’s standpoint, I believe Philippines-United States relations will
remain strong regardless of the outcome of the U.S. elections. The Philippine
government recently declared that mutual interest dictates that the Philippines and the
United States maintain a strong relationship. The US has consistently supported many
24
Philippine initiatives, be it in economic or security issues. The government also doused
cold water on speculations that the anti-terrorism campaign waged jointly by the US and
the Philippines would be diminished if the Democrats wrest control of the US Senate and
House of Representatives from the Republicans, saying "the fight against international
terrorism must be pursued relentlessly because terrorism is a menace to mankind.”
As regards the second superpower, Russia, Prof. Morimoto first pointed out its good
economic standing, being the world's leading natural gas exporter and the second leading
oil exporter. Russia’s youngest leader, Vladimir Putin, has continued to instill a very
strong sense of nationalism among the Russians and has remained focused in his aim of
Russia regaining its position in the power struggle of nations. Russia is a force to reckon
with when it comes to security issues, especially in Europe.
The third major power, China, is the largest country in East Asia and the most populous
country in the world with around 1.4 billion people. Because of its vast population,
rapidly growing economy, and large research and development investments, China has
been called an "emerging superpower." China, however, is now faced with a number of
economic problems, an aging population, an increasing rural-urban income gap, and
rapid environmental degradation. Also, China has been having internal unsolved
conflicts, like its long-running dispute over the political status of the so-called renegade
province, Taiwan. Another conflict is with Tibet. The March 10, 1959 the Tibetan
uprising against the presence of the People's Republic of China in the country was the
most significant event. Unfortunately, that uprising failed and resulted in a violent
crackdown on Tibetan independence movements, and the flight of the Dalai Lama,
Tenzin Gyatso, into exile. The Dalai Lama has been very active abroad in seeking help
from other countries to solve the issue, especially on human rights violations. In line
with this conflict, China worries that the issue might be politicized during the 2008
Olympics hosted by Beijing.
In the Asia Pacific Region, although China’s direction appears to be unclear at the
moment, what concerns the US and its allies like Japan, is the seemingly rising naval
invasion of China (e.g. Spratly issues). In response to this, the U.S. has been using the
“Hedging Approach” to counter China’s aggressive moves. One example of this
approach is the Defense Transformation and Realignment (DTR) by the American
government. This involves the realignment of the more than 400,000 US troops overseas
in response to China’s moves. Moreover, US is venturing into a multi-billion dollar
rehabilitation project of its Guam base, a key DTR in the next 20 years, adding
sophisticated equipment like 4th or 5th generation F-22, fighter aircraft that use stealth
technology.
In view of what has been happening in the region, Prof. Morimoto made clear Japan’s
position. Japan’s role is to encourage the presence of US forces in Asia as it is the best
stabilizing factor in the region. Japan, therefore, constantly thinks of ways on how to
make the US forces stay and not withdraw from the region. Otherwise, there will surely
be an arms race among the countries who would like to either ensure their safety or
compete for supremacy.
25
Regarding Philippine-China relation, the most controversial issue concerns the disputed
Spratly islands located in the Southeastern Asia in the South China Sea, about two-thirds
of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines. Consisting of more than
100 small islands or reefs, the area is surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially,
by gas and oil deposits. For quite some time now, the islands are claimed in entirety by
the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and Vietnam, while
portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by
relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines,
Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef
but has not made any formal claim.
After the discovery of the Chinese presence on Mischief Reef in early 1995, PhilippineChina relations were at their worst. The Philippines government responded with a very
strong reaction to what was seen as China’s provocative act of occupying the disputed
area very close to the Philippines territory and considered to be within the Philippine
exclusive economic zone (EEZ).
In the Philippines, the Mischief Reef controversy underscored the inability of the
Philippine Navy and Coast Guard to patrol the country’s long coastline including its
extensive EEZ. Some worried politicians even called for the strengthening of the
Philippines' Mutual Defense Treaty with the United States as a means to arrest China’s
aggressive moves. And so, the Balikatan or the RP-US Military Exercises have become
an annual event in recent years, aimed at improving RP-US combined planning, combat
readiness, and interoperability while enhancing security relations and demonstrating US
resolve to support the Republic of the Philippines against external aggression.
In terms of public opinion in the Philippines, the dispute created a negative image of
China that thwarted support for pursuing long-term friendly ties with Beijing. Statements
about the dispute have been widely reported and commented on in the Philippines mass
media.
Despite weakened diplomatic ties after 1995, high-level exchange visits and dialogues
between the Philippines and China have happened. This only shows mutual recognition
on the part of both parties as to the importance of understanding and maintaining an open
attitude for dialogue to improve the relationship. According to Malacañan, many of the
initiatives involving high-level exchanges - particularly between military establishments
- originated from the Chinese side. Such a move was deemed by the Filipinos as a means
to downplay suspicion of hostile intent on the part of China.
In terms of economic relations, Philippines trading even registered a steep rise starting in
1995, mainly due to an increase of Philippines imports from China. Economic, cultural,
scientific and technical cooperation has also continued. The Joint Marine Seismic
Undertaking in the South China Sea between the Philippines and China, which was
signed during Philippine President Arroyo's visit to China in 2004, is a good example of
this. The agreement provides a framework for conducting cooperative research in certain
areas in the South China Sea. Vietnam also became a party of the joint mechanism later
on.
26
In just a lecture, Prof. Morimoto succeeded in awakening in me the need to see a larger
picture beyond my comfortable niche. For quite some time, I felt a sense of
accomplishment and security in the academe. I had peace in me believing that I belonged
to one of the safest places in the world - the classroom. All I needed was to be good in
my subject (English Communication Arts), like mastering the rules of grammar,
exposing myself to literary masterpieces and the like, and to facilitate learning for my
students. I didn’t have to worry about things like national security issues since specific
government agencies could very well take care of those.
But as the cliché goes, knowledge is power. Like the other participants, I somehow
gained understanding as to my own country’s place in the scheme of Asian and world
affairs. The Philippines may seem like a small, insignificant country, but the fact remains
that it is one of the countries in a chain of communities called ASEAN, and it is
strategically positioned in South East Asia. If my country and other ASEAN countries do
not think independently from one another, but work together to achieve the common
good, we can be a strong force to be reckoned with, even in terms of serious issues like
national and regional security.
I believe the good professor empowered us with brilliant ideas. We are going back to our
respective countries more aware of important matters like security issues not only within
but also beyond our borders, which, in one way or another, have affected us or will affect
us in the near future. We need to be prudent, however. We should not allow ourselves to
be tricked into adhering to one school of thought. Searching and researching for the best
ideas is key. Listening to Prof. Morimoto was one such way. But the story does not end
there. We ought to work some more for a better understanding, listen and read some
more, so as not to be fooled by what is directly seen. Things of utmost value are not so
easy to find.
27
International Cooperation
Prof. Dr. Tsutomu Mizota
29 April 2008
Nguyen Thanh Tung
Vietnam
International Cooperation and ODA:
Previously, I thought that International Cooperation was something great like diplomatic
ties between one country and another or international institutions. Today, after attending
the seminar provided by Prof. Dr. Tsutomu Mizota, I learned that International
Cooperation are activities that help people in developing countries improve their lifestyles
and develop not only their economic independence, but also an independent mind. So,
through what I have learned, I know that International Cooperation comes in a variety of
activities: it includes such globally developed activities as rural/community development,
capacity building disaster mitigation, environmental protection/nature conservation, food
security, clothing, shelter, educational support, healthcare landmines/UXO clearance, and
settlement social issues…. Also, International Cooperation has a lot of different
approaches and means, such as ODA, technical support/assistance, and even through nongovernmental organization (NGO) channels, person to person relations and so on.
So, there is a new term: ODA. What is ODA actually? Like other participants, I was not
quite knowledgeable in this field. Thanks to our professor, we learned something new:
ODA stands for Official Development Assistance and its history began in the mid-1940s.
Simply stated, it is official financing or other forms of assistance, given by governments to
developing countries to promote and implement development. In Japan, ODA can be
divided into two major categories: Multilateral and Bilateral Assistance. Multilateral
assistance can be channeled through multilateral development banks and UN agencies.
Bilateral assistance is given directly government-to-government. On the other hand, ODA
is basically aid from the governments of wealthy nations, but doesn’t include private
contributions or private capital flow and investment. The main objective of ODA is to
promote development; therefore it is a kind of prioritized measure that governments take
on.
Japan is the world’s second largest provider of ODA, after the US, in terms of the annual
financial amount, accounting for 20% of the total ODA flow around the world. The
Japanese government provides funds for multilateral development banks (MDBs) or UN
agencies, and these in turn finance projects in recipient countries. Of Japan's gross ODA
28
for the 2000 fiscal year, 28.2% was for multilateral assistance. Japan is a major contributor
to both the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank, and is therefore influential in
determining policies at these banks. A relatively large proportion of Japanese ODA is in
the form of loans. Of the net ODA budget for fiscal year 2000, 51.4% was in the form of
loans. Compared with other donor countries, this is a large percentage. The reason given
by the Japanese government for the emphasis on loans is that it encourages self-reliance
and prevents dependency on grant aid. Bilateral grants by Japan can be divided largely into
two categories of grant aid and technical assistance. Policy regarding bilateral grants is
largely determined by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) and implemented by the
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Grant Aid, unlike loans, does not need to
be returned to the Japanese government. There are various types of grant aid, including
project and non-project aid, grant aid for increased food production, debt relief grants, and
grassroots grant assistance. Grants are usually smaller than loans. Technical assistance
involves providing equipment or services for a project, rather than funds. This could
include sending Japanese experts to the recipient country, or bringing people from the
recipient country to Japan for training programs. Development surveys are also included in
technical assistance.
There are some problems related to ODA that I learned after this lecture. In 1970, the
richest countries in the world agreed to provide 0.7 percent of their gross national income
(GNI) for development assistance, but when I looked at the Table of Net ODA through the
years, there were only five of them that have met this target, i.e. Norway, Denmark,
Sweden, the Netherlands and Luxemburg. Even though these targets and agendas have
been set, year after year almost all rich nations have constantly failed to reach their agreed
obligations of the 0.7% target. Instead of 0.7%, the amount of aid has been around 0.2% to
0.4%, US$100 billion short. So, it clearly shows that there is a wide gap between
commitment and the reality of aid. In year 2000, alone recipient countries lost about
$116 billion because donors failed the ODA target of 0.7 percent of their Gross National
Income (GNI).
Moreover, the quality of the aid has been poor. Development assistance is often of a
dubious quality. In many cases, aid/assistance is primarily designed to serve the strategic
and economic interests of the donor countries.
Elsewhere, it is designed to benefit powerful domestic interest groups. The aid systems
based on the interests of donors instead of the needs of recipients make development
assistance ineffective.
Also, little aid reaches countries that most desperately need it and it is wasted on
overpriced goods and services from donor countries. From my own point of view, there
should be a change in policy related to ODA to developed countries.
Also, International NGOs should highlight the problems of ODA and should make inroads
in policy recommendations in their countries of origin and other donor countries.
Donor governments have to seriously re-examine their policies, especially those related to
ODA. Also, donor countries need to further sharpen their focus on providing aid to betterperforming poor countries. For their part, recipient countries should expedite efforts to
enhance their capacity to make effective use of incremental aid flow.
29
Group Discussion:
The group discussion topic was about project proposal preparations, in which 3 groups
needed to discuss and present the theme. We had to decide on which types of projects are
funded through Bilateral ODA schemes by the Japanese Government, in connection with
human security. The following is the results which were prepared by the 3 groups:
A. Group Discussion Report: Group A
Group members: Su, Nantha, Sakura, Net, To, Annie
“Literacy for All” - Reinforcing Laos primary education to attain literacy for all.
In the view of group A, the difficulties faced by the Laos education system are the result of
corruption among government officials, lack of government funding and budgeting issues
in giving priority to the education system as a whole. The demographic structure and the
physical geography of the country are exogenous factors that combine to make the
provisions of education costly and a complex process. This makes implementation of
education policies, projects and programs difficult. Poor distribution systems and
budgetary constraints limit with the availability of printing materials of availability
throughout the country. Although literacy has increased progressively, it has been difficult
to maintain especially in rural areas where there is limited reading material.
Low salaries, plus a lack of teaching resources is driving many good teachers out of the
profession. The group members wanted to highlight that with funding from Official
Development Assistance (ODA), Japan being the primary bilateral donor would support
human development by bringing Japan expertise and funding to help develop an awareness
of issues facing Lao educators, and hopefully that ways of providing needed support will
evolve.
Modality of Collaboration:
Type: Technical Assistance
1. Teacher training and
retraining
2.
3.
Type of Consultant / Details
Peer learning and
incorporate new teaching
methods
Training ground
Feasibility
1. increase literacy in the
community
2. to reduce
unemployment
3. produce better
teachers
School management
training
Allowance for teachers
To support their lives
Technical Assistance proposals for ODA are as follows:
1. The training should include technical subjects along with new and nontraditional methodologies, such as student participation, peer learning and
community involvement.
2. Provincial education should help to identify unqualified grade school teachers
and provide them with two years of training, mostly while on the job.
3. Should provide reading materials, text books and stationery to motivate students
Terms of funding: Loans for 10 years
The training network and expertise being developed by the project would require a 10 year
time span allowing the project to continue once local capacity is achieved. Collaboration of
funds through grant aid and technical assistance would be required.
30
B. Group Discussion Report: Group B
Group members: Cho, Thong, Aey, Leslie, Maria, Tung.
“Enhance food and education” in 3 Northern Mountainous provinces of Laos
Objectives: - Enhance food safety through a “food for work” program and school food
program in 3 Northern provinces of Laos;
- Achive essential standard of health, education and hygiene assistance in
schools;
- Promote awareness of local people to create independence.
This project would aim to improve food and strengthening the livelihoods of rural,
primarily ethnic communities who face serious food shortages due to the transition from
shifting cultivation to more sustainable agricultural practices or from opium production to
an alternative means of livelihood. In exchange for food, households would build
productive assets including access roads, paddies, irrigation systems, plantations,
fishponds and terraces on sloping agricultural land.
The project would emphasize a participatory approach so that the communities which work
on the schemes and benefit from them have a key role in selecting the types of assets to be
created. Women’s priorities should to be equally considered to ensure that they benefit
from the assets created. The project should also seek to develop a food-for-training
component, particularly targeting women and adolescent girls. Projects should be
implemented in partnership between Laotian authorities, NGOs, local communities and
funded by the Japanese government.
Activies:
1. Assest Building: build productive assets including access roads, paddies, irrigation
systems, plantations, fishponds and terraces on sloping agricultural land – Project activities
should fulfill the immediate food needs of villages that have lost their crops as a result of
floods, drought or other natural disasters through food-for-activity (relief food) as well as
meeting the longer-term needs of chronically food-insecure villages by implementing
food-for-work activities to create or rehabilitate assets such as paddies, roads, bridges and
fishponds.
2. Food for training: Transfer Knowledge among people/farmers – Replication.
3. School Feeding: Improve access to primary school education in remote areas of Laos:
- Provide a daily fortified snack to primary school children in remote, food-insecure
districts with poor educational indicators;
- Free lunches would be designed to alleviate short-term hunger and encourage school
attendance.
Project Contents:
+ Modality: Grant and Technical Assistance
+ Duration: 3 years
+ Beneficiaries: 16,000 households (100,000 people) in 3 northern remote provinces
+ Budget: US$4.8 million
31
C. Group Discussion Report: Group C
Group members: Jed, Tai, Huyen, James, Meng, Yayuk
“Happier ASEAN Project”
Theme: Harmony in Singapore
At present, the number of suicide cases is now increasing in some developed countries like
Japan, the United States or the European Union, etc. Some of the dominant economic
factors that have contributed to the current suicide crisis include large-scale bankruptcies,
increased unemployment, a sluggish business climate, accumulated debts, lower incomes,
inadequate bankruptcy laws, and so on. Some cultural factors also exacerbate the problem,
such as lack of religious prohibition against suicide, reluctance to discuss mental health
and stress-related problems, the breakdown of family and social networks and increasing
isolation of individuals contribute to the problem.
This phenomenon will happen soon in some of the biggest cities in ASEAN. People in
these large cities get stressed and depressed easier. So the reason why Singapore was
chosen to be the place of a Happier ASEAN project is because as one of the wealthiest
countries in ASEAN, Singapore has shown a slow birth rate and an aging society which
Japan and some other countries also have. In Singapore, the total fertility rate was only
1.26 children per woman in 2006, the 3rd lowest in the world and well below the 2.10
needed to replace the population. As a small island nation and smallest country in South
East Asia, Singapore which has 704.0 km² with a population of 4.68 million would be the
most appropriate place to start the program.
Modality of Collaboration:
Type :
Technical Assistance
1. Build Places to relieve
stress (mental/physical)
2. More Land for temples, or
religious places,
gardening
3. Societal marketing (media
campaign)
Type of Consultant / Details
Feasibility
Japanese engineers
4. Easy to monitor in
small areas with small
populations.
5. Increase the birth rate
(happier family)
6. No. of local people
using spiritual places
daily
Japanese consultants, Laos,
Cambodia and Indonesia for
earth/soil.
“Gross happiness” from
Bhutan, Philippines
There are at least three Types of technical Assistance proposed for ODA, which are:
1. Build Places to relieve stress (mental/physical). A Japanese engineer is proposed as
the consultant because of Japanese engineers’ experience.
2. More Land for temples, or religious places, gardening. A Japanese Engineer would be
proposed to be the consultant and developing the cooperation with Laos, Cambodia
and Indonesia would provide the earth /soil.
3. Societal marketing (media campaign). It is propose to have consultant from Bhutan
and the Philippine. Bhutan is well known with their Gross National Happiness
(GNH). The four pillars of GNH are the promotion of equitable and sustainable socioeconomic development, preservation and promotion of cultural values, conservation
of the natural environment, and establishment of good governance.
32
Since Singapore is a small country with a small population, the feasibility of this project
would be shown with the following result:
Increase in the birth rate (happier family).
No of local people using spiritual places daily.
The details to sustain the program:
Limit Working Hours.
Encourage Hobbies.
Produce “Happiness Consultants” for other developed countries.
Term of funding: Loans, 10-15 years with 5% interest.
The Singapore government would be requested to return the loan in 10-15 years with 5%
interest. The high interest is intended to be useful for donations in developing countries.
33
Seminar: Japanese Culture
Dr. Alexander BENNETT
2nd May, 2008
Tey Len Huat Leslie
Singapore
1. Introduction
The topic of this seminar was Japanese Culture, with a specific focus on Japanese Budo:
The Martial Ways of Japan.
We were honored to have Dr. Alexander Bennett, an Assistant Professor, who presented an
overview on the history of martial arts in Japan as well as the philosophical and spiritual
aspects of Budo (武道). Dr. Bennett also conducted a hands-on session to give us a better
appreciation on the finer points of Japanese swordsmanship and etiquette.
2. History of Japanese Martial Arts
Dr. Bennett considers Budo to be Japan’s most successful cultural export. He explains that
wherever you go in the world, even in the most remote town of the farthest countries, there
is a high probability that you can find a Dojo (道場) in that community. And in that Dojo
you will find local people barefooted, dressed in dogi (道着 ), obeying commands in
Japanese, and bowing the Japanese way. There may even be a picture of a Japanese master
from the past occupying a prominent part in that dojo.
To Dr. Bennett, Budo represents a sort of religion. Interestingly, Budo does not conflict
with religion per se, but serves as a supplement of sorts. He recalled that sometime back
when he had visited Iran to research the popularity of Japanese martial arts, some 90% of
his respondents answered that Budo did not come into conflict with Islam. In fact, many of
his respondents claimed that Budo helped them become better Muslims. Dr. Bennett
believes this to be true for practitioners of different religions such as Christianity and
Judaism.
Dr. Bennett went on to say that three distinct schools of swordsmanship started sometime
in the 14th century. They are:
34
a. The Tenshinsho-den Katori Shinto-ryo, founded by Iizasa Yamashiro-no-kami-Ienao
(1387-1488?), who set up the first known school to have developed Kenjutsu and who was
the originator of the Kashima Shinto style of swordsmanship.
b. The Nen-ryu, founded by Jion (1351 - ?), a renowned monk during the Sengoku period
(15th century). The Nen-ryu fighting style was famous for the simple saying "Strike with
the left arm extended".
c. The Kage-ryu, founded by Aisu Ikosai Hisatada (1452-1538), who came from the
prominent Aisu warrior family.
Dr. Bennett added that these flourishing martial arts schools were composite school that
taught the use of various weapons as well as unarmed combat. However, central to the
martial arts had always been the Japanese sword (a single edged curve blade), which held
much symbolic significance among the Budo warriors. Thereafter, Kendo (剣道), or “The
Way of the Sword,” developed from traditional techniques of Japanese swordsmanship.
3. Maintaining Relevancy – The Japanese Martial Arts
After the chaotic Warring states period, Japan experience a relatively peaceful period
during the Tokugawa period (1600-1868). Society became stratified with the warrior class,
constituting 5-6% at the top of society. However, these professional warriors or Bushi (武
士) had no battles to fight or ways to justify their existence during times of peace.
The warriors then sought to refine themselves by studying the classics and the martial arts.
They aspired to serve as living examples of dedication to duty. Martial arts schools became
a form of pseudo-religious training, where one could seek enlightenment through martial
arts. Instead of killing of opponents, martial arts students sought to kill their egos. And that,
in Dr. Bennett’s opinion was how the martial arts in Japan became ‘Civilized’
This peace time struggle for relevance led to Intellectualization, Spiritualization,
Pacification (the use techniques to create strong individuals and thus deter aggression),
Commercialization, Proliferation and Specialization, and the Sportification of the Budo.
Sadly, a plethora of new specialist martial arts school was also a result. With the addition
of commercialization to intellectualization came flowerization of the martial arts, and
martial arts began to look like acrobatics. Many critics questioned then if these so called
martial arts could “Walk the walk?”
In order to make the art more practical, practitioners developed bamboo swords, called the
Shinai, and protective armour, called the Bogu, for full contact training. The result was that
warriors could then engage in real combat without hurting themselves and importantly
know if their techniques indeed worked.
Skipping forward to the 19th Century, with the coming of Commodore Perry and the
“Black Ships,” martial arts experienced a demise and revival in Japanese society.
35
Compared to Western firearms and cannons, martial arts seemed outdated and as a result,
schools teaching the martial arts died out.
Next came Sakakibara Kenkichi (1830-1894), who rekindled the spirit of Budo and the
martial arts among the Japanese people by initiating public exhibitions of swordsmanship.
Although martial Arts became a sort of circus its after effects were positive.
The martial arts became part of police training and nationalism where the noble
warrior tradition was shared by all people of the newly formed modern nation of
Japan. Throughout the militaristic 1930s and 40s, greater emphasis was placed on martial
arts and it became more combat oriented than ever.
After the Second World War, all forms of martial arts were suspended because they were
seen as a tool for nationalism and militarism by the Allied Occupational Forces. However,
martial arts was reinstated in the 1950s and reintroduced back into the school curriculum.
The turning point came in 1964, when Judo became an official Olympic sport. Martial arts
had become reincarnated as a modern sport, disconnected from its militaristic past.
Since then, there has been a gradual revival. In fact, the Japanese Education Ministry had
made announcements for martial arts to be made compulsory in all junior high schools
from 2012. The revised 2007 concept of Kendo states that Kendo involves the cultivation
of one’s mind, the unification of mind, spirit, and techniques utilizing the Shinai, where the
Shinai is directed not only at one’s opponent but oneself.
4. Equipment and Scoring in Kendo
The equipment used for Kendo practice are the bamboo sword (Shinai) and a set of
protective armor (Bogu). The bamboo sword is made of four carefully prepared staves or
pieces of bamboo that are fitted and held together at both ends by a leather handle, tip, and
special string designed to designate the back of the sword.
Shinai - Practice weapon used in Kendo as if it were a sword
The protective equipment consists of four different parts: Men, Do, Tare, and a pair of
Kote. Men is the helmet which protects the face, throat, top and sides of the head. Do is
similar to a breastplate and covers the chest and stomach. Tare is the waist protector.
Finally, Kote are like gauntlets and protect the hands and wrists.
36
In Kendo, there are four general areas to attack. These are strokes to the head (Men), the
wrist (Kote), abdomen (Dou), and a thrust to the throat (Tsuki).
In order to be considered successful, the attack must be a coordination of the spirit, proper
usage of the sword, and correct movement of the body so that it is a clear and proper stroke,
as if it were made with a real sword.
An official Kendo match is a three-point match and has a five-minute time limit. The
player who scores two points first is the winner. If neither player scores two points before
the end of regulation time, the one in the lead at that point is declared the winner.
Zanshin (残心) is a term used in Japanese martial arts and it refers to continual state of
mental and physical awareness and alertness, even after successfully striking one’s
opponent. The literal translation is remaining heart.
Dr. Bennett then concluded that Budo entailed discipline, hard physical training, pushing
of physical and mental limits, respect for the training environment, respect for training
partners, opponents and seniors, emphasis on etiquette and confidence even in the face of
adversity, Zanshin (never taking anything for granted), and Budo as a framework of life.
Before coming for the IATSS forum, my understanding of Bushido and Samurais was
formed by Hollywood movies such as The Last Samurai and Tora! Tora! Tora! However,
after Dr. Bennett’s seminar I have learnt that Bushido entails more than that. In fact, I
agree to a large extent that Budo does not conflict with religion, but in fact complements it.
The code of Budo emphasizes much on the philosophical perspectives with which to view
and live life.
5. Three Lessons Learnt
My three main lessons learned after this seminar are as follows:
a. In order to be successful and sometimes simply to survive, one must constantly seek to
maintain relevance through development and reinvention. As evident from the seminar,
Japanese Budo is considered Japan’s most significant contribution to world athletic
heritage because it has undergone continual change to fit the ideals and needs of the era in
question.
b. The qualities of Budo (and to some extent Japan’s successful business strategy) are easy
to describe but difficult to put into practice. As mentioned earlier, Budo entails discipline,
hard physical training, pushing of physical and mental limits, respect for the training
environment, respect for training partners, opponents and seniors, emphasis on etiquette
and confidence even in the face of adversity, and Zanshin. But in order to successfully
understand and implement these ideas, one has to look deeper than the simple meaning of
these words.
c. Perhaps, for me, a good foundation begins first with mastery of oneself. This is in
accordance with the “Civilizing” aspect of the martial arts, where students of Budo learn to
37
deal with their own egos instead of killing their opponents. In the same light, the ability to
relate to and understand others and even the environment requires empathy. And someone
preoccupied with his own needs cannot fully empathize with others nor the environment.
43rd IATSS participants with our sensei Dr. Alexander Bennett
.
.
.
.
.
References
Bennett, Alexander (2004) The Black ships of Kendo-the internationalisation of Kendo and the
Olympic problem. www.kendo-world.com
Carr, Kevin Gray. (1993) Making Way: War, Philosophy and Sport. Japanese Judo Journal of Sports
History, volume 20.
38
Seminar 6: OVOP: One Village One Product Movement
Prof. Fumihiko Adachi
May 5, 2008
Srabua Sasiporn
Thailand
Most ASEAN countries are familiar with the One Village One Product (OVOP)
Movement, which was originally established in Japan in 1979. I was looking forward to
profoundly investigating the OVOP movement in Japan and other ASEAN countries. To
begin with, there were inspiring presentations from Cambodia, Malaysia, and Thailand.
The OVOP project was established based on the same concept, which aimed to increase
the incomes of rural community peoples regarding on aspects of human resource
development. The campaign in Cambodia is also called “One Village One Product
(OVOP),” whereas the project in Malaysia was modified to “One District One Product
(ODOP)” and a unique name was created in Thailand; “One Tambon One Product
(OTOP).” Malaysia primarily established the OVOP movement in 1992, while it was fully
implemented in Thailand in 2002 and recently conducted in Cambodia in 2006. At present,
the OVOP movement in each country is noticeably different.
ODOP in Malaysia
After 16 years, the implementation of ODOP in Malaysia has been strengthened.
The project has also been monitored by a central agency and Implementation Coordination
Unit under the Prime Minister’s Department. Additionally, several ministries have
coordinated with ODOP implementation. For example, the Ministry of Agriculture and
Agro based Industry was responsible for Food Production and the Ministry of Tourism was
responsible for Homestays. Fascinatingly, Homestay was one of the most successful
ODOP activities in Malaysia.
OTOP in Thailand
Not only creating jobs and income in
communities, the Thai government also aimed to promote
Thai wisdom in its OTOP project. Surprisingly, 76,876
products have been registered as OTOP products,
including foods and beverages, clothes, decorative items,
and spa-related items. To control the quality of products,
the Thai government has applied a 5-star grading system to
the assessment of local specialties. Only 5-star products
can be exported to other countries. Currently, OTOP products are among Thailand’s major
exports. Japan has supported Thailand’s development of OTOP and promoted OTOP
39
products in the Japanese market since the beginning. Currently, the biggest demand has
come from Japan, followed by the United Kingdom, France and Germany.
OVOP in Cambodia
Even though Cambodia has only established the OVOP project for a few years, the
government has conducted OVOP strategies effectively. Cambodian people are mostly
skillful at making products, however, they lack knowledge of marketing. A recent channel
that Cambodia has implemented is the OVOP Night Market. It seems to be successful due
to the number of customer visits. On the other hand, the booth rental fee was quite
expensive that made it difficult for sellers to make a profit margin. In addition, proper
training and guidance was necessary for villagers to initiate the OVOP products by
themselves. Therefore, an appropriate approach is being further discussed among
governments.
Suggestions from the country presentations
I learned a lot about the OVOP movement in other countries. In my opinion, there
are some distinctive points in each country. For ODOP in Malaysia, the Homestay product
is most interesting. As mentioned the government had attempted to promote attractive
Homestay tourism; they also encourage all Malaysian people to play a major role in
Malaysia’s tourism. Not only forcusing on policy and maeketing, Malaysia should set up
and maintain human resources development, including hospitality and environmental
protection. For OTOP in Thailand, the 5-star product system is remarkable, however, there
are lots of OTOP products that can not be selected and sold, particularly garments and food
items. Therefore, the Thai government should support the idea “local yet global,” such as
bringing in some designs to develop contemporary silk products. For OVOP in Cambodia,
the OVOP Night Market has distinguished itself; however, the government should support
booth rental fees in order to maintain the satisfaction of sellers and to maintain the
numbers of the booth. Otherwise, there were less customer visits, which could make
OVOP products be less promoted.
From the seminar
Prof.Adachi focused on the importance of community-driven regional
development by looking at the case of the OVOP Movement in Oita Prefecture.
Endogenous development played a major role in the OVOP movement aiming to revitalize
and create sustainability. A number of successful OVOP activities were mostly related to
agriculture, such as chestnuts and ume plums in Oyama and the famous hot spring in
Yufuin. The three “enlightened” principles of the “OVOP” movement are “Local yet
global”, “Self-reliance and creativity”, and “Human resources development.” What mostly
impressed me was the “local yet global” idea. While domestically manufactured Japanese
cars, such as Toyotas, cost about 200 yen per 100 grams, Oita shiitake mushrooms cost
3,000 yen per 100 grams. Prof. Adachi also specified the reason why Thailand’s Tomyam-kung has become one of the world’s three most famous soups. At the end of his
lecture, Prof. Adachi mainly mentioned the 9 factors of success in the OVOP project in
Oita Prefecture, which were: land, labor, capital, technology, marketing, networking, local
government, mass media, natural environment, international exchange and local diplomacy.
40
Group Discussion
After each group was assigned to create a business plan to promote an item to
contribute to community-driven regional development, 3 fascinating plans were proposed
as follows;
Group A: Development of Cambodia Product; Kork Handicraft to
International Market
Kork, a plant made into a variety of handicraft
products such as bags and pencil cases, is produced in
Koh Dach Village in Cambodia. The Business Plan began
by improving product development quality. Also, it was
necessary to make the product more personalized with a
Cambodian characteristic and, then, bring it to tourist
attractions, such as Angkor Wat. Furthermore, it was
proposed to develop a tourist site to visit Kork producers
for first hand experience of the production process. In
conclusion, the key points, such as the use of environmental friendly products to help
product sustainability, would have a feasible impact on the development of potential
OVOP in the plan’s actual implementation.
Group B: Home Stay – in Collaboration with Visiting the Plain of Jars in Laos
The plain of Jars in Xiengkhouang Province,
Lao PDR needs more information to uncover its
facts since it will be nominated as a World
UNESCO Heritage site for 2010. Thus, it is worth to
building up HomeStay tourism to allow tourists to
experience the traditional life style of the villagers
living in the Plain of Jars’ area. The project focuses
on training the villagers in the provision of
hospitality and improving the infrastructure in the
area. Activities for tourists included visiting the sites of jars and participating in villager
activities, such as rice harvesting. Networking with the Cambodian tourism authority
would also be necessary. In order to organize the project, “Visiting Lao Year 2010” could
attract target groups such as Japanese and American tourists.
Group C: Vietnamese hand-made Embroidery
Embroidery is commonly found in Ha Tay
province, the home of silk and embroidery products aimed
at personal use and decoration. The primary targets would
be tourists in Hanoi, since Hanoi, the capital city of
Vietnam, is the nearest city of Ha Tay. We advocated
setting up a local/grass-roots level cooperative in Ha Tay
to coordinate and organize households into a more
concerted effort to promote OVOP products. This local
cooperative would work with the government and NGOs.
Quality Control, such as a 5-star grading system in Thailand, could also be adopted to
promote the better quality of products. Finally, the key factor of success would be the long
established and prestigious tradition of embroidery products.
41
Conclusion
For this seminar, we all thought and learned together. I gained much knowledge
that will be useful and applicable to my country. In particular, regarding my career as a
nursing instructor in the community department, I realized that the key success of
community-driven regional development was “local people.” To make products valuable
and sustainable, the government should let the local people choose their specialty to
revitalize their area, which is the “Self-reliance and Creativity” idea. What the government
could properly help with is provide locals with technical guidance and support in terms of
sales promotion; however, how to utilize people is also a key point. Consequently,
“Human Resources Development” is the most important issue for OVOP success. Similar
to Oita prefecture, women would play a crucial role in regional vitalization in Thailand.
Prof.Adachi also mentioned that the Thai government was enthusiastic about sending the
villagers to study and visit Oita prefecture, while other countries have mostly sent
governors as representatives. Additionally, the government would encourage successful
villagers who succeeded in the OVOP movement to share their successes and failures with
others, called a “self-help group.” Before creating new OVOP products, the project also
needed to be concerned with the “Local yet Global” idea.
In conclusion, this seminar was interesting due to the inspiring lecturer.
Prof.Adachi was so kind and friendly, and completely understood the ASEAN participants
quite well, since he was one of the staff who established the IATSS program. He always
encouraged us “to think and learn together” throughout the seminar. The group discussion
was also remarkable in terms of creating business plans together in order to promote items
to contribute to community-driven regional development. I learned a lot from the ideas of
other ASEAN countries’ in the group discussion. I was pleased to present my gratitude to
Prof.Adachi for his brilliant suggestion and all of the information he shared with us.
42
Seminar: Education ~
Multiple Roles of Education for Skill Development
and National Unity: Lessons from Japanese Experiences~
Associate Prof. Shoko YAMADA
May 9, 2008
Cho Thiri Maung
Myanmar
Introduction
As we all know, education plays an important role in the progress of an individual’s mind
and country; so, it is a must if a nation aspires to achieve growth and development and
more importantly sustain it. According to the Declaration of the world conference on
"Education for all", held in Thailand in 1990, it is universally agreed that everyone should
have access to education, at least at the level of primary school. So, from the viewpoint of
the nation, I think it is also an important that everyone must know the role of education
which can formulate different levels of skills to meet the demands of the labor market and
promote national unity, particularly in multicultural and multiethnic societies.
Our morning session started with presentations from three countries; Myanmar, Singapore
and Thailand. The participants from each country presented the education system of their
respective countries including policy, current status, issues and challenges and future
prospects. After all the presentations, I realized that we need cooperation and partnerships
which will enable us to face the challenges of the current issues together. Moreover, I have
learned that the national education system should be consonant with the political,
economic and social situation of the country. The whole education system should be
flexible, open, and accessible to all learners. From the perspective of lifelong learning, we
should take place through formal and non formal education, which means education is
provided to different age groups using different modes. Thus, adults should be offered
lifelong education too. This process will be undertaken using the strategy of transforming
the work force into a learning force, as a first step, and then converting the whole of
society into a dynamic learning society.
In our education seminar, “Multiple Roles of Education for Skill Development and
National Unity: Lessons from Japanese Experiences” the Prof, Shoko YAMADA
conducted and introduced the multiple roles of education in society. The Professor also
pointed out the words “Education for all” which express education as a human right and
everyone should have education to contribute to national development. Moreover,
achieving the “Education For All” goals is critical for attaining all the Millennium
43
Development Goals—in part through the direct impact of education on child and
reproductive health and environmental sustainability, and by creating a body of experience
in multi-partner collaboration toward the 2015 targets.
During the seminar, we got an overview of the historical development of the education
system in Japan. So, in my mind, the seminar has broadened my knowledge and deepened
my understanding about how to build and develop a nationwide education system.
By learning form Japanese experiences, both the positive and negative aspects, we had a
chance to participate in group discussions in the afternoon section. In our group discussion,
we divided into three groups and discussed how our countries should design and develop
our national education systems, in reference to the issues a given country faces locally and
as a member of the global society.
Education Group A : Tai (Group Leader), Jed, James, Huyen, , Meng and Thong
Group (A) discussed what an ideal Educational System should be in our region. They
firstly gave their basic data on education in their own country, which was both similar and
different in Japan and ASEAN countries. Apparently, primary education is compulsory in
all ASEAN countries, and lower secondary education is compulsory only in Japan and
Thailand.
Country
Similarity
Educational
School feeding
system
Program (Rural)
Different
Educational system
Comprising
Japan
Cambodia
Laos
6:3:3:4
6:3:3:4
((Yes))
Yes
Yes
5:3:3:4
Myanmar
No
4:4:2:4
Philippines
Yes
6:1:4:4
Thailand
6:3:3:4
(Yes)
Vietnam
(Yes)
5:4:3:4
Note: ( ) only in remote area (( )) used to have in the past
Year
started
April
Sept
Sept
June
June
June
Sept
Buddhist
schooling
system
(Alternative)
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
(catholic)
Yes
Yes
According to the discussion, a great system is required to serve Skills demands, quality,
equity and globally-shared ideas. It would build national capacity in human development
and economic growth. However, those must be combined with knowledge of human rights
for self development and happier communities in the country. Moreover, a globallyoriented study is very important in learning from outside to modernize an economy, to
upgrade ways of thinking and to be open-minded about the world. In addition, the system
must include local culture for well-established nationalism to build in its own wisdom and
to know themselves well before learning from others.
44
Group B:
Cho (Group Leader), Annie, Leslie, Maria, Sakura, Kumi and Net
In this discussion, all of the group members decided how their countries should design and
develop their national education systems. At first, they discussed it based on the
similarities and differences of national educational systems, in Japan and ASEAN
countries. According to the discussion, they found the following:
Japan
Similarities
Differences
ASEAN Countries
School year (12)
School year (12)
Primary Health Care
Primary Health Care
Non- formal activities (Art, Non-formal activities (Art,
Sports, etc.,)
Sports, etc.,)
4-5 Modules
Local Language
8 Modules
Multi-lingual
After that, they prioritized the national education system in terms of skills demand or
human rights. Based on the consensus among their group members, they decided to
practice skills demand because in all ASEAN countries, they need skills demands to
contribute to the development of their countries. This is the one thing that is happening in
all developing countries. So, the national education system should be faced on skills
demands, quality and equity. After the discussion, they all agreed that compulsory
education should focus more on academic subjects rather than non-academic activities.
Moreover, they pointed out that education policy put more emphasis on adapting globallyshared ideas because they wanted to focus on “Thinking out of the Box” while they aim to
join the global arena.
Group C :
Nantha (Group Leader), Yayuk, Su, To, Thung, Aey
Group Theme: Balancing the Education Policy
The following topics have been selected for discussion because they addressed the issue of
flexibility (and also balance) of a country’s education policy. The following was made by
the group relative to the above questions:
Question
Group Conclusion
Should education policy
Local culture should be given importance in
put more emphasis on
formulating education policy while globally-shared
adapting globally -shared
ideas could be integrated or modified into a local
ideas or protecting local
education policy in a selected manner using the “think
culture?
globally, act locally” concept. Under this motto also,
whatever is good for the country should be
“preserved” while the outdated local belief/culture
should be avoided when formulating education policy.
The following examples illustrate these points:
Example 1 (Preserve local culture): The issue of
using English for technical subjects. Many countries
are using English to deliver technical subjects to their
45
students. In this regard, Japan has taken an opposite
approach in which Japan has translated all the English
textbooks into Japanese. This is a good example of
how local identity could be preserved by not
compromising on the quality of the knowledge.
Example 2 (Adopt globally-shared ideas): Student
centered learning is one globally-shared idea. Many
countries still adopt “teacher-centered learning.” In
these case, globally shared ideas that are student
centered learning could be adopted by a country in
their education policy because it is proven and
accepted world wide. In this case, globally-shared
ideas could be adopted using an integration approach.
Should compulsory
education focus more on
academic subjects or nonacademic subjects?
Elementary school education should consist more of
the academic subjects (70-90% with balance of theory
and practice) while the non-academic subjects should
cover between 10%-30%. This is because students
should learn basic knowledge especially in the areas
of reading, writing and arithmetic in elementary
schools (This should be the main objective of
elementary school). The school should continuously
monitor student performance in areas of academic
performance and non-academic performance. At the
end of the primary year, the school can give some
advice to the student to guide them in choosing the
appropriate type of secondary school they should
enter.
At the secondary level, both academic schools that
focus on academic and sports should offer a sports
curriculum should be provided in order to give options
to the students to choose the kind of school they want
based on their interests and performance in elementary
school.
Conclusion
Based on the above discussion, flexibility and balance in a country’s education policy is
very important to ensure to best of the world practices, and can be adopted and the same
time to local needs. A country’s education policy should not be too rigid and mechanical.
Education policy makers should use the “think globally, act locally” concept in
formulating their country’s education policy. I think that integration, modification,
adaptation are the implementation techniques that could be used when using this “think
globally, act locally” concept.
46
Seminar: Development and Industrial Promotion
Mr Yoshio Nagamine
May 12 2008
Suraya Binte Ya’akub
Singapore
2. Introduction
Upon receiving my travel kit from Japan, I noticed that my team mate, Leslie and I were
to prepare a presentation of Singapore’s economic development and industrial promotion.
Firstly, we checked the objectives and visions of the Ministry of Trade and Industry,
Economic Development Board (EDB) and International Enterprise (IE) Singapore.
Secondly, we referred to the Singapore Department of Statistics for references and to back
up the information we got. Thirdly, we needed to consolidate and analyze the data for the
latter half of the presentation which asked about Singapore’s weakest and strongest
industries and the reasons for this.
2. Country Presentation
Team Singapore presented Singapore’s development and industrial promotion practices
from our points of view.
During the Question and Answer session, Maria from Indonesia asked about industrial
promotion for local companies and medical expertise is acquired in the growing healthcare
sector. Annie from the Philippines asked about the social consequences of the Singapore
Government’s open door policies to foreign investment and talent coming to Singapore.
The challenge was to answer them as correctly as we could from our points of view with
limited data. In my opinion, we did well.
From the presentations of the other countries, I learn that geography, history and
diplomatic relations are necessary elements of every country’s economic development. For
example, Indonesia, a country rich with natural resources, was unable to implement its
economic reforms effectively due to the country’s large size and centralized government
during Suharto’s reign. Good reforms were made and were implemented well at the
grassroots level. As for Laos, I learned that its landlocked geography means that the
government has to have good working relationships with nearby countries, like Vietnam
and Thailand to transport Laotian goods to their seaports.
47
In my opinion, economic stability is an ideal situation. Every country has gone through
changes in their economic reforms and industrialized promotion, but it is the question of
frequency and implementation which sustains economic growth and sustainability.
3. Mr Nagamine’s Lecture
Mr Nagamine’s lecture focused on his experience in Kenya as a consultant for the Japan
International Bank Coorperation (JBIC) and Sanyu Consultants. He worked with their
Trade and Industry Ministry to draft a Master Plan to boost Kenya’s Economy and
Industrial Promotion. The master plan made by Mr Nagamine and his team was contextual
but it could be applied to any country.
4. Seminar Discussion
During the Seminar discussion, the country presenters divided themselves into different
countries which were not presented. I was assigned to Cambodia, with Meng and To as
their representatives. Listed below are the topics of our discussion;
CAMBODIA’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
a) Background
-
Cambodia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the past 4 to 5 years : 13.5%
free market system since 1991
4 contributing sectors of economy: a) agriculture b) tourism c) garment and
textiles d) service industries
b) Infrastructure
-
Water and electricity
Construction of roads perpetually in progress especially to cities
capital investment contribution :51% by locals and 49% by foreign investors
c) Privately run companies
-
Cambodia Chamber of Commerce : Small & Medium enterprise
Special Economic Zones with local and foreign businesses
Agreements with Mekong river countries : a) the Cambodia- Laos- Vietnam
triangle b) the Cambodia-Laos- Thailand triangle
One stop service centre for business advice and complaints
Every 6 months, meetings between Government and private investors
Trade unions e.g garment and textiles union
Cambodia Tourism Association (an umbrella organization overseeing travel
agencies throughout Cambodia.
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d) Success
-
Application of One stop service centre at district level
Decentralization of government : appointment of local leader in district
Political stability enticing foreign investment
e) Challenges
-
Red tape : difficult to channel ideas and complaints to relevant bodies
Corruption and money laundering
f) Hopes and Dreams
-
To export more varieties of products
To be a second biggest exporter of rice, after Thailand
To increase number of tourists visiting country
To host a stock exchange system in country
THAILAND – THE LAND OF SMILES : The Tourism Industry
Thong, from Laos, facilitated the group from Thailand.
a) Strengths
•
•
•
•
Affordable: Thai Tourism Authority makes sure that travelling within Thailand is
affordable for tourists as well as locals.
Variety of activities –to suit individual tastes
Strong facilities – good infrastructure with transportation services
Hospitality and service
b) Government Policy
Promote locals and foreigners travelling within Thailand.
c) Challenges
-
To balance Thai tradition and culture with incoming foreign cultures.
Unstable situation in the Southern province
c) Weakness
- Transportation service and system are not punctual and comfortable.
d) Tourism Opportunity
-
A transit point for travelers travelling to Mekong River countries.
49
VIETNAM : THE HIDDEN CHARM
At the end of the seminar discussion, Mr Nagamine commented that we had learned
extensively about each country’s economic and industrial promotion. By understanding
each country’s economic and industrial promotion, we were able to understand the
country’s strengths and weaknesses. By enhancing the strengths and minimizing the
weaknesses, the country can hopefully attain economic stability.
Moreover, in my opinion, a country will have to implement economic reforms as the
world globalizes.
Conclusion
At the end of the day, I have learned that there is no fixed template or fixed solution to
promote a country’s economy and industry. I believe that each country has to find a niche
to develop its economy a good selling point. Moreover, a country and its government may
encounter many challenges in balancing its local flavour and the globalization effect in the
country. We cannot run away from globalization but we can control its effects on our
country
LEARNING TOGETHER, LOVING TOGETHER: IATSS 43RD BATCH with Mr. Yoshio NAGAMINE,
Advisor, Project Operation Division No.1, International Department, SANYU Consultants Inc.
50
Seminar: Environment and Sustainable Development
Prof. Kazuo Matsushita
May 13, 2008
Maria Taslim
Indonesia
Introduction
I have been particularly interested in environmental subjects related to Japan.
Japan is known as an advanced country in technology and economic development in Asia.
Yet it has successfully maintained its nature and environment as part of its socio cultural
values. It is common that there is always conflict of interest in a developing country in
prioritizing environmental issues with the growth of its industry. In Indonesia, for example,
there are many cases of air and water pollution, which is contributed by the growing
number of factories and low law enforcement of the government, with regards to the
protection of its environment. This also includes well-known disasters in Indonesia that
affected neighboring countries, such as the forest fire in Kalimantan which occurred due to
the illegal logging during its trade liberalization period. Another interlinking factor that
contributes to the environmental issue in Indonesia is also its growing population
concentrated mostly on Java Island. Therefore, it will be interesting to learn how Japan has
managed to balance its development without sacrificing its nature and environment.
Country Presentation
1. Indonesia: Traffic Issue
Indonesia brings forth 2 big cities, Jakarta and Surabaya, as its main study subjects
for the traffic issue presentation. In Jakarta, there are recent flood disasters which have
brought Jakarta to a standstill and paralyzed it for a total of 3 days; it shut down all
passages, buildings, daily business activities and airport’s activities, etc. Health problems
arose such as diarrhea, skin disease, etc.
Apart from seasonal disasters, there are also routine ‘disasters’; traffic jams. There
are many factors that contribute to this condition. A few major aspects are the rising
number of cars in Jakarta, the ailing infrastructure planned by the government, including
the recent development of busway as alternate public transportation, many damaged
streets/roads because of floods and bad quality of road building materials, lack of law
enforcement by officers, and finally, lack of discipline by commuters, etc.
Meanwhile in the outer regions of Jakarta, Surabaya is another city with a
problematic issue; there is an ailing infrastructure and a lack of law enforcement by
51
government officials. There are severe cases of hot mud, known as “Lumpur Lapindo”,
which have surrounded many buildings. It has closed a section of the main road to; and
more than 12,000 people have been evacuated. The source of the problem is that one of the
companies in Indonesia, PT Lapindo Brantas, constructed a drilling rig only 500 meters
from a residential area and began drilling down to almost 9,500 feet, which released
pressure in a huge underground pool of mud, forcing it up through the surface to form the
world’s largest mud volcano. This problem has caused a great decline in economic
activities in the region.
I think Indonesia still faces many tough challenges in developing a good quality of
life for its people. There should be a thorough planning of infrastructure and awareness of
government function, as those who see through the welfare of people. Discipline and a
Law abiding mentality should be enforced at all levels, especially in the government. A
society will only be responsive if its government sets the example.
2. Philippines: Waste issue in urban areas
The Philippines, which is blessed with vast biodiversity has been committed to its
environment since the treaty at the Earth Summit. As for developing countries, they
usually face political interference which results in poor environmental laws.
Recapping for waste issues in the Philippines, in Metro Manila, there is 10,000
metric tons of solid waste a day being produced. Waste management is the overall
responsibility of the local government, but they lack the resources and finances to
construct waste processing and collection systems. There are at least 8 dumpsites, but none
are strictly compliant. However, there have been efforts to deal with this situation through
the development of sanitary fields in the Puerto Princesa district, Palawan province. It is a
joint project funded by the ADB as a model of good practices in waste management.
I think that the active role of a local NGO has played a major role in the success
contributing to the Philippines awareness of environmental issues. In developing countries,
where politics are still dominant, there are needs for local people and government, who
have more access to environmental knowledge, to be more active in promoting awareness
and knowledge at the grassroots level. It can start from a small action, such as the
discipline of each individual not to littering everywhere, and being considerate in the
quantity of product use that become waste, etc.
3. Vietnam: Development of Farming in Northern Mountainous Region
Vietnam is concentrated in NMR, which consists of 103000km2 (1/3 country area)
or 15% of the net population (12 million people) with a series of varied and fractured
topography. NMR people live nomadic lifestyles and past farming practices included slash
and burn; therefore, a measure to improve farming projects, known as SALT (Sloping
Agricultural Land Technique) is being conducted by CARE International and local
government.
It is valuable to gain particular farming knowledge from Vietnam. This can be
applied in most ASEAN countries for their general similarities of land and climate. It will
enhance not only the use of land in mountainous areas but also in the preservation of the
environment itself. In Indonesia, we know the land system called terasering which is
similar to Vietnam’s land system. And it has been quite popular for some time in Indonesia
because of Indonesia’s main concentration in agriculture. This is also supported by the
advantage that Indonesia consists of many volcanic mountains that contribute to land
52
fertility. Though there are still challenges in Indonesia to apply this system which stem
from different cultural values in applying farming technique. Therefore there should be
continuous efforts and planning from the local government and the media to promote best
practices in local communities.
Presentation Comment
Environmental awareness in Indonesia is still very low especially at the grassroots
level where incomes are still a daily struggle. There is still a big gap between the poor and
the rich even in the availability of basic sanitation and facilities. For example, Indonesia is
still having big problems with its clean water supply and basic human sanitation. The
grassroots level have has a very limited knowledge of health issues that may be caused by
its poor sanitation facilities. This is the common trend in developing countries where equal
economic welfare is still on the main agenda for economic reform.
Another common trend in developing countries is the influence of politics and
economics that still play a very strong role. In developing countries where trade and
industry are being actively promoted and pursued, environmental issues have been of a low
priority on the list. Therefore, curative measures are the trend compared to preventive
measures in developing countries. On a smaller scale, it has also contributed to the
difficulties of instilling the environmentalist mentality in individuals. There is still a
conflict of interest in individuals whereby the benefit of preserving the environment lacks
any tangible result. There is also a need to find a win-win solution in best practices. The
challenge is to balance the growth of industry in each country with a sustainable
environment especially in developing countries. Actually, it is everyone’s individual
responsibility to carry out the task in sustaining the environment.
Group Discussion
Group A: Waste Management in Bekasi
Group A decided to tackle the issue of waste management in Bekasi (Indonesia).Based on
the situation in Bekasi, which is the largest garbage dump in Indonesia, servicing 2 million
people, there is no more room to put the waste.
Action plan of the Governor includes: Promoting households to bring back their used shopping
bags to supermarkets; supporting industries to produce paper bags and distributing to their
supermarkets, NGOs getting involved in people education by the means of mass media campaigns;
quarterly vaccinations against water-diseases, such as cholera and enteric fever; Inviting
neighboring cities to gather their garbage and to give them some incentives to build a recycling
factory; Initiating legislation for “No more dumping in the river” with an assigned penalty for
infringement.
Action plan of representatives of industries: Building the recycling factories, including collection
systems, paper recycling factory, bottle recycling factory, plastic recycling factory, and compost
factory, developing fuel that is made from waste (for example, fuel from straw in Japan), using the
heat generated by factories.
Action plan of NGOs: Getting profits from supermarkets to implement a mass media campaign,
early education regarding the awareness of waste management, encouraging households to bring
waste to get discount coupons for groceries, building common toilet facilities: 1 toilet for every 5
households.
53
Action plan for individual households: Being a good citizen of Bekasi in following legislation and
raising more awareness of waste management
There is a big challenge in implementing ideas due to the lack of knowledge and awareness
of the people which are in poverty. Health concerns are not yet a priority for them,
especially with their quality of life. The project will only work if there are continuous
efforts made by local government to educate and provide basic facilities for people.
Group B: Traffic Conditions in Jakarta
Group B managed to define the main problems of traffic in Jakarta, such as traffic jams
during office hours, bad road conditions, low law enforcement, low awareness of people in
Jakarta.
Action plan to overcome traffic jams during office hours:
1. Government: providing new buses with double decks to accommodate passengers and better
manage bus time schedules, monorail implementation and a new infrastructure.
2. NGO/NPO: Promoting the use of public transport in cooperation with the ministry of education
3. Industry: Providing bigger parking lots and rescheduling working hours.
4. Household: Using public transport during peak hours or car pooling, etc.
Action plan to improve road conditions:
1. Government: Outsource Funding for the new road projects
2. NGO/NPO: Cooperate with the Governor to find outsource funds and Technical assistance.
3. Industry: Build new paths for bikes
4. Household: Pay taxes and tax monitoring awareness.
Action plan to improve law enforcement: Role model by government down to all individual and
strict penalty law implementation.
Action plan to improve individual awareness: Safety Campaign
Group C: Environmental Aspects of Traffic problems of Air and Noise Pollution
Group C came up with a common action plan (EEF (Enforcement + Education + Funding))
Action plan for the Governor: Levy high tax rate of 200% on owners of new cars which are not
green, promote the use of public transport, practice 3 in1 carpooling, promote tree planting around
premises and houses to factories and, and yearly check of car condition
The action plan for Households: Improve road infrastructure, build more public transport systems,
and implement low taxes on green car owners, and random checks and taxes on violations of gas
emissions.
Action plan for NGOs: Raise awareness of the general public and school children by dissemination
information on air and noise pollution through mass media, fund anyone who wants to undertake the
above activities, give input/advise to the government
Action plan for Transportation Industry: Train, bus and taxi operators (industry
members) need to be aware of air and noise pollution caused by traffic vehicles, restrict
areas for blowing horns, recommend government issue Laws on Air and Noise Pollution,
Standard on emission, checkpoint in some areas to measure noise levels and take
suggestions from community
54
The group study discussion has generated a lot of ideas to help solve the problem which is
relevant to main problems faced by Indonesians, especially regarding traffic issues.
Indonesia can only improve if the government is able to set an example and instill
discipline. If each individual has a sense of discipline, then the result can be sustainable
through each individual’s own conscious efforts. So far the planning stage has been good
practice but in terms of implementation, there is a tough situation as monitoring and
evaluation of each project is still very critical.
55
Seminar: Sustainable Rural Development and Its Platform in
Contracting Japan
Prof. Shigeru Fukushima
16 May 2008
Thongsavanh Khammanichanh
Laos
Of any country’s development can generally, we can say that it is comprised of the rural
and urban sector. Rural development is also a key component which can not be ignored. In
fact, most countries in the world have regularly executed development of rural areas.
However, many of the development programmes were unable to reach their goals of
sustainability. Thus, the concept of sustainable rural development needs to explored more.
I myself have been involved with a number of projects for rural development in Lao PDR
during a couple of years of my career. Sustainable rural development issues were hotly
discussed in each project and it became a strategy in the project document. However, many
projects were unclearly founded for their sustainability after the projects’ life was over.
The rural communities were unable to carry on further when the support pulled out.
Therefore, I felt a great honor in having the chance to learn strategies of sustainable rural
development from Japan’s experience and from its success.
The seminar was delivered by Prof. Shigeru Fukushima, Director of Meijo Asian Research
Center and Professor of Urban Science Faculty (Meijo University), held at Moku Moku
Farm in Nishiyubune Iga City. The lecture’s objectives were to give an overview of
Japan’s rural village situation. They are being shaken from their foundations due to
stagnation in the agriculture and forestry sectors and to discuss a rural management
framework and related socio-economic and institutional platforms towards more
sustainable rural villages in contracting Japanese society. Its contents covered:
contracting society and rural areas,
sustainability of rural areas in contracting society and its challenges,
sustainable rural development models,
two logics of rural management platform,
integrated regional spatial planning,
development platforms, and
case study of Tanba Model.
56
In addition, Mr. Osamu Kimura, the president of the Moku Moku Farm, kindly shared the
success of the Moku Moku Farm including: establishment of the business, how it works, its
key factors to success, and its sustainability, etc.
Contracting society is in line with the trends of depopulation and ageing, decline of local
economy, i.e. local industries and consumption, and shrinking of fiscal capacity.
Agricultural production is facing depressed price, ageing of the work force or difficulty in
securing successors, and low productivity. Public finance is shrinking, while
manufacturing is facing difficulties such as an increase in overseas production, uneven
industrial location, and decline of local industries. Moreover, there is also a decline in
consumption due to depopulation and ageing and the reduction of public expenditure.
Society is also facing the shrinking of fiscal capacity because of lower local tax revenues
while increasing social welfare expenditure and public debt. These are the problems that
will affect a contracting society.
Based on the above problems, a concept of a sustainable region has been generated, which
aims to materialize a city’s image, with three main elements: society/culture, economy, and
environment. In fact, this concept is very far from reality because of depopulation and
ageing, deterioration of social/life infrastructure, decline in local economies, deterioration
of countryside landscapes, and environmental deterioration. Thus, the Japanese have
changed the way of thinking from a vicious cycle into virtuous cycle and the community
needs to evolve by adapting to new trends. Five important points should noticed in the
theory of endogenous development:
a grand design for local regeneration,
revitalization of the input – output relationship of local industries through the
active utilization of local resources, organizations, workers, and networks,
conduciveness to an improvement in the local environment and livability,
a system whereby the participation process and outcome will create a sense of
purpose and a pride in and love for the area, and
linkage development with cities/outside.
In addition, sustainable rural management in a contracting society requires two logics of
development platforms (1) a logic for how to manage a region spatially by setting spatial
priority i.e. an integrated regional spatial plan and (2) a logic for an institutional
development platform which opens and supports all of the communities in a region,
including a platform for empowering communities and caring for marginal village
communities. On these platforms, I discerned that they would be applicable in my works in
the near future as I am going to be involved with many rural development projects – ADB
or other NGOs projects in Lao PDR. Upon this point, I expect to practice it in project
proposals and recommendations for other relevant organizations as well.
To further understand the concept of sustainable rural development, a case study of Tanba
model was presented. This model emphasized two main areas of local agricultural product
promotion and Tanba forest promotion movement. The former included production of
black soybeans and yamano-imo (yam), marketing and a brand-making approach, and
promotion of food processing, as well as the sightseeing industry. The latter focused on
growth management, conservation of local nature and culture, creation of a new life-style
57
with the forest, enhancement of local social capital/participation, and attracting people and
investment.
Visual model of sustainable development, for clearer understanding, Moku Moku Farm, is
a good example of this. Mr. Kimura shared his vision regarding this successful business.
The key point for the agricultural business is about value added for the products i.e. the
agricultural product will gain its highest value if it can directly reach the consumer via self
processing. For example, a bowl of rice in a convenience store costs 120Yen; its raw
material costs only 30 Yen, thus 90 Yen comes from the value added in processing. In
Moku Moku farm, the beer produced within the farm has the value added for the barley
which is produced there. The other concept of this farm is to make the place an education
venue and eco tourism destination. Finally, Mr. Kimura pointed out that, as Moku Moku is
a collective farm, its implementation concept is:
no ownership
share the funds together
work together,
produce, process, and sell together, and
enjoy together.
Aside from learning from class, the participants enjoyed touring the farm and its processing
factories and their hands on activities, including: feeding the milky cows in early morning and
cheese cake making. Furthermore, the participants had a chance to eat the fresh foods that were
produced and processed in situ.
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In conclusion, I found that this seminar and visit provided the ideas for a perspective
for future trends in rural society. This is the starting point young leaders have to keep
in mind and gradually apply it in their country’s development. Among the ASEAN
countries, this would be a good model to learn from and adjust in each country’s
context. All in all, a good management system and strategy are the keys for
sustainable development.
59
Seminar2: Entreprise Strategies
Mr. Harada, Ms. Yoneya,
Mr. Fukae, Ms. Takaoka
May 23rd,2008
Yayuk Sri Rahayu
Indonesia
The 2nd Enterprise strategy seminar by Family Mart
was very special to me, because we had a seminar, workshop and store tours of the Family
Mart headquarters in Tokyo's Ikebukuro district. The location of the Family Mart
headquarters itself was an attraction, because it is located in the Sunshine City Complex, a
modern business, shopping and entertainment complex that features the 60-story "Sunshine
60" building, World Imports Mart, Culture Hall with a theatre and museum, International
Aquarium, Alpa Shopping Centre and Sunshine City Prince Hotels.
Arriving at the headquarters, we were warmly welcomed by Mr. Harada and Ms.
Tomoko Yoneya. The introductory seminar by Mr. Ryoichi Fukae, the Manager of the
Marketing Division, gave me broader view of the commercial side of Family Mart, how
Family Mart relates to marketing, advertising and its branding campaign.At present,
convenience stores have become an integral part of modern life, not only in Japan but also
in other parts of the world. During my 40day stay in Japan, I could see that everywhere I
went; I could easily find a convenience store. Sometimes one convenience store was facing
a rival store across the street or road, or was separated from a competitor’s store on the
same side of the road. Mr. Harada mentioned that in Sunshine City itself, in a 200m radius,
there were at least 9 Family Marts, 1 Seven Eleven, 1 Am/Pm and 1 Circle K. Through the
store visits and observations for the workshop, I could imagine and understand the fierce
competition between such closely situated rival.
This fierce competition and changes in the surrounding environment, such as the
development of IT, an aging society and so on, has forced Family Mart not only to operate
24 hours 365 days a year, but also to create an original strategy to survive in the market
and stay ahead of competitors. I think it was a good strategy for Family Mart to conduct a
customer survey in 2004. Even though the results were not good and disappointing, from
this survey, Family Mart could actually know that they still didn’t have a clear identity
which would make them different from other convenience store. Then one year later, in
2005 Family Mart began to conduct a campaign to raise the profile of the Family Mart
Brand. This campaign was aimed at making the customer enjoy moment that they spend in
the store, but also to help it become a store that touched people hearts by providing a more
comfortable feeling, relaxed and fun. Under the principal slogan: “FamilyMart, Where
You Are Always One of the Family,” FamilyMart are currently working to ensure that the
60
customer enjoys every moment they spend in the store. This can only be done by strictly
paying attention to the principle of SQ&ampC – service, quality, and cleanliness – this is
the basis of everything that is done at Family Mart. They also have to secure and realize
the unique strength, which is called “FamilyMartness,” in every store. One of the
marketing tools, Family Mart uses, is the commercial or advertising to express the “Family
Martness’ feeling”, to improve its corporate image and strengthen the customer’s
relationship by delivering its corporate message and building a star item and service
procedure.
I gained so much invaluable knowledge from these two enterprise strategy seminars.
I learned that globalisation plus the rapid changes in technology have forced businesses to
adapt in line with the behaviour of niche markets. Under the prevailing fierce market
competition, entrepreneurs must create an outstanding marketing strategy by displaying
product differentiation and good service when compared to competitors. The strategy
focuses on a customised basis. In order to achieve success, good customers must be
assured of excellent service, a clear marketing strategy is implemented based on customer
behaviour and needs. Production is accurately measured, and transportation in various
forms is efficient and reliable and the customers are always thought of first.
Furthermore, technology or e-business is playing an increasingly important role in
the world of business. The last decade has seen the role of the “middleman” diminish as ebusiness has allowed producers to contact customers directly and more quickly. Any
entrepreneur who does not keep up to date with new technology may lose business and
ultimately fail. The current market trend is towards more franchises and use of trade marks.
Apart from old marketing strategies including marketing surveys, advertisement, sales
promotion and sales staff, the marketing department has had to develop ways to build
customer relationships at all levels. The use of technology, such as the internet to contact
customers and to strengthen brand awareness, has helped in entering and being accepted in
the niche market.
WORKSHOP
The 2nd session was a workshop. We were divided into three groups, to conduct a
small observation of a given Family Mart store to check whether the store was selling well
or not, and why the store was successful or not. I think this workshop was really interesting,
because we could practice what we had learned from the 1st seminar, ie, all the marketing
theory that determines whether a store is selling well or not. This was also a challenging
task, because this observation could only be done outside the store, so we were unable to
see 3 points of store checking: (1) display of rice balls, lunch boxes, sushi, sandwich
shelves; (2) number of new items (items with POP sign); and (3) number of chilled dessert
items. We could only observe the number of cash registers and staff.
The three Family Mart stores for our workshop observation were:
1. Family Mart Sunshine-Mae store. This store is not so far from the Sunshine 60
building, but they are close to an Am/Pm convenience store. This store was
assigned to group C.
2. FamilyMart Sunshine city store (2nd floor). This store is located in the Sunshine
60 building, and was assigned to group B, (my group).
3. FamilyMart Ikebukuro Green Odori store. This store is the farthest among those
three stores, and is located in an office and school area and also near an am/pm.
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The groups presented their observation results quite well based on the checking points of a
store’s condition and location.
All the groups were able to give several points that impressed Mr. Harada. Group A,
sensed market potential and quality, Group B had a different out look that a store is built to
protect the territory of Family Mart, and group C looked at the feasibility of a store. Before
commenting on the workshop results, Mr. Harada explained that among the three stores,
group A’s stores has the highest daily sales, group B’s store was the second highest and
group C’s store was the lowest.
Group A had the highest sales because the store is very close to the standard size of a
usual Family Mart, has a wide entrance, and had a rectangular shape that made it possible
to provide a standard display. Group A actually mentioned parking lots for bikes that
occupied the space. The difference between Family Mart in a small city like Suzuka and
Tokyo is the necessity of parking lots. In a small city, the parking lot really matters, but not
in Tokyo. Five minutes distance walk from a competitor such as Am/Pm is still considered
a potential market area in Tokyo, while 10 minutes drive is considering the potential
Market distance in Suzuka.
Group B had several positive points having done interviews with some people,
because the interview is one of the basic points to get results. The groups also observed the
person at the cash register. One person in a store, can only serve 1.5 people a minute. Even
though there are different market segments between Famima!! and FamilyMart, Famima!!
on the 4th floor of the sunshine building was opened to protect the FamilyMart on the 2nd
floor and the daily sales of FamilyMart are bigger than Famima’s!!
Group C had several discoveries that support why this store had the lowest daily
sales among the three, such as the amount of cashier staff only two. Not so many people
walking along the street entered the FamilyMart and the size of the store was small. The
Am/Pm store actually opened before FamilyMart, but the contribution of Otaku (Manga
freak) has made this FamilyMart produce higher daily sales than Am/Pm.
STORES TOUR
Even though I have visited quite a lot of FamilyMart stores before this official tour
with Mr. Harada and Ms Tomoko, I think this visit was still interesting because of the first
store that we would visit. Mr Harada gave us information about this store, which has the
highest daily sales in the Sunshine city area. Entering the store, I could easily see why this
store had the highest daily sales. There were many customers in the store, the cash register
area was also busy, and quite a large numbers of staff: the most important thing was that
there were many signs with POP items. The best sellers in this store were beverages and
daily products, and also bento. The second store SCPH (Sunshine City Prince Hotel),
principally targeted Prince Hotel’s customers, yet still had high daily sales (800.000 Yen).
The last store that we visited was Famima!! I could easily be differentiated it had
higher prices and targeted the higher end market, unlike FamilyMart. This store excelled at
generation and regional level marketing, superior store design, quality customer service
and value pricing. The upscale Famima!! store format includes a first-rate deli, specialty
and international foods, snacks and beverages, and a diverse selection of attractive and in
demand lifestyle merchandise.
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CONCLUSION
This seminar has broadened my view of the convenience store retail business. I
could summarize that the key success factors for this business is how a store tightly links
both value and convenience for customer. Convenience is more than just location, “value”
is more than just price, and making the best use of precious time is a consumer imperative.
There are at least five factors that should be considered, as follows:
1. Location/access: obviously the key convenience success factor and the best location
should be close to where the customer lives, work, or it should be on their normal route
to and from home, with easy access and egress, and convenient parking spaces for
customers who only want to quickly shop in the store. The right location provides both
convenience and value.
2. Speed of Service: In an environment where the consumer is always pressed for time,
convenience and value are both provided when the store is easy to shop in, where
customers can easily locate what they want to buy, and they can get fast, efficient and
friendly service.
3. Assortment / Availability: For most product categories, consumers have their
favourite brand names, flavours, or the sizes that they want to purchase. They expect a
“good” convenience store to carry them. (Good brands carry with them images of
quality, lifestyle, etc.) For some products, like cigarettes, consumers are extremely
loyal to their brand and package size, and for other products, like chocolate bars, they
may have several brands that they alternatively use.
4. Price: Price is a key component of value, but “value for money spent” is probably a
more important consideration.
5. Environment: Increasingly, the store environment plays an important role in the
consumer’s perception of value. If the store is clean, bright, uncluttered and easy to
shop in, the staff appears friendly and interested, and the store offers a wider range of
convenient products and services, the consumer is more willing to patronize it more
frequently. If however, the store is old, tired, dirty, cluttered, etc., the store will
probably only be used for “emergency purchases.”
Overall, it was a great opportunity for us, especially for me, to get a complete
understanding of the retail business through these two interactive enterprises strategy
seminars, in this case, Family Mart convenience stores. I learned that culture has influence
in shaping the retail business and how FamilyMart adjusts to the changing environment
and fierce competition from other convenience stores, which leads to changes in shopper
behaviour and finally the products chosen. The most important thing, I also gained
knowledge about the franchising system and how sales are made at FamilyMart. I hope this
knowledge will be useful if I open my own store in the future.
My deepest gratitude for Mr. Harada and all the
FamilyMart staff for their time and the invaluable
information given to us, especially the voucher card to
buy our lunches! …and also, thanks for the great
dinner.
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Visit Report
65
Honda Factory Visit
April 22nd, 2008
Aung Khant Minn
Myanmar
Tuesday, April 22, 2008 Oh! This day we had a chance to visit
to Honda Motor Suzuka Factory. See...., how interesting it is!
This is one of the reasons the chance to attend the IATSS
Forum became so attractive and exciting. I heard this from my
senior. Senior alumni told us about the production system in
this factory functions mostly by robot. And I was excited to
meet with ASIMO, the friendly robot from HONDA. ASIMO
is the symbol of an advanced step of technology in innovative
mobility and also it is popularity world wide as a Humanoid
Robot that can talk, move with agility and see. Another reason
which strongly came from my heart was I like HONDA which
is more innovative and looks more luxurious than other
automobiles in our country, Myanmar. Firstly, I worried about the visit to Honda, Suzuka
Factory, but I didn't have a chance to worry long because of good planning which was
develop by the IATSS Forum staff. All of them were so nice, helpful and had enough skills
to manage the program perfectly.
As per our schedule which was
developed by the forum, we met at the
entrance of IATSS Forum at 8:30 AM,
before our shuttle bus was ready to
go…. Firstly, we went to Suzuka City
Hall and Suzuka Police Station to
learn more about Suzuka City where
the forum is located. Because of the
tight scheduled we switched to
HONDA MOTOR Suzuka Factory. I
am sure; it was the most awaited event
for all of the participants.
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Finally we arrived at the Suzuka
Factory, HONDA MOTOR Co., Ltd.
at about noon, 12:30….as the
scheduled. Firstly, we took lunch in
meeting room No.3, which was
prepared and ordered from the Flower
Garden Hotel. It was very delicious
and nicely packaged.
After lunch, we got a chance to learn
about QC which is currently practiced
at HONDA MOTOR Co. Ltd. from Mr. Yoshiyuki Sawaki, Secretary General, QC Circle
Tokai Branch Division, Mie prefecture. This was all about the birth of the QC Circle and
its activity, outline of the QC Method, QC perspective, troubleshooting (QC Story) and
Quality Control development in Japan. We were surprised to know that the QC Circle
Activity started in Japan 46 years ago and it has contributed to the development of Japan.
Oh! Surely..!! That is a reason..!!! Everybody has confidence in quality when we buy any
things made in Japan.
And again, we can see the results of using the QC Circle (name: Shinkaigyo to Yukaina
Nakanatachi/ Deep-sea Fish and Boon Companion) and team spirit, Japanese ways of
thinking and the strong desire to achieve high goals. As a conclusion, the presenter,
Mr.Daisuke Hashimoto, gave us the theme, “A Quality Group regularly and continuously
makes efforts to improve quality by putting ourselves in the position of customers.”
After that, we also had a chance to learn more about Suzuka Factory. HONDA Co., Ltd.
which was established in September 1948, for 59 years with an investment of Y 86,000
million in capital, 26,652 (Unconsolidated) and 167,231 (Consolidated) employees now
working for HONDA. The average age of employees is 43 years old. HONDA is
Producing and Selling Motorcycles, Automobiles and Power Products. The most
interesting data for HONDA Co., Ltd. is that it has more than 23 million customers
worldwide.
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Suzuka Factory was established in April, 1960 and located in Suzuka-city, Mie Prefecture.
The product it currently produces is 4-wheel vehicles and engines, with 9000 employees (2
shifts) are working in this factory. The site area is 890,000 m2 (19 times bigger than a
Baseball Stadium); the building area is 544,000m2, producing 2,115 units per day for 11
models. The production operation is divided into three lines as line I, II and TD. Line
speed is approx. about 50 sec. for line I and III, 29 sec. for line TD. 51% and 49% of the
total production volume is for Domestic and Export respectively.
The highest and the latest achievement of Suzuka Factory is
“The second model of FIT which won ‘Japan Car of the Year’,
following its first model. Cumulative domestic production of
FIT has reached 1 million units in 6 years and 6 months,
marking the pinnacle of Honda vehicles’ sales in the same
period.
And then we had a chance to enter and take a glance at the real HONDA Automobiles
production plant, line I. This two storey assembly line was 1,200 meters long and located
in a 400 meter long building. The conveyor belt transported the body parts, which are to
and from the first and second floors along the assembly line convenient is and efficiently
for the workers and robots who assemble the over 2,500 parts ensuring precision and
consistency in the different kinds of models and various kinds of individual requested
orders.
The highly automated robots used in this process were also produced by HONDA. The
whole operation is controlled by computerized online management systems. I am confident
that it was great to see such fully automated production line function, not only for me, but
also for all the participants; unfortunately, we did not get the opportunity to meet with
ASIMO. Thank you so much anyway. The experience that I got from this visit was a
golden one for me…….
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Suzuka Traffic Education Centre Visit
April 25th, 2008
Van Thi Minh Huyen
Vietnam
Traffic safety has now become a worldwide concern because the number of injured and
dead people from traffic accidents is increasing on a large scale. The ASEAN community
is not an exception. Therefore, visiting Honda Company’s STEC has provided all IATSS
Forum Program’s participants with a profound knowledge and hands-on experience.
Ironically, we directly benefitted from a grant originally related to traffic safety. This visit
was also a brand new component of our program, so we were quite excited to experience it.
We arrived to STEC quite early in the morning (9:10 am) since it took us only 10 minutes
to get there by bus. We were received by the Director of STEC, Mr. Hiroyuki Shiozu, with
his warm welcome speech. We were given general information on the organizational
structure and business culture of STEC. This center belongs to Mobilityland Corporation,
one of the two traffic education organizations of Honda Company Ltd. (the other is The
Rainbow Motor School Co., Ltd. with six sub-centres thoughout Japan). A new culture and
new sense of value are being developed in Mobilityland Corporation, “By moving to other
places, people encounter new people, nature, and things and learn new experience.”
After that, we stayed one and a half hours in the main classroom for further elaboration on
STEC, which was conducted by an enthusiastic senior instructor. We all understand that
Honda’s philosophy is the concept, “Respect for the Individual,” which results in Safety.
In turn, this Safety concept is comprised of both Hardware (Development of safer
products) and Software (Traffic Safety Education for people) with a view to realizing a
richer mobile society. We were also introduced to Driving Safety Promotion methods and
obtained an insight into fundamental principles and the history of STEC since 1964 and its
3S’s, (not Seiri, Seiton or Seiso,) but Safety, Steady, and Saving. More interestingly, STEC
has transformed itself into a new STEC program providing enhanced safe driving
education. By analyzing societal needs and customer expectations, they have built new
courses and facilities along with employing knowledgeable and skillful instructors.
We all found it impressive and fabulous when watching the Night-time Accident Response
program on with a large and Hi-Vision screen with glare effect. The reasoning for this
video clip is night-time accidents occur more regularly than in daytime. We saw unsafe
behavior at night and in the early morning, and also knew that we should wear light
colored (especially white) clothing and other accessories at night because it is most
noticeable.
69
Apart from the theoretical training on traffic safety to raise our awareness, STEC also
provided us with thrilling hands-on experience driving real cars. None of us expected that
we would have the chance to drive in Japan, surely. Another field instructor gave us some
basic lessons on safe driving by demonstrating how to get ready before driving (seat belts,
driver position, etc.). We were asked to drive our own cars in normal and difficult road
conditions. Please remember that only persons with official driving licenses should drive
because we came across one incident, which ironically happened because of unsafe
behavior. One of us was so excited that she just wanted to drive a bit when seeing another
participant driving. Suddenly, she could not control the speedy car and ran quite fast in 10
seconds. Her car struggled to end up safely, however. She said that it would be a bitter and
lifelong experience for her in terms of safe driving. Hopefully, we all drew the same lesson
from STEC. Awareness of safe driving was strongly enhanced!
The STEC training session came to an end with a Q&A. All participants raised questions
about Mobilityland Corporation because we had noticed that the Iris Hotel where we
stayed has a Mobibility Research Centre. Some also asked about similar traffic education
centres from Honda’s competitor – Toyota Company Ltd. All in all, people had good
experience driving a car in Japan!
In conclusion, the theme that this Centre wished to convey to all traffic participants in the
world is that, “Good experience here, strive to communicate our message to the world!”
STEC has an important role to play in helping all traffic participants learn traffic safety in
a proper yet enjoyable way. And this report appeals to all readers by quoting one sentence
in the speech of the Director, “I think there are a lot of differences between our traffic
situation or traffic rules and yours, but I am sure that recently all countries are the same in
terms of the fact that we cannot live without cars and motorbikes and that we cannot forget
about “SAFETY”!
70
Toyota Commemorative Museum of Industry and Technology
May 6th, 2008
Singkhonrat Jirada
Thailand
As a lecturer on the subject of Chemical Industry back home, I was very interested in the
progression of Japanese Industry and Technology. After studying the guide book of this
museum that Masumi-san had asked us to read, I was surprised that to develop such
advanced technology was all about wisdom and the willpower to achieve more than
sophisticated scientific knowledge. I was curious and very interested to learn more about
Mr. Toyoda’s Philosophy. On the day, we had to wake up early, catch a train to Nagoya
and be at the museum on time. We were welcomed by Prof. Adachi and 30 female
students! Can you imagine how excited all our guys? I am sure that they will have a great
accomplishment report regarding those women. Of course, they fulfilled our great day in
Nagoya. Thank you for Prof. Adachi for his great concern for us. I definitely accomplished
my objectives during this visit.
There are 2 main sections at the museum. All
women were very interested in the Textile
Machinery Pavilion while the men focused on the
Automobile Pavilion and Technoland. It was very
inspiring how Toyota could achieve the No. 1
sales spot away from GM. The drop in global
sales put GM in second place behind Toyota
Motor Corp. (the Detroit news reported on
Wednesday, April 23, 2008). From the visit, we
learned the history behind their success, technical
implement action, research and development, and
future commitment, “Today for Tomorrow”.
The museum display was very good education for children and very encouraging for them
to experience an entire process of Toyota’s transition and development. This was my first
time to get a clear understanding of technical progress in the textile industry that has taken
place over the years. Mr. Toyoda’s success in spinning and looming technology directed
him to control technology in order to achieve mass production. It helped then to have a
clear vision of their achievement from textile to the automobile industry.
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Nobody in the car industry can miss the significance of Toyota's vastly superior
productivity. Key elements of that higher achievement were also plainly visible. With
deeper study around the museum, I found that the Japanese had established a 'culture' (I
could not find a better word). This can be very understandable by observing how Mr.
Toyoda succeeded with his A1 model. Amazing work! All made by hand without any
know-how about Automobiles; he only tried hard to imitate. You must take great care over
the analysis of a role model before selecting what you will adopt from its practices, and
what you won't use. It also follows that you may misread the model. You can hardly match
this 'careful and extensive observation' - except in one place: your own operations. In truth,
that's the key to Toyota's achievements: all his wisdom didn't emerge out of the blue, but
from the management's commitment to continuous improvement and continual exploration
of ways in which it could be achieved.
Do you know where you are going? Have you thought through what you are doing to get
there? Unless your purpose and vision are clear, no role model, even if its lessons are
accurately understood, can serve you well. Moreover, unless you are relentless in pursuing
and testing both objectives and execution, you will never build the most valuable role
model of all - your own. After all, that's how the great Toyota model was built: not by
imitation, but by imagination. He only believed that Japan had to be able to produce its
own cars! That was how Toyoda achieved his A1 model in May 1935.
I didn’t have time for Technoland! David said it was very fun and he got a certificate from
those games, too. I was too busy with shopping for those car-model souvenirs. We then
had 6 hours wondering around NAGOYA city. Yumi-san, Ady-san, and the others took
Aey, Cho and I to Atsuta shrine where we were very lucky to see a Shinto wedding
Ceremony. We all got back to Suzuka around 10PM. What another great day in JAPAN!
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Tokyo Traffic Control Center Visit
May 22nd, 2008
Netkham Southaluck
Laos
Tokyo is Japan’s capital with 12 million people. It is one of the largest cities in the world.
Maintaining peace and order of this city and safeguarding the lives of everyone who
travels, lives and works here is the work of the Tokyo traffic Control Center. They
continue to make efforts day and night to ensure that the days go by peacefully without
fear of crime or accident. Because smooth traffic movement is good for business, if traffic
gets stuck, it might become a big problem for society and economic growth, and air
pollution might increase then directly affect people. So, to assist in solving problems the
center has become important to this city and also should also be introduced in other cities
too.
So when we visited the center, information was presented by using a video and a police
officer who was responsible for visitors to the station. The police officer explained how
they work with a big control system. First, the information was given to us in brief about
the working system, and how it operates.
The traffic control center is under the control of the Traffic Bureau, Tokyo Metropolitan
Police Department, which works to control and solve the problem of the main city, Tokyo,
and neighboring cities. The main work is to collect traffic information, analyze it, and
provide information to commuters.
Collecting information is very important work and useful, so due to high technology and
good human resources, information is quickly collected by roadside traffic detectors,
emergency phone calls from traffic accidents, helicopters, patrol cars, police motorcycles,
police stations, police boxes, television camera etc. and directly sent to the center through a
comprehensive and complex operating system. After that the information is analyzed
before displaying it on the central display board. Then they update telephone and facsimile
information service and roadside radio provides information about traffic accidents on
which streets and, finally they exchange information with other neighboring control
centers as quickly as they can to solve the problems together.
After the video presentation, the police officer further explained the display board. This
system is called Universal Traffic Management System (UTMS), it is divided into three
main boards: the expressway display board, central display board and information display
73
board. The expressway board shows the traffic situation on highways, the central display
board shows the complete traffic flow in the city and information display board shows the
current situation, caught by video camera on the road. The camera shows the image on the
display and some information about traffic accidents and also under the central display
board there are some televisions from different streets showing the actual situation of
traffic movement.
And the officer also mentioned that on the display things such as a red line means that
routes are jammed and the movement speed is less than ten kilometers per hour. A yellow
line on the board means a traffic jam speed of around twenty kilometers per hour. We had
time to ask him about the work, as a participant from Cambodia asked ‘what the
difficulties of issues were to work there? The offices answered that ‘after they got
information from a road accident, they had to do analysis quickly to find a way of
maintaining traffic flow solving which is a very important step. The staff has to work in
teams to help each other. and the second question was asked by the participant from
Singapore; ‘how long do you work per day?’ The officer answered that ‘they divided into
two teams and one team might work 24 hours, for example, the first team started at 8:00
a.m. today while the second team might come on at 8:00 a.m. tomorrow. This means that
they work very hard.
The technology installed on the road and in cars helps commuters ignore traffic problems
and accidents, but if they still behave against the rules and regulations, then accidents and
traffic issues might arise so a good way to solve this problem is to educate people about
respected and safe driving on the road. So this visit was very amazing for me to see the
biggest traffic operating system and I hope that my country does not use it, that means that
traffic problem do not happen in country.
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Group Study Report
Group Study
Group Study is one of the most important and unique activities because it reflects the IATSS
Forum Motto ÒThinking and Learning Together.Ó Participants were divided into three-groups,
each consisting of members from different cultures, backgrounds, careers, genders and ages.
The 43
rd
IATSS Forum participants were given three different group study sub topics under the
main theme ÒPopulation IssuesÓ as follows:
1. ÒOur Village, Our Product, Our PrideÓ
2. ÒOrphans Grow OrganicÓ
3. ÒImproving Primary Education in a Lao Theung Community in Lao P.D.R.Ó
Despite the limited time, all the participants tried their best to exchange their viewpoints on
the given topics, actively participated in discussions, and finally produced <project proposals>.
Their intensive work paid off and they delivered impressive presentations at the Group Study
Presentation in front of many invited guests.
THEME LECTURE: POPULATION ISSUES
Ms. KIYOKO IKEGAMI
April 14th, 2008
Gomez José Edgardo, Jr. Abaya
Philippines
Part 1: Theme Essay – 3 Images of my Philippine Population Experience
I was reminded of the population situation in my country by Ms. Ikegami ‘s
lecture, which gave a very good overview of the most basic population concerns and
general demographic trends in the world today. In the Philippines, population issues have
been a persistent problem with political and social implications for government officials as
well as the person-on-the-street.
But there has always been a tendency for someone like me—a lecturer in a university, to
simplify problems by simply looking at the growth of the population pyramid. That alone
is already alarming compared to the slowing rates of population growth in other ASEAN
countries, because, in the Philippines, the high dependency of minors is already a burden
to the economy and infrastructure. However, the ramifications of such rapid population
growth go much further in other states, as I learned from the Ms. Ikegami’s enlightening
lecture.
Some of these implications include deprivation or discrimination against women and
children, unemployment, unwanted migration, and the burden of supporting an ageing
population. In the first part of this essay, I would therefore like to share my own opinions
and perspective on important population issues vis-à-vis my own experiences in the
Philippines.
I will present the discussion based on three cases: a young woman giving up her child to a
western couple, the image of Filipino domestic workers in Lucky Plaza (Singapore), and
the image of one of my own former students.
The first image that touched me was from the short film “Lifelines” that ended Ms.
Ikegami’s lecture. The film showed the various predicaments of women all over the world,
and one of the scenes showed a young woman holding her baby tightly, her face shadowed
in lament.
A caucasian woman enters the room, and approaches smiling, with her arms open to take
the baby, gushing about how adorable the infant is.
78
The young mother reluctantly gives up the baby, which she cannot support, and the voice
of her thoughts tells us that she had insufficient and faulty information about medical
technology that could have delayed or prevented the unwanted pregnancy.
She is compelled to sign a release agreement for the baby, and the scene ends. I was
perhaps shaken by the message of this scene, because the young woman resembled a friend
of mine in my own country.
I thus learned how medicine and technology that does reach the poorer segments of society
can cause such tragedies for more vulnerable individuals. It is surely a traumatic
experience for a young mother to be torn away forever from her baby—especially her
firstborn infant.
The second image that I would like to share was the result of my first trip to
Singapore last February, where I was fortunate to have had a day and a half for a tourist
adventure, after returning from a consultancy.
As I was walking down Orchard Road in the center of town that Sunday, I came across an
intersection called Lucky Plaza, adjacent to several commercial buildings. There, on the
benches and under the shade of trees sat groups of Filipinos—mostly women chatting, as
well as some men.
From the banter that I overheard, these were domestic helpers and blue-collar laborers on
their one day off.
Thus, I was directly witnessing one of the results of my country’s inability to provide jobs
for all of its citizens: many Filipinos leave home to seek jobs abroad in places like
Singapore, just to be able to survive and send some money back to families that have been
left motherless or fatherless.
Such employment-driven migration has both good and bad effects on my country. On the
one hand, the economy is boosted by dollar remittances, but on the other hand, the
Philippines loses some of its best minds and immense talent because its sons and daughters
have found a home elsewhere.
The third image is more personal, but it is related to the latter. Last semester, I had
an intelligent student who topped my class because of her diligence. I learned that she was
the eldest in her family, and the only one who had studied hard enough to graduate from
my prestigious university. Her father worked as an engineer in Saudi Arabia, and she
worked for a local water company. As she was quite productive despite her young age
(23) she had already advanced rapidly in her office hierarchy, and she used her salary to
help send her younger brother and sister to school.
Her parents were not rich, and her father was always worried that he would run out of
money, as his engineering contracts were irregular.
For me, this was a very personal experience of how population pressures and low earning
power make life hard for many Filipinos.
Likewise, it also showed me how education has been instrumental in improving this young
woman’s fortunes, allowing her to become an asset to her family.
I am always deeply inspired to teach such students, as I believe that they help to uplift my
nation.
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Let me thus close this essay by linking it to one important lesson from Ms.
Ikegami’s lecture. Education does indeed have an effect on population quantity and
quality. I share the opinion that this effect is quite significant and, therefore, I tend to
prefer sustaining educational interventions wherever population pressures are concerned.
To this I add my new appreciation of the more detailed effects of population dynamics: the
dispersion of people is not just about numbers on a chart. It is rather about real people
making real decisions about where to live, and work, and how many children to have.
It is simultaneously about how the socioeconomic, political, and natural environments
contribute to the enjoyment of a healthy and fulfilling life for some, but constrict and
destroy the lives of others. As an IATSS Forum alumnus-in-the-making, I can therefore
take this knowledge with me to become more effective in dealing with such social issues,
especially when faced with decisions at the local or community level.
Part 2: Discussion Highlights
During Ms. Ikegami’s lecture, our group engaged in an enthusiastic discussion
about population issues. As part of our discussion, I should mention here that the group
activity required us to prepare a project tree for improving a community-based school
management system in the imaginary land of Aseandia. The activity also trained our
thought processes in goal setting and prioritization. I will discuss a few salient points, as
follows:
I believe that one of the essential learning points of the group came when Ms.
Ikegami gave us a brief overview of the U.N. structure, emphasizing the “1-country, 1vote” rule. It was useful to know that certain key agencies benefitted from assessed
contributions, while others were driven by voluntary contributions—with the latter often
being influenced by political motivations.
What was important here was that the IATSS participants learned how UN agencies—
particularly the UNFPA have been working to improve quality of life and to simplify
requirements (e.g. multiple reports) for member states.
A second trigger for lively discussion was the series of population pyramids that
Ms. Ikegami showed to the group. It came as a surprise for some of us that the population
of the world will generally start to age by the year 2050, across all nations.
This was perhaps a discovery for participants like me, who come from countries where
population growth is not yet under control—as it is quite difficult to imagine how millions
of people can eventually grow old, and not be replaced by the same number of young
people.
As Ms. Ikegami put it, we are all heading towards a state where we may have both parents
alive and both sets of grandparents alive—with our own children’s generation dwindling.
This further led to the realization that population size, per se, is not actually the problem,
but rather the rate of expansion and corollary to this, the distribution of this population
across a national territory with limited resources.
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Another segment of the population that generated some animated responses was
on “pro-choice” and “pro-life” policies in various countries, or as advocated by certain
political administrations (e.g. America in President, George Bush). Again, Ms. Ikegami
showed us here that one has to look at philosophical and practical concerns beyond the
normal range of human experience. It may not seem difficult to be “pro-life” or to
consider life as beginning at conception. However, we agreed that in cases of rape, or
when the pregnancy threatens the life of the mother due to sickness or some other
incapacity, the decisions become difficult. Given reasonable governments and societies,
such cases may become exceptions to the rule.
But often, cultural and religious beliefs may discourage termination of a pregnancy, even if
unwanted. This is very much a population concern, as the child born under such
unexpected circumstances to mothers who may be psychologically unprepared will have
stresses very early in life.
Fourth came a discussion on the various initiatives that are the result of the politics,
economics, and population issues being solved in other countries. For instance, in
Indonesia, the local “Posendo” system, started during the Suharto era, has been a
continuous success, as it establishes day-care centers in rural areas for mothers of very
young children.
In such locations, young women can get booklets to record their babies’ weight and
vaccinations, simple but nutritious infant food, and perhaps most importantly, information
on child care, feminine hygiene, birth spacing, and other maternal or family needs.
Lastly, I should mention again the short film “Lifelines,” which actually fuelled a
number of conversations even after the lecture had formally finished. This film was a
valuable experience, especially for many of us, because of its graphic and memorable
portrayal of gender problems in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and even some developed
countries, where women must struggle against domestic violence, genital mutilation,
prostitution, cultural stereotyping, and other less-than-ideal situations.
Other participants could relate their local narratives to scenes in the film, and could even
compare against present reality. For instance, I took a few minutes later on to ask a young,
educated Japanese woman from a nearby town whether or not the portrayal of the
newlywed Japanese wife required to quit her job and stay at home still reflected actual
conditions.
To my slight surprise, she answered, “Yes, it is still true in some cases…” I found this
quite interesting, as even in wealthy and developed countries, cultural expectations and
corresponding practices can still be forceful enough to limit the mobility of members of
society—not just women, but perhaps men from lower socioeconomic classes or migrants
as well.
There were many other subtopics and points discussed, though the latter states the
highlights that I recorded. I realize however from these items alone, that population is
indeed a complex issue that touches several aspects of our lives. We can all perhaps
discuss this a little bit more comprehensively, being able to analyze and compare the many
sides of population issues from the international national, and even local perspectives. ***
81
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Special Section: Learning Points from the Project Tree Activity
I learned or enhanced my abilities in the following areas:
Logical thinking encouraged by problem tree framework
Prioritization of local-level projects matched by local-level priorities
Proper phrasing of output as “achieved” states
Allowing group members to play roles that I usually would take
82
Group Study Theme Lecture : Population Issues
Ms. KIYOKO IKEGAMI
April 15th, 2008
Khoo May Yin
Malaysia
The Theme I - topic for part 1 section mainly discussed is on Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs) and Gender Issue. Objective focuses on understanding the roles and goals
of MDGs and what are the gender issues arising. Lecturer highlights on the question “What
is poverty?” and in what ways can we measure it. The definition of measurement is highly
subjective according to each country. Emphasize on two key words on right based
approach and result based approaches that are measurable and able to review. She
reminded us not to discriminate HIV Aids infected patients and remember the values of
human rights to accept other people.
In general, there are four ways to contacted with HIV aids such as mother and child
transmission, sexual relations nearly 80%, blood transfusion and needles for drugs sharing
needles unhygienic includes body tattoo.
Ms Ikegami also shared her experiences on other countries Pakistan and Morocco that sold
booklet on self guide on pregnancy cycle. This was something new to know that some
countries do have such information accessible to the society. Analysis high fertility rate is
aged between 15-19 years old category. Explain on the differences between the word
gender and the word sex. Is gender is a social role?
During the discussion of MDGs 8 general roles, a few issues raised my concerns in Goal 7
Ensure environmental sustainability, which Annie shared about the proportion of urban
population living in Slums at her home country, created a new awareness and reminded me
about the existence of squatter areas. I did not know that slum areas is a common site in
Philippines as nearly one quarter of the city dwellers live in such squatters. The second
issues raised and discussed about curbing or reduce biodiversity loss as some species
threaten with extinction. Sadly, not many people are aware about animal extinction in their
own home country as in general humans tend to focus on what they commonly see and not
aware of the rich biodiversity slowly depleting in our global environment. Water quality
degradation from Industrial waste and sewage discharge resulting eutrophication could
reduce sea grass biomass and threatens its communities in the coastal mangroves as a
result both the sea grass and seahorse are rapidly lost to development in Malaysia.
83
Part 2 Discussion Highlights
Topic: Role-playing on HIV/ Aids and pregnant women
2.1 Explanation
2.2 Role Play & Presentation
2.4 Summary
2.1 Explanation
Each teams of the 5 group members were divided to take play roles to form a committee
for the grant which consist of
1) Chairman from the Global Facility (Chairman)
2) Vice Minister for The Ministry of Human Health and Welfare (HHW)
3) NGO from The National Health League (NGO)
4) Country Representative by the UNFPA (UNFPA)
Each individual role is given a confidential instruction to debate on the issues of who will
administer the grant? What administrative fee will be charged and how will the funds flow
from the Global Fund through the grant administrator to national and local implementing
agencies?
This also includes how the responsibilities of implementation will be shared between
UNFPA, HHW and the NGOs’ members as each party have its own agendas.
Parties have agreed that the grant will include prevention component, as well as
interventions to aid in prolonging life to provide treatment. There are several options that
have been raised regarding the agency lead and the different roles in implementing the
specific tasks of public education, counseling and testing, targeted intervention, and
treatment. The group needs to clarify and weight the strengths and weaknesses of each
agency in regard to each of these sets of tasks.
Each team is given $30million budget and to workout on the proposal overview. Each roles
objective is to obtain as much funds as possible for their on roles. Decisions is required to
find comparative advantages among the four roles and to find out what is your role and
how to convince the other parties to allow your role to be the lead agency.
Background of the case study
It focuses on Bartola a Latin American country and since it’s liberation from Spanish rule
has gone many changes of government, including a long period of military rule. Bartola is
a democracy country currently the government is applying for a US$30 million grant from
global facility to strengthen national prevention and treatment for HIV and AIDs. The
proposal worksheet submitted by the Bartola Coordinating committee for the Grant and the
outcome of the results are in the role play and presentation by each group.
84
2.2 Role-play on HIV/AIDS (1) & Presentation
Group 1
Member consist of
The Chair = Net, HHW = Sakura, UNFPA =Annie and NGO = To.
This group has confrontation and huge debates on agreeing which member should be the
lead agency for all the projects. HHW do not agree why the grant should be shared as it is
a government’s grant project. I enjoyed the role play as this requires aggressive debates to
achieve maximizing funding without allowing other agencies to be the lead agency. It was
not easy to reach an agreeable consensus as each member strongly wishes to be the lead
agency causing the chairman in difficult decision making.
Group 2
Consist of the members of Tung, Jed, Cho and Maria
(NGO = 20%, HHW = 54% and UNFPA = 26%)
Donor is willing to give money generously. Other group members commented that the
Ministry giving too much money as they inform that UNFPA secured the finances. Gender
biasness highlighted by Su. Tung representing the HHW defended on the gender biasness
issues as more male doctors and the existence of female nurses to support the role of
insufficient female doctors. This matter was resolved during the open discussion.
Group 3 member consist of
The Chair = Nantha, HHW= Meng, NGO = Su and UNFPA =Inagaki
(HHW =39%, NGO = 30.5% and UNFPA = 30.5%)
This group’s motto is democratically divided the pie for all the roles without facing any
confrontation. The other group member highlighted that the ministry is giving too much
money allocation for other parties. UNFPA successfully hold all monies to distribute and
makes auditing but HHW wants endorsement before submitting to the Global Facility.
HHW assured that their party is not money minded and are willing to allow equally
divided percentage of the grant. Their unanimous group decision agrees that UNFPA
represents the head, HHW is the body and NGO sit the legs and hands as understanding the
logistics supports. They encouraged the strategy of win-win situation where all parties can
work in a symbiosis manner. They believe that in order for the government to run the
project smoothly it requires co-operation from other parties and their expertise as they
foresee that UNFPA does not do grassroots purchasing. Looking at bigger scale the group
agreed that UNFPA budget would be $1.2 million of the total budget.
Group 4 members consist of
The Chair = Yayuk, UNFPA =Thong, NGO = Lesley and HHW =Aey
(NHL = 42.5%, HHW = 52.5% and UNFPA = 5%)
NHL increase niche in training terms of negotiation new to add on portfolio. Lead agency
has the capacity to check and balance the records of the government bodies. This group the
NGO dominates a lot of percentage as they reflect on the grassroots levels to improve the
85
Bartola citizens. Counselling strengths on rural areas to expand level of roles. The
committee highly do not trust their government agencies as they are regarded as highly
corrupted hierarchy and concluded that government is not good at dispensing the money.
NGO representative has managed to convince the parties that they have the niche in
training terms of negotiation new to add on portfolios their approach is friendly and
applicable to approach with drug makes and once they are successfully chosen as lead
agency they will have the capacity to check and balance the government of Bartola.
Group 5 member consist of
The Chair = James, HHW = Tai, UNFPA =Hyuen and NGO = Hasegawa
(HHW 54%, UN26% and NGO 20%)
The role play for members of this group has a chairman that makes decision on logical
basis. The percentage shows a reasonable segregation toward supporting the ministry of
health. The team did not receive much comments and feedbacks. Most of the groups have
similar consensus that the HHW should obtain the majority percentage of the grant except
for group 3 as they believe in equality to allow all parties to function snoothly.
2.4 Summary
What we learned from this case study that project can be observe and implement at the
grassroots level, neighbours, a practical proposal and small scale with indicators
measurable and agreed objectives inline with the stake holders. The $30 million is given by
global facility for a project in 5 years. This money can be gone easily in 5 years as Ms
Ikegami summarises. Firstly focus on sustainability capital, require analysing who has the
capacity on this subject it doesn’t matter if it’s government and corruption. Government
agencies should legally play the main responsible role to function effectively along with
the other agencies and lastly, transparency is important as information needs to be checked,
clearly defined, lead agency roles should actively participate and stake holders has to agree
to implement activity to develop and train capacity and requires identification of capacity.
However, in reality it is not easy to reach a common consensus to obtain successful
approval to please all agencies during project budget allocation.
86
Facilitation skills
Ms. Keiko TSUBAKI
16th April and 1st May, 2008
TE PONLOEU
Cambodia
Coordinator of variety of international exchange Preograms for Centre for International
Youth Exchange. And also engaged in inboard events and programs for various cruise as a
member of mitsui Passenger Line. And Recently she teaches facilitation, communication
and presentation skills for enterprises and organizations.
The session come up with the new method that I had never practice before, the
lecture had started with divide our group into four part (Sun shine, Cloudy, rainy and
storm) the result come out with two third get cloudy because of not enough rest and
frustrated with the report of individual plain day to Nara and Kyoto and other staff, One
third in the group sun shine.
Thus, she had made a very good decision by let us rest 10 minutes every hour, then all of
us still feel fresh and could go with her till end of the day without boring.
One more thing, she had explained about “ICE BREAKING OR MELT “it is the way to
make people start to talk to each other then we can make the communication start at the
same time.
This picture shows us the activity of ICE BREAKING.
And another interested point as well is the way of managing the seat in the class in order to
let all the participants could see lecturer’s face and could have concentration while she did
a presentation for all the participants.
87
Lecturer
Participants
Participants
Participants
-Rule for communication for active listener
1- Eyes contact
2- Smile
3- Giving Response
4- Nod
5- Question
We also learn to be a facilitator by taking turn to lead the team, then give a construction
idea back to our team member, in order to improve their weak point during they play a role
as a facilitator.
Picture show the leader
Picture show the Facilitator
The lecturer also take the opportunity of tour to Nara and Kyoto that everybody just come
back and every body still interest with this visit to teach us how to facilitate everyone
feeling during their stay.
I really appreciate for this action due to I can feel that we could have interest two things at
the same time, one is we have a chance to practice the facilitation skill by assigned one of
our participant to be a facilitator and two we could share our feeling regarding the recent
tour that seem every body still keep on thinking about this in mind.
After this Group study, I can observe that all the participants seem have clear picture
regarding the term Facilitation.
88
Knowing how to be a good facilitator and more tactic in leading the group discussion such
as ice breaking, control the trouble maker, having rest time between the discussion, more
confident to be a facilitator, the difference between facilitator and the leader, the role of
participants in the group discussion not only facilitator that play an important role but
participants also play an crucial role in making the discussion more fruitful, and we learn
to accept the variety of idea from other participant, select the best idea among the idea that
we got from the brainstorm and so on.
In conclusion, I could sum up that all the activities and games that we play it was related to
the facilitation skill and facilitation skill is really important because of without this skill we
can not get fruitful ideas, many people participate to solve the problem, feel they get
involve with the solution, could work and live together in peaceful way.
89
PROJECT TITLE
‘Our Village, Our Product, Our Pride’
A Project Proposal to Respond to the Adverse Effects of Migration in
the ASEAN Region through Local Income Generation from Coconut
Production and Coconut derived handicraft products in Kabupaten
Alor, Indonesia
Group A
:
ROKUNIN NO HARMONY
Group members
Te Ponloeu (Meng)
Cambodia
Maria Taslim (Maria)
Indonesia
Kumi Shibuya (Kumi)
Japan
Cho Thiri Maung (Cho)
Myanmar
Gomez José Edgardo, Jr. Abaya (Jed)
Philippines
Suraya Binte Ya’akub (Su)
Singapore
Nguyen Thanh Tung (Tung)
Vietnam
90
CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.
Background & Introduction
2.
Analysis : SWOT
3.
Framework
A. Macro –goal setting & proposed general activities
B. From Macro to Micro : From Project Activities for OVO-POP
C. Logical Framework
4. Solutions Applied to Specific Country Context
4.1 Project Pilot Site and Rationale for Indonesia
4.2 Feasibility of the Chosen Site
4.3 Detailing and Focus on the Elements of the Macro Goal Structure
4.4 Proposed Activities
4.5 Promoting Agriculture and Related Industries in Rural Areas as a Means
to Discourage Migration
4.6 General Methodology and Approaches of the Project: Our Village, Our
Product, Our Pride
4.7 Project Details
4.8 Proposed Project Organization : PHASE 1
4.9 Proposed Estimated Project Budget
4.10 Monitoring and Evaluation Framework
4.11 Monitoring Table
4.12 Evaluation Table
4.13 Emphasis on Project Sustainability
5. Conclusion
5.1 Review of Project
5.2 Critical Success Factors
5.3 Looking Forward
6. Post Script
91
A Project Proposal to Respond to the Adverse Effects of Migration in the
ASEAN Region through Local Income Generation from Coconut Production
and Coconut derived handicraft products in Kabupaten Alor, Indonesia
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Among the more significant population issues in Southeast Asia today, migration
immediately comes to mind as one of the more pressing concerns of governments and
society at large. Migration affects people on a micro as well as a macro level, as it
involves the movement of labor and brainpower often from rural to urban regions, across
natural and political borders, and from poorer nations to wealthier ones. There are both
intended and unintended effects, with negative externalities such as unbalanced growth
among the graver issues that policy makers have been trying to solve.
Among ASEAN countries, the most populous nation, Indonesia, also faces highly
representative migration problems. In particular, there is an overconcentration of people
and development in the capital city, Jakarta, which the government has been trying to
relieve by dispersing settlers to the more remote eastern areas of the state, where they come
into conflict with the original native. But these migrants or their forefathers would not
have come to big cities like Jakarta in the first place if there had been enough livelihood
opportunities and reasons to stay in villages that could be developed into healthy places—
the kind one would like to go home to.
This project recognizes this essential opportunity to reduce or stop migration of people
away from their home villages or home countries by improving local conditions. This
project proposal thus seeks to strike at the “push factors” of migration in a less-developed
region of Indonesia, by immediately training people to utilize a readily available resource:
the coconut tree. This proposal hopes to introduce income-generation at a very basic level,
which will have a multiplier effect on people, and encourage them to build local
enterprises. In so doing, the project also hopes to build local “pride in place”, and foster a
sense of belonging that will prevent unnecessary migration.
1. Background and Project evaluation:
Population Dynamics and Migration in Southeast Asia
The term “population” covers a variety of topics. Several broad areas are most
commonly associated with the growth, movement, and decline of populations. There are
reproductive, maternal, and sexual health issues. One also talks about public health
services, trends in births and deaths, environmental impact, education, and ultimately
migration. These determine population issues and frequently have an impact on
development, economic growth and other sectors. The world is presently facing a lot of
problems related to population issues. One of the most pressing issues is migration,
because the globalizing world tends to impose hardships on people who are looking for a
better position in their societies. Many people also migrate outside their countries in
92
response to the promise of better job opportunities and quality of life. In the pertinent
literature, these reasons are often called “push” factors and “pull factors. Currently, in
response to such factors, about 191 million people worldwide live outside their countries,
according to the International Migration Organization (2008).
Migration, in general for employment, is an important global issues, which
currently affects most countries in the world. Two major labor market forces are in
operation that result in increased migration for work – many people of working age either
cannot find employment or cannot find employment adequate to support themselves and
their families in their own countries, while other countries have a shortage of workers to
fill positions in various sectors of their economies. Other related factors include
demographic change, socio-economic and political crises, and widening wage gaps within,
as well as between, developed and developing countries. There is consequently much
movement across borders for employment, with women independently migrating for work
in considerably greater numbers than in the past and now comprising about half of all
migrant workers. Special attention should be given to the multiple disadvantages and
discrimination often faced by migrant workers on the basis of gender, race and migrant
status.
Migration can contribute to the economic development of both the host country
and the country of origin. Migration can have significant benefits for global economic
welfare. When migrant workers move between differently-endowed countries (e. g. from a
country where there are large labor surpluses in one sector to another where there are labor
shortages in that sector), that movement can enhance economic conditions in both sender
and receiver countries. Migration can also have significant economic benefits for
developed countries. Given the preferences of the resident workforce in developed
countries, migrant workers are likely to fill vacancies in the so-called dirty, dangerous and
difficult jobs. In the medium term, industries in developed countries that face critical
vacancies can benefit from tapping into excess labor supplies from developing countries.
Movement from poorer to richer countries can have an adverse economic impact on a
sender country. As the flows leads to a drain of highly skilled people from developing
country, the ability of those countries to develop may be compromised. The absence of
these key workers hampers the ability (‘brain drain’) of these countries to come up with
homegrown solutions to their problems. When those migrants move and contribute instead
to economic dynamism in destination countries, there is a risk that migration can widen the
gap between richer and poorer countries. Other effects of migration are listed in Table 1.
As home to 57.7 percent of the current world population Asia must loom large in
any discussion of global migration. Although international migration has a long history in
Asia, in recent years it has acquired an unprecedented scale, diversity and significance.
Many Asian nations are developing international migration policies, but much of this has
not been informed by high quality research relating to the causes and effects of migration.
Countries in the region are now influenced to some degree by international migration
although the nature and level of that impact varies greatly. International migration is a
topic of unprecedented interest in the region. Newspapers and other media report on it
daily, and the issue is constantly in the public consciousness.
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TABLE 1: OTHER EFFECTS OF MIGRATION
POSITIVE
NEGATIVE
Loss of highly skilled workers and
May ease effect on domestic market
reduced quality of essential services.
by reducing supply of excess labor and
unemployment.
Reduced growth and productivity
because of the lower stock of highly
Technology, investment and venture
capital are invested back in host country as a skilled workers.
long-term result of diaspora.
Lower return from public investments in
public education.
Can contribute to increased trade flow
between sender and receiver countries.
Selective migration may cause
increasing disparities between incomes in
Stimulus to investment in domestic
the
education and individual human capital
home country.
investment.
Return of skilled workers may increase
local human capital, transfer of skills and
links to foreign networks.
Loss of fiscal revenue from taxation of
workers.
Remittances may diminish over time.
Inflationary potential of remittances,
especially in real estate, in some areas.
A ‘culture’ of migration; disincentives to
invest locally.
Domestic unemployment and underemployment situations prompt many young
people to move from rural to urban areas, or from distant provinces to the “big city” in
incessant waves of internal migration. Taking this a step further, the more educated or
aggressive job seekers—many of them women in the cities, also try to find work in
wealthier neighboring countries. ASEAN is now a region with a high percentage of labor
migration. Migrants move and work outside with short-term contracts and short-term visas,
but may remain to work illegally. A large number of migrants come from the Philippines,
Indonesia and Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and their final destinations are usually developed
countries like Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and Hong Kong in China. Due to the effects
of migration, ASEAN countries are now developing at different rates, while struggling to
improve their legal system’s limited protection for overseas workers. Representative
situations of selected countries are presented below:
Vietnam: Migration and Trafficking of Humans
Migration is by no means a new phenomenon to the Vietnamese. In the north, migrant communities
settled along the river banks and enlarged areas of the Red River Delta. The lack of agricultural
lands in north Vietnam and the central coast’s unsuitability for paddy rice cultivation were the main
reasons for the southward migration. Like spreading oil, migrants built up new villages located only
miles away from their home areas. This process was repeated again and again over time in the lowlands of historical Vietnam .
94
International migration has increased significantly recently as well. Vietnam’s labor export policy
started in the 1980s and is marked by three waves. The first and second waves were directed
primarily to Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. The third wave began in 1994, with East Asia
becoming the main destination for contracts. Taiwan and Malaysia are currently the major
destinations followed by South Korea and Japan. The opening of borders between Vietnam and
Cambodia, Laos and China is linked to the growing problem of migration and human trafficking in
the region. There is limited information on the number of forced migrants and people trafficked,
especially women and children. In some instances, what was intended as voluntary labor or marriage
migration has ended up in some form of sexual exploitation.
Philippines: Underemployment and the Search for Livelihood Abroad
Migration in the Philippines has been historically driven by low local wages for most people (a push
factor) and simultaneously encouraged by the promise of better incomes and standards of living in
developed countries. The Philippines generally exports an educated work force, with most
individuals having finished at least high school, and able to understand, if not speak English. It is
not uncommon for migrants to set out with an intention to return soon, yet they may spend most of
their productive lives abroad. The trouble arises when Filipino men are subject to dangerous
working conditions (mining, engineering in inhospitable terrain), and when Filipino women are
subject to physical and sexual abuse by their employers, the former often working as domestic
helpers or entertainers. Currently, the Philippine government has partially succeeded in attempts to
protect departing workers by protecting adequate pre-travel information and warnings, but the sheer
number of job-seekers burdening the system often leaves many migrants out on their own with little
idea of how to seek legal, financial, or psychological aid when they encounter difficult situations
abroad.
Indonesia:
Indonesia ranked as the 4th most populated country in the world with various ethnic groups and
cultural diversity. Java island being the most populated island in Indonesia has almost 75% of
Indonesia population. It has led to migration as a trend in the internal and external context.
Furthermore, Indonesia, despite improvements in the economic sector for the past year, remains a
poor country with a GNP per capita of about U$670 in 1994 (Source :World Bank). It encourages
the search for a better life in other places.
Locally, Indonesia’s uneven population density has led the transmigration, normalization, and a
resettlement program, being promoted by Indonesia’s government to solve the problems. Diverse
cultural backgrounds and ethnicity has created another social problem in which the government
plays a very minor role to counter the problem arising from their program. The Government has
been too late in acting and building moral authority with local populations which creates ethnic,
religious conflicts (SARA). The result is the and indigenous population faces violence as IDPs
(Internally Displacement Persons). The IDPs are also forced to migrate to cities to avoid the disputes
or war in their area, which repeats the vicious cycle of migration. New settlers fight wars with local
prominent people/group while minority locals flee from their homelands.
In 1980, there was an explosion of international migration in Indonesia. This was mainly contributed
by the government during the Suharto era, when Indonesia promoted international labor migration to
handle the issue of large population and labor surplus in Java. There is also a shift from the
agricultural industry in which the government program of BIMAS-INMAS has brought changed
from human labor to mechanical labor. Another factor is the introduction of Dharma Wanita which
focuses on the role of woman as the ones who nurture and support family. In order to support their
family in their unemployed state, women often sacrifice themselves and become migrant workers in
95
other countries. In this matter, as they are low-skilled workers with low education, it creates new
problems of human trafficking.
Local Decisions Affect Migration
Beneath all these figures and movements, we must remember that the decision to
migrate begins at the community level, with real individuals who experience real pressures
to survive and to sustain their families. Often, such a decision involves the difficulty of
separation from family, and familiar surroundings that unfortunately cannot provide an
adequate means of livelihood.
This proposal recognizes this reality, and the essential driving factor that the
community represents. A community that has little to offer in terms of education, healthy
living, a stimulating environment, and ample livelihood to raise a family will tend to drive
away its more promising youth—especially when the “bright lights, big city” phenomenon
happens and metropolitan areas like the capitals of other countries lure them away. On the
other hand, when hometowns give people little reason to depart—except for the most
adventurous, then there is a good chance that they will remain and contribute to local
development. This is the observation and premise of this proposal. If local talent can be
used locally and channeled towards rapid economic and sociopolitical growth, then this
will alleviate many of the problems associated with migration, as cited in the accounts
above.
Focus of this Proposal
This proposal advances the idea that the population problems of Southeast Asia
can be tackled from the grassroots levels. Specifically at the local level, small efforts can
be made—and if successful, duplicated, to encourage more inward-looking activities that
help to build the community, and make it a better place to live and work in. Another more
practical reason for having chosen this line of development was the given mix of talents of
the team of authors. The core knowledge and interests contributed by the members helped
to contribute to the final direction.
2. Analysis
Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities and Threats
Initially the team that prepared this proposal made a general SWOT assessment of the
effects of migration on both sender and receiver countries. The results below indicate that
there can be positive effects, which may be encouraged, but there are negative ones as well,
some of which will be the targets of this proposal.
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ASPECT
Political
Economic
Socio-cultural
Strengths
- new technology
is learned and
brought in by
learners
- government
makes laws to
protect people
- increased
income to sender
country
Weaknesses
- instability in
sender country
- strained
diplomatic
relations over
political issues
Opportunities
- new governance
system
- more serious
voters
Threats
- swing voters
- increased
immigration
- sender countries
lose revenue from
taxes
- opportunity for
cross-cultural
commerce
- cultural
diversity enriched
- differences of
good ideas shared
- absence of
parents leaves
family vulnerable
- national identity
formation and
maintenance may
slow down
- workers can bring
more skills to their
home country
- families may
follow to receiver
country and enjoy a
better life
- economic
dependence on
remittances and
impositions of
receiver
countries
- in case of
disability,
workers become
burden to sender
and receiver
states
- racism
A Deeper Analysis: Tracing Chains of Causality
Lack of livelihood/ earning
opportunities in local areas.
Lack of supportive local
environment: health, selffulfillment, freedom of
expression and association.
Promise of higher income
and better or safer living in
big cities or in other states
Local sender areas may
stagnate or show slow
development too.
Movement to
bigger cities, or to
other countries
where wages/
salaries are higher
and standards of
living are better.
Sender
countries’
social and
cultural
growth is
slow,
especially
facing
globalization.
Individuals earn more
and may enjoy better
living conditions.
Families of migrants
may be split
temporarily or
permanently.
Receiver countries
gain economically
from labor and brain
power, while sender
countries may gain
from remittances and
some knowledge
passed back.
Sender countries lose
labor and brainpower
for local , social and
economic
development.
These are the areas that a development program—even if small-scale, can effectively
address. The authors’ analysis can be divided as follows:
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(1) Unrealistic, incomplete, or false information available to potential migrants - often
the cause of problems that could end in tragedy; many young people leave the comfort of
home and family in pursuit of promises of high pay and better living conditions that turn
out to be untrue or far below expectations. Conditions are worsened when the migrant has
no support network, few resources, and no knowledge of the language and culture of the
receiver country.
(2) Slow or absent local government support activities – health, livelihood (job) training,
and other basic support systems may be lacking, irregularly available, or substandard in
many areas. This situation may tend to drive away more upwardly-mobile labor in search
of better quality of life for their families. When considered vis-à-vis other areas with more
attractive amenities, it then tends to push migration.
(3) Lack of a memorable hometown concept – in order to stay, or to want to return soon
to one’s community requires grounding in rich and fulfilling human experience. The lack
of sensory richness in an environment that contributes to happy childhoods, diverse and
healthy human relationships, and spatial identity can lead to depopulation when migrants
do not feel that “home is worth returning to”.
Therefore, here is a confluence of push factors that together act to encourage emigration of
talented and adventurous labor from the poorer and more strife-torn regions of Southeast
Asia to the wealthier or more stable ones.
The Human Side: First-Person Accounts of Migration from the Authors
Maria, from Indonesia – Indonesia has been experiencing internal migration problems in the
recent past due to conflicts between newcomers and recipient communities. Often, conflicts
revolve around religious differences (Muslims vs. Christians) or resource use. The central
government is slow to intervene, as it is actually encouraging decongestion of overcrowded
Java island by moving people to the less-populated regions of Indonesia. As a result, interisland and intra-island social strife is mounting in certain areas, and there is a clamor for the
government to be more active in managing migration within Indonesia.
Meng, from Cambodia – in Cambodia, many workers migrate temporarily to other countries to
improve their wage-earning conditions, but may return in their old age, or when sick and
disabled to the same poor conditions that prevent them from being gainfully employed.
Cho, from Myanmar – Migration from Myanmar into neighboring countries has been increasing
over the past decade. Myanmar people move abroad for employment, study, family
reunification, or other personal factors. One of the greatest causes for migration is the pull of
higher wages outside of the country. In this case, high levels of unemployment and poverty in
Myanmar act as push factors in the decision to migrate. Networks of friends and relatives
already working in destination countries serve as sources of information and anchor
communities for newcomers. Now, the big issue in Myanmar is cross-border migration and
migrants may be classified under 5 major categories: settlers (who seek permanent residence in
the host country); contract workers (mainly manual laborers or semi-skilled workers, usually
from a less developed country, temporarily residing for a “predetermined length of stay”);
professionals (highly mobile due to special skills and higher educational qualifications who
often opt to become settlers); illegal migrants (entering illegally or breaching original terms of
entry); and refugees and asylum seekers (fleeing from persecution or conflict situations and
may have entered the host country with or without proper documentation).
98
3. Frameworks and Structures
From the figure below we can see how possible activities on the ground can have a direct
impact on the quality of life at the local level, thus reducing the negative factors that drive
away talented and productive persons from their communities and home countries, and
Ultimately reducing migration-related population problems. There are of course, many
other activities and output, but this figure attempts to show some of the higher-impact
activities that encourage local development and “pride in place”.
3.1 Macro-Goal Setting and Proposed General Activities
Super
Goal
Overall Goal
Project Purpose
Outputs (with
objectives,
discussed and
expanded later
in this paper)
Activities
All families in a
given LGU
have a basic
nutrition and
primary health.
OBJ1:
Improve
primary
health care.
Produce
healthy food
supplements
in backyards
and idle lands
in the
community.
Reduce the ill effects
of population
migration.
Remove Local “Push” Factors that
make home regions unattractive
or inhospitable.
To build local “pride in place” that encourages people to
stay and contribute to hometown growth.
Community is a
happy place for
early childhood.
At least 51% of local
productive population
(18-65 years old) is
employed in the
community, or within 1
hour’s commuting
distance.
(Philosophy: a place
that was fun to grow
up in is a place that
people will return
to.)
OBJ3: Increase
income.
OBJ2: Improve
growing,
nurturing
environment.
Construct
spaces for
play and
for
elementary
school field
trips.
99
Provide
real-time
information
about
livelihood
programs
of government or
NGOs.
Increase
income by
promoting a
local product
using “Our
Village, Our
Product, Our
Pride” project.
3.2. From Macro to Micro: From Project to Activities for OVO-POP
Project Goal (from Output 3/ Objective 3
of the Macro Goal Framework): To
Increase Income by promoting various
coconut-based industries.
Our Village, Our Product, Our
Pride (OVO-POP) Project
Capacity building
Definition:
Education,
Life skills,
Information
Technical Support
Definition: planting
methods with
effective tools and
machinery
Financial Support
Definition: provision
of money to start &
sustenance
Community building
Definition : to build
community pride and
sense of belonging
Participants &
target groups :
villagers & village
headman
NGOs e.g. voluntary
Service Overseas
Industrial cluster
experts
Participants and
target
groups
- Villagers & village
headman
industrial clusters
- Experts in coconut
plantation from
overseas e,g the
Philippines, The
Celebes Coconut
Corporation to
provide better
seeds, seedlings
Participants &
target groups
- villagers & village
headman, industrial
clusters, NGOs
Participants &
target groups
- villagers, village
headman, NGOs
Activities
- attend talks with
freebies by the
industrial
cluster experts
- educate the young
about the
prospects of
the coconut
‘Coco-Educ’
- NGOs to role model
through
planting and
producing
products
- Village head to lead
the movement
and be a good
role model of
knowledge
gathering and
information
Activities to start up
finances, funds in
cash and kind
- Industrial and
Corporation
to provide loan,
grants,
microcredit to start up
- NGO’s to assist in
fund
raising and
donations. e.g.
World Vision
International,
Save The Children
US etc.
- Villagers contribute
to one
common basket of
funds and take turns
to borrow
Activities
-Industrial clusters to
provide tools,
seedlings &
machines to start.
-Internship programs
for locals to work in
industries
-Tool & machine
workshops
100
Activities
- Self help groups to
initiate proposal and
action plans. - - best plan is
rewarded with funds
from NGOs
- Annual festivals
like the Best
Coconut Tree,
- Religious
associations to
promote coconut
education
3.3. Logical Framework
Logframe (refer to goal setting tree above)
Project Summary
Objectively
Means of
Verifiable
Verification
Indicator
Substantial
Check national
Overall Goal
reduction in
statistics on oneemigration of
way departures
working-age
and long stays
population from the abroad of citizens.
rural or lessdeveloped areas of
Indonesia to the big
cities like Jakarta.
Increase in quantity
Check local census
Project
of productive
local persons
Purpose
population
employed from
remaining in
year to year; and
hometown that
check against
enjoys decent living quality of life
conditions.
standards
Incidence of
Check local police
Output
Unemployment, and station, health
count of “returnees” centers, and the
city hall
employment list.
Do on-site
(Possible/
No. of
inspection.
Suggested)
intergroup
Check government
Activities
community
offices and public
dialogues.
display places for
No. native
updated
Alorese
information.
employed in
local handicraft
industry (e.g.
coconuts)
No. of original
families
remaining in
Alor.
No. of native
Alorese with
skills and
knowledge
about local
coconut
production.
101
Important
Assumption/s
A census is
conducted regularly,
or some other
baseline data is
available.
Figures are regularly
updated and verified
by local authorities.
There are enough
personnel and funds
to accomplish these
activities.
4. Solutions Applied to Specific Country Context:
Desa Kami, Produk Kami, Kebangaan Kami. (Our Village, Our Product, Our Pride)
4.1 Project Pilot Site and Rationale for Indonesia
The group that prepared this study decided to apply the results of its research on migration
to the population problems of Indonesia, because of the magnitude and diversity of this
country’s population and its impact on resources that affect the entire region. In particular,
the group chose the province of Nusa Tenggara Timur, and the island of Alor, in the Alor
Regency (Kabupaten Alor) of central Indonesia, east of Flores, south of Sulawesi, and
north of Timor L’este.
A well-planned and implemented population project for Alor would be expected to
contribute significantly to population management, as it would strikes at some fundamental
causes of migration: push factors relating to lack of job opportunities, lack of basic primary
health care and nutrition, and vibrant local (kampung-level) identity. The rationale of
focusing efforts to encourage people to remain and work in the rural areas may at first
seem contrary to the Jakarta government’s drive to disperse people from big cities across
the archipelago. However, on closer examination, the logic becomes clear: if people had
not left the rural areas for Jakarta in the first place, then there would be no need to move
them out and cause displacement problems with unprepared receiving communities. This
project therefore attempts to address the population problems of Indonesia by addressing
local needs at a very basic and simple level—by creating reasons to stay in the rural areas.
Indonesian Internal Migration Scenario
“PUSH” – unhealthy
or unhappy, and
poor home village
This Proposal –
remove “push” and
improve rural village
conditions,
specifically by
generating and
improving income
from local
agriculture, such as
coconut farms.
Migration to big cities
like Jakarta, which
rapidly urbanize and
become congested.
Scattering of
internally-displaced
persons (IDPs)
throughout Indonesia,
causing backmigration to crowded
cities.
102
Forced or strongly
encouraged remigration outwards of
mixed urban dwellers
to rural areas with
sparse, unprepared
populations.
Conflict between
receiving community
and immigrants over
jobs, religion, living
space, consumption of
common resources,
etc.
4.2 General Feasibility of the Chosen Site
In general, the East Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia, in which Alor is located, is one
of the more appropriate sites for the implementation of the pilot project because it has an
economy weaker than the Indonesian average, with high inflation (up to 15%),
unemployment (up to 30%),and interest rates (up to 22%). At the same time, however, the
province still has an intact resource base of vegetation, minerals, and coastal resources.
Thus economically, this province has untapped potential, especially for production and
trade of agriculture products like coconut.
Socially, East Nusa Tenggara also has some homogeneity of local culture with a
population of 4,260,294, divided into the following sects: Catholic (53,9%), Protestant
(33,8%), Islam (8,8%), Other (3,5%). It has received many refugees fleeing from the
recent religious riots in Maluku.
Politically, this area enjoys a degree of self-governance apart from the dictates of Jakarta’s
central government, as it has historically enjoyed a cohesive identity. The proximity to the
new nation of East Timor should also be noted, as this may open opportunities for interisland trade with local industries in Alor.
Other sites were considered—notably Maluku and Sulawesi, but the former still has an
unstable peace and order situation and the latter appeared to be less in need than the
Kabupaten Alor.
4.3 Detailing and Focus on the Elements of the Micro Goal Structure
In order to make the proposal more focused and grounded in the realities of Indonesia, the
authors have taken earlier frameworks and adapted them to the particular givens of Alor
island. The group chose to further focus on Objective 3: Increasing Income for the natives
of Alor.
Overall Local Level Goal
Project Purpose & Main Strategy
Increase income for a majority of the
locals population in Kabupatan Alor.
Establish a Coconut-Based Local Industry in a Pilot Site
in Kabupaten Alor, Indonesia, using the high-value
Makapuno variety from the Philippines
Activity Clusters
Initiate community
building activities
Provide
capacity building planting skills
- processing skills
Do financial
management
& marketing.
Phase 2 to do
advanced production
and design with wider
networks
Set up a
common fund.
Contract with Agri.
Department or
University
of the Philippines at
Los Baños for
seedling importation
Specific, Immediate
Activities
Hire trainers &
purchase tools and
writing materials.
Elect leadership
& board
Find
office to
Product design for
handicrafts.
Hold a coconut
festival.
Get information and support
from LGUs & industrial
103
4.4 Proposed Activities
ACTIVITY 1
ACTIVITY 2
ACTIVITY 3
Meet the Villagers
- Initial meeting with
village head/LGU
e.g. food for work
- Subsequent meeting @
Common Hall
- Participants: 20 Village
Heads, NGOs, LGU,
Industrial experts
Capacity-Building
- Effective, productive,
planting skill
- Participants : Local
Agriculture experts, Village
heads
- Method: Request support
from local agricultural Dept.
to train Village Head and
farmer association
y Duration: 1 day
y Content : How to
plant effectively
and productively
e.g. by using poster
Coconut Festival
Participants :
y Invite Local
officials, ASEAN
Network
y Industrial cluster
eg. SME
y Mass Media
y Villagers
Methods
y Media: Invitation
cards , Advertising
Poster, Word of
mouth,Website
y Event management
- organizing events
Processing Skill
- Food processing: coconut
oil, jam, nata de coco,
- Method : request assistance
from experts to teach & train
Village heads which in turn
train villagers
- Handicraft Processing:
Weaving
- By product: erosion,
broomstick, charcoal from
coco fibre
- Methodology: Multiplier
effect TOT, cooking class
- Content: How to make
products from coconut
Fund Raising –
Cash or Kind
- sponsorship booths bought
by industrial clusters
Duration: Planning starts 6
months before project ends
Execution: 2 days
Duration: 7 days
Method: Multiplier effect
Content :
y What is Coconut?
y Benefit, Gains
y Who are we?
y What can we do to
help you?
This is easily defended as the most practical and identifiable choice of intervention, as it
will provide a tangible resource that strikes at the root of migration problems: money.
4.5 Promoting Agriculture and Related Industries in Rural Areas as a Means to
Discourage Migration
The literature on rural planning and agriculture (from the lecture) Professor Shigeru
Fukushima, May 2008 IATSS Forum) shows us that there is indeed a value chain that
would allow this proposal to attain realistic economic linkage with other areas. Consider
this diagram, modified slightly from its original:
104
Regional Benefits
Retail and Wholesale
Consumers
Primary Industry
Agriculture
- Local specialty
- Coconut products
(safe & secure) for local
consumption
Secondary Industry
Food Processing
Handicrafts and
Woven Products
- Refined Local
Specialties
- Product Qualified for
national consumption
Tertiary Industry
Green Tourism
Education
Retail/
Restaurant
Training and Investment from the OVOPOP program, with focus on
coconut. (Self-Reliance Driven) = Enrichment of local culture,
stimulation of local economy.
4.6 General Methodology and Approaches of the Project: Our Village, Our Product,
Our Pride
The authors’ team chose to focus on generation of income
as the priority and first phase of this project. In accordance
with this, the project will seek to activate human resources
and funding at the local level by involving community
leaders, local government officials, local industry, and
other similar players.
The choice of the coconut (cocos nucifera) as the
agricultural base product of this project were obvious:
Indonesia is one of the leading world coconut producers. It
is also a tropical country where coconuts are plentiful,
while weather and soil conditions are appropriate for the
cultivation of this tree in large numbers. If the project is successful, a more experimental
Phase 2 is envisioned that would use the high-yielding Philippine makapuno variety. This
type will be planted, harvested and used in manufacturing of products, as it has sweeter
flesh for use in sweetened foodstuffs.
105
4.7 Project Details
PROJECT ASPECT
Direct Project
Beneficiaries
PROPOSED VALUE
Population of
Kabupaten Alor
(Alor Regency)
External/Secondary
Beneficiaries
Congested urban areas
like Jakarta, which are
receiving migrants.
Local Income
Generation/ Livelihood
Activities
Kabupaten Alor
2 Years
Phase 1 – Initial
Planting and Skills
Training
Phase 2 – Advanced
Handicraft Design and
Sale to Larger Markets
US$73,040
Project Type
Project Location
Project Duration
Project Phases
Estimated Total Project
Cost
Funding Source
Project Implementers
Partner Organizations
Project Structure
Economic Sector Affected
Project Interim Outputs
Project Output
RATIONALE/ NOTES
177,000 people
Initial start with 20
Village heads and their
villagers
Including
components
other
Initial Phase
Refer to budget. (From
Industrial Partners &
Donors)
Local Industry
Contributors in
Partnership with Local
Government
Rokunin-no-Harmony
With
support
from
with support from local Philippines
agri.
government, industrial Consultants, if necessary
partners and a Project
Management Board
Local AgricultureOriented NGOs & local
government agricultural
bodies
Multi-sectoral Project
Management Board and
Other Local Volunteers
Primary/ Secondary
Capacity-Building
Increased
Household
Income
106
4.8 Proposed Project Organisation : PHASE 1
Organizational Structure
Phase 1
Rokunin no Harmony
(Civil Society
Organization)/
Board of Advisors
Local Government
Project Director
Finance and
Admin officer
Training officer
(Local
Agricultural
Expert)
Technical
Managers
(Industrial
Expert)
Marketing &
Distribution
Officers
In order to implement the project, local talent and leadership will be organized in a
committee. Guidance will be provided by the authors of this proposal, Rokunin-noHarmony, a civil-society organization whose talents are focused on capacity-building and
training.
4.9 Proposed Estimated Project Budget
ESTIMATED BUDGET
Expenses
1. Human Resources
a)Salaries (assumed 2
years )
Project Director
Administrative staff
Logistics driver
b)Stipend / Allowances
participants
Industrial experts
Unit
No.
of
units
Unit rate
Costs
in USD
In USD
1
2
1
1000
500
100
24000
12000
2400
20
2
20
50
1600
400
per
month
24
100
2400
per
month
per
24
24
200
100
4800
2400
1
2
1
per trip
(4
sessions)
2. Logistics
a) Transportation & fuel
3. Equipment and Supplies
a) Planting supplies
c) Office supplies
107
month
4. Office rent
b) Office space rent
5. Marketing & Promotion
a) Food & Fruit festivals
b) Media commercials
c) Marketing team
6. Other costs and
supplies
a) Training materials
b) Research & Survey
toolkits
c) Monitoring & Eval. toolkits
d) Food & Beverage
per
month
24
50
per
campaign
1200
5,000
per year
5
200
1000
per 3
months
8
250
2000
24
200
4800
24
100
2400
per
month
per
month
SUB TOTAL
66,400
CONTINGENCY (10%)
6,640
73,040
TOTAL
4.10 Monitoring and Evaluation Framework
As a final element, the structure and success of the project would incorporate a
basic Monitoring and Evaluation framework and activities that could provide useful
real-time feedback to implementers, the beneficiaries, the fund providers, and the
larger community. Project management should note details of this framework:
Monitoring of the total execution would be based on the schedule and budget
plan of the project, versus actual quality, quantity and timing of promised
performance.
Meeting would be held every month to review the progress, although this may
be made less frequent, depending on the aspect to be examined.
Corrective measures would be taken for any delay with regard to time and
budget, as well as for other concerns (resource delivery, personnel, etc.)
If necessary, additional monitoring and evaluation tools would be developed to
assess unforeseen aspects of the project or externalities that would be generated
during implementation.
108
4.11 Monitoring table
Activities
When
Capacity
Building
Community
Building
Community
building
What
-Right after
training
-Quarterly
Who
How
- No. farmer
trained or
undergoing
training
- Quality product
inspection
Meetings : 4 times Attendance of
a year
village headmen,
- Local
committee
- Agricultural
& Industrial
experts
-Survey (Interview,
Questionnaires)
(Checklists,
observation)
Local
committee
Attendance
checklist
Coconut festival
- end of 2 year
project period
Local
committee
Ticket sales
Attendance of
locals and
outsiders
4.12 Evaluation table
Activities
When
Capacity
- Mid-term
Building
-Final
-Post-project
What
Who
-Percentage of - Local
population
committee
clearly trained - Agricultural
& Industrial
experts
Community -Final (Quantity) -Increase in
- Local
building
-Post project
quality product committee
(Quality,
- Agricultural
Maintenance- 3S)
& Industrial
experts
Community -Mid-term
-Participation -Local
Building
-Final
rate in festivals committee
-Post-project
or other events - local
-No. of original government
family in the
village living
and working
109
How
-Professional
Assessment
Tables
-Population
survey or
checklist
- Interviews
- ticket sales
Monitoring aspects (annual):
a. Administrative Concerns (Facilities and Logistics)
b. Execution progress
c. Financial Management and Policy (budget, expenses, savings,
collectibles, etc.)
d. Curriculum Applicability and Training Development
Evaluation aspects (project completion and post-project outcome):
a. Impacts on Retention of Productive Labor/Talents in the
Community.
b. Checking for Externalities (positive/negative side effects)
c. Learning of the Community for Self-Motivated Activities
Monitoring and Evaluation Tools and Activities:
a. Periodical progress or performance reports and reviews
b. Survey sheets and Key Informant Interview
c. Focused group discussion among on-site project coordinator,
community leaders, Farmer’s union, Cooperative Association
and representatives of the target beneficiary group
d. Checkpoint meetings with representatives of the community for
feedback
e. Interviews with the members of target groups
f. Filed project documents and reports for further reference and
auditing.
4.13 Emphasis on Project Sustainability – As the project progresses, it should be
emphasized here that efforts will be directed to empower the local community so that the
production of coconuts and derivative products become an essentially self-driven activity
that a majority of the community can willingly and skillfully participate in. The intention
is to eventually change the composition of the project management board so that the
outsourced consultants and national officials are replaced by village leaders and talented
local people.
In addition, training of implementers will have to include modules on sustainable
development and planning of environmentally-sensitive activities that will allow rural
communities to retain their green qualities. Such modules may include anything from
information campaigns to clean-ups and basic recycling drives.
110
5. Conclusion
5.1 Review of Project - Summarizing the main points of this proposal, the authors
envision the project to have significant impact at the local level, especially by providing
incentives such as new sources of income and availability of basic primary health care
goods and services. At the same time, the project attempts to reduce disincentives by
reducing unemployment and improving quality of life.
5.2 Critical Success Factors
Change in the mindset of local people so that they return to their homes and settle back
in their community (Our Village, Our Product, Our Pride).
Presence of strongly built linkages with community to participate in the project
effectively.
Effective marketing and advertising schemes.
Access to and evaluation of the existing model in order to match factors with the needs
of the target group.
Acceptance and adoption of the suggestions from the local community in order to
continuously get contributions from them.
5.3 Looking Forward
Once approved, the implementing agency and civil society members involved in the
project would have to establish their network and secure the necessary documents and
legalities to run the project. The following next steps may be considered:
1. Finalization of project design and selection of a pilot project site in Alor.
2. Drafting and signing of contracts between producers and consumers.
3. Importation of initial seedlings for the first cropping and as root genetic stock.
VI. Postscript
‘Rokunin no Harmony, or harmony within six members of the group as a civil society
organization, is the objective of the group. Our first facilitator did well in setting the
ground rules of discussion and brainstorming. We started with three main ideas, migration,
early childhood and basic health care. Through consensus, we agreed on migration in
Indonesia. The group went through positively turbulent times to narrow the theme. At
each presentation, we faced many questions about our group’s objectives and activities to
complement them. We tried to stay positive and make amendmemt to the comments.
However, we did reach a breaking point. We could not agree on the project location. It
took some time to individually reflect on our group dynamics before we could propel to
ward our direction again. The last few meetings were fruitful as everyone geared up to
finish the task. The group has learned that self empowerment is the best way to make
changes.
111
Facilitation skills were important as these determined the mood of the group. Such skills
were more conducive when the group was light-hearted and focused. However, sometimes
being too light-hearted caused the group to digress. Therefore, some facilitators were
effective in bringing the group back on track or someone in the group would remind the
rest to keep on track. To get members to agree on a cohesive idea has been a challenging
task.
At the end of the day, harmony within the group has been achieved through mutual
consensus and understanding each other through good and hard times. Our group may have
taken longer than usual to finish our task but the process which we went through made us
understand each other’s strengths and weaknesses, which has contributed to the success of
this project. ***
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2008, from http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/lang/en/pid/3
12. International Organization for Migration: Indonesia(2008). Retrieved on May 5 2008,
from http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/pid/498
113
The 43rd IATSS FORUM
Orphans Grow Organic
“Self Reliance through Organic Farming”
Proposed by the SMOOTH B Group
Khem DAVID
YAYUK Sri Rahayu
Khammanichanh THONGSAVANH
Khoo MAY YIN
LESLIE Tey
Singkhonrat JIRADA
114
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Singapore
Thailand
CONTENTS
Executive Summary
1. Background
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
ASEAN
Cambodia – General Background Information
Cambodia Poverty
Cambodia Children – Situation of Orphans
2. Project Introduction
2.1 Project Objectives
2.2 Expected Outcome
2.3 Project Beneficiaries
3. Project Activities and Timeframe
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
Fund Raising
Labor
Organic Farming
Marketing
4. Project Management
4.1 Project Team
4.2 Monitoring and Evaluation
4.3 Finance and Budgeting
5.
6.
7.
8.
Conclusion
Logical Framework
Project Postscript
Reference
115
Executive Summary
Although nearly 1 billion people live on less that 1 USD per day, the world has never been
so prosperous. In fact, the world has enough money, resources and technology to end
poverty but the sad reality is that of uneven distribution and progress among the nations.
There is general agreement that 35-40% of the Cambodian population has expenditure
levels below the income poverty line, with 15-20% in extreme poverty. While Cambodia
has made progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDG),
attaining many of the targets remains difficult.
Cambodia remains one of the poorest countries in South-East Asia with a large proportion
of children and adolescents. At this moment in time Cambodia does not have the human
and financial capital to satisfy the needs of its people.
With this in mind, a group project was commissioned to look into attaining MDG number
one, which is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger in Cambodia. Research on
Cambodia and its present situation in the context of ASEAN was carried out. This was
done so as to gain a better understanding of the country situation, with particular emphasis
on vulnerable communities in that country’s.
A consensus was reached to assist a struggling local Non-Government Organisation, Save
the Children Cambodia for Development (SDC), which works to save Cambodian orphans.
This local NGO supports some 113 orphans and is reliant on ad-hoc funding from external
donors.
In this regard, the project aims:
•
•
•
To help SCD to gradually become self-sustainable and independent
To create self sufficient food for orphans in SCD
To generate self income for less dependence on donations
This project aims to be in line with the Cambodian population policy and the project is
expected to deliver four significant outcomes of fund raising, capacity building of NGO,
the establishment of an organic farm, and marketing of produce.
With this project, we hope that awareness would be raised of the plight of orphans in
Cambodia and most importantly assist SCD to be less reliant on external funding as well as
teaching life skills to orphans so they can be useful members of Cambodian society in
future.
116
1. Background
1.1 ASEAN
As of 2007, ASEAN has a population of some 575 million people, a combined gross
domestic product of almost US$ 1,270 billion and a total trade of US$ 1,400 billion.
ASEAN’s economic growth has brought remarkable improvements in terms of poverty
reduction, particularly with regards uplifting to those who are extremely poor.
As shown in Table 1, Indonesia and Cambodia are the most heavily-indebted countries.
Over the past year, inflation in Cambodia has spiked at 10.8% as compared with 2.8% in
2006. This has sharply driven up the cost of food and other staple foods. This has tipped
the most vulnerable sections of the population deeper into poverty.
This growing disparity will lead to greater inequality among the countries in ASEAN, and
does not contribute to the region’s vision of deepening integration among the people of this
region. In this regard, building a community that will provide a secure, stable and
prosperous life for all people, will go a long way for a sustainable and strongly developing
ASEAN, especially in rural areas, where the majority of the poor still live.
Inflation rate
(YOY growth
of CPI at end
of period)
US$ millio
n
percent
percent
of GNI
Percent
2006
2005/20
06
2005
2007
58.0
6.5
GDP@
Current
Price
Exports
Imports
Total trade
Km2
Thousan
d
US$ mil
lion
US$ mil
lion
US$ millio
n
2007
2007
2007
2006
2006
Cambodia
181,035
Indonesia
1,890,75
4
14,47
5
224,9
05
Lao PDR
236,800
5,608
Malaysia
330,252
Myanmar
676,577
The
Philippines
300,000
Thailand
Debt:
Present
value of
debt
Total
populati
on
Country
Singapore
Unempl
oyment
rate
Total land
area
704
513,120
Viet Nam
329,315
ASEAN
4,458,55
7
27,17
4
58,60
5
88,87
5
4,589
65,69
4
85,20
5
575,1
29
8,662
431,7
17
4,128.
1
186,9
60
12,63
2
146,8
94
161,5
46
245,7
01
71,29
2.1
1,269,
536
Merchandise trade
3,514.
4
100,7
98
402.7
157,2
26
3,514.
8
47,41
0
271,6
07
121,5
79
37,03
3
743,0
88
2,923
6,437
0.8
61,065
161,864
10.5
587.5
990.2
1.3
128,316
285,543
3.3
2,115.5
5,630
4.0
51,773
99,183
8.1
238,482
510,089
2.7
127,108
248,688
1.3
40,236
77,270
4.8
652,608
1,395,69
7
n.a.
55
9 (2001)
5.6
3.4
(2004)
16.5
6.6
2.4
0.0
3.9
4.4
14.6
2.6
3.2
-
(Table 1) “ASEAN Economic Indicators”
The number of people living in poverty does not depict a full picture of Cambodia: there is
soaring unemployment among adults, a rising number of school dropouts, a reversal of
migration from rural areas to big cities, and, in many cases, an upsurge in crime. In
117
addition, many children are abandoned in orphanages simply because their parents cannot
afford to take care of them.
1.2 Cambodia - General Background Information
Cambodia’s present population stands at 14 million (see table 2) and according to the
census held in March 1998, its population growth rate is 2.25%. Children aged 18 and
below constitute more than half of Cambodia’s total population.
(Table 2): Estimation of population growth in Cambodia
Despite data limitations, there is a general consensus on the principal characteristics of
poverty in Cambodia. Around 35-40% of the population has expenditure levels below the
income poverty line, with 15-20% in extreme poverty.
1.3 Cambodian Poverty
Poverty in Cambodia is overwhelmingly rural, from a low of 10-15% in Phnom Penh to
40-45% in the rural areas. This figure reaches some 60% in some provinces around the
Tonle Sap Basin. Also, there are insufficient financial resources to satisfactorily cater to its
people.
The International Labor Organization (ILO) reported in 2000 that some 672,000 children,
aged between 5 to 7 years (16.5%), work in brick factories, wrought iron shops, on salt
farms, at construction sites, in mountain quarries, as house servants or shoe shine boys, and
work transporting goods across the borders. These jobs are labor intensive and are
extremely dangerous as they could possibly lead to serious injuries, disability, and even
death. These children represent a vulnerable sector of Cambodian society.
More than 35,000 boys and girls, live on the streets, or live with very poor families. They
are pressed into gangs, enticed and entrapped to a life of drug dependency, and petty crime
that usually spiral into criminality. In fact, some 8.57% of these children are now
considered addicted to dangerous drugs. (National Authority for Combating Drug, 2002).
1.4 Cambodian Children – Situation of Orphans
The most discouraging phenomenon is the seemingly endless supply of Cambodian
orphans. Thousands of children are left without homes and families as a result of the
“Killing Fields”, civil war, poverty, illness and HIV/AIDs. These orphans, along with
thousands of other Cambodians, camp under plastic sheets on the Thai-Cambodian border.
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Indonesia
5300
(2.36%)
Cambodia
570 (2007)
(3.94%)
Laos
290
(5.17%)
Malaysia
480
(1.77%)
Thailand
1064
(1.62%)
Orphan school attendance ratio,
2000-2006*
82
80
-
-
99
Youth (15-24 years) literacy rate,
2000-2006*, male
Youth (15-24 years) literacy rate,
2000-2006*, female
99
88
83
97
98
99
79
75
97
98
Child labour (5-14 years) 1999-2006
4
45
25
-
8
Orphans Children (aged 0-17), orphaned
due to all causes, 2005 (estimate
thousands)
(Table 3) “Orphan Situation in ASEAN Countries”
Currently, there is a high number of orphans in Indonesia, Cambodia, and Laos. Most of
them are in need and live in vulnerable conditions. In Cambodia alone, there are 45% of
children working as child laborers.
There are no accurate figures on the orphan population in Cambodia, however, estimates
put the number of orphans in Cambodia between 60,000 to over 200,000 in 2000. At
present, current figures could possibly be some 570,000 children.
Without providers, these Cambodian orphans are often forced to beg or forage through
trash dumps for food. They are often the victims of serial predators and violent assaults.
Life for these defenceless children is absolutely desperate!
About a third of these orphans in Cambodia have lost at least one of their parents to a land
mine. Most of these children come from rural areas that border Thailand. Due to constant
warfare (over 27 years which ending only in 1998), several million mines and pieces of
unexploded ordinance litter the Cambodian countryside.
In this regard, progress in achieving the Millennium Development Goals is limited in
Cambodia. While some progress has been made, attaining many of the targets will be
difficult.
The Cambodian’s first National Population Policy was launched on 4 February 2004,
dealing with the issue of population development. The policy sets forth its overall goal to
achieve sustainable development, reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of all
Cambodians through changes in the size, composition and distribution of the population.
2. Project Introduction
Therefore, in support of the Cambodian National Population Policy and to assist the
country to reach the Millennium Development Goals, there are presently many NGOs
working with orphans on enhancing their lives by providing education, shelter, food,
vocational skills training among others. There are some 171 Local NGOs who are working
on child welfare issues.
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Many of these NGOs rely heavily on external funding. Some NGOs are attempting to
initiate self-help projects to reduce dependence on foreign aid, but this is still at an early
stage.
One local NGO, Save the Children Cambodia for Development (SDC), is an organization
which works to save Cambodian orphans. There are some 113 orphans at present and the
figure is increasing steadily. However, SDC presently relies heavily on foreign aid in order
to help the orphans they support. As the funding from external parties is on an ad-hoc basis,
SDC constantly struggles to maintain its operations.
A quick market analysis demonstrates that one alternative to help SDC gradually reduce its
external funding requirements is to introduce organic farming projects. There is an
upcoming trend among the Cambodian affluent to be more health conscious, considering
their diets carefully and looking towards chemical free products such as organic produce.
Thus, with the initiation of organic farming, this could be one viable option to provide safe
food for the orphans in SDC as well as to reduce reliance on external funding for its
operations.
2.1 Project Objectives
In this regard, this project aims:
•
•
•
To help SCD to gradually be self sustainable and independent;
To create self sufficient food for orphans in SCD; and
To generate some income so as to rely less on external funding.
2.2 Expected Outcome
As discussed, SCD presently relies heavily on ad-hoc external funding to feed its orphans
as well as to run other activities within its organization. In this regard, this project aims to
support SCD’s programs and would be implemented by the SCD management in
collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture to support the organic farming activities.
This strategy relies on the fact that the role of organic products is critical in providing good
food for health and better prices for income generation. Also, it creates a model for future
expansion of SCD in terms of value added activities.
This project also aims to be in line with Cambodian national population policy, which is
“to enhance human resource development and alleviate the burden of population on the
environment and natural resources”. As such, the project is expected to deliver four
significant outputs, as follows:
A. Funds Raised: The starting stage of the proposal seeks funding from donors to
initiate the organic farming project, capacity building, marketing process and
immediate support for the SCD’s needs. The project proposal would be submitted
to the donor by the third quarter of 2008.
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B. Capacity Development: All SDC staff and suitable orphans would be sequentially
engaged and trained under this project. Therefore, providing training is the starting
point of good implementation. The training topics would focus on cropping
techniques, integrated agriculture, and marketing potential products.
C. Establishment of Organic Farming: This is to support the demand of food for
orphans and, more importantly, to sell its surplus to be part of the organization’s
income. This would be built on by seeking assistance from the Ministry of
Agriculture and the working steps include:
Consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture to decide what is suitable for
the establishment of the project;
Ministry of Agriculture experts to provide advice and training to SDC staff
and orphans who will be involved in the project;
Establishment of organic farm in the SCD premise.
D. Products Marketed: Surplus organic produce should be marketed to generate
funding for the project as well as providing related vocational training for orphans
about to leave the SCD.
2.3 Project Beneficiaries:
At present, there are 113 orphans in this organization, and this number is expected to
steadily increase to around 200 orphans by the first year of our project.
The direct beneficiaries of this project would be SDC in terms of providing value added
activities, capacity building of the SCD in terms of training their staff to conduct this
project, provide sufficient food for orphans, provision of vocational training to enhance
orphan employability and to generate income so as to be less reliant on ad-hoc external
funding.
For the community, this project aims to improve the quality of life and help other orphans
who do not have a chance in life. As such, this project aims to ultimately improve the
quality of life in Cambodia since children are the future of Cambodia.
3. Project Activities and Framework
3.1 Fund Raising:
Analysis of Fundraising Landscape in Cambodia
The following, Porter's 5 forces analysis will be used to evaluate our position with regards
to fund raising in Cambodia:
The intensity of competitive rivalry: There are 171 NGOs presently working in the field of
children welfare in Cambodia. This number has increased dramatically from only 25 in the
early 1980's. The number of local NGOs and associations continues to rise and today there
are almost 400 local NGOs and nearly 600 registered associations. The diversity of NGOs
121
is also wide ranging from large established NGOs with good access to funding to local
NGOs which are heavily reliant on ad-hoc external funding.
The bargaining power of customers: In this regard, customers would be the beneficiaries
of our project and their bargaining power is limited because they are orphans and depend
solely on our NGO.
The bargaining power of suppliers: In this case, suppliers would refer to donors who
would contribute funds for our project. Their switching cost or ability to divert funds to
other NGOs is low (which means they can easily divert funds away from any organization.
Therefore, their bargaining power with regards to less organized NGOs is high.
The threat of substitute products: This refers to the ability of donors to switch to other
NGOs or forms of the use of their funds. And in this scenario it could easily be done.
The threat of entry by new competitors: The NGO sector does not have many barriers to
entry and consequently with many possible new entrants, the possibility of our project’s
fund raising endeavor would be made more difficult.
Analysis of the Five Forces Model: There are many NGOs presently in Cambodia vying
for the same limited pool of funding and NGOs that are well-organized will have better
access to funding because of their further reach, better promotion of their cause and
creation of awareness. As such, SCD is in a precarious and weak position in this regard.
Therefore, our fund raising efforts have to be focused and targeted to limited potential
donors. And, long term relationship building with our small number of donors has to be
carefully maintained. For a start, we have to conduct a thorough environmental scan to
acquire a good appreciation of existing donors as well as fund raising exercises that are
most effective. Importantly, this also strengthens our resolve to ensure that our organic
farming project would be able to carry the project after the initial injection of funds
Potential Considerations of Funds Donors
Major non-U.S. foreign investors include Asia Pacific Breweries (Singapore), Raffles
International (Singapore), Unilever (England), Petronas Cambodia (Malaysia), Chamroeun
Pokphand (Thailand), and YTL (Malaysia).
Some major local companies and their sectors are: Sokimex (petroleum, tourism), AZ
Distribution (Construction), Mong Reththy Groups (Construction, rubber and oil palm
plantation), KT Pacific Group, and Hero King (Cigarettes).
Fund Management Strategies
Relationship building with Donors: Close cultivation of donors is required for
sustainability of continued donation drives to fund our project successfully.
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Volunteer program: A regular volunteer program with orphanage could be devised which
includes opportunities for teaching of language or life skills. This could be carried out in
the form of a home stay program, where volunteers pay a small amount to participate in
this program. Customized programs could be carried out for individuals or groups.
Annual fundraising event on Organic Farming: This event could be the key event for the
organic farming project if it became successful. Farm produce from this project could be
the key features of this event, to help create awareness on organic farming techniques, the
orphanage and the organic farming project. The event could be held in Phnom Penh for
greater publicity, with engagements with the local and foreign media for maximum
publicity. Announcements of donors names for goodwill could also be incorporated and
testimonials given by orphans and volunteers on the benefits of the organic farming project.
Financial Management and Accounting Measures
Financial management and accounting measures should include proper book-keeping to
prevent “leakage” of funds as well as external party audits, if there are regular large
company donations for transparency.
3.2 Labor
The key to unlocking the problems described is the training of the human resources
available. Human resource development is essential also in terms of providing stability and
sustainability for SCD as well as promoting employability for orphans who are leaving
SCD and joining the Cambodian workforce.
Aims of this activity
a. To introduce effective agricultural strategies to SCD and their orphans to provide
nutritious food and possible sources of revenue;
b. To train orphans who are about to leave SCD and provide them with suitable life
skills that will enable them to become useful members of society;
c. To train orphans to be independent in mind and body;
d. Self-sustainability and ability to train subsequent batches for the project;
e. To cooperate with related International and domestic organizations for the project
and build relationships for future cooperation;
f. General capacity building of SCD.
Initial labor Project Objectives (June 2009)
To recruit volunteer teachers and children, who are 13-18 years old and may be destined to
leave the care of the orphanage in May 2011. (Total of 2 teachers and 20 students).
Immediate labor Project Objectives (July – October 2009)
To provide selected teachers and children with a 3 month course that would give them a
strong grounding in organic farming techniques.
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Medium term labor objectives (October 2009 –January 2010)
a. To establish a small organic farm at the orphanage. The produce from the farm
would subsidize the meager budget provided by the donations/authorities for the
purchase of food for the 113 resident orphans.
b. To provide selected teachers and children with a 3 month course that gives them a
necessary management background of what is involved in creating a new
enterprise.
c. To pass on their accrued knowledge to the students in the following year before
leaving the orphanage in May 2011.
Long term objectives (January 2010 – May 2011)
a. To establish a small farm shop around the orphanage itself.
b. To provide those leaving the orphanage in May 2011, and in subsequent years, the
opportunity to enter employment on one or more of several organic farming
projects starting up in Cambodia. The rates of pay and conditions of employment
would be negotiated by a co-operative consisting of the students themselves and
the management of organization.
c. To provide vocational training in organic farming techniques as dictated by the
need and by the wishes of those in the newly formed community.
3.3 Organic Farming
Organic farming was chosen because of the desirable market potential of organic products,
higher profit margins and their potential for promoting sustainable agriculture. Affleunt
consumers in Cambodia are increasingly concerned with food quality and safety, as well as
the protection of the environment.
Organic farming can help to guard against the depletion of ecosystems, as using pesticides
or fertilizers kills important insects and causes the soil to become polluted. One important
aspect of organic farming is its reliance on compost instead of chemical fertilizers. Funds
do not have to be allocated for pesticides. Also, organic produce sells at a higher profit
margin and is healthier and better for the environment (See Table 4 for SWOT Analysis).
Analysis of Organic Farming
Resources:
Land Area: (1.5 ha)
One pond, 3 m deep, 23 m length and 20 m width
Two pumping wells
Materials – 2 hand tractors, hoes, spades, seeds, small livestock, necessary
materials, etc.
A variety of plants, fish, poultry and live stock were selected based upon the wants and
needs of the orphanage and community, such as:
Vegetables: Cabbage, cucumber, pumpkin, Chinese broccoli, bokchoy, bean
(blue bean and red bean), bitter melon, morning glory.
2. Fish farming for annual freshwater catches includes perch, carp, lungfish,
and smelt.
1.
124
SWOT Analysis
Strength:
Organization has its own structure
Organization owns the land
School children can help with hands on
activities after class led by agricultural
officer(s)
Government support policy
lower expenditures on fertilizers,
increased price for the organic products
improved health through reduced exposure to
chemicals
Opportunity:
High demand for organic products from
markets
People are becoming aware of health and
environmental issues
Weakness
No funding
No techniques (know-how)
No market information regarding organic
products
Need more intensive labor
Lack of effective pest control practices.
Adverse weather conditions, such as
drought and floods.
Additional cost in distribution and
marketing.
Threat
Children leave the organization after a
certain age
Number of students increase in the
organization
High competition from outside for organic
products.
(Table 4) “SWOT Analysis”
3.4 Marketing
3.4.1 Target Market:
3.4.1.1Demographic: Market surveys will be conducted to identify potential target market,
such as health conscious and affluent consumers. Generally, they include:
i. Age: 25 – 50
ii. Gender: Female
iii. Behavior: Like shopping and find the best products for the families
that are friendly and not harmful she may also be the one who enjoys
finding information so that she can better serve her family
iv. Value: Happiness of the family is the most important value.
3.4.1.2 Geographic: Our focus will be on Phnom Penh as the market is some 2 million
people. Also, we are aiming for a niche target market, which looks for healthy
produce such as organic products.
3.4.2 Product Strategies:
a. Sell fresh vegetables and fruit to the local community at traditional and
modern markets; and
b. Our products include fresh fruit and vegetables that are popular among
Cambodian people, like: Winter Melon, Bitter gourd, Luffa, Yard long
bean, Mushrooms, Cabbage, Chinese broccoli, Snow peas, Bok Choy,
Morning Glory, and Papaya.
Packaging: Recyclable rice sacks will be used to pack the vegetables in bulk while
biodegradable plastic strips will be used for consumers who buy small amounts to take
125
home. The plastic strips will be branded to promote brand awareness as well as enable
consumers to distinguish between normal vegetables and our organic products.
Quality Control Certification: Certification to be endorsed by Ministry of Agriculture for
authentic 100% organic and pesticide free consumption.
Branding: Orphans Grow Organics (O.G.O)
3.4.3 Distribution
We would focus our distribution in traditional markets as most people prefer to go there
due to proximity to their homes. We will also attempt to gain a foothold in modern
supermarkets to reach affluent consumers that understand and care about their health.
For office workers and employees who have no time for marketing, we aim to target them
by selling our organic produce to popular restaurants in town as well as promote our
produce via indoor and outdoor advertising.
As the SCD is located along national road 3, we aim to establish stalls along that route to
target people utilizing this road. In fact, this road is heavily utilized as it connects Phnom
Penh to nearby costal tourist sites. A possibility remains that should our shop become
famous, one or more restaurants could be setup to further promote our produce via culinary
skills. Figure 1 details our distribution channels:
Organic Product
Target: Housewives
with middle income
and above (particular
on health conscious
people) in Phnom Penh
Market- few big
markets in Phnom
Penh
(75%)
Community and
Neighboring
communities
(5%)
SupermarketLucky, Pencil,
Sydney, Paragon.
(10%)
Restaurants:
Few that target to
middle class people
(5%)
Roadside Stall:
Along the highway
to tourist sites
(5%)
(Figure 1) “Organic Product Distribution Channel”
3.4.4 Promotions
The main objectives of our promotional efforts are to raise awareness of the health benefits
of our organic produce. The first step is to release press clips about our organic farming
project for public awareness. With continual media support throughout the first year, we
aim to induce sales and increase sales momentum.
126
Although TV commercials are the most effective communication medium we would first
utilize radio commercials instead, due to limited funds. Increased frequency and selection
of good time slots would make up for this.
Direct marketing efforts such as leaflets and brochures would be promoted at points of
purchase, distributed by orphans in key markets and in the local communities. Similarly,
the SCD website could also incorporate communication messages about our organic
farming project.
To create more demand, we would try to promote our products through HORECA (Hotel,
Restaurant and Catering) channels. We would have communication support from the
restaurants and hotels that are going to use our organic vegetables with indoor advertising
(Menu stands, banners). At the same time, we would try to work with the relevant
authorities to give certificates to those restaurant and hotels that use our organic products
so that they could use them to promote the business to their consumers.
4. Project Management
4.1 Project Team (Human resources):
As in Figure 2, the project would be headed by the SCD director, but the primary driver
would be driven by an SCD coordinator assisted by orphans through hands-on activities
after class. Cooperation would be maintained by the SCD director with related government
agencies such as agriculture and commerce and the project would hire four professionals
(two consultants for six months, a coordinator who could be an external person or graduate
student, and a administrator working on fund raising & marketing), two volunteer teachers
(as assistant trainers) and two older orphans (as assistant demonstrators) to implement
organic farming. External technicians would occasionally provide assistance to advise and
help monitor the progress of the project.
Director
Project coordinator:
training officer
Professional consultant
Coordinator assistance:
trainers
Smooth B Support Team
Coordinator assistance:
Agricultural officers
(Figure 2) “Project Team”
127
Administrator:
Marketing and fund raising
Partners
Project implementation would take place in cooperation with relevant institutions: such as
the agricultural department, restaurants, radio station, and nearby stores.
4.2 Monitoring and Evaluation
The project would be subject to monitoring and reporting in accordance with project
cooperation agreements between donors and responsible partners. A monitoring and
evaluation framework would be set up based on best practices. Project monthly meetings
would be conducted and documented. The project team would have overall responsibility
for preparing project progress reports.
4.3 Finance and Budgeting: Table 5 is overall budget for this project:
Organic Farming Project Budget for 2 years period
1st stage
( 3 months)
the initation stage
1st crop
2nd crop
production production
Type of
Acitivites
3rd stage 2nd Stage
(3 month) (6 months)
Time line
2 years Period
Budget Allocation
fundraising
recruit project coordinator(400) + adminstrator (200)
Purchase a tractor to cut a trench to the proposed area, and Landclearance for
planting the first crop and opening the fish pond
Purchase of essential materials, equipment, tools, seed, organic fertilizer (organic),
organic pest control materials and compost .
To cover the construction (from eucalyptus & dried leaf) of the composting unit.
The construction of a small greenhouse/nursery at the orphanage.
professional consultant and professional trainee fees
Restor land by putting it through a fertilization process
Create structures of bamboo and netting to protect the plants from the sun
and the impact of heavy rain.
watering system
Amount
USD$
5,000
14,400
3,000
5,000
500
1,500
6,000
1,000
500
500
8,000
marketing allocations
800
setup a small organic farm shop
evaluation and monitoring
Miscellaneous
600
3,200
50,000
Total
(Table 5) “Project Budgeting”
5. Conclusion
As ASEAN countries continue developing, disparities in wealth, opportunities, and
environmental degradation remain. Today, much of Cambodian’s population still remains
in poverty. Many orphans live with poverty, malnutrition, and a lack of safe water and
sanitation. Basic health and education services are lacking. This greatly impairs their
chance in life.
Increases in aid in terms of institutional care is lacking, given the degree of national debt
and poverty that the Cambodian government faces. Hopefully, our grassroots project
would increase food sovereignty in one orphanage in Cambodia by building capacity to
produce organic crops to meet in-house needs and making for a more self-reliant NGO.
This project could serve as a model to be replicated with other NGOs who are equally
reliant on ad-hoc external funding.
128
129
To help the
Cambodian Orphans
with better food and
provide alternatives to
SCD funding sources.
To help SCD to
gradually be a self
sustainable
and
independent NGO.
Overall
objectives
Specific
objective
Intervention logic
6. Logical Framework
Progress report.
Progress Report and Final
Report
Protocols or guidelines for considering and
implementing organic farming have been adopted by
SCD and a number of development actors in Cambodia.
Income generated from fund rising as a mean to support
current essential activities and support training and
organic farming activities.
Reduce 15-20% of SCD budget that heavily relies on
outside funding.
All of the orphans in SCD have their foods source
increased and secured by the end of the action.
Objectively verifiable indicators of achievement
Sources and means of
verification
Implementing Report
Mid term review report
Final evaluation report
Feedback from development
agencies
(post seminar and conference)
LOGICAL FRAMEWORK:
Orphans Grow Organics
Title: "Self Reliance through Organic Farming"
No major influx
of orphans into
the organization.
Timely receipt of
fund from fund
raising.
Assumptions
130
Funding availability to
run the project and
SDC increases to
ensure activities run
smoothly.
Train labor and
implementation
of
activities.
Expected
Result 1.
Expected
Result 2.
Intervention logic
Activity 2(a)
- Completion of training to all of the children and
relevant people in the project.
Activity 2(b)
1. developing effective agricultural strategies to
give orphans nutritious food to eat, possible
sources of revenue, and life skills that would
help them become productive members of their
society.
2. use technology, training and relationships to
build capacity of this organization
3. create a model in self reliance and those who
benefit from them go on to provide training for
others in similar circumstances.
4. cooperate with International and domestic
organizations of Agriculture which can help
implementing successful strategies that yield
fruit.
5. make children independent in mind and body
through a program
Activity 1(b): Fund Management strategy:
Our fund management strategy would include
relationship building with donors, volunteer program,
and annual fund raising event.
Potential Donors include: Asia Pacific Breweries
(Singapore), Unilever (England), Chamroeun Pokphand
(Thailand), and YTL (Malaysia).
Activity 1(a): Raising funds from:
Objectively verifiable indicators of achievement
activity
Midterm report
Progress report
Progress report.
Monthly
reports
Midterm
review
Evaluation
Final
monitoring
/
Sources and means of
verification
Assumptions
131
Surplus
products
marketed.
Expected
Result 4.
organic
are
An Organic Farm is
established to serve
the
foods
and
incomes for the SDC.
Expected
Result 3.
Intervention logic
(Table 6) “Logical Framework”
Activity 4(a)
- Marketing survey
- Targeting groups activities
- Organic product’s consumption campaign
Activity 4(b)
- Packaging and quality control of the products.
- Seeking more markets.
Activity 3(b)
- All of the orphans are trained and participate on the
farms.
Activity 3(a)
- 1.5 ha of farm is established and planted with various
crop varieties and with some livestock raising.
6. set-up a three-month program that strengthens a
child and makes him or her a responsible
person in society.
Objectively verifiable indicators of achievement
Monthly report
Midterm report
Final report.
Regular monitoring visits
Midterm review
Final evaluation report
Monthly activity + monitoring
reports
Sources and means of
verification
Increasing
of
people
consuming
organic products.
Assumptions
7. Project Postscript
7.1. Our Group Name:
Our group name, Smooth B, was adopted right after our first working session together
because we found that our major strength was that of mutual respect and swift consensual
decision making acceptable to all.
Our experience in every session has been slow, steady but importantly smooth. The reason
for this was because our approach to working was not one of monopoly of ideas or
discussion airtime. This is crucial in promoting ownership and buy-in by all members
thereby promoting individual motivation and synergy towards this group study project.
7.2 Our Most Valuable Resource:
The most valuable resources in our group were the six members and they include: David
from Cambodia, Yayuk from Indonesia, Thongsavanh from Lao, May Yin (Sakura) from
Malaysia, Leslie from Singapore, and Jirada from Thailand.
David’s background is in Customer Development with a large Multi-National Corporation
while Yayuk’s area of specialization is in Marketing and Entrepreneurship. Thongsavanh
is an expert in technical assistance with the United Nations World Food Programme while
May Yin’s credentials are with the financial and banking sector. Jirada and Leslie’s
training and experience is in the field of education and the molding of future generations.
7.3 Overcoming Obstacles
The problems we faced in our discussions included arriving at a consensus while making
decisions, promoting ownership and synergy, as well as lack of technical knowledge and
statistics for this project.
How we overcame these challenges was to always devote ample time to building the team
(and this entailed accepting that decisions are never easy and would be frustrating at times),
share information and personal experiences openly, as well as to constantly keep in mind
proper criterion for which to evaluate our decisions and ideas for logical and systematic
evaluations.
7.4 Three Lessons Learnt from Group Study
The three important points we all took away from this experience include: 1. Consensus
and decision-making should take everyone’s opinion into account. 2. Marginalized party
fears should be allayed. 3. Everyone should make efforts to understand and help each
others.
132
8. References
1. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/
2. National Poverty Reduction Strategy 2003 – 2005 (2002), Kingdom of Cambodia,
Council for Social Development.
3. Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper – Joint Staff Assessment (2003), International
Development Association and International Monetary Fund.
4. National Population Policy (2003), Royal Government of Cambodia (2nd Edition),
Population Analysis Unit, Ministry of Planning, Developed with financial and
technical assistance from UNFPA.
5. A Poverty Profile of Cambodia – 1997, General Directorate of Planning, Ministry
of Planning, Sponsored by United Nations Development Programme, Swedish
International Development Cooperation Agency, and The World Bank.
6. ASEAN Finance and Macro-economic Surveillance Unit Database and ASEAN
Statistical Yearbook 2006 (compiled/computed from data submission and/or
websites of ASEAN Member Countries'
7. ASEAN Trade Database as of 18 July 2007
8. IMF World Economic Outlook Database as of October 2007
9. http://www.track-of-the-tiger.com/html/orphans.html
10. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/
11. http://www.unicef.org/
12. http://www.kwwsouthamerica.org/content/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=60&Ite
mid=107
13. http://www.equityenergyresources.com/project/organic_farming.php
14. National Poverty Reduction Strategy 2003 – 2005 (2002), Kingdom of Cambodia,
Council for Social Development.
15. Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper – Joint Staff Assessment (2003), International
Development Association and International Monetary Fund.
16. National Population Policy (2003), Royal Government of Cambodia (2nd Edition),
Population Analysis Unit, Ministry of Planning, Developed with financial and
technical assistance from UNFPA.
17. http://www.state.gov/e/eeb/ifd/2005/41991.htm
18. A Poverty Profile of Cambodia – 1997, General Directorate of Planning, Ministry
of Planning, Sponsored by United Nations Development Program, Swedish
International Development Cooperation Agency, and The World Bank.
133
Improving Primary Education in a Lao
Theung Community in Lao PDR
A Grass-roots Project for Achieving Population Literacy
By Team Kibou
Netkham Southaluck
Nantha Kumar Subramaniam
Aung Khant Minn
Anecita Trasmonte Altis
Sasiporn Srabua
Van Thi Minh Huyen
43rd IATSS Forum
Suzuka City, Japan
May 2008
134
(Lao PDR)
(Malaysia)
(Myanmar)
(Philippines)
(Thailand)
(Vietnam)
Contents:
Executive Summary
1. The Overall Background of the Project
2. The Specific Context of Study
3. Methodology
4. Project Framework
5. Project Output Matrix
6. Project Timeframe
7. Pilot Area
8. Project Budget
9. Project Monitoring and Evaluation
10. Project Sustainability
11. Project Team Structure
12. Conclusion
135
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Primary education is the first stage of compulsory education. Its basic goals are to achieve
rudimentaty literacy and numeracy among children, as well as establishing a foundation in
science, geography, history and other social sciences. For primary education, a "universal"
target reflects an international agreement that there are many skills that children will need
in a fast changing world, which some parents (particularly the illiterate) may not have
fully developped. Hence, a formal institution is required to ensure that basic needs and
rights are met for all children.
It is sad to note, however, that many children in the world do not enjoy the basic right to
primary education, which makes them vulnerable to poverty in the future. One such sad
case is that of Lao children who belong to ethnic minorities. Ethnic minorities like the Lao
Theung who live in rural, remote areas of Laos are at a developmental disadvantage,
having limited access to education due to shortages of schools, materials, and qualified
teachers. Although the government is responsible for providing school buildings and
teachers to villages, many of these schools are not fully equipped to answer the needs of
the children. The problem is aggravated by the low educational awareness of the villagers
themselves.
At present, Laos remains the country with the lowest literacy rate in South East Asia.
According to the United Nations Report of 2007, Lao PDR has the lowest primary
enrolment and attendance ratios in the region.
This study, therefore, focuses on improving primary education in a Lao Theung
community which will lead to a higher literacy rate in the population. To do this, primary
school net enrollment and attendance ratios in this community need to be improved.
The expected output for the project includes increased educational awareness among the
villagers, increased primary school enrollment and attendance, and augmented income for
the villagers. To achieve these, the Project Team needs to work closely with the village
head, volunteers from NGOs, school officials and teachers, and the villagers themselves.
At the end of the 2-year period of project implementation, it is hoped that the level of
educational awareness and the literacy rate will improve in the target area. Indicators will
be closely monitored throughout the project implementation to ensure its success.
1. Overall background
1.1 Why Education was chosen for this project?
“As a basic right, education is an intrinsic good in itself, leading to broadened individual
capacities and freedom. Education is a component of well-being, a factor in the
development of well-being though its link with demographic as well as socio-economic
factors. It is also a means to enable the individual to gain access to knowledge, which is a
precondition for coping, with today’s complex world.” (Carol Watson, Senior Adviser
Education, UNICEF)
136
It is a common understanding that education has a multiplier effect that spreads throughout
society at large. Taking into consideration the eight interlinked goals and accompanying
targets of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), education plays a central role in
bridging population and development.
MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
-
MDG 2: Achieve universal primary education
MDG3: Promote gender equality and empower women
MDG 4: Reduce child mortality
MDG 5: Improve maternal health
MDG6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
MDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
MDG8: Develop a global partnership for development
From the above list of MDGs, MDG 2 is a direct education goal, but the other seven
MDGs are closely and indirectly affected by education. Therefore, it is widely recognized
that without success in achieving the educational goals, prospects for the other goals are in
jeopardy.
Despite the overarching effect of education on society, access to education is limited to a
limited group of people in many countries, which makes it impossible to reach some of the
eight MDGs by the year 2015. Everyday and everywhere in the world, natural and humanmade disasters, family violence, child malnutrition, diseases, and victims of tsunami,
cyclone, etc are alarmingly apparent. Can education be the ultimate answer to all these
problems? Yes, education is an effective tool to build better livelihoods and a developed
population. By means of education, a people’s awareness is increased, which in turn affects
all other aspects of life in a positive manner, including socio-economic growth and
development.
1.2 Why focus on primary education?
Primary education (elementary education) is the first stage of compulsory
education. The major goals of primary education are to achieve the basic literacy
and numeracy of all pupils, as well as establishing a foundation in science,
geography, history, and other social sciences.
As a matter of fact, this initial stage in the whole education route plays a crucial role, not
only in providing basic knowledge and skills to children, but also in serving as motivation
to further study. Achievement in an individual’s primary education is a solid foundation for
attaining literacy.
137
1.3 Why is Lao PDR’s Primary Education targeted?
Among the South East Asian nations, Laos has the lowest literacy rate (see Table
1.1 below). Also, Lao PDR has the lowest educational indicators among the six
member countries considered in the study (see Table 1.2 below)
Table 1.1: The ASEAN countries’ literacy rates
Country
Malaysia
Philippines
Thailand
Singapore
Indonesia
Vietnam
Myanmar
Cambodia
Laos
Adult literacy rate*
98.0
92.6
92.6
92.5
90.4
90.3
89.9
73.6
68.7
Source: The United Nations Development Program Report 2007/2008
*Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and older)
138
139
95
98
98
- Primary school enrollment ratio 2000-2006*,
net, female
- Primary school attendance ratio 2000-2006*,
net, male
- Primary school attendance ratio 2000-2006*,
net, female
77
81
81
Laos
86
98
98
86
90
Thailand
89
88
95
93
Philippines
94
94
92
97
Vietnam
84
83
91
89
Myanmar
This table pays a particular attention to the net enrollment and attendance ratio for primary school boys and girls. Compared to
other countries, Lao PDR has the lowest primary enrolment and attendance ratios.
Source: http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/
96
Malaysia
- Primary school enrollment ratio 2000-2006*,
net, male
Educational indicators
Table 1.2: Primary school net enrollment and attendance ratios
2. The Specific Context of Study
2.1 Country Background - Lao PDR.
Lao PDR is a small landlocked country in Southeast Asia. The land area is 236,800 km2
and the population was estimated to be 5.8 million in mid-2007. Although the population
density of Lao PDR is low, 19 people/km2, only 3.3% of the land area of Lao PDR can be
cultivated. The majority of the land is hilly or mountainous rugged terrain. Therefore, the
population is not distributed equally throughout the country. There is a greater population
burden placed on flatter or less hilly land (UNDP 1996: Chapter 10).
It is estimated that more than 85% of the population of Lao PDR is agriculturally based.
Authorities speculate that the current 2.4% population growth rate, if unchanged, will
result in the population doubling within the next 30 years. This will create significant stress
on available agricultural land.
2.2 Population Background
The population of Lao PDR is distinguished by its ethnic diversity. The Lao, are the
politically, socially and culturally dominant population, making up only a slight majority in
Lao PDR. Lao PDR is comprised of 49 different ethnic minorities. Each group speaks its
own language, often only understood by that population. Each language is, in fact,
mutually incomprehensible. Additionally, each group has its own differing social, cultural
and religious practices and traditions.
The government of Lao PDR, many international agencies, and NGOs commonly classify
the 49 ethnic groups as 3 major groups. The groups are classified on the basis of geography.
They include
- The Lao Loum, or lowland Lao, constituting the majority of the population, which is 66
percent.
- The Lao Theung, or midland Lao, account for about 24 percent of the national population.
The cultural and linguistic differences between the many Lao Theung groups are greater
than those between the Lao Loum or Lao Sung, or upland Lao. In comparison to the two
other branches of Laos’ ethnic groups, the Lao Theung groups differ greatly from one
another.
- The Lao Sung, or upland Lao, make up about 10 percent of the population.
The vast diversity of ethnic groups creates significant obstacles for the Minister of
Education (MOE) whose primary goal is to provide basic education for all citizens of Lao
PDR. Difficult geographical locations, lack of a common language, and differing social
and cultural customs and traditions are all factors that play an important role in hindering
the universal education of the ethnic populations. In general, access to basic education is
difficult for the ethnic minorities.
140
2.3 The Educational System of the Lao PDR
The country’s educational system is divided into 5 levels:
- Preschool education (kindergarten),
- Primary school (5 years),
- Lower secondary (3 years),
- Upper secondary (3 years), and
- Post-secondary (2 to 6 years)
The educational system is organized and administered by the MOE at the national level. It
reaches into the countryside through a network of Provincial Education Service (PES)
Departments and District Education Bureaus (DEB). Integration at the village level is the
responsibility of the village heads, school management committees and school principals.
In actuality, many villages, especially those midland and upland areas, do not offer more
than 2 years of primary schooling. Therefore, integration at the village level is often
limited or nonexistent.
Despite a consistent emphasis on education since its formation in 1975, the educational
system of Lao PDR is still poor. One-third of primary school teachers have not been
trained at a teaching school. Resources, such as schools, books and qualified teachers
remain scarce. Many people, especially ethnic minorities, have had no schooling.
Preschool education exists only in a few urban areas. Very few children in rural areas
complete more than 2 years of primary school, and only 2% of the people makes it beyond
secondary school. According to information provided by UNICEF (1996: 15), less than
one-half of the students entering primary school complete the five-year primary program
and over 4,000 remote villages lack access to primary schooling. The literacy rate for the
entire country is disturbingly low, and particularly lower amongst ethnic minorities. This
data indicates that serious problems exist in the educational system’s ability to reach the
countryside.
2.3.1 Why focus on Lao Theung Education?
Most marginalized group in all respects, namely social, economic and political;
semi-nomadic; live on mountain slopes; live in distinct houses built on silts and in
trees; practice slash and burn agriculture; some are hunters using only wood and
bamboo
School attendance rate is lower than that of Lao Loum
No written script for their language
Primary school girls’ enrolment ratio in Lao Loum accounts for 67% of the total
age of school girl population yet comprise 81% of the primary school enrolments
for girls; Lao Theung and Lao Soung account for 23 % and 10% and comprise
only 15.4% and 3.2% primary school enrolments respectively; problem lies in the
lack of fluency in the national language.
141
2.4 General Characteristics of a Typical Lao Theung Village
Remote area (transportation, mass media access and communication problems)
Ethnic group (one of 49 ethnic groups in Laos)
Polygamous men
Sexist males
No fixed family income (subjects rely on natural resources and beg for alms in
cities)
Each village has its own dialect – national language is not used by all
Village head is opinion leader
Close-minded
Superstitious
Poor sustainability of projects
Village constituents are either related by affinity or consanguinity
Low motivation for achievement
Lack of social awareness among villagers
Lack of educational resources (schools, teachers, materials, etc.)
(Source: interview)
3. Methodology
The following are the preliminary steps that have been undertaken in coming up with this
project proposal.
Step 1: Brainstorming on population issues
Step 2: Narrowing down of ideas using fish bone approach.
142
Population sub-themes identified:
Unskilled labor
Out of school/ drop-outs
Teenage pregnancy and abortion rate
Maternal death
Health care
The sub-themes reflect the most important issues among Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar,
Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam (the proponents’ countries).
Step 3: Data gathering on sub-themes from secondary sources.
After identifying the sub-themes, data from secondary sources are gathered for
further deliberation.
Step 4: Data Analysis of population statistics and population sub-themes.
Gathered data is compared and analyzed.
Step 5: Problem identification – Laos’ Education problem
After comparing statistics about education issues among the countries considered,
Laos came out to be the country with the most serious problem.
Step 6: Obtaining primary data from Laos participant through interview
To obtain more insight into the Laos education problem, interview was conducted
with a Lao teacher.
Step 7: Gathering data from secondary sources about Laos from Web
sources, books, articles, etc.
More secondary data and information gathered about Laos.
Step 8: Profiling Laos
Gathered secondary data compared and analyzed to get clearer picture of Laos.
Step 9: Focusing Discussion on Three Major Ethnic Groups- Lao Loum, Lao Theung and
Lao Soung
In order to zoom in on the most marginalized group in terms of education, a
comparison of three major ethnic groups was done.
Step 10: Focusing on Primary Education Problems in Lao Theung Community
Through research, the following educational problem ha been identified:
Primary school net enrollment ratio
Primary school net attendance ratio
143
144
O u tp u t 2
In crea se d P rim ary
S ch o o l
E n ro llm en t
In c rea se d
E d u c atio n a l
Aw are n es s
S ch o o l A tten d a n ce
O u tp u t 3
In c rea se d P rim ary
T o im p ro ve p rim a ry sc h o o l n et
en ro llm en t a n d atten d a n c e
ra tio s in a L a o T h eu n g
c o m m u n ity
P ro jec t P u rp o s e
T o im p ro ve p rim a ry e d u ca tio n
in a L a o T h eu n g c o m m u n ity
O vera ll G o al
T o im p ro ve p rim ary e d u c atio n in
L a o s th a t w ill le ad to a h ig h er
litera cy ra te in th e p o p u la tio n
O u tp u t 1
4. Project
Fram ew ork
S u p er G o al
A u g m e n te d
In co m e fo r
P are n ts
O u tp u t 4
145
Output
1. Increased
Educational
Awareness
2.1. Role models (e.g. someone from
the Lao Theung group who has been
successful because of education) are
invited during festivals (once a year at
least) or gatherings.
2. Monthly gathering to show
documentary film on success stories
due to education; village head plays
a primary role in mobilizing and
motivating people to attend the
sessions; teachers and volunteers
conduct the program; documentary
materials are in their language;
simple snacks are served to the
villagers (e.g. bread or sweets and
drinks;)
Activities
1. Meeting with the village head and
respected elders; get information
about their educational activities;
clarify the purpose of our project; set
a plan for implementation
5. Project Output Matrix
Villagers
Villagers
Respected Elders
Target Group
Village Head
Increased motivation
among the villagers to send
their children to school
Increased motivation
among the villagers to send
their children to school
Indicators
Clear understanding of the
project
Interview villagers
Check attendance,
attentiveness and “length of
stay”
Monitoring
Observation
146
Students
2. Students get new school uniform
when they enroll
Target Group
Villagers,
Students
Activities
1.Volunteers and teachers visit houses
to campaign for primary enrolment;
bring attractive brochures and posters
that entice students to attend school
(mostly pictures of exciting school
life); a sample of new school uniform
and get the child’s size (school
uniform is a problem for many
students);
Output
2. Increased
Primary
Enrolment Ratio
in the Village
Indicators
Increased primary
enrollment
Increased interest in
schooling
Monitoring
Observation
Observation
147
Teachers
Students
2. Provide teacher training for
effective classroom teaching
(e.g. in-service seminars); tap NGO’s
and volunteers to help;
3. Establish food program (porridge
composed of rice and vegetables)
organized and operated by mothers
and volunteers given free to students
during snack time.
Target Group
Students
Activities
1. Give three kilos of rice every
week for perfect and punctual daily
attendance;
Output
3. Increased
Primary
Attendance Ratio
in the Village
Indicators
Active participation of
students in the class
Increased school
attendance
Attentiveness of students
Increased student- centered
teaching
Increased motivation of
teachers to teach
School attendance
Monitoring
Interview some students,
teachers and parents
Random observation during
snack time
Interview some students &
teachers
Random class observation
Check teacher class records
148
Output
4. Augmented
Income for
Parents
4. Come up with bamboo products
(with collaboration with PTA)
Villagers &
Teachers
3. Skills training for the villagers
Villagers &
(The project is spearheaded by the
Teachers
teachers to improve Parents-Teachers
Association (PTA))
Villagers &
Teachers
2. Put up facilities for the project
(such as workplace in the school,
equipment, starting materials, etc)
Target Group
Villagers &
Teachers
Activities
1. Construct a livelihood center
Augmented
income for
parents and
teachers
Skillful craftsmanship,
Strengthened home-school
link
Random observation of
activities
Check financial records
Random observation of
activities
Observation,
Checking of expenditures
Acquisition of the facilities
Monitoring
Observation,
Checking of expenditures
Indicators
Completion of the
structure
149
1. Increased
Educational
Awareness
Output
Activities
3. Role models (e.g. someone from the Lao
Theung group who has been successful because of
education) are invited during festivals (once a year
at least) or gatherings.
2. Monthly gathering to show documentary film
on success stories due to education; village head
plays a primary role in mobilizing and motivating
people to attend the sessions; teachers and
volunteers conduct the program; documentary
materials are in their language; simple snacks are
served to the villagers (e.g. bread or sweets and
drinks;)
1. Meeting with the village head and respected
elders; get information about their educational
activities; clarify the purpose of our project; set the
plan for implementation
6. Project Time Frame: 2 years
1
2
3
4
5
X
X
X
X
YEAR 1
MONTH
6 7 8
X
X
X
X
X
X
*9 10 11 12
150
3. Increased
Primary
Attendance Ratio
in the Village
1.Volunteers and teachers visit houses to campaign for primary
enrolment; bring attractive brochures and posters that entice
students to attend school (mostly pictures of exciting school life); a
sample of new school uniform and get the child’s size (school
uniform is a problem with many students);
2. Increased
Primary
Enrollment Ratio
in the Village
3. Establish food program (porridge composed of rice and
vegetables) organized and operated by mothers and volunteers
given free to students during snack time.
2. Provide teacher training for effective classroom teaching (e.g.
in-service seminars); tap NGO’s and volunteers to help;
1. Give three kilos of rice every week for perfect and punctual
daily attendance;
2. Students get new school uniform when they enroll
Activities
Output
X X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
YEAR 1
MONTH
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 *9 10 11 12
X X X
151
4. Come up with bamboo products (with collaboration with
PTA)
X
X
X
X X
3. Skills training for the villagers (The project is spearheaded by
the teachers to improve Parents-Teachers Association (PTA))
X
X
2. Put up facilities for the project
(such as workplace in the school, equipment, starting materials,
etc)
1. Construct a livelihood center
YEAR 1
MONTH
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 *9 10 11 12
X
Activities
* First semester: September to January
4. Augmented
Income for Parents
Output
152
1. Increased
Educational
Awareness
Output
3. Role models (e.g. someone from the Lao Theung group who
has been successful because of education) are invited during
festivals (once a year at least) or gatherings.
2. Monthly gathering with showing of documentary film on
success stories due to education; village head plays a primary
role in mobilizing and motivating people to attend the
sessions; teachers and volunteers conduct the program;
documentary materials are in their language; simple snacks are
served to the villagers (e.g. bread or sweets and drinks;)
1. Meeting with the village head and respected elders; get
information about their educational activities; clarify the
purpose of our project; set the plan for implementation
Activities
X
3
4
X
X
X
X
X
*9 10 11 12
X X X X X X X X
**1 2
YEAR 2
MONTH
5 6 7 8
153
3. Increased
Primary
Attendance Ratio
in the Village
2. Increased
Primary
Enrolment Ratio
in the Village
Output
3. Establish food program (porridge composed of rice and
vegetables) organized and operated by mothers and volunteers
given free to students during snack time.
2. Provide teacher training for effective classroom teaching
(e.g. in-service seminars); tap NGO’s and volunteers to help;
1. Give three kilos of rice every week for perfect and punctual
daily attendance;
2. Students get new school uniform when they enroll
1.Volunteers and teachers visit houses to campaign for primary
enrolment; bring attractive brochures and posters that entice
students to attend school (mostly pictures of exciting school
life); a sample of new school uniform and get the child’s size
(school uniform is a problem with many students);
Activities
X
X
X
3
4
X X X X
X X X X
**1 2
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
YEAR 2
MONTH
5 6 7 8 *9 10 11 12
X X X
154
Activities
4. Come up with bamboo products (with collaboration with
PTA)
3. Skills training for the villagers (The project is
spearheaded by the teachers to improve Parents-Teachers
Association (PTA))
2. Put up facilities for the project
(such as workplace in the school, equipment, starting
materials, etc)
1. Construct a livelihood center
* First semester: September to January
** Second semester: January to May
4. Augmented
Income for Parents
Output
X
X
3
4
X X X
X
X
X
*9 10 11 12
X X X X X X X X
**1 2
YEAR 2
MONTH
5 6 7 8
155
1. Increased
Educational
Awareness
Output
3. Role models (e.g. someone from the Lao Theung group who
has been successful because of education) are invited during
festivals (once a year at least) or gatherings.
2. Monthly gathering with showing of documentary film on
success stories due to education; village head plays a primary
role in mobilizing and motivating people to attend the
sessions; teachers and volunteers conduct the program;
documentary materials are in their language; simple snacks are
served to the villagers (e.g. bread or sweets and drinks;)
1. Meeting with the village head and respected elders; get
information about their educational activities; clarify the
purpose of our project; set the plan for implementation
Activities
X
3
4
X
X X X X
**1 2
YEAR 3
MONTH
5 6 7 8 *9 10 11 12
156
3. Increased
Primary
Attendance Ratio
in the Village
1.Volunteers and teachers visit houses to campaign for primary
enrolment; bring attractive brochures and posters that entice
students to attend school (mostly pictures of exciting school
life); a sample of new school uniform and get the child’s size
(school uniform is a problem with many students);
2. Increased
Primary
Enrolment Ratio
in the Village
3. Establish food program (porridge composed of rice and
vegetables) organized and operated by mothers and volunteers
given free to students during snack time.
2. Provide teacher training for effective classroom teaching
(e.g. in-service seminars); tap NGO’s and volunteers to help;
1. Give three kilos of rice every week for perfect and punctual
daily attendance;
2. Students get new school uniform when they enroll
Activities
Output
X
X
X
3
4
X X X X
X X X X
**1 2
YEAR 3
MONTH
5 6 7 8 *9 10 11 12
157
Activities
4. Come up with bamboo products (with collaboration with
PTA)
3. Skills training for the villagers (The project is
spearheaded by the teachers to improve Parents-Teachers
Association (PTA))
2. Put up facilities for the project
(such as workplace in the school, equipment, starting
materials, etc)
1. Construct a livelihood center
* First semester: September to January
** Second semester: January to May
4. Augmented
Income for Parents
Output
X
X
3
4
X X X X
**1 2
YEAR 3
MONTH
5 6 7 8 *9 10 11 12
158
Source: Lao PDR National Statistical Center (2007)
School: 3 classrooms containing 5 grades of primary school
Numbers of students: 33 (females: 11)
Numbers of teachers: 2 males
and tea; or raising livestock
Village name: Avien Village in Lako zone
Area: 4 km2 ; The village shares border with 4 villages; Kalak village
to the North; Marine village to the South; Phudinmeang Mountain and
Tahung village to the West and Vietnam to the East.
Facility: one public healthcare center,
Road network: one 70-km route connecting to main road, but in poor
condition
Ethnic group: Try (One of the Lao Theung Ethnics)
Population: 247 people (females: 117)
Occupation: based mainly on agriculture, such as growing of coffee, pepper,
The project proposal will be implemented in the community characterized
below:
7. Pilot Area
159
Budget for the Action
Expenses
1. Human Resources
1.1 Salaries (gross amounts, local staff)
1.1.1 Project Manager
1.1.2 Administrative/Support staff
1.1.3 Interpreter
Subtotal
2. Travel
2.1 Fuel
Subtotal
3. Equipment & Supplies
3.1 Electricity Generator
3.2 Furniture, computer, printer, fax,
LCD projector, telephone, photocopier
3.3 Office Supplies
Subtotal
4. Local Office
4.1 Rent
4.2 Maintenance
Subtotal
8. Project Budget
500
4 000
60
50
1
Once
Once
200
Per month
Per month
1
Per month
300
200
30
50
1
1
1
Per month
Per month
Per diem
Per month
Number of Units
Unit
Two Years
Unit Rate (in USD)
1 440
1 200
2 640
1 200
5 700
500
4 000
4 800
4 800
7 200
4 800
30
12 030
Costs (in USD)
160
Grand Total
5.4 Production costs for
documentary
5.5 School uniforms (one
per student)
5.6 Brochures
Subtotal
7. Contingency Fund
Subtotal
5. Livelihood Center
5.1 Construction
5.2 Maintenance
5.3 Equipment (knife, cutter, etc)
Subtotal
6. Other costs, services
5.1 Snacks for volunteers
5.2 Snacks for monthly
meeting
5.3 Rice for the students
Budget for the Action
Expenses
200
2 000
Once
200
200
Once in a year
Once in a year
50 students
(1 uniform=4 USD)
50
(1 kilo=3 USD)
-
Per week
Once
100
600
-
Per month
Per month
150
3 000
100
1 000
Two Years
Number of Units
Unit Rate (in USD)
Once
Per year
Once
Unit
81 570
400
50 200
2 000
2 000
400
200
32 400
2 400
14 400
3 000
200
1 000
4 200
Costs (in USD)
8.1 Project Funding
The following donors will be approached by the project team in order to obtain
funding.
1. Bill Gates Foundation
2. Asian Development Bank (ADB)
3. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
4. French Government
5. World Vision International
9. Project Monitoring and Evaluation
To ensure the effective implementation of the project, the project manager and the
volunteer group leaders shall carry out the monitoring and evaluation process. This is to
provide timely information on the current implementation of the project in the target area.
The progress of the activities shall be strictly monitored to avoid possible noncompliance
with the project output matrix, and to better address probable problems that may arise in
the course of the implementation stage. Such information shall be accordingly used as the
basis for future action.
Some monitoring activities will be carried out randomly (e.g. observation during class
hours, snack time, and livelihood activities, etc). Secondly, there will also be regular
monthly monitoring like checking of class attendance. Thirdly, there will be regular
quarterly monitoring to check on indicators to assess overall project progress (e.g.
attendance record and rice distribution). Finally, there will be an annual monitoring to
check on primary school enrollment in the target area.
The project manager will monitor the implementation of the volunteer groups’ activities.
He or she will work closely with the volunteer group leaders and target groups for timely
assessment of the project’s progress.
Volunteer group leaders mainly monitor the implementation of their respective tasks. They
are going to work closely with the project manager and the village head to assess the
project’s progress.
Evaluation activities will be carried out quarterly and will focus on the results or impact on
the target group. The monitoring and evaluation reports will be submitted to the Project
Team leader and donors.
Monitoring aspects:
- Administrative matters
- Project progress
- Incentive administration
- Financial status
Monitoring and Evaluation Tools and Activities:
- The project output matrix
- Informal interviews and discussion
- Official school record (enrollment record)
- Daily class record (attendance record)
- Observation during monthly village gathering, class hours, snack time, etc.
161
External Auditing
Contract auditors selected by the donors carry out external auditing. Aspects to be
audited include:
- Assessment of task completion
- Payment based on contracts
- Record of costs
- Accrued payment for contingency costs
10. Project Sustainability
Sustainability in the context of this project means the capacity to maintain its effectiveness
and extend its impact beyond the project time frame. Sustainability is one of the major
issues that Team KIBOU took into consideration for both the design and implementation
of the project. The sustainability of this project will be ensured by the following measures:
-
-
Encourage involvement of all stakeholders (villagers, NGOs, teachers,
volunteers, primary school students) throughout the project’s implementation;
Continued awareness-raising activities on the importance of primary education
among the villagers;
Identify and build up partnership with community-based NGOs for further
continuation of impact;
Encourage partnerships and communication between groups
(project manager with village heads and with volunteer leaders
and target group);
Establish local network for volunteers for further collaboration
and continuation of project output;
Skilled craftsmanship development for the target group;
Consider and respect local culture.
11. The Project Team Structure
Team Kibou is a civil society group composed of a majority of teachers from
ASEAN countries. Concerned with the educational woes of Laos, the group worked on the
project proposal to help solve problem in terms of improving primary education in a Lao
Theung community in collaboration with the Ministry of Education (MOE). In this
particular project, the group is seeking approval from MOE to take one school to work on.
The group will also on the responsibility of looking for funds for the project and other
related matters.
162
Figure 1.1: Overall Structure
Team KIBOU
Ministry of
Education
Donors
Project Manager
Assistant Proje ct
Manager
Village head
Volunteer
leaders
NGOs
Volunteers
Figure 1.2: Internal Structure of Team Kibou
KIBOU Team Leader
Budget
Bureau
Reports and
Communication Bureau
Monitoring and
Evaluation Bureau
12. Conclusion
Primary education is not only essential in achieving basic literacy and numeracy amongst
children, but also plays a crucial role in providing basic knowledge and skills and
motivating them to study further. Education serves as a door to the overarching goal of
poverty reduction, especially in developing countries like Laos.
Upon the successful implementation of the project, it is hoped that an improved literacy
rate in the Lao Theung community will be achieved. It is also hoped that the project will
have an impact on the mindset of the community towards education that will make them
actively seek ways to attain educational opportunities.
Furthermore, this project can be replicated in other marginalized communities in
developing countries where low awareness of education results in low literacy.
163
References
Andrea Matles Savada, ed. Laos: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the
Library of Congress, 1994. http://countrystudies.us/laos/
Basic Statistics of the Lao PDR 1975-2000. State Planning Committee National Statisticsl
Center.
Ethnic Groups in Laos. http://www.tribasia.com/HTML/Laos_ethnic_groups_profile.htm
Lao PDR: Gender, Povety and the MDGs. 2004. Asian Development Bank, Mekong
Department and Regional and Suatainable Development Department.
National Human Development Report Lao PDR 2001; Advancing Rural Development.
UNDP.
Project Report: The cooperation between Minister of Education of the Lao PDR and
UNESCO. 2004.
Statistics from UNFPA. http://www.unfpa.org/profile/compare.cfm
164
Observation Report
How to culture pearls
Khem David (To)
Cambodia
Wow, this was my first time observing on how to culture
pearls. I learned something that maybe other people haven’t
had a chance to learn. I learned about pearls while I was
visiting outside with my host family, they brought me to the
pearl museum called Mikimoto Pearl Island and I was
amazed at how the cultured pearls were made and, at the
same time, I also learned how to distinguish between fake
and real pearls.
In Cambodia, there is no such place, yet I feel this is a very
good business and I
dream of it for the future.
The smartest thing in this
business is putting extra value in processing many
products from pearls. I could see they don’t only culture
the pearls but also make jewelry as well as cosmetic
products for pearls that have irregular shapes. So, all
kinds of pearls and even the oyster shells can be used to
produce to something that is very valuable.
There are mainly two kinds of pearl-one is natural pearl and the other is cultured pearl
(Pearls people produce by feeding oysters in the sea). We can distinguish between these
two kinds of pearls, as follows:
Natural Pearl:
Let's imagine that the ciliary epithelial cells of the mantle
get into the tissue of the soft part of the oyster’s body. A
parasite coming into the shell stimulates the ciliary
epithelial cells of the mantle to migrate into the soft tissues,
and then a pearl sack is formed. The pearl sack secretes a
liquid, which crystallizes and grows layer by layer. A
natural pearl is formed in the body of the shell in this way.
Cultured Pearl:
In this case, the mantle cells are implanted into the gonads or other
soft tissues of the mother oyster and a pearl sack grows around
them. When cells are implanted at culturing farms, a nucleus,
which becomes the core of a pearl, is also inserted in order to
produce a pearl of a desired size.
166
In culturing freshwater pearls, however, using Ikechogai, freshwater mussels, mantle cells
alone are implanted
And also different types of oyster will produce different kinds of pearl, as shown below:
I noted that the color of the pearl will be produced in the same color as that of the plaque
that covers the inner part of
the shell (As you can see
from the picture)
Below is the process to culture pearls:
For culturing pearls, several farms in different locations, each with different conditions are
needed according to the different stages of the pearl culturing process.
Pearl Farm Headquarters: Breeding oysters,
raising oysters, preparing mother oysters, inserting
nuclei and mantle cells into the mother oysters, and
caring for them; this is the work of the farm.
Research facilities are annexed here to upgrade the
quality of the pearls. There are store houses for
various baskets and other equipment and also
accommodation facilities; a necessary part of he
farm's headquarters.
Main Culturing Farm: Recovering strength after implantation, mother oyster’s farm
pearls within their tissues here. Akoya pearl oysters need to be kept where the sea water
temperature does not fall below 13°C, and where currents flow and plankton is abundant.
Winter Farm: A farm has to cope with cold water in winter. Pearl oysters have to be kept
in the sea where the water temperature does not drop below 10°C.
Finishing Farm: Before harvesting pearls, oysters are kept here to ensure the best tone-ofcolor coating on the pearls.
How much is the most expensive pearl in Mikimoto?
¥ 35, 700,000 is the price of a pearl in
Mikimoto. Do you want to have a look? Ok,
here it is on the left. I’ll tell you, I could buy
a good house in my country for this amount.
Enjoy!
167
Japan: Working life style
Te Ponloeu(Meng)
Cambodia
I would like to share the
experience that I had during my
30 day stay in Japan. I did not
meet many people but I could feel
that the way of life in Japan is
quite unique from other countries
in South-East Asia. Before I
arrived here, there were many
questions on my mind regarding
how Japan could develop so fast
after World War II. Why is
Cambodia developing so slowly,
even after over ten years of peace
already?
This doubt I had often discussed with my Cambodian and ASEAN friends, especially my
Japanese friend whom I had a chance to talk with. This doubt was not only on my mind but
other people in my country also. We deeply discussed this problem, some people saying
that Japan is the land of sun, and that is why they have more energy to go faster than other
countries. Some said that Japan is a country surrounded by the sea, so, its production can
be exported to the world market very cheaply in terms of transportation.
One of my friends that is used to visiting Japan, about one week before I came here, talked
to me about a very crazy idea that “Japanese people are very polite, the manner of bowing,
and very slowly. It is hard to believe that they could develop their country in terms of hightech like this, it seems like God helped Japan to develop the country”.
In addition, I had asked a Japanese doing research for his masters degree in Cambodia to
finish his Master thesis on a topic related to Cambodia’s traditional ceremony conducted
by wise men. He told me that, after the world war II, Japan’s Human resources were not
lost, Japanese scholars still survived and lived in Japan, and they hold their hands together
as a team and worked very hard to achieve their goal. His response helped me to get a
clearer picture of how Japan developed the country very fast like this.
168
Other than this, I also had a very good
experience in the lesson of Professor. Yoshiharu
Tsuboi, Waseda University, School of Political
Science and Economics. He mentioned that the
longer the stay of an employee, the better pay
they get. So most of Japanese people
concentrate on their daily job and they do their
best to work for the company; they never ever
think of finding another job.
And I also noticed that, during the eight hours that they worked, it was really eight hour
working, as they could not relax or chat with others, which was my observation during my
visit to the Honda factory, production line.
Other than this, I also noticed that some Japanese work over time without getting paid, that
culture in my country is not yet popular.
Thus, in conclusion, we could say that Japan’s economic growth is fast today, because
most Japanese work a lot of hours a day. And both husband and wife work longer hours
and decide not to have children. Then, they don’t have to spend time and money on their
children. They only have their pet.
169
The Ever Timely Scheduled Japan
Maria Taslim(Maria)
Indonesia
In Indonesia, no one can predict the time needed for a trip to one destination.
The usual 40 min trip can take 2 hours on a busy day or even 3 to 5 hours on
extremely busy days! Yet in Japan, travel is timely and detailed. The time
schedule for the incoming bus to a station is informed, in detail, and up to the
minute. On our trip to Kyoto, when I saw the bus schedule, I was quite
surprised. I kept waiting to see whether there would be a bus that might not
be arriving as per the schedule. But too bad, there wasn't. The schedule is so
well-organized that you can just relax as long as you know the bus schedule.
I've been wondering about how they are able to manage the time schedule so
perfectly while there is always an external factor that might delay the bus,
such as a crowd getting on and off the bus, the traffic lights that might take
some time, waiting for 'last minute' passengers, or people crossing the road,
etc, etc. But somehow it doesn't impact highly on the bus schedule of the bus.
This is from an observation of 10 buses in which all 10 buses made it on time
as per the schedule on my previous visit to Kyoto.
This not only happens on the bus schedule but also the train schedule, subway,
traffic lights, lunch and dinner time, meeting times, and of course in the
IATSS Forum schedule itself. All are well planned and well executed to meet
the strict time schedule. Worse yet in Tokyo! People were all rushing as if it is
170
the only time in their lives! Is this the culture of Japanese people? How can
they manage to follow the strictness of time without being a burden in the
long run? Is it because Japanese people mentality of hard work; to waste even
a little bit of time might create ineffectiveness in the work result? Is this
somehow a pressure from the past success history of Japan as a pioneer of
the most advanced country in Asia?
When we went to Honda Factory for a study visit, I could see how this strict
time manner was practiced in the factory. Each assembly line had a time
target to achieve. Therefore, workers had a set time for the completion of
one task. They had a sort of mundane task which was repeated again and again
every day. It was amazing to see how they were able to manage their
motivation in the routines and time pressures of their working environment.
It makes me wonder whether Japanese people
creativity comes from this time strictness. It
might be that after the strictly day to day work,
Japanese people are trying to enjoy to their
fullest on the weekend and holiday. They need
the fun quality time to enjoy themselves. This
might inspire the creativity in creating this
enjoyment. We can see many Japan shows which
is very funny and creative. I have seen many shows where Japanese people try
to perform their talent in creativity, such as comedy mimicking, live show with
young artists which involve funny competition, etc. I think it's incredible to
see how this strictness can be channeled into a great creative and fun
outcome. I've noticed that in Japan most workers who have family will usually
spend their holiday together in a place as amusement park, picnic in park,
having good dinner, onsen and beer and just sleep and rarely looking for the
fun in shopping mall. I guess this relaxing ambience pattern also resulted from
the 'break' and to slow down from all the rush from their organized day
pattern. It's really interesting to see how a lifestyle culture connected one
and another and how it's specifically creating a pattern that is uniquely belong
to a country or people in this case Japanese people.
171
Agriculture in Japan
Yayuk Sri Rahayu(Yayuk)
Indonesia
The most striking feature of Japanese agriculture is the shortage of
farmland. Agriculture exists in every part of Japan. Crop production is vital
to Japan despite limited arable land (13% of the total area) and the highest
degree of industrialization in Asia. Steep land (more than 20°) has been
terraced for rice and other crops, carrying cultivation in tiny patches far up
mountainsides. Japanese farming is the world’s most intensive. During my 57
day stay in Japan, I observed that there are some unique techniques of the
Japanese agriculture system that can be used to improve the intensification
of agriculture in Indonesia.
Rice has been the most important agricultural product in
Japan. Rice paddies occupy most of the countryside,
whether on alluvial plains, the terraced slopes, or
wetlands and coastal bays. To maintain the production at
high level, modern methods, including commercial
fertilizers, insecticides, hybrid seeds, and machineries,
have been used so effectively that harvests have increased substantially.
Non-paddy farmland shares the terrace and lower
slopes are planted with many kinds of vegetables, such
as beans, barley, sweet potatoes, and fruit.
Intercropping is commonly used; such crops are
alternated with beans and peas.
The irrigation system is design effectively to support
irrigation in farm areas. Agricultural water management
has been well developed since Tokugawa period. Even
though some of the infrastructure is old, it is still clean
and well maintained.
Typical Japanese ‘kei trucks’ are widely used by farmers.
‘K’ means smaller than 660cc vehicles and have low taxes.
It is very popular for small work on farms, gardens and
172
fields. The road infrastructure is highly developed so it is easier for farmers
to use this small truck as their transportation.
Simple green houses are widely used to plant vegetables.
We don’t need a complicated and expensive green house
to plant vegetables. It is just a simple iron frame
covered with plastic. This technique is helpful to plant
vegetables during the rainy season.
Flowers and vegetables can be planted anywhere in the
house. It is not just to make the house look more
beautiful, but it can also be a source of income and food
for the family. No need to go to the market to buy some
vegetables since we can plant our own garden.
Plants everywhere! The shortage of land in the city has
created a creative idea to have greenery everywhere.
Even on top of the high rise building. When I went to the
Kyoto train station, on top of the building I found a
bamboo garden. They even had the sound of birds singing.
For a while, I thought that I was in a real garden, until I looked down… Maybe
someday there will be rice fields also on top of the buildings.
A new form of agriculture, Moku Moku Farm!
Moku Moku Farm was founded based on the cooperation
and mutual aid of agricultural producers to create a new
form of agriculture based on the philosophy of “farmer
and farms in a corporate organization.” This farm has
succeeded as an agri-community business, as a platform
for exchange between cities and the countryside, and to promote the
revitalization of the rural community. It is not only concerned with protecting
farming towns and the natural environment, but also with developing a social
system that will protect farms. The new life style trend in Japan, 5 days in
an urban area - 2 days in a rural area and higher concern about learning more
about food (the origin and how/what is made) has made the agricultural
sector an interesting sector.
Agriculture is the industry of the future. There is unlimited potential in
the agricultural sector which needs to be explored. I hope that in the next
10 years, I can have my own Moku Moku Farm in my hometown…
173
Japanese and environment
Netkham Southaluk(Net)
Laos
The environment is very important now, because animals and human beings could not
continue without nature. If people live in good conditions, situations, and a good
environment, they might be happy and have long life. So people should protect themselves
in many different ways to survive living in the world.
Japan is a civilized, industrialized country,
so before I came to Japan, I thought it
might be a very crowded country and
there might be bad air pollution. But
when I arrived here everything was
different from my preconceptions. The
Japanese live closely with nature; they
learn to protect themselves by developing
familiarity with nature or their
environment, such as houses with gardens,
cities with parks… that is one thing that
impressed me while traveling and
observing the places I visited.
From ordinary houses to modern buildings, you could easily find some gardens and trees
around them; the first thing that impressed me when I was traveling in Kyoto was on the
ninth floor of a hotel room’s window, I saw many trees and a small garden on the top of a
building beside the hotel.
I was surprised.
Flowers, trees or gardens are famous
in Japanese houses, with many
different styles of decorations. Some
houses are decorated with flowers
with different colors; some are planted
in different shapes or there are
different kinds of trees, so everywhere
is green, peaceful, and nice when
being looked at. I loved looking at the
greenery.
174
That is a way to protect our world if we want to live longer and safer with the environment.
Natural resources need people to take care and use them with value. If we cut down or
destroy nature, the effect might be quick in some places around the world, such as floods,
cyclones, fires, earthquakes …etc. So, to protect people’s lives, we have to learn how to
live with nature, how to improve nature or preserve it.
In the case of developing countries, such as the Lao government sometimes people are
encouraged to plant some kind of industrial trees, such as teak, ironwood, benzoin trees
(used in making perfumes), sticklac (used in varnish) and rubber plants. So many farmers
try to grow these kinds of plants by cutting down ordinary forests and then burning the
wood to plant. If we think that might be a good way to become an industrialized country
we should instead down forests only in some places that do not have thick trees, such as
around rice farms… etc.
Developing farms become tourist sites with nature preserved, fresh air and full of lessons
Moku Moku farm is one model for the world. You can visit and learn about new
agriculture farm styles, enjoy eating organic foods and a hot spring. The word that
describes ‘Japanese cool’ in my opinion is not because of people, but because they know
how to balance the use of nature and its enjoyment. Development is something we need to
do, but it might be good if we know how to live with nature.
I was deeply impressed with food decoration. You could see fresh raw fish, with beautiful
slices laid down on plates and sometimes decorated with flowers or vegetable leaves. So,
when I saw this, I could not stop picking up my camera to take photos. That was one
interesting thing in Japan.
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Reliably, Efficiently, and Timely – Means of Transportation in
Japan
Thongsavanh Khammanichanh(Thong)
Laos
Various transportation systems make city life easier. As we all know, the three absolute
means of transportation are by air, water, and land. I will hereby only focus on land
transportation as I witnessed it during 55 days in Japan. The main mean of transport by
land, both public and private, include Shinkansen, subway, train, bus, car, taxi, motorcycle,
bicycle, and push-pull cart, etc. All means are really crucial for working people, who are
under time constraints.
What caught my attention, regarding public transport in Japan, is its reliability, efficiency,
and punctuality of Shinkansen, subway, train, and bus. Of course, rail travel is common
and it is simple to say “yes”, but I was really impressed, and what attracted my attention,
by the buses that I rode in Kyoto. They are simply seen as a bus service in other countries.
But why did I choose this to be in my observation report? Oh, of course, there is definitely
something that differs from other buses in some other countries. You may agree with me
for this reason upon reading my observation, as follows:
I first thought that, upon listening to Mr. Oba’s explanation about how to use the 1 or 2 day
pass for both the bus and subway combination, it would somehow be difficult. But after
trying it out, it was as simple as Mr. Oba mentioned during orientation, he said, “you will
feel it is easy.” Thus, after trying it, I suddenly realized Ms. Seki’s lesson during Gasshuku
that “you achieve 30% of learning by listening, and about 70% by doing, with the best by
teaching.” I can confirm that I felt it was easy when I tried, riding on the public bus.
The bus service was definitely reliable. The first day of individual travel, groups of
participants always consulted their maps. Then, they stood by the bus stops and read out
the number of the bus and time of its arrival. I was definitely one of those doing that. I
stood and read at several bus stops, all of them were mostly the same. But when I left
Ginkakuji temple to wait for the bus to move on to my next destination, I noticed the green
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light signal on the bus stop’s board post which is used to post the bus’s schedule. I then
approached and found that they were signals showing the movement of certain buses you
were waiting for, meaning that whether a certain bus you are waiting for is approaching
you or not, is shown in the picture below. This reflects the reliability of the service.
Most of the bus drivers seemed, probably the company’s policy, to be practicing saving
energy (fuel) i.e. they stopped the bus engines while waiting for the green traffic signal. I
found this practice in most of the buses I was on for two days in Kyoto. I thus realized that
it is a regular practice of the drivers. It is a good way to save energy during days of
increasing fuel prices and it helps to reduce emissions into the environment.
The bus always started and arrived at certain stops at exactly the scheduled time. I
observed that the bus driver may have taken a bit longer. If he or she arrived at a certain
stop a bit earlier, they would wait for the time to start for the next stop. However, it was
also observed, during rush hours (4 pm to 6 pm), with heavy traffic, the buses were a bit
delayed in arriving at certain stops. But this was not a major problem for bus time
management.
Bus is coming in 5
minutes
Bus is coming in 3
minutes
The bus was orderly organized. There was only one driver working on the bus. It did not
need a fare collector like in other countries. This is a means of efficiency, as the passengers
are always responsible and cooperate. The entrance is only from the backdoor, while the
exit is from the front door. This keeps the orderliness of passengers, moreover, the bus
doors only opened at bus stops.
The bus fares always created convenience for the passengers. There were many options
such as 2 day passes, 1 day passes, 1 way tickets, etc. For those needing to travel several
times per day, 1or 2 day passes seemed to be the best option, because a 1 way pass cost
quite a lot i.e. 220 Yen for an adult and 110 Yen for children.
In conclusion: I was really impressed with the effectiveness of Japanese transportation
system. Japan creates convenience, reliability, efficiency, and punctuality to accommodate
its working people.
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“YO-IYASA-SA”
Khoo May Yin(Sakura)
Malaysia
The beauty of fabric is displayed by the skilled seamstress putting them
together, turning them into splendid master pieces. A book by the title
Memoirs of a Geisha made a deep impact on my memory
of the aristocrats in old Japanese history. The life of
Sayuri made me thirst for more knowledge of kimonos
and the delicate of dance art. I was hoping to catch the
136th Miyako Odori, which is held in Gionkobu Kaburenjo
near Yasaka Shrine marks the beginning of spring and
gives a poetic charm to the seasons. Sadly, I got
confused with the Gion Corner Kyoto Traditional Musical
Theater.
There was no proper tourist guide to explain, only picture posters of Miyako
Odori posted on the walls of every Gion Corner all written in Japanese. I only
obtained correct information after visiting the Kyoto handicraft centre. This
event was organized by Kyoto City Tourist Association Gionkobu Kabukai. The
IATSS staff informed me that there was nothing to see in the afternoon at
Gion Corner and reminded us not to visit it in the afternoon. Gion corner did
not amaze me as I have seen ikebana and koto (Japanese harp) before. It is
one of the musical instruments my close friend played with me when I was
young. I was solely captivated by the charm of Kyomai dance and nothing else
amazed me more at Gion Corner.
178
The beauty of Kimono and gorgeous dance created by the traditional Kyomai
schools captivated me long before my arrival in Japan. I was told that it takes
more than 6 months to produce their kimono and obi sash for well-established
Kyo-yuzen and Nishijin brocade manufacturers. I had high hopes of catching
the Geiko and Maiko dancers and that it could perhaps give me additional first
hand knowledge to understand the delicate art, as they believe that
everything has to be a masterpiece. Genji Monogatari – Tale of Genji. Miyako
Odori is composed of eight scenes in total. The grand finale was expected to
have 60 dances. The last performance was at 4:50 p.m. but I was 5 minutes
late. Shedding tears is all I could do and sadly wishing I could turn back the
time.
Fabric, as such, in Japan is a beauty shown on skilled textiles and by visiting
the Toyota Commemorative museum in Nagoya, I got to see how cotton is
sewn into threads and then processed into fabrics. While observing the
fabrics, I noticed a little flower logo behind a kimono. My curiousity was
answered by my home stay family as they showed me their family logo. It
seems that each family in Japan has a family logo and usually it is registered
in the nearby temple or shrine of their neighborhood. This interesting logo
has kept me investigating further into the roots of the origination of the logo.
Lastly, I’m crazy about cherry blossoms. My mom named me
Sakura for a very good reason as a hana-nature lover. During
my short stay, I have identified 5 different types of Sakura
trees in the few places I visited including Suzuka Circuit
hotel. Will I be able to get dressed up like a maiko? Geez, I
wonder.
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More insights of Japan’s railway transport!
Nantha Kumar Subramaniam(Nantha)
Malaysia
Did you know that Japanese people and the
railway transport system are inseparable? I’m
saying this because rail transport in Japan is a
major means of passenger transport, especially
for mass and high-speed travel between major
cities and for commuter transport in
metropolitan areas. The railway stations are
crowded with people who want to commute
from one place to another especially to visit
their friends, going shopping and also going to
their workplace, etc. During my stay in Tokyo,
I used the train intensively to move around
during my individual planned day. While in the train, or waiting for the train, I observed
that punctuality, concern for women and elderly people, bento and advertisement play an
important role in Japan’s railway transport system.
Punctuality
Japanese railways are very punctual even though they have many different lines operated
by different companies in which they share the same stations and tracks. I heard that the
average delay on the Tokaido Shinkansen (for example) in 2007 was only 0.6 minutes.
Wow! That’s so amazing. When trains are delayed for as little as five minutes, the
conductor makes an announcement apologizing for the delay. Japanese passengers rely
heavily on rail transit and take it for granted that trains operate on time, which the one I
was on did.
Electronic board showing the
train’s arrival time. Trains in
Japan are very punctual!
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Concern for Women and Elderly People
Ladies only car
I noticed that certain trains provide female-only cars on some trains. I also noticed that this
is done during the morning rush-hours and late night trains, and normally front or back car
of the train is allocated for this. I think this is done to overcome the problems of certain
male passengers who might take advantage of female passengers in the overcrowded cars.
By having these separate cars for women passengers, certain crimes such as sexual
harassments and pick-pocketing can be avoided. Make sure you give up your seat, or any
seats recently made available, to elderly, pregnant, and physically disabled passengers.
This is especially true for “priority” and “silver” seats: specially-colored seats reserved
specifically for passengers with special needs.
Special seats for those are
in need
Bento
An important aspect of Japan’s railway transport, especially for the trains on long journeys,
is the bento. Many stations around the country make special bento featuring local
specialties such as seafood, meat or vegetables. Including generous portions of rice, the
bento is a complete meal. It is often accompanied in a wooden or cardboard box and
chopsticks.
Bento inside the train is
very popular!
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Unique Train Advertisement
Several advertising posters which come in a variety of sizes, yet colourful and impressive,
are used in train stations and railway cars to draw the attention of people. There are too
many advertisements in the train and it is impossible that you will miss them. These
advertisements create some kind of “festival mood” in the train and the station. Besides
posters, there is also advertising played using mini televisions plugged into the train’s roof
that really attract your attention.
Colourful advertising inside the train
definitely attracts your attention!
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Lovely Culture!
Aung Khant Minn(JAMES)
Myanmar
The feeling inside my heart is what I noticed about the Japanese. Actually,
this feeling started when I stepped on the soil of Japan, from the hostess
and immigration officer. I felt that all Japanese people are very nice, gentle,
polite, honest, disciplined, dress simply, care for others and are highly
hospitable. That feeling still warms my heart because all the Japanese people
I met during my stay in Japan actually made me feel like that. It is an amazing
feeling! I like it!
Japanese way of thinking always leads to
safety and convenience. Currently, their
advanced technology is leading world
industries, but they still continue their
lovely practice. If we want to learn
knowledge about High-tech and business
practice, it is a bit difficult. It may take
time.
But as for their lovely culture, their
hospitability can easily be observed,
understood and felt deeply inside the
heart. It is a great pleasure for me to
feel like this.
Another thing I don’t really know is that why the Japanese can respect each
other so and how they can bow several times to everyone. Japanese people
do it not only for foreigners but also for everyone. Even Japanese children
have such behavior. It is very cute. It is a kind of natural practice, or what?
They even say “Doozo” or “Arigato”
while doing everything. I understand
that means to “Carry on” or “Thank
you”. And it is a kind of welcome or
acceptance of others.
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Moreover the Japanese love to talk to each other modestly with respect.
What I want to say is, they talk and do everything with their heart and soul.
Sometimes I felt uncomfortable because I
am a kind of playful guy and they were very
formal in many circumstances. I felt like I
was rude in their society as we could not
always give respect and could not be polite
like them. Every time, Japanese people, not
only in the service industry but also from
other industries, behave like that naturally.
So, I cannot stand it any longer, as usual, and I do really want to pay my
gentle respects to them. Now I am practicing a lot to acquire this kind of
beautiful culture. That is what I could deeply feel and observe from Japanese
society. Their way of speaking and the way of their actions were very cute to
me. It was very nice. Their beautiful practice and culture inspired me a lot to
write about them. Actually, I have so many things to write about in their
lovely social culture, such as the way they eat, especially soup; the way they
say thanks for food and the way they greet each other
depends on the time and conditions with honor and respect.
I could observe a bit of their working culture as well.
Japanese people are very loyal to their work and they are a
kind of workaholics and “schedulists.” Mostly they work
more than ten hours a day. They try to finish their duties
with a strong sense of responsibility. From my experience
at the Forum, they are very keen to make details and exact
schedules for every function or activity.
Another thing is, when I talked with the Japanese
volunteers, I was as surprised that they had been
working for only one company for about twenty or thirty
years already. Imagine; how is their working life? I think
it is boring. But for them it is a kind of loyalty to their
employer. If they work longer, they get better pay. I
believed, such a practice is good for both employees and
employers,” it is a win-win situation.” I am sure, that is a
real incentive for them to reach this stage. Japan, world
innovative and modernized country, is full of surprises
and highly traditional. I love it all……!!!
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Amazing the secret of success ~ Japanese Best Practices!
Ms. Cho Thiri Maung(Cho)
Myanmar
Today, growing competition and the turbulent global business environment are compelling
companies to continuously improve their activities and organizations, regardless of the
industry they are in. Four years ago, I learned about some Japanese practices that could
enhance productivity and upgrade the quality of their products, work environment and the
work itself. Luckily, I got the opportunity to learn and see real Japanese practices during
our trip to Honda Motor Factory (Suzuka). Before starting the factory tour, Mr. Yoshiyuki
Sawaki, Branch Manager explained the best practices that are in use at HONDA Motor
Co.,Ltd and this inspired me to remember the approach of KAIZEN and INNOVATION.
KAIZEN ~ the gradualist approach
KAIZEN is a typical Japanese concept for improvement based on a process-oriented
approach. It means continuously improving one’s personal life, home life and working life.
It is often un-dramatic and incremental. The characteristics of KAIZEN are
Continuous improvement
Accumulation of small steps
Total employee involvement
INNOVATION ~ the great-leap approach
INNOVATION is another approach to improve activities. It is dramatic and a real
attention-getter. The characteristics of INNOVATION are
Technology and result-oriented
Application of highly professional technology
Big step
During the presentation, I was pleased to
KAIZEN PLUS INNOVATION
know that HONDA Motor Co., Ltd.
DESIRABLE PROGRESS BY
concentrates on Kaizen in their employee
COMBINATION OF TWO
involvement program because it is within
APPROACHES
the control of every manager and
supervisor. It can enhance the quality of
INNOVATION
working life and also improves the quality
of products and services. The effect of
KAIZEN
KAIZEN is productivity and quality
improvement based on existing human
INNOVATION
and physical resources.
MAINTENANCE
ANDARD
NEW ST
MAINTENANCE
On the other hand, HONDA Motor Co.,
Ltd. also focuses on INNOVATION towards desirable progress. I believe that the key
factors in productivity and quality improvement are technologies and management systems.
But without human resources, these elements could never be effectively utilized. The
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success of productivity movement is largely due to the emphasis placed on the human
factor. Labor management cooperation is one of the major pillars of the productivity
movement. Moreover, it is necessary for all employees to participate in improvement
activities for the working environment, daily operation, maintenance of machinery and
equipment, conservation of energy and materials, etc. Finally, I realized that a combination
of INNOVATION and KAIZEN can accelerate and improve productivity for future
progress.
5 s Practice
When I arrived in Japan, I saw 3s practice everywhere and I was really impressed that the
3s were used in all places. Actually, 3s come from 5S which is a Japanese initiative for
improvement based on a process-oriented approach. It is a disciplined step-by-step
approach to keeping the workplace clean and well-organized. It is also a starting point for
productivity and quality improvement especially in the manufacturing industry.
SEIRI = SORT: To sort and systematically discard items that are not needed in the
workplace.
SEITON = ORDERLINESS: To arrange necessary items in a neat and systematic manner.
SEISO = CLEANLINESS: To clean and inspect workplace thoroughly.
SEIKETSU = STANDARDISE : To maintain a high standard of workplace organization.
SHITSUKE = SUSTAIN: Train people to practice the 5S system so that it becomes
habitual and ingrained in the culture of the organization.
5S CYCLE
SEIRI
Sort out
unnecessary items
in the workplace
and
discard them
SEIKETSU
Maintain
workplace so that
it is productive
and comfortable
by repeating 3S
SEITON
SHITSUKE
Train people to follow
good work habits.
5S IS FUNDAMENTAL TO
Arrange necessary
items in good order
so they can easily
be selected
for use
SEISO
Clean your
workplace completely
so that there is
no dust on floors,
machines or
equipment
PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT
41
I believe that in order to achieve
customer satisfaction and meet market
demands, we must be able to manage
our workplace and effectively process
it. This process generates what we call
productivity. Productivity is an
essential measure for evaluating the
performance. In our workplace, we
need to develop 5S for continuous
improvement.
More benefits that I observed in
practicing the 5S are as follows:
Eliminate unnecessary things or waste and the workplace will be better- organized.
Reduce search time, improve space utilization, and working conditions
Avoid breakdown, extending machine life-span and enhance process efficiency
Improve facility and capability, reduce the breakdown of facility and cycle time
and eliminate causes of accidents and injuries
Reduce careless mistakes and improve human relations among workers
Finally, I am assured that the 5S practice is not only a cleaning job, it is also a fundamental
approach to building a positive and disciplined work culture in the organization. Therefore,
successful implementation of the 5S activities requires management commitment,
employees’ participation and cooperation, and continuous encouragement.
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KAIZEN IN JAPANESE TOILET
Altis Anecita Trasmonte (Annie)
Philippines
My first experience inside the toilet proved true my expectation of Japan as
a high-tech country. When I used it for the first time, I couldn’t help myself
but laugh out loud, and at the same time, almost afraid I might push the
wrong button and be caught up in an embarrassing situation. Thank God,
toilets in Japan are user-friendly. My sense of wonder continued for weeks,
such that every time I was inside the toilet doing “my thing”, I just couldn’t’
help but think about the genius behind the user-friendly, super clean rest
room.
I really admire the person who first
thought of putting gadgets inside the
toilet to make things a lot easier. For
instance, you just have to get rid of that
“something”
that
makes
you
uncomfortable, and the push-button
scheme of clearing up the “mess” does
the job really well. Push the SPRAY or
BIDET button, and you’re fine. Some
even have dryers! That I can really call a
COMFORT ROOM! Ang galing! (Amazing!)
Super clean, super
modern Japanese toilet
high-tech
Several times, I would position myself to take a peek (quite difficult to do), so
I could see how the SPRAY, BIDET and OSCILLATING functions work with
such precision to make sure a bull’s-eye for the target.
Then I would
calculate in my mind the number of times the inventor or manufacturer had to
observe the operation and develop some parts to get maximum user or
customer satisfaction. Kaizen! That’s the word.
When I visited Nagoya and Tokyo, I became more amazed by the toilets I
187
found there. Some have touch-screen command for flushing. Others have
musical flushing sound! Although I could not make out the tune being played,
I knew I was listening to some kind of music. You can make any noise inside
the cubicle (even the not-so-good-to-listen-to), and the music does the trick
to save you from embarrassment. You can even try some hip-hop moves given
enough space.
I’m thankful I got the chance to see one old-style Japanese toilet in a museum
in Kuwana City courtesy of my host family. While studying its features, I
realized how technology can make a big difference. The old toilet pales in
comparison with the modern one. The old one is made of wood and lacks the
basic features for users’ comfort: warm
seat, water heater with pressure adjuster,
deodorizer, cleaning functions, and pushbutton or easy-twist flush. And you know
what is the worst part? Try to imagine
this: You want to get rid of that
“something” in your large intestine. You
squat on the wooden floor with a rectangle
opening just enough for you to spread your
legs. Let go of that “something” and you
can probably hear
Antiquated, old-style Japanese
it hit the bottom of the excrement container a.k.a. septic tank with a
splashing sound or a thud, depending on what you have just eaten! Worse, you
get to smell several-days-old human waste. OMG! That’s yucky, duh! After
that experience, would you still find the next meal mouth-watering? Through
technology, however, we no longer have to go through this uncomfortable
experience inside the comfort room. To the Japanese genius behind this
technology, my hats off to you!
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The Hands of the Geisha
Gomez José Edgardo Jr. Abaya(Jed)
Philippines
It may seem odd, but one of the first things that I noticed about the Japanese was
the size of woman’s hand in proportion to their bodies. I observed the physical trait during
my first week in Japan, as I noticed first how the similar height and body shape in the
IATSS Forum staff tapered in gentle, well-formed arms. Then remarkably, their arms
ended in rather large hands compared to the hands of women in my country—and even
compared to the hands of other Southeast Asian female participants. Even while walking
in Ise and while having meals with my homestay family, I noticed how many women
possessed the same five well-shaped digits and the fleshy palms whose immaculately fair
skin caught my eye. Though it may seem an odd fetish, I believe that Japanese women’s
hands are worth my commentary here, as they seem to tell us something about Nihon
culture.
MASUMI-SAN’S HANDS – note the vein
on the slightly larger right hand – a sign of
more muscle mass employed.
Why then, are Japanese women’s hands
apparently well-formed, like worker’s hands—but
still remain feminine; beautiful but not so delicate,
like the white branches of a sturdy tree rather than
its fragile blossoms? I will try to make some
reasonable conjectures in this essay, which I hope
will at least provide the reader with food for
thought. It is my earnest desire to give candid but
harmless expression to my thoughts, and if
possible, I hope to elicit good humor from my
Japanese
readers—
especially the young ladies.
1. The Homemaker’s Hands - From talking with
Japanese people, especially my homestay family and
their neighbors, I have learned about the indispensable
A Thai Woman’s Hands – note the less
role of the Japanese woman in ensuring a safe, warm, substantial overall mass and form.
clean, and happy domicile for the family. After at
least 1,300 years of existence, the Japanese woman has perhaps evolved into her present
physical form—including big hands, because of much of the manual work that she must do.
Throughout Japanese history, her hands have been needed to carry loads, to do gardening,
to prepare meals (like hand-rolled sushi and hand-sliced sashimi), and to care for the
children. It is quite plausible that such hands have evolved in response to the demands of
domestic living, especially because traditional Japanese men do not usually do housework.
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2. The Clerical Laborer’s Hands – closely related to her role in the home is the woman’s
contribution to society. From the 1950s through to the 1970s, many women were also
employed in factories and other work areas as laborers doing clerical jobs and servicerelated tasks. To this day, it is not uncommon to observe women working in nearby
Family Marts and other convenience stores. There are women using their hands for
assembling objects in factories, for arranging items on shelves, or simply for folding
clothes—all the seemingly menial engagements that help to contribute to the steady
rhythm of daily life. Even the women that we met at the police station had similar hands.
3. Eating Habits That Affect Hand Shape – of course, when it comes to food, the
Japanese eat with chopsticks. There are several ways to hold the chopsticks, depending on
whether one is putting food in one’s mouth, reaching for food in a common plate, or trying
to eat ramen from a well-stocked soup bowl. Every situation however, requires dexterity
on the part of the person eating, and perhaps even more grace when dining with someone
important like Emperor Akihito, for instance.
In some cases, the Japanese forego
chopsticks and opt to eat with their hands, when it is all right to do so. Thus, the habitual
use of the hands when using chopsticks or when
MIWA-SAN’S HANDS – note again the
eating without utensils would probably add to the
sizable right hand and substantial fingers—
suppleness of the woman’s hands.
a sign of sustained manual activity.
4. Talents That Require Hand Usage – Work is
not the only thing that could have influenced the
evolution of Japanese womens’ hands, as even the
women of Southeast Asia seem to be engaged in
similar work, though perhaps not with the same
frequency throughout their lives. There is art,
music, and other activities that require life-long
dexterity.
Painting calligraphy, cutting and
folding origami, creating dainty handicrafts, and playing the koto, the shamisen, or the
biwa, are all reasons for these hands. And of course, there may be the skill of shiatsu
massage that Japanese men appreciate in their women. Indeed, it is a only a creative and
compelling geisha who can communicate to men effectively with her hands in spite of her
purposeful silence!
5. Hands as Expressions of Natural Beauty –
ultimately, we need not find evolutionary or scientific
reasons for the size and shape of the hands of the
female Nihon-jin. They are simply there, to be
enjoyed and discovered…by the society that values
such hands in its womenfolk. In movement or in
stability, their hands are among the finest objects of
grace and corporal eloquence that a traveler may
encounter in this strange and wonderful land.
A Singaporean Woman’s Hands –
note the slender wrists and fingers.
For all these reasons, and hopefully more, I will therefore remember the hands of Japanese
women very fondly when I leave Japan two months from now. Perhaps, if I am fortunate,
I shall also experience what it is like to hold one before I leave…***
190
UNDERSTANDING THROUGH MISUNDERSTANDING
SURAYA YA’AKUB(SU)
Singapore
I was amused to see the communication tools that the participants used to
communicate with one another. During the 4 days of Gasshuku or team
building, I saw the participants talk without much use of hand gestures or
facial expressions. Slowly, as we went through the challenging days of
Gasshuku, my co- participants and I communicated through our body language
such as facial expressions and hand gestures.
One of the lessons learned from Gasshuku was that body language is also part
of communication. However, it is usually neglected. Understanding through
misunderstanding was a crucial learning point for me and some of the other
participants. To avoid being misunderstood, I tried to use simple English,
speak slowly and clearly and hoped to be understood. I also used a lot of body
language and facial expressions to get my point across.
It has been an interesting learning experience, I wonder what happens if we
sit on a government body and continue to use the wrong words and are
continually misunderstood?!
The team trying to coordinate
hands without using words.
Luckily, humour is a common denomination here in the IATSS forum. Most of
us were determined to make our fellow participants and administrators laugh
everyday. I applaud those who made my day with a funny joke or two.
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I observed there are several kinds of humour. One is the 'Charlie Chaplin'
kind of humour. They are the ones who are naturally funny, like Mikio -san,
our Japanese administrator. His bodily movements and speech and facial
expressions were so animated and expressive that we frequently smiled or
laughed in between seminars because of his funny ways.
Moreover, Mikio-san was so adorably helpful. He would try to help us in any
way he could, even though he did not understand our request. We would try
to break down our questions or requests of him into simpler sentences so that
he could understand. Moreover, his sincerity and comical ways touched our
hearts many times over.
Mikio-san at his best!
Making us laugh!
There were many 'Jokers' in the 43rd batch of participants. Their jokes
ranged from sarcasm to slapstick, I usually laughed at the ones which I
understood and smiled at those that I can't. There were some of us who used
jokes to defuse the tension of a serious discussion. There were also clowns
among us who joked about anything and everything around us.
Nevertheless, jokes were used to build bonds between us in good and bad
times. Jokes and humour remedied the stress and fatigue due to the
gruesome schedule of the forum.
Laugh and the whole
world laughs with you!
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GETTING INSIDE THE JAPANESE WAY OF THINKING & FEELING
Tey Len Huat Leslie(Leslie)
Singapore
What struck me most when I arrived in Japan was the Japanese language which is
made up at three separate writing systems, Kanji (漢字), ideographs borrowed
from the Chinese, hiragana (平仮名) and katakana (片仮名).
In my opinion, Nihongo is a manifestation of Japan’s
progressive ability to absorb external influences and
yet maintain its distinctiveness, where the native
language is able to facilitate modernization without
compromising Japanese-ness.
Fig 1: Nihongo sign
In fact, the Japanese have coined many neologisms
using Chinese root words and morphed them to into
new concepts.
Interestingly, these new words were subsequently “re-exported” back to China for
use in Chinese vocabulary. Examples include politics 政治 (seiji) and chemistry 化
学 (kagaku), which are Chinese in origin but coined by the Japanese.
In more recent times, this phenomenon is observed with wasei-eigo or made-inJapan English. Examples include words such as wanpat n (ワンパターン), which
means to be in a rut or to have a one-track mind, and supermarket has been
adapted and shortened into s p (スーパー).
Another experience that I would like to relate is that of going to the onsen (温泉).
Onsen are public baths with water usually coming from underground hotsprings.
The water contains many minerals which are said to soothe, relax, and heal the
body.
In the past, many homes in Japan were not
equipped with bathtubs. To fill this void, the
neighborhood sento (銭湯), or public bath was a
place where locals could go to wash themselves,
soak in a tub and socialize with neighbours.
Fig 2: Historical drawing of a sento
A trip to the onsen or sento involves much
etiquette and observation of rituals. Although the Japanese are usually very
understanding if foreigners make cultural mistakes, the public bath is one area
where the uninitiated can seriously offend regular customers.
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The first is that of cleanliness, where guests are expected to wash their bodies and
rinse themselves thoroughly before entering the hot water. The indoor baths have
taps with removable shower heads and stools to sit on. Entering the onsen while
still dirty or with traces of soap on the body is unacceptable.
Next is nakedness. Onsen are enjoyed naked and swimsuits are not allowed. It is
the custom to bring a small towel into the bathing area, with which you can
increase your privacy while outside of the water. However, once you enter the bath,
you are to keep the towel out of the water. Some people place their folded towels
on top of their heads, although I have been told that this is normally done by the
older customers.
Then enter the bath and soak for a while. After soaking for a while, get out of the
bath and wash your body with soap at a water tap, while sitting on a stool again.
Then, re-enter the bath and soak some more.
After you have finished soaking, you should never rinse your body with tap water.
This is for the minerals to have healing effects on your body. In fact, it takes
several hours for the minerals to be absorbed into the skin. Therefore, this
requires letting the water stay on your skin.
The onsen experience is the embodiment of
Japanese society’s attention to detail and ritual. As
with Japanese martial arts (in Kendo) or even the
tea ceremony and flower arrangement, the rituals
themselves become more meaningful when one
probes beyond the surface of things.
Fig 3: My co-participant at a Onsen
I really admire Japanese imagination and creativity. Their ability to eclectically
absorb outside influences, as well as continually pioneer reinventions from within
is something which I’ve always appreciated. I believe this strong tradition of
maintaining relevancy enables Japan to remain well-poised to take its rightful
position on the global stage.
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Japanese traditional morals and values of “Shinto”
Jirada Singkhonrat(Tai)
Thailand
My life-time experience has thought me that success is not only an answer for
happiness, but also a good attitude and state of mind. I am always fascinated
by success in various aspects of Japan, such as the living standard, Japanese
culture and technology, etc. I was impressed that all Japanese are highly
responsible on their work and show great respect to others. This might be the
reason behind all the success in their quality of life and fast economic growth.
My imagination about Japan was mainly of high technology and crazy
youngsters. In contrast, the traditional Japanese styles and houses generally
look harmonious with nature with neutral colors, beautiful flowers and many
trees. It is similar to many western countries; those developed countries, how
nice and well-organized they are. I was introduced to “Shinto” during my first
visit to the countryside in Ise, Mie prefecture.
What a surprised! There was incredibly
beautiful scenery of the Japanese countryside
with rice fields, mountains, especially, cherry
blossoms (I was lucky to see them just before
the end of the “Sakura” season). The Japanese
have very well-maintained their forests, showed
how concerned with nature they are. It
emphasizes that we are just a part of nature.
We visited the grand Shrines of Ise (Jingu) on the way back to Suzuka city.
What is a shrine? A shrine is a sacred place for “Shinto” devotees who believe
the way of the gods or spirits. I was also very impressed to sense those
spirits of nature respectfully appreciated as a source of life. Most of the
trees seem to be nearly a hundred years old and incredibly preserved.
A massive gate, leads to a grand space of nature with a few huge timbers
inside, and the main building. Masumi-san explained that reconstruction of the
new main Shinto building traditionally happens every 20 years. Surely, it
creates a great concern for the Japanese in order to preserve what they have
today for the next generation and maintain this traditional way. Wow, it
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seems to me that “Shinto” has remained unchanged nature for almost two
thousand years.
To distinguish between “Shinto” and Zen
Buddhism, I visited six temples and three
shrines during my two-day trip to Kyoto. I also
experienced Zen meditation in Kennin-ji by
sitting peacefully in front of a stunning rock
garden. I was only in a relaxed state of mind
which I knew was an early stage of meditation.
It was quite easy to achieve when I started
feeling like one of those rocks!
I found that the temples are very well-decorated, but don’t have much
religious practice such as Buddhism in Thailand; discovering the nature of the
mind itself, turning the eye inward and realizing emptiness. Zen in Japan must
be influenced by Shinto belief with the unity with nature, which can create
emptiness easier and can lead to certain enlighten. Unfortunately, I don’t
know any Zen practitioners who can share actual achievement in meditation.
Surprisingly, my host family didn’t know much about the differences between
“Shinto” and Buddhism. It seems to me that the modern Japanese are not
interested in any religions. Therefore, they tend to forget to nurture their
minds and to maintain good mental health. Their daily life is busy enough
coping with work and family without much freedom. Each member of the
family definitely has great discipline which supports well-organized and
successful society. However, I rather see every nation have a happy people in
their society.
After World War II, Japan wrongly believed that the culture of Western
countries, capitalism and a free market economy were the best concepts of all.
Japan has literally lost its religion and is ignorant about the psychological
disciplines. A shrine is just a place to celebrate and pray for their wishes. A
temple is there for funerals which. In Thailand, we have started to face the
same situation. I find that Japanese have a great concept of beliefs. The
human being should be equal with nature and not above it; respect for nature
and everything around us is imperative. Lots of cultures are threatened
around the world. I admire Japan developing its wisdom through martial arts
and religion. However, diversity is a struggle with the people of ASEAN now;
soon ASEAN will become monotonous if we let our cultures fade into by
globalization. I am sure that we can create a better place to live and happier
communities if we bring back and strengthen our local cultures.
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Biking in Japan: FUN and SAFE!
Sasiporn Srabua(Aey)
Thailand
“Biking in Japan is FUN!!” That
was what I was told before coming to
Japan. Is that true? Let’s prove it!
Actually, before I came to Japan, I
imagined that biking in Japan could be
risky on the road. But … I found out once I
got here that I was completely wrong. You
can see lots of Japanese people biking
along the road everyday. Even kids; they bike to school. My host family let
their 6-year old girl bike to school everyday. Also, one of the Japanese
volunteers, who was 78 years-old, biked from Yokkaichi to Suzuka to attend
one seminar. It implies that he is very healthy and Japanese enjoy biking, even
though, he had to bike for 1 hour and 30 minutes. He said “I had fun while
biking because I could see the scenery and it is safe to bike here in Japan”.
“Why can’t I?” This question came into my
head? I’ve been here in Japan for a few
weeks already but I still feel hardly about
biking. Of course, I can bike but maybe not
so skillfully. That’s why I was not confident
to bike along roads in Japan. Actually,
Japanese ride on the left-hand side the
same as Thailand. “Why don’t I try it?”
And then the day came, my first time
touching a Japanese bicycle! Surprisingly, I saw something on my right hand.
“What was that?” The answer was “a gear”. I was thinking for a moment. And
then, I realized that the Japanese bicycle is totally different from the
bicycles that I’ve seen in Thailand. “No gears!!” “Why do they have a gear
shift here?” The answer from Japanese was that it is necessary and helpful
for riding up and down hills all the time. Yes, and that’s the reason why I don’t
commonly see bicycles with gears in Thailand because there are no hills in
Bangkok at all, where I live.
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Luckily, I had a chance to participate
in “bicycle safety training”, offered by
IATSS. I don’t think that I have had such
nice training like this in Thailand. What I
learned from Mr.Aiura, a staff member from
the Suzuka Mobility Research Office, was
very impressive, interesting and useful. He
taught me a lot of lessons, including how to adjust handlebars and the bicycle
seat, how to get used to the brakes, basics of bicycle travel, and basics of
confirming safe conditions. One of his concerns was that I needed to look
behind myself every time I started and made a turn. More new information
that I found was that there is a difference between the left-hand and the
right-hand break. The left-hand break is for the front wheel to slow down and
the right-hand break is for the rear wheel to stop immediately.
After I finished the training, I certainly felt much more confident
biking along the road. And I really wanted to go outside. Then, I biked to
Jusco with some friends. It was fun! Biking in Japan was not risky at all. I
felt really safe on the road because, in Japan, there are side-roads for
bicycles only, which we don’t have in Thailand. Surprisingly, the front light
autonomically came on when it started to get dark, even though it was just
5:30pm.
From the wonderful trip in Kyoto, I also
saw lots of Japanese biking everywhere.
Interestingly, they could park their bicycles in
the parking spaces; most were close to the bus
stop. It was easy for them to catch the bus
and take their bicycles back when they got off
the bus, typically on the same day. As I
interviewed some Japanese, they said “you can park your bicycle overnight
without risk”. Furthermore, Japanese bikers usually wear helmets while biking,
which can protect them from injury. I saw various fascinating styles of
helmets, which are uncommon in Thailand. More safety awareness comments
for the bikers are the pedestrian lights. Most bikers stop at the intersection
whenever they see the red light. I look forward to seeing all of these
concerns addressed in Thailand, as well. All of these experiences guaranteed
that biking in Japan was certainly safe and fun. No need to be scared
anymore!! I really had a great time while biking along the roads and seeing
the magnificent scenery in Japan, especially the rice fields and sunset. Now,
I’m ready to bike anywhere in Japan. Let’s go BIKING!!
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MOBILE PHONE USE FOR FOREIGNERS IN JAPAN
Nguyen Thanh Tung(Tung)
Vietnam
In Vietnam, the most convenient way to communicate is to use cellular phone
technology. All you need to do is buy a pre-paid phone-card and you can be in
touch wherever you go. Recharge the card when your talking time is over. All
incoming calls are free in Vietnam, regardless of where the calls come from.
The local rate for local calls and the charges for international calls per minute
are also very reasonable. The primary cellular phone system in Vietnam are
GSM, also there is a CDMA system but it is not very popular.
According to my knowledge, Japan is a leader in
mobile phone technology and usage with about
75% of the population owning one. Mobile phones
are everywhere, and they are constantly
equipped with new features such as internet
browsers, games, cameras, televisions, electronic
wallets/ train passes, GPS/navigation and music
players. But, due to different technologies,
almost all of the foreign mobile phones may not
work in Japan, because there is no GSM network, so GSM phones do not work.
On the contrary, the majority of Japanese phones
will not work overseas due to network differences
as well. Generally speaking it is not possible to use a
Japanese phone with a foreign service provider
because most do not use SIM cards and the few
that do are locked and are difficult to unlock. Also,
Japanese phones are designed at the hardware and
software level to work with only a particular service
provider (Softbank, NTT DOCOMO, aubyKDDI…).
As a result, they are not interchangeable even between Japanese service
providers.
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When I came here, I could not find a way the use my Vietnamese mobile
phone, i.e. Nokia E65 which is designated for GSM system with SIM card. So,
I tried to get a local one and rent a mobile phone. Then I found out that
renting a mobile phone requires a picture ID and a credit card, and is the only
way for the typical foreign visitors to get
a telephone in Japan. The fees for rental
phones vary and usually consist of the
rental fee (typically 250-1000 yen per day)
plus a usage fee (typically 70-200 yen per
minute outgoing domestic, incoming free).
Buying a phone in Japan as a foreigner
seems to be impossible if we do not have
any friends here. Japanese phones are not
sold alone. Buying a phone means making a
postpaid monthly contract, except prepaid
phones. It is necessary to have some form of Japanese official document
(Japanese ID, Driving License, Japanese Alien Registration Card, etc.) to get
a prepaid or new contract cell phone service. This might be aimed at stopping
illegal cell phone use; but unfortunately excludes foreigners, like me, who only
want a phone for legal purposes. Anyway, it may be possible for us to have a
Japanese friend apply for service with an account in his or her name (meaning
that he will be responsible for our usage). So purchasing a pre-paid phone
would be possible then. In other words, with prepaid phones we must purchase
the phone and pre-buy credit which can be bought at cell phone stores and
convenience stores.
Using a phone with subscription plans also could be
the way but it is only available to residents and
requires an alien registration card and a Japanese
bank account. With subscription plans we pay for our
usage at the end of a monthly billing cycle as opposed
to prepaid phones where we buy our usage before
using it. The phones themselves can be free although
that typically requires a 2 year contract. All the
latest and most advanced phones are available with
subscription plans and the selection of handsets is
huge.
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Japan – A beautiful human-oriented monoculture
Van Thi Minh Huyen(Huyen)
Vietnam
My two-page report ambitiously mentions some of the many observations I
have made during the 57-day stay in Japan. I love the specifically Japanese
human-oriented culture.
1. Convenience to more convenience: “Bring from convenience to more
convenience to your customers” is the phrase I was particularly interested in
when I attended a marketing course given by a Japanese lecturer. Therefore,
it was a valuable chance for me to take part in this Forum and actually
observe Japanese society and confirm my assumptions and understanding. It
seems that not only marketers but also manufacturers, producers and service
providers are conscious about user convenience. Everything is designed and
placed in terms of convenience from the customer and user perspectives.
Firstly, as a guest living in this hotel for two
months, I find the placement of the ironing
board and the light above convenient. In the
photo, the ironing board placed on a metal desk
is firmer than on a normal stand. A light just
above the board helps your ironing a lot.
Simple, but not many people can think of!
Moreover, the arrangement of all the laundry electronic
devices also brings comfort to users, mainly homemakers.
The dryer is right above the washing machine, just a simple
action, the washed clothes can move into the dryer. Can you
imagine how burden of housework is reduced substantially by
convenient facilities!
In the commercial world, convenience store chains like Family
Mart go to great lengths to satisfy customers by bringing them
convenience in buying goods and using their services. Therefore,
as the Family Mart stores motto goes, “move along with
customers to become the store closest to heart!”
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2. Safety to more safety (Safety first):
SAFETY is a common word found everywhere in
every situation. In construction sites, factories,
all means of transport (whether public or
private), people are educated and reminded of
being safe and keeping others safe. Safe
behavior in driving and doing things that are
highly appreciated in Japanese society. I remember the saying of our
Gasshuku’s instructor, Ms Tomoko Seki, in all games we played, “Everyone,
make sure that you are not hurt by others and you don’t hurt others!” So,
here in Japan, human security is the center of all activities.
3. Discipline to more discipline
It first seemed hard for me as a foreigner to comply
with regulations and rules in Japan. However, as time
went by, I have discovered that disciplined citizens
make up a civilized society. Being punctual, 3S or 5S
rules, and careful planning and preparation, etc. are
part of the wisdom of success for Japan now. In turn,
these unchanged principles help the attainment of purposes, the achievement
of difficult targets, and enjoyment of life. Everyone is happy living in
discipline!
4. Conservation to more conservation
In general, there is a growing
awareness
of
environmental
protection, but in Japan the picture
vividly shows how the natural
environment is conserved and more
Japanese people are conscious about
healthy foods. I admire the beautiful green scenery in the
places I have visited, the business models to attract young people to focus on
sustainable agriculture, such as Moku Moku Farm, the separation of garbage.
Surely, human beings benefit most from a cleaner environment!
In conclusion, Japan today owes it development and civilization to those “from
…to more…” traits. It is worth it for other countries to learn from this good
example and to be more human-oriented.
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Accomplishment
Report
My Heart Believes My Hope
Where My Dream Comes True
Khem David
Cambodia
Since the first day that I have arrived at Nagoya airport, I had a
special feeling that now my dream had come true. With the
excitement and enough preparation, I’m ready for this forum.
With 3 hours transit at Sovannaphumi airport, I had already
enjoyed the shopping and was glad that I could meet up with
some friends from Laos, Myanmar, Laos, Thai, and Vietnam.
In the morning of 7th April I met all the people from the other
countries and the very warm welcome and greeting from
IATSS members made us feel especially warm and really want
to stay here longer.
Along the way while we were travelling by bus, most of the
people were amazed with the wonderful view of Japan, especially the Sakura blossoms.
Along the way, we could observe the house styles and trees and plantations, with very
good irrigation systems, which made Suzaka city a good place for both farming and living.
Along the way we also saw the port of Nagoya which used to be the biggest port for
imports from all over the world for the last 20 consecutive years. We also saw the Honda
factory, which we planned to visit during our stay as well.
Oh, I had already arrived at Suzaka circuit but along
the way Tomo-san explained to us in detail about
Suzuka city like places to go, what was the population,
and the way people lived that made us more familiar
staying in Suzuka city. When we arrived at the forum
office we felt really excited to have a look at all the
facilities that we were going to use, like the rooms, and
other facilities.
.
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Gassyuku or Team Building Activities
This made the biggest impression on me after I had
finished 3 days of training with our expert-Tomo-san,
because everything that happened during the 3 days
was more than what I expected. The activities at
Gassyuku helped us become close together to work as
an intertwined team, more synergized, more powerful,
and most of all, the activities that we did together
brought us love from people to the nation that is
unbreakable. And it just gave us so much motivation to
(Ant Drawing game)
(Emblems game)
stand alone and count on other people that I can hardly
describe in words what I learned from Gassyuku.
Day 1: My first impression was Tomo-san, the
facilitator of Gassyuku. She is very capable both in
English and motivation to train us in team building, as
she had many years of experience in this field. We
made our own emblems for two purposes: the first one
was to better know ourselves by trying to find what
would best represent us. All of this helped us to show
our personality and character and also inform the team
about our concerns and also our expectations; and
second, to exchange information with the others so that we
can could know each other better.
Day2: We played many games together and I was
impressed to learn the game treasure hunting, because
this game moved me to work properly as a team
member, to keep on trying, and to work with a bigger
and bigger team. It reminded me that, in real life,
everything has got to be connected and synergized to
make a greater team so that we can achieve our
objectives more easily.
(Lift-up game)
Day3: We also followed a similar agenda as the previous 2 days, but there was one more
activity that touched my heart is “Ant drawing.” Nantha (Malaysian participant) and I were
partners in this game. I think I learned how to communicate now, you will understand by
looking at the pictures of these two ants:
Malaysian Ant
Cambodian Ant
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Seminar- Population issue
The world is facing many problems at the moment with
population increase and also the gap between the rich
and the poor forcing each country to try hard to achieve
the Millennium Development Goals, especially for
developing countries. To achieve that, we need strong
help and support from everyone, not only developing
countries but also developed countries. For me, the
greatest start is from the change of individual mind sets
about how to change the way we live; to be friendly
and harmonious with our surrounding environment.
Seminar- Enterprise Strategies
The seminar was conducted by Mr. Mitsuyoshi Harada,
general manager, overseas business department, area
franchising division and assisted by Ms. Tomoko
Yoneya. The coaching style aimed to make all the
participants remember by getting involved, so the class
started with our own country presentations on the
snacks that we had brought from our countries, by
focusing on explanations about what the item was, how
much it cost, and also why this item has become
popular with the public. Not just presenting their
snacks, some participants also shared information about the modern trade business in their
country- like the movement of supermarkets, hypermarkets, convenience stores and so on
and so forth. The exchange of this information was very valuable to all of us in order to
understand the current situation of the market in each country.
Kyoto Visit
That day, I had a chance to visit Nara which is an old city in Japan. Previously, the capital
city was moved to Kyoto in the 13th century. There were many places that I visited and
also there were many lessons that I learned to survive in Kyoto, like transportation as well
as dealing with people. My purpose in visiting Kyoto was: 1); to see nature, 2). to see the
most famous historical sites, and 3). to see traditional performances. I planned to go to 9
places, but I could only go to 6 places because while I searched the internet not all the
places in the areas that I planned to visit were shown. When I did visit, they were there and
some places were so beautiful that it made me continue.
Kinkakuji temple was a place that I really wanted to see as
there are both beautiful nature and also a very brilliant
building. When we arrived there, we walked through the
gate not so far, around 50 m. We started to see the golden
pavilion shining with its reflection in the water. That
reminded me of Angkor Wat in my country.
(Kinkakuji temple)
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The Nanzenji area was the second place that I went to visit,
and I found out that the information that they had posted on
the internet was not clear enough. I had marked the visit as
free of charge to enter. Actually, when I went up there, it
was free to walk around the area only, but most of the
places that I wanted to visit required a charge and made the
expense higher than I had planned. I paid at the sliding
(Sliding Door)
door palace, which is really famous for its Japanese
architecture. It saves a lot of space and also can changes the
size of the room from bigger to smaller when you have a party or want to break it down
into smaller rooms.
In the afternoon, after we had finished at Nanzenji, we went to see Toji temple and I was
amazed at the construction of the temple as it was a five storied temple with each story
being the same sizes square. Toji temple was built in the 14th century and most of the
people asked how it could have survived the many Kyoto earthquakes.
After visiting Toji, we just went back to the hotel by skipping Gion corner to see the art
performances, as I felt tired. Mainly we had walked the whole day and we wanted to enjoy
the next day’s plan.
(Nishiki Food Market)
On the 2nd day, in the morning, we
went to Nishiki food market together
to see the food and also to study on
how they make specific cakes. In the
afternoon, we went to the Arashiyama
area to see Iwatayama Monkey Park,
(Romantic Train- Sagano)
located on top of the Arashiyama Mountain. When we first
arrived, we were already amazed with the nature of the very beautiful mountain and the
river that had some flowers in the middle. There were give a lot of flowers and on the
banks of the river, there were many couples rowing boats with romantic language of loveI guessed.
Mokumoku Farm:
My first impression of this visit was a quick chance of
my feeling; I felt I was at peace with the very beautiful
nature as never in my life. Immediately, I got the feeling
that I really wanted to stay there longer.
The next day, since the morning around 6.30 a.m., we got
to see a daily farm and experienced feeding the cows by
ourselves and also observed how to milk a cow. That was
(Cow Farm at MOKU MOKU)
a unique experience, as in Cambodia I have never had the
chance to see how people milk cows as we don’t have
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these kinds of cow. Most of our cows are used to farm the paddy fields as labor, and also
we use the meat as our daily food.
The seminar, that conducted by Mr. Fukushima,
director of Asian Researching Center, helped me
really understand that it’s very important to
balance the development between rural and urban
areas and the lives of rural people can be rich as
well, if we can increase the value chain of raw
materials alone they have a very low value added.
It reflected what we are doing in Cambodia. Most
of the farms just produce raw material and they
don’t expand the production line.
Mokumoku farm’s explanations, offered by the president of this farm, strongly touched my
heart and motivated me to do something new by myself by standing on the creativity and
to make a concerted effort to initiate with action. Only thinking and letting the idea go, of
course, we have to think carefully to make sure that what we want is done fruitfully.
Facilitation:
Even though, the topic of the day’s seminar was
facilitation, I believed that what I learned was more
than the topic. This is because the individual
involvement by the participants reflected personalities
(some parts I have to change.) I found out that good
facilitators are very difficult to describe and/or to set
as a specific standard, though there are guidelines how
to do so. For me, facilitation is a very great art in
which everyone can use his/her own personality, skills,
knowledge, and leadership ability; at the same time, we can form a team spirit, synergize
the team and lead to objective oriented discussion.
One great learning point was I believe that I have facilitation qualifications and I can do
many things better when I can control my feelings and emotions not be too excited
(Zanshin-controlling your emotion?)
I think this will add lots of value both my personal as well as career life. What I’ve learned
in facilitation I will use in the future. As it’s a part of my job, I will teach/coach my
subordinates as well as in school, which requires good facilitation most of the time.
Home stay:
As per my request to IATSS stayed with a family that was
interested in music, outdoor activities, as well as there being
teen(s) in the family. My 2 day- 1 night homestay gave me
almost all that I requested; however, they didn’t have
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children staying with them. My Okasan (Mother) was the one who had a very strong
interest in music as she played a classical style of violin as well as piano.
During my stay, I did not prepare much to show them. What I did was cook and tell them
about Cambodian life styles and showed them some pictures of Angkor Wat, as most
Japanese know it well; but I did get to invite them to come and spend their holidays in my
country. Oh, I also cooked Khmer food: “Pork Bamboo Stew” for them. They said it was
very delicious and finished all that I had cooked. Embarrassingly, while I cooked my food,
everyone in the house sneezed, including their cat.
I really appreciated what they offered, as they treated me like a real son. Okasan has one
son as well, but he is married and works somewhere else. They brought me to many places
as well as bought me some gifts that made me feel so thankful to them and I hope to meet
them sometime again in the future. Certainly, I must keep contact.
Group Study:
I appreciated all of my team members’ efforts to work as one
spirit. We named our group “B Smooth” as we were in group
B and the work that we had done since the beginning was so
smooth. All the group members liked to focus on the result.
Though, everyone came
from various backgrounds,
I thought we used the same language and that made it
very easy for us to finish our tasks. We chose the topic
“Organic farming for sustainable development of Save
the Children of Cambodia for Development ‘S.C.D’
organization”. And once again, I would like to thank all
of my team members for putting in their best efforts.
As a result of our group work, we got to present the
conclusions to Mrs. Ikegami and Mrs. Tsubaki for a help
final check before we had the final presentation on the 30th
to the committee and guests from the embassies.
(Group “Smooth B”)
Cultural Exchange Day
After a very long preparation and rehearsal, everyone
waited anxiously for cultural exchange day to come so that
we could show our performance as well as our culture,
which was one of our objectives for this program. We
wanted to gain an understanding between nations as well as
to promote peace.
On that day, we had many activities, including: self
introduction, wedding presentation, country presentation as
well as an auction for charity purposes to help Myanmar which had just suffered a got a
big catastrophe, a cyclone, the week before.
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Being the MC of the auction session, I felt so excited
as I had never handled this kind of job before. Finally,
I could count it as a big achievement that I could
stand in front of a hundred people and talk freely and
I could also sell products higher than the previous
batch. We got up to around 50,000 yen. All the
money that we got from the auction, as well as the
sales from each booth, were contributed to the charity
to help the cyclone victims in Myanmar. This has
shown me that everyone loves and learns together,
according to the motto of our batch.
Individual Day in Tokyo- “City Boy at Tokyo”
Tokyo is an amazing place. We can travel anywhere using public transportation; it may be
the best as compared to my country where we don’t have subways or sky trains yet. So, it
helped my individual day to be easily accomplished, regardless of how far I wanted to go.
Oh, one thing that might have improved my individual day is checking the places and
times in more detail. For example, when I got to Disney Land, I found it was hard for me
to choose what attraction to visit as I had limited time and some rides that I chose were too
extreme. I could not achieve all that I had planned as I went out with other people, which
made my trip a little bit slower than if I had gone.
Tokyo Tower- I didn’t have a chance to go up to the top, as the
weather conditions were not good and also, on the same day, there
were too many students on a study tour. I had to wait too long. So, I
only went to the building so that, at least, I could have a closer look
and take some pictures of the Tokyo Tower. The lesson from this
may be that I should have booked the tickets in advance, so that I
could have had a fast pass and I missed my great chance.
National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation (Miraikan)
In the place I could study about the development of technology, as well as various kinds of
research that the Japanese government is strongly supporting. There were many exhibition
halls categorized by the area of the research, including alien study, innovation and the
future, information science and technology for society, life science, and others (like geocosmos, innovation of chemistry, science library, science workshop, VR theater and dome
theatre GAIA..). We can interact with robots and play some games so that we could
understand how the technology worked. So, I really enjoyed this visit. That’s why I spent
around 3 hours observing and approaching new technology. I already saw that there were
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many students that came to do research on the technology, as there was a study tour from a
school and this was a very good opportunity to expose them to the technological world. I
strongly hope that Cambodian students will have a good chance like this; it would be great
for them to learn and help shape their talents in science and technology.
Tokyo Sea Life Park
It was unbelievable that there are so many kinds of creatures in the ocean which are very
beautiful. Some creatures, I believe I will never be able to see again for the rest of my life.
If I had not come to Japan, I wouldn’t have seen creatures like the leafy dragon (the
farthest right picture) and the ocean sun fish that lives in the very deep ocean; its shape is
just round like the sun and it is very big (1m in diameter). And some other fish were really
colorful and beautiful, swimming as a big group and sometimes forming a very special
shape. And the design of the building itself was so special, as when I went up on top of the
building; I could see the sea from top of the building and also the real ocean on the horizon.
It seemed like there were two layers of ocean. Of course, I took a lot of pictures.
Tokyo Disneyland
Oh, it was a very special chance that I visited Disney land. It was their 25th anniversary and
they had a big celebration with a big parade and the greeting party at the gate was amazing
to me. I also had a chance to ride many attractions like Space Mountain, star tour, and
splash mountain, visit a little small world. I especially saw many people in the crowd;
probably more than 10,000 people. The entrance fee was quite expensive, around 5,800
yen, so this was a very good business for Disney corp.
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Waseda University Visit
It was a very good opportunity to have Prof. Tsuboi arrange a school visit and also a
discussion with Japanese university students. At this university there were many facilities
which the students can use to enhance their knowledge, like a library with 3 millions
copies of textbooks and resources, internet and lab, recreation, as well as big compound.
After visiting the school, we also had the chance to discuss, with the students, various
questions regarding ASEAN and Japan and also the situation in our respective countries,
where we came from as well as our lives during our stay in Japan. I found that Japanese
students are smart and knowledgeable and they are especially active in academics. At the
same time, they might need to open themselves more to discussion and challenge
themselves more in terms of foreign languages so that they can communicate more freely.
Conclusion
I think that there were so many things that I could learn from this forum. The more I
learned, the more I found out that I have made mistakes and need to change or improve
from now on. But, anyway, all of these are my life lessons and I would like to thank all the
IATSS staff and committee who put their best efforts in making this forum the best. And I
would like to thank all the professors and guest speakers who offered me very good
knowledge and experience not only to see but also to analyze the facts behind the scene
what we cannot see with our eyes alone. I would like to thank to all of the people in my
family and at my work who sacrificed their time and effort during my stay in Japan. They
were always concerned and wanted to know what was going with me.
I greatly wish that I will use all my knowledge in a very proper way to contribute to my
personal life and society. Transferring knowledge and experience from IATSS is the most
important thing that I will try to do back in Cambodia, and, if possible, form a very good
alumni network to do social activities that help vulnerable people who seek help with
LOVE.
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My wish to come to Japan has become a reality!
Te Ponloeu
Cambodia
- Arrival Day:
My expected date 06 April 2008 came; I took a
flight by Thai airways to Nagoya airport. My
expectation to meet other ASEAN friendｓ had met
as what I wish. My first impression when I met all
of them was that it seemed like I had known them
for ten or twenty years already, as you can see in the
picture of the first arrival day below.
- Orientation
Again, it was beyond my expectations. I didn’t expect that all the IATSS staff was
going to welcome all of us at the front gate. At that time I felt very excited to get such a
warm welcome.
- Gasshuku
Gusshuku was a quite hard and also interesting lesson after spending time four days and
three nights over there. I decide to share this lesson
with my colleagues after going back to my country.
Gasshuku taught me how to work as a team and the
benefit of working as a team even it has it lack point
like sometimes; you have to devote yourself to do
the job that you don’t want to do for the team. I got
to play this role. One of the games that I was quite
interesting is everyone up. The picture below tells us
that there is a will there is a way.
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After trying many ways, all of us found the solution called Zipper then everybody could
get up. It was more than that I learned from Gasshuku but I am just only trying to
highlight some points.
Finally, I developed the training lesson about Gasshuku for my colleague the same time as
a series of report that I need to do during my stay in Japan.
- Opening ceremony
It was a great time for me because I could join with this ceremony to meet with my
dream friend from various countries in ASEAN. Especially, I could have an experience to
listen to the valuable guest speaker with many year of working experience and have chance
to talk with other Japanese volunteer and especially with hosting family.
- Japanese culture introduction day
This part I had learn how Japanese child they play with their toy? The way they
wore KIMONO attire, Ninja attire, the spy team, Calligraphy and so on. It was really make
me understand more about Japanese people.
- Seminar on Japanese culture (Kendo)
Before I came here, Kendo was just a brand of energy drink for me, but now I
realized that Kendo is a kind of very important martial art that people can practice for their
daily lives to get along with others in their community or society and the world as a whole.
The pin point of Kendo is respect each other or we can say in the simple way Win-Win.
Each partner event they lost or win it does not a matter, they all could learn together. The
loser could thanks to the winner that could show the loser’s weak point and the winner
could thanks to the loser that could give them a chance to show the winner’s strong point.
And must be humble (control your feeling no matter sad or happy does not let the feeling
come out) and respect each other. Thus we can save our partner face. This is the peak point
of Kendo for me.
To be a good practice Kendo must go with ethic other wise you will change the
origin of Kendo. (Only destroying the opponent, not constructing a partner)
- Seminar Enterprise Strategy I (Convenience Store)
Even this topic was quite different from my academic back ground and working
experience, I still eager to learn due to there were a presentation from each country from
ASEAN regarding the snack that they grew with, and the presentation also teach me a lot
regarding how the convenience store work in ASEAN country, in Japan and around the
world? What is the strategy of family mart? And so on.
Today’s seminar totally taught me about how is the useful of location of the family mart,
how family mart operates his company to the world, and we also enjoy a lot of discussion
with other groups.
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- Seminar on Foreign Diplomacy
This seminar taught me a lot of things, especially regarding the main countries are
playing important role in the world today, i.e. China, Russia and United State of America.
Over than this, we also learn about international law focus on Law of the Sea and we took
Japanese and China as a case study regarding the overlap sea territory.
Finally, we learned about the role of UN in solving the world conflicts.
- Political system
This was my favorite subject, due to my academic background in Political Science, so I
was really curious about the politics of ASEAN country, especially Japan. I really
appreciated the experience and the way that Professor Yoshiharu Tsuboi share to us like
the Japanese political system, the way Japanese royal family and especially, the system of
Japanese salary, 18 months a year, and the system to encourage people to work longer in
one workplace.
Over than this, I also got a clue for further study regarding the political system
from ASEAN country.
- Seminar OVOP
This Seminar was quite interesting for all of us, especially with other countries that don’t
have this program yet, like Indonesia, Singapore, Laos and so on. Especially, in Indonesia
they really wish to have this program to have in their country due to their natural gasoline
and natural gas nearly finished and they also want to quit from the OPEC soon. With the
problem of over 50 percent of country’s population living on Java island and cause
crowded, to stop people from moving to urban area this program is suitable to attract the
local people to develop their local resource.
- Seminar Education
With this seminar I learned that Cambodia are in the position lower than other
country, so we need to work more in term of ASEAN country other wise we can not
achieve the goal of EFA (Education For All) By 2015 that set by United Nation. Over than
this, we also found out that not only formal education that play an important role in
develop the country but informal education also did, like educate the old people regarding
life skill.
Other than this, Buddhist and Christian schools are also important for our society
as well.
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-Regional Development for Industrial Promotion
Before I came here I had learn from my Korean colleague that their country
Political stable leads to boom economic then tourist finally boom the industry, now
Cambodia are on the stage of starting boom the industry.
- Seminar Environment and Sustainable Asia
In this seminar, I learned that most of our countries had a similar problems in term
of traffic jams in the main city. And also we discover the big issue in Indonesia that face
the problem with hot mud that till now the national and international expert can not stop
the mud from going out the hole.
Beside this in the group discussion, we found a lot of interesting tactics to tackle with the
traffic jam in the city such as let all the private car parked at the outskirt then take the
parking ticket to used as a public transportation ticket for the whole day free in the city, 3
in 1 means that the car that drive in the city allow to drive only with three people inside the
car otherwise the driver will penalty, during the peak hour if you drive the car enter the
city you have to pay 1 dollar or 5 pound.
All these method didn’t practice yet in my country, so when I am back to my country I
could propose these methods when I join the seminar on the traffic.
And one thing that impress me is the speech of professor “Now we think and learn
together, hopefully in the future we could act together “.
- Sustainable Regional Development/ Field Study
Most ASEAN countries don’t have
good economic growth, but they don’t seem
to get problem with population. The hot
issued now we face the common problem
with people moving from the rural to the
urban area.
It was a good seminar for all the participants
from developing countries to experience the
way to develop through Japan role model.
One of the lessons that I could learn today is
that we can not stop people from going to
the city but we should make the system or
mechanism to be a better place for
habitation. So rural it still the jungle unless we prepare it to become the place that people
could enjoy and stay their life and want to work and live there.
For sure that it was hard to stop people not going to the city due to people had their
own expectation, and we could make a place for most people could live and prepare the
economic in term of local produce local consumption, good environment and green
tourism.
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- Group Study
This session taught me how difficult it
is to work as a team from difference
culture, also teaches me how to defense
the proposal that we already draft for
the team, how to share the work with
other team member, and learn to respect
other people idea. One important thing
for me is to over come the obstacle, for
me the best way is stop for a while and
think for the better way to solve this
point, if you just keep on going without
thinking you will still get trouble and
don’t hesitate to ask for help if you
need.
After a long discussion, we had agreed to choose Indonesia migration focus on increase the
local income as our research topic. Due to Indonesia is the only country that get a lot of
population among ASEAN countries and more than half of population live in Java island
cause this island become so crowded and according to the government they wants to move
those people out. So, our team had found out that we also had to do something to protect
people not to move to the cities as well and this problem was a common problem for most
of the countries in ASEAN. Then if we could have a good project proposal we could take
this project as a sample for other developing countries.
Finally, the thing that I learn also from group discussion is to make sure every body is in
the same understanding otherwise they can not put their input to the team.
- Home stay
This section taught me how Japanese people live without a son or daughter. This couple
that I stayed with they didn’t have to worry about their next generation future. What they
worried about was just to prepare the good plan to visit Cambodia, taking care their garden,
prepared to move to new apartment near the hospital, market and other interesting place
out side Japan, after they worked hard for almost 40 years with Mitsubishi Company. They
wish to use their rest of live with having fun and holiday at
oversea. And I also learned that this life without next
generation also face the problem when one of them is pass
away and at that time they will stay alone then no one taking
care finally they will commit suicide.
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- Self development activity
The day of my self development coming, I had spent my time with my buddy at
Nagoya University. During my 20 hours stay in Nagoya, I had experience a few thing.
First, the way of living that Cambodian Student study in Nagoya University
second is the amount of student that study there is around forty students. Normally, most of
the student that I meet they study bachelor degree and the rest study master degree and
doctor decree. They spend their time a lot for reading and research document through
internet. Normally they do sport every weekend and after they do sport sometimes they
gather at someone’s house and helping each other to cook for dinner together with wine
(Sake) and green tea, it really fun and enjoy for having time together and exchange their
personnel experience , study life, Japanese language that they misunderstand with other
Japanese people when they practice the language that they just learn, the life style of
Japanese people from Cambodian student point of view and their life style in Japan.
Finally, I could confirm that they had absorbed the Japanese culture regarding the
contribution money to the dinner party. In my country, if the owner of the house invite
friend to have dinner, they just come without bring any thing or share any money. But it
could be next time it was their turn.
In Japan is another story, all the friend that joint the dinner expect to bring Sake or
meat to joint or share the money with the amount of bill that they bought all the food from
the supermarket. I also had experience with my hosting family in Yokkaichi when they
invited their friend to come and have a BBQ to welcome me and also celebrate papa (auto
san) birthday.
- Visit Suzuka City hall, Police Station and Honda Factory
It was a great honor for me and my team as well that we had the have chance to
meet the Mayor of Suzuka city and learn about his role in manage this modern City and
visit the assembly of Suzuka city. One more thing that is quite interesting is that I could
have a chance to practice what I had learn in the past 10 year in theory regarding taking
finger print when I doing B.A in Law in my country.
Finally, the field visit Honda Factory taught me a
lot regarding how Japanese people work hard in
field producing Car? After I visit this production
line it taught me that the way I work in my
country didn’t enough yet, means I better strive to
work harder than today in order to contribute to
my family economic growth and my country as a
whole.
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-
Visit Nara, Kyoto and seminar on international cooperation
For this visit, I had visited the place that most of the world leader go to sign the
Kyoto Protocol, one of the hottest issued currently.
Moreover I experienced the ancient capital of Japan, Nara City (from AD 710 to 794) and
Kyoto (874- 1874 AD). Now I can understand that not only Cambodia that change the
capital but Japan also used to change the capital. For
me I can say that Kyoto is like my ancient capital in
Siem Reap (ANGKOR WAT) that period my
country are very glorious by our king Jayavaraman 7.
Over than this I could experience of modern public
transportation in Kyoto ( Bus and sub way) that in
my country didn’t have yet( it was only in my dream
yet) I hope in the short future Phnom Penh and Siem
Reap Angkor city that currently face the problem
with traffic jam could have such modern public
transportation.;)
Beside this, I also have a chance to visit the golden pavilion (Kinkakuji) The
interesting point of this temple is covered in gold leaf. And the view is very beautiful and
calm for all the tourist to release their stress after a very busy day of working.
After this, I went to KYOTO TOWER to see the complete view of the ancient capital of
Japan. It really impressed me with the high building.
Other than this, I also learned that Japanese people they really work hard with their brain,
that’s why they serve to get that big benefit. Not like the people living in the developing
country that they work based on their human force, they need to spend along day with their
plantation but their income can’t compare with one piece of electric device that produce by
Japanese.
Overall, in terms of balance of nature (Buddhist theory) I could say that people
living in developed country they can get only big benefit but they can’t get more free time.
People living in developing country they can not get big benefit but they can enjoy with
their simple live like circle dance after harvest.
- Visit to Commemorative Museum of Industry and Technology
During my visit to the Toyota museum, I discovered that Japanese people really
work hard thinking to create new things that are better than what they currently have; that
is why they have developed very fast.
Overall, I can say that working as a group the outcome is bigger than Individual
work. But, we also have to balance between working and leisure other wise, we will go
crazy or we call workaholic, then population issue going to come right after this.
- Cultural Exchange Day
It was a happy day for every body because they had a chance to wear their nice
costumes to show to the more than 100 audients. I really happy and all of us became closer
in terms of culture due to we are had a similar culture background. But due to the many
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years of civil war we didn’t have time to enhance the mutual understanding. Now under
the Honda Foundation we could have chance to talk to each other about the familiarity of
our culture and we mix with each other for example Cambodia, Laos and Thailand we all
three countries had play the role together.
Visit to Tokyo
Before I had a chance to come to Japan, I also updated my information through the
radio and newspapers due to my academic background which is in social science. I heard a
lot about Yasukuni shrine. When it came to my attention since the first days I arrived Japan
I had asked people that I met whether I would be able to visit this shrine or not? The
answer was YES.
So, during my trip to TOKYO, I prepared my plan to visit Yasukuni shrine. Before I went
there I read some documents related to the issued of the
shrine which has caused the relationship between Japan
and China and Korea to become worse when the leaders
of Japan went to visit the shrine. I also learned that this
shrine also has many name of the Japan military that died
for Japanese their name will be in the shrine forever.
The symbol of Yasukuni shrine.
The day that I had waited for had come, Wow!! My
first impression upon arriving at the shrine was the big front
gate and the big statue of the warrior standing in the middle
of the way to the shrine. After that I got a chance to enter the
shrine and asked questions to some people. I learned that if
people want to enter to pray, they have to pay ¥2000.
After this, I visited the Yashukan and Yasukuni
shrine. I felt very scared of war. Due to recently I had a
chance to ask questions to one Japanese that do they like the
Japanese constitution, Article 9 ? The answer was NO
Finally, I could sum up that from the point of view of Japan
they think that they should pay respect for their ancient that
had died for their country. But from the point of China and
Korea it is not good. And from the point of view of ASEAN Japanese soldiers helped in
getting away from the colonial period.
Zero Carrier Fighter, Japanese
army used attach with the
machinegun during WW II.
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-
Exchange experience with students of Waseda University:
During this meeting, I found out that the system that they study political
science in this Japan is completely different from my country, for my country they only
study about the theory or philosophy of the scholar in the east and the west and the issue
that we discuss in only within our country. But in Waseda they focus the issue in the
global perspective like South East Asia, Europe, Africa and America. So I learned a lot
from talking with them, another ASEAN friend and especially our professor, in terms of
globalization.
-
Visiting the headquarters of Faminly mart:
This session was a practice session that we could experience what we had
studied regarding the strategy of Family mart and understand their competitor. In fact this
topic is really quite different from my academic background but due to the clear guidance
from the staff of Family mart I still could joint with to study about the various
convenience store in Japan.
-
Visit to the Cambodian Embassy:
Even when I met some problem with difficulty in finding the embassy, I
finally enjoyed visiting our Embassy, that time we had talked a lot with our Embassy
representative due to Mr. Ambassador was busy with his job, he can not met us upon the
schedule and on that day we also found out that it was our national holiday, Royal
Ploughing Ceremony. We covered several topic from Cambodia context to the ASEAN,
open sky policy that tourist could flight directly to Siem Reap Angkor for example
currently Japan had operated Charter flight more that 10 times a month to Siem Reap,
Culture, and so on.
SAYONARA !!!
(^-^)
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The Culture Shock Experience in IATSS Forum!
Maria Taslim
Indonesia
Gasshuku
When we reached Ise and arrived at the ryokan, it's probably fitting to say that it was an
entirely new and different world. I have of course seen it and heard about it in a lot of
commercials and print ads, but it was indeed a different feeling to really experience it, the
yukata, tatami, shokudo, futon, and much more. I think it was a good start to Japan’s
appealing cultural introduction.
So going back to the real purpose of the visit, we were there for team building, popularly
known as gasshuku in Japanese. In gasshuku, we had Tomo-san as our facilitator. It was
interesting to play all the icebreaking games led by a very genki Tomo-san. All of it
allowed us to get to know each other better and be more comfortable with each other to
face the coming days ahead at IATSS Forum.
During gasshuku, with all the teambuilding learning
experience, we managed to understand each other in
the same language. All of us did argue and express
different opinions, but in the end we came to terms
with just having FUN doing it! So in the end we
managed to carry out the triangle game, logo and
motto design quite successfully. There might have
been a lot of frustration, lots of tiring experiences,
and lots of differences, but luckily there were IATSS
Staff members who went through all the trouble to
prepare the socializing evening in room 201. Arigatou! It helped us to release all the
tension that we had in the team building activities during the day. It was really a fun
meeting of drinking, eating, chatting and getting to know other fellow participants better in
a more relaxing environment. And, of course, Japan Asahi and sake was best to accompany
the party! Oh, and not to forget the onsen. A cultural item activity that is very close to the
Japanese heart. It was really one of the kind of experiences that are memorable.
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Japanese Cultural Introduction Day
Cultural Exchange Day was another fun
experience, thanks to all the volunteers with their
warmest welcome and acceptance of all of us who
were strangers to them. They even prepared an
interesting drama about the home stay experience.
It was very funny! All of us also had the chance to
enjoy the calligraphy writing, the bon-odori
dancing, the tea ceremony, Japanese traditional
games, the kimono costume, the Japan song, the
drum playing and much more. I enjoyed the tea
ceremony, where the tea was served with okashi, a
sort of tea snack which is sweet with appealing in shape and color. It really tasted good.
And the best part was we were able to better know all the Japanese volunteers, who have
since been very friendly and helpful. They really did their best to create enjoyable
moments for all the participants. The cultural day was then closed with a okonomiyaki and
sushi party. The food was great, but what made it really good was the fun cooking together
and sharing the good laughs during the party. It was really a great day in experiencing
Japan rich traditional culture as well as the great level of hospitality!
Group Study on Population
I think the first session, facilitated by Ikegami-san, was interesting. The way it was
presented in an interactive discussion created a flow of ideas and knowledge sharing. In the
seminar, we also had volunteers from Japan, Hasegawa-san and Tadami-san, joining the
seminar. It created rich content for discussion, not only from ASEAN countries but also
from Japan’s point of view. The seminar successfully brought up the awareness among all
of us of the critical population issue related to health care, maternal health, and the
environment, etc. We also gained much knowledge from experiential learning through role
play and group work in initiating a project proposal and the importance of project proposal
transparency, sustainability, and capacity building. I gained more insight, ideas, and
knowledge about ASEAN countries issues which I think will be helpful in adapting
improvements in our own countries upon our return.
Facilitation Skills
For me, the Facilitation Skill seminar was probably
one of the most interesting themes, for it relates
strongly to my line of work in People Development.
The way the lecture was carried out provided us
with the chance to learn and recognize our strengths
and weaknesses. And it was a nice break from
learning after some heavy topics that we had had in
the previous weeks. I think I learned more after the
second facilitation skills session.
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I had the chance to be the facilitator of a group while all of us were observed by the other
groups. It was nerve wracking! We had to compete with time to manage the final outcome
of our chosen topic. We had to determine how to enjoy our lives. It was a hard topic
because it was a very subjective discussion with many options. Fortunately, I had the
chance to work with a good team. They really helped to make facilitation easier for me. It
was really a good lesson.
Politics Seminar
As for our politics seminar, I had the impression that the class would be boring, but I was
proven wrong. The discussion was lively and it was interesting. I had the chance to learn
more about the political background of other ASEAN countries. The strength of the
presentation was that the data consisted of real problems of countries and recent
implementations felt at the grassroots level. I think this was the strength of IATSS Forum
in promoting in thinking and learning together.
Enterprise Strategy Seminar
In the Enterprise Strategy seminar, I found out
many interesting fact on how Family Mart plan
their strategy and having the innovative manual
in analyzing the less successful location strategy
as their reference in creating a successful one.
It’s amazing how the Family Mart go into detail
and continuous improvement in finding the way
to their customer’s heart. The meticulous
procedure and innovative implementation that
are targeted in distribution line are planned
carefully to meet the best standard quality of
demand from customers. And it happens that in part of the topic, the popularity of daily
food like bento was discussed. It piques my interest for it describes well my observation
report on Japan’s bento popularity culture that I wrote. At the end of the first seminar, I
have better understanding on Family Mart’s franchising system and most of all its
commitment and care in learning their customer’s behavior to achieve customer’s need and
satisfaction. We then learned more on marketing perspective when we visited Tokyo
Family Mart. We also have the field observation and presentation of Family Mart’s
strategy. And for our hard work as ‘mini researchers’ we have the rewards from Harada
san for exclusive choices of bento. It was good. The seminar was then closed with
enjoyable dinner of eating and drinking as Japan’s usual concept of relaxing.
Group Study
I think all of participants are anxious to see who they’ll be working closely with in the
group study, for the task will be carried out throughout the completion of IATSS Forum.
I’m in a team with Su (Singapore), Jed (Philippine), Meng (Cambodia), Cho (Myanmar),
and Tung (Vietnam). We come out with Rokunin no Harmony for our group name which
means the Harmony of 6 people. It describes us quite well for we are able to work things
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out and manage a conducive group discussion
environment. I had the first chance to be the facilitator
which is quite fun for I’m able to try out the facilitation
skill that had been taught in the discussion. It’s not easy
to bring in so many strong ideas and characters into a
consensus, but I think it’s going well.
In our final check in Tokyo, all of us received many
valuable inputs from Ikegami san and Tsubaki san for a
better project proposal. I feel that the value of this
project on it sustainability and grassroots level is the best lesson. It will provide a better
action and an easier implementation whenever we are ready to carry it out back in our
home country.
Home Stay
At first I feel nervous of the possibility that
I’ll be staying at other’s house with such a
different culture. I guess I’m worry that I
might make a mistake or I might not be able
to relate to them. Apparently I’m wrong. My
host family is great! The otoo-san, whom we
called ninja papa (he had the role of ninja
when we had our Japan culture exchange
day), okaa-san and Chika-san; their daughter,
are very attentive. They are always
encouraging me in trying the Japan’s culture
such as trying their wedding kimono, eating a
cold soba noodle which is very interesting, picnic and hiking while eating bento that is
prepared by the okaa-san, and much more Japan’s adventure! And I even have the first
hand try on making the onigiri. The picnic was great experience where we can lie down
under the falling cherry blossom tree accompanied by nice wind and sun light. (Feels like
in a movie experience...) It’s fascinating experience. At the end of the home stay, they
kindly arrange a dinner party where we all eat together and drink sake together (Again!).
It’s a wonderful moment.
Study Visit
My impression after the study visit is the incredibly structured and organized working
culture of Japanese people. When we are in Honda Factory, I witnessed the time target set
for each worker in the assembly line to meet their production output. Each worker handles
the same task again and again repetitively. Another evidence happens in each of our visit
where most of the staff in charge always make sure that the time utilized is as per
scheduled. Personally, I think the working pressure is quite high in this kind of working
environment. But that might be what make Japan so advance compare to other Asian
countries.
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Individual Plan Day
First day of Nara trip was great. We have our
chance to explore around and to choose what
we like to eat (of course reimbursed by
IATSS Forum…) which we spent on
okonomiyaki in a nice homey restaurant. It
was a good dinner. On the second day in Nara,
we visited Todaiji temple and Horyuji temple.
Both temples are marked with its traditional
outlook, mainly consist of wood. Todaiji
temple is magnificent with its large guardian
statue presented on the side of the main
entrance while Horyuji temple has a very
interesting museum. It displays many evidence of Asuka and Nara period in Japan culture.
There are many daily appliances used in the era displayed in the museum. There are also
many statues of Kanon, temple guardians and Buddha. It is also very interesting to see the
animal sculpture that is built to decorate and symbolize the temple. Todaiji and Horyuji
temples also represent the strong influence of political background in its establishments. It
is presented with the placement of emblems on the top of the temple building.
On the individual plan day, my first trip is to Kinkakuji temple. It is quite remarkable to
see how the temple in Nara and Kyoto differ one yet it serves as a temple. In Kyoto, the
temples such as Kinkakuji and Ginkakuji have a more luxurious look as such to
demonstrate sort of wealth and the grandeur of its building, while in Nara, the temple are
presented in a more traditional outlook. I think the differentiation lies in the political
background and purpose that structured the building in the past era. Despite the differences
and uniqueness, one thing to be applauded is how well it co-exists with the nature.
My next stop is Ryoanji temple which is famous with its floating rock. It’s unique to see
the floating rock and to interpret the meaning behind it, which depends on each person to
discover the meaning behind it. Apart from the temple and shrine, Kyoto presented its
other unique faces in its vibrant and lively street in Gion and Nishiki market. It is one
exhausting day with lots of walk but it’s worth the experience.
My second day trip is an exciting trip to Toei
Uzumasa Movie land. We are being brought back
to the old period in Japan where samurai,
shinsengumi, and geisha exist. I managed to see
many things that only exist in television such as the
red district miniature, jail, town court, feudal lord
house, etc. There are also some performances by
the samurai in which is quite funny and attractive.
It’s a fun half day trip. After the Movie land, I went
to the Costume museum. I’m really fascinated by
how well the replica on Hikaru Genji tale is presented. It is so detail and fine. The doll, the
costume, the landscape and the color to its smallest detail such as food on the table, the
arrow that the genji used are well shown. The story itself is a worth to see.
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Japanese culture –Budo
I would say this seminar is the most memorable
for me. I come in with little enthusiasm for my
lack of interest in martial art. And the knowledge
that we’ll have practice in Kendo also quite
worrying for me. I’ve never been good when it
comes to reflex action…But when I start to see a
clearer view from Dr Alexander Bennett
explanation on the spiritual value and meaning
about Japanese Budo, I gain a lot of new insight
and perspectives and most of all the interest. The
value in Budo which impress me is the teaching of
how the humility, etiquette and discipline are instilled in this martial art. It is the level of
accomplishment in which fighting has become more of a way to achieve total control of
mind mentally and spiritually. Budo also teaches how one should defeat themselves before
other in a sense of reflecting to own weaknesses and learning from the opponent. I think it
is truly relevant to our daily life, in how we view competition that happens around us when
we are part of it. It is quite a fresh insight to learn that mental preparation can be stronger
than technical skill. Afterward, we have the practice of kendo which was also amusing and
very interesting. We all did a fighting tournament in 2 groups and have good laughed
thanks to some of our respective members. I guess overall I can say that it all ends up
pretty well more than what I had expected. Thanks to Dr Alex Bennett who had showed us
the experience.
Tokyo Commemorative Museum of Science and Technology
The visit to the museum was a valuable experience. There is a lot to learn from the
technological development that has been achieved by Toyota. When we first arrived to its
main hall, we can see a huge circular loom that marked the achievement of technology
innovation by Toyota. Our tour includes main section of weaving and spinning machinery
invented by Toyota and also various kind of other technology that showed the development
of the textile technology in the world. Another section is the automobile industry which
includes the history of Toyota car development to the future dream car. The museum is
equipped with a very efficient and interactive information tools. Each section is numbered
accordingly to help the visitor to have clearer view with detail. There are also video
presentations available in most of the section. There are also detail prototypes or models
and virtual explanation on how each component of the machine and industry work. After
the visit to the museum, all of us have the chance to explore Nagoya with Prof.Adachi’s
student. We went to quite some interesting places in
Nagoya such as Oasis, Osu, Sakae, etc. At the end of
the day, we are all ready to go back to the forum
except the guys perhaps.^_^
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Culture Exchange Day
After all the meeting and practices from almost
the beginning of IATSS Forum Program, it’s
finally the day! All the rehearsals every night
that we did was paid off. The event was a tiring
day but nonetheless fun. The start was nerve
wracking but I guess it end up quite well.
There are so many Japanese people who are
interested with Indonesia’s culture. It’s great
experience to be able to share with them their
enthusiasm on Indonesian food and attractions.
And they are very happy with the key holder
gift of batik motif that we gave out. It’s also fun to perform and dance together with all
other participants and Japanese people who attend the event. All of all the events was a
great success and it is such a relieved that the event finally ended!
Visit to Moku-Moku Farm
When we arrived in Moku-Moku Farm, the first thing we saw is the attractive wood house
with homey feel and many interesting notice board. It is so unique even to its room design.
Each room is built like a mushroom shape and the interior of the room is perfect! I’m
really enjoying the stay in Moku-Moku Farm. Not only we have the best accommodation
but also we gain many valuable knowledge and insight from Prof.Fukushima and the
president of Moku-Moku farm. It’s amazing to see how the farm was initiated from the
local farmers and community to make the best out of their community quality of life while
preserving their natural environment.
We also have the chance to see the pig show which is very cute, have a very delicious and
fulfilling breakfast and lunch, and also baking a cheese cake! It’s also a wonder for me to
see that many young people are willing to work in the farm. They all have the enthusiasm
and enjoyment in working in the farm. This is rare in Indonesia for many young people are
more interested to live in the big cities rather than in the rural area. So I think it’s a very
good chance to learn from the achievement of Moku-Moku farm. They have strong
bonding in their community not only in bringing out the best of their farm but also the
social responsibility to create the healthy living that is closely connected to the
environment and nature. They also create many activities that will build the appreciation
towards the nature and life such as cow milking to the children, etc. It’s really a unique
scene!
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Tokyo Visit
Hmm…Tokyo is probably the most difficult
place to live. It requires a high cost living
and hard work. I’d experienced how Tokyo
people walked or practically running all the
time and spend their end of the day drinking
beers for a relieved. So I guess I’m lucky
that our program is only for a week. But I
did have some good time there. The time
that all of us have dinner in organic
restaurant, my Disneyland trip, my bento in
shinkansen, the rushing to the station, our
good hotel, our sushi lunch, and probably
our dinner after the Family Mart’s seminar, is some good time.
I also enjoyed my trip to Tokyo National Museum. I found it interesting to see all the
archeological remnants from different periods in ancient Japan and different artwork from
different countries among Asia.
On my second day of individual plan, I’d gone to Okachimachi Street and walk around.
There is one very vibrant and lively street where all the sellers are shouting their bargain
and price to attract the attention of the passers. And I have my leisure time walking around
Showa-Dori and spending some time in purple building and also having my “all you can
season takoyaki” snack on the street. I also have the chance to take a glimpse of Shibuya,
Omotesando and Harajuku area. It is so packed and crowded on Sunday that we can see the
buzz of people crowding the whole street. It is quite a rare sight for me though I’m living
in a big city in Jakarta with the biggest population.
My Final Impression
Overall, I think it has been a great journey and experience for me. I have many good
moments and memories for myself and also with other fellow participants. It’s a rare
chance to be able to learn, think and enjoy the time together in such a group. I’ve learned
many important lessons for my self development, gained friendship with so many
interesting characters, enjoyed so many different cultures, experienced so many fun
moment sad moment and joy, and received so many good care from others. I think I’m
going to miss it when we are all back!
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The New Discovery in the Land of the Rising Sun
Yayuk Sri Rahayu
Indonesia
It was quite hard for me to leave our small but growing and my husband for two
months. However, it was a once in a lifetime experience to meet young talented leaders
from nine ASEAN countries in Japan. Once again…in Japan. Japan is one of the most
interesting countries that I wanted to visit. Those reasons and the excitement of
discovering new things in Japan have given me a high motivation to pack my stuff and
ready to flight to Nagoya. When arriving at Nagoya airport, warm welcome from Oba-san,
Akira-san and friendly smiles from other participants was able to expelled all the
sleepiness and tiredness from the long flight of Surabaya to Nagoya.. Then, the journey to
discover the wonder in the land of the rising sun began…
My first discovery was cherry blossom. As I know, cherry blossom season is
relatively short. Strong wind and rain can cut the blooming season become shorter. I did
not miss this moment, so I really enjoyed the beauty of cherry blossom on the way to
Suzuka. Still amazed with the beautiful scenery of Japan, then we passed by the Nagoya
port area. A modern port with the themed shopping mall, amusement park and huge
amount of cars were lining up ready to be shipped. Fascinating… However, I should say
that the biggest discovery of that day was the terrace paddy field along the way. I was
amazed that the rice paddies in Japan are so straight, clean and tidy, but quite. Most of
them have been ploughed and were ready to be planted. Finally, we arrived in Suzuka
Circuit Flower Garden hotel, our new home for the next 57 days. I was overwhelmed with
the warm welcome by all IATSS staff member. Yet, it was just the beginning of the next
discovery….
Gasshuku Team Building:
When I received the information kit, I was actually wondering
what we would do in Gasshuku. Gasshuku is the special term
for team building in IATSS forum. Gasshuku was held in Ise
City for 3 night and 4 days. It became my 2nd team building. I
participated in my first team building in the office, where we
already have same culture and committed team. However, this
Gasshuku was totally different from my previous team building. It became very unique
experience, because all the participants come from different countries, culture, language,
interest and so many other differences. As the objective of IATSS forum is “Thinking and
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Learning Together,” Gasshuku became the most important foundation to create good team
that respects all those differences. Tomo-san, our energetic and full of spirit trainer gave us
so many interactive and meaningful games. One important note from her that we can learn
from our experience and those experiences will help us to grow. To improve ourselves, we
have to see our strength of individual and as a team, and reflect upon the experience. This
team building is outstanding place to grow the team spirit, since I usually work
individually or in small team. The best discovery during Gasshuku was that I know more
about my self, my strengths and weaknesses. Being in this training session, make me
realized that communication, commitment, cooperation and trust are needed to build a
successful team. At the end of the training, we managed to make our batch logo, mission
and motto that is “love and learn together”.
There were two more new discoveries in Ise City. The first one was the beautiful and
highly preserve Ise shrine and the new world of Onsen.. I thought I would never try Onsen
if there was a bathroom in the hotel. Even though Onsen is good for the health and skin,
but I’m still having uncomfortable feeling to use this public bath. It is not common in
Javanese culture to take a bath together. So, Onsen in Ise city was the first and the last for
me
Japanese Cultural Introduction Day
I was amazed by the enthusiasm of Japanese volunteer
who prepare all the events for us. There were so many
new discovery of Japanese culture that day, from etiquette
at Japanese home, kimono wearing, tea ceremony,
calligraphy, origami, doll festival, okonomiyaki and much
more. Even though I enjoyed all the evens, but tea
ceremony was one of the most meaningful event for me. I
perceived that tea ceremony is both elaborate and simple.
Yet the whole of this art, as to its detail, signifies no more
than making and serving of a cup of tea. The supremely important matter is that the act is
performed in the most perfect, most polite, most graceful, most charming manner possible.
It has well defined steps and each step is strictly followed. I believe that the meaning of the
ceremony is to take time from our busy lives to fully appreciate and concentrate the beauty
of process and moments. It also taught me to appreciate every moment in life and how
even small things can bring us joy and courage. Life is too precious to waste without
stopping to appreciate all its beauty.
Home stay
I was so exited but also worried about this program.
Spending time with Japanese host families is the best
way to learn and discover Japanese culture. I met Yuka,
the daughter of my home stay family during the opening
ceremony. Even though I had a good impression about
this beautiful girl, I was still worried how I could adapt
with her family. Did her parent like me? Then, how
could I communicate with them because I can’t speak
Japanese?....and many other questions.
I was also worry that I would do something wrong in
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their house, since I was still not familiar with Japanese culture. Fortunately, all those
feelings just fade away when I arrived and met her family. I was so lucky that I stay in the
family with three generation. Obasan, she is 67 years old, but still energetic. She is
working in a cleaning service company. I admired her spirit; unfortunately she has to walk
during weekend so I did not have chance to speak with her. Otosan and Okasan is a
company worker. Otosan’s hobby is farming, which he usually does during weekend.
That weekend, Otosan took me to his rice farm. They have big warehouse in the rice
field full of machine. For me, this was a new discovery to Japanese agriculture, especially
how to plant and produce and harvesting rice with machine. In Indonesia, we still do it
manually. Next day, I had good time with Yuka, Okasan and Hiro. We went to shrine,
beach, lunch at ramen house, and we did our hobby..shopping Those two days, I felt like
I was at home with my own brother and sister. But this time we had cute little Cubby, their
dog which also became my friend and always followed me whenever I went to toilet
Visit to Suzuka City hall
Located in northern Mie Prefecture, Suzuka is blessed with a beautiful natural environment.
Suzuka has prospered as a "Green Industrial City" with a balance of agriculture and
industry, yet also facing major problem as other city in Japan, which is low bird rate and
aging society. Mr. Mitsuo Kawagishi, the major of Suzuka city hall has taught me that to
be a good leader, someone has to have clear vision, able to give equal and fair
opportunities and create the harmony. I wished that our leaders in Indonesia also have the
same way of thinking.
SEMINAR
Political system: Our lives and Politics, by Prof. Yoshiharu Tsuboi
The first session of this seminar we learned about the
political system in Malaysia, Myanmar and Cambodia.
Each country has different political system that represents
the diversity of political system in ASEAN. To be honest,
sometime I feel strongly apathetic towards politics and
government in my country. Indonesian is disillusioned by
the corruption and mismanagement of our government to
recover the economic crisis. I feel that “Politics doesn’t
really affect my life”. But then I realize that every aspect of our daily lives is influenced by
politics, just from how much we pay in taxes to the price of gasoline, as well as the
increase in food production etc. I believe that if people increase their political awareness
then we will be able to make difference. To start, we should just act by ourselves and not
lose hope because a few politicians are corrupt.
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Diplomatic policy
This seminar was presented by Prof. Satoshi Morimoto.
From this seminar, I gained a lot of new knowledge about
what is actually happen in the world. There are three major
nations (USA, Russia and China) and three major regions
(Europe, Middle East and Asia) that influence the world
today, and also the role of Japan in the world, especially in
Asia. The professor brought us into interactive discussion so
that this heavy topic became interesting.
Facilitation Skill I+II
This seminar was presented by Ms. Tsubaki, a charming
and beautiful Japanese woman. As I had never done
facilitation before, through these two days lecture, I
could gain a lot of new knowledge of how to be a good
facilitator. Firstly, I learn that facilitation skills can be
applied to create and support learning activity designed
to improve individuals, groups, and organizations. Good
facilitation helps the team to build better quality
solution from its knowledge, wisdom and experience. Secondly, I learned that good
interpersonal and communication skill is needed to be a good facilitator. Not only should
one be able to speak effectively, one must listen to the other person's words and engage in
communication on what the other person is speaking about. Even though this new skills
will take time to refine, but I think each time I use the facilitation skill, I will open myself
to new opportunities and more qualify result. I do believe that two heads is better than one
head…
Theme Lecture I&II (Population issue)
Ms. Kiyoko Ikegami has broadened my view about
UNFPA, UN organization, Millennium Development
Goals and gender issue through her 2 days interactive
seminars. One of the goals in MDGs goal that really
took my attention is goal 1: “to eradicate extreme
poverty and hunger.” Poverty has always been a
concern in Indonesia and also my concern. I come from
a small town which almost 40% of the population live
on US$2 or less a day. Agriculture is the main source of
living, but almost 60% of the farmers do not own the agriculture land. They only work as a
labour or renting the land from the landowner. Their earning depends on their work during
planting and harvest time. I know that the effect of poverty will create a poverty cycle.
Many of these poor people will remain trapped in a vicious cycle of inter-generational
poverty as they could not afford to give their children an education which would enable
them to escape from this poverty cycle. I believe that we have to start doing something to
help them, so they can have better live.. Small thing that we could do for the poor, will
mean a lot for them..
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Enterprise Strategy I&II: Family Mart
The Convenience stores have become an integral part of
Japanese society. It is not just a retail store, but they can
reflect and meet the requirement of working and busy
people as well as people with special need in almost 24
hours a day. This seminar proceeded in two sessions; the
first seminar was in Suzuka, presented by Mr. Mitsuyoshi
Harada, a general manager from FamilyMart, assisted by
Ms.Tomoko Yoneya. The 2nd session was held at
FamilyMart head quarter in Ikebukuro, Tokyo. This seminar has broadened my view
about the convenient store retailing business. I could summarize that the key success
factors for this business is how the store tightly link both value and convenience for their
customer. Convenience is more than just location, “value” is more than just price, and
making the best use of precious time is a consumer imperative. The factors should be
considered such as location/access, speed of service, assortment/availability, price and
environment.
FamilyMart’s customer focus is showing by their name which representing
FamilyMart approach of treating the customer as member of the family, supported by
strong family ties of company head office and franchises relationship. The fierce
competition among the convenience stores has made FamilyMart constantly produce new
innovative products and service according to the customer needs.
International Cooperation
This seminar is presented by Prof. Dr. T.Mizota. The First
session of the seminar, we learned about ODA in Cambodia,
Laos and Vietnam. Economic cooperation through ODA is
aims at people’s social welfare and well-being trough
technical cooperation, grant aid, lending loans and
integrated the three. The next session, we had group
assignment to create a project proposal through bilateral
ODA theme with Japanese government in connection with
security content. Our group discussion result took a challenging program for Singapore,
how to create a harmony in Singapore in order to create happier ASEAN and Japan in the
future. It was an idealism project; however I believe that happy people will be able to give
more to create a better living in society.
BUDO (KENDO)
This interactive seminar was presented by Dr. Alex Bennet.
It was a great experience to learn that Kendo teaches not
only physical fencing techniques but also a philosophy
which is inherent to Budo. Kendo develops strong spirit,
positive attitude and respect for others. I learn one important
lesson, which is “to defeat our opponent, first we have to
defeat our selves. I think we all feel the 4 illnesses in our
harts; fear, surprise, doubt and hesitance. However, we should be able to control those
feeling. As we get older, our physical ability is weakening; however our mental ability
should be stronger.
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OVOP (One Village, One Product)
The seminar was conducted by Prof. Fumihiko Adachi.
Since the beginning, I expected that this seminar would be
interesting, because I wanted to know more about OVOP
implementation in other countries and in Japan. Indonesia is
trying quite a similar program, but the implementation is
still questionable. The first session of the seminar, I gained a
lot of knowledge of OVOP movement in Cambodia,
Malasya and Thailand. It was inspiring to know the success story and also to study the
failure of the program. The key point of OVOP movement are local yet globally, self
reliance and creativity and also the human resources development. To be successful, the
OVOP movement should consider the nine success factors, which land, labour, capital,
technology, marketing, networking, local government and mass media, natural
environment and also international exchange and local diplomacy. The example of OITA
prefecture and some other cities in Japan has inspired that a city can became sustainable
with aggressive movement of local community, supported by good leadership and
government.
Education
This seminar was presented by Prof. Shoko Yamada.
Education is one of the goals in Millennium Development
Program. Education is a way to unlock the future. Through
education, we can have the personal development, human
capital development, improvement of livelihood and value
formation. “Education for All” should allow every child to
get universal primary education by 2015. However, some
reason like poverty has force children to drop out formal
education. Since three years ago, together with my family, I started a “Diniyah School” for
the children in our neighborhood. A “Diniyah school” is usually focused on giving the
children of Islamic education, but in our school, we are providing life skill educations such
as English lesson, computer training and also crafting. The children can come to school in
the afternoon, after they finished their formal school. I hope that these life skills will be
useful for those children in their future. I know that this is still very tiny step to create
better life for these children. However, I believe that if each of us takes a tiny step, then at
the end we will be able to create a giant step to make a better future…
Regional Development for Industrial Promotion
This seminar was presented by Mr. Yoshio Nagamine.
Together with Laos and Singapore, Indonesia presented the
industrial promotion in our country. This seminar has given
me more knowledge about the strength and weakness of
industrial promotion in ASEAN country. I noted that there
are 8 major point that make foreign investor come to
Singapore, which is: (1) political stability, (2) no corruption
in government and business, (3) adhere to rule of law, (4) clarity of rules and consistency
in application, (5) commitment and ability to solve problem in a timely and efficient
manner, (6) quality labor force (7) Government is pro business and (8) Good industrial
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relation achieved through tripartite cooperation involving trade unions, employer and
government. I really hope that Indonesian government will be able to take proactive and
leading role in Indonesian economic development, by considering those factors.
Sustainable Development Asia
This seminar was presented by Prof Matsushita. This was
interesting seminar, because our live is depending on the
environment. Japan is a good example of industrial country
yet still preserves the nature. The video about Monorail, one
rail one benefits, earth wind and sun source of energy, better
way with batter, charcoal charm and for the love of tree was
really inspiring. Right now, Indonesia is facing so many
environment problem caused by man made or natural
disaster. To make the difference, we could start from our selves, may be by asking what we
can do create better environment, and then we can spread it to our communities to create
better quality.
Sustainable Regional Development/ Field study at MokuMoku Farm
Moku-moku farm was my dream place. I enjoyed every
moment that we spent in this farm, from dinner in the
restaurant, saying in a hi-tech mushroom houses with
Sakura and Aey, morning activity in the dairy farm, field
tour, home made experience class and much more. Since
two years ago, we were expanding our business in
agriculture sector. So, through this field study and seminar
by Prof Sigeru Fukushima, I gained so much invaluable
knowledge and inspiration regarding how we are going to develop our business. Mr.
Kitamura explanation about Moku-moku farm was both practical and inspiring. Mokumoku was founded base on cooperation and mutual aid of agricultural producer to create a
form of conducting agriculture, with the philosophy of “farmer and farms in a corporate
organization”. Moku-moku farm has succeeded as an agri-community business as a
platform for exchange between cities and countryside, and promote the revitalization of
rural community. It is not only concerned with protecting farming towns and the natural
environment, but also with developing a social system that will protect the farm. Now, I
am really convinced that what we are on the right track of doing our business. I hope that
in the next 10 -20 years, we will have a new Moku-Moku farm in Nganjuk, my home town.
Visiting Toyota Commemorative Museum and Honda Factory
Before visiting this museum, I always thought that Toyota
was always related with car. I never thought that this
automotive factory begun with the inventing of the loom for
fabric. Visiting Toyota commemorative museum has
inspired me that “making thing’ is possible if we have the
spirit of being studious and creative. It was really interesting
to witness how Toyota actually changing from textile
machinery to automobile industry. When we visited Honda
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factory in Suzuka, we could only see the assembling part. Through these visit, I could
complete my whole picture of car automobile manufacturing, from the theory until
manufacturing process, and the happiest feeling I had was when we finally saw ASIMO in
Honda Office Headquarter in Tokyo!
Group study
The group study theme this time was “Population Issues”. Our
group, Smooth B, consist of 6 valuable members that is David
from Cambodia, Thongsavanh from Lao, May Yin (Sakura) from
Malaysia, Leslie from Singapore, Jirada from Thailand and me.
Our group name was adopted right after our first working session
together because we found that our major strength is that of
mutual respect and swift consensual decision making acceptable to
all. It was not easy at the beginning to choose which project that our group would work on.
Through discussion and consensus, our group has chosen to help one NGO working in
Cambodia to improve their self reliance through organic farming. Through this project, we
hope that with our capability we could help to create a better live for these children.
Nara Visit and Individual Plan day Kyoto
Nara and Kyoto were my favorite places in Japan. In these two cities, I could discover
more about past history of Japan, the tradition and also the spiritual side of Japan. In Nara,
we visited two world heritage temple, Todaiji which was surrounded by a deer park and
Horyuji temple, the oldest Buddhist wooden temple in Japan. These two places were very
much influenced by China and Korea culture.
In Kyoto, I visited more temples, shrines and museums to discover
more about Japanese architecture and culture. The first day I went to
Kinkakuji temple. I was amazed with the elegant and harmonious
architect of this temple. The golden temple looks outstanding in the
beautiful garden and scenery. Next site was Ryoanji temple, a simple
rock garden that consist of white sand and fifteen rocks laid out at the
end of the 15th century and one of the master pieces of Japanese culture. Next place was
Ginkakuji temple. I was impressed with the magnificent view of long hedge of stone,
bamboos and camellia lining both sides in the main entrance. I expected to see the silver
temple, but it was still under construction, however the beautiful garden and scenery was
able to expel my disappointment. Heian Jinggu shrine was kept my attention because of its
huge and red gate. Tokyo handicraft center was my next place to explore the Japanese
crafts. Tokyo museum was also interesting place to discover the rich cultural history of
Japan from archeological artifacts, ceramics, sculptures, paintings, calligraphy, textiles,
lacquer ware and metalwork. Then the journey of that day was ended in Gion Corner,
where I could see the night live in Kyoto.
The second day, I started my trip from Nijo Castle one of my
favorite places. From this visit I know that Nijo castle is one of the
finest examples of Momoyama period, architecture (1573-1614).
My particular interest was the Uguisu-Bari (Nightingale Floor),
when one walks on the corridor of the Ninomaru palace, it will
squeak. As I am one Manga’s fans, continue my trip to Manga
International Museum. This museum is quite new, establish in
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2003 and aiming to disseminating Japan’s unique Manga culture to the world. I think if I
did not have other places to visit, I could spend my whole day in this museum, enjoy all
the facility in this museum and of course the Manga book…
Nishiki Market was the right place to discover the Japanese food. It was good
experience for me to have lunch in this market and also discovering so many vegetables,
fish, meat and any kind of Japanese food. No wonder that this place is called as the kitchen
of Kyoto. From Nishiki, I went to Kyoto Botanical Garden. I discovered many kinds of
plant and garden, from Japanese native plant until the wild garden. I really enjoyed this
place, especially the tulip garden, because we could not grow this flower in Indonesia.
From Botanical Garden, I walked to the Garden of fine art. Thanks for Tomoo-san that
suggest me to visit this place. I like this place because of its unique architecture design that
combines the ceramic work of art into first garden painting in the worlds. Then, 2nd
individual trip was ended in Kyoto station. This is the most important transportation hub in
Kyoto, incorporating a shopping mall, hotel, movie theater and many stores under one 15
story roof. I think this building stands perfectly contrast with many historical places in
Kyoto, as the capital of traditional Japan. I felt that now I was turned from ancient Japan to
modern Japan, where everything should be fast, moving and high technology. I admired
the architecture of Kyoto Station building. It is so unique with slightly irregular cubic
façade of plate glass over a steel frame.
Individual Plan Day - Tokyo
Tokyo is the city that never sleeps with complicated system of transportation. That was my
first impression of Tokyo before I came. And that is the reality.. Tokyo is a big, modern
and vibrant city. Everything has to move fast and people are too busy so they have to do a
lot of thing at the same time, especially in the subway while they are commuting to work.
Time is so precious. People in Tokyo will make the best use of their time to work and
living.
The first day, I went to the National Museum of Emerging
Science and Innovation in Odaiba. I really enjoyed this
museum, especially the robotic development in the third floor
and the space ship in the 5th floor. There were so many
students also visited this museum. They look very eager to
know and writing a note. I wish that we have the same
museum in Indonesia, so student will have chance to know
more about science and innovation technology. My next visit
was the Maritime Science Museum. I went to this museum because of my concern about
the maritime development in Indonesia. I think as an archipelago, Indonesia is still far
behind Japan in Maritime development. The design of this museum is very attractive. It
looks like a huge white vessel. In this museum, I learned the history of the vessel, from the
beginning until present time. This museum also provides the information about
conservation activities of protecting sea life creatures and underwater environment. From
this museum, I continued my travel to Odaiba Marine Park to enjoy the beach and
beautiful fabrication of Rainbow Bridge. In this park, I also enjoy Deck super mall which
has unique design like a deck of ship, with so many stores, café and tourist attraction. My
journey that day ended in Tokyo Tower. It was raining, so I could not see the Tokyo night
view clearly. However, visiting Wax Museum and Guinness book of World Records was
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also inspiring and offered more knowledge about what has actually been achieved by these
great people.
On the second day, I went to Asakusa area the location of Sensoji temple and
Asakusajinja shrine. It was also raining, but there were so many visitors in these two places.
I enjoyed the shopping place, Nakamise very much. It was good a place to find Japanese
souvenirs along the 250m street from Kaminari-mon Gate to Hozomon Gate. I also met
Indonesian students who have the exchange program in Japan.. Wow! What a small world!
Then, I went to Shibuya, the sea of people. I also went to Akihabara, my favorite shopping
place because I could find so many electronic gadget and games.
Overall, the individual plan day I Kyoto and Tokyo was great. Being alone in Kyoto
and Tokyo was quite big challenge for me. I often travel alone, but this time was different.
I could not speak and read Japanese! City Map, city bus and subway route were the only
things that I could dependent to visit all those places. The discussion about our individual
plan, bus and subway orientation by Tomoo-san and also Mikio-san was really help to be
successful in this trip.
The city map, city bus and subway routes were sufficient guides
not to get lost in both Kyoto and Tokyo. The transportation system
in Kyoto is well developed and organized, while in Tokyo, even
though it looks complicated, it is not as complicated as I thought
before. In Japan, the busses and train come on time; there are clear
information in bus stop and subway. And if we unfortunately get
lost somewhere, there are still many people who will kindly help
you. Just show the map and ask kindly, they will help to show the right direction…so
thank you very much for my angels who help me when I got lost in Kyoto and Tokyo..
Cultural Exchange Day
This was one of the big events in the forum. We spent so
much time arranging this program, so many meetings,
practice and rehearsals to make sure that we could perform
our best during the event. The theme for cultural exchange
day was “World Weeding.” I do believe that practice make
perfect. In the beginning, it was quite difficult for me to
dance RamVong, Lao dance for the wedding. Great thanks
to Net, the sexy guy who taught us this dance. It was also
fun to do all the acting in this “world” wedding. Together
with Su, Leslie and Maria, we done the 2nd scene of wedding, met the parents according to
the traditions of Indonesia and Singapore. As for the country booth, actually, we did not
plan how we were going to decorate it. We just brought everything that might be needed.
In the end, we had a beautiful country booth. However I wished that I could bring more
souvenirs to give away to the audience. I think, this cultural exchange day, was the day we
had experienced the uniqueness of other Asean country, including Australia, Brazil, China,
and Kenya. Through country booth and weeding presentation, I gained more knowledge
about their culture.
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It is not the end, but just the beginning..
The 57 days that I spent at IATSS forum brought me to some big discoveries in my life.
Living in Japan for 57 days, taught me that the handwork, time management, patience,
perseverance, awareness and passion that made Japan one of the greatest countries in the
world. I definitely would bring back these values to my country, to make a bigger step to
create a better everyday life for the people around me.
I could never say enough thanks you to everybody that I met during this forum. My
deepest gratitude for all the IATSS Forum staff and committee for all the effort that has
been put in making the program successfully, and also constantly help, assist and always
ready for us…my fellow participants, my home stay family, Japanese participant and
volunteers, the lectures and many others.
I hope that this is definitely not the end of our journey together, but just a beginning...
Till we meet again!
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Amazing Japan and My Dream
Netkham Southaluck
Laos
First touch Japan on 7th April, 2008
For half my life, I have dreamed to have
opportunity to visit Japan. Time moves quickly, so
my first touch of Japan was a when I was more
than thirty years old. Watching television is a way
to know, visit Japan. But the real touch was the
other feeling of Japan such as technology, building,
nature and other which can not be described in
words. During 7 hours flew from Vientiane
International Airport then transferred to the other
flight in Bangkok to Nagoya International Airport
took so long, because I was thinking a lot about living in Japan, how is going to be in
Japan that feeling shown my excitement of this opportunity. My friends and I arrived in
Nagoya International Airport around 7:30 in the morning with the other IATSS forum
participants from 9 Asian countries. The first excitement came quickly that was technology
of checking in at the airport “finger printing system” I was waiting about 5 minutes for
checking in, I used two index fingers put on small holes in the counter and looked at a
camera on the top of counter until heard a sound “Hai Arigato Gozaimasu” from the
immigration officer. Then I walked straight out and saw the waving IATSS flag to
welcome us with a sign, I felt happy and forgot all tiredness. Mr. Akira HAGA the new
director and Mr. Tomoo OBA were waiting for us with two participants from Philippine.
We waited there around 30 minutes for the other participants before moving to the bus.
From the Nagoya Airport to IATSS forum, it took around two hours to get to the side road
to Suzuka circuit I never felt tired or closed my eyes because there are many places very
interesting such as car parks, factories, ports, and so many styles of houses which are very
excited. I thought Japanese are well planed infrastructure of the cities – there are many
roads very complexes but still nice when looking at. After arrived we went out for doing
orientation at seminar hall. During self introduction at seminar hall we did many activities
for getting known each other names, positions, work fields at provinces and countries. ‘Ice
break game’ that was one thing from a staff of IATSS program which I had learnt and I
can bring the ideas to use in my class at college with my students.
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Gasshuku – team building training
The next day, we moved to Ise city one hour south of Suzuka city by bus. Then we enjoyed
introduction of Japanese culture or lifestyle by a staff such as how to get in the Japanese
house, using bathroom, eating, and wearing traditional clothes, That was one part of new
knowledge about Japanese which is important, and very interesting, and should be
conserved for the future and teach to the new generation. These cultures activities might be
easy to do but it teaches people to be systematic or well behaved. One thing impressed me
that Japanese and Lao have the same imperative; before entering a house, should take off
shoes but the different behaving, Lao takes off their shoes in front off the door and
sometimes not left them in pair so quite difficult when they want to go out, that is different
from Japanese culture after take off in side the house they took it turn and left it in pair
clearly so easy when people want to use. This one I could learn and bring home and teach
my sons. Other thing was how to use chopsticks moderately difficult to use but people
should do it.
Gasshuku taught me many things culture was only a part. Mainly we learned how to create
good team working. Many activities were set up for us to train people to be friendly and
known each other better and better, known to listen to everyone ideas. Group work might
be more successful if each person enjoy and share ideas together. The activities started
from icebreaking and smoothly changing to team building activities we felt tired but
everyone still wanted to have good result so we tried a lot to practice many times until we
got the nice record. Everybody enjoyed studying there not stressed but full of lesson that
was important for team worker. As shown through these photos below:
The ‘Chafe and up’ game was enjoyable to play but it taught us to protect yourself from
damage and help friends to stand up this game taught us to have presence of mind when we
are working in group and should give chance for friends to stand up when they fall to let
them know that they have to stand up. It was very good game and full of meaning in team
building program.
The ‘two fingers down” this name I created myself, to help me
remember what should we act doing working in group or team.
This game was one of the most interesting games. At first, we
wanted to put it down but it still went up, because everyone only
talked did not do it, the best way to be successful playing this
game that you have to be a person who listen to other in team,
and do it properly with each other.
This was another game which we learned a lot from by practicing. The members’ different
meanings were important for the team. The members should help each other and find the
way that suitable for you to finished your job smoothly and be sure you are not the
problem of the team. And friends also important you have to help friends and understand
what are your friends’ strong and weak points so you can help
your friends to finish their job in the right ways.
This was one game that helped me accept my friends after we
had tried many ways to solve the problem until they listened to
me and we could do it. In this game I learned lot about accepting
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other ideas we can not left them behind, they also have chance to share their ideas maybe
they can help or important for that sector. For me this game taught me that we should pay
attention carefully to instruction and try to analysis and understand it before practicing,
because if you do not thinking before doing that might be hurt yourself.
In the outside game to learned more about team building
program, the playing key for this game to be successful is all
member should have voice to say and share together and we
need a leader to control the team. From this game I learnt that
team will be strong if we play our role perfectly and use our
responsibility to help friends when they need our helped, that
might be key for successful during group work.
So during four days in Gasshuku Ise city I learnt a lot from the program and got many
friends. Also I could be brave to openly talked with each other after this section of training,
so if we want to succeed in team work we need this kind of training, but behind the screen
sometimes difficult to work in team and it could not be successes easily if group members
are too much different behavior compared each other, they would usual made comparing
like you did much but you didn’t do and also they will throw out the work for other instead
of doing or helping each other. Here might be one experience for me that I can bring home
to use on my field of work.
Enjoy traditional and quotidian life in Japan 11th- 30th April, 2008
‘Love and learn together’ is 43rd batch’s motto which created by 18 participants during
Gasshuku team building training program. Deeply meaning of this motto is learnt to think,
share, exchange and create new ideas to solve or face with problems among ASEAN
countries. Human issues are increasing everyday no one or individual countries can solve
alone. They also need some help from other, as many authors mentioned “no one is
perfect” and “life long learning.” These sentences also tell us to know that we need to learn
more and then we realize how stupid we are sometimes.
So during living in Japan this program also provided us chances
to exchange cultures and traditional lifestyles between 10
different countries in ASEAN. Japanese culture had served us
and I learnt many cases from Japanese, as such eating style,
foods, clothes, behavior in society – in the bus, train, hotel, and
many places Japanese people seem to be quiet and relax, they
love to visit temples and living closely with nature as I saw in
Ise shrine many people visited there. It is a big shrine and very famous one in Japan;
people around the village get directly profit from tourists. Everything in that temple seems
to be big and very excited when I was looking. Trees and buildings are well designed,
make more attraction for tourists. That is only one place in many in Japan like in Kyoto
city the old capital city of Japan, there is many places for example
old temples, museums, parks, and living ordinary people.
During traveling there Kyoto city, I learnt more about Japanese
culture but the most impressed me that was how Japanese live
friendly with nature, this word maybe wrong used but I mean that
they save nature as a part of there life, they know how to use
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nature I like there because everywhere green and full of different colors from flowers,
house and trees are easy to find around the city that will be good for protection from
pollution. Other things Kyoto is one industrial city which earn more income from tourism
sites.
Not only full of cultures, business, high building and other modern thing but they still
maintain the traditional or originally living styles, sometimes difficultly to describe how it
is like in words, so the best way to know Japan is you need to be there and enjoy observing
by yourself. Architecture and history will explain fully information how Kyoto became
world heritage site, and how Japan developed and balanced used of nature, photos
collection is one way to be easy explain this instead of using words. So I took a lot of
photos and have shown you here.
Opening ceremony
An other important day for us during the program
was opening ceremony. We prepared and
practiced hard to make it smoothly in that day,
especially Japanese language that we used for
presenting ourselves. I am not good at
remembering so the best way for me to learn was
learning the hard way. But before coming to Japan
I also hope to learn more Japanese, I studied for a
month with Lao teacher but I forgot everything. I
used quite simple sentences such as ‘kon nichiwa, hajime mashite, watashi no namae wa
Net desu, watashi wa Laosu kara kimashita. Arigato gozaimasu’ but it was ok for me to
speak these sentences. Opening ceremony was held on 12th April 2008. There were many
people invited to participant and some committee of IATSS forum, I was very excited and
a little bit worry about Japanese introduction. At the end I could do it well. After finished
introducing, we were chatting with quests and exchanged name card. I also had chance to
talk with my host family.
Visit
Study tours and visiting important places such as Suzuka City Hall, Suzuka Police Station,
Honda Motor Suzuka factory, Suzuka safety traffic center, Nagoya Toyota museum and
Moku Moku farm are including in the program aims to learn and gain more experience
from the reality places.
City Hall is the place where Suzuka mayor works in and
also the place for all members of committee meeting or
discussion and the other called assembly hall. We had
chance to meet the mayor and he gave us information
about Suzuka city then we enjoyed observing the hall and
took photos before leaving.
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After that we went to Suzuka police station and listened to a presentation about the
Japanese police system. And also we learned how to find fingers printing from can or other
by using special equipment that was very important for criminal analysis.
Then we continued visiting Honda motor Suzuka factory listened to lecture about how they
work what team work look like? How can they produce more and quality control and at the
end we had chance to see how they work in the factory. One thing impressed me that they
use technology and people work together one day they produce more than hundred cars.
Suzuka safety traffic center is one place important for society because it is the place where
training for driver to know how to drive cars and ride motorbike in safety ways, this place
is not for people who can not drive or ride but training for people who already have driving
license to know well and respect to traffic rules, when they drive in society. They have
many different training program if who want to joy have to pay them around two or three
thousand per course. At the end we had time to try driving car, we learnt a lot about safety
technology in Honda car such as break system – ABS, CMBS, and these system help to
protect passengers from accident.
Traffic Control Center visit in Tokyo
There was a big traffic control electronic machine with high technology because Tokyo is
the biggest city in the world and the roads are complexes as I observed sometimes difficult
to find a place in Tokyo even Japanese who can read and speak still lost in the city. The
technology could help them to solve the problem, the machine and people work together to
solve the traffic jam. That was every good. From this I learnt that to solve a kind of this
problem we need human resources who well at decision and working in team as I saw in
the center when they got traffic jam or accident they might be group work to analyze and
solve at less only ten minutes.
Study tour
Individual plan had two visits; one in Kyoto and one in Tokyo. My aims to use these
days for observing lifestyle, traditional, science museum and other technology of Japanese
because I needed to compare the differences between my country and Japanese culture as
well as the kind of places which do not exist in my country. So in these days I planned to
visit some temples, shopping arcades, museums, Disneyland and Disneysea park that Lao
do not have.
During the trip, I understood that Japanese people work hard during the working days but
the weekends or holiday they mostly spend with their family to visit temples, shrines, zoos,
or parks. It was a very good time to compare them with myself in Lao sometimes I do not
have time to take care my sons so from this I should bring back to use especially in work
planning that I never did it so it made me crazy with work and money. Other thing was
travel in city or country might be one thing should be encouraged in Laos because most of
them spent a lot of money in Thailand that means money go out to aboard and not helped
people in our own country. Moreover I found that learning outside the class might be better
understanding than sitting in front of the board all the time so I am as a teacher who never
brings students out for learning I could bring this idea to use especially history subject
maybe we should take them to see history museum that we also have.
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One more thing that I felt tired and if I could have chosen I would not want to stay in the
big city like Tokyo, I saw there very modern but very difficult to travel people moved
around without looking at each other’s faces sometimes hitting each other. Everybody in
hurry and hurly movement especially on the stations or roads as I saw a man pushing a
wheelchair with carrying son out off the crowded people to a lift, his son was sick because
of stressed with flowed of people. I could felt that when I stood there around 10 minutes I
got headache so I decided to walk out off the station.
And one more difficulty for me as the same with foreigners that because there was no
English .Sometimes I wanted to go that place but I could not find the way I decided to ask
one police officer he also couldn’t speak at that time I lost about 450 yen for the ticket. As
I have seen sometimes Japanese still lost the way. As my experience in Sweden there was
also crowded but they painted clearly color to the hold lines of subway example red line,
blue or yellow they will paint that color on the wall and ceiling so easy to see and I never
lost there.
One more place I loved and spent a lot of time it was the aquarium in Tokyo Sea Life Park
that is very nice and good to learn about animal as fishes in the sea and good place for
children to learn because there are a lot of fishes and names were stuck on mirrors so you
could see and learn.
Toyota museum Visit
Nagoya Toyota museum was the topic of the lecture by
Prof. Fumihiko Adachi. We went there learnt more how
Japanese develop especially Toyota very famous name in
the world in automobile production. Before produced cars,
Toyota was known as Toyoda. They produced machines
for weaving clothes in factories then developed to produce
cars until now. The museum shows us the developing
processed of the company from lowest or hand made
production moving to high technology using computer or robot.
Moku Moku farm was one interesting place, because it is a successful farm in Iga city
become model for other farms in Japan and other countries. This farm run by farmer
cooperative together as committee and running their business, the concept of Moku Moku
farm is producing fresh food for society, delicious, safe, reasonable prices, fresh and
healthy food. This farm produces and serves to people around the city and also produces
for some food factories and sells in their own restaurants too. In the farm there are many
activities especially they welcome the quests who would like to learn about agriculture
activities such as rice planting, rice harvesting, feeding pigs and cows, making cakes, bread,
cheese, beer, … etc. these activities become an attraction point for agriculture tourism, so
in each year they have guests visiting them more than thousand people, most of them went
there for eating organic food at the restaurant, enjoy nature, shopping on the weekend. As a
sentence said that ‘five days work in the city and 2 days outside enjoy nature’ and the main
point here many young generation starting work in rural area, that means they understand
how important of agriculture product where produce food for society. But this farm still
have problem that is money, because they could not increase the price of the products. In
my opinion, this is good way to develop rural areas and should active promoted to other
places and also in my country if they easy understand except new generation ideas, they
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can use this ideas too, but the real in my country is difficult. It is hard to tell them what to
do and let them do the new thing.
Family Mart in Sunshine city Visit
We went to Family Mart’s headquarters for a seminar, Enterprise strategies II which was
very interesting to learn how do they successful doing this kind of business. After the
seminar one we learnt much how to choose and analyzing the location for opening the shop
such as we need to think about population around that area, which one the way that thy
used to travel everyday, as well as the view of the shop and eating traditions of people.
The second seminar, we learned by looking at real places and how the company made
advertisement from this visited I learnt that the places we should choose it is not only
many people walked pass but need to think about what kind of people living there that
means quality of the customers, office areas, schools that might sell well than other, one
more thing is you have to think about competition with other company too. What is our
strong point and what are they weak points, if you know that well that might be easy to win
the competition as Lao’s proverb mentioned that ‘know them well, understand ourselves
good, then you will got half win of the competition before start racing’.
Waseda University
This was a day that I felt tired, because after visiting Tokyo Traffic Control Center, we had
a discussion with university students and Prof. Tsuboi about political and some issues
among Asian countries. During discussion sometimes I could not catch up the topic
because it was too general not specific with once, the professor just allowed us to share
knowledge about the countries and made question, sometime I was boring this kind of
seminar. As I know we are new generation even we do not have any position or power to
change something in the country especially the politic system for me only know for
decorating my brain but I do not have power to change. If I do it I might be got trouble so
the way I can do only listened and adapted to use on my work some only. So from this
section I could bring back only the way to preserve history for next generation as
university museum was very interesting if school have because when we want to teach
students about history we just let them to see and explain might be easy than only tell them.
One more thing that I was impressed by the students sometimes I could not recognize that
they are students or not because they did not wear uniform but opposite they wore very
short skirt or pants especially women, t-shirt or broken trousers that was bad in my opinion
because we easy to see in the society a lot of people wearing walking for shopping but at
the school or university should be close or formal than that. Compare with Lao university
they have not exactly the same uniform but formal suit so easy to know they are students.
Sometimes when I was in the subways I saw the elder people looked at the girl who wore
short skirt. They might also think the same as me. If I was not wrong in the past Japanese
people usually wore the kimono that was very nice and more beautiful than short skirt, but
maybe got influenced from western culture.
Exchange activities
Japanese cultural introduction day
The following day we enjoyed the Japanese cultural introduction event presented by
Japanese volunteers at seminar hall. They demonstrated kimono, dressing and tea
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ceremony, then enjoyed dancing with traditional dances and music or playing Japanese
drum. I took a lot of photos when we played Japanese toy and sang songs at the end we
enjoyed testing Japanese food such as seafood, Japanese pizza and other. So I had found
that Japanese people a little bit quiet but very interesting that they esteemed to each other
liked in the tea ceremony I saw many bows to each other before drinking only one cup of
tea many steps happened. For the kimono wearing demonstration took for long time so in
my opinion women might be very patient but it was beautiful after finished the process.
Dancing still preserved of happy ceremony of the farmers with the same as Lao dancing
mostly related to farmers activities. Foods are nice but need time to prepare and should be
fresh that is quite different from Lao foods, sometimes we eats strong stink food such as
Lao called Padaek, Nokandtoung… but these because of materials and resources with we
have different.
Home stay
The home stay was a plan including in IATSS forum program
the aim of this program deeply learning Japanese living style
and exchanged information with host family for two days and
one night. My host family’s name is Ono, Mr. Jiro Ono is
pharmacist, and they live in Yokkaichi city. They are very nice
family, there are 5 people in the family but their children are
working in Kyoto so at home now has only Obaasan, Okaasan
and Otousan, they love learning. During one and half day
stayed with them I was very happy and learnt a lot.
During this experience I found out how Japanese developing country that because of
education background helpful as Obaasan she is old but still like to learn from reading,
watching and etc compare with Lao people lack of reading that not mean not enough books
or news but because of we could not educate children love to read they spend time to play
with or the things in school only as a lesson. So culture or elder people are important to be
model for the next generation. I thought if we want to reform something that needs time to
practice from the new or teenager because they will be power of the country in the future
to talk with the old people to change something might be difficult so Japanese learning
style might be influenced from the good culture of learning.
Cultural exchange day
This was a day that we had waited for long time. We worked
hard for preparing especially working with CIR to practice self
presentation, performance about wedding ceremony, dancing
and other activities. Because everyone wanted to be perfect on
demonstration so we had to work hard. During practicing I was
responsible for dancing coordinator. By the way, I never did it
before, but for Lao Lum vong, I usually dance it in Laos when
I go to parties, so it is not so difficult. But if everyone wanted
to be perfect that was difficult. So during practicing I tried to show them only, maybe
difficult to lead they do the same as original dancer. Finally most of them could do it well
eventual not perfect but it was ok and enjoyed, all guests could follow with us. That was
the Lum vong concept. Other interesting was country’s booths where we shown the
production from each country, all guests enjoyed looking and testing foods, snacks from all
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countries, someone bought some souvenirs. The important part was auction time because
every country brought one item to sell and most of money will donate to help Myanmar
people who were destroyed by Cyclone at the end we could sell and got money more than
fifty thousand yen so everyone was happy and proud to help as much as possible.
Kimono demonstration
It was a day organized by the IATSS forum volunteers from
Suzuka city. The event was held in the Mie-prefecture Suzuka
youth centre near Suzuka circuit. We had chance to wear Ukata
and enjoyed barbecue with all volunteers. We exchanged
information and learnt together. At the end of the day we had
demonstration fashion show how to wear kimono in different
occasions, such as what kind of kimono wearing in formal
situation, wedding party, homemaker and kimono for young ladies. And also we had tried
wearing wedding suite. This is one traditional style of Japanese people which should
preserve for the future and when wear the kimono that girl should be quiet, respectful and
well behavior. That is Japanese.
Seminars
This was the one important part of the program. The themes were selected and sent to all
participants before coming. This batch had 10 titles are related to ASEAN country
development and issues. Each country had to share information on two topics at least by
presenting for this batch. Laos had to talk about ODA and development industrial
promotion, I was responsible to present about development industrial promotion, this topic
was not my major so I had to learn a lot for preparing and try to understand. I did know
anything about this topic before; but after reading, presenting discussing with friends and
listening to the professor’s lecture I learned more. So after this program when I back to my
country I can share with other. And other topic more impressed me was education and
environment and sustainable Asia because they were closed to me.
Education compared with all Asian countries Laos still be lowest country which less
development, start with primary school or compulsory school Laos has five grades but
other countries have six grades, for this only now because the government already created
new education plan to add more one year schooling in the year 2010. This plan includes
Lao educational reform. So nowadays, it is in the way to practice and retraining for
teachers to use new curriculum or syllabus it needs time to practicing at less until the year
2015 Lao education will become the same level with other Asian countries education. For
Myanmar, Thailand and Singapore their education level better than Laos such as Thai they
has many universities, Singapore has more than 3 universities and Myanmar has two
university for Laos has only one belong to the government. But all countries have the same
concept is ‘education for all’ this concept means each government has to provide school to
everybody in the country, give chance for everyone learn at less finished compulsory
school. Life long learning was a topic that lecturer mentioned and brought to discuss with
all participants, it is also other meaning of education for all. Education is a good way to
help countries free from poverty. If everybody in the country had education, the country
might develop quickly. So as my position like now I could bring all my experience back to
practice in my work filed, transfer to my colleagues and my students. I hope we can bring
our country free from poverty in the year 2020 as the government has stated.
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Environmental issues are the big problem of the world right now. Everyone should
concentrate on solving this problem together. As we have seen many problems happen in
the world such as cyclone in Myanmar, earthquake in China and hot mud in Indonesia.
Those disasters may have happened because of human increasing and developing without
care environment. These kinds of problems should be quickly solved together by
development, trying to balance development and maintain nature together, reduces
destroying nature. This is going to be successful if all countries realized and do it properly.
Learning and practicing together may be the best way to solve the problem. As experience
during travel with the program, I was impressed by many things that Japanese people act to
save nature with develop there own cites – everywhere green a lot of trees are planted,
gardens, parks, in the city, around factory especially in the house that I really like this idea.
High technology is sometimes can produce positive and negative product. But the good
way is people have to know how to make it balanced. Water is very important for human
beings. If there is no water, everything may die. So, we need to save water with world;
trees should be planted instead of cutting down. Because trees or rain forests are the place
produce water for the world. So as my position maybe difficult to change all the things
happened in the right way but I will try to do myself better and lead my family to do it and
also my students maybe in the future they might be people who continue doing and
developing the world.
Japanese martial arts
This was one in the 11 topics in this program, which related
to Japanese culture. We listened to lecture by Mr. Alexander
Bennett who is lecturer of Japanese martial arts, so in the
morning we learnt history of swords especially about kendo.
‘Kendo is a kind of spiritual sports’ who play this sport not
only be healthy but he/she also become patient person. This
sport is very famous in Japan and also knows well in other
countries around the world, and it is going to teach in
compulsory school in the year 2012 in Japan. In the afternoon we had opportunity to learn
kendo teaching by Mr. Alexander Bennett and a Japanese volunteer. We learnt three form
of cutting such as cutting head, hand, and stomach. The end we enjoyed fighting each other
in team by using plastic swords. I think that this sport is once fighting art. It is very
interesting and should preserved for the next generation.
Group study
This was our main activity to do after learnt from all
lectures. A population issue was chosen and planed as a
proposal in a group. The discussion, exchange information,
thinking and learning together are used in the group by
group members who are from different countries. There
were six people in my group from Thailand, Malaysia,
Philippine, Myanmar, Vietnam and Laos. We started by
brainstorming issues from each member then found some
information from internet sources to compare between six countries, then we found that
Laos education still have problem than the other countries, so we selected to write a
proposal to develop or increase dropping rate of primary students at Laos rural areas. After
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many discussion times and searching some support information we continued to create
activities to use in our plan and presented to each other, got some feedback and then
rewrote again add more until everyone happy about output, used all knowledge which
learnt from lecturers to be as references until finished.
Honda headquarter was a place that we visited to do our group presentation, it was very
nice and we had change to practice presenting and discuss about group proposal, in the
morning we discussed and changed some ideas of presentation then afternoon we
presented group by group and got feedback after presenting from two lecturers and our
friends I found that our group work still need to improve because it is too big and unclear
some information so many questions were asked by friends and lecturers such as who are
you? What are your responsibilities? So that means our group works did not make sense
for listeners the lecture commented us to find one specific village to do it or reduce the
time to implement into two years instead of 5 years. So we found that we have to make it
clear. That day I learnt that presenting preparation are very important you have to choose
the main ideas to say and try not to bring a lot but not conclude the sense of the topic.
We had the chance to see the Asimo show. It was very amazing and good product from
Honda Company. If it didn’t move by remote control, it might be a person. But I learned
that the high technology became from a dream of one person but expressed to one group
then work together to complete the dream and developed from the original movement of
the history or thing which we already known from the past such as Asimo, he was
developed from monkey movement to be people so it can stand without falling down. For
this maybe can teach us to do with thing you already have then develop it become more
modern. But the thing you need that was a friends or model to be a guide or help us to
achieve the dream.
Group study lecture and facilitation skills
Gender issues or population issues are something new for
me but only the words; because these problems may be
easy to export from each other countries, and societies.
During the discussion people may get the main points and
then they could widely explain. From 2 days lecture I
learnt that project can be observe and implement at the
common level, neighbors, a practical proposal and small
size with indicators assessable and decided objectives
inline with the stakeholders, and other is government
agencies should officially play the main in charge to purpose successfully along with the
other agencies, clearness is important as information needs to be checked, clearly definite,
lead agency roles should actively participate and stakeholders has to agree to implement
activities to develop and train ability and requires classification of capacity. That was
important when we would like to be successful in proposal writing; we have to focus on
these ideas.
Facilitation skills were one important theme during this program. Before coming here, I
never learnt about facilitation skill but after lecture and practicing it seemed to use
formally in my office especially on my filed work. Facilitator is a person who is important
in group working or meeting. The discussion might be successful if the facilitator strongly
focus on topic and lead members to talk. Ice-breaking is one activity that should bring to
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use in group discussion before starting to talk about
the topic. Good facilitator is a person who has
knowledge, well organized, good listening and
summarizing the ideas. So this lecture was one popular
topic during this program.
Conclusion
The 55 days of experiences were very nice and I learned about many things. I got a chance
to make friends from different ASEAN countries. Loving and learning together was as
motor for our group had been created. Exchanging knowledge and culture, sharing the
good food and drinks, creating and solving problems together, enjoying learning, playing
and laughing together with the very nice staff of IATSS forum and volunteers, providing
opportunities for everyone to know the world wider, increasing the relationship between
Asian countries and Japan. All that I mentioned above could find in the program. So this
program is very useful to help each other working and developing together.
Knowledge which you learn in the class is sometimes no match for reality. So, visiting and
practicing may be better. This opportunity gave me more political, business, marketing,
education, and environment knowledge and so on through out the program. Some I can
remember and will bring back to apply in my work filed but some I can not get because of
language problems. Overall, the program was very nice.
At this time I would like to say thank you very much to Japanese people especially Honda
Company for providing a very nice program to society and for Asian countries to have the
chance to learn and exchange knowledge and culture. Thank you to the IATSS forum
committees and hardworking staff for setting nice activities, helping and taking care of
everything while I lived here. I hope to meet all of you again soon and welcome you to
visit Laos, my country, when you have time. Thank you very very much.
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Dream Become Real
Thongsavanh Khammanichanh
Lao PDR
Japan! Japan! Japan!
Japanese! My memory goes back to when I was in high school and started learning English.
I saw a guy walking by the place I was sitting and I waved my hand to him with saying
hello. I then found that he was Japanese whose poor English was not so different from
mine. We then chatted for a while before he went ahead with his sightseeing walk. This
was the first time I met Japanese people. In addition, when I went to Philippines to study,
the first people who communicated with me in my mother tongue was also Japanese (Dr.
Kobayashi). Since then, Japan has always stuck in my memory for these events. Japan, one
of the high-technology and developed country in Asia, people should visit once in their
life..
Upon my first step on Japanese land, I felt very
excited to see Japan, even though it was quite
sleepy from long night travelling. All worry eased
when I was warmly welcomed and assistance was
provided by IATSS staff. First, orientation made
me a bit of nervous as all of information and tasks
for 55 days in Japan were condensed and delivered
to my head in a short time, but it then gradually
released when time past by as I have some more
time to study and familiarize with them.
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Gasshuku – Team Building
It was the third time I had the opportunity to join a team building session. First and second
of my attending in team building were in the Philippines. At first, before participated in the
session, thought that why do we need to have team building? What is its important? After
joined such session, I discovered that it was really important for the people starting to be
together in the same environment, working together, helping each other, sharing
knowledge or experience, supporting, leading, compromising, etc., which it is inevitable in
our lives. This was the third time I had chance to learn about the Gasshuku, I found each
Gasshuku has its uniqueness. Games were completely different from each others, but each
game provided its morale and meaning.
Before participating in Gasshuku, always
thought that how the games and small
activities were important? It seemed to
me that it would be wasted of time and
resources. But after I have participated in
the games and self evaluated, I
discovered that it is the way to learn
from small things in order to act
big things. It reflected a lot of things that
people always be careless about it. Every
games and activities carried out provided
great of meanings and interpretations that
are applicable to our real lives. I honestly
accepted that I learn a lot from Gasshuku
which is difficult to depict it all into
limited pages.
Ise Shrine
I felt very lucky that I live thousands miles away from Japan, but I was able to see the most
famous shrine in Japan as many Japanese people are not able to see it. I asked some
beautiful Japanese ladies, from Osaka and also visited the place on the same day; it was
also their first visit there. Thus, I felt that they are about to reach it, but it is not that easy
for them. I was impressed with the thousand years old trees are standing to allow the
visitors enjoy them as providing them shade and moisture. Finally, I enjoyed seeing people
sitting and enjoying the beauty of the nature – on the river bank after they finished walking
on shopping street.
Japanese Culture and Home Stay
I was amazed by the unique Japanese culture. It was an honor to have closely chance to
explore it by demonstration of professional Japanese demonstrator. Iwas very amazed and
excited for seeing and experiencing the tea serving process. I have never thought that tea
serving process would contain its uniqueness for each culture. I found out that tea servers
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need to be trained with good skill to do this. The people who serve the tea are very patient
and he/she serves it with his/her heart. I am very impressed this process.
It was unforgettable experience and great honor having chance to stay in Japanese house to
learn and observe their daily life. Not many people who are foreigners to Japan will chance
to get warm welcome to Japanese house. I have seen and learn their house decoration style
which is unique and order such as the places to keep stuffs, e.g. piano room, dining room,
kitchen, etc. Japanese was Okasan always busy in the kitchen to make sure the guest’s
stomach is filled.
I myself was not much aware and
interested in art and poetry before. But
after my host family brought me to visit,
with Ms. Tadami’s attempt to explain me
with patience, Nobutsuna Sasaki
Museum, together with its officer’s
explanation, it drove me to deeply
understand about poems and enjoy it. I
was impressed with Sasaki’s talent as he
started his poetry careers since he was 5
years old, especially Tangka (like the
song starts with U no hana……). In
addition, visiting the Museum of
Koudayu Daikoku-ya, I learned that, with
endeavor, you can survive from any
unfriendly environment as he did – his
ship was encountered storm during
sailing from Suzuka to Tokyo and it
made him lost into Russia. With his
struggle to survive in hard environment
(cold weather and new culture), he was
finally able to return to Japan after 10
years living in Russia. It was great that
the host family let me know these two
famous heroes of Suzuka.
Memorial
of
Koudayu
Daikoku-ya
The ONSEN was an experience that will remain in my memory. It recall my memory, that
taking bath with naked body in the same tub with mass of people, back to my childhood. It
was when I was in the elementary age that we naked to take bath in the same pond.
Seminars
Political System
Before, It was very difficult for me to profoundly understand the political system in the
world or even in ASEAN countries. But upon this seminar, I have learned a lot about the
various political systems within the ASEAN countries. It is my first time to know that
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Malaysia is a country ruled by the King. Furthermore, there is not only one King in
Malaysia, but there are 9 Kings (king families) in the country. Each King has 5 years term
to rule the country together with the Prime Minister’s term. This was very good lesson for
me to learn about this.
In addition, I am very appreciated to Professor Yoshiharu Tsuboi that he brought up the
current situation of Japan Imperial Family Lines with its role in the country, which I have
never heard before, aside from the Japan unique political system. This session helped me a
lot to understand more of the political system of individual ASEAN countries.
Family Mart Strategy
I gain extensive knowledge from this seminar because it made me learn how the Family
Mart system operates, what make the business succeed, and what should avoid. The key of
success for this business is the people or we can simply say the “customers”. Mr. Harada
made a great session for this seminar as we were not only learning but also had fun with
his game. I learn that this kind of business is not suitable to run in low population density
and with low GDP. In other words, this business is apt for high income and dense
population areas. Furthermore, after Tokyo visit and small research on FamilyMart
Strategy, I realized that businessman has never stop thinking for new means of competing
with its rival and seeking for the business growth. This confirms my words that I always
keep in my mind “never stop learning and improving yourself”. This can be really practical
upon my return to home country.
Diplomatic Policy
Now world is facing serious problems i.e. nuclear programme of N. Korea, Iran, Seria, etc.,
food shortage, environmental issue, etc. These are globally problems which directly need
good diplomatic solution. It was a good chance for our participants having Professor S.
Morimoto, whose is globally experienced, to share us the world situations and hot issues.
His lecture provided us insight of update world situation i.e. US presidential selection in
2008, the powerful countries (US, Russia, and China), and the major regions (Europe,
Middle East, and Asia). I have extensively learned the moving trend of the Asia, which
Prof. Moritmoto hinted, is under the China direction which is not yet clear right now.
Several questions in my mind were answered upon sharing with his experience. For
example, what was behind of the Iraq war? Why the US did not take any action with the
Pakistan for having nuclear weapons?
International Cooperation – Official Development Assistance (ODA)
I was designated for a country presentation regarding ODA in Lao PDR. I was a bit
nervous during preparations for the presentation, since it was in a field that I should go
deeper to ensure that participants have understood. Upon presentations, of three designated
countries (Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Vietnam) with explanations and discussions with
Professor Mizota, my nervousness eased as my understanding went along with this
seminar’s objective. This seminar provided me not only the importance of ODA and its
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roles, but also its future trend and what the recipient countries should prepare for and deal
with. Any change in policy or economical status affects ODA.
It was a great chance to learn the ideas of
Professor Mizota in regarding his insight
on ODA via his comments to the group
discussion. Of course, the developing
countries still need ODA from those
developed countries, but they must also
struggle to stand by themselves.
Nonetheless, ODA will inevitably
continue.
Martial Arts
I can honestly say that I was first I never understood importance of martial arts. After
participating in the seminar and handing on the Kendo, I was surprised how wonderful
martial arts are! As they are not just self defense art, but they are also about science
because it shows its morale and value inside as it is not happened by beliefs but by
invention. I am really impressed on the action of Zanshin (constant alertness and never
taking anything for granted). This is really important in applying for life as people should
not showoff his pride over other’s loss. Showing respect to others is a key to self learning
and improving.
OVOP
I was really honored to learn about OVOP in the place of its origin - Japan. I not only
learned from Japanese side, but also from presentations from Thailand, Cambodia, and
Malaysia. It is really important in promoting OVOP by local potentiality along with global
market niche. I am very delighted to chance asking Professor Funihiko Adachi, for his
view as outsider to Lao PDR, for the potential of OVOP in Lao PDR. Upon his answer, I
have learnt that tourism seems to be most potential for Lao PDR as a landlocked country.
Education
Upon presentation of three countries – Myanmar, Singapore, and Thailand, I was really
impressed to learn the overalls situations of the education plights in each country. It is
amazed that Singapore’s education is advanced to other countries in ASEAN. Most of the
seminars and presentations indicated that human resource development is crucial along
with economical development. Thus, education is a key contributing to human resource
development. I am discernible that this sector needs to be promoted for upgrading its
service in each country. Furthermore, I have learned about education system with its
history. Japan’s education has evolved in many stages, from memorizing system to
analyzing and synthesizing system. This is as our professor told us that education’s
approach of Japan changed from course-based to hands on and problem solving activities.
For Lao PDR, it needs gradually changing to more hands on and logical thinking approach
in order to develop new generations.
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Environment and Sustainable Development
The environmental is one of the hot issues and at the top of the agenda at the current world
summit currently. And sustainable development is also another issue that developing
countries are struggling to overcome it. It is really appreciated to IATSS in putting this
topic into its seminar agenda. I have learned many cases in regarding environmental issue
such as traffic problem in Indonesia and biodiversity threatening in Philippines. Most of
the problems come from human acts which are now challenging the country’s leaders to
deal with, especially young leaders as us. In addition, I am very glad to learn about contour
bunding project in Vietnam that seems to be successful. This may be a good place to share
the experience between Laos and Vietnam because some NGOs have also launched similar
projects, but it seems not to be satisfactorily successful.
With the comments and view of Professor Kazuo Matsushita, I have learned about his
analytical approach. Upon his view, it is necessary, in order to deal with urban
environmental problems, to have good urban planning. Furthermore, carefully check of
environmental potential is needed before approving of any project that may harm the
environment. This is to ensure that “prevention is better than cure”. Another idea that I am
impressed is about home office, as the technology advancement nowadays, which can
somehow, helps to solve the traffic problems in the big cities.
Sustainable Rural Development
This seminar topic drew a lot of my attention because I have been involved in this field for
a long time in my career. Sustainable rural development has been a hot issue in the
developing countries, for example Lao PDR. I was really lucky for being participated and
learning about the experience and model of Japanese sustainable rural development. From
the lecture of Professor Fukushima and experience sharing from Mr. Kimura, I learnt that
keys success of the sustainable rural development are to set up clear concept on which way
you are going and the key components seem to be agricultural and forest management. In
addition, value added to the agricultural products is only the way to gain highest profit in
agricultural sector. Likewise, building agriculture as the education venue and eco tourism
destination is also a way to sustain rural development.
Cultural Exchange Day
The participants were guided since few days after arrival of IATSS Forum. This was an
excellent activity for promoting the culture of ASEAN countries as well as other
participating countries like Australia, Brazil, China, and Kenya to the Japanese eyes. This
activity was successfully carried out by all hands and heart of the participants. Parts of
culture of each respective participating country were displayed to Japanese people through
a short time performance. This was a great chance in exchanging of culture not only with
Japanese culture but also among the participating country. I, on behalf of Lao participant,
would like to thank for the all participants for their selection of Lamvong (circle dance) to
show on the stage, which it helped to promote a Lao culture to both Japanese and all
participants. Upon the success of this activity, hand in hand cooperation among the
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participants was the key to achieving the targets. Furthermore, patience and practice made
the outcomes great.
Tour Visits
It was an honor to have chance to visit the Suzuka mayor’s office. I not only enjoyed
seeing the aesthetics view of Suzuka city, but I learned on how the city’s administration
works. The clear vision and strategy are key factor on maintain good administration. Aside
from that, strong police taskforce is also a component to keep the city in peace.
The Honda factory ignited my head to confirming that “there is nothing impossible.” In
the field of business, the customer is the king, the customer first. This is what I have to
bring back and apply in my country, where is applicable. The important thing to make the
business success is also self motivation. I thus learned that working without motivation
leads to hell. Before coming to Japan, I had always heard that this country is advanced in
technology, but how? It was questioned to me. Upon visiting the Honda factory, it
confirmed me that “YES”. The company is not only advanced in technology, but also
efficiency. I have learned from this point that “time is really important”. Every second
means money in business. Seeing the moving of Honda’s innovation, I learned that
human’s imagination and creation never ends.
Nara – Kyoto Visits
Before arriving Japan, I had very limited
knowledge on Japan’s history. Upon
visiting the Nara and Kyoto, it deepened
my brain on understanding of the old
historical Japan.
Most of the participants, including me, seemed
much worried about their individual plan days
as about how to reach their destinations and got
transportation. Most of the participants, for the
first day, held the maps for their best consultant
material and asked the passers by for the
direction. But they almost forgot the map for the second day. From this individual trip, I
learnt a lot from the IATSS’s objectives. The individual days taught the participants how to
make good plan, to deal with standing alone, and to give the lesson on leadership by how
to guide own self before guiding others. This trip was not only let me see the interesting
and heritage sites, but it also provided self confident on moving ahead with wider vision.
For instance, people are always bored during working on the plan, but they found out its
usefulness when they brought it into practice.
In addition, it was my great opportunity to have chance visiting historical and world
heritage sites during individual plan days, of which many people wish to come but they
can not. I chose to visit these places under the theme of observation of natural beauty of
Kyoto and world heritage sites. The visited places like Todaiji temple, Ginkakuji Temple,
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Kinkakuji Temple, Kyoto Imperial Palace, etc. are all famous tourist destinations as I had
seen mass of visiting people during my visit. I was very impressed to learn the history of
the old capital of Japan i.e. Nara and Kyoto. I was also amazed that all of the historical
records for the history survived, even though the most of the temples and imperial palace
were burnt many times. It is very important having the historical records for later
generations to learn about their ancestors.
Toyota Commemorative Memorial Museum of Industry and Technology
It amazed me to know that Toyota’s Industry and Technology started from scratch. I have
never thought before that giant automobile manufacturer started in weaving. It is important
to keep in mind that everything has its starting point – simplicity to complexity. The
museum is a good place for the new generation to learn and solve the problems. This place
is really reflected to learn the founder’s vision.
Tokyo Visit
It seems like there was an order to IATSS’s good orientation for visits, as it started from
small simple area (Nara and Kyoto) to bigger complex city (Tokyo). I found Tokyo is a
working city; all of the people are always on their ways to work. Seeing Tokyo is
wonderful, especially I am impressive of traffic control system. Upon visiting the Tokyo
traffic control center, I learnt that how high-technology Japanese is using to solve the
traffic problem, for example, the information collecting system that using the camera and
wave detector. Furthermore, individual plan days provided a good of chances to experience
individual interests. I planned myself visiting, under the theme of appreciation of old and
new invention and experience modern services, the international aquarium, FujiTV
headquarter, maritime museum, Akihabara, etc.
Upon visiting the places, I was impressed on seeing and learning the evolution of human
on invention of marine transport means, as it started from simple to complexity and
modernity, for example the ships that we have these days. Akihabara is the place the
electronic oriented people should not miss. Stocks of electronic appliances are there for
shopping. To visit this area, you should prepare heavy wallets for enjoy electronic
shopping.
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In summary, a good plan is a step toward success. I finally found out that, for individual
plan days, the activities were very important to provide each participant with his/her
experience in term of overcoming difficulties. This activity taught that only good planning
can move people ahead in timely and effectively.
Group Study Theme Lecture – Population Issue
Upon participating the session of
political issue, it made me very
conscious about the world population –
its trend. The experienced and
professional lecturer, Ms. Kiyoko
IKEGAMI, ignited my head to aware of
what we are going to face about
population issue. I have never been
aware before that population is the root
of all problems. It comes to my mind and
I can conclude that all of what we are
going to deal in the future are directly
related to people or population. From this
lesson, I achieved a lot and it generates
great ideas that I must bring into
consideration for future works.
Group Study: Introductory Training
It was my first time to learn the principles of facilitation skills. Even though I was
somehow a facilitator in some sessions before, but I have never learned its principles and
techniques. Upon the sessions, I gained a lot for being a good facilitator. Being facilitator
is not only good in science and subjects, but it is essential to be good in art to make the
facilitation be attractive. However, the facilitator should study before hand if he/she shall
facilitate in any specific topic. Good facilitation creates good atmospheric discussion.
Another key point of being good facilitator is the time management and on time. Practice
makes people confident and become perfect.
Group Study
This was the most challenging task for all participants who needed to work
harmoniously to overcome. As participants come from different circumstance,
background, and experience; it is common that ideas and thought are diversified.
But upon such diversification of ideas, combination and integration of them are the
huge outcomes. It was at the beginning difficult in group work because each
participant individually brought out his/her strength in different ways. However,
after creatively discussion, the group compromised and tried to understand in the
same direction. For example, selection of the topic for discussion was difficult
because each participant interested in different ways – Sakura focused on seahorses,
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David interested in orphans, while Yayuk paid attention to organic farming, and I
proposed on the Non Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). Finally, it came to
consensus agreement to harmoniously working together that we combined organic
farming as the main activity to support the orphans.
This activity did not only give the group to come up with final report, but it taught
us a lot in regarding to harmoniously working and solving the problem together.
Lessons learned from Gasshuku were really applied in this exercise because group
members compromised and provided ideas to obtain the results. I sometimes felt to
argue with the members, but it could be calm down when I recognized the event of
Gasshuku. This is inevitable in the life to make the world better for working in a
team as “two heads better than one”.
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The Flavour of Nihon Life in Sakura Style!
Khoo May Yin
Malaysia
Salam Sejahtera! It’s been a blast from the first day of arrival in Japan
at Nagoya airport. Malaysia was once known as ‘Golden Kersonese’
which means rich in natural resources and I decided to bring items
from “the land below the wind” (Sabah) to “the land of the rising sun”
(Japan). While waiting to pass the immigration boarder, the officer
asked me to show my two index fingers to scan rather than the thumbs
was enough to create a stir of excitement and curiosity in me. I barely
slept in the plane and seeing Jed and Annie holding
the flags waving to welcome us. For the first time I
saw all the participants. Boarding the tall giant bus and feeling the cold
breeze. I sat by the window trying to catch a glimpse of Sakura trees. It
was double joy when I learn more about Suzuka Circuit City where most
of our activities are conducted. Excitedly, collected my room key and
enter room 4515. Seeing the giant Ferris wheel made me feel that I have
made the right decision as I gazed from the window. There’s no turning
back and I’m determined to make this a successful journey and cherish every single minute
of it.
Gasshuku Training led by Ms. Tomoko Seki in Ise City was tremendous fun making it
adrenaline rush for me. I love teambuilding activities. This made it easier to interact with
other participants as the games were played.
Computer installation was one of my favourite games
because I love to build objects placing them together
like LEGO toy attached into one. Tom & Jerry game
was hilarious. The food was familiar for me as I
worked in golden triangle of KL City and eating
Japanese food is part of my consumption as Genki
Sushi outlets are easily available in Kuala Lumpur.
The “Hula Hoops” was the most difficult game for me
trying to get our team to get the hoop down together using only two fingers. Favourite
lunch was “tempura don buri”. We created our motto “Love and Learn together” after 3
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days of hard core training and brainstorming our grey cells together to achieve the birth of
43rd IATSS logo.
During teambuilding our first stay is in Ryokan, a traditional Japanese inn. At this Ryokan,
we slept on futon bedding spread out on the tatami mat made of straw a very hard surface
to sleep. I was shocked to find out that our rooms do not have a shower attached.
Desperately, we are forced to use Onsen a hot spring spa for shower. Further more this is
my first time staying in a Ryokan and making me extremely shy in the beginning. That’s
how we experience Onsen in an effective way due to our scepticism. After trying it, I
started to feel the hang of it and enjoy comparing few Onsen at Suzuka Circuit, Ise and
Mokumoku. The water texture somehow is different and rich in minerals and I still like
Suzuka’s Onsen the best.
Ise-Jingu and Meoto-Iwa.
Successfully, I convinced Akira-san to
drive me to see the rocks thinking that I
was able to do rock climbing. I was
surprised it’s a tiny rock that I can only
view at glance. I waited at the reception
hall patiently at 4.30am just to go see
sunrise and it’s worth watching as I love
to see sunrise in different countries. It’s
a self reward for me as I did the same
thing in Angkor Wat and Redang Island.
We also had the opportunity to visit IseJingu the grand shrine consist of 5,500 hectares of Forests that cover about one quarter of
Ise City.
Opening ceremony marks an important day for all of us as it’s the first chapter of 43rd
IATSS story start to begin with the 18 participants and a brief introduction of each
individual to all the future people we would meet and interact. Many people attended this
event and it was a nervous experience for me to speak in Japanese in front of a Japanese
public audience.
Instantly I have fallen deeply in love with Flower Garden Hotel
as the beauty of ‘Hana’ means flowers surrounding the entire
Suzuka Circuit made me happy. Every morning as I walked
towards the chapel with beautiful smells of Tulips, Azalea,
Roses, Sakura trees and various types of flowers and greeted by
a smiling face of the man welcoming me. This magical beauty
motivated me to wake up everyday at 5 a.m.
Seminars: Political System by Professor Yoshiharu TSUBOI
Never like the word politic but this seminar discussed about “Politics and our lives”
somehow changed my perception as my country require to conduct a country presentation
and by observing other country system, I realise that Professor Tsuboi’s lecture encouraged
us to have critical thinking. His knowledge was impressive he asked questions on the 3
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respective country presentations. He also added on the background of Japanese royal
family. In general, all country claimed that they are democratic parties. I am thankful of
Malaysia is the most blessed on as the voting system is near impossible to be corrupted and
living with 9 kings. As I listened to other presentation by Myanmar and Philippines, I
learned the differences between both countries and Malaysia.
Enterprise Strategies I & II by Mr. Mitsuyoshi HARADA
Nantha and I bought muruku (Malaysian light snacks) and the best
way to understand a product is to test. Plenty of packets for everyone
to smell, feel, eat and taste is ensured. My first impression of Haradasan at a glace was someone strict and as the seminar started, I realised
he was observing every single one of us and seemed to be sharpminded. Before the seminars conducted, I cycled to the nearby family
mart and visited the competitor convenience stores and observed the
environment. I was impressed by the strategies of Family Mart on the
strategic location planning to overcome rivals. The information given
was crystal clear with the visualisation. I liked the way Harada-san’s explanation on the
layout and quiz given to make us understand how Family Mart Franchising system works
and networks. My group won the games played and it was amazing how much we learned
from the quiz given. Harada-san did not speak English but understand our questions quite
well with his sidekick cum translator Ms Tomoko Yoneya. I applied for the FM card to use
it, too feel as a customer’s perspective. Harada-san showed how important customer
perspective is to the company. A visit Sunshine City 60 was amazing at Ikeburo, Tokyo
city and doing a small case study. After the session I learn the name Izakaya means the
purpose is to spend your time with friends talking and drinking while you sample a variety
of different dishes until you are content in Japanese restaurants.
Diplomatic Policy by Professor Satoshi MORIMOTO
I was a bit amazed by the Professor
Morimoto’s ability to conduct the seminar
with minimal break time. He is a well
known professor in Japan and I did some
background research and realized his
amazing work had begun long before I was
born. He was specialised in National
security and the experiences he owns is
rarely obtained by normal people. He
explained about the differences on national
interest and the society.
International Cooperation by Professor Tsutomu MIZOTA
I enjoyed beautiful Arashiyama view during the conduct of the seminar held in Kyoto
Ranzen Resort. Professor Mizota the man that interviewed me back in Malaysia and a
highly respected man. I took the opportunity to ask him more about social aspects before
we end the session. A short video was shown to give highlights and he provided us
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generous reading materials to digest. The seminar focused on Official Development
Assistance’s current status and future prospects.
Japanese Culture Budo: The Martial Ways of Japan by Dr. Alexander BENNETTE
This was an unforgettable moment and excitement stirs again in me as I have strong
passion for Aikido and Ninjutsu. The intensive training taught by Dr. Bennette a New
Zealander. For the combat was fun and enjoyable filled with laughter shouting the 3 basic
instructions of strikes named Men, Kote and Dou. Zanshin is an important element in this
training that must not be neglected. I was amazed that he has the 6th Dan. During his
lecture, he showed us a few wooden swords and very articulate about the historical factors
of martial arts of bushido and patiently explained to us the concept of Kendo.
One Village One Product Movement by Professor Fumihiko ADACHI
I wore traditional attire a Baba Nyonya costume. The product promoted by Malaysian is
home stay. I had difficulty in relating an OVOP product representing Malaysia as there is
too many products promoted by our government. I was glad that home stay programme
was easier to relate as each of us has experienced a Japanese home stay. Prof. Adachi
showed us the importance of OVOP signature to ensure that there’s sustainability in it and
understanding of Oita prefecture and Japan’s history of OVOP. This seminar helps to make
a better understanding of our own countries.
Education by Associate Professor Shoko YAMADA
The presentation was made lively by Singaporean participants. The education system of
Singapore is similar to Malaysian context and it is easier to relate it. Professor Yamada
commented and showed us the history of Japan’s education system and old photos of how
the lunch system started and how it evolved thorough out the years before and after world
war gave us more understanding of the system implemented.
Regional Development for Industrial Promotion by Mr.Yoshio NAGAMINE
This made me realise about the natural disaster could also possibly cause issue to
development. Mr. Nagamine elaborated with the lectures of JBIC structures. He had a
faded characteristics and a rather fair-weathered discussion. But the brochures and content
was more for social works and Kenyan investments. Country presentation by Singapore
was impressive despite being lack of natural resources they could succeed in international
trading and transportation.
Environment and Sustainable Asia by Professor Kazuo MATSUSHITA
The illegal logging is a common issue which also affected Malaysia. It was amazing to
know that Indonesia faced the worst natural disaster and currently known as “Lumpur
Lapindo” and Philippines shared their waste dump situations and Vietnam has highlights
on their country.
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Sustainable Regional Development by Professor Shigeru FUKUSHIMA
The seminar was conducted in Moku-moku Farm and it was interesting to learn about
current situation of rural areas in Japan. The field study with Prof. Fukushima was very
lively as we were given hands-on farm experience and understanding the theme of “the
slow life” by president of Moku-moku farm Mr. Kimura. He encourages the children to
know appreciate the food source and experimental
learning in the farm. Iga-no-Sato Moku-moku farm. The
environment of the farm is sufficient to rejuvenate me
like solar energy. The beauty was more than words
could describe. The dome like named Okaeri cottage
was extremely pleasant for recuperation as it emphases
on slow life pace. Absorb a lot of knowledge trying to
learn how the concept idea can be implemented back in
my country. When I get back home, I’ll definitely
transmit implicit ideas to my fellow entrepreneur mates. Health benefits were tremendous
and the food served is healthy and living in a self-contained industry.
Group Study : Theme Lecture I & II by Ms. Kiyoko IKEGAMI
Millennium Development Goals were an eye opener for me especially when Ms. Ikegami
explained. Ms. Ikegami has numerous years of experience in UNPF. I learned a lot by
looking at the short video on women’s rights and it really made me think about the gender
issues of the world in a global perspective. Looking at the concern statistics made me fear
and aware about the near future society of the growing of aging society among developed
countries. We were given an opportunity to have role play to act as agencies for UNFPA,
ministry of Health, NGOs and Chairman. We benefited by trying out the roles and to
understand the different perspective of each individual task.
Facilitation Skills I & II by Ms.Keiko TSUBAKI
Facilitation skill was a new element for me to absorb, to understand and to utilize such
skill in a broader horizon. I never fully understood the meaning facilitation until Ms.
Tsubaki elaborated and when I practiced, I realised the importance and meaning of it. I
liked her lessons as she gave us short breaks and each participant was given opportunity to
practice facilitation skills and knowledge sharing. We were rewarded with delicious food
bought from Tokyo. The interesting scientific NASA games helped to make us aware that
despite being vulnerable and staying in unfamiliar territory we must make quick decision
as a team. This skill requires continuous practice to smoothen the flow. “post –it-notes”
and the LEGO game was still constantly in my mind as my group we unable to accomplish
the mission during one of the activities conducted during her session.
Group Studies
Smooth B is the name of my group B, the name was
born spontaneously and most of the time we
completed the task smoothly. My team members
consist of Yayuk, Leslie, David, Tai, Thong and each
were fully equipped with various professional
backgrounds and dynamic personalities. We started of
a bit edgy making decision on topics we should focus
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and at the end we decided to cast votes as each of us had different leadership spirits. We
chose the country Cambodia which one of our team member has close contact and we
unanimously agreed to focus on grass root levels rather than top down approach. The
process of the progress went smoothly as neither one of us dominate the group discussion
and each was given a chance to play facilitator roles to ensure that our main objective of
the day was achieved as we spent a lot of time on research materials. We had series of
serious discussion focus on the concept of orphans grow organic but we also took time to
joke around and have short breaks. I thank our team members for making our group studies
fun and enjoyable learning process. We believe that we’ll make a good progress on our
report and most importantly we enjoyed the process.
Study Tour
Suzuka City Hall
I felt like an ambassador for the first time entering the new
building and it’s amazing how similar the building and
office design it looked like IMC building back in Kuala
Lumpur the smart building. I collected some articles and
read about earthquake and tried to understand Japan. The
Mayor was calm and strict as the questions posed by my
fellow participants. I realised that Japan has its’ own issues
of aging society despite being an advance country. The
picture shown here is a famous statue of Koudayu Daikokuya by Katsuji Inagaki known as
the man who introduced Russia to Japan for the first time.
Suzuka Police Station
I got to know more about the thumb prints and police task force. I
was disappointed that there wasn’t enough time for me to have an
entire tour around the police station as I was curious where do the
juveniles were held temporary locked up. Car thefts are common
in the society. Brazilian and Peruvians were allowed to work in
Japan due to shortage of labour market.
thf
Honda Suzuka Factory
S2000 model captivated me the moment I entered the vicinity. We were given a lifetime
opportunity to observe and learn how the Honda models were being assembled and asked
questions to the direct specialist behind the master making of the models. My childhood
question was eventually answered its Honda S2000 model which being used for the movie
Transformer. Honda Dreams inspired me to make my future dreams a reality. I was very
excited seeing the assembly line of car parts and we
had a series of power point presentations by several
staff of Honda on Quality Control development and
understanding the Honda’s target market. The
assistance of high tech machines to assist the
workers inside the factory and the timing of each
car released was impressive.
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Suzuka Traffic Education Centre (STEC)
The manga comic Initial D influenced me a lot into liking sports cars and having the
opportunity to test the beautiful H. Stream was superb experience. It was something new
for me when I realised there’s not hand break in Japanese cars. I felt so uneasy unable to
grip any handbrakes. This was one of my
favourite event too as I love sports car and
crazy about Japan anime manga Initial D
drivers. I got to drive a Honda Stream car and
to test the safety security system. GPRS and
culture shock to find out those cars in Japan do
not use hand brake. My left hand felt uneasy as
there are not hand brakes to grip. I was curious
and if I could ask the implementers of this
design I will definitely question their reason as
it is not safe.
Visit to Nara, a world heritage site
My quest to shop for a decent Yukata (Japanese attire made of cotton) begun at Nara when
I set foot on a Kimono shop nearby the Nara Station. The little shops were displayed by
many interesting items. The deer park reminds me of Malaysia where restaurants prepare
delicious black pepper deer meat. We had fun experiencing the Japanese food the
buckwheat noodles known as soba served cold on a bamboo mat (zaru) with hot miso soup
and tempura with our shoes taken off to sit on the tatami mat.
Kyoto- the famous ancient capital city - Kyoto Gosho -Shijou Kyomachiya
Everything in Kyoto was square and it was easy to navigate for sightseers such as myself.
The easy way I did was follow the crowd from the bus station
(labelled with bus way chart timetable) and safe arrival to a tourist
spot is assured. I visited Gion Corner at night accompanied by Akirasan & Orie-san to catch a glimpse of maiko in a theatre. Memoirs of
a geisha gave me a strong influence to seek more knowledge about
the art of geishas and hoping to catch the Geiko and Maiko dancers
will give me first hand knowledge of the beauty of the art as they
believe that everything has to be a masterpiece. I was told that Geisha
comes from private schools and prohibits tourist to enter. The first
venue I entered was Nijojo Castle and the interior architecture really
amazed me with the squeaky floor sound. Arrival at the Golden
Pavilion Rokuon-ji temple, someone tap my shoulder and I saw familiar faces it’s Tung
and Meng. The harmony of Ginkakuji temple with its beautiful garden 50 meter long
hedges made of stones, bamboos and camellias at the main entrance of the courtyard was
magnifying as I exit where the Zen Higashiyama culture
displayed, Thong enter the place. Kiyomizudera was great
view and many souviner shops and I bought an obi sash. This
is the grandest most developed adjacent area of shops. After
covering the spot ready to leave I met Nantha walking upwards.
I bought a zoori (slippers) and tabi (socks) within 10 minutes
entering Kyoto handicraft centre because the shop is closing. I
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was amazed by the excellent service and beautiful model like promoters in Takashimaya
and many okonomiyaki shops and dessert shops at Pontocho streets. I had a chance to cook
my own okonomiyaki with the help of Orie-san. It’s amazing how I managed to cover 90%
of the lists of places I wanted to visit in my individual day plan. I met Shunto a Tokyo
university student in a bus and walked with me to my next destination. The travel journey
was smooth sailing and I took the opportunity to wear Yukata to Fushimi Inari Shrine. It
took me some time to wear obi myself following the steps via internet. I understood why
some people looking at me as rarely people would wear Yukata during spring. It’s always
kimono for spring but many noticed immediately that I’m a tourist. At the end of the Kyoto
trip, I successfully completed my piece of Yukata light cotton kimono and accessories.
Toyota Commemorative Museum of Industry and Technology
We travelled to Aichi prefecture. We learned about Mr. Sakichi Toyoda’s history and his
extended contribution to invention of automatic looms to the development of automotive
industry. I liked the giant weaving machine placed in the centre and took many shots of it,
I mingled with the third year students. The university students were warm and friendly and
I learned about a place called Osu and we visited a few places in Nagoya city (Oasis 21,
Midland Square and Osu Kannon Temple) and tried Nagoya famous noodle. I enjoyed the
interaction with our sub groups with Yuki, Mayu, Etsuko, Maiko and Mei. We travelled
through the commercial Osu district, as many did their best to shorten the language barrier
with their portable electronic dictionary.
Cultural Exchange Day
The most anticipated day of the time and a lucky chance to
appear on NHK news. I was given the opportunity to change
3 types of traditional attire. First was the blue Punjabi attire
to match Nantha, followed by the yellow Vietnam attire for
the role play and dancing waltz in the mix modernized baba
nyonya attire of Chinese-Malay culture during Philippine
wedding scene. Malaysia successfully auctioned all the
products namely the wooden hanger with the pua cloth, the
tudung saji and rebana ubi drum for a minimal price. I wish
to thank Nantha, my country partner for being supportive,
patience and understanding to ensure there’s a smooth flow
on CED. Learning the Lambong dance by Net was amusing
at first and gradually we mastered the steps in time for the
actual day and entertaining the guests. We have successfully
managed the event in a fruitful way.
Honda Head Quarters
Learning to use the underground subway in Tokyo to visit
Honda Head quaters was a complicated experience. I am
happy to see ASIMO and take pictures with it. The display
of car models were shown here. We also got the opportunity
to watch how ASIMO was born. Our semi-final group study
presentation was held at the 162 floor and we get to see the
panoramic view of Tokyo City.
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Tokyo Drift
I had never seen so many humans drifting in the Central Subway Station and my first
experience riding on a Shinkansen and arrival of Shiodome Fontaine Hotel was almost a
replica of Berjaya Times Square. My mission and objective in Tokyo
is to observe Nihon youth, Japanese fashion and most importantly junk
food. Travelling to Hakone using the sightseeing train was fantastic
and at Owakudani with strong sulphur smells visiting Mt. Kamiyama
and a ship ride at Lake Ashi trying to catch a glimpse of Mount Fuji. I
had a good time with Tokyo IATSS staff at Gonpachi a restaurant near
Ginza district over the dinner and obtain advice from them to visit
interesting places. I found out the reason of train delayed and the
caused of the accident was due to suicide which delayed my mobility
to Ginza district.
I was lucky to have a brilliant guide Akihito Ido a Tokyo
University student majoring in globalisation for one day.
I’ve successfully covered almost every famous tourist spot
in Tokyo thanks to him. I had the opportunity to take
pictures of maid-kissa one of Akihabara’s famous “maid
cafes” and seeing different aspects of urban society of
Japan pop culture and anime technology. Tsukiji Market
amazed me as we carefully see how they sliced tuna and
packed the seafood ready for shipping or transported to
restaurants. It’s a dangerous place to go where everyone
and vehicle are busily packing and loading the goods to the next destination. Exchanging
opinions with Aki-kun made me realised that most Japanese youths has never enter a wet
market in their entire life which I find it very unusual as back in Malaysia, we get our daily
fresh food from such wet markets.
Odaiba has fantastic view using the Yurikamome line
which is up like monorail taking photos at Rainbow
Bridge and walking around. We entered Miraikan, the
emerging science museum and observing the high
technology and played with the auto robot dog which
has artificial intelligence. Having a popular local dish
called ‘negitoro don’ it’s raw tuna serve with rice and
miso soup as lunch in Asakusa before entering
Kannon-ji temple was excellent. Youth fashion was
freely expressed at Shibuya. Night scene up at Tokyo Tower was amazing and the rain did
not stop us from enjoying every single minute of it.
Tokyo Traffic Control Centre by Traffic bureau Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department
(TMPD)
We were guided to the traffic control centre of the TMPD and the
structure and function of the Traffic Control Center was explained
by video. There are so many traffic datas gathered in 24 hours
everyday inside such advanced facilities. We got to see the operation
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system. All of the traffic data gathered here from Tokyo areas are processed and displayed
on the bulletin boards to control traffic flow in Tokyo. Processing traffic information in
this centre only gather traffic data and exchange of traffic information with other
prefectures. On the left is PEOPO the mascot. After that we walked to Shiba park and I
took the opportunity to visit Tokyo Tower.
Waseda University at Tokyo City
Upon arrival we met Prof. Tsuboi and his students at the same time we had a short tour
around the campus. Exchanging ideas, getting feedbacks, opinions and the conversation
continued with dinner experiencing a yakiniku restaurant.
Exchange Activities
Japanese Cultural Introduction Day
The Japanese volunteers were well prepared make a warm
welcome to us. We learned Japanese manners and the art of
cha-do the tea making ceremony amazed me with the precision
of their movement and placing the bowl in the clock wise
movement and coordination. I had fun eating sushi, sashimi,
okonomiyaki (Japanese pizzas) and fanning the rice to cool it
down. I can live with Nihon food for 365days and never get
bored with this. Tanaka-san on the left demonstrated the giant
drums beaten like the sound of the ocean. Tom Tanaka showed me about Ninja and he was
a living ninja himself.
Home Stay with Fujiwara couple.
I was greeted with warm welcome from Fujiwara couple and they
have a lovely fusion house made of cedar and cypress wood in Ise
City. The house is 8 years old yet amazingly the interior looked
brand new. Michiko was kind enough to give me extra futon to
keep me comfortable during my sleepover. Kazu-san’s passion of
explaining his life interest and about his house amazed me. He is a
building designer by profession and Michiko a sole proprietor
explains the details their house was planned and the beauty of the
wood is displayed in their lovely home. The layout of the design is
made perfectly to ensure that the cardboard of the roof could
absorb the heat and a little chimney to burn coals to keep them
warm during winter. They have a lovely piano for me to
fiddle my fingers into the keyboards. I was amazed that most
Japanese house has a dishwasher. Kanako-san a lovely lady
that dressed me up in Sakura motives Kimono and a visit by
friends. Michiko invited her friend Wakabayashi Shimpei to
have a dinner with us. I spent the entire dinner session with
them asking for more information about Malaysia. I had an
opportunity to wake up early to jog with Kazu-san and visit
the rice field in the surrounding neighbourhood of the Ise
town and there is a big port. Michiko taught me how to make
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Japanese omelette and the simple meals was sufficient allowing me to feel the flavour of
ordinary Japanese life.
I was also taken to Okage-Yokocho to meet his old friend of the school is the space where
the heart of the purely Japanese building is settled down. There is tokonoma, a garden and
an irori to spend with relaxation which showed me the old kitchen and explanation. I get to
visit the Miyagawa watershed area. Akafuku dessert a traditional house of Ise’s specialty
with rice ball covered with red bean paste was delicious and ise udon was yummy. I truly
felt the simplistic life of a Japanese commoner in Ise City during my short stay.
Self-Development Activity
Kajiwara-san was kind enough to drop me at Shiroko station
to catch my train ride to Ise-shi and elaborate on his history
of career. It was nice to observe the view by the window and
see how square and systematic the life of Japanese in Mie
Prefecture. I went to a festival in Yokohama rubber factory
and got a chance to ride on a truck that design a man-made
earth quake up to level 7 and gnawed on how amazing
Japanese technology progressed. Then I tried the local street
foods and drink coffee. We then head to the next festival in Tsu- city of Bolivia festival
day. The second day, Furuichi-san and Tanaka-san was kind
enough to take us to Seki town. And we went to Suzuka
Mountain range but not enough time to visit the Matsusaka.
Suzuka Mountain range was breathtaking as nature is my
favourite elements. We did simple jungle trekking at Ogisu
and relax at “Byobu Gorge” as the place was surrounded by
greenery and ice cold clean streams. We had the opportunity to
visit Tanaka-san’s house before we depart back to IATSS
Forum. A visit to Ninja Museum of Igaryu thanks to Tom Tanaka and Furuichi-san. I was
amazed by the revolving walls, trick doors, under passage and most interesting corner for
me is the shoes. We also visited Tsubaki Okami Yashiro (Sarudahiko central shrine).
During short breaks, I took time to visit the surroundings and learning about
commemoration of IATSS Forum first begun at 17th Sept 1985 by Mr.Sochiro Honda and
Mr.Takeo Fujisawa. Despite being 23 years yet the planted trees looked young and not
giant like. I begin to reflect every activities and interaction with everybody makes me
realised that every single person I have seen, met and experiences shared has influence me
both mentally and emotionally. I learn about personal development and sharing thoughts
for decision makings help to be more matured thinking. Reminding each other to take turns
to raise the flag poles, going sightseeing shopping together and helping each other makes
me feel like we are one in a big family and this makes it special in my heart. I will
remember each face, unusual characteristics with different background and different
response to my bold actions makes everything colourful and meaningful memories to keep.
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Motopia the Mobility Land brings back the child in me.
I love the games in the fun fair and junk food sold in this
theme park. Every morning, the sound of the racing car
made me imagine the speed in seconds of the car and the
driver’s accuracy of driving captured the moment. I wish
I could race on the actual racing track. We also took an
opportunity to cycle to the Chiyozaki beach located at
northernmost of the MIE prefecture in the Ise Bay close
to Shiroko Station which took us more than 45 minutes
to find by using our bicycle. I feel very lucky to have the opportunity to ride on the bicycle
and attending the bicycle safety training proved to be extremely useful. I regret we did not
have the session at the beginning but later after our seminars started. I realised that I have
been recklessly riding dangerously on the road but the training help me to understand that
safety is always top priority.
On the last day June 1st, I was extremely lucky to visit Aoyama-cho thanks to Furuichi-san
and at the perfect timing because coincidently while taking pictures of the windmills, I saw
three fire fighter airplanes called T-5 (UH-60J) under
the Ozuki Air Training Group. We asked the people
around and they inform us that there is demonstration
of Japan Self Defence Forces (JSDF MIE) on their
skills circling the windmills area and the
performance was fantastic. We also saw the COBRA
helicopter was built using Kawasaki engine and a
captain to explain about missiles and machine guns
used in COBRA. With the speed power of 315 km/h
and the ability of continue flying in 516km distance.
A captain in Japanese rank Nato Code 5ATH and in
Japanese 1 等海佐 (Ittou Kaisa) was kind to take a photo with me and explained about the
Ground Marinetime Air exhibition organized by JSDF MIE help to provide me a
condensed information about JSDF roles.
Second event was having delicious juicy beef for my last lunch in MIE prefecture at the
Matsusaka town known as the House of Superior Beef. This session was continued by
having a final tea at the coffee house nearby Suzuka Circuit with Tom Tanaka-san and
Furuichi-san with sharing conversation of what we saw at the exhibition.
Many thanks to all the kind Japanese
volunteers who helped to set up a barbecue
party for us at Suzuka Hall named
Seishounen no Mori. I enjoyed very much
the food, the people, the environment and
most importantly the unforgettable moment
of wearing purple dragonfly yukata and
furisode kimono worth a million yen. This
was specially prepared by Kimono
Professor Ms. Sugimoto, Ms. Tomita, Ms.
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Suzuki and Ms. Saito which handmade flowers for us the ladies. It as an indescribable
happy feeling more than words could express.
I would like to express my gratitude to all experts of active
contributors in various fields, with the respective embassies,
the Japanese Government, Suzuka City, volunteer groups,
partner companies, all the hardworking staff of IATSS
including both Hirata-san our lovely chefs who made
delicious 2 meals everyday to accommodate our colourful
participants and personal thank you to Mr. Akira Haga, Mr.
Tomoo Oba, Mr. Mikio Kogenai, Ms. Masumi Saka, Ms. Miwa, Ms. Chie, Ms. Kanako
and every single IATSS Forum members who made our stay as smoothly as possible.
Without your support and help, living in Japan expressing valuable lessons learnt toward
this event and wonderful journey was just a dream. I believe there is no farewell in our
journey but marks a new chapter of our continous life outside IATSS FORUM. I hope to
meet you all again someday as time here is limited to 55days…
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My Precious Diary
Nantha Kumar Subramaniam
Malaysia
Introduction/ Arriving to Japan
This was my second visit to Japan. My first visit was in 2004 for technical training. Since
then, I developed a strong affection towards JAPAN especially on their courtesy, culture
and scientific advancement. That’s why I was very much excited and looking forward for
my second visit to Japan to attend the 43rd IATSS Forum.
The plane that I boarded landed at Nagoya Airport at
8.15 am. The flight was good and they had a decent
entertainment system for everyone on it. This allowed
us to do something other than read, sleep, and eat on
the flight. At the airport, we were greeted by Tomosan and Akira-san. After all the participants arrived,
we boarded a bus to go to Suzuka. My first impression
of Nagoya was definitely good: big buildings with
advertisements from technology brands, like Hitachi
or Panasonic, impressive elevated highways, wide avenues, workers in suit everywhere. As
we were approaching Suzuka, I could see more “green plants” and of course the cherry
blossom and I really enjoyed the scenery. It took about one hour to reach Suzuka where
IATSS Forum is located. Upon reaching the IATSS Forum, we were greeted by the IATSS
Forum staff who were very much helpful in taking care us.
Gasshuku
Gasshuku was a kind of training on team building. The term 'team building' can refer
generally to the selection and motivation of result oriented teams, or more specifically to
group self-assessment. Through gasshuku, the participants (including myself) learned how
to create mutual understanding and respect each other. Gasshuku played an important role
in bringing all the participants who have different background and culture together.
Gasshuku was conducted by Tomo-san, a dedicated trainer who had tried her best to impart
as much as knowledge she could on team building. Personally, I could observe the effects
before and after the gasshuku. Before the gasshuku, all the participants tend to mingle with
their own country mate and no initiative was taken to get to know the participants from
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other countries. Opposite situation could be observed
after the gasshuku - all the participants were very
comfortable to mix around with participants from other
countries. A sense of mutual understanding and respect
were clearly visible after the gasshuku. In addition, the
friendship among us became stronger and stronger and
we felt that we are from the same country. The way we
came up with the logo and motto for the 43rd IATSS
Forum was good evident to support my observation.
Japanese Cultural Introduction Day
This was one of the most memorable events for me. I really wanted to know and learn
about the Japanese culture in depth and this event has made my dream into a reality. I was
very much impressed with the Japanese tea ceremony,
drum beating and calligraphy. The drama played by
the volunteers was an eye opener for me to learn how
to behave in a Japanese home. This was very much
helpful for my home stay. The volunteers were very
much motivated to introduce Japanese culture to all of
us. Many activities had been arranged on this day. I
tried to write some calligraphy and it came out well –
even the instructor praised me for the excellent job.
Later in the evening, we had sushi. Actually, to tell
the truth, I didn’t have any experience eating raw fish. Initially, I was quite hesitated to eat
sushi which has raw fish. Other participants asked me to try it. I tried one and I went for
another one – It was so delicious!
Cultural Exchange Day (CED)
Cultural Exchange Day was the event that we all were looking forward eagerly. It was our
event in which we presented our unique cultural and custom background to the Japanese
audience. Two main “shows” in CED were wedding presentation and country booth. For
the wedding presentation, I and Sakura-san were the coordinators. It was a good
experience for me. As a coordinator, I managed to learn how to coordinate and executing
an event. Thanks to a good cooperation from other participants, I faced no challenges in
performing my coordinator role. Basically, the wedding presentation was divided into five
scenes – each scene were highlighted different aspects that take place in a wedding process.
Each scene also was performed by different countries to highlight the uniqueness of
wedding processes in their countries. Certain scenes were played by multiple participants
from different countries as certain elements in wedding process overlap among few
countries. I played my role in scene 1 that was wedding proposal that had highlight
Malaysia Indian custom.
For the country booth, I and my country mate, Sakurasan decorated the booth with colorful backdrops to
attract the visitors. We also showcased some of the
traditional products that are considered unique in
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Malaysia. Brochures about Malaysia and sweets were also distributed to the visitors of the
booth. Since the theme of the country booth was wedding, we also had prepared a video
presentation about a wedding ritual conducted in Malaysia. We managed to attract many
visitors to our booth and the visitors were impressed about our country. I was truly
satisfied and enjoyed in taking part in the CED as it was a big success. It showed how a
good team cooperation and commitment could produce a wonderful outcome.
Theme Lecture: Population
After gasshuku, opening ceremony and Japanese cultural introduction day, we had our first
theme lecture on population issues. This lecture was very important for us as its give us the
foundation and understanding about the steps that we need to do for our group study. The
lecturer, Ms. Kiyoko Ikegami, director of UNFPA managed to give us more insights about
population issues especially how it related to Millennium Development Goal. I learned all
the issues surrounding the population growth of a country such as health care, education,
immigration, etc. The activities and group study conducted in the evening have managed to
reinforce our understanding about population issues and we are prepared and confident to
come up with a group proposal on population during our group study.
Introductory Training: Facilitation Skills
After the population theme Lecture, we had lecture on facilitation skills which was covered
in two separate days. The lecturer for this session was Ms. Tsubaki. Her seminar was very
much helpful for our group study. Basically, her lecture taught us how to become a good
facilitator and the dos and don’ts that need to be adhered when facilitating a team or group.
Topics covered in this seminar are role of the facilitator, preparation and planning agendas,
ground rules and staying on track. In this seminar I learned that a facilitator is an individual
who's job is to help to manage a process of information exchange. In short, the facilitator's
responsibility is to address the journey, rather than the destination.
Ms. Tsubaki complemented the theoretical concept with a
stimulation activity on group facilitation in which we
gained more understanding of how to become a good
facilitator. After the seminar, I felt more confident to
facilitate a group discussion. Thanks to Ms. Tsubaki.
Seminar 1: Political System
Our very first seminar was Political System & Our Lives
delivered by Prof. Yoshiharu Tsuboi, from Waseda University. I was very much interested
in the topic as I always abreast of the political system and its development in ASEAN
countries. The seminar started with the introduction of the lecturer followed by the country
presentations. Before starting the country presentations, the lecturer shared his feelings
about the changes in the political landscape that is currently taking place in ASEAN
countries. He believes ASEAN is heading towards in the right direction in the context of
the political and election systems toward a democratic society. Notwithstanding, when
talking about political systems, in my opinion, one should understand the exact meaning of
“political system” before one goes on further to understand the political climate in the
ASEAN region. A political system is a system of politics and government. It is usually
compared to the legal system, economic system, cultural system, and other social systems.
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Politics is a sensitive issue for certain people. Thus, during the seminar, the participants
tried their best to take part in a more constructive discussion with free a flow of ideas
rather than confronting or criticizing one another.
In the evening, the lecturer has give presentation about the topic. In particular he has
focused on Japanese’s Imperial Family and Japanese political system. Like Malaysia, the
emperor is the head of the country and the symbol of unity and pride among the people.
The current emperor is Akihito. The emperor family is having problem for the succession
plan as the Crown Prince (Prince Naruhito) does not have a son. The Japanese people and
the emperor family are in hope that a male heir will born for Crown Prince to ensure
smooth transition of the succession plan.
The instructor also has stressed that the role of
emperor in Japan is largely ceremonial. He also act as
a political stabilizer in the country if the government
is weak due to lack of majority in the parliament. The
executive power in Japan is hold by the Prime
Minister who presided the cabinet meeting. The Prime
Minister of Japan has more power in running the
country. It seems that the political system in Japan is
not much different compared to ASEAN countries.
Seminar 2: Enterprise Strategy I
Basically, this seminar is about retailing business and franchise’s
system and was presented by Mr.Harada from Family Mart. The
lecturer had explained on business model employed by Family
Mart and Famima in running their business. Family mart is the
largest convenience store in Japan with a capital of 16658 millions
of yen with outlets in USA, Thailand and China. Personally, I can
sense that family Mart could be largest in Japan as I can see
Family Mart outlets everywhere I go in Japan. I have experience
purchasing items in a convenience store in my country but I do not
have much knowledge of their operations. But now, after listening
to Mr. Harada’s lecture, I know how they operate and function. I would say that operating
a convenience store is not easy and many considerations should taken care before opening
an outlet. After opening an outlet, issues such as goods distribution, quality and customer
service should be given the utmost attention in order to optimize the profit.
Seminar 3 : Diplomatic Policy
I’m felt very fortunate to have Prof S.Morimoto as the lecturer for this seminar. I was told
that Prof S.Morimoto is well known figure in Japan and always appear in talk show on the
television. Prof S.Morimoto managed to give us a complete overview on the latest political
development taking place in the world. In particular, he has focused on the United States
(especially on the coming presidential election and how the outcome of this election is
going to effect the world), European Union, China, Russia, Asia (including Japan). I also
learned about the Japan’s position in this ever changing world. Specific issues that were
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touched by Prof S.Morimoto were the problem in Afghanistan, Iraq and North Korea’s
nuclear programme. Prof S.Morimoto lecture was comprehensive and it managed to
broaden my prospective on world’s political issues and confrontations.
Seminar 4 : International Cooperation
Seminar 4 was conducted by Prof T.Mizota in Kyoto. Basically, this seminar is about how
Japan is extending its assistance to other developing countries under Office of Official
Development Assistance (ODA). I realized that
International Cooperation is closely related with
Diplomatic Policy. Japan has undertaken a
major restructuring of its foreign assistance
program to needy countries around the world.
Currently, the various components of ODA such
as grant aid, yen loans, and technical
cooperation are administered by different
implementing bodies including the Japan
International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The
Japanese government has spent millions of yen in developing many countries such as
Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam. The group discussion in the evening has helped
us of how to prepare a proposal to obtain funding from other countries that have assistance
program such as Japan.
Seminar 5: Japanese Culture – Budo
I have some exposure (theoretically) to many martial arts
such as Karate, Taekwondo, Malay martial arts, Indian
martial arts and Kung Fu. These martial arts put
emphasize on the techniques and strategies of fighting and
glory and not more than that! They train you to become
aggressive and physically powerful. But the Seminar 5 on
Kendo was really an eye opener for me. I was really
fascinated on Kendo which was demonstrated by Dr
A.Bennette` during the Seminar 5. All the while I only
know that martial arts is just a martial arts and they are use
for self defense – not beyond that! I did not know that
there exist a martial art that give so much importance to religion and spiritual strength until
I attended the Seminar 5. The martial art that I’m referring is Kendo that originated in
Japan. I realized that Kendo is a highly disciplined and physical sport, in which the two
combatants (kendokas) use bamboo swords (shinai) representing Japanese two-hand
swords. It is a pure fencing sport and there are no kicks, fist punches or jumps involved. I
enjoyed the mock tournament which was conducted in the evening. It was really fun
especially after going through some intense practical on Kendo earlier in the day.
Seminar 6: OVOP (One Village One Product)
A well balanced development between rural and urban areas is needed in order to have a
balance kind of development in a country. Developing urban areas is not difficult due to
the infrastructure facilities that are readily available and the commitment from the
government. Then, how a rural area (which lacking the infrastructures) could be developed
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especially to get rid of the poverty? The answer is by having a OVOP project in each
village. I don’t have much knowledge about OVOP before this but now I gain good
knowledge about OVOP. Thanks to Prof Adachi who managed to tell us the concept of
OVOP. OVOP's concept is to develop one or two product/service which reflects the
identity of a village and uniqueness of its product of the income of local community. It is
interesting to note that ASEAN countries such as Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and
Cambodia have active OVOP projects emulating OVOP project in Oita Prefecture, Japan.
Seminar 7 : Education
The seminar on Education by Prof Yamada
has gave us an overview about Japanese
Education system. Before the World War
Two, Japan had a complicated education
system. Fortunately, after the war, the allied
forces managed to transform the Japanese
education system to a more efficient one
which managed to sustain its economy. The
15 minutes video presentation on Japanese
education was very informative. The video
presentation managed to cover the educational development from early 1960s to 1990s.
According to the lecturer, the Japanese education system is well developed. The well
developed education system in Japan has created problem for Japan especially on the
flexibility that it has to absorb western countries’ technological advancement. She believe
that Japan’s education system need some fine tuning to address the latest development that
taking place in the world currently.
Seminar 8: Development & Industrial Promotion
This seminar was conducted by Mr.Matsushita. Before the presentation, three countries
namely Indonesia, Laos and Singapore have presented their country overview on
development and industrial promotion. I can conclude from the country presentations that
ASEAN countries have different approaches and mechanisms in order to promote and
develop their industry. “Developed” country such as Singapore has an aggressive policy
for development and industrial promotion. Up coming countries such as Indonesia and
Laos have a balanced approach in order to develop and promote their industry. The
instructor had used the Industrial Master Plan for Kenya (which was prepared by himself
as the consultant for the project) to show us of how a development and industrial
promotion plan could be developed. The instructor has stressed that this plan is universal
and could be used in other countries with little modification.
Seminar 9: Environmental and Sustainable Asia
This seminar has focused on environmental issues in
Asia especially on three main areas – traffic problems,
waste in urban areas and development of farming and
mountain village. The lecturer has stressed that
environment policy in any countries should address
five main challenges namely the need for
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environmental interventions to reduce poverty, the need to mainstream environmental
considerations into economic growth and development planning, the need to maintain
regional and global life support systems, the need to work in partnership with others and
the need to further strengthen the processes and procedures for addressing environmental
concerns in Asia. The 15-minutes video presentation of how Japanese tackle
environmental problems was very impressive. One conclusion that I can make after
watching the presentation is that “individual can make a difference in protecting the
environment”. Sustainable Asia should strive to achieve the balance among
economy/development, environment and society in order to protect its environment and
people and at the same time generate wealth for the country.
Seminar 10: Sustainable Regional Development
This seminar was conducted at Moku-Moku Farm. In the morning, we had lecture
presented by Dr Fukushima and followed by overview about Moku-Moku Farm by the
President. In the evening, we had field trip around the farm. The field trip has helped me to
learn more about regional development planning taking place in Japan. Before the seminar,
I actually confuse with the term "sustainable regional development". After the seminar, I
realized that "sustainable regional development" means economic development that can be
sustained over time because it is aimed not only at building wealth but also at creating
wider opportunity to contribute to and participate in the benefits of economic growth. Thus,
sustainable development focuses on both the pace and the quality of job creation. In
particular, I managed to observe of how the Japanese regional development plan manage to
integrate the economy, environment and society/culture components to make the
development plan more successful. I realized that sustainable regional development
requires the active engagement of the business community and it demands strong
partnerships among community-based organizations, local governments and regional
development agencies.
Seminar 11: Enterprise Strategy II
This seminar was conducted in Tokyo. It was continuation from Seminar 2. We had fun in
this seminar because we went out to observe a Family Mart outlet. Our task (which was
divided into three different groups) during the observation was to evaluate the outlet
especially on the number of customers entering the shop, its location, traffic condition
around the area, etc. Then, we exchanged our findings and the instructor gave his
comments. Finally, here brought us to visit few Family Mart outlets and explain certain
issues that were considered when setting up the outlets. This seminar has enables me to
learn more about franchise system especially in running a convenience store. This
information are very much useful for me just in case if I decided to venture into franchise
business in the future.
Group Study
Group study is one of the important components in IATSS Forum program. We are divided
into three different groups to come up with a report on the population theme. My group is
Group C which we call ourselves as Team Kibou (Hope). Group study was fun and
interesting as we all put our minds together to come up with a project proposal. It was also
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the platform for all of us to practice the facilitation skills. I also learned of how to work
effectively in a group and how to avoid conflicts. The cooperation among us in the team
were superb and we did not encounter major problems during the discussion. It’s really
fun!
Home Stay
Home stay will be my most unforgettable experience during my stay in Japan. At first, I
quite nervous about this home stay. But I was very fortunate to have Shigeki-san family to
host me. Do you know why? The family is very nice and kind to me and they take care me
like their own son. I feel so comfortable mingling and talking to them. I also face no
difficulty in communicating with them as my host father can understand and speak English
well. My host family has experience hosting other participants from IATSS Forum many
times.
My host family is staying in Yokkaichi City. There are three people staying in the house –
my host father, my host mother and my host father’s mother. They have three children. All
of them are well educated and working outside of Suzuka. I stayed with my host family for
2 days, one night. On the first day, we had a grand
dinner and my host family neighbour was invited
too. I really love the food prepared for the dinner.
My host mother took the trouble to cook the food
according to my preference. I enjoyed telling about
my family and my country to my host family after
the dinner. My host father too told me about his
family and also about Japanese culture and customs.
On the second day, my host family brought me to
the mountainous area (more than 1000 meter high)
to see the beautiful scenery in the area. Here, I also
got the chance to ride the cable car. They also took me to other interesting places in the
city. On the last day, I enjoyed home made sushi prepared by my host mother.
I was deeply touched by their hospitality and kindness. I wish I could have an another
opportunity to stay with them in the near future.
Visit: Nara & Kyoto
Nara and Kyoto were our first visit far from Suzuka. We went
there by bus and enjoyed the scenery along the way. First, we
stopped in Nara. Here, we visited Todaiji and Horyuji temples.
Todaiji temple is constructed using wood. It has a big huge
Buddha statue inside the building. The place is crowded with
tourists. We bump into deer prior of entering this temple.
Later, we moved to Horyuji temple. The compound of this temple is huge. The grounds of
Horyuji Temple house the world’s oldest surviving wooden structures. In 1993 Horyuji
was selected by UNESCO as part of the World Heritage as a unique storehouse of world
Buddhist. I felt very fortunate to visit a World Heritage temple.
After one night stay in Nara, we moved to Kyoto. Kyoto was an adventure for all of us as
we need to be self independent. The individual plan day that prepared in advance really
helps us during the Kyoto visit. The weather during our visit was fine. Thus, we managed
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to cover almost all the places that we planned to go. We made use of the public
transportation system (bus and trains) to move around Kyoto. Each of us learned very fast
of how to use the public transports in Kyoto. Thanks to Tomo-san who earlier had briefed
us regarding the public transportation in Kyoto. In Kyoto, I visited Kiyomizu Temple,
Kodaiji Temple, Toji Temple, Ginkakuji Temple, Kyoto Botanical Garden and Museum
of Kyoto. All these places are very much attractive but the one managed to impress me a
lot are Kiyomizu Temple, Toji Temple and Ginkakuji Temple.
Kiyomizu Temple is the one of most famous
temples in Kyoto. According to history, it was
which founded in 807 but its present buildings
were rebuilt in 1633. Supported by 139 pillars,
15m high, it gives a panoramic view of Kyoto.
I think most visitors come here for its
magnificence of its height and view. I
impressed with its unique architecture which is
marvelous. Because the temple is such a
popular attraction, that street can be very
crowded and great for people watching. It is lined with shops selling goodies,
confectionery and souvenirs.
Toji Temple is a world heritage site. Actually, the Toji Temple is a Buddhist temple and
includes the tallest wooden tower in Japan, For me, Toji Temple is a must-visit place for
those who wish to understand modern Japan. The esoteric form of Japanese Buddhism
which has its roots at Toji Temple has attracted many visitors. My most memorable
experience in this temple was to see the giant size old Buddha statue from a short distance
inside the Pagoda.
Another temple that impress me is Ginkakuji temple or Silver
Pavilion Temple. Despite its name, don't expect glistening
silver when you visit the Silver Pavilion Temple. Ginkakuji
is a simple two-story building. Surrounding Ginkakuji are
lovely Japanese gardens. Walking up to the top of the hill,
you will catch a good view of the temple.
The visit to Nara and Kyoto has enables me to understand more about Japanese temple
architecture and its religion. I also gained more insights about Japanese religious customs
and rituals. It is also quite interesting how the Japanese people maintained these temples
for their future generations so that the new generations can understand and appreciate its
rich culture.
Visit: Toyota Commemorative Museum
This museum is devoted to both textile machinery and automobile production and
technology. That's because the Toyota Group, founded by Toyoda Sakichi, the inventor of
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automatic looms, has a long history of producing both. The
museum displays looms and textile machinery, from wooden
hand looms to air-jet looms that utilize computer graphics. The
automobile pavilion provides a historic chronology of
automobile production, beginning with a replica of the first
Toyota car (1936), early assembly lines using manpower, and
automated assembly lines using industrial robots for everything from engine mounting to
painting. There's also a display of both old and new Toyota cars and a film of how Toyota
makes its cars.
Visit: Suzuka City hall & Suzuka Police Station
At Suzuka City Hall, all of us were welcomed by
the Mayor who later gave us welcoming speech.
Through his speech, we had better understanding
about Suzuka City especially on the population and
its economic development. Later we moved to
Suzuka Police Station. Here officers from the
department gave us presentation about the role
played by them especially in reducing crimes and
accidents in the city. It is quite interesting to note
that each prefectures have their own police force. It
means that Japan does not have an integrated police service to serve the entire nation.
Visit: Honda Motor Company, Suzuka
Visit to Honda Motor Company was interesting because we were shown how the car are
assembled inside the factory. The car assembly in this factory are highly automated with
minimum human intervention. I’m amazed to see how human and machine collaborate
together to perform their tasks. In addition, we were also given talk about quality control
mechanisms that are implemented in the company.
Visit: Tokyo
Tokyo Traffic Control Center
Tokyo traffic can be frustrating. However, it turns out that the entire system is much more
centralized than we could have imagined. We visited the Tokyo Traffic Control Center and
get an in-depth look at how traffic operates in Tokyo minute-by-minute. Staffed by several
officials working 24-hour shifts, Tokyo’s traffic landscape is broadcast on a towering bank
of integrated monitors. Tokyo may not be the most
traffic-friendly place in the world, but it’s not nearly
as bad as what we’ve seen elsewhere. It’s our opinion
that much has been accomplished through the use of
vehicle detectors to monitor flow, and we discussed
future developments with officials, such as integrating
the detectors with car navigational systems to better
inform drivers.
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Waseda University
Waseda University visit was an initiative from Prof Tsuboi who was in charge for the 1st
Seminar, namely Political System. Firstly, he brought us for campus tour. Then, we had
interaction with his political science students on the issue of ASEAN integration. The
participants and also the Waseda students exchanged the ideas on this issue. It was and
productive and open discussion with guidance from Prof Tsuboi. The discussions gave us
more insights of how ASEAN integration could be achieved and hurdles that need to be
faced in making ASEAN integration a reality.
Tokyo Tower
Tokyo Tower is a good post if you want to see Tokyo. The lift
moves up at a very fast speed, reputed to be one of the fastest in
the world. There are many attractions inside this landmark. The
views from the observatory were great. Here, I can view the
entire Tokyo. Unfortunately, the weather was not so friendly that
day. Thus, I could not view the Mt. Fuji. I did not go to the
special observatory because I felt it was unnecessary due the
cloudy weather outside. My favorite exhibit was the Guinness
World Records Museum.
National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation
Opened in 2001 on Odaiba, this fascinating educational
museum provides hands-on exploration of the latest
developments in cutting-edge science and technology,
including interactions with robots, virtual-reality rides, a
planetarium, and displays that suggest future applications.
Everything from nanotechnology to genomes is explained in
detail, touch-screens in English and a volunteer staff eager
to assist in demonstrations and answer questions. This museum is one the most userfriendly technology museums I have seen. I was truly fascinated with some of the
experiments which I did there.
Conclusion
My 55-days in IATSS Forum were very much precious and valuable for me. It taught me
many “lessons” that could not be obtained in normal classrooms or through working
experience. I felt very fortunate to be selected in this 43rd batch forum. I consider taking
part in the IATSS forum is a chance of a life time that has given me fruitful outcome. The
experience that I gained from this forum through my active participation and team work
have boast my confidence, diversify my knowledge and broaden my perspective. I am
now more confident in dealing with peers from ASEAN countries, more “matured” in the
sense of giving facilitation, presentation and also in leadership skills. I will utilized all my
newly gained skills in a productive manner when I go back to my home country.
Final note, I was sad to leave Japan after 55 days in the IATSS Forum. IATSS Forum and
Suzuka will be close in my heart forever. I hope that I will come back again to Japan for
my other life-long learning undertakings in the future. Sayonara….
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My Golden Chance!
Aung Khant Minn @ Aung Thar Hmwe
Myanmar
I still remember the date (12/12/2006) as the first participant for the forum from Myanmar
introduced with me about the forum, IATSS. After he knew that I am interested in studying
Japan, he shared his knowledge and pushed me to try it. Therefore, I believe that he was
the one who built the bridge to get a golden chance for me.
Golden chance
IATSS FORUM! The sound was too great for me and too exciting for me as well. I still
keep in my mind, that challenging experience to be a Golden Chance for me.
Of course it was! Because of so many reasons, it became an excellent program. It was a
rare opportunity to go to World’s innovative with high tradition country, Japan, for 55 days
with full facilities and so many opportunities. The forum designed to give various kind of
knowledge and experience on current world’s issue and future aspects of the development
of ASEAN countries, not only focused for our personal career but also for our society
development.
Moreover, I may have a chance to learn from and to share my knowledge with other
participants with different background from different countries and from skillful and well
experienced Professors. I am sure that different cultures and different ways of thinking can
lead our personal achievement. The trip to Japan can even fulfill my wish on the interests
in Japanese quality management and business practices because I was so curious about the
words “made in Japan” since my teenage. In addition, home stay program can strongly
persuaded me for about Japanese culture and their best practices that cannot buy with
money in reality.
Departure from Yangon for the Golden chance
On April 6, 2008, we left from Yangon to the colorful Japan, I still could not believe
myself and I still worried whether it was a dream or not. Hopefully, I did not want that to
be a dream.
After taking about six hours from Thailand, we landed to Nagoya Central Airport early
morning of 7 April 2008. My heartbeat is stronger and stronger. I tried to tell myself it is
just a dream, which really came true.
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First Impression
I felt some sort of good and positive atmosphere
among us after introducing each other. All the
participants treated warmly and heartily. At first, I
worried too much but I did not have a chance to
worry long because we, all the participants only
just met around a few minutes, but we seemed
like we had known each other for years.
We took bus and headed to Suzuka, Tomo san
tried hard to explain about outside view all the way. At that time, I could feel that Japanese
people are doing their job with heart and soul and I understand about the theme of
“learning and thinking together” because every participant looked friendly, with a big
smile, joyful, happiness, welcomes each other and very eager to explore each other.
Arrived Forum Office (Beginning of “RUSH HOUR”)
We reached to Suzuka Circuit Flower Garden Hotel at about
10:30AM, where the forum located. I felt so comfortable for their
systematic preparation for all of us after the facility tours around
hotel and forum facilities. It would be a kind of Japanese practice.
I was a bit nervous when I heard about all of our tasks and so
many kinds of reports under very detail and tight scheduled at the
orientation program provided by forum staff. But I understand
that they were trying to enhance our personal and professional
capabilities. This was the start of rush hour in Japan.
Gasshuku-Team Building Training
April 8 to 11, 2008: Gasshuku-Team Building Training at
Ise city (Wel Sunpia Ise Hotel) was the first place to know
more about other participants and myself. Tomo Seki from
Project Adventure, Inc. organized this program actively.
Training aimed to deepen mutual understanding and
respects among the participants from aspects, to create a
sense of belonging and to boots the level of our critical
thinking. It was a kind of ice breaking and forming us as a “Team.”
After the training, I could feel that “Team Sprit” is important and it is very useful for all of
us to adopt in any condition and to solve any problems at our future battle. I know this was
one reason why the forum prepared the Gasshuku training
for us. Since we participated in this training for four days,
we learned a lot liked teamwork, creativity, cooperation,
understanding, and trust. After the training, I understand
about Patience, Persistence, Practice, Perfection, and
Participation. In addition, I could feel that, each negative
response among teamwork can destroy the entire goals.
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One unforgettable moment at Ise was “Nominication”
session that was a great fun and we enjoyed it very much.
Actually, “Nominication” is a combination of “Nomu”
(Japanese verb which means “to drink”) and
“Communication”. That experience from “Room No. 201”
at Wel Sunpia Ise Hotel should not left behind and none of
us will forget this moment. After many discussions and brainstorming ideas for Logo,
Objective, and Motto of our 43rd batch, the beautiful result was coming out meaningfully
and successfully. Finally, we had a chance to make “Mission impossible” becomes
“Mission I’m Possible.” Moreover, we became closer not only among our participants but
with forum staff during those days.
The Opening Ceremony
April 12, 2008: The opening ceremony held at Flower
Garden Hotel, Suzuka and officiated by Dr. Yasuhei
Oguchi, Chairman of IATSS Forum. It was a wonderful
time and excited moment for all of us, as we had to
introduce ourselves in poor Japanese. However, we all
are beautiful and colorful under our traditional costumes.
I felt so proud myself for getting a chance to attend this
forum as a representative participant on behalf of my
country, Myanmar. This ceremony was like an announcement for all of us in order to fulfill
our knowledge and experience in Japan under the forum motto “Learn and Share
Together.”
Seminar-1: Political System (Politics and Our Lives)
April 17, 2008: Political system was the first seminar theme
for our 43rd batch of IATSS Forum. This seminar conducted
by Prof. Yoshiharu TSUBOI, School of Political Science and
Economics, Waseda University. Among the nine ASEAN
countries, three countries selected to provide presentation of
their current political system.
These include Malaysia, Myanmar, and Philippines. After the
Malaysian participant’s presentation, I made presentation for
our country, Myanmar. Actually, I do not know much about
political system and related issues but I tried to share my
knowledge and pre-study of our country’s political system
starting from our king
diversity to the current
condition and people’s practice.
In that seminar, we have a chance to know more about
the Imperial family of Japan and their role of stabilizer,
current problematic issues that exist in Japanese politics
and society (ex. Aging society).
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Seminar-2 & 11: Enterprise Strategies (Convenience Stores: Family Mart’s Strategies
I& II)
April 23 & May 21, 2008: Mr. Mitsuyoshi HARADA,
General Manager, Overseas Business Department, Area
Franchising Division, Family Mart Co., Ltd. conducted the
seminar with his assistant Ms. Tomoko YONEYA. This
seminar was very interesting to all of us because it was not a
simple one-way seminar, actually, it was a quiz, and
discussion based session.
We all could learn about the general overview of the
“convenience store” and their history especially on more about Family Mart. As we do not
have chained convenience stores in our country, I did not know about Family Mart at first.
After the attractive seminar, I knew about Family Mart (owned by Family Mart Co., Ltd.)
and its franchise system. I am sure that we can run a business like that in our own country
base on the experience from our case study and systematic lecture from Mr. Harada. I
appreciated to their ideas for choosing place to set up new business at most.
Seminar-3: Diplomatic Policy (National Security Issues)
April 24, 2008: I gained intensive knowledge from globally
experienced Prof. Satoshi MORIMOTO, Director, Institute of
World Studies, Takushoku University. Such amount of useful
knowledge cannot get from one-month studies in related area.
Mr. Morimoto was a great lecturer who can teach us very
attractively about international hot affairs liked a story telling.
So, I am sure, not only for me but also for all the participants
were very delighted and interested a lot. At least we can see the world’s current situation
from our country with certain level of knowledge given by our lecturer.
Seminar-4: International Cooperation (ODA: Status and Future Prospects)
April 29, 2008: Prof. Tsutomu MIZOTA, Institute of Tropical
Medicine, National University of Nagasaki, Former
UN/UNICEF Tokyo Representative delivered this seminar at
the Hotel Ranzan, Kyoto. I got so much knowledge about
world trend, Japan’s policy for international cooperation,
economic cooperation, Japan’s role in the United Nations and
ideal future direction of international cooperation. For me, corruption and poverty
reduction was the most interested part of the seminar. In that seminar, we all had a chance
to set up one ODA proposal for designated countries as a group discussion.
Seminar-5: Japanese Culture (The Martial Ways of Japan)
May 2, 2008: It was a great chance to learn more about Japanese Culture mainly on the
history and philosophy of the Japanese martial arts from non-Japanese nationality, Mr.
Alexander BENNETTE, Japanese Culture, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Teikyo University.
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He is a New Zealander who has lived in Japan for about twenty years
and one of the Japanese culture
lovers.
We also had a chance to see the
different perspective on Japanese
culture and could appreciate on the
inner sprit (Zanshin) of the Japanese
martial
arts,
Kendo.
The
understanding from such martial arts
can apply on our daily live for better concentration on
personal and social-economical development. We gained so much knowledge from not
only lecture but also from our hands on experience at Suzuka Martial Art Centre.
Seminar-6: One Village One Product Movement (OVOP)
May 5, 2008: This seminar provided me lots of wonderful
knowledge, which was about the One Village One Product as
well as the potential of local and global business development.
Prof. Fumihiko ADACHI, College of Contemporary Society
and Culture, Kinjo Gakuin University delivered the lecture.
Upon three presentations by participants from different
countries gave me the knowledge of One Village One Industry
(OVOI), One District One Product (ODOP), and One Town One Product (OTOP), all of
them are currently practicing on Malaysia and Thailand respectively. Actually we have
such kind of traditional products but we did not have proper practices to develop the
system of OVOP. This kind of knowledge and experience helps me to get strong support
for economic development of my country. “Think globally, Act locally” is the concept I
learned from this seminar.
Seminar-7: Education
May 9, 2008: It was a great pleasure to learn from Associate Prof.
Shoko YAMADA, Graduate School of International Development,
Nagoya University. In that case, our country designated to present
about our basic educational data and significant efforts or policy
reforms that the government has made in the last 20 years and the
major objectives of those reforms. I could understand about how the
education was important for many factors such as skills
development and national unity. That is why; we should follow life long learning practice.
Seminar-8: Development and Industrial Promotion
May 12, 2008: It was very difficult for me to participated ingroup discussion, as I did not have such kind of background
knowledge and experience. However, I understand that topic
was very concern and useful for all the ASEAN countries.
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In addition, I appreciated to Mr. Yoshio NAGAMINE, Advisor, Project Operation
Division No.1, International Department, SANYU Consultants Inc. for his successful plan
for one of the South African country, Kenya. Normally, this kind of knowledge can be
support to promote the industrialized economical environment.
Seminar-9: Environment and Development
May 13, 2008: This topic is one of the hot and
top issues for all human being and countries
around the world. The experienced Prof. Kazuo
MATSUSHITA, Graduate School of Global
Environmental Studies, Kyoto University gave
us many sensitive actions on environmental
issues and it can cause to our daily life and
natural disaster. The entire lecture was trying to
guide us, to understand how to balance
economic
growth
and
environmental
conservation.
Seminar-10: Sustainable Regional Development
May 16, 2008: Prof. Shigeru Fukushima, Faculty of Urban Science,
Meijo University, and Director (Meijo Asian Research Center,
MARC) delivered the lecture and shared his experience with
countryside model, Tanba area as a case study under the seminar
theme. Objective of lecture was to maintain our community and aim
to discuss on rural management framework and related socioeconomic and institutional platforms.
This seminar was quite interesting for all of us because all of our representative countries
are developing country and we all are trying to develop urban and rural areas in harmony.
As an extra benefit, we all got a chance to feel the wonderful
experience that was one night stay in lovely Japanese rural area,
named Moku-Moku Farm in Iga City. We got warmest welcome
and explanation from Mr. Osamu Kimura, President of mokumoku farm.
I could understand the profit role between the producer and
direct seller to consumer. I was so surprised while I heard from
him, that the seller such as convenience store and supermarkets took sixty percent of the
price of the agriculture product.
Another idea that I interested was – local products is only for
local consumption (our people and our environment).
Moreover, we all got a chance to get hands on practice for
making cheesecake at the homemade activities house,
Moku-Moku Farm. It was a great fun for all of us.
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Cultural Exchange Day
May 11, 2008: This was a big day for all of us. Cultural Exchange
Day activities held at Mie Center for the Arts, not only our
participants but also with four members from Kenya, China,
Australia, and Brazil. That is why; we set the name of our
Performance on that day as a World Wedding. I believed that we
tried hard and spent a lot of time for that, to get attention from
Japanese audience by presenting a real culture of ASEAN countries
and MIEF CIRs in wedding concept.
We had prepared a lot before one month a head. Many times of
practice and solidarity among all of us led to the mission
successfully finished. There was lots of laughter and fun
while we were practicing. I had privileged to be a Groom a
compiled with Australian Bride at the Myanmar Traditional
Wedding scene. Each and every country got a chance to
introduce traditional identities by presenting country booth
and auction event. I am sure that everybody feels free and
happy after Cultural Exchange Day Ceremony. For me, I
gained Laos dance named Lambong and Philippines dance
named Money dance as my new performance skills.
Introductory Training: facilitation skills and logical thinking
April 16 & May 1, 2008: This two days seminar gave us a chance to
know more about the meaning of facilitation and its tools and roles of
facilitator. I believed that flows of idea came out from Ms. Keiko
Tsubaki; Managing Director of the Global Network of Facilitators will
be strongly support in our career development. I am pleased to know it
in the beginning of the group study days because I am sure that
knowledge we gained from these lectures helped us a lot to implement
our group study (project) nicely.
Group Study
Firstly, we all thought that group study would be the
most difficult part of our duties in Japan but finally
our group could managed it well with strong and
trustful team work among us. As for 43rd intake,
Population Issues was a topic to discuss and to
implement by group members that assigned us by
forum authorities. We divided into three groups;
each group consists of six members from different
countries. Luckily, all of our group members were
very enthusiastic and have strong knowledge and
related background experiences about the proposed idea, Primary Education that we chose
for population issue.
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Many long discussion hours and our team sprit could lead us to accomplish our project as a
perfect one. We set our group name as “Team KIBOU – Hope for the future”. We are sure
that our proposed project is a pilot project that can develop perfectly in Laos PDR. Without
my team members, I could not have made it done. Personally, I learned a lot of thing in
this group study especially on how to develop the pilot community project and more
understanding on mutual respect and synergy effect.
Home Stay
It was a great time for me to know more about lovely
Japanese culture and their way of living and daily
practices. I was also excited to stay with Japanese
family since from my country before I come to Japan.
At first, I faced with some difficulties as I could not
speak Japanese and they do not know English.
Anyway, they gave me an opportunity to get
unforgettable experience with them. Nevertheless, my home stay family was very nice and
kind to me. Actually, the home stay program was the first
experience for them. I think I was very lucky because all of
them were very friendly and cared for me a lot.
My home stay family took me to a couple of places where I
was interested in. During my stays, they became my tour
guides. Every time they looked at my face and they were
trying many chances to fulfill my wishes staying in Japan. I
could also felt that I have second family in Japan.
Study Tour
Suzuka City Hall, Suzuka Police Station, Honda
Motor Co., Ltd. Suzuka Factory on April 22,
2008, Suzuka Circuit Traffic Education Centre
on April 25, 2008, Commemorative Museum of
Industry and Technology on May 6, 2008 and
Tokyo Traffic Control Center, Waseda
University May 22, 2008. It was an honorable
chance to visit to learn more about Japanese
local management style, business practices, their safety
concern, as well as their working environment and their
advanced technology and its usage. I am sure they all
work hard and are happy to work under tight schedule
and workload. From my observation, they are very
enthusiastic to work under high pressure and loyalty,
this must be reason driven them to be in this stage.
We got so many experiences from study tours, which we
can apply at our working places and their behavior can
change our attitude towards positive nature.
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Individual Plan Days
This is one of the exciting moments in Japan. We had to prepare our own full individual
plan including objective of the visits, the places we chose with reasons and types of proper
transportation to avoid waste time and not to get lost. So, I understand that forum tried to
teach us various aspects which can useful for our future. Because of our individual plan
day, we got practice of planning and self survival experience. I have to say thank you to
Tomo San for his advice and necessary information to get the perfect planning process. It
was a chance to get better understanding of the Japanese transportation system and
different life style from city area.
April 27 & 28, 2008: Kyoto: Historical town also known as the
cultural center of Japan, with modern high buildings. We visited
the cultural heritage listed under UNESCO such as Kinkakuji, Nijo
Castle, Imperial Palace and Kiyomizu and so many historical and
cultural sites. I felt so happy and got so much knowledge about
Japanese history and its tradition. This trip was the first and only
trip for me to use subway alone in Japan. So, I felt so excited and
after getting lost ways several times, I felt more confident and
efficient to use maps and information boards. It was an excellent
practice to adopt in new condition.
May 24 & 25, 2008: We went to Tokyo transit from Nagoya by
using Shinkansen (called Bullet train). That was amazing
experience for me and it is one of my dreams. Tokyo, it was a
crowded metropolitan city, very developed and all the people
were busy everywhere. It was not easy to go around the capital
city of Japan. I did not go too much place in Tokyo as I felt quite
stressful for me. I only went to Tokyo
Tower and took water bus from
Asakusa to Odaiba on first day. The
scenery was so beautiful all the way to
Odaiba and I felt new taste difference
from the sophisticate city area. On second day, I went to
Kamakura and deeply wished at Daibutsu (Big Buddha) to come
back again to Japan according to our local belief. When I arrived
to in front of the Daibutsu statue, I could felt so cool, light and
please in my mind. That kind of great pleasure is enough for me
once to get Japan.
Conclusion
As a conclusion, this program is beyond my expectation. I gained
many beneficial advantage such as team sprit (working as a group),
knowing about Japanese ways of thinking, their practices and
traditional culture, and fruitful knowledge on current regional, and
world issues. Moreover, I also had a chance to have one close
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Japanese family.
I believe if I go by myself to Japan, I can not get such kind of fruitful experiences. It was
amazing…! All the experiences which we gained from IATSS Forum are very useful not
only for our personal development but also for our country development in any way. After
the program, I understand that the forum was aimed to give us various kinds of knowledge,
cultural experience and best practices for our whole life.
Many Thanks
I would like to express my sincere thanks, firstly to Ko Kyaw
Minn Htin who encouraged me and helped me to apply this
program.
Secondly, to the volunteers and all of the forum staff including director Akira
san, and Tomo san, Mikio san, Masumi san, Yumi san, Miwa san, Chie san and
Kanako san. All of them were guided me and supported me a lot for everything
what I needed a long the forum in Japan.
Actually, all the staffs were also our teachers or
facilitators. I highly appreciated them for their hard
work for us as well as they were very happy to
welcome us to Japan. Every time, they were ready to
help us for any details matters. I am sure that all of us
had a good time with them along the forum. They
were very clever in managing time and they usually
think for time saving and convenience. This is one
reason among many others to appreciate their effort for us.
Thirdly, to my colleagues from 43rd batch of IATSS
Forum. All of them treated me very nicely and I am
sure they loved me and cared for me and they shared
with me lots of knowledge and many good practices.
Finally, I want to express my
deepest gratitude and thanks to
Dr. Yasuhei Oguchi, chairman of
the IATSS Forum and Committee members for their marvelous ideas
and strong support for all of our participants to achieve our mission
successfully. This golden chance is once in a lifetime opportunity for
me. Thank you so much to all!!!
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Japan! The Mastery of High-Tech ! ! !
Cho Thiri Maung
Union of Myanmar
My Impression of Japan
The day that I was waiting was arrived and I felt so excited because this was my first time
to come to Japan. I have dreamed of visiting Japan since I was young. Oh! Finally, I got a
chance to visit to Japan as a 43rd IATSS FORUM participant. So, this was a great
opportunity for me to attend this Forum on behalf of Myanmar. Actually, I have learned
many Japanese practices in my school days and I was really fascinated by Japanese ways
of thinking, especially cultivating, and team spirit. Moreover, the lessons that I have
learned in the business school also inspired me to expend my knowledge about Japanese
best practices. Consequently, I have got a high impression on high technology, close
government-industry cooperation, a strong work ethic, best practices on shop floor
management and the way to maintain their culture and tradition.
As I came from business field, I have also known that Japan has a large industrial capacity
and is home to some of the largest, leading and technologically advanced producers of
motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine tools, steel and nonferrous metals, ships,
chemicals, textiles and processed foods. So, before I came to Japan, I had a strong desire to
learn different strategies for effective operation especially of Japanese experiences.
Moreover, Japan leads the world in robotics, having produced QRIO, ASIMO, and Aibo,
and possesses more than half of the world's industrial robots for manufacturing. That is
why, I was curious to learn the mastery of high technology.
My Arrival day
When I arrived in Nagoya Airport, Tomo San from IATSS
forum and our co-participants from Philippines have been
waiting and welcoming with a smile face. At that moment
we chatted and talked each other and I thought that we
started to feel friendly between us. After we moved to our
Forum which is situated in Suzuka city. As Japan is one of
the biggest manufacturers of Motor vehicles in the World,
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I saw a lot of vessels and car waiting to load the shipment when we passed the industrial
area and shipping harbor.
On the way to Suzuka Circuit Hotel, I got a chance to see Cherry Blossom (Sakura) and
meanwhile I was amazed by this lovely scenery and it caught my first attention.
When we arrived in Suzuka Circuit Hotel, all the staff members of IATSS Forum
welcomed and greeted our participants with big smile so at that moment I felt the warm
atmosphere of the Forum staff and their hospitality.
The “GASSHUKU” Team Building program in Ise
On 8th April, we moved to Ise city for team building program “GASSHUKU” for 4 days. It
is 50 km away from Suzuka. Since that time, we have bounded by timely schedule and
everything was rushing. Among the indoor and outdoor games, I thought that team
building program was a good chance for our participants and IATSS Forum staff to get to
know each other. I felt that we became friendly and start to know the potential of our coparticipants and work as a unit for the rest of the program. Within 4 days, I was really
immersed in all activities and I forgot everything about me, my work, my responsibilities
and I thought that I have been moved to another world. There were a lot of fun activities
including ice breaking and socializing in team building.
In Gasshuku, we had success to set up an objective, a motto and a logo for our 43rd Forum
batch on our own ideas. I realized that this was the result of “consensus” among our
participants and this inspired me to remember the concept of “Synergy” which is the whole
is greater than the sum of individual itself. Consequently, this session could able to fulfill
my desire of how to build the team-spirit and also knew my strength and weakness to deal
with the others. Moreover, I also appreciated our informal session of Room 201 where we
could share, learn, laugh, fun and exchange funny stories together. Thanks everyone to
come and share your funny stories. After “Gasshuku”, I felt that we were more alike than
different and just enough to make the forum more interesting with diversity and uniqueness.
One the last day, we visited to Ise Shrine which is the famous and biggest one around
Japan. This was our first field trip and I was fascinated by the scenery of beautiful
environment including green trees,
broad gravel lanes and the wooden,
barely painted shrine structures. I
could imagine that how did Japanese
people conserved their culture and
traditional from the ancient time to
now and I really appreciated for this.
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Opening Ceremony
The following day, coming back from Ise city, was
opening ceremony. This was the first day that we
had to wear out traditional costume and the first time
to talk self-introduction and greeting with Japanese
language. Although I have practiced several times
for self-introduction in Ise city, I still have been
nervous because there were around 100 people,
including representatives from respective Embassies,
IATSS Forum Steering Committee and local
Japanese volunteers. Anyway, we did a good self-introduction.
Japanese Culture Introduction Day
This was the special day that we have been exposed to Japanese culture and active
volunteers made me to know more detail about the Japanese culture and their ways of
thinking. I could able to learn a lot including Japanese calligraphy, tea ceremony,
traditional toys and Japanese traditional life style. Actually, I couldn’t find the words to
say the spirit and efforts of Japanese volunteers but I would like to say thanks a lot for their
contribution and hospitality. I haven’t expected that kind of kindness and I was really
immersed in all of the session that they performed as well as the food they cooked for us.
Thank you and I really liked “okonomiyaki” and this was the first delicious Japanese food
for me when I arrived in Japan. That was great!
Enjoyable Moment with my co-participants and IATSS Forum Staff ~ My Birthday
in IATSS Forum (18.4.2008)
Oh! I was so excited because this was my first time to
celebrate my birthday in outside of my country. Here, I got
the chance to celebrate my birthday with my friends from
ASEAN countries and Japan. That’s why I was glad to buy
and prepare some foods and drink two days before my
birthday. In this evening, I cooked one of Myanmar
Typical foods “Moh Hin
Kar” together with my
friend from Indonesia “Yayuk”. Oh! My first experience
of cooking in Japan was nice and memorable. My
birthday party was started 6 in the evening and all the
participants joined and celebrated my birthday together.
All of my friends ate the food I prepared and said it was
really delicious. It was, of course, enjoyable moment. At
that moment, oh ! the room suddenly became dark and
someone brought birthday cake to me. He was Akira San, Director of IATSS Forum and I
was surprised to know that they had a secret plan to prepare Birthday Cake for me. How
blissful it was? After that, they sang birthday song for me and I blew the candles and cut
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the cake. We have spent more than an hour with drinking, eating and talking funny stories.
So, it cannot be depicted by words...but I want to thank Akira San and staff from IATSS
Forum for organizing this party...also my great appreciations to all of the participants who
made my birthday blissful and joyful.....many thanks...and I became 31 on that day!!
Memorable moment with my second family – Home Stay
One of the uniqueness in IATSS Forum was “Home Stay”. Actually, I have been
passionate about learning different cultures so this “Home Stay” program is so valuable for
me to learn the Japanese culture and mind-set of Japanese people.
During my stayed in Japanese family, I could able to
know more detail about Japanese culture as well as
to observe the traditional life style of Japanese
people. On my first day, my Okasan and I made
“Sushi” which was so interesting and of course
memorable time for me! I loved my second family
and I got a chance my birthday again with them.
They secretly ordered Birthday cake for me and
celebrate my special day. I enjoyed a lot with my
host family. Oh ! I was lucky to have Otosan,
Okasan in Japan. Lovely Moment! Moreover, I got a chance to visit to Nagoya city
including Nagoya Castle, Spiral Tower and some shopping malls. Only two days and one
night was a short time but the extreme kindness of my host family and their friendliness
made me unforgettable moment.
Visit to Suzuka City Hall, Suzuka Police Station and Honda Motor Co.,Ltd ( Suzuka
Factory)
After back from Home Stay, we were scheduled to visit to Suzuka City Hall, Suzuka
Police Station and Honda Motor Co.,Ltd (Suzuka
Factory). At Suzuka City Hall, we got a chance to
meet the Mayor of Suzuka city and learn the
administrative system of Suzuka city. Throughout
the trip was so interesting for me and I could able to
learn many new things but the most highlight one
that caught my attention is Honda Motor Co.,Ltd
visit. “HONDA ~ The Power of Dream” inspired me
to expend my knowledge on the Mastery of HighTech! As I mention on my impression, one of my
desire is I want to learn the Japanese best practice and Japanese Shop Floor Management.
During my factory visit, I got the opportunity to learn the Honda’s concept, their ways of
thinking, Quality control system and their best practices. Actually, I was really fascinated
by the way they develop positive discipline and attitude and also cultivate team spirit and
positive work culture. I believe that in order to get the total participation from employees,
we should develop team spirit and encouraged a feeling that everyone contribution is vital
to the company’s success. Consequently, I realized that the success of the business depend
on planning, top management commitment, employee’s participation, cooperation and
continuous encouragement.
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Seminar
According to the theme of IATSS Forum “Thinking and Learning Together”, the major
part of our Forum is Seminars which are very informatics and valuable for us. Each
seminar provided our knowledge to be deepened and encourage thinking serious in each
topic. So, I believe that the topics and issues that we have discussed in the seminar will
enhance our knowledge and I have no doubt that what we learned and experienced here
will be with us for many years to come.
Political System ~ Politics and Our Lives~
Prof.Yoshiharu TSUBOI form Waseda University delivered
our first seminar “Political System”. In this seminar, we got a
chance to know the general overview of politics and national
administration of ASEAN and Japan. I thought that we need to
consider and discuss the future direction of Japan and
Southeast Asian politics while we are aiming to build friendly
ties between ASEAN and Japan.
Enterprise Strategies ~Convenience Stores “Family Mart’s Strategies”~
Actually, I was curious to attend this seminar when I saw this topic in our Seminar
Syllabus. Mr. Mitsuyoshi HARADA, General Manager of Family Mart conducted a lecture
for us base on the success story of “Family Mart”. Basically, I have business background
and also would like to learn the different strategies for effective operation especially of
Japanese practice. Luckily, in this seminar, I got a chance to learn what factors are
considered in order to develop a shop with good sales,
especially location when open a new shop. Moreover,
we could learn what kinds of systems, activities and
efforts are excised in order to achieve good sales in
convenience stores.
Our second seminar for Enterprise Strategies is in
Tokyo and I thought that this seminar is more practical
because we have gone to the real shop and had a
chance to observe the reality and practice of Family
Mart. It was very valuable for us and I could expend
my knowledge on the systematic operating system of the best selling shop.
International Cooperation ~Current Status and Future Prospects~
This is one of the interesting topics for me and we have learned the current status of ODA,
including its evaluation and problematic issues. During this seminar, I could deepen my
knowledge of basic information about on-going global collaboration, especially in South
East Asian countries and also discussed the future prospects of ODA and international
cooperation. After the discussion, I could observe that all of the assistances are not only
form government but also people from non-governmental organizations and private
companies, who are playing an active role in the field in developing countries. So, it would
not be an exaggeration to say that their sincere endeavors increase the sense of trust in
Japan and Japanese people in the international community.
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Japanese Culture ~Japanese Budo: The Martial Ways of Japan~
At first, I had no idea about Budo and the word
“Budo” is a bit strange for me. But after the seminar, I
have clearly known that the most visible vestige of
samurai culture remaining is Budo which is the
traditional martial arts of Japan. This one-day seminar
offered our participants an insight into the history of
the Japanese martial arts with actual hands-on
experience. After the seminar, we have been given an
introduction into the art of kendo which is a physically
and mentally challenging activity that combines strong
martial arts values with sporting-like physical elements. Basic techniques and etiquette
would be thought, and at the end of the session, we have been divided into two teams and
engaged in a mock tournament. Definitely, I never forget the words “Men, Kote and D ”.
Oh ! one of the exciting moments and it was so challenging …. Lovely Kendo! .
OVOP ~ One Village One Product Movement~
In this seminar, Prof, Fumihiko ADACHI pointed out the importance of community-driven
regional development rather than dependence on assistance from central government.
Finally, we have learned to look at ASEAN countries to elaborate the best ways of
promoting community-driven development. I assure that this practice can develop and
promote a sense of belonging and pride of the community to local people like “Our Village,
Our Product, Our Pride”.
Education ~ Multiple Roles of Skills Development and National Unity: Lessons from
Japanese Experiences~
This seminar aimed to provide our participants to understand the multiple roles of skill
development and national unity. Prof, Shoko YAMADA conducted the lecture and
introduced the multiple role of education in the society and seriously discussed about how
our ASEAN countries should design and develop our national education systems, in
reference to the issues the country face locally and as a member of the global society.
During the seminar, we got the opportunity to know an overview of the historical
development of the education system in Japan. So, in my mind, the seminar has broadened
my knowledge and deepened my understanding about the way to build and develop the
nationwide education system. Finally, I also assure that education policy makers should
use the “think globally, act locally” concept in formulating their country’s education policy.
Moreover, it is also important that integration, modification, adaptation are the
implementation techniques could be used when using “think globally, act locally” concept.
Sustainable Regional Development ~Mokumoku Farm~
We also had a chance to visit and stay one-night in
Mokumoku Farm which is agricultural theme park with
multipurpose site for agriculture, food, health and handson farm experience. I was pleased to know that the farm
has succeeded as an agri-community business and as a
platform for an exchange between cities and countryside.
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At first, we had a seminar in the morning under the title of “Sustainable Regional
Development”. In the afternoon, we took a field study tour at “Mokumoku Farm” and
attended “Cheese Cake” making bakery course. It is so special for me and this is my first
time to make a cake by myself. Oh ! How was a great chance?
Visit to the ancient city ~Nara and Kyoto
My visit to the ancient city “Nara” started to inspire
me to enhance my impression on the Japanese
Empire in the ancient time. I was really fascinated by
Todaiji Temple which has the old gate with faded
color. The status of the guard both right and left side
of the entrance are really interesting for me. Next to
the Todaiji Temple, there is a Nara park and we saw
many deer. When I fed them cookies, they came and
chased me so it seems that they used to familiar with
human.
The following day we were moved to Kyoto which is the cultural city as well as the
ancient city of Japan. It has a long tradition and history and now it was combined with the
contemporary life style which makes Kyoto to attract the foreigners. Consequently, I found
many World heritage site among the modern building and I really appreciated the way they
conserve their historical heritage. It was so interesting. I could observe that Kyoto is a city
which maintains a revolutionary spirit, a city of ideas and the cultural capital of Japan,
constantly creating new traditions. I remarked Kyoto as a "relaxing lifestyle in a vibrant
city", as a positive response towards the new era, while simultaneously protecting and
developing traditional culture. Oh ! Kyoto is a true jewel - Japan's asset!
Cultural Exchange Day
One of the main activities of IATSS Forum is
“Cultural Exchange Day” and this activity could
express the cooperation and integrating of our
participants. Before CED, we have got many
meetings, rehearsals and prepared many things for
our “World Wedding Ceremony”, auction, national
dance, Quiz and country Booth. Actually, I didn’t
expect so many people and when I saw the number
of guest increasing, I felt so happy and exciting. At
Myanmar Booth, I was so busy by providing our
food and snacks to the guest and also introducing
about our natural resources. Oh ! It was a kind of marketing and promoting our country.
Really Nice ! During CED, I also pleased to notice that almost all the audience willing
participated in all the programs like Wedding ceremony, auction, Quiz, national dance and
so on. This means that they were fascinated by our best performance and they did
appreciate our effort. I think this is the first time for them to watch the World Wedding
Ceremony and as a result they have been exposed to different cultures as well. Thank you
all of our coordinators, our CED was completed successfully and everything well done,
systematic and under control. Good Job !
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Tokyo Trip
Tokyo has been cited as a "The Heart of Japan” which is political, economical and cultural
center of Japan as well as “The Vast Metropolitan Capital of Japan”. Tokyo trip is our last
field trip and I felt a bit exciting about high skyscraper buildings, the Mastery of HighTechnology and sophisticate transportation system. Unlike Kotyo, there were a few
historical places because Tokyo expresses itself as the epitome of high urbanization.
The Great Buddha “Kamakura”: Five years ago, one of my friends
gave me the miniature statue of Kamakura since that time I had a
strong desire to visit “Kamakura”. Everyday, I pray before
Kamakura, offer fruits and flowers and also make a wish: “May I
visit and pay homage to Kamakura”. Now, my wish comes true and
I got a chance to visit and pray in front of the great Buddha
“Kamakura” which is 13.35 meters tall and weights 121 tons. I was
amazing that in the 500 years since then; although the holy statue
has been exposed to sunshine, storms, and snow, the statue still
strong to attract many visitors from the foreign countries.
On the second individual plan day, I took monorail to Odaiba which
is a nice place with high buildings and beautiful bridges along Tokyo bay. I think that this
is wonderful place and I could visit many interesting place around there including
Museums, shopping mall and Marine Park. In Museum of Maritime Science, I have
learned the progress shipbuilding, marine transport, and various other maritime industries.
I am pleased to know that this museum show and implement various activities aimed to
deepen the understanding and recognition of Maritime affairs under the theme of ocean
and ship culture. Through observation, I have noticed that Japan is surrounded in every
direction by ocean and Japanese people used their resources effectively and developed as a
maritime nation since ancient time. It was a wonderful time for me to go and look around
Odaiba area and I was really fascinated by the finest environment.
On my opinion, Tokyo is the elegant and stylish city where a retro-modern atmosphere still
lingers in the air. I do appreciate the history and the culture handed down form Edo to
Tokyo over 400 years. Even though our group stayed in Tokyo 6 days, I could observe the
life style of people living in urban area, the usage of high technology for daily life, the
convenience way for everything and effective time management of Japanese people.
Group Study ~Thinking and Learning Together
After learning a theme lecture “Population Issues”, we
are divided into three groups and discussed and made a
proposal based on “Population Issues”. It is great for me
because I could refresh my brain, my concept and my
thinking power as well. As all of our group members
have different background knowledge so “Group Study”
is so challenging and we had different viewpoints.
Throughout the discussion I have learned that we had to
learn the need of grass-roots activities and learned how
to make it feasible based on logical thinking. We also
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need to know the current situation and analyze the fundamental cause and effect of present
problems. Finally, we could examine how to approach these facts and proposing solutions
and action plans under our sub-theme that is “Our Village, Our Product, Our Pride”.
Embassy Visit
This day is one of the memorable days in Tokyo
because I and James got the wrong way to go to our
Embassy. It took time to find our Embassy even
though I had our Embassy’s Map but unfortunately,
this map is all in Japanese but I asked everyone that
I met on the way; so finally we arrived to our
Embassy. Anyway, we were lucky because we got
an opportunity to meet our Ambassador; U Hla
Myint and shared our experiences and activities at
IATSS Forum including teambuilding, seminars,
cultural exchange day, study tours and so on.
Japan ! The Mastery of High-Tech
Industrial Robot
During our study tour in Honda Motor Suzuka Factory, I
got a chance to observe the industrial robot in Assembly
line. At that time, I was really amazed by those robots
which are automatically controlled, reprogrammable,
multipurpose manipulator programmable in three or more
axes. I could observe that they are programmed to
faithfully carry out specific actions over and over again
(repetitive actions) without variation and with a high
degree of accuracy. These actions are determined by
programmed routines that specify the direction,
acceleration, velocity, deceleration, and distance of a
series of coordinated motions.
I really impressed the artificial intelligence of modern
industrial robot.
An Advance Humanoid Robot @ ASIMO
The following day after arriving Tokyo, we visited to Honda
Motor Head Office, luckily, we got a great chance to see the
ASIMO show and I have been amazing by the world’s most
advanced humanoid robot and the mastery of high technology.
At that moment, I was just wondering to know that ASIMO
can run, walk on uneven slopes and surface, turn smoothly,
climb stairs and grasp objects and comprehend and response
to simple voice commands. Consequently, I could imagine
that it took more than two decades and this is the result of
persistent study, research, and trial and error of Honda
Engineer. Congratulation for creating an advance humanoid
robot and I love ASIMO!
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Conclusion
First of all, I would like to express my heartfelt
gratitude to Mr. Soichiro Honda and Mr. Takeo
Fujisawa, Founders of IATSS Forum and Dr.
Oguchi, Chairman of IATSS. I can only imagine
what a daunting task it must be to plan and organize
such a forum: to bring together participants from
ASEAN nations with diverse cultures, backgrounds
and experience and to formulate a forum that is so
inspirational and practical. I would like to take this
opportunity to thank everyone who is involved with IATSS, and in particular to those who
have made our stay here in Japan “exceptional” in every sense.Moreover, I also want to
acknowledge with gratitude my indebtedness to all the staff members who have been
cooperative and welcoming with smiling faces during our study in IATSS Forum.
Within 57 days, we have gotten many chances to improve our skills in communication,
leadership, volunteerism, judgment, decision-making and team-spirit in an internationally
diversified group. Moreover, during the forum, we got the opportunity of networking and
interact with other participants from ASEAN and Japan for greater regional integration and
cooperation. I hope it might also benefit to our youth development as well as the ASEAN
community and Japan. As a result of 43rd IATSS Forum, we are going hand in hand
together to reach the ASEAN goals as “One Community” and hopeful the ASEAN youth
will be a strong generation of the ASEAN.
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TAPESTRY: WOVEN LIFE THREADS IN JAPAN
Altis Anecita Trasmonte
Philippines
I. HOLDING ON TO THE THREAD OF FAITH
Halfway my life’s journey, I had an experience that tested everything in me- physically,
emotionally, psychologically, and spiritually. It was June of 2007, my sixth year in the
teaching profession. As usual, I was excited for the start of the school year. I could hardly
wait to meet and teach my new batch of students at Philippine Science High School in
Western Visayas based in Iloilo City, Philippines. But that excitement snapped off when I
received the most devastating news in my thirty-five years of existence. I got the result of
the biopsy on the mass taken from my right breast. At first I could not believe my eyes, but
the words were there. They stared at me! They spelled out something really scary…
INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA. I could not move. I sat still for a few minutes.
Then I grabbed the nearest dictionary. I looked up the word carcinoma. Then it hit me real
hard… A MALIGNANT TUMOR; A CANCER!
At first I did not cry, but when everything had sunk in, I gave way. Since then, things
started to change. I felt so down. Nights became unbearable. I wanted to sleep with the
lights on. The dark was simply suffocating. I became afraid of many things: financial
burden, the thought of radical mastectomy or removal of the breast, the six sessions of
chemotherapy, the “what ifs” like what if the cancer had metastasized? What if the
treatment could not help? What if I would die in a few months or in a few years just like
what happened to many cancer patients I know?
Then I started to wrestle with God. I reasoned out with Him, “Lord, You’re not letting me
die this early, are You? How can I appreciate death when I have yet to fully experience
life?” That was my main argument. I believe He listened, for He made sure I got all the
treatment that I needed.
There were times when I asked the Lord, “Is there life after chemotherapy?” At first, His
answer came in a still, small voice. Last November of 2007, I received a letter saying that I
made it to the top ten finalists of young professionals that would be given the chance to
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represent the Philippines in a forum involving the nine countries under the Association of
Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and Japan.
Towards the end of my chemotherapy, I flew to Manila for the final screening and
interview. God prepared the way for my trip. While waiting for the result of the final
screening, I again asked Him, “Is there life after chemotherapy?” His next answer did not
come in a still, small voice. This time, it was a resounding YES! Despite my physical
condition that time, I made it to the number one spot in the final screening.
II. HANGING ON TO THE THREAD OF EXPECTATIONS
While trying to contain my excitement as regards my participation in the 43rd IATSS
Forum, I came up with my acrostic of expectations relative to the conduct of the 55-day
intellectual, social and cultural enterprise( I- Interdisciplinary approach to discussing
issues affecting the ASEAN and Japan; A-Across-cultures exposure; T-Thinking and
learning together among Asia's young professionals; S- Synergistic participants and forum
staff; and S- Superb accommodation from the technologically advanced yet culture-rich
and environmentally sound host country that is Japan). With I-A-T-S-S in mind, I had a
clear guide to make sure I would be making significant contributions to ensure the success
of the forum, best represent my country, and gain the most from the experience.
III. SPINNING THE THREADS OF IATSS EXPERIENCE
A refreshing, magical feeling under a sakura
in full bloom
Before coming to Japan, my husband prayed to
God for just one angel to guard over me. I was
amazed because God gave more than what my
husband asked for. Instead of just one angel, the
Lord gave me several – the IATSS staff like
Akira-san (the head angel), Masumi-san (the
multitalented angel), Mikio-san (the comic
angel), Tomo-san (the fatherly angel), Orie-san
(the guardian angel), Miwa-san ( the softspoken yet firm angel), Yumi-san (the money
angel) and the new, helpful angels, Kanako-san
and Chie-san. The first serious job that the
angels had to do was to bring me to the hospital
in Ise when I had a stiff neck. During the first
day
of Gasshuku, my neck could only do a 45-degree turn. The effect of the treatment was
instantaneous, for after a few hours I could already move my neck at almost 90 degrees,
and the next day… 180 degrees! Just my way of saying, everything was okay!
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A. GASSHUKU
In the Gasshuku or Team-Building Activity done in Ise, I had lots of fun. I also gained
insights on how to deal with my fellow participants. The three nights and three days
somehow revealed each person’s temperament, strengths and weaknesses. Tomo-san, the
facilitator for the series of activities, did a wonderful job in choosing games and
activities that tested our individual character, and that of the group we comprised. At
first, there were lots of misunderstanding, bruised pride, and reservations on the part of
the participants because everyone seemed to be overexcited to test his/her ideas such that
almost always, too many people were talking at the same time. In the end, however, we
came out as one solid group, a force to reckon with.
The first game that somehow brought me out of my shell as it brought out the child me
was the Hoop the Hoop. While holding hands together in a circle, we had to let the hoop
travel and complete one circular motion. I just had my treatment that time for my stiff
neck, but I really enjoyed the game that I forgot about my condition. I had fun looking
around me seeing people doing all sorts of tricks just to squeeze in their limbs to pass
through the hoop.
The activity that really showed my weakness was the Treasure Hunting. I was one of
those who entertained the idea of impossibility when I heard that the spot where we were
to check the treasure was quite far and difficult to reach. I was one with the others who
said the treasure could not be there because the organizers would not have us go to such
troubles or such lengths.
The activity that gave us a sense of satisfaction as a group was when blind-folded, we
had to enter the room and form an
equilateral triangle using our bodies
with the rope to guide us, trusting that
everyone would do his/her best to
accomplish the task. That activity
proved that good planning is vital, with
every member understanding fully
his/her role. Our team spirit was
amazing that we did it so fast!
In most of the activities, we had the
chance to experience a very important
concept
behind
the
Japanese
kaizen.
development,
The participants raising their hands in victory after
the grueling task of forming an equilateral triangle
while blindfolded
Most often we would improve our ways of doing things by careful planning, studying
our moves, and having a seemingly endless repetition of the activities to see the
improvement in our scores.
Summing up all the activities, the most important thing that I learned is not to look into
my group’s score but to look at the process or the learning involved. The learning
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includes not only the proper techniques of doing things, but also understanding
individual differences, recognizing individual strengths and weaknesses and leveling
them off to gain best results in the activities. I believe the end goal of this is to bring out
the best in each person so that the group can work best.
B. SEMINARS
Of the many activities during the forum, the seminar sessions gave me a lot of
intellectual stimulation. Through the so-called interdisciplinary approach towards
discussing issues concerning the ASEAN and Japan, I gained invaluable ideas regarding
the eleven topics namely, Political System, Enterprise Strategies, Diplomatic Policy,
International Cooperation, Japanese Culture, One-village-one-product Movement or
OVOP, Education, Development and Industrial Promotion, Environment and Sustainable
Asia and Sustainable Regional Development
In each seminar session, designated
countries
presented
their
countries’
situations like success stories and challenges
involved. In particular, I and the other
Filipino participant named Jed had to do
power point presentations on Political
System and Environment and Sustainable
Asia.
A typical seminar session
One of the seminar topics I got really interested in was Japanese Culture. Before coming
to Japan, I already had some kind of fascination with Samurai stories, specifically about
their magnificent sword katana. For so long a time, I had this wish of not just seeing but
holding one real full-length katana. Although this wish did not come true after two
months of stay in Japan, I’m grateful I got the chance to hear the lecture and learn the
basics on Japanese swordsmanship, kendo, from Dr. Alex Bennet, a sixth dan holder and
an expert in such field. He taught us about the history of swordsmanship in Japan and the
many times the Japanese almost lost the craft. Moreover, he taught us how to use and
respect the sword, the living soul of a Samurai and
regarded as of divine origin by the people who use it.
Aside from the basic strikes that we repeatedly
practiced on like men, kote, dou and tsuki, one very
important discipline that I learned is zanshin , the
continued state of mental alertness and physical
readiness to instantly attack or respond to an attack
or counter attack by
an opponent. I understood the concept but I had
difficulty applying it.
The participants intent in learning kendo
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C. CULTURAL EXCHANGE DAY
The Cultural Exchange Day was one of the redletter days in my IATSS experience. Being one of
the program hosts, I had to prepare the script in
English for the entire show. My Japanesespeaking co-host, Opondo-san of Kenya and I had
a great time in doing preparations and during the
actual program itself.
Opondo-san and I introducing the IATSS and
MIEF participants
The preparation was tremendous, though. Almost every night two weeks before the big
day, we would practice for the self-introduction, World Wedding Presentation, auction,
traditional dance, etc. A few hours before the program started, we became very busy
with our country booths reflecting the theme of wedding traditions in our respective
countries.
Our hard work paid off though. The show was attended by more than a hundred Japanese,
and by mere observation, one would know they enjoyed a lot. That experience also
taught me a variety of wedding practices and other cultural insights on the nine ASEAN
countries and those of Australia, Brazil, China and Kenya.
The Philippines’ country booth with Jed and I explaining about the Filipino wedding (kasal).
Also displayed are interesting Philippine products like handicrafts and food items
D. GROUP STUDY
The group study was one of the most challenging
activities in my IATSS experience. I belonged to the
group called Team Kibou (Team Hope) together with
Nantha of Malaysia, James of Myanmar, Net of Laos,
Aey of Thailand and Huyen of Vietnam.
The Team Kibou feeling a sense of accomplishment
after the first Group Study session
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I admire our team spirit. We worked as a cohesive group identifying our topic and
coming up with the proposal. Our study focused on how to improve primary education in
a Lao Theung community in Laos.
Of course, everything was not easy. Every step of the way had to be accomplished with
much hard work and focus. At the end of eight days of being together, we came out as
one solid group.
E. STUDY TOURS
The opportunity to visit places in Japan during group tours and individual trips taught me
innumerable lessons about this magnificent country. I was awestruck as to how such
first-world, super high-tech nation is able to make a fantastic blend of its old and new
ways of living. All of these I experienced in the two former Japanese imperial capitals,
Nara and Kyoto, and the current capital, Tokyo.
In Nara and Kyoto, I got the chance to see some of the UNESCO World Heritage sites
and other historical places, and
experienced traditional Japanese
aesthetics in the form of arts and entertainment. During my Nara visit, for instance, I got
overwhelmed by my historical and cultural discoveries in the old, world-famous temples
and shrines where the precious history and essence of the Tempyo period are still very
much alive
One such overwhelming experience happened when we visited the Todaiji Temple, the
largest wooden building in the world. There I saw Japan's largest Buddha statue, Buddha
Vairocana, known in Japanese simply as the Daibutsu. Its size is overwhelming: 30
meters tall and weighs 500 metric tons. Up close, the Buddha has the following features;
face: 5.33 meters; eyes: 1.02 meters; nose: 0.5meter; and ears: 2.54 meters. Gigantic,
indeed! And this is the most amazing part: the Buddha is made of gold (440 kg) and
copper (499 mg). The Buddha has special hair, like a spiral perm. In total, the hair
consists of 966 balls, each having a diameter of 18 centimeters and length of 30
centimeters.
Also, very memorable was my
experience with deer around Todaiji
Temple. I loved looking at them
grazing and gamboling in the grassy
parts of the park. Several times, I
experienced some kind of a “hold-up”
by a group of deer, not because they
really liked me or what, but because I
was holding some deer food. Minus
the smell, I found those deer loveable
and charming creatures. I loved being
with them, feeding them and touching
their horns.
Though a bit smelly, these deer are charming.
They know exactly how to get what they want-deer crunchies.
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Kyoto, on the other hand, revealed itself to me as one of the best preserved cities in
Japan with hundreds of
Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines, as well as palaces, gardens and other structures
with unique architectural designs. I visited Kinkaku-ji or the Temple of the Golden
Pavilion, originally built in 1397 to serve as a retirement villa for Shogun Ashikaga
Yoshimitsu. The Golden Pavilion, or Kinkaku, is a three-story building on the grounds
of the temple. It functions as a shariden, housing the relics of the Buddha. I could not
help but admire how the Golden Pavilion is set in a magnificent Japanese strolling
garden (kaiy -shiki). The pond in front of it called Ky ko-chi (Mirror Pond) has islands
and stones that represent the Buddhist creation story.
I also visited the Toji Temple and got awestruck by its five-tiered wooden pagoda, the
highest wooden structure in Japan; the Nanzenji Temple located in the eastern part of
Kyoto, formerly the imperial villa of the retired Emperor Kameyama; Kyoto Imperial
Palace, one of the homes of the emperors of Japan; Arashiyama and its picturesque lake;
and the Gion and Pontoch geisha quarters.
In Tokyo, I was exposed to high-tech living in
one of the most expensive cities in the world,
experienced the latest innovations in science and
technology, and interacted with modern-living
Japanese in the streets, public utility vehicles,
shopping
malls,
restaurants,
museums
and
recreational places.
The smile and the easy pose surely tell of
one great day in Tokyo
In particular, I had feverish excitement when I finally came in contact with robots, one of
the things that I wanted to see in Japan. You know, when I was young, I had this almostimpossible dream of joining the pool of scientists in the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA). Of course, that dream did not
materialize, and I almost lost it. It resurfaced when I came
face-to-face with the magnificent humanoid robot, Asimo,
when we visited the Honda head office. He was a darling!
He must be extremely expensive, I thought. He did a lot of
tricks: talking, walking, running and dancing. My camera
captured his every move.
Just a few inches away from the superstar
robot named Asimo, I whispered my onemillion-yen question: Are you a boy or a
girl? To that, Asimo did not answer. Umm,
still undecided.
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More robots of all shapes, colors and sizes
thrilled me when I visited the National
Museum of Emerging Science and
Technology or Miraikan. I touched and held
some of them. I thought my students in the
science high school would be green with
envy if they saw the pictures.
Wiggling its tail, this cuddly robot pet dog surely
knows his business of making every pet lover happy
F. HOME STAY
Although brief, my home stay gave me the opportunity to experience the warmth of a
Japanese family. I spent two days with my host family, the Kokubuns, in Kuwana City, an
hour ride from Suzuka City.
For a couple of days, I experienced warm
accommodation from my Japanese oto-san named
Toshikazu, oka-san named Fukie and one-san. In
addition, I had fantastic moments with the very
spoiled yet charming family dog named Pinchio.
Oka-san, an arts teacher, together with one-san
taught me how to do origami. We also cooked
some Japanese food. Oto-san, Pinchio and I would
walk early in the morning and late in the afternoon
in the community park. Oto- san also loved to
share with me videos that he himself produced.
Spending a windy afternoon with my oto-san
and oka-san
The most exciting part of the activities would be eating oishi foods at home and at the
restaurants too. After two days with them, I finally learned to love sashimi, sushi and
Japanese tea which I normally did not like to have prior to my stay with them. We also
went around Kuwana City and neighboring towns to see beautiful places like museums,
flower parks and many others.
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The naughty and spoiled family dog named Pinchio trying to get my
undivided attention.
V. THE MASTERPIECE COMPLETED
God really gives us surprises. I thought all the while
that after undergoing treatment for breast cancer life
would never be the same again. But in what seemed
to be the lowest moment of my life, God gave me
the biggest break in my chosen profession-the
IATSS experience. And what a time to have itSPRING, the best season in Japan!
Undoubtedly, the exciting events that unfurled
during my stay in Japan will help me push frontiers
in the teaching profession in the Philippines that
will eventually redound to my helping my country
become a strong link in the chain of communities
under the ASEAN.
Thank God, I’m alive!
rd
For the great accomplishments of the 43 batch, worthy to be given credit are these
visionary fellows, Soichiro Honda and Takeo Fujisawa. Sirs, I salute you for bequeathing
to Asia's young men and women a pro-growth, pro-development training institute that has
become a worthwhile tradition-the IATSS Forum.
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Japan, Intensely.
José Edgardo Gomez, Jr.
Philippines
Part 1. Introduction
This report presents the overall experience of the author in the 2008 IATSS Forum held
from 7 April to 2 June, and simultaneously records the accomplishment of individual and
group tasks assigned to him throughout the duration of the program. As such, it is both a
narration of events as well as a source of feedback for the IATSS staff and future
participants.
This report lays out a chronological sequence of events, and highlights the key tasks
accomplished by the individual or team concerned in each one. However, the reader will
also find narrations of informal or experiential learning inserted that complement the
knowledge gained from the planned activities. It is anticipated that the same will offer a
more holistic and vibrant picture of the IATSS experience to the reader.
Part 2. Settling Down and Familiarization with the IATSS Facilities
(Day 0 to Day 1)
The Filipino participants were fortunate in having arrived a day earlier than the rest in
Nagoya airport on the 6th of April. After the hour-long delay caused by the fingerprinting
and eye-scan at the immigration counter, they were met by the Forum director, Mr. Akira
Haga, or Akira-san personally. This was the first experience which made an impact on me
as a participant, as I was both honored and a bit embarrassed to have been waited upon so
long by Akira-san. I immediately formed a favorable opinion of Akira-san’s patience. As
the hour was late, all the restaurants were already closed, and we had to settle for bento
box meals purchased at a nearby convenience store—which we ate in Akira-san’s room.
The cozy atmosphere of this enforced evening “picnic” gave us ample opportunity to
introduce ourselves and chat comfortably to Akira-san.
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After a light breakfast at of croissants and coffee the next day, we met Mr. Oba, or Tomosan, and helped to welcome the participants, who arrived in 2 batches, at 8:00 a.m. and and
8:30 a.m. respectively. Soon, a section of the airport was filled with our group exchanging
introductions: To and Meng from Cambodia, Thong and Net from Laos, Tay and Aey from
Thailand, Nantha and Sakura from Malaysia, Yayuk and Maria from Indonesia, Leslie and
Su from Singapore, Huyen and Tung from Vietnam, and James and Cho from Myanmar.
We boarded a bus, and headed for Suzuka.
The hotel-like accommodations at the IATSS Forum within the famous Suzuka Circuit
were quite impressive. We were given a facility tour, which revealed how the spotlessly
clean building was self-contained, having its own kitchen and dining area, library, prayer
room, phone booth, computer room, seminar hall, piano room, and all the equipment to go
with these places. This was my first close-up experience of Japanese attention to detail
and surroundings that seemed “high-tech” compared to those I had in my home country.
Such examples of this included the toilet with the electronic console and spray, the
flatscreen TV, mini-refrigerator and other amenities.
On the morning of the following day, we were given an orientation, and a box with—
among other things, the keys to our brand new individual bicycles, a road safety manual,
key information on housekeeping, vicinity maps, and the an umbrella. All these we had to
absorb in a relatively short span of time. Hence, I can assert that my accomplishment for
the first day was to orient myself to the functions and opportunities of the immediate
physical surroundings as well as the house rules that everyone had to learn.
Part 3. Gasshuku in Ise
The 43rd IATSS Batch arrived in the secluded Wel Sunpia Ise Resort in Ise city, where the
surroundings were conducive to the team-building activities that would follow, under the
direction of training consultant, Ms. Tomoko Seki. I believe that the site was well chosen,
as it was sufficiently isolated to keep us focused on team-building. From the start, it was
already apparent that the group was quite open to the experience, and there was enough
enthusiasm to plunge into the group activities that included group problem solving and
creative communication drills. I can say that I not only fully enjoyed, but also fully
participated in the games—
asserting my position as leader in
some cases, but learning too that
the talents of my teammates
could be better used at the
forefront for other situations.
Ms. Seki made it clear from the
beginning that we were to focus
on three areas: achieving the task,
building and maintaining the
team, and development and
satisfaction of the individual.
The overall theme was to have
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experiential learning, which was consistent with the learning pyramid framework, which
stresses that the effectiveness of learning and retention moves stepwise from simple
reading (visual) to doing (actual) to teaching (transmission). Hence, in situations where
one uses more senses to learn, the chances are higher that effective learning will take place.
Such a phenomenon explains why in school for example, the great irony is that teachers
learn the most.
There were several interesting activities that filled the 4 day sojourn in Ise, but I most
vividly recall the following:
(1) The Chocolate River and Marshmallow Game – this timed activity required us to cross
an expanse of grass (“the chocolate”) by planting discs on the ground to step on (“the
marshmallows”), and by stepping on the discs to form a linked human bridge across. At
no time could we leave any marshmallow untouched, nor could we step on the grass till
reaching the other side. This activity compelled the team to plan together. I was glad to
have made suggestions regarding the distance of the discs (following the leg-span of the
shortest member), and the anchoring of the line by the tallest people in the center. This was
our first successful engagement in a relatively straightforward teamwork challenge in
planning and execution, and was a great morale booster.
(2) The Tokyo Traffic Jam – this was the first task, which our subteam failed to complete,
though we learned much from the mental work that had to go into the problem solving.
Two rows of teams stepping on discs, with a free disc in between them had to change
places by advancing forward one person at a time to the other side. No passing of
teammates was allowed, and we often got stuck up in the middle of the transition. From
this activity, we learned that more serious mental preparation and problem solving would
sometimes have to be done by a team, in order to accomplish a complex task. However,
one other vital point that we learned was that our group was open-minded enough to allow
each member to try out his or her idea for the task, as we had several trials (including my
own), which is how we learned what not to do to solve the problem.
(3) The Rope Game – easily one of the
most memorable, the team was to walk
blindfolded and silent into a room to find
a rope, and form a triangle with it. Intense
and careful planning followed, and we
decided to go in as a single caterpillar line
until we found the rope within the given
time. We made a passable triangle, and
were
quite
pleased
with
our
accomplishment. For me, this was the
highlight of the 4-day experience, as it
emphasized how good planning and
communication beforehand can lead to
success even when a team moves into
unknown situations. I learned the value of putting together ideas from everyone.
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Part 4. End of the First Week: Opening
Ceremony & Introduction to Japanese Culture
After a brief rehearsal in the morning and additional
orientation, the members of the 43rd batch took part
in the formal opening ceremony for the 43rd IATSS
Forum.
I presented a 5 minute speech to the
audience on behalf of the other participants. In my
speech, I highlighted the fact that we had become
part of the 22-year old IATSS tradition, and that we
would therefore seek to contribute the best that we
could to development in our countries, using what
we learned. It was a generally successful ceremony,
in my opinion. Moreover, it was an opportunity for
us to meet our Japanese homestay parents, some of
whom were present in the audience. I myself met
Mrs. Ichimura and her young daughter, whom I
would be staying with the following weekend.
The gasshuku experience
was also an opportunity for
“informal” accomplishments,
within the group.
For
instance, we had our first
experience of the onsen hot
spring public bath. First of all,
bathing with the others
perhaps required dropping
some cultural taboos on
nudity learned from our
countries. But after this was
done,
we
experienced
enough
socializing,
that
helped bond the members of
our group more closely.
The following Sunday afternoon, the 43rd IATSS participants yet accomplished another
successful engagement—this time with the community members of Suzuka, who arrived to
present a performance, exhibition, and hands-on demonstrations of various aspects of
Japanese culture. I consider the social value of this event to be very high, as we were able
to start real friendships, or at least introduce ourselves in more personal ways to key
members. One surprising discovery for me was the fact that many of the citizens in
Suzuka had grown older in active participation with IATSS. For instance, Mr. Kachiura, a
friendly old man had hosted several participants in the past, including Filipinos. I also
learned for example, from Mr. Miyata, that Mie had a large Brazilian population,
descended from the job-seeking Japanese migrants who were welcomed by Brazil nearly a
century ago. This explained the Portuguese signage in the airport. We experienced a skit
on proper Japanese customs, we witnessed a woman being dressed in Kimono, we
observed a tea ceremony, played with Japanese toys, tried writing our names with
calligraphy brushes, and applauded a performance on huge wadaiko drums, that had been
hauled in just for the show. Arguably the best part was the finale, where we learned to
cook—and eat, okonomiyaki, a delicious pizza-like food, and we learned to roll sushi. My
favorite, maguro sashimi, was used as the stuffing, and so I heartily consumed at least ten
pieces!
Part 5: The Second Week – Lectures on Population and Politics
The lectures began in earnest this week, with myself volunteering as the first coordinator
for Mrs. Ikegami, our resource person on Population Issues. I believe that Mrs. Ikegami
was impressive and had much experience, because she was quite knowledgeable on the
subject, and was able to successfully show us that population concerns went far beyond
mere figures of growth or decline. Coming from a country with too rapid an increase of
young people, I was one of those surprised to learn that all countries of the world would be
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faced with the problem of ageing population by the year 2050. Moreover, population
questions involved such things as gender equality, education for all, migration, and
economic growth to match people’s needs.
The next module (2 sessions on
separate days) on Facilitation Skills
was particularly useful for me. In my
opinion, this was the most
reasonably-paced lesson. The lecturer,
Ms. Keiko Tsubaki, was able to
divide her topics into sections, and
gave us generous 15-minute breaks in
between sections. Particularly useful
for me were techniques like mindmapping, the use of “post-its” for
brainstorming (ideas for a question),
and the team thinking for the NASA
survival scenario exercise. I enjoyed
the last one, as it compelled us to use our scientific knowledge in making a team decision.
During the second day session, I was again quite happy as our group won the game which
required assembling a duplicate copy of a hidden LEGO figure. At the end of the session,
I shared with Ms. Tsubaki and everyone else that I learned that effective communication is
the key to success in facilitation and group consensus. It was also new to me to learn that
“a facilitator is not the necessarily the group leader.” Hence, I learned to relax and not
always take the lead. Lastly, I appreciated the fact that facilitation, like any skill, can be
learned until one does it flawlessly.
The first seminar on “Politics and Our Lives”, led by Professor Tsuboi, was my first
experience of a traditional Japanese lecturer. The venerable professor allowed us to take
up the first part of his lecture, as three countries presented their political systems and
situations. I was a placed a bit on the defensive as he posed challenging questions about
the Philippines. He asked why the development of the country was slow despite a good
start in the 50s and 60s. He also noted that low wage structures and control of lands by a
few political families contributed to the lack
of progress. I felt a bit sad about this reality,
but explained to him that land reform in my
country was making slow but sure progress,
and that young, intelligent leaders were
rising in some areas to deliver real results
and challenge the oligarchy.
Part 6: Meeting Community
Organizations – City Hall, the Police
Station, and the Honda Factory
I believe that this series of trips was very informative, though perhaps a little bit rushed
and superficial, as the officials involved were quite busy and did not have the luxury of
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time. In the Suzuka city hall, the mayor was a quiet, serious person. I asked him about
what is expected of him, and not surprisingly, he said that a “clear vision” and
accountability are needed—qualities also sought in other local chief executives I’ve met
around the world. What I found different, and a bit amusing for someone from a Third
World country like me, was the mayor’s concern with senior citizens’ wishes, as well as
maintaining Suzuka as a city open to foreigners. I realized how different the concerns of
Japan’s ageing society are in comparison to the basic struggles of a place like the
Philippines.
The next trip to the police station was interesting, even if short. Fortunately, the female
officers were pleasant when explaining their system and practices, after the police chief
had made his speech. It was interesting to note that their most common crime incident was
theft from cars.
Lastly, there was the trip to the Honda Factory in Suzuka, which was quite impressive for
me, as I saw how organized industrial production was—complete with the assistance of
high-tech robots that assembled the cars that would be later shipped overseas to countries
like mine. I was impressed by the seemingly tireless activity of workers—like ants, who
emphasized high-quality and problems solving. A memorable image for me was the view
of the white overalls worn by the workers—a truly egalitarian method of wearing uniforms,
so that rank would not constrain productivity on the factory floor. I think this practice is
admirable, because it enables employees to contribute ideas freely and to express
themselves politely as equals to others in their team.
Part 7: The Third Week: Enterprise Strategies and International Relations
The lecture by representatives of Family Mart was quite amusing, because the two
representatives seemed to know that they had to hold our attention during the sleepy hours
of the early afternoon. Fortunately, we started the session in an upbeat fashion, as each
participant presented a convenient food item or snack from his or her country. As we ate
some these items during the lecture, the group became quite animated and there were
smiles all around. In addition, the idea of a “game show” to answer for points was very
creative on the part of the Family Mart speakers. It became even more rewarding because
my group won!
For me, one of the most solid learning experiences here was the locational planning of
stores. This was highly relevant for me as an urban planner, because I thought that I could
make logical guesses on placement of such convenience stores, but turned out to be just as
ignorant as the others. Hence, I learned a great deal about how stores should not be placed
right after curves, nor at the top of inclines blocked by other buildings, nor competing with
the location of other stores of the same company.
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Part 8: Nara and Kyoto—Adventure in the Ancient Places of Japan
This was my favorite major visit in Japan—I loved the quiet beauty of Nara and Kyoto
better than Tokyo. The study tour to Nara and Kyoto enabled to me to experience firsthand day-to-day Japanese life, as well as to interact with the average Japanese man-on-thestreet. I was thus able to meet my objectives of seeing representative samples of life, both
in the temples, as well as around the midtown district. It was also a significant
accomplishment for me to go out as a foreigner and use the transportation system—which
turned out to be quite convenient.
The 1.5-day sojourn in Nara was perhaps my first hands-on experience of the beauty of
one of Japan’s ancient cities. The world heritage sites were impressive for a first-time
visitor like me, especially the massive
imperial temple on the second day. I was
particularly impressed by the organization
of gardens and buildings that seemed to
evoke a sense of serenity and contemplation
in the visitor. Of course, there was also the
amusing presence of the various tame deer
within the parks. This was obviously
another element that added to Nara’s charm.
On our first night there, we were able to
explore the souvenir street and interior of
Nara. Tung, Meng, and myself found an
excellent value-for-money Japanese restaurant with free rice refills! I had a full stomach
with my 580-Yen Kiddie Meal and flowing rice! Then we lost ourselves temporarily in the
interior, before making our way back to the hotel.
The next day, Kyoto was even more impressive, especially since we were finally given the
freedom to pursue our individual trip plans. I saw the Kinkakuji’s golden finery, the
Ryoanji’s magical zen garden, and the enchanted landscape of the Ginkakuji.
For me, one of the most valuable learning experiences in Kyoto was actually taking the
bus! This was my first time to travel in a strange city where I did not speak more than a
few phrases of the language. Fortunately, Kyoto is a very legible city, and I was armed
with good maps and busway charts. As I gained confidence in the predictability and ease
of the public transport system, I then decided to become more adventurous.
The highlight of my stay in Kyoto was my spontaneous adventure to the southeast outskirts,
where I visited the Fushimi Inari Shrine. The long, 30-minute intervals of the buses that
Sunday were worth the wait though, as I was finally able to see the place which featured
one of the most memorable scenes from the movie, Memoirs of a Geisha. In Fushimi Inari,
the orange pillars of the hundreds of archways that wind through the forest present an
unforgettable site. I was truly impressed by this place, and I was so happy that I dared
myself to go and see it. Incidentally, I was also able to visit Kyoto station en route, which
gave added value the experience.
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That evening, my companions and I (accompanied by Akira-san and Orie-san), capped the
day by attending the cultural performance at Gion Corner theater. Although the price of
3,150 Yen was a bit expensive, we were at least able to see the different cultural activities
of Japan performed, including the tea ceremony, the ikebana arrangement, the dance of the
maiko, the comedy, and the puppet play. I was particularly impressed by the cultural
dances of the maiko in full kimono. A sumptuous okonomiyaki dinner followed with
yakisoba in the enchanted Gion district.
Part 9: Budo and the Way of the Sword
This was arguably the best experience that I have had in Japan so far. I really enjoyed the
session because I confirmed a lot about
what I learned before as a practitioner of
martial arts beforehand.
Sensei
Alexander Bennett, Ph.D. was quite
articulate about how martial arts
developed, and he told us how peace
reigned in the Tokugawa period after the
Warring States were quelled, and
Japanese society became stratified, with
warriors at the top of the pyramid. He
narrated how legendary swordsmen like
Miyamoto Musashi found the path to
enlightenment and teaching others, with 3
main schools of swordsmanship emerging from his original okuden, or privileged school
for samurai apprentices.
Dr. Bennett also showed us how martial arts help you—
particularly Kendo, become more disciplined, courteous, and peaceful. Essentially, what
matters is conquest of self, and the use of zannshin, or follow through and constant
vigilance of body-mind-and-spirit as a framework for life. Martial arts help to deal with
what he called the four weaknesses of the heart.
The practical side was also good, as we learned the basic strikes to the men (head), kote,
and do (abdomen/flank), with sword knocking, and dodging with slice to the side. The
actual jousting was very exhilarating, and made me work up a sweat.
Part 10: OVOP and the Trip to the Toyota Museum at Nagoya
It was quite educational to learn how Oita prefecture in Japan started a movement that has
gained a following in the rest of Southeast Asia. Professor Adachi, who had a good
command of English, was able to clarify how necessity drove Japanese to explore novel
ways to stimulate the economy at the local level. I think that this idea is also applicable to
the Philippines, especially if a network of villages can be built in the more remote areas to
promote high-quality products that may eventually find their way into the world market.
On the other hand, I enjoyed the trip to Nagoya because of the chance to meet the pretty
female students. But first, the let me talk about the formal museum tour. The trip to the
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Toyota Commemorative museum served to further emphasize the important link between
necessity imposed by world conditions (impending war, oil price escalation, and
industrialization) and Japanese innovation and persistence. The story of Toyota’s
expansion from a textile company to one of the world’s leading automobile manufacturers
certainly taught us a lesson in single-minded purposeful action.
Afterwards, the trip through the various sites of Nagoya with very polite and
accommodating university students added value to our experience. I particularly enjoyed
the interaction as we (the students whose names I remember in our subgroup were Mayu,
Etsuko, Maiko, Yuki, Mae) strolled through the commercial Osu district, as many of the
students did their best to bridge the language barrier.
Part 11: The Educational System of Japan and Southeast Asia
I formed a positive opinion of post-World War II Japanese educational development
because of this lecture. A new lecturer, Ms. Yamada, gave us an interesting overview of
the development and current issues affecting the Japanese educational system. Apparently,
Japan had a long traditional system of teaching, up until the new regime was ushered in
after the war. The establishment of a Japanese Teacher’s Union helped to ensure good
compensation for teachers and the quality of education. Nowadays, however, this system
finds itself needing to adapt to technology and the changing times. Particularly relevant
for me was the group discussion where we compared our own educational systems in
Southeast Asia. I saw that the Philippines had slightly lower school finishing time,
although quality and workload was comparable to other areas.
Part 12: Industrial Development and Promotion
Although he was not completely magnetic as other professors, I appreciated the efforts of
the lecturer during this seminar. This lecture by the consultant Nakamine-san taught us
about the structure and frameworks employed by JBIC in its investment in the Kenyan
infrastructure development plan. Although I was familiar with many parts of the topic, the
more important lesson for me came from the country presentations. The one on Singapore
was particularly memorable, as it showed the intense preoccupation of this small islandstate with maintaining its lead as the international transshipment hub of Southeast Asia. It
was new to me to discover that Singapore planned to maintain its competitive edge with
state-of-the-art speedy ports, and to improve its educational and livelihood facilities.
Part 13: Environment and Sustainable Asia
In this lecture, the Philippine representatives were able to make another country
presentation, and were thus able to showcase the natural beauty of the Philippines as well
as the problems with garbage faced by the cities. Discussing this topic helped to broaden
my perspective about the interconnectedness of environmental concerns around Southeast
Asia—especially hose dealing with natural disasters. It also occurred to me that beyond
sustainability, there were cultural traditions in Asia wherein individuals and groups saw
themselves more as part of nature—and thus have treated nature with the corresponding
care that capitalist societies do not demonstrate.
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Part 14: Moku-Moku Farm
I truly enjoyed this experience—my first stay in an organic farm where I consumed the
freshest food (vegetarian dinner on the first evening) and learned how Moku-Moku
management and employees saw themselves as a self-contained, non-capitalist community
living the slow life and teaching others how to live it. This was therefore a hands-on
experience of real people trying to do modern living in a sustainable, and healthy
manner—a concept infrequently practiced in my own country, but which could gain many
adherents, as the health benefits are quite obvious.
Part 15: The Tokyo Visit and My 3-Hour Walk from Harajuku to Shiodome
At last, the culmination of our experiential learning took place in the capital of Nippon
itself—the high-tech city of the orient that never sleeps: Tokyo! For me the experience of
attending seminars and commuting Tokyo was, honestly, a bit overwhelming. Though the
metropolis itself boasts of the a diverse landscape where skyscrapers stand shoulder to
shoulder with temples, parks, and colorful commercial districts, I found that the reputation
of Tokyo as an expensive place was quite true in most cases. I was thus careful in
spending by few yen bills despite the temptations of Akihabara’s electronic paradise and
the wares of Ginza and Ueno. I found the safety of Tokyo’s streets to be an urban
dweller’s dream-come-true, and the public transportation system was also fairly reliable.
On my first free day, I toured the Miraikan, then after losing my way for an hour between
Toyosu and Shiomi, I finally made my way to the Sea Life Park to watch the school of
tuna and other sea creatures in their carefully-controlled aquaria. Then I proceeded to
Ueno to explore the National Museum and the Zoo, where I was amused by the seals and
the gorillas. The next rainy morning was spent in Tokyo Tower, after which I made my
way to Yoyogi Park and Harajuku to take a picture of the comically-clad punks there.
And then a crazy idea hit me: why don’t I walk across the width of Tokyo back to
Shiodome, just to explore the landscape? From a professional point of view (I’m an urban
planner), I was of course evaluating the legibility of the metropolitan urban design. So I
started walking in the rain. I followed only the main roads heading east towards Shiodome.
I went down the length of Omote-sando, where I enjoyed looking at the shops, then
somehow proceeded further east. Things were going well for the first hour or so until I
reached Roppongi. There, the signs on the streets no longer could be found on my tourist
map. So I went around and around without asking, and panic began to creep up my spine,
as the rain continued pouring, and as I glanced at my watch: almost 2:00! And we were
due back at 5:00. Then I began to look for the nearest metro, and finally found the Oedo
line at Azabu-Juban. But from there, suddenly, the mist parted briefly, and in the distance
I saw what looked like Tokyo Tower! And my heart leapt and I grew bold again! So I
continued walking east, following my nose towards the direction of the tower which was
now and again obscured by mist and rainclouds. At last, I reached the station of
Akabanebashi, near the south of Tokyo Tower, and from there I could regain my
morning’s path back to the hotel. I had been disoriented and wandering for almost an hour,
and the entire trip took about three (3) hours. But in the end, I was glad that I had walked
across Tokyo by foot. I could proudly say that I appreciate the capital as a pedestrian
tourist would. ***
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LEARNING AND LOVING EACH OTHER
Suraya Binte Ya’akub
Singapore
GASSYUKU OR TEAM BUILDING ACTIVITIES
Gassyuku or team building was when I could see understand each and every participant in
the 43rd IATSS Forum. It was a journey of self discovery and reflection and necessarily,
understanding and adapting into the dynamics of the group.
In my opinion, the learning point was that leadership is neither being forceful nor loud. It
is about being able to listen, empathise and negotiate for a compromise without being seen
as a leader. Wow! That’s a challenge! All of the participants are leaders in their own right
but who wants to lead us?
Listening is hard to do when I am a leader myself. Moreover, I listened every day and
tried to understand each other’s accents and context that they are representing. It is
challenging to listen and not have a disagreement with the speaker. I reflected upon my
communication skills and spoke slowly, clearly and hopefully logically. I wonder if the
others do the same?
Coming together to confirm on the group’s logo and motto was a challenging task. We
were almost brain dead and creative juices were running low. Yet, we persevered and
settled on the motto ‘ Love and Learn Together’. As for the logo, we tried to compromise
everyone’s idea and with Maria from Indonesia’s expertise we crafted a unique logo which
everyone could agree. Phew! Let’s learn and love together everyone!
SEMINAR 01 : POLITICAL SYSTEM
I have waited for the seminar to begin since the first day I stepped into Suzuka Circuit
Hotel. The political system presentations done by Malaysia, Myanmar and Philippines
were informative and insightful. I reflected upon the ASEAN situation currently.
Most of the ASEAN members have culturally and historically the same roots, but the
colonization days made us different politically.
For example, the Philippines has some American influence, the rest of the ASEAN
countries have British traits in them.
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However, I was rather disappointed by the lecture. I was anticipating the lecture to follow
the course syllabus, but to my dismay, a portion was not described in the syllabus.
Moreover, I learnt about the Japanese royal family and their influences over the political
system in Japan before and after the World War 2.
SEMINAR 2 : ENTERPRISE STRATEGIES
Mr. Mitsuyoshi Harada, a General Manager of Family Mart. was a funny man. My first
impression was the total opposite. He looked serious and I thought he looked like a
television super star rather than a general manager.
While speaking in Japanese and translated by Ms Tomoko Yoneya, I could understand the
strategies used. I felt it had ‘budo’ like strategy. Swift and effective strategies were used.
Winning and profit making were not the main objectives but making their presence felt in
the Japanese home was more important.
We had a workshop about location strategy and marketing. We were sent to study the
location, the human resource and product presentation in the Family Mart convenient store
assigned to each study group.
My group and I studied a store which seemed did not have many customers. At a nearby
turn, there was also another Family Mart which was busy. However, we learnt that it was
the Family Mart’s strategy to net customers from their near by competitor. Their
competitor was sandwiched between 2 Family Mart stores.
In my opinion, let the best player win!
SEMINAR 3 : DIPLOMATIC POLICY
The lecturer, Professor Satoshi Morimoto provided a new perspective of politics and
diplomatic relations between countries especially in the ASEAN context.
Singapore's economy is so sensitive to changes in the world especially the US, UK and
also Japan economies. Therefore, open diplomatic relations as well as economies with
them is important for Singapore's survival.
I realized how important such forums like
IATSS Forum, assist to establish understanding
and hopefully establish future relations between
ASEAN countries. If understanding and
tolerance can be forged between countries, a
pricey war would not take place as the lessons
from World War 2 were priceless.
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SEMINAR 4 : INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
The setting of this lecture was phenomenal Hotel Kyoto Ranzan at the Arashiyama,Kyoto
had mountains and lakes which were breathtaking but nothing could take away from our
thoughts and opinions about future collaboration between countries involving Japan and
ASEAN.
Our Professor Tsutomu Mizota was engaging. I could see his mind alive and full with
knowledge and yet he was humble and funny.
We talked about ODA – Official Development Assistance initiate by Japan since the 1980s.
Regionally, Japan has been giving ODA to countries like The Philippines, Indonesia,
Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, Malaysia and even Singapore too. ASEAN
countries have been proposing to them to give them financial assistance in terms of grants
and loans which many countries are still indebted till today. Technological assistance is
also given from ODA.
The only concern that I have about ODA is that it creates a dependent towards it. The
motive of ODA was to help create a sustainable and practical country to survive on its own
hand and feet. However, from the discussions that I have with several participants, when it
comes to the topic of financing, 'ODA' is almost always mentioned.
I believe that external assistance is usually the last thing that someone could ask from. An
individual or community should be self reliant and try all means to generate income from
its own environment. External assistance like ODA should be a last resort if not second. I
speak from my experience with Singapore International Foundation and saw the vices of
external help given from Singaporeans to some communities in need. I think that some
communities will eventually be in need due to its mentality developed by dependence on
external financial aid.
However, I speak from my own observation and chats with my fellow participants as well
as my experience as a project facilitator and observer. I am from a country that also had
international aid to build its independence, financially and diplomatically.
SEMINAR 5 : JAPANESE CULTURE – JAPANESE BUDO : THE MARTIAL
WAYS OF JAPAN
‘Samurai, ninja, shoguns’ these words are synonymous with Japan's medieval past. I had
always been fascinated by Richard Chamberlain's film, ‘Shogun’ since young but I never
ever imagined to be in a room with a Caucasian Kendo practitioner who was in love with
‘Budo’. His name is Dr Alexander Benette. He was our lecturer.
His lecture taught us his perspective of the Japanese ‘Budo’. His lecture was given in a
tongue in cheek manner. I liked it.
What remained with me at the end of the day were the words 'Zanshin'. In my own
interpretation, it meant that being mindful and aware of our surroundings and environment
is important as it helps us to ask questions and be self empowered.
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Personally, I lacked 'Zanshin' and it could be seen in my Kendo skills. Yes! I am proud to
say that I did some basic Kendo. The etiquette, the techniques and even the scoring and
judging systems are philosophical. Kendo is almost a way of life for Dr Benette.
I had fun practising basic Kendo skills. I came back with sore arms, shoulders and wrists
which healed two weeks later. I had a short video clip which showed me bashing Cho from
Myanmar. It was funny as we were both tired from chasing each other around the room.
I am glad I did some basic Kendo as it proved to me that I am still imperfect human being.
SEMINAR 6 : ONE VILLAGE ONE PRODUCT (OVOP)
Before I arrived to the IATSS Forum, I was totally clueless about OVOP because there
was no OVOP Movement in Singapore. My partner Leslie and I had such a hard time
scouting for a product which could be OVOP potential. At last, we had none.
I came to lecture and saw OVOP movement countries with their OVOP products.. I was
amazed at the collection. Our lecturer, Professor Fumihiko Adachi, an IATSS Forum
veteran, the OVOP products and their quality gets better each year.
At the end of the country presentations, I learnt what OVOP Movement stands for. To me,
it meant Our Village, Our Products. It was the pride and joy of the villages that were once
financially deep in debt but bounced on their feet with village empowerment and later,
financial stability and sustenance.
OVOP movement does not mean solely from a village, but a collaboration of many
villages too. The objective is not to earn profits but to earn a living through honest means.
At the end of the day, self respect and pride is the intangible product of OVOP movement.
In my own opinion, ODA and OVOP should go hand in hand, so that it would not only
financially assist a community but also assist a community to earn self respect through a
decent living.
SEMINAR 7 ; EDUCATION
Here is my favourite topic!! Leslie and I presented on behalf of Singapore.
There are so many elements about Singapore' education system which many ASEAN
students want to be part of. However, the Singapore Government has done so much
marketing about the best of the best in Singapore, the not so best parts of Singapore's
education system is yet to be seen.
I believe that the education in Singapore is a human resource training centre for
Singapore's future economy. Singapore relies on her people to make her grow. Therefore,
her people cannot be less than the best.
The participants asked thought provoking questions about the education system in
Singapore. With little knowledge we had, we did our best in answering them.
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Nevertheless, the latest changes in the education were good moves towards an inclusive
society. Changes are still happening to educate the society to include people with different
disabilities.
In my opinion, education is not only 'reading, writing and arithmetic but also education for
the soul.
SEMINAR 8: DEVELOMENT AND INDUSTRIAL PROMOTION
Here is my chance to be Seminar Coordinator! I prepared my closing speech with a quote
and dressed up for the occasion. I had the honour of making our lecturer, Mr Yoshio
Nagamine feel at home with the rest of the participants. He was a humble man who had so
many diverse interests.
The Team Singapore was asked to present on their point of view about Singapore's
Economic development and industrial promotion. We kept it short and simple.
While doing this presentation, I realised that Singapore was heavily reliant on her people to
prosper. The government body in charge of industrial promotion was Economic
Development Board and International Enterprise. They were the salesmen of Singapore,
attracting foreign businesses and talent into this tiny island. There wasn't Sir Stamford
Raffles to negotiate on behalf of Singapore. Singaporeans had to welcome foreigners with
open arms and hope the economy would be better with the foreign talents living and
working here.
Industrial promotion leads to development of an economy but how about investing and
promoting the sense of belonging and pride in Singapore? Much has to be done about
that!!
SEMINAR 9 : ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE ASIA
In my opinion, a sustainable environment is the key objective now. Without the
environment, humans are unable to live or work.
The debate about industrialization and urbanization versus environment conservation has
been going on for the longest time. The key was to balance all the elements of
industrialization, urbanization, conservation and practical planning. Again the question of
‘how’ comes into mind.
Yes! Urban and rural planning has to justify the existence of all the abovementioned
elements. Most importantly, I have to aware of my own actions which cause destruction of
the environment. Being aware is good but to monitor my actions is a conscious task.
Maybe if I practise 'zanshin' I am able to monitor my actions and conserve the environment.
SEMINAR 10 : SUSTAINABLE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS
The Moku Moku farm was our seminar location. Our lecturer, Professor Shigeru
Fukushima talked about balancing the environment suitable for living as well as retiring.
The rural area must be appealing for the city dwellers who want to lead a slow life there
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and the city people must be accessible to the people in the rural areas. Conscientious
efforts must be made to divide the space for living, working, cultural and societal leisure
and environment conservation.
From the Tanba Region example, I believe that it could be done. For example, Singapore
is such an urbanized island that it is hard to believe that town planning is done to it. When
I see the town planning of Tanba Region, I see similar patterns to it. There is structure and
concerted efforts to make the environment green and family friendly.
The Japanese believe that Earth, Environment and Man are ONE. Therefore, when the
balance is not met, destruction and calamities will occur. Therefore, urban and rural
planning is not only done by the professionals, but anyone can initiate environment
planning as well.
HOMESTAY : A HOME far away from HOME
The Mizuno family was my family for 2 days. For 2 days, I felt at home with them.
During my homestay, I understood the Japanese family culture. A working husband is
someone to be proud of, especially if he works late and contributes to the employer and
society. Mr Takehiro works from 8am to 10pm almost everyday. His wife does not work
but contributes to the society through volunteer work in the Hippo Family Club and
making plans to set up a baking school.
Mrs Naomi Mizuno goes to the Hippo Family Club Headquarters in Nagoya every Monday
to attend a meeting. In between those hours, their 4 year old son, Takahiro goes to a near
by kindergarten from 8am to 3pm.
I observed that Mrs Mizuno loves traditions like tea ceremony, putting on the kimono and
baking. She is very good in almost everything she does!
Knowledge building is very much their family culture. Through the Hippo Family Club
membership, they learn 7 different languages through listening to CDs. There are about 20
CDs filled with 7 languages spoken in different context and environments. Most
astonishingly, the Mizuno family could recite most 7 languages by heart!
Mr Mizuno believes in the word ‘Gambatte’ which means ‘fight every challenge’ in
Japanese. He encourages me to face every challenge I face during the Forum with a
positive attitude and hard work.
Moreover, Mrs Mizuno’s and my mother’s birthday are close. Surprisingly, their son’s
birthday and mine are a few days apart. We planned to celebrate our birthdays before I
leave for Singapore in June 2008.
I have never felt so close to a family of strangers before!
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FACILITATION SKILLS 1 & 2
In my opinion, facilitation is new age teaching, which empowers a group of individuals to
move or gear towards an objective. I was introduced to facilitation skills when I was
volunteering at Singapore International Foundation. I saw how good facilitators are able to
move and synergize a group of challenging individuals think, work and move together.
I had taken a course of facilitation skills and facilitated the Project Prajna in India in 2003.
I tried to use these skills in my teaching as well as media production planning and
strategising.
Ms Tsubaki's facilitation is not entirely new to me. Most of her ideas are refreshing, even
though most of the objectives are the same. She facilitated us so effortlessly that
sometimes I felt that we were under her spell!
Moreover, my facilitation skills were put to a test. I was asked to facilitate my group. I am
a very unwilling facilitator even though I know I can do it well. This task proved to be a
challenge to me. After I was appointed, I spent some time alone to do some planning and
visualization exercises.
Before facilitation, I was rather nervous. I think I started rather fast and I spoke fast too.
Then I collected myself again on the second half of the discussion and facilitated the way
that I visualized it.
I think I did a good job and surprisingly, many of the facilitators did too. I thanked my
group members who were supportive and participated actively during the discussion. In
my opinion, the effectiveness of the facilitator is sometimes determined by their group
members’ willingness to cooperate. Therefore, mutual respect is earned.
GROUP STUDY : ROKUNIN NO HARMONY
I am part of a group of six members which consisted of Jed from the Philippines, Maria
from Indonesia, Meng from Cambodia, Tung from Vietnam and Cho from Myanmar. Our
group has many strengths as well as challenges.
We agreed to focus on ‘Migration : The problems and solutions”. However, due to the
various background and agenda that we have, we are not able to analyse the problems yet.
The most challenging moment for me was to narrow our focus to an objective which we
can accomplish immediately and provide sustenance for a community. We had already
decided to use an Indonesian village as a case study but could not find a suitable village.
Maria from Indonesia led the search for the village where I continued to streamline our
thoughts.
It was exhaustive but fun with the rest of the team members so 'genki' or excited to move
on. We had squabbles but I took in my stride. After 2 hours of facilitation, I was tired. I
was trying to listen to everyone and analyse their opinions before I could write it on the
board.
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At the end of the day, I am glad that I have streamlined everyone's ideas to focus on an
objective rather than think and plan in a big way.
INDIVIDUAL PLAN 01 : KYOTO
Yeah! My individual plan to Kyoto has been approved by Oba san! I can’t wait to get to
Kyoto and discover its history, art and people. I am going to Gion area, where the ‘geisha’
art and culture once thrive before World War 2.
So much has been said about the ‘geishas’ that I must witness one myself.
I am not a very good map reader. I looked at the map and started to orientate the directions
according to the position of Horikawa Inn, our accommodation. I somehow walked to the
direction of Sanjo Street, hoping to find Oike Street. After 10 minutes of walking I got
lost!
Getting lost on the first day was eventful. Firstly, I bumped into places which were my
favourite haunts from my previous visits to Japan like 100 yen shop, Seiyu and Muji. I
came across these shops in Sanjo Street which was covered market street. I was such a
happy tourist!
Another eventful incident was I could not find Leslie, my Singapore partner. We were
supposed to meet between 11 to 11.30am. I arrived at the Museum of Kyoto at 1130am
but he was no where in sight. I sat down at McDonalds and enjoyed my first fast food meal
in 3 weeks!
Too tired to do anything in the afternoon, I headed back to the hotel to rejuvenate. I
discovered Leslie was back in the hotel too. At last, I found him!
On the second day of the individual plan day, Leslie, Maria from Indonesia and I went to
Movieland. On the way to Movieland, I fell on the road. I scratched my knee but it did not
bleed. I was in shocked but thankful that nothing else happened besides the scratches. We
continued our way to Movieland as usual.
Movieland was formerly a television and film studio set, similar to Singapore's now
defunct Tuas studio. We took photos at every corner of the location. It was hysterically
funny! We pretended to be innkeepers, geishas, ninjas and court judges.
At the end of the Kyoto trip, I felt sad. I love Kyoto and
her people. It is such a liveable city! The people made
my lost and found incident eventful as they tried their
best to help me find my way.
However, I think I found my way into Kyoto's heart.
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INDIVIDUAL PLAN 02 : TOKYO
This was my second visit to Tokyo. As I put my feet into the Shinkansen, no one can stop
the Tokyo Drift black cloaked professionals into my path!
Tokyo is still busy as it was when I first saw her in 1999. The black cloaked working class
versus the colourful young. The traditional kimono clad elderly versus the spiky haired
men and scantily clad women. Tokyo is the city of extremism and contrast, in my opinion.
I felt at home. Getting around is relatively easy when you read the direction boards in its
subway stations. I did not get lost!
I planned to visit several museums in Tokyo. The first was the Museum of Nature and
Science. The amount of exhibits was huge. There was everything from interactive panels
for children to informative boards for adults. However, I was dismayed by the lack of
English written information. I could see that the Japanese written information board was
extensive but not so for the English written ones.
Then, I went to The Edo Tokyo Museum. I love this place! It was full of information about
the Edo- Tokyo Period which I studied many years before. There was also a room full of
Contemporary Tokyo fashion designer, Kansai Yamamoto who choreographed many
‘Super’ concerts with his flamboyant costumes and ‘Cirque de Soleil’ acts.
Again, I have to emphasize that Tokyo is the city of extremes!
STUDY TOURS
1, MOKU MOKU FARM
I love the Moku Moku Farm stay!! I wish it was longer stay. Maria
and I were room mates and we stayed in a Strawberry Shortcake
house. It was so much alike the doll house which my mother gave
when I was a girl. It was a cosy home!
We met Mr Kimura, the President of the Moku Moku Farm. At first, I thought he was
fierce man but as soon as he spoke, his face became gentle but fiery when he spoke about
Moku Moku Farm's objective.
I was inspired to hear that there was no business owner in the farm. Mr Kimura had
worked with Japanese Agricultural Cooperative (JAC). He left JAC to set up Moku Moku
Farm with several farmers who could join income and resources to be a one stop centre for
producing, processing and selling home made products. I was appalled to hear that despite
the capitalistic economy of Japan, his cooperative efforts with the other farmers were
rather socialistic. Mr Kimura continued to say that Moku Moku farm's objectives were not
to make profits but provide the best for their consumers within the 2 km radius of the farm.
For example, he did not expand any of Moku Moku restaurants in Tokyo, despite requests.
Also, Mr Kimura's objective was to educate the young about their food. He set up farm
stays so that families can get away from the cities conveniently and let their children
explore the farm! The sights, the smell, the sounds experienced by the children will be
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embedded in their minds as well as it heightens their curiousity about the world! As an
educator, I believe this would be an unforgettable experiential learning experience for the
children.
It was a good visit. I saw that agricultural and rural living can co exist with urbanization
and industrialization. Life is slow at the farm but yet the knowledge acquired is as
important as knowledge know - how in an industrial sector for example car industry.
Who knows in the near future, I would set up my own children's animal farm and my
husband would grow his favourite vegetables and live in a Strawberry Shortcake- like
house?
2, THE TOYOTA MUSEUM
If you are wondering what reverse engineering is all about, do not fail to visit Toyota
Museum. You will be awed by a man's intelligence to evolve from the textile industry to
the automobile industry in the 1930s.
The Toyoda family was a rich textile and weaving factory which produced weaving and
spinning machines which revolutionised the industry. It had the machinery and tools but
no one had the idea on how to produce cars!!
Toyoda and the engineers decided to peel the car part by part and put them together. Just
like how we put a 1000 piece puzzle together. They studied every part of the car in detail
and produced the exact copy of each part. However, Toyoda and his team did not only
produce an exact copy of the car, but also made the engines better and efficient.
The impact which this visit gives me is still lingering in my mind and heart. I am grateful
that we, humans have intelligence. But what happens when intelligence becomes a curse?
Do take a look at the effects on the environment caused by human intelligence.
CONCLUSION
At the end of my IATSS Forum, I understand that I cannot change the world, but I can
initiate small changes which will affect the future. I am in a good position to start changes,
as I am more aware of my existence as a daughter, wife, mother and teacher. Thank you,
IATSS FORUM for making me a better human being.
My Japanese world is in
my soy sauce bottle!
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Friendship and Leadership at the IATSS Forum
Tey Len Huat Leslie
Singapore
1. Introduction
Coming to the IATSS forum has been a life changing experience for me. My first
encounter with IATSS was through my school director, who greatly encouraged me
throughout my application. My sincere gratitude goes out to her for supporting and guiding
me for no words can ever express my appreciation.
For me, Japan has always been a mystical place. Not one of delicious raw fish or finelooking beef that had been fed on beer and wonderfully massaged but one that signified a
society that was able to modernize itself “quickly” to escape the clutches of colonialism
and subsequently be able to defeat an advanced Western power.
Today, she stands as an industrialized country and an economic powerhouse that is a
beacon of light for other aspiring developing nations throughout the world. She extends her
arms to all those who are willing to accept her aid and extols philosophies, which in my
opinion is the ability to assimilate and adapt foreign influences to its worldview. And my
entire learning experience at the IATSS Forum has been guided by this standpoint.
2. Gasshuku Experience
My first experience at IATSS is that of Gasshuku, a
four-day team-building event that was conducted in
the city of Ise. In my opinion, the building of team
spirit stands at the very heart of the Japanese approach
to work. Perhaps it is not too ludicrous to think that
their key to building such a cohesive society is based
on nation-wide Gasshuku to some extent?
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With the building of good rapport among a group of people as a foundation,
communication and understanding will follow much easily. In this regard, it is thus very
apt to conduct team-building before starting on the programme proper at IATSS. No where
else had I been able to know some many people in such a short span of time as my
experience during this team-building exercise with IATSS forum.
One interesting aspect of team-building Japanese style
is that of nominucation, a combination of the Japanese
word to drink (nomimasu) and communication. This
activity was carried out every evening at room number
201 with the sole purpose being for the participants and
staff to relax and unwind after a hard day’s work. But,
the importance underlying it was to continue building
rapport and understanding in an informal atmosphere.
Throughout the team-building exercise, I cannot but help sense the forum staff’s
meticulous approach and attention to detail. Each day’s schedule was systematically
planned and the timings assigned strictly adhered to. Another point of note was that of
politeness. Despite being under the constant pressure of time, each staff member was
always ready with a smile. Perhaps this is in keeping with the maintenance of harmony that
has become symbolic of Japan?
3. Population Theme Lecture
Population theme lecture was conducted by Ms Kiyoko
Ikegami, Director of United Nations Population Fund
(Tokyo Office). In my view, she is an outstanding lady
who has a wealth of experience with a good grasp of the
issues at hand.
During this lecture, the IATSS forum participants were
given a good introduction to the various United Nation
agencies as well as how these agencies interact and work
with each other. The various agencies covered include the Economic and Social Council
(ECOSCO), the Human Rights Council, the Security Council and the United Nations
General Assembly (UNGA), which is the United Nations (UN) legislative body. The
International Court of Justice (ICJ), which Singaporeans are all too familiar with because
of an outcrop of rocks called Pedra Branca, is the judiciarial arm of the UN.
Ms Ikegami also covered during this lecture the drafting of project trees and proposal
writing to gain funding for grassroots projects. This was to form the basis of our
subsequent group study projects at the IATSS forum. Ms Ikegami also enlightened us on
the political and cultural perspectives with which to view population issues in general.
The second session of the population theme lecture touched on Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs). In September 2000, world leaders met at the United
Nations Millennium Summit and agreed to a set of time bound and measurable
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targets. These goals include eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, achieving
universal primary education, promoting gender equality and empowering women,
reducing child mortality, improving maternal health, combating Human
Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) / Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDs),
malaria and other diseases, ensuring environmental sustainability, and developing a
global partnership for development and are now called the MDGs.
There was also a opportunity to role play the actual administering of grants and how the
responsibilities of implementation would be executed between a country’s executive
agency, the UNFPA and a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO). I guess the important
lesson at the end of this role play was to get a sense of how the various parties should come
to together to achieve certain goals set out as well as
importantly for us to understand the various
positions each individual party may adopt when
trying to achieve this same objective.
Ms Ikegami’s advice at the end of the population
theme lecture was to consider the sustainability of
our projects and to think critically on who has the
expertise and try where possible to maintain
transparency for that end.
4. Leadership at the IATSS Forum
Professor Hideyuki Kita, Chairman of the IATSS Forum Programme Committee, shared
with us on the objectives and leadership at the IATSS Forum. In his opinion, leadership
entails accepting diverse backgrounds, being conscious of human relations as well as
facilitating groups by drawing out ideas, knowledge and skills of individual group
members. As such he defines a leader as someone who can maximize the group’s potential
in working to achieve those goals. In the same light, leadership then is the ability to
maximize the group’s full potential in achieving goals, leaving nothing unused.
He then went on to give a example on the setting of bus schedules for a community. In the
West, the “best” schedule would be one where it is the best time for majority of the people.
On the other hand, the best bus schedule in Japan would be the most appropriate schedule
for everyone as opposed to the individual.
Therein lies the IATSS and possibly Japan’s difference in nurturing future leaders, which
entails the skilful combination of local indigenous ideas with external influences. The crux
lies in synthesizing and reinterpreting its own original culture, in light of foreign influences,
into a multi-layered form.
In this regard, Professor Kita said that Japan’s culture is pluralistic and flexible. In his
opinion, Japan has a spirit that did not confine itself to the inner world, but opened to the
outer world. However, he cautioned that it was important to retain important aspects of the
indigenous culture and spirit while remaining open to foreign influences.
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As such, the IATSS forum seeks open minds that are curious to understand things that are
different. Professor Kita then went on to explain Japan’s experience of importing and
absorbing both east and west ideas to construct a unique system that suits Japan’s needs.
Professor Kita explained that the power of groups
exceeds the simple sum of the power of its
constituent individuals. He then went on to give
three examples on the power of groups.
The first example was The Three Arrows Power
(Mori Motonari, 16th Century), where bundling
three arrows together makes them more than three
times stronger than three single arrows. The second
was from The Counsel of Three, where three people
putting their heads together can produce wisdom no par with that of the Bodhisattva Monju.
In Mahayana traditions throughout Asia, Monju is the personification of the Buddha's
teachings, and as such Monju symbolizes wisdom and an enlightened mind. Monju is also
considered the wisest of the Bodhisattva (meaning enlightened – bodhi and existence sattva), and thus acts as the expounder of Buddhist Law. The third and final example is the
Bucket Brigade, where a bucket brigade enables faster conveying of more water than if
each individual ran with his own bucket.
Professor Kita also rationalized on the power of questions. He felt that questions are an
element of methodological skepticism and should be encouraged. It was important for
leaders to query what led to a given result or why certain choices or approaches were
selected?
My main takeaway from this session is two-fold. The first is the importance of leadership,
which is to utilize the full potential of each and every member of the group in achieving its
stated goal. Like with our hands, we have different lengths and characteristics for each of
our five fingers. When considered separately, many may actually argue about which is the
most valuable finger. However, the full capability of that hand will be lessened without
anyone of these five fingers. As such, all fingers serve different functions and contribute to
overall use of that hand.
The second is the importance of identity. As evident in the experience of Japan and its
drive towards modernization, she absorbed eclectically external ideas that suited her needs
but never disregarded the fundamental principles on which her society was founded. That
constituted her identity. As such, as people are dynamic in interpreting and reinterpreting
themselves, perhaps it is equally important to remain true to certain ideals you hold true to
yourself.
5. Homestay in Yokkaichi
My homestay programme with IATSS was with the Akaeda family in Yokkaichi City, Mie
Prefecture. Yokkaichi City is the largest city in the Mie Prefecture in terms of population.
This was largely driven by the large number of industrial factories that are located in that
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city. In fact, my homestay father, Mr. Toru Akaeda, used to be an engineer with Mitsubishi
Chemicals, which has a large plant located in that city. Originally from Okayama
prefecture, he relocated to Yokkaichi because of work commitments.
Home is a modern two storey house, thoroughly well-equipped with modern conveniences.
In fact, the only traditional room is a side room near the living room that has tatami mats.
Every room in that house had Western style beds and came equipped with modern toilets.
My host family consists of my host father, host mother and a teenage son. Their teenage
son, Shinichi, is presently a lanky teenager who is polite and always smiling. Shinichi
attends a private school in Tsu City, the capital city of Mie Prefecture. His hobbies include
basketball and I am glad that he will be coming to Singapore in the later part of this year.
My host family is well-traveled and their recent
family trips overseas include South Korea as well
as Yellow Knife in Canada. In fact, Shinichi
recently went to Russia on a exchange
programme. They have also received many
homestay guests before me and they include
participants from Tunisia, Lao PDR, Myanmar,
and Indonesia.
My host mother, Ms Kaori Akaeda, is a
pharmacist and works in a clinic in front of
Yokkaichi City Hospital. She is a very pleasant lady and speaks good English. She is also
conversant in Chinese, Korean as well as Spanish.
During my homestay, my host family brought me to visit Tsubaki Shrine. There was a
serene and calm air about the shrine which is indescribable, something which you can
experience only by being there. The most I can describe is that I was at peace with myself
when I was there.
Thereafter, we went grocery shopping at Jusco, a large shopping centre in Yokkaichi.
Dinner that evening was with family friends, and there were two ladies who worked with
together with my host mother and a gentleman who used to work with my host father in
Mitsubishi Chemicals.
Throughout the dinner, the warmth of care and friendship was ever present. Everyone was
eager to share about their culture as well as their experiences. I also felt that they were very
thoughtful people as my host family had bought Suzuka sake for that evening. Suzuka sake
was meaningful because the IATSS Forum Chairman, Dr Yasuhei Oguchi, had mentioned
during the opening ceremony that Suzuka sake would be instrumental in forging close ties
and was special in many ways. Dr Oguchi then declined to explain what he meant by
special but said that for this, you would have to find out by tasting it yourself.
My host mother also bought a cake that evening to celebrate my introduction to the Akaeda
family. The cake was very special because it had my name as well as the Singapore and
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Japan flags. It was indeed a memorable desert for that evening. The evening then
concluded at an Izakaya (local pub) near Yokkaichi train station until the wee hours of the
next morning.
The second day began with a calligraphy
session while my host mother prepared a
Western style breakfast yogurt, bread and
salad breakfast. My impression of my host
family was that they are modern and
progressive people yet they are very in tuned
with their culture and roots.
Later that morning, we set out to Nagoya city,
two hours drive from Yokkaichi City. We had
a Sukiyaki lunch that afternoon with my host
mother’s parents. It was indeed very delicious and evoked a strong feeling of home for me
as I sat there. I guess after being in Japan for three weeks, home had beckoned to me. I was
also deeply struck by how close relations were among my host parents and their
grandparents. They spoke like old friends, cooking the morsels of food and joking between
them.
Thereafter, we went to Nagoya castle. Nagoya castle was “sacred” to my host parents as
my host father had first met my host mother there during spring when the cheery blossoms
(sakura) were in full bloom. It must have been love at first sight when their eyes met with
the wind blowing and the cherry blossoms twirling in the air.
On a separate note, I observed that throughout our excursions, my host mother was always
very encouraging and positive although I am sure it was difficult for her. My host father
suffered from a stroke when he was thirty-three. He lost the use of his left arm and has
difficulty walking. However, my host mother was always by his side, gently saying words
of encouragement such as ganbatte and daijobu. To me, this was most heart warming as
similarly my father suffered two strokes and am paralyzed on his left side.
On a lighter note, my host grandmother was equally thoughtful and kind to me. During one
occasion, when they asked me what I had intended to buy as a souvenir for my wife, I
mentioned a yukata. On reaching home, my host grandmother immediately searched for a
yukata and gave it to me as a present. I was deeply touched and remain indebted to her
kindness.
My homestay with my host family was indeed a very memorable experience and one
which I will always remember at the bottom of my heart for their thoughtfulness, warmth
and friendship. I sincerely wish them the best and may our paths cross again in the near
future. Also, I will pray that my host father will remain positive, go regularly for his
rehabilitation and regain the use of his limbs.
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6. My Inspiration from Lao PDR
For this section, I would like to discuss about my
fellow participant, Net, from Lao PDR. Net was one
of my room mates during Gasshukku and for many
evenings after the grueling team building sessions,
we were fortunate enough to share close
conversations.
During these conversations, we talked much about
our families, lives and many other frivolous things.
But the important point I wish to highlight was that
of perseverance.
One of our conversations involved a particular exercise where participants had to sit on the
floor and attempt to get up together with the help of others. This exercise was done first
with two people, and then four until the entire group of eighteen people had to sit in a
circle and attempt to get up together, using each other’s strength.
Net raised the idea of the past exercise when two people sat together facing each other. He
felt that perhaps it would be easier if we sat face to face, in twos and in a straight row,
rather than in one large circle. Twice he mentioned that idea but no one listened. Until
everyone was exhausted, he raised this idea again and that was the solution to our exercise.
This immediately brought to mind that perhaps once people were fixated on something,
they became dogmatic and difficult to change. Also, I cannot deny that perhaps the timing
of when to propose solutions was important, especially in a group of people who were very
confident and eager leaders.
That night, we spoke about our experiences with that exercise. Perhaps many of us have
gone on so far till we have forgotten our past? Perhaps revisiting the basics can help in
solving many of today’s present problems? That night we had many questions but few
answers we can comfortably answer. Perhaps we had one sake too many?
On another occasion, Net recounted that his favorite animal
was the buffalo. He related how he had been lazy when he was
younger, but now he strives to be “hardworking” and true to his
words, I was most impressed when I regularly saw him hard at
work each morning, either typing out his notes or working on
an upcoming presentation. That sight of him crouched over his
laptop in the early morning will never escape my memory and
will remain an inspiration for me to be just as “hardworking” as
him.
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I will always remember his perseverance in raising the solution to that “difficult” problem
of trying to stand up with a group of eighteen people. Perhaps revisiting the past would not
always be a futile exercise, it was such a simple concept but seemingly so easy to forget.
7. Group Study with Smooth B
My group consists of David from Cambodia,
Yayuk from Indonesia, Thong from Lao, Sakura
from Malaysia, Tai from Thailand, and myself. I
had initial misgivings when I heard the
assignments for the group study group because I
did not know many of the members from the start.
However, my experience after the first few
sessions changed 180 degrees and I was thankful
that I had joined this group because true to our
group name Smooth B, the process of group study
was smooth sailing. Except for the difficult afternoons where we struggled with the hot
weather that made concentration difficult, especially when we had to think and try to
understand each other’s viewpoints, the entire process was to use the cliché again, smooth.
The reason I guess was that every member made good attempts to first understand what the
other was trying to say when they presented their points. Also, no one sought to present
themselves as repositories of knowledge right from the start. Instead, everyone was humble
and willing to admit their shortfalls.
This made the entire process a good learning process as all six of us struggled along
together, helplessly, trying to make sense of the project at hand. I guess this was most
evident in our group presentations when no one
dominated airtime in terms of presentation as
well as during the question and answer sessions.
The project was commonly mapped out together
by all six of us and we sought to try where
possible to incorporate everyone’s opinions into
our project, no matter how far-fetched
sometimes some wild ideas can be. I can
proudly boast that we have managed to live up
to this exercise’s title of Group Study.
8. Field Trip to Kyoto and Tokyo
During this forum, we were fortunate to include in our programme field trips to Kyoto and
Tokyo. My individual plan visit in Kyoto included cultural sites such as Kinkakuji,
Ryoanji, Gion and the National Museum of Kyoto. However, for this section I will touch
mainly on Tokyo which struck me the most.
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Few cities conjure up so many images such as Tokyo. It is one of the three world finance
hubs, along with New York and London. It is also the most populous urban area with some
35.2 million people in the Greater Tokyo Area (including Chiba, Kanagawa, and Saitama)
and at US$1,191 billion in 2005, it is the largest urban agglomeration GDP in the world.
Also, Tokyo boasts the most extensive urban railway network in the world. Capital of
Japan, Tokyo literally means eastern capital.
The field trip to Tokyo included seminars on
Enterprise Strategies with Family Mart, a convenient
store franchise business, visits to Waseda University,
as well as visits to the Tokyo Traffic Control Center
among many others. However, in this section I will
elaborate on my visits to two prominent museums I
visited.
The first museum is the National Museum of Nature
and Science. It is a science museum with a
comprehensive collection of materials on natural science and its applications. It aims to
promote scientific investigation and research and to make available those studies to the
public with the aim of lifelong learning.
I was particularly impressed by Theater 360, a spherical shaped theatre that is 12.8 meters
in diameter. The screen is the entire surface of the inner wall, where visitors stand on a
bridge suspended within the sphere to enjoy the panoramic images projected. The 360
degree field of vision in that spherical theatre gave me a unique sense of floating and the
video production was most imaginative in presenting ideas in many perspectives and
accounts. I will never forget the feeling of being submerged in the deep sea surrounded by
schools of swimming fishes only to be swallowed whole by a whale and seeing the insides
of the largest mammal on earth.
The second was the Miraikan or the National Museum
of Emerging Science and Innovation at Odaiba, where
one can experience cutting edge-technology and enjoy
science as seen through the eyes of scientists and
researchers. Sadly, it made me realize that I should
have been more diligent at school when I was younger.
However, I believe this museum will benefit the scores
of school children that were eagerly engaged in
experiments that were constantly ongoing at the
museum.
Of all the exhibits, I was particularly impressed by the informative video on deep
sea explorations and Chikyu, a Japanese deep sea drilling vessel built for science. There, I
learnt that life was born in “primitive earth” under the high temperature, high pressure and
no oxygen, unlike conventional thinking whereby life exists only where there is sunlight,
oxygen and fresh water. This was a result of deep sea scientific explorations into
environments similar to the primitive earth in the deep part of present earth. Research into
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these microbes in extreme environments aim to resolve the origin and evolution of life on
Earth. Interesting parallels were also drawn to outer space and other planetary systems on
the possibility of other life forms.
9. Personal Reflections
In all, the IATSS Forum has been an enlightening and whole new learning experience for
me, especially from the disciplines which I was little or no background of, such as Official
Development Aid, Rural development and Sustainable Asia. Also, what was great was the
sharing of knowledge and to use the cliché yet again, thinking and learning together.
I guess what impressed me the most was that of
consensus decision making. Where it is
important to learn to work with others,
understanding the different cultural mindsets and
making attempts to get to know people as
individuals
as
well
as
importantly
comprehending their ways of thinking
Also, the forum had been an excellent
opportunity to learn about Japanese culture and
their philosophy with regards to life. During this
short stint, I had only managed to scrape beneath the veneer of Japan’s experience in the
modernization process as well as their approach to maintaining relevancy in times of
change, but, importantly it was a realization process.
Importantly, I also learned more about myself and to accept that there are many things
which I do not know about and importantly that I can learn from others by being fully
present and open to new ways of thinking. For this end, I emerge a stronger person and for
the better.
In this regard, the three main learning points I have learnt from this forum are as follows:
first, that of leadership, that it is important to learn to work with others and when doing so
to incorporate everyone’s ideas for synergy and motivation and leave no effort unused in
achieving stated goals. Second, that learning should be constant, in order to keep up with
times. In order for survival, one has to constantly invent and reinvent oneself so as to adapt
to the changing world. Third, is that of building good and strong friendship, because
nothing beats having good friends that help you see things in different perspectives as well
as see you through difficult times.
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57 days in Japan: Dress me up!
Singkhonrat Jirada
Thailand
I had no clue what I would become after these 57 days in Suzuka, Japan. All I did was
preparing my mind to learn and experience leader skills.
Arrival
The flight was only 5 hours and most of us slept less then 3 hours on the plane. Obviously,
everyone was so tired. However, when we all met at the meeting area in Nagoya airport,
greeting and taking photos seemed to be our priority. Akira-san and Oba-san were waiting
for us patiently. We still had to take a bus to Suzuka circuit (an hour journey). Finally, we
arrived at our new home for these 55 days. All members of IATSS staff gave us very warm
welcome. After orientation, we all got a chance to rest and observe our own room. The
rooms were all refurnished and each of us also got a brand new bike. How privileged!
Soon after got into my room, I discovered very interesting and fascinating toilet I had ever
seen! Annie had done a great job on this topic in her observation report.
It was about last moment to see cherry blossom during
our 1st week. I was so excited to see this famous
SAKURA, even though we all got a chance to enjoy it
in very short period, especially over our breakfast at
flower garden hotel. Thousand petals of those beautiful
little flowers were flied over with the wind before
falling down under Sakura tree. What spectacular to see!
Oh! No time, we were leaving to Ise for our first activity
this morning!
Gasshuku
I thought that was only ice-breaking activity. No, it was so meaningful moment and made
me knowing myself and others participants 10 times better. Big thanks to our great trainer,
Tomo-san, we experience such an incredible thing, with laugh even though we all were
extremely tired and sometime had quite tense situation, because of some tasks needed team
work. I have learned that I should care on my job and do it well before blaming or
criticizing others. As a team, we must respect others and except their ability. I could put all
these in words, but you won’t touch by it as much as actually doing it. We had a good
laugh also in room 201 (our common room after 7 pm) where we drank Sake, Japanese
beers and many more. I enjoyed Gasshuku very much! Thank you to provide us this
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wonderful training. I definitely convince that a way of living together everyone must be
helpful and enjoyed what we are doing.
Opening Ceremony
It was a time that we were introduced to the local public. One reason that I was
participated in this forum was to find out on what this forum was all about. Had the
founder really farsighted and imagined that we were sitting here and attending opening
ceremony in 2008? It was my big mystery how one person can invent this forum. Does this
kind of program really exist in this world? What does the Japanese want from us? I got
most of the answers today. Prof. Kita and Prof. Mizota explained IATSS forum objectives
to us clearly that our civilization can only be in the youth as they would lead society into
the future. It is important to nurture leadership skills by learning from the Japanese society
in any perspectives. We would work together and learn to accept diversity, improve
personality (with tolerance and flexibility) and finally know how to facilitate a team as one
could not do all the works which requires involvement of others. Thank you, Mister Honda,
from the bottom of my heart. I would like to develop myself having just some of your
wisdom. I can gain knowledge and have experience anytime, but wisdom is a capacity to
apply those knowledge and experiences.
Japanese Cultural Introduction Day
How sweet! It was very nice to meet those Japanese volunteers and my great honor to have
a chance to see all the things that they provided us. We experienced how to wear Kimono,
tea ceremony (which normal has when the Japanese gathering together in the old day), and
how to cook Okonomiyaki (Japanese pizza). It was impressive a way all of them organized
the cultural day for us. I hope that they were enjoying us as much as we were happy to
have them here. Thank you so much for all your efforts.
Group Study: lecture on population
One of our favorite lecturer, Ms. Kiyoko IKEGAMI (a director of United Nations
Population Fund, Tokyo Office) gave us a great introduction on population issue. I again
learned how important of the youth to our future world as they would become a leader of
the nation. It made me realize that Mr. HONDA had farsighted on our region as many
issues needed to be informed and hopefully feasible to solve, such as unskilled labors, not
well-established health insurance. It was surprised to me that many ASEAN countries still
faced maternal mortality death. As in Malaysia and Thailand, we have only 24 cases in
100,000 mothers, because nowadays it is easier to access most of rural areas in Thailand.
However, good health services are necessary to be achieved in Thailand, too.
We also learned how to make a good proposal though many activities. It was fun and
interesting with many example cases such as gender, health and education issues. Those
proposals were mainly focused on solving population problems. We were grouping into 45 members and my group had two Japanese volunteers, Ms.
Hasegawa, who was very high enthusiasm. We were so pleased
to have her wisdom on many topics. I liked one of the activity
on role play for our negotiating practice in group which had Ms.
Hasegawa as a representative of NGO, James as a donator,
Huyen as a representative of UNFPA, and me as a ministry of
Human Health and Welfare in Bartola. I learned to think the
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most for people who truly suffered and needed help; also it must be the most feasible and
sustainable way to approach those problems. I managed to have big portion of budget from
the donator. Well done, my team!
Facilitation Skill Training 1
This was very interesting training as I found the contents very helpful and easily applied to
my works. It is important to work as a team and it can achieve a great success on any
issues by a good facilitator. I learned why ice-breaking at early stage of any events was
necessary and could make a big different on results. It is an art to keep everyone focused
on the same topic and be able to achieve a goal. Facilitator has to be a good listener by
keeping eye contact, smiling, giving responds and questioning in order to have as much as
results as possible. However, it is not always manageable if you have trouble makers. To
be a good facilitator, it requires practicing and acquiring knowledge on the subject of the
meeting in order to achieve the best result of the team. I found a star here for our 43rd batch
that is Maria (from Indonesia) very well-performed in this section.
Facilitation Skill Training 2
It was two weeks ago that I had been introduced to facilitation skill. We were grouped as
same as last training and took turn to be a facilitator. I liked training on Lego building
practice as I was a builder who must follow instructions from all team members. Our group
was succeeded to complete it, because we were very good teamwork and using PDCA
(plan, do, check and act). What I have learned is that knowledge is very important in order
to achieve a goal, each team member must be active to fulfill an achievement, and finally,
the facilitator is a power of the team to achieve the best result. Moreover, conclusion must
be feasible and reach the goals that we eventually do it.
Seminar
Political System
It was our great honor to get a chance being in Prof. Tsuboi’s lecture. There were
overviews of political systems in Malaysia (which is not much different system from
Thailand), Myanmar (many thanks to James for being so brave to share with us) and
Philippines (which is much alike the US system). Corruption was our concern and seemed
to be very difficult to solve. It requires times and education. Prof. Tsuboi mentioned on
establishing a well-paid salary system to the prime minister, as Singapore does, can be one
of the quick approaches. According to a glance of Japanese political system, there are
corruptions still in some ways that are very difficult for ordinary people could reach.
Therefore, I think that, we all know about our government, maybe let them do small (not as
much as selling country like Dr. T in Thailand!) corruption but making sure that their
works have good outcomes enough to benefit the most.
We also learned that royal family is symbolic power of Japan who would maintain the
culture and leave political issue to the government (to Shogun in the old day). As elderly
population in Japan has tendency to be very high, he suggested us to be well informed on
this issue. Social system should offer a good system to support those elders. We all
somehow ended up with a discussion on what makes us happy! As the Chinese said that
meaning of happiness were involved three subjects; many children (I am off on that), a lot
of money (I live happily with less money, believe me. Otherwise, you could only marry the
rich. No other choice!), and living a long life (I can not agree on this neither, as I will
likely get a heart-attack when I will see myself in a mirror at ages of 60. It would scare me
to death with my old and ugly face!).
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Enterprise Strategies I
It was a time getting to experience a true story of convenience store business from Family
Mart (FM) by Mr. Mitsuyoshi Harada and Mrs. Tomoko Yoneya. I learned a business that
was created such a value added economy and mainly focused on customer habit from 831
FM customers a day in Japan and 10M FM customers a day worldwide. With 28,000
displayed items, the most profitable sections were processed food and non-food items.
However, daily food was the main section of the store (32.4 %) which could make 50%
profit in US and 30% in Japan, but only 10% in Asia. I can easily agree on that, because, in
Thailand, food is very cheap and easily buys beside most of the streets.
I learned many customer behaviors, how FM decides to entry new country and how
Franchise system works. Among our Forum member countries, FM is operating only in
Thailand. There are a lot of continence stores in every corner in Bangkok. It actually uses
as a landmark, because the stores are very easy to recognize and noticeable. Most of them
are located in busy areas, especially in front of busy streets that have more than 100
inhabitants. Family mart has a unique style with fresh green sign which is harmony with
the rest of the building or houses closed by the shop. Inside the shop is specious than other
shops and I can find everything that I want even various kinds of pet food.
Diplomatic Policy
We were privilege to have Mr. Morimoto with us today, as he was very famous in foreign
policy and appearing in many Medias. Even I had very hard time getting understand a
topic, I realized how important of this seminar which could turn our world upside down. At
least, I can see a relation tendency of those major nations which unsurprisingly influence
the rest of the world. He suggested many topics. America government, for example, will
soon pay more attention to international society, especially Japan and definitely they will
face lowering in economics. On other hand, Russia government will spend their attention
on agricultures, Housing, Education and Health care. However, the Russian are very
nationalism and will persuade to bring back the strong Russia. It is also very crucial to pay
attention to China as new Chinese leaders who are US/UK made, not socialist or Chinese
made any longer. Therefore, their visions on democracy are clear. Their international
policy strategy will influence our regional economics. How to stabilize it against China
must be urgently planned!
International Coorperation
We were very fortunate to attend this seminar in forested Mount Arashiyama with
Professor Tsutomu Mizota. However, it was hard for us to be focused on the topic as we
were very tired from our two-day trip in Kyoto. Prof. Mizota was so kind and
understandable which kept us awake to learn. In the afternoon, we had a practical study on
preparing a new project proposal for Japanese ODA to support in ASEAN. My group had
very extraordinary idea on Happy ASEAN as we didn’t want to be developed country
occupied by unhappy population. According to suicide issue in Japan, there are more than
30,000 cases which have risen rapidly over 10 year from only 8,000 cases even though
they are successful to reduce car accident cases from 8,000 to 6,000 deaths annually over
10 years. How stressful to be too restricted with life! Our group proposed a protocol for
creating a happy country in modern world.
Japanese Culture-The martial ways of Japan
How strange! We had Dr. Alexander Bennett from New Zealand, a member of national
Kendo team, giving a lecture on this topic. I soon found out that he profoundly knew in
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Kendo much more than many Japanese. What a privilege to practice Kendo with him!
Kendo is not only martial art, but wisdom to discover by your own though combination of
body, mind, sword and the most important one, Zanshin. Very interesting! My match with
Maria was amazing even though I lost but I could read her mind. I was stunned to see her
feeling (or, you can say, read her mind) and I didn’t want to hit her, only tried to protect
myself! It was a WOW to have such a glance of wisdom knowing other mind.
OVOP
One of my favorite lecturers was with Prof. Fumihiko Adachi, a humble man with warm
heart. I learned to look inside what we had and took the best out as a unique self-help effort.
It won’t get far by waiting for helps from others, especially Government. That was why
OVOP concept could be easily introduced in ASEAN. A success OTOP case, in
THAILAND, was caused by a strong support of local government in labor and technical
training, capitals, marketing and media. However, Thailand now we are facing the lost in
Natural Environment. Awareness of the nature is the must to do.
Education
While in ASEAN we were struggled with “Education for all”, in Japan already focused on
“Zest of life”. I believed that was important to educate people by emphasizing personal
development because we all could search for knowledge easier than ever, but firstly a
person must be able to judge and decide by oneself whether to acquire further study or
develop labor skills.
Development and Industrial Promotion
Most of ASEAN countries considered that industrialized was a way to achieve economy
growth. However, infrastructures, including financing, energy (electricity), water and
transportation, were significantly related to most industries which were still poor in many
ASEAN countries. Singapore already worked on global-hub development of knowledgedriven industries. In Thailand, tourism industry was feasible to promote due to natural
sources and good infrastructures. We also had local culture and historic places which
against American sources.
Environment and Sustainable Asia
In Indonesia, they faced unfortunate disaster of hot mud which we should concern on not
only environment but also how to deal with any disaster caused by either nature or human.
I was also very proud of my country, Thailand, that we gave good awareness to Thai
people on energy and environment. Only we must get those in practice, I was quite certain
that we would achieve it very soon.
Sustainable Regional Development
We were very fortunate to study this seminar in Muku Muku organic farm. It was very
interesting to experience a success story of cooperative with potential, because such a
cooperative should be feasible to apply in our country.
VISIT: Suzuka City Hall visit
After staying here for 2 weeks, we were delighted to meet a Mayor of Suzuka city, Mr.
Kawakishi. Current situations in Suzuka city had been informed such as low birth rate, a
large number of elder (over 60 years old), environment issue in order to preserve the nature
and a great number of foreigners (more than 10,000 people). It had been great success of
the city for harmony living and governing.
The city also gets attention by many visitors because of Automobile race and next year
National formula one tournament will be hold in Suzuka city. He also gave us many
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souvenirs of Suzuka city and a chance to be in Suzuka city assembly hall. We could also
see Suzuka city from the top floor of this 15th floor building. It obviously had plenty of
lands with rice field and many factories with no other high building.
Suzuka police station visit
With lovely police Mascot, we were not sure if we were in front of kindergarten or police
station. Suzuka Police Office just moved to this new building which installed 214 solar
systems. Everyone gave us very warm welcome. A director came to greet us, and then a
head of the office gave us some information regarding their current situation. This
charming Suzuka city unbelievably had many car accidents and high crime on thefts. Their
three-basic principles were Motivate, Dynamism and Courage to make a right decision.
Honda motor Suzuka factory visit
It was very excited to know more about Honda who sponsored us for attending IATSS
forum. Honda was established in 1948 for manufacturing motorcycles. We also learned
how QC system rooted through Japan by a secretary general manager for QC circle, Mr.
Yoshiyuki Sawaki. He gave us an wonderful story through his experiences. Kansai only
works when all staff have dream together in order to work continually and smoothly with
higher result and it must by self-started. Hopefully, I could apply this strategy at my work.
Traffice Education Center
Here, we had a chance to try a few things that we normally didn’t know such as how we
could feel when we touched a car break in dangerous situations. I drove a Honda Stream to
experience a car-safety system. Thanks to Aey and Su for their trust in my driving! It was
very fun and I must note that was only for traffic safety training not learning how to drive.
A normal course costs 20,000 yen per day which can be motorbike, car or truck. It shows
how Japanese pay so much attention to drive safe on the road.
Home stay with lovely Kondo family
I first met them on open ceremony day. Kondo family has 4 members which are Mr.
Katsumasa (a father), Ms. Izumi (a mother), Keito (a 7-year old boy) and Rinna (a 4-year
old girl). Two little children seemed very shy at the beginning. I gave them a kiss, and Rinchan went to draw my picture, having many flowers and heart all over my dress. How
sweet! I was very impressed by this drawing. She did very well for 4 years old. On April
19th 2008 (a week later), the whole family came to pick
me up at IATSS office. I had to introduce myself in
Japanese (those were only sentences that I could say in
Japanses!) in front of other host families, too. During
home stay, only Izumi-san could speak English with me, I
was so embarrassing not to be able to speak other
Japanese words than Hello, Thank you and little sentences.
Katsumasa-san took us to other town further north and
had lunch at Sushi bar which was very interesting and fun to pick those floating Sushi.
They took me to Kiso Samsen Park where many Tulips and other flowers was blossom.
What a shame that rain (few days before) already ruined some of those flowers. Kids soon
got used to me in only an hour. Keito seemed to enjoy himself while Rin-chan was very
happy and talked a lot.
Katsumasa-san showed me around their town which was surrounded with many factories. I
noticed many old houses (at least 50 years old) which situated next to chemical factory.
They must have good system to control environment and gained lots of trust from those
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houses and the local village. Kondo’s house was very new. They moved here last May. It
looked so tidy and clean wooden furnished. Izumi-san started preparing dinner, while
Katsumasa-san took care of their laundry. Wow, what a nice couple!
On Sunday, Katsumasa-san unfornately had to work while we were having a party with
other kids, six of them, who Rin-chan spent her Ballet class with. Their mothers and I were
enjoyed conversation and cooking Takoyaki and Yaki-soba. Rin-chan complained not
having enough free time for playing as she had to attend her extra class on Ballet every
Tuesday evening. One big concern in my life is that children deserve to enjoy a peacefilled life and I wonder if my kids (may have in future?) will have to live in such a stressful
life. Of course, Izumi-san also concerned about it. That was why Rin-chan had only
Tuesday to practice her dance and Kei-chan had only Monday for his swimming class.
I discovered many interesting aspects on family life and children. Before Rin-chan went to
school, Izumi-san rarely had time for herself. She is a happy full time mother and house
wife. I profoundly give my salute for her capability to carry such a lovely family. It takes
so much energy, attention and spirit to achieve what they have. I am not sure if I could do
as well as her, because my boyfriend and I are both still very selfish and want to have
freedom traveling and discovering the world. Hopefully, we would think of settle down
and all mean of family. I wish all successes to her family and good health to all of them.
Thank you so much for your kindness. I will miss your lovely family.
NARA
We traveled by bus with Akira-san and Oba-san and arrived at Hotel Sunroute Nara,
located at the center of town in the last afternoon. After little rest, I went out to explore
Nara down town and see many dears everywhere in town.
Everything in shopping area was quite expensive, and I
preferred to enjoy wondering around, get lost and observe
little roads and local people. Aey and I found excellent
restaurant at the end of shopping street called Edogawa. I
tasted the best eel dish for the first time in my life. Not
need to explain how great it was, because this meal was
over budget, however, really worth it.
Next day, Oba-san took us to visit two famous temples in Nara. How peaceful and sacred
Todai-ji Temple is! Great Buddha caught my attention a few years ago. This was my wish
to be here and worship the Buddha. A main hall of the temple ranks as the largest wooden
structure in the world. I wonder how much work to maintain it; therefore Aye and I were
happily donating little money for a piece of roof material with our name on it! I still feel
magnificent blessed by this Vairocana Buddha. Thrilled!
Individual-Plan Days: the 1st part: plan
My theme of these individual plans was to discover traditional moral and modernized life
of Japan. I would like to understand Japanese way of living, especially what it takes to be
so successful country. Therefore, my main plan was to observe and visit many shines and
temples as it was represented Japanese spiritual roots. In addition, there are other aspects
of nature; sunset, gardens and parks that can help me felt closer to the Japanese state of
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mind. In order to explore Japanese modern life style, I also planned to observe people
walking, behavior and fashion style in busy and shopping areas in bath Kyoto and Tokyo.
Individual-Plan Days: the 2nd part: result
Kyoto Day 1: Fushimi Inari Shrines, Kenninji Temple, Sanjusangen Temple and
Kiyomizu Temple; On Sunday, bus minami 5 took off every hour and I should not waste
my 40 minutes just for waiting the bus. I decided to change my plan by taking a local train.
It took me 10 minutes to understand the system and catch on the train. It was exciting to be
flexible on my journey. Of course, it would reflect to me,
not to be so strict with anything in life! After 40 minutes
on the train, my individual trip was started with stunning
place which was inspired me to select as my must visiting
shrine, because Fushimi Inari shrine was used in one of the
scenes in a movie called “Memories of a Geisha”.
Thousands of orange torii showed how sacred the place
was in the past. I could not finish a whole track which
seems to take an entire day to complete it.
Only 2 hours I already felt tired and afraid that I might not be able to visit other places on
my visiting plan, I had to head back with a little difficulty to find a way out (most of signs
are in Japanese). As Buddhist practitioner, I am very interested in Zen Buddhism and, of
course, Kennin-ji was one of my must seen temples. It is very peaceful and inviting to sit
down calmly for a little meditation. Japanese temples seem to use nature as a practice
center rather than Buddhist status which is, of course, quite different from Thai temples.
This temple has the best rock garden I have ever seen which is very simple. I practiced
meditation here, but only felt relaxed. I didn’t meet my expectation on Zen meditation
which might cause by too much tourists!
I was curious to see why 1001 statues of Kannon, the goddess of mercy, in Sanjusangendo
were so famous. I finally had an answer and was amazed by those statues with wooden and
fine sculpture. Unfortunately, no picture was allowed. I recommended this temple for
anyone who loved art and wanted to understand Buddhism
as a religious force in Japan used to be. One of my
interests that I must do at any destinations I have been is
to see the sunset. It showed so much character of that
certain place. My first sunset in Kyoto was at
Kiyomizudera which I had to climb up hills for a while.
The sunset was stunning with Kyoto city as a background.
The temple had marvelous wooden structures and hidden
Jishu shrine that was dedicated to the god of love.
This is a place that I recommend not to come alone as you need someone to share this
superb scenery with. What a shame! I could not stay until the sun gone because it was
quite cold even in early evening. The temple is situated in the mountain with forest
surrounding made it very chilled when the sun is disappearing. You definitely need warm
hand to hold on!
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Kyoto Day 2: Ryoanji Temple, Ninnaji Temple, Chionin Temple and Yasaka Shrine
Another day of temple visiting! I love to discover more about Buddhism in Japan. Yes, I
must be boring for most of people. However, I did NOT go to top-list tourist attractions,
because I want to feel a real meaning of the religion rather than fabulous decoration. Rock
garden in Ryoanji temple is still mystery to me. Ninnaji was a resident place for exemperors where I was touched by a meaning for a downside of life. At the end of the day,
we all are just normal walking life that should live harmony with nature. I did try
meditation in Chionin temple, but after 30 minuets of meditation I had to leave for it
closing time at 4.30pm. I walked through Maruyama Park and visited Yasaka shrine on the
way to bus stop. There were 6 temples and 3 shrines that I visited in Kyoto.
Kyoto Tower
I finished my day with bird view of the city on the top of
Kyoto Tower. In deed, it should have been very first place to
visit as I can see an entire city closely and many places that
catch my attention. In addition, the sunset here is absolutely
magnificent shining over Kyoto. I only found that the sunset
here was very unique and its character had shown me a true
meaning of Japanese flag and Japanese Philosophy.
I felt that this dim-red sunset was applauded to my day success and telling me to be ready
for tomorrow. It is very hard to explain this amazing feeling, powerful and glorious. It
seems like you did so well for today, please rest and you would have another good day
tomorrow. What a praise to live a life! We always need to feel how meaningful of our life
is. I have never experienced this sunset moment that could teach me so much in only an
hour. Was that caused by all spirits which I paid respect over two days? At last, I have a
clue for my objectives in Kyoto. We all are just one part of nature. Be respectful to nature
and live your life with a full potential. All spirits of nature would support you to achieve
your desire. It doesn’t matter which religion you are as long as you believe in your
potential with ethic mind. Thank you, Amaterasu, the god of sun!
Tokyo Day 1: Hakone
Back in an old day when I was a little girl, I was introduced to
Mt. Fuji even before I discovered what Japan was. My number
one must visit in Japan was HAKONE where I heard so much
about how beautiful of Fuji-san from here. Unfortunately, we
were not able to see it because it was so cloudy. Life in Tokyo
seemed to be hectic, too fast and I rarely saw smile in anyone’s
face. “Are they really happy?” I wondered! I hope that at least
they would find times to relax themselves in Hakone, keeping up good mental health.
Tokyo Day 2: Mori art museum, Asakusa and Hama-rikyu garden
I decided to be on my own and take those miserable metro, JR lines and water bus, just to
challenge myself. I enjoyed a Tokyo scenery from the top of Mori tower even though it
was rainy and heavily cloudy day. Because of the bad weather, I ended up spending two
pleasant hours in Mori art Museum with great exhibitions of a contemporary art with
Turner prize and BMW art car collection before rushing to Asakusa. Of course, souvenir
shopping was the must along Nakamise, but I sadly noticed that an old value of Senjoji
temple didn’t get much attention from those foreign tourists. Interestingly, I found that the
Japanese tourists were very kind and carried smiling faces. I was certain that everyone
needed to persuade for real happiness, especially in this restless city.
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My last destiny was to visit traditional Japanese garden
with stunning background of Tokyo. It gave me
appreciation with another side of Tokyo. If a combination
of nature and technology is possible, it should have a way
to maintain value and moral along with modernizing world.
My next mission might be how we can show others to
recognize our great values of traditional culture in reality!
Cultural Exchange Day (CED): Part 1: Preparation
I believed in our 43rd batch that we could make very good team. Therefore, I went to write
down my name (Tai for all) as one of coordinators for CED, even though I knew how
tiring and stressful it would be. The most stressful moment was the 2nd meeting with CIRS,
because we all had very hard time with them at the 1st meeting. However, all coordinators,
including Meng, Natha, Net, Annie and I went to present our 2nd proposal for wedding
performance with CIRS at Tsu city and came back with success. With full attention of all
participants, we had established a solid handout to show them and, of course, they were
much appreciated and expressed good impression on our work.
Part 2: Our success
After the 4th rehearsal, I was called by other participants a
rehearsal lady. Did I deserve that? I only wanted it to have a
good outcome as we all finally achieve. It was a great fun
and we all really enjoyed the day. All credits must give to
everyone and I was so sure that would be the same if
someone else took my part. Behind this success was a hard
work of all participants taking their role seriously and I only
put all Jigsaws in places. Congratulation, my dear friends!
We did it, put smile on every audience’s face.
IATSS FORUM
The FORUM was very rich and offered me to practice my potential and experience many
things. I know how to apply in my real life as, surprisingly, I developed wisdom in me. I
now love my country, Thailand, much more than I could ever imagine. I discovered the
good and the bad in Japan, in ASEAN, in Thailand, in others and importantly in me!
43rd IATSS participants
It was my great pleasure to spend a great time with those 17-young and talented flock.
Each of us was very unique and high potential; therefore, when we combined, fantastic 43rd
batch took place! I learnt so much in each participant’s great attitude and very appreciated
each participant’s personality which created much challenged environment. I personally
believe that ASEAN region can achieve a unity in any aspects. We already realized that “if
you wanted to go fast, you are better to go alone; but if you wanted to go far, we must all
go together”. Therefore, we must learn how to share our common values through out the
region according to globalize-driven. Here, it was our starting point!
New coming participants
You only have to prepare yourself with open minded and warm heart. Getting yourself
involving as much as you can is only one way to take the most of this FORUM which can
offer you to strengthen your weak point and think to share your strength with others. Be
humble, helpful and enjoy! Life is about learning every moment and being happy every
time. Problem is there for solving not for facing. Have fun!
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Japan, A Place in My Dream Ever!
Sasiporn Srabua
Thailand
Arrival
April 7, 2008 Here, I come!! Japan, a place in my
dream ever. I was shocked at the moment that the pilot
announced, “Welcome to Japan”. It was just a very short
flight from Bangkok to Japan. The first thing that I saw
after I walked out from the immigration was a lot of
Japanese. Then, I saw a group of the 43rd IATSS
participants from other countries. We talked a lot even
though we just first met. Then, Akira-San and Tomo-San
took us from the Centrair Nagoya airport to Suzaka City, where IATSS office is located.
Actually, Tomo-San told us to sleep on the bus because it would take about 2 hours. But,
of course, I and Tai, my co-participant, couldn’t sleep. We were so excited to see colorful
Sakura trees along the way. I still couldn’t believe that I was here now in Japan. I took lots
of pictures for 2 hours. Again, I was so excited when Tomo-San said; “Here we are, IATSS
forum office”. My first impression was that every IATSS staff stood line-up in front of the
office to greet us individually. I felt really grateful and overwhelming. All staff is really
nice and friendly. After we had a brief orientation, I felt surprised for the wonderful room
that I would stay privately for the next 55 days. Food was tasteful. The weather was
perfectly comfortable. The environment was peaceful. Then, “Good Night Thailand”; I had
a very sweet dream on the first night in Japan.
Unforgettable Team Building Training (Gasshuku) in Ise
“What was Gasshuku?” “Why Ise?” “Why 4 days
3 nights?” Lots of questions came to my head once I read
the schedule. Also, after the brief orientation on the second
day, I still cannot imagine what would happen in Ise. We
were informed to do the team building training right after
we arrived the hotel. Then, I knew all the answers I had
questioned before. Ms.Tomo was one of my favorite
trainers that I’ve ever had. She was not only a facilitator for this training, but she was our
adorable professor also. She taught us so many interesting lessons that I could not forget.
The first lesson was that “Gasshuku” means “Stay together”. After 4 days 3 nights, I found
out that staying together could create friendship straightforwardly and long-lasting.
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Ms.Tomo let us play lots of fun games together, such as making a triangle together while
blindness and building a computer with teamwork. My favorite game was everybody-up.
No such a game could play individually. Teamwork played a major role to succeed in
every task. Some games could be difficult but, if we helped each other, we won. We got to
know each other better and better everyday. Afterward, we came up with the objective,
motto, and logo of our 43rd IATSS batch. “Love and Learn Together” was completely
explainable for our batch. Finally, I noticed that to do the team building training in Ise for
4 days 3 nights was really meaningful and it was one of the stimulating and unforgettable
moments of my life in Japan.
Impressive Opening Ceremony
After coming back from Ise, we need to prepare ourselves for the opening
ceremony. The big trouble for me was to introduce myself in Japanese. What I want to say
was “Konnichiwa (Good afternoon). Hajime-mashite (How do you do?). Watashi wa
Sasiporn desu (I’m Sasiporn). Tai kara kimashita (I’m from Thailand). Shumi wa kaimono
desu (My hobby is shopping). Arigato-gozaimasu (Thank you very much).” That was not
too long; however, I was still nervous. Here, I come April 12, the opening ceremony for
our 43rd IATSS program. Approximately 100 executive
guests were invited. All participants dressed up with their
traditional costumes. Also, I proudly presented my Thailand
with the traditional Thai dress. Once Tomo-San announced
my name, I finally did introduce myself well with my
smiling face and no mistake. Mr.Yasuhei Oguchi, the
chairman of the IATSS Forum Steering Committee, kindly
admired me that my attire was very beautiful while he was
shaking my hands. After all the participants had introduced, I attended lots of speeches
from our executive guests that made me impress the IATSS forum entirely.
Great time on Japanese Cultural Introduction Day
The Japanese Cultural Introduction Day was held on April 13, which was the Thai
New Year day. Therefore, I was very energetic and happy to learn the Japanese culture.
The event began with the role-play from the volunteers related to the home stay, such as
how to take off the shoes and how to use chopstick correctly. One new lesson I would
remember was about the manner while eating. I need to say “Itadakimasu” before eating
and “Gochisou-sama deshita” after eating to express our thanks for the meals. That meant
Japanese people respected their meals. Also, to eat noodle more enjoyable, we needed to
make a sound. The louder, the more delicious.
After the role-play, the volunteers demonstrated how to
dress kimono and tea ceremony, which were very fascinating
and unique in Japanese traditional style. It took quite long time
to dress up in kimono since it was so complicated. However, it
was absolutely elegant. For the tea ceremony, the tea maker
needed to concentrate while making tea and I needed to follow
the process to rotate the tea bowl clockwise 3 rounds. The tea
would be mostly served with the delighted dessert. Next, I had a
chance to play traditional children’s game, including singing the
Japanese songs, folding papers, playing toys and dolls, playing
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as a ninja. Then, I did the calligraphy, which was my first time to write my name in
Japanese. One of the impressive moments was when the volunteer demonstrated the
Japanese drums, which were very huge and distinctive. The drum sounds made me feel
spirited and forceful. After that, I had a chance to practice Japanese dance, which was fun
and joyful.
Finally, my favorite part of the day was making
Okonomiyaki (Japanese pizza), eating fresh Sushi and
delicious Sashimi, and having dinner together with all
volunteers. To eat the genuine Japanese food was one of my
dreams while I was in Japan. All food cooked today was so
delicious. OISHI!!! OISHI!!! I really had a great time with
all the volunteers today, which was my Thai new year.
“Thank you for celebrating Thai New Year with me in Japan”.
Group Study Theme Lecture “Population Issues”
It was my great pleasure to attend the lecture in the topic of “Population Issues” by
Kiyoko Ikegami, the director of United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Tokyo Office.
I was unfamiliar with UNFPA. However, she began with the explanation about United
Nation (UN), focusing on UNFPA. After that, she mainly noticed about the world
population. Surprisingly in Thailand, there will be numerous aging people, especially at the
age over 80, in 2050. In addition, she assigned each group to write the project proposal by
working on the assigned situation. Then, she pointed out 3 things that need to be reminded
for writing proposal; which were sustainability, identification of capacity, and transparency
for information – system – stakeholder.
In the next morning, each of participants needed to
present the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). I was
assigned Goal 6, focusing on Target 6C: Have halted by 2015
and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major
diseases, which I shared my experiences as a nurse. Finally, my
favorite assignment was the group discussion as a role-play in
the topic of project proposal funded. Each group would compose
of the chairman (the donor), the NGOs, the UNFPA, and the Deputy Minister of the
Ministry of Human Health and Welfare (from the government), who I played. We needed
to discuss based on the scenario and confidential instructions and ended up with the lead
agency and the percentage of budget for each activity. Everyone had to try hard to be a
lead agency being responsible for lots of money. We enjoyed in this role-play. In my
opinion, this assignment was very creative and understandable. These were all the reasons
why Ms.Ikegami was one of the great lecturers I’ve ever had.
Facilitation Skills
One of my impressive moments was to learn the facilitation skill from Ms.Keiko
Tsubaki, NPO Global Network of Facilitators. Facilitation skill was really helpful for
conducting group discussion and had a variety of lessons to learn. The ice breaking was
pleasurable, which were questioned about “how do you feel now?” We had to be honest to
our feeling to go to sunny (very active), cloudy (a little tired), rainy (low motivation), or
stormy (no motivation at all). I absolutely went to the sunny part since I was very energetic
to learn in this topic. Even though we had 2 classes for facilitation skill, it was still not
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enough for me to learn. Ms.Tsubaki generally gave us very
kind advice about how to be a good facilitator and a good
team member, as well. I totally impressed every activity she
assigned us to do as teamwork. After that, she assigned
several activities that we could learn what a facilitator
would do. Once each activity ended, every team member
would give a comment to the facilitator in order to improve
his/her facilitation skill. In the “prioritization” activity, I
was a facilitator, which I tried my best to be a good facilitator. The members gave me
feedbacks at the end. I really appreciated to hear my weak points from the others’ point of
views. Consequently, I would be able to improve myself. “Two heads are better than one”,
I completely agreed as what she said.
Home Stay: A wonderful 2 days 1 night
It had been such a great experience and wonderful moment of my life to spend 2
days with my home stay family “Komada”, including 4 family members which were
“Tomoya” (a 42 year-old father working at a train company), “Midori” (a 34 year-old
mother as a housewife), and 2 lovely daughters at the age of 6 and 4 (“Yuka” and “Shuka”)
who were always energetic and humorous. They took me to join the hippo family club
L.E.X. activity, which meant language, experiments, and experiences. At the club, there
were other families that brought the kids to join the activity. We played games, sang songs
together, and learnt to speak other languages by listening to the CDs, including Thai
language. After lunch with noodle and sushi, they drove me to
the Tsubaki shrine, which was located in the countryside. So, I
could see the fascinating scenery along the way. At the shrine,
there was a place that I could experience the real tea ceremony.
I was so excited and I liked that. Then, we went to the
supermarket to buy foods for my cooking dinner. I spent much
time to cook for them. Of course, I succeeded! They loved my
Tom-Yum-Kung, Tom-Kha-Kai, Laab-Moo, and Jelly for
dessert. They all said “OISHI! OISHI!” I was very happy to hear that. I also brought the
deep-fried durian from Thailand. I was lucky that they liked all of my Thai foods. Before
going to bed, I had my first experience with Kimono, which was totally gorgeous.
On the second day, I helped Midori prepare breakfast. So, I knew how to make
Miso soup, which was not so difficult as I thought. Then, I had a new experience to teach
Yuka and Shuka do their homeworks, even though we spoke in the different languages. At
lunch time, we had a BBQ, which was their family’s favorite, in the backyard with
Midori’s mother and sister, as well as our neighbors. Meats in Japan were various and
tasteful. They requested me to make Tom-Yum-Kung again. Of course, I was really happy
to do so. Then, they drove me around the city and I got to see the Pacific Ocean closely.
For our dinner, I also helped Midori cook fried fish, fried eggs, and boiled vegetables in
Japanese style. She was brilliant in cooking and she always told me that she loved cooking.
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Finally, the “Good-Bye” moment came up, they drove me
at the IATSS and the girls didn’t want to leave. They just kept
running around that made me feel so miserable. “Thank you so
much for everything you’ve done for me. Your family was so
nice and friendly. I would keep our friendship last forever.”
That was the last thing I told them.
Numerous Visits in Suzuka city
Within 55 days, I had a great opportunity to visit so many places in Japan. My first
visit was Suzuka City Hall, which was on April 25. It was my honor to meet the mayor of
Suzuka city. His vision, which was inspiring, was that people from a variety of
backgrounds and different cultures could live in harmony in Suzuka city. The total
population living in Suzuka city was 200,000. Interestingly, there were 10,000 foreigners,
including 121 Thais living in Suzuka city. Finally, to remind
us about Suzuka, he gave us the souvenirs shown the Suzuka
mascot “Bell-dy”. Also, he welcomed us to the Suzuka city, a
city with natural surroundings and a mild climate. After
meeting the mayor, we had a chance to be in “Suzuka
Municipal Assembly”, which not so many people could come
and take photos. It was my pleasure to take a photo as being a
mayor.
After Suzuka City Hall, we continued to Suzuka Police Station. My first
impression was the cute mascot of Mie Prefecture Police Station aimed to soften the image
of police. The chief of Suzuka Police Station gave us a great speech about 3 basic
principles for being a good police, including strong motivation, courage, and dynamic. One
police is responsible for 1,008 Suzuka populations. Most of the crime found in Suzuka was
stealing objects inside the cars. Additionally, the police demonstrated how to investigate
fingerprints from objects by using aluminum powder, and we had a chance to practice, as
well, which seemed very easy for us. However, to be a Suzuka police officer was not easy!
In the afternoon, we visited Suzuka Honda Factory,
which was established since 1960 and began with
motorcycle “Super Cub”. Seven years later, the 4-wheel
vehicle was first produced. Recently, there were 9,000
employees working. As of the year 2007, Honda had 23
million customers worldwide. In my opinion, the reason why
Honda had a great number of customers was the quality
control. Honda had attempted to achieve a dream and to balance satisfaction between
customers and employees. After we had a factory tour, we found that the employees
worked very hard in order to follow the process and get everything done on time. The
robot also played a major role in the process.
On April 25, I had a chance to visit Suzuka Circuit Traffic Education Center
(STEC), focusing on enhanced safe driving education based on needs of society and
expectation of their customers. Since 2007, there were 4 new
interesting programs, which were frequently occurring accidents
response program, driving habit check program, night-time
accident response program, and safety device experience program.
After the presentation, most of us who loved to drive had a chance
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to drive “Honda Stream” with the driver coach and safety lessons. Everybody was having
fun again today!
Nagoya Visit
On May 6, everybody seemed excited to take the train to Nagoya city in order to
visit Toyota Commemorative Museum of Industry and Technology. In the beginning,
Prof.Adachi briefly introduced the history of Japanese Industrialization and history of
Toyota Motor Corporation, one of the popular manufactured Japanese cars. The museum
was constructed in 1994 aiming to build an affluent society through “the spirit of being
studious and creative” and “making things”. The museum was huge and all the history was
inspiring. Kiichiro Toyoda, the founder of Toyota Motor Corporation, was the eldest son
of Sakichi Toyoda, who was a brilliant farmer and creative carpenter. Therefore, the
museum included a variety of historical textile machines and memorable automobiles.
After the museum visit, Prof.Adachi requested his
students to take all participants around Nagoya city for
multipurpose. For my group, we firstly visited Atsutajingu
Shrine, which was huge and peaceful. I was fortunate to see
the traditional Japanese wedding there. Moreover, we went to
shopping street at Osu, which was crowded and astonishing.
All the girls were very nice and friendly. They paid attention to us in every activity and
tried to have an English conversation with us. We really had a good time in Nagoya.
Impression in Nara
One night in Nara city, before going to Kyoto, was
impressive. Nara was such a peaceful city that gave me
relaxing ambience. Todaiji temple, which was the first temple
we visited in Nara, was extraordinary because it was huge,
ancient, and sanctified. Adorable deer in Todaiji temple were
also striking. Horyu Temple was also huge and sacred. Only
one night in Nara probably was not enough.
Memorable moments in Kyoto
One of my objectives to visit Kyoto was to observe Japanese traditional and
modern architectures. However, I mostly liked Japanese traditional architectures in Kyoto
since Kyoto used to be a capital city of Japan. I firstly began with Nijo Castle, which was
one of Kyoto’s UNESCO World Heritage sites. Since it was a former Kyoto residence of
the shogun, it was huge, historical, and well decorated. Other UNESCO World Heritage
Sites I visited were Toji Temple having 5-story pagoda, Nishi Honganji Temple with a
certain atmosphere of contemporary Japanese Buddhism, Ryoanji Temple with amazing
15 rocks over a rectangular plot, Kinkakuji Temple, the gold pavilion with serene
environment, Ginkakuji Temple, a Silver Pavilion with a
nice view on the mountain, and Kiyomizu-dera Temple,
a famous temple with its large wooden terrace. From my
viewpoint, the most impressive temple in Kyoto was
Kiyomizu-dera Temple, which had remarkably structural
design, magnificent scenery, peaceful surrounding, and
abundant shops along the up-hill street.
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In order to experience the Japanese’s lifestyle and to see the scenery of Kyoto, I
went to Nishiki Market, which had lots of people and a variety of foods, Shijo
Kawaramachi area, the main shopping street in downtown Kyoto, Kyoto Botanical
Gardens and Maruyama Park, which were beautiful with plenty of spectacular flowers.
Museum of Kyoto, a unique redbrick building, also gave me an understandable
introduction to Kyoto's history and culture. Kyoto station was one of my favorite places in
Kyoto since there were lots of things to do and see, including shops and restaurants. I
could see the whole Kyoto from the top floor of Kyoto station, as well. I also went to
Yasaka Jinja Shrine and walked along the Gion Area, a Kyoto's most famous geisha
district. Traveling in Kyoto was challenging and not too complicated. I experienced both
subway and buses during my 2 individual plan days. Both transportations were convenient
and efficient. I took lots of photos and I bought lots of souvenirs from Kyoto.
At the last night in Kyoto, we stayed at the
Arachiyama area, which was one of my unforgettable
moments. In front of the hotel we stayed, there was gorgeous
scenery with the huge green mountain and striking river. The
last day in Kyoto was also memorable. We all visited Kyoto
Imperial Palace, which was so huge and magnificent. For
the trip in Kyoto, I really impressed these ancient cities and I
achieved all of my goals for this visit. However, I promised
myself that I would come back again, Kyoto!
The Happiest Moment: Cultural Exchange Day
I certainly guarantee that no such a moment can
be happier than our “Cultural Exchange Day”. After we
had been tired to prepare and practice for our “Cultural
Exchange Day” for a month, we finally made our own day
completely successful. To begin with the self-introduction,
every participant did the great jobs on a catwalk as the
professional models. Following by the world wedding,
each scene continued smoothly and the audiences seemed
enjoyable. The wedding ended wonderfully. Each country booth was fantastic, including
our booth “Thailand”. The audiences visited every booth with pleasant. The auction charity
was one of our excitements because we were not sure how much money we could receive.
However, the auction turned to be fun. Lots of audiences participated in this activity and
liked to donate money. At the end, the dancing performance was perfect. The audiences
join the dances and finally went back home with smiling faces. We were also happy!!
Challenging and Enlightening Seminars
“To think and learn together” was completely
explainable and meaningful in the seminar classes. Each
seminar was challenged and enlightened me a lot. I mostly
impressed the seminars that had 3 countries presentation
because I also like to learn more from other ASEAN countries,
not only from Japan. Moreover, I like the group discussion in
the afternoon since every participant was energetic and love to
share ideas. I also liked to share ideas in my interesting fields such as OVOP, Education
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and Environment. I was greatly acknowledged in some topics that I was not familiar with,
including Political System, Enterprise Strategies, Diplomatic Policy, International
Cooperation and Industrial Promotion. There were a variety of learning-teaching activities.
For example, in enterprise strategies, the lecturer let us play game by answering the quiz,
which was fun. In addition, I had an unbelievable experience to practice Japanese Culture
(Japanese Bud ). Having 1 night stay and taking a field trip at MokuMoku Farm was also
amazing and make “Sustainable Regional Development” more understandable.
However, my favorite seminar was “OVOP: One Village One Product Movement”,
which I was mostly familiar with and I had a chance to present OTOP in Thailand, as well.
This seminar was so interesting due to the inspiring lecturer.
Prof.Adachi was so kind and friendly, and totally understood
the ASEAN participants quite well since he was one of the
staff who established the IATSS program. The group
discussion was also remarkable by creating a business plan to
promote the item to contribute to community-driven regional
development.
A Brilliant Group Study: Team KIBOU (Hope)
I had been informed that the group study was the
most important session during 55 days at IATSS. Therefore,
I had thought the group would be so stressful and I would be
anxious. However, I was lucky that my group had other 5
energetic and brilliant members, including Annie, Huyen,
Nantha, Net, and James. As a result, I always enjoyed my
group study. After we reviewed all data, we decided the
group topic together, which was “Improving primary education in a Laos Theung village”.
We were always happy to “think and learn together”.
Fabulous Day in Tokyo
My first impression for Tokyo trip was “Shinkansen”, a bullet train. It made me
excited throughout 1 hour and 43 minutes. Then, I was shocked for crowded subway in
Tokyo, which reminded me about Bangkok. We eventually arrived the wonderful hotel in
Shiodome and I slept well in the first night in Tokyo.
Next, we did the group study presentation at Honda Headquarter. We received the
useful guidance from our delightful professors, Ms.Ikegami
and Ms.Tsubaki, mostly about practical outputs. After that,
surprisingly, we had a chance to see “ASIMO show” and take
photos with “ASIMO”. We all enjoyed having a good time
with our lovely “ASIMO”. Moreover, we had the “Enterprise
Strategies” seminar. It was challenging when we did the store
assessment at some Family Marts since Family Mart is one of
the best convenient stores in Japan. When we visited a few Family Mart stores, I clearly
understood and impressed how Family Marts satisfied their customers. We also visited the
Traffic Control Center. It was incredible how they can manage all the traffic in Tokyo on
one big screen effectively. In addition, we visited 125-year Waseda University.
Prof.Tsuboi and his students took us around and we had an interesting discussion related to
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the relationship between ASEAN and Japan, as well. We also enjoyed talking throughout
the dinner.
Additionally, Tai and I visited the Great Buddha of Kamakura, the
second largest Buddha statue in Japan. Luckily, the largest is located in
the Todaiji Temple, where I visited last month. Then, I had an
appointment with Thai Embassy. We explained how much knowledge
and experiences we gain from the IATSS forum. They certainly
appreciated the forum. So do I!
Next, I began my individual plan day with Tokyo tower, the
world's tallest self-supporting steel tower. Even though it was built in 1958, it still looked
new. I was brave to go up not only to the main observatory at 150 m., but 250 m. at special
observatory also. Then, I went to my favorite area, Asakusa, in
order to visit Sensoji Temple and Nakamise Shopping Street,
one of the famous tourist destinations. As a result, there were lots
of tourists spending time and money there, including Thai tourists.
I also took the Yurikamome line to Odaiba Park to see Rainbow
Bridge and Palette Town. It was such a nice view while riding
Yurikamome, although it was raining at night. I liked it! Moreover,
I spent my last day at Tokyo Sea Life Park. It was fun and
interesting to see a variety of adorable fish and all kinds of sea life, including my lovely
penguins. Since it was mostly raining, I couldn’t follow all my plans. However, I preferred
to spend much time walking around and experience life in Tokyo. Traveling in Tokyo was
easy because of many subways and JR lines provided. However, it was complicated.
Sometimes I got lost but I had ultimately fun in Tokyo. I realized that life in Tokyo and
Kyoto (also Suzuka) is completely different. To live in Tokyo is not easy! Everything
needs to be rushed all the time. For me, I prefer to travel only in Tokyo!
After 57 days in Japan, …
I really have a good time in every moment and every activity. I learn a lot of
knowledge from seminars and group study, as well as experiences from visits in Suzuka,
Kyoto and Tokyo. We know all staff work hard throughout 57 days. We truly appreciate
all of your kindness. It is hard to explain my feelings in words. What I can express now is
that it is my great honor to be one of the 43rd IATSS participants. It is also grateful to be a
friend of other 8 ASEAN countries. We enjoy thinking and learning together since the first
day until the last day of the program. From my opinion, if we begin with love, we will
eventually be able to learn together with no doubt, as our motto “Love and Learn
Together”. Good Bye Japan, a place in my mind forever!!
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Japan – The country of Creativeness and Excellence
Nguyen Thanh Tung
Vietnam
For a long time, I have been dreaming of having an opportunity to visit a country like
Japan, as it is famous worldwide for its long-lasting tradition of striving for creativeness
and excellence. Finally, the dream had come true. I’m extremely happy when I am here IATSS Forum, Suzuka, the place where I am living and studying in a multi-cultural
environment with interesting exchanges and interactions with all my brothers and sisters
from Japan and ASEAN countries.
Arrival and the first impression and feeling
Going through two weeks for preparation for the trip, including handing over my duties to
my colleagues, so after five and half hours on airplane to get to Japan, I was so tired. But
soon after I stepped out of the aircraft, I felt as I got my energy back again by getting
excited of meeting my friends from eight ASEAN countries as well as people in Japan.
The New Director, Mr. Akira Haga and Mr. Tomoo Oba, the Program Coordinator was
there to give us friendly greetings and warm welcome. The first day became unforgettable
to me since we have received great hospitalities from IATSS Forum staff and because we
are from strange to each other become friends, brothers and sisters.
The first few days in Suzuka was raining. In
the first day, we was introduced the Hotel
Facility of the Flower Garden Hotel. During
the trip around our new home, I felt so sad
when seeing sakura petals falling. But I had to
ignore it to paid attention to concentrate on
the first Orientation to get to know the life in
Suzuka as well as the rules that we must
follow. However, it was a pleasure to be
acquainted with the new found friends from
the other countries with diverse backgrounds,
languages, cultures, personalities and professions. It was very impressive. This time, I was
very difficult with memory lapse because of trying to remember everything since they are
new to me. But on the other hand, I felt like I have new life.
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Gasshuku – Team building training: Promote own ability, learn from the others
Here in Ise, a southern city of Mie, the place that Gasshuku was conducted, we have
learned a lot of new things and experience. We came to know that anyone can be a leader,
anyone has their own strength. We all are important and equal and we can tackle
everything if we are united…. These lessons we learnt when we solved problems by
staying and working together in teams for 4 days and 3 nights. During these 4 days, all of
us who just knew to one another embarked ourselves to discovery journey by living,
working and learning and playing altogether to grow our teamwork, mutual understanding
and cooperation.
Tomo-san, the Gasshuku trainer from Project
Adventure Japan was very nice person, friendly
and active. Enthusiastically, she gave us a number
of lessons and we got learnt a lot from that. We
found that in almost exercises or problems
provided, smooth teamwork, creativity and
sometime a little luck are necessary elements for
successes. We learned that for problems, there
should be different approaches in specific cases,
and sometimes we have to “think out of the box”,
“look from different aspects” and problems could
not be solved by individual. Side by side altogether, think, cooperate for a suitable
consensus solution to address the situation and solution for that. There were also very
important and necessary to discuss again after each activity to define the lessons and
experience from that to improve the learning process.
Through the “Staying Together”, I discovered that each of us is very different in terms of
thinking, styles and personalities. These training activities enabled me to use this excellent
opportunity to explore and to develop my personal and work trails, working styles and
characteristics.
One of unforgettable memories was the challenging task when we design our logo and
motto. Apart from what we have learnt and united altogether, we settled on our motto
‘Love and Learn Together’. Thanks to our 43rd Angel – Maria for excellent Logo.
April 12th - Opening Ceremony – The first big event
On the morning of the day, we was given the second Orientation by Prof. Hideyuki Kita Chairman IATSS Forum Program Committee, once again we have been assured that the
forum is participant-centered and will
provided the most favorable condition for us
to brighten our characters, we are the one
we evaluate ourselves how deeply and
broadly we have gained and developed.
On the afternoon of the day, we all were in
the Hotel Hall where the Opening Ceremony
was taken place. Everyone looked very
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smart and beautiful in their traditional attires. They seemed to ready for the selfintroduction in Japanese. The introduction was not too long, just few short sentences with
simple words, however I myself think that I still have long way to go. Anyway, finally the
most important moment has come. We were grateful for the Chairman and representatives
of various Forum Committees, our respective embassy representatives, Forum volunteers
and Guests that came to grace the Opening Ceremony.
The Japanese Cultural Introduction Day
The Japanese Cultural Introduction Day was one of the most unforgettable memories to me.
The day of 13th April which the event held, was also the New Year of two countries Laos
and Thailand. Certainly, that day was the special New Year welcoming for my brothers
and sisters from the two countries. The day was excellent with group of enthusiastic
Japanese volunteers who have been host families for IATSS participants’ homestays for
more than 20 years. Thank to them, we were enlightened through their efforts in trying
very hard to introduce Japanese cultural in English to blur people like me. I was very
impressed by the Japanese culture exhibition with so many things that they brought to as
well as their wonderful performances: skit, large drum playing, kimono dress-up showing,
tea ceremony… which were very fascinating and unique Japanese traditional style. I really
appreciate and got insight the excellence of Japanese culture that day. Also, the hilarious
role-play would be useful for my homestay later.
Group Study Theme Lecture “Population Issues”
The theme for group study was on “Population Issues” and introduced by Ms. Kiyoko
Ikegami, Director of the UN Population Fund Japan Office. This lecture was mainly
discussed on Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Gender Issue. Objective
focuses on understanding the roles and goals of MDGs and what are the gender issues
arising. Lecturer highlights on the question “What is poverty?” and in what ways can we
measure it. The definition of measurement is highly subjective according to each country.
Emphasize on two key words on right-based approach and result-based approach that are
measurable and able to review. It was an impression on the introduction on MDGs and the
issues pertaining to population issues. Although it seems that to achieve the MDGs is a
very difficult task (some says that it is impossible to complete some of objectives of the 8
goals before 2015) but clearly and surely there are commitments of different nations and
the struggles of people in striving to make the world with a brighter future.
The two days theme guiding lecture was successful in give us awareness on issues related
to population such as: hunger eradication/ food security, poverty alleviation, healthcare,
environment protection, education…. Some of us were eye-openers on this area since we
come from different field of work. Thank to our grateful lecturer, we have been equipped
ourselves with a lot of new knowledge and skills related to development and project work.
This would be very helpful for our own self-development, for our career as well as it might
help us in making contribution to the course of development of our countries in some way.
Facilitation Skills
This is one of the most important skills not only for us to interact and work here in this
Forum but also it is necessary for our job. Also, it would be indispensable for leaders. This
section was introduced by Ms. Keiko Tsubaki – NPO Global Network of Facilitators.
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Facilitation skills certainly is a part of for leadership skills, which helps in “maximize the
group's potential and leave nothing unused in working to achieve goals”. After being gone
through this section, I discovered that I still have a lot of work need to be done if I want to
be a good facilitator. Before, I have never thought that I am a good facilitator - I thought I
was not so bad, but actually I was that bad. I was not a good facilitator as I did things that a
good facilitator shouldn’t do. However, with new knowledge and skills provided through
practicing, I learned more about my weaknesses. I determined to overcome my weaknesses.
Understanding that the best way to overcome a weakness was to face it and acknowledge it.
I determined to build up my skills and confidence and to see that I was becoming a better
person even though I may not become a perfect facilitator.
Seminars
Diplomatic Policy
One of my favorite seminars was “Diplomatic Policy” given by Prof. Satoshi
MORIMOTO – Director, Institute of World Studies, Takushoku University. Actually, this
seminar was focused on “National Security Issues” and we were given an overview picture
on international context (today’s world) and a variety of knowledge on foreign policies as
well as general information of some power center in the world.
Apart form the lecture, we learnt that every nation has a foreign policy to ensure that its
needs are represented in the global community. On my own points of view, in the past,
especially during the Cold War, and throughout history, power has used in the international
scene to push forward national interests and agendas, sometimes without any regard to the
nations and people they may directly or indirectly affect. This has sometimes resulted in a
rise in resentment against some of these nations who are then seen as bullies, getting away
with many acts of hypocrisy. In the increasingly smaller global community, "national
interests" do not necessarily mean that they are good for the international community. It is
sometimes difficult to decide when national interests and international concerns should be
addressed in a balanced way. The United Nations, an international body to tackle various
global concerns, as an example, has been constantly abused by those who have the power
to act unilaterally when the international community's views and opinions do not agree
with their own national interests.
About Japan – Vietnam diplomatic tie: the economic, political, cultural relations are
continuously extended; mutual understanding and trust between two countries are
significantly improved. In 2002, leaders of the two countries agreed to promote Vietnam –
Japan relations in accordance with guideline “ensuring partnership, long stable”. During
the visit to Vietnam of the Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs in July, 2004, two sides
signed the Joint Statement “Toward a Higher Sphere of Enduring Partnership". In terms of
diplomatic policy of Vietnam towards Japan, certainly: “Japan is one of the most important
partners of Vietnam”.
International Cooperation
The only seminar conducted during our Kyoto field study was with Prof. Dr. Tsutomu
Mizota, Institute of Tropical Medicine, National University of Nagasaki, Former
UN/UNICEF Tokyo Representative.
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I was very impressed with what Prof. Mizota provided us, also what we have learnt from
him. Another reason for my impression on this seminar was that I was the coordinator that
day. As I mentioned on my seminar essay: Before, I thought that International Cooperation
was something like diplomatic ties between one country with another countries etc. After
attending the seminar, I have learned that International Cooperation is the activities to help
people in developing countries improve their lifestyle and develop not only their economic
independence, but also an independence of mind.
The seminar consisted several content, but mainly focused on Official Development
Assistance (ODA) situations: on the perspectives of donator’s and also recipient’s
countries. On this topic, through the lecture plus with secondary information, I learnt new
thing that: In 1970, the richest countries in the world agreed to provide 0.7 percent of their
gross national income (GNI) for development assistance, but when I looked at the Table of
Net ODA through years, there are only five of them have met this target, i.e. Norway,
Denmark, Sweden, the Netherlands and Luxemburg. Even though these targets and
agendas have been set, year after year almost all rich nations have constantly failed to
reach their agreed obligations of the 0.7% target. It clearly shows that there is a wide gap
between commitment and the reality of aid. Another finding from lecture was that: the
quality of the aid has been poor. Development assistance is often of dubious quality. In
many cases, aid/assistance is primarily designed to serve the strategic and economic
interests of the donor countries.
In terms of ODA, Japan is the world’s second largest provider, after the US, in terms of
annual financial amount, accounting for 20% of the total ODA flow around the world. To
Vietnam, Japan is the largest donor to our country. From 1992 to 2005, the total Japanese
ODA for Vietnam reached about US$ 11 billion, accounting for over 30% of the total
committed ODA from the international community to Vietnam; the said amount includes
US$ 1.4 billion of non-refundable aids.
Group Study – Learn right from wrong
The theme of the Group Study for 43rd batch
was on “Population Issues”. My group
decided to work on issues pertaining to
migration issues on Indonesia with the focus
on building pride in the community by
promoting the ideas of “OVOP – One Village
One Product”. We then decided “Rokunin no
Harmony” for our group name which means
the Harmony of 6 people. It describes us quite
well as we were trying to work things out in
harmony. However, I discovered that the most
challenging aspect of the group study was not solely on the content but also the challenges
in collaborating with members from different background, working styles, culture and
personalities to accomplish the assignment without big conflicts. As what we have learnt
before plus with own experiences, we all know that listen to each other, trust and respect
members’ ideas are very important which lead us to success. Since we come from very
different background and most of us are quite strange with project work, we were trying
learnt from our mistakes; looked for and improved weakness; understand each other’s
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motivation, strengths as well as maintained communication among group members.
However, it was not easy to bring so many strong ideas and characters into one voice.
Anyway, we have been trying our best for common goal, hopefully, we will “pass the
exam”….
Homestay – Unforgettable time in life
Life in IATSS is not always work and no play. To me, the time during my homestay was
enjoyable and relaxing which we have been working hard. Some of us were too excited to
meet our host families and what would be waiting for us in the first ever staying with
Japanese families. Not like other participants, I did not know my host family until the day
they came to pick me. However, I was quite happy that day when I see Asami Matsuda, the
host family daughter, she is very cute and kind to me. Soon after, I met others Matsudas
members, they all came to pick me up.
During my homestay, there were quite a lot of
interesting things to me. The seaside house was quite
small with 2 bed rooms, kitchen and living room shared,
but still the garden. This could a uniqueness of their
culture which Japanese people always be close to the
nature. The most impression of mine was about Haruki
– a cousin of host family mother. He was bold with his
long hair and artistic temperament. He is a Japanese
paper-cut artist. From him, I knew that in Japanese,
paper-cut art is usually called kirie. That day, I had very good chance to appreciate the
paper-cut art which clearly showed the creativeness and uniqueness of Japanese culture.
He started with locally hand made Japanese paper, usually containing a colored
wash. After applying several layers, he used small knives to patiently cut the intricate
designs, based on his own original art works. Normally, it takes many days to complete
even a small picture. Even looking at these works in person, it is not obvious that they are
created by cutting paper. Only when you get close up and see the various layers of colored
paper you realize that the intricate detail is all done with knives.
The time to say goodbye finally came, my host family offered me a ladies’ Yukata as a
memory about them, about Japan and its culture. I could only say: “Thank you so much for
everything you’ve done for me, I will never forget this moment”.
Cultural Exchange Day – Working in multicultural environment
Before coming to Japan, my seniors from Vietnam
Alumni warned me about Cultural Exchange Day.
Anyway, “the show must go on”. We prepared for our
big day quite well. The initial few rehearsals went
smoothly. According to some participants, our
Cultural Exchange Day was “the happiest day”. After
we had been tired to prepare and practice for the CED
for a month, we finally made our own day completely
successful. The event went smoothly process
according to plan thank to the active involvement and
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cooperation from everyone, but most important person must be counted was Jirada (Tai) –
the wonderful coordinator who made the greatest contribution to brighten our day.
Look back to the preparation process, we were so stressful with the reports, assignments
etc. We felt very difficult to made everything met the deadlines while maintaining
rehearsals. There were also a lot of other matters that demand priority from some of us that
prevented us from putting the heart and soul into the practice. Although the turn-out on the
CED was less than expectation, however, they retained until the last minutes. The program
was well executed as it was well-organized and sufficient rehearsed; all of us enjoyed
performing to the delighted audience.
The event came much more meaningful as it was one of the most successful ever in history
of IATSS Forum program. Moreover, the auction money was out of expectation (more
than 50,000 yen) and would be donated to Myanmar, the country had been affected by
damage of Nagris cyclone, caused more than 20,000 people died and more than 40,000
others missing. So, we all felt happy when everything was done not because of we have
fulfilled our task, but we made a wonderful things to contributed to reduce the pain for the
victims in Myanmar. In order to achieve it, Masumi-san and other staff have put a lot of
effort to help us. Thank Masumi and all of you for your contribution, translation &
guidance and so on, the big day would not be successful without you.
Nara Visit and Individual Plan Days in Kyoto
Nara
April 26th, after visit Suzuka Circuit Traffic Education Centre, we left our base for Nara.
Spent about 2 hours on the bus, we enjoyed a movie about Ninja. The movie was very
interesting, unfortunately there was no English translation or subtitle. When we arrived
Nara, it was about evening. The first impression about Nara was the 5 story temple.
Through introduction materials about Nara provided, we understand that Nara occupies an
important position in the history of Japan. Nara is also a home of various World Heritage
sites such as Horyuji Temple, Todaiji Temple which we visited later on, and others
including numerous Buddhist art and architecture classified as National Treasures and
Important Cultural Asset.
We visited Todaiji Temple on the following day after
arrival. Todaiji (Great Eastern Temple) is one of
Japan's most famous temples and a landmark of Nara.
Located in Nara Park, in central Nara, Todaiji was
constructed in the year 752 as the head temple of all
provincial Buddhist temples of Japan. The name
Todaiji derives from its location east of Nara, which
was the capital of Japan when it was built. The second
place that we paid a visit was Horyuji Temple.
Founded by Prince Shotoku in 607 long before Kyoto
was capital of Japan, Horyuji is a large temple south of Nara which houses the oldest
wooden buildings in the world.
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Kyoto
Leaving Nara, we moved to Kyoto. Kyoto was Japan's capital and the emperor's residence
from 794 until 1868. It is now the country's seventh largest city with a population of 1.4
million people and a modern face. Over the centuries, Kyoto was destroyed by many wars
and fires, but due to its historic value, the city was dropped from the list of target cities for
the atomic bomb and spared from air raids during World War II. Countless temples,
shrines and other historically priceless structures survive in the city today.
The day began, we felt free since that was the first time we go with out arrangement, at the
same time we had to survive in Kyoto because we had to go alone with no help from
IATSS staff. However, we had a city map with us and we found that Kyoto was easier to
go around than we thought. Two day in Kyoto, I whether walked or took public
transportation which I did not often do in my country. That also was the first time I
experienced Subway in Japan. For my own points of view, public transportation in Kyoto
is very well operated, convenient and inexpensive.
The first feeling was that the city is a wonderful combination of the old and the new.
Depart from my original plan, I began the day by taking subway to far-north of the city to
get Kyoto International Conference Center (KICC). This is the place that well-known
Kyoto Protocol signed. After spending time for awhile to observe unusual hexagonal
framework of KICC, I left for Kinkakuji Temple. Kinkakuji means the temple of the
Golden Pavilion. The three-story pavilion extends over the pond and is reflected in the
calm waters, an image designed to suggest an existence somewhere between heaven and
earth. The harmony of the pavilion and its reflection make Kinkaku-ji one of Kyoto's most
powerful visions.
The next destination was Kyoto Handicraft
Centre where I spent more than 1 and half hour
just wandering around. The arts and craft works,
which were on display here not only showed the
rich and thoughtful history of the development
of the art form but also expressed the changes in
the social conditions and classifications in Japan.
Depart from Handicraft Center, I walked to
Heian Jingu Shrine. The Heian Jingu was built
in 1895 for the 1,100th anniversary of the
establishment of Heiankyo (Kyoto). The shine is
impressive with its unique color – all red and a beautiful garden with small pond behind.
Anyone who loves gardens will adore the shrine. My mind was at ease and I felt calm as
the water when I was there alone.
In the evening of the day, I went to Gion corner to experience The Essence of Japanese
Traditional Arts and Entertainment. As in many introduction, Gion is the most precious
district in Kyoto where history and tradition are surely still preserved, and that is where
Gion Corner is. My first day in Kyoto was underlined by experiencing an overview of 7
kinds of Japanese traditional arts and entertainment performance at Gion: Kyoto style
Dance, Flower Arrangement, Tea Ceremony, Japanese Harp, Comic Play, Court Music and
Puppet Play. This would be one of the essential moments of time in Japan.
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I started my second day by visiting a foodie paradise: Nishiki Food market. Known as
"Kyoto's Kitchen", Nishiki Market has a history of several centuries, and many stores have
been operated by the same families for generations. Nishiki was established some 400years ago, and continues to draw in locals and tourists alike. I am not very interested in
food and cooking related destination but Nishiki Market would be an exception. Came
back from the Food market, I visited to Nijo Castle. Nijo-jo was built in 1603 by
Tokugawa Ieyasu, the founding shogun of the Edo shogunate which ruled Japan from the
beginning of the 17th century, for use as a base when he was in Kyoto. On the afternoon of
the day, Kiyomizudera visit became the most valuable to me during my time in Kyoto.
Kiyomizudera (The Pure Water Temple) is said to be founded in 780 AD, however the
present building just built in 1633. Kiyomizudera commands an exalted spot on a steep hill
in eastern Kyoto. The main hall of the Temple is notable for its vast veranda, supported by
hundreds of wooden pillars, which juts out over the hillside and offers beautiful views of
the city. Below the cliff of the temple a clear stream spills into a waterfall. Within the
precincts are sakura which bloom in spring and leaves which turn red in autumn. In 1994,
the temple was added to the list of UNESCO world heritage sites.
Out of the 2 day visit Kyoto individually, we had chance to visit Kyoto Imperial Palace.
This is where the imperial family lived from 1331 until 1868 when they moved to Tokyo.
The palace was destroyed several times by fire but was always rebuilt in its original style;
the present buildings date from 1855. Modestly furnished with delicate decorations, the
palace shows the restful designs of the peaceful Heian Period. The emperor's private
garden is graceful with plants and small pond. I was interesting despite of intense heat of
the sun. However, we were not permitted to entry to building, just taking photo from
outside.
After staying one week in Kyoto, we all felt exhausted, still we enjoyed our time in here.
Thanks to IATSS Forum, I had chance to better understanding the traditional Japanese art
and culture and deepen knowledge of Japan.
Visit and Individual Plan in Tokyo
After visiting many different places in Japan such as Ise, Iga, Tsu, Nagoya, Nara, Kyoto
and Kobe, we have chance to visit Tokyo, the place that we all so excited to head for now.
After spending about 3 hours of traveling from Suzuka to Nagoya by train and then
Shinkansen (bullet train) from Nagoya and several subway changes in Tokyo, we finally
arrived at our hotel “Villa Fontaine” in Shiodome. Shiodome is the most recent
development of Tokyo's urban planners and you can feel it at Villa Fontaine. The building
is extremely modern and partially used as office space. It is typical Tokyo: You can spend
an entire day without ever seeing the sunlight. The hotel is connected via an underground
passage to the Shiodome station and Shimbashi metro and JR station. Very convenient.
Tokyo is really an ocean of people with more
than 12.7 million inhabitants. For me, Tokyo
was a heaven for the eyes. Everything was
something I'd never seen before. Kyoto still
has tradition, but Tokyo is a truly unique city.
My first impression of Tokyo, with its neon lit
buildings was that I had just stepped into a
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video game. Tokyo is a large sprawling mega city, with tall glass skyscrapers. In this city,
the people move at an incredible pace. I found that going against the flow of traffic could
mean being trampled. It’s best to go with the flow. Another impression was the Rail
system. It is reliable, fast and cheaper than any taxi fares. I am sure that rail system in here
is one of the best in the world, but it moves fast and you need to be on time and quick to
keep up. A few times I was almost left standing on the platform because I did not get
myself on the train fast enough.
There was a little bit disappointed for our individual plan in Tokyo because it was raining
almost of the two days. I started my individual plan by visiting Odaiba, an artificial island
in Tokyo Bay. This island is an extension of the city of Tokyo. It is a good stopping point
to see Tokyo's skyline or to take a boat ride for some sightseeing. Odaiba is actually a very
large complex containing restaurants, shops and entertainment area. I took this chance to
have a ride on the big wheel near Toyota Showroom. It is said that this wheel is keeping
world record for it height; it gave me another spectacular memory of the view of Tokyo. I
really enjoyed my trip to Odaiba for its varieties of unique buildings, beautiful Rainbow
Bridge and museums, etc.
The Miraikan is my favorite new discovery, what an excellent museum! Mirai means
future, and the Miraikan is Tokyo's 'National Museum of Emerging Science and
Innovation'. The building itself is gorgeous, and it is filled with an overwhelming amount
of stimulating scientific information. There are exhibits on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th floors, and
on the 6th is a dome theater, 'Gaia'. The showpiece of the museum is the large globe,
suspended from the ceiling, made of a million LED's. The 1st floor exhibition space is
currently under renovation. The 3rd floor exhibits are divided into two topics: 'Innovation
& the Future' and 'Information Science & Technology for Society'. The 5th floor exhibits
are also divided into two topics: 'Life Science' and 'The Earth Environment & Frontiers'.
There is an in depth focus on 'green' technology. I am sure that if someone has any interest
in science, he would be here all day.
The Museum of Maritime Science is a large museum dedicated to ships and everything
related to them. The museum itself was built to look like a ship, and there are a number of
real vessels surrounding it, some of which can be boarded and explored. Actually, I have
never had much of an interest in ships, I still enjoyed the museum. The first floor exhibits
focus on ship history, design, propulsion, shipbuilding, and
marine development. There are some excellent replicas of the
most famous ships in history. The second floor exhibits focus
on maritime transportation, ships & seaports, ships & fishing,
maritime safety, defending the oceans,... The third floor
exhibits focus on Japanese boats. I really enjoyed these as I
am interested in Japanese history. There is also a radiocontrolled boat corner, and a replica of a ship's bridge. The
museum is obviously located waterfront, so there are some
fantastic views of Tokyo Bay and of the shipyards nearby.
In the afternoon, I decided to visit some famous main
shopping districts such as Ikebukoro and Shibuya area. Those
places which has totally opposite atmosphere compared to the quiet Odaiba. Shibuya is the
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trendy area for Tokyo's youth, where fashions and styles get started for all of Japan. It's a
vibrant, always moving place, with a variety of department stores, shops, cinemas,
restaurants and bars. Since that day was weekends, Shibuya became extremely crowded.
Flows of people came from many different directions. I felt that I was drowning in the
ocean of people. But Shibuya is an area where there is a high concentration of good
looking people. Other than manufacturing cute and pretty things, the Japanese really know
how to make themselves look cute and pretty too! Shopping experience in Tokyo is also
something very impressive to me. Once in Shibuya, after paying for my inexpensive Tshirt at the counter, I expected the sales assistant to hand me the parcel she was holding.
But instead, she accompanied me to the exit and only then did she offer the parcel to me,
with a smile and a deep bow. Having had to put up with rude sales assistants in my country
for many years, I was moved.
I continued my journey to Ueno on the second day. My friends said Ueno is one of the best
places for shopping. There is a bunch of shops but to be honest, I was not in my shopping
mood that day. I just looked around comparing the prices and enjoyed the trip. As planned
before, I visited the National Museum of Nature and Science. National Science Museum
held a grand opening for its new annex. The overarching theme of the new annex is 'The
History of Life on Earth - Human Beings in Coexistence with Nature'. Life on Earth, one
of the smaller planets in our solar system, began some four billion years ago. Over that
vast expanse of time, as the Earth's environment continually changed, life adapted with it,
evolving into an immense variety of forms through adaptations to the Earth's changing
environment. Humans first appeared around six million years ago. Though the reasoning
ability of humans led to the development of modern science, it also fostered the enormous
impact we have on the global environment. In the museum, I found an exhibit on the coevolution of the Earth and its inhabitants, along with a history of the development of
intelligent thought in humans. The exhibit encourages us to think about what we can do to
protect this planet that is our home, to create a society based on balance and harmony with
the Earth's ecosystem. Leaving Ueno, I went Akihabara – the Mecca of electronic products.
Akihabara is the famous place as Electric town. I spent a half of the day just wandering
around the Akihabara, which is literally hundreds of small shops selling all manner of
electronic parts, devices and equipments. There are also small shops selling everything
from individual components to fully assembled systems of all types. So here is end of my
first ever trip to Tokyo, I have been missing this busy but colorful and beautiful city very
much.
Last words
The 57 days spending in Japan has helped me in self-development, changing my way of
thinking and learning to build up my leadership skills. The programme provided by IATSS
Forum, with a multi-disciplinary approach, provided me a better understanding of the
problems that the developing world is faced with and made me realize the urgencies of
these issues for possible solutions. I have learnt a lot from Japanese people and their
uniqueness. Also, from other participants, I have learnt good experiences and lessons from
them. This definitely helps enhance my career and personal growth.
I hope that with knowledge, skills and experiences gained from the Forum, I can make
more contributions and inputs to development of Vietnam. I also hope that through
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contacts and connections we have, we will establish and develop the network among
ASEAN countries and also Japan, to contribute to promoting people-to-people relations
among these countries and conducive to peace, cooperation and development in the region.
I would like to thank all IATSS Forum staff for their professionalism and effort that they
offered to make this program successful. I also would like to thank all of our lecturers,
Japanese participants and volunteers for their kind effort and contribution and hospitality. I
know I could never say enough thank you to all the people that help us to make this
program much meaningful. Lastly, to all my dear brothers and sisters: Thank you all for
making these 57 days unforgettable experiences for me. The friendships that we made here
will definitely last for lifetime. This is not the end of our journey together, but just a
beginning…!!
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Learning by Sharing and Doing in the real sense!
Van Thi Minh Huyen
Vietnam
My acute overall feeling
Joining the 57-day program of IATSS Forum in Japan was an invaluable part of my life
because I have accomplished a great deal in terms of knowledge, understanding (both
about myself and about others), and enjoyment. Living, sharing and learning in this
environment of ASEAN colorful cultures in the context of well-conditioned Japanese
settings have brought me unforgettable and precious experience, which I believe will last
long in my whole life as a citizen of the world and a human being at the same time.
Through a series of various activities ranging from seminars to formation of publications, I
have approached a multi-faceted, dynamic, yet meaningful life and stepped up to higher
pedestal in my own career and spiritual wealth. Therefore, I am heavily indebted to the
significant cooperation of my dear ASEAN co-participants, the tireless support of all
IATSS Forum organizers and staff, and the great contribution of noted lecturers and
instructors, as well as all other volunteers and people whose assistance during our stay in
Japan is enormously uncountable.
Since words fail to express my sincere gratitude to all of you, I would like to invite you to
join my accomplishment route series. Hopefully, you will find a “new”, “better”, and
“more motivated” me at the end of the route preparing for and heading toward a turning
point to an opening avenue namely “Newness: Thinking and Learning together”. Here we go!
1. Beginning point: Arrival
Hello everyone, I was here in Japan. Nagoya
Airport was my first place in the country of the
rising sun, where Haga san and Oba san and others
were waiting to meet us. I met my ASEAN friends
there. They all looked happy though they had had
quite a long flight, and we soon got on well with
each other. Believe me or not, you can look at our
group photo.
The weather in Nagoya was much colder than we
expected, but I felt so warm inside to start my
exciting journey with my smiling friends around.
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On the way from Nagoya to Suzuka, Oba san gave us brief introduction to Nagoya. One
important piece of information I remembered was that this city is the second largest one
after Tokyo. I saw sakura flowers along the two sides of the road with white and pink
colors. I was also surprised at Japanese small cars, and we wondered what those fields of
curved and shaped lines of small green trees were (green tea!), and I slept a bit, sorry!
And my heart jumped when I saw the ASEAN countries’, IATSS Forum’s, and Japanese
flags in front of me. I only saw them in pictures before. We were then warmly greeted by
IATSS staff. We were given room keys and had our USBs and laptops checked for viruses.
We regretted that Maiko san had not been here. Lunch time started at 12:00. IATSS staff
had waited until all of us had lunch. We should have waited to eat with them, but couldn’t.
Itadakimasu! Oishidesune!
It was 1 pm that we had our first Orientation by Masumi san inside the Seminar room and
we went in the Facility tour with Oba san and Teruyo san at 3 pm. In front of the public
bathroom (Onsen), Oba san said, “You can develop naked relationship there”, I opened my
mouth wide (Naze desuka?), and understood when getting inside. Cho san was so shocked!
All women were naked going out and in!
2. Gasshuku (Team Building Training)
12:20, April 8, we left for Ise city. 13:40 we arrived there and were
welcomed by three beats of gong, so hospitable and respectful they
were to us! Three days and a half for Gasshuku was fun and
meaningful for me in a sense that I started to feel in team with my
participants. Our dear instructor, Tomoko san, was a very dynamic
and inspiring teamwork guide. We had both theoretical and practical training. In theory, I
would never forget the learning pyramid, and the set TASK, INDIVIDUAL, and TEAM. A
team can only work when there is a clear common task to achieve on the basis of each
individual concerned; put it another way, all individuals share hands to fulfill a task under
team spirit. To put our knowledge into practice, we had a series of tasks to do (games, I
could name a lot of them here!), some were quite challenging (games). We realized that we
should gather our heads, plan, learn from mistakes, respect others, be helpful, listen, relate
to others, and kaizen (continuous improvement). Our 43rd batch’s mission statement and
logo were created under the light of such Gasshuku! My final impression of those
Gasshuku days was a new arrangement of participants’ positions with all the “ice” being
broken, and I felt comfortable sitting next to the ones who were treated acquaintances just
one day before. “We learn from our experiences, and the experiences help us to grow.
Let’s see the strengths of individuals and as a team. Let’s reflect upon the experiences so
that we know how to improve ourselves!” (For IATSS Forum 2008.04 by Tomoko Seki)
3. Seminars
Generally, the program’s seminars had brought us more enhanced knowledge and
understanding about a series of large-scale issues affecting the whole world, Japan as well
as the ASEAN countries. By means of country presentation, lecturer’s presentation, and
group discussion, we were really involved in the concerned issue. Surely, the topic studied
and discussed and the action plan produced as a result of group discussion needed to be
adjusted and modified in the actual settings and conditions in each country accordingly.
However, the greatest benefit so far of such seminars has been a common forum for
common issues to be addressed both in the long term and short term by the ASEAN
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countries, Japan, and the globe. Personally, I have achieved significantly in a sense that a
clearer picture that captures the current situation of all the chosen topics concerned
globally as well as from each country’s perspective is being developed in me. Hopefully,
my enhanced knowledge and understanding can contribute to the enlightenment of my
future action and other people who can be affected by me one way or another.
Policies of Politics and Diplomacy, and International relations: Be more politically and
diplomatically-minded!
In the Political Policies seminar, through the three designated countries’ presentation, I
partly captured an overview of the political systems in Malaysia, the Philippines, and
Myanmar. Moreover, I had obtained some generalization about the system of Japan’s
politics, which was a parliamentary monarchy governed by a Prime Minister and his
cabinet. The Diet (the bicameral parliament) was composed of the upper House of
Councilors (shagi-in) and the lower House of Representatives (shugi-in). Our lecture,
Professor Yoshiharu Tsuboi, also mentioned the role of the Emperor before and after
World War 2 with the loss of most of its decisional power. Several more things I had
learned from the seminar were about the Royal Family, bipolar Japanese society in the past,
and social problems that Japan is facing now including an ageing society, reduced birth
rate, educational paradox, changes in lifetime employment and seniority promotion
systems. On question remained in my mind that I thought I would dig deeper was the
lecturer’s comment at the end of the seminar, “Please see Japan as a lesson for you to study,
not an example to follow.”
In the seminar on Diplomatic policies, I understood how complicated and tactical
diplomats were. Through professor Satoshi Morimoto’s rich-content story, I could grasp a
snapshot of the current situation of today’s world in terms of current relationships, future
directions, and the nature of diplomatic policy. In particular, we were told about the US
election system, the change of political polars after Cold War 1991, the “Recovery of a
Strong Russia” campaign in Russia, the notorious issue of Tibet in the People Republic of
China and its direction toward Europe and the US, as well as the structural change of
Europe after the Cold War, and the Middle East as the most serious and unstable area in
the world now. Furthermore, I knew something about Japanese history. Only after on-day
seminar, I decided on my own to be more diplomatically-minded from then on.
As for the International relations seminar, particularly the ODA’s
current status and future prospects, I put myself in the real situations
of the ODA’s common problems among Cambodia, Laos, and
Vietnam: corruption, mismanagement, and over-reliance. The group
discussion with the designated project proposal writing, our group
was the most creative one with a Japanese ODA-funded project for Singapore. I was afraid
that it could be more or less offensive to Japanese people when the suicide rate was
mentioned though our lecturer, Mr. Tsutomu Mizota seemed to be quite open-minded
about it.
Our professor’s lecturing style was typically traditional and his careful hand-noting
reminded me of my respected old teacher. I got one important new idea from his lecture:
East and West approaches – the transition of value in the globe. In particular, Japan
represented the eastern mind-set, which was more of a vertical direction with the ageing
population living in the computerized and internationalized society, and Japan found it
hard to have a harmonized gearing to the West’s horizontal direction. Therefore, Japan
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now is learning to communicate and establish dialogues with people. Collaboration with
the ASEAN neighbors could be an example.
Small business development
Enterprise Strategies I (23 April) and 2 (21 May): “Family Mart” convenience stores
The first seminar gave me the background of Family Mart’s
franchise system of convenience stores. I was particularly interested
in the marketing aspects of the business, which emphasized
consumer habit, differentiation strategies, and strategies of the
business to expand overseas. Could the next destination of Family
Mart be Vietnam? The seminar also challenged us with a series of
quizzes about the success or failure of some Family Mart’s
convenience stores due to location. The second seminar, which was held in Tokyo, was a
follow-up activity. We actually worked in field to find out why this store sold well while
others couldn’t. I learnt a great deal about this business’s new strategy from 2005 when
they launched a campaign to regain customer awareness and friendliness. They wanted
Family Mart not just only a convenience store but “a store that touches people’s heart like
comfortable, relaxing, and fun”. That was why the company’s marketers came up with the
brand value standard of “FMness”. As for me, the ideas of the company’s age and income
segmentation into Family Mart and Famima and its social responsibility for franchisees
(helped to make all franchisees successful) were vivid and valuable. At home, I would
study more about the specific features of distribution system for food in Japan.
Moku Moku Farm’s story: Environmentally-friendly and sustainable, therefore inspriring!
It was one important part of the seminar called “Sustainable rural development and its
platform in contracting Japan” by Professor Shigeru Fukushima. His lecture was illustrated
with this business model directed by Mr. Kimura. Through Mr. Kimura’s story of his
Moku Moku Farm’s history, philosophy, present time, and future plans, I found Moku
Moku Farm a successful business model in the rural area because it achieved several
targets at the same time: healthy foods, education for children with hands-on experience,
development of agriculture-oriented economy by attracting young people and reducing
urbanization phenomenon, environment protection, and a new form of tourism. And could
anyone guess the meaning of Moku Moku? The Kanji characters represent Tree, and they
also meant Smoke. Smoke came from Moku Moku’s kitchens and from Ninjas (here in Iga
city was the mecca of Ninjas).
Japanese Culture – The Way of the Warrior – A brand new subject for me
This Japanese martial art seminar was also special because it was conducted by a foreigner
from New Zealand, Mr. Alexander Bernett, who had gained a Ph.D! By his impressive
presentation on the topic, illustrated with shinai sword and hakama, and other tools, and
DVD TV show, I got some ideas about the four schools of swordmanship, the deeplyrooted spirit of samurais, and the revitalization of swordmanship in the present Japanese
educational system.
The most fascinating and fabulous part of the seminar was the afternoon kendo practice,
starting with some basic principles of foot moving and fighting the opponent; and a real
tournament with mask and sword, plastic and rubber, and we all forgot the basics of kendo,
just trying to fight on the opponent’s head (men), body side (dou), wrist (kote), and throat
(tsuki). Oh, I thought that we should always remember the kendo principles and the
zanshin spirit (constant alertness and never take anything for granted!)
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4. Group Study
In my opinion, Group Study (GS) is the most important component of the IATSS Forum
Program since it clearly conveys the long-established spirit of the IATSS Forum of
“Thinking and Learning Together”. Therefore, it is a going-though activity of the whole
57-day program, which requires the most orientation, groupwork, and monitoring and
evaluation. In order to prepare for the fruitful results and effectiveness of GS, we had
obtained two theme lectures about population issues (GS knowledge provision), two
training sessions about facilitation skills (GS skill provision). They were considered the
solid foundation which had guided us though the eight sessions of GS on our own.
Furthermore, to secure the appropriate direction of GS, we had two more sessions of
Intermediate Presentation which gave the chance of the group’s possible adjustments by
comments from other peer groups’ members, and Final Guidance which provided by the
two base instructors of the population theme and facilitation skills to evaluate and feedback
on the general performance of GS in accordance with the intended ultimate objective of
GS. After the Final Guidance session, each group had more time to complete its GS
product with Rehearsal and Presentation. In short, the whole process of GS represented
the concerted effort of various people ranging from instructors to peer participants and the
group members themselves. As a result, the success or failure of GS activity could draw
precious lessons for further teamwork development. In my viewpoint, GS could be
analyzed in both content-based and skill-based approaches.
Theme lectures about Population issues (14&15 April): I mistakenly thought that
population problem was just population explosion!
The theme for this GS activity was Population Issues, which was supposed
to provide us with the background information about population for our
GS discussion basis. Our lecturer was Ms. Kiyoko Ikegami, Director of
UNFPA Tokyo Office. I admired her greatly because of her specialist
knowledge on population and other social-related issues, perfect English, an entertaining
teaching method, a nice character, and a lovely smile! I was strongly inspired by this new theme.
On the first day, she started her lecture by asking us the meaning of orange colour with
regard to population. No one knew. The answer was it represented YOUTH. Young people
accounted for more than half of the present world population, which had approximately 6.8
million people. Their need for food, clothes, shelter, and other facilities was abundant and
increasing. Associated problems would arise with this tendency, so they should be
educated accordingly in this area of population issues. My superficial understanding of
population was merely population explosion. However, life was not that simple, now I
could make an unbelievably long list of population issues. The things remained in my mind
included those questions: 1. Is population simply a social issue? No, it is political,
economic, environmental, and etc.; 2. Can a government control population using its own
power? No.; 3. Is it a natural trend that as economy grows fertility rate is low? May be.; 4.
What direction does a government pursue to solve population problems? It’s a hard
question to answer. On the second day, some main characteristics of the Millenium
Development Goals (MDGs) were analyzed such as the political and cultural aspects of
these goals, the result-based approach of these goals (measurable indicators were needed to
evaluate results). In order to have sustainable attainment of those goals, there needed to be
CLEAR in objectives (and indicators), oversight and monitoring and evaluation method
(M&E).
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By means of lecturer’s and participants’ explanations of technical development terms or
sharing country-specific situations (we went from Goal 1 to Goal 8 as designated by the
lecturer the day before), I learned a great deal because each participant had studied their
own research well enough. So we had developed some common understanding with the
cooperation of all participants, which was great!
Development was quite a new field for me. However, though this GS activity, I had gained
substantially in terms of development contents and terminology, which otherwise could
have taken me years to absorb! Now I feel more confident with MDGs and I will take any
opportunity to share with my colleagues and students at my university in Vietnam. In
addition to the above-mentioned understanding, I also kept with me the keys to proposal
writing. My personal observation was that you could only work effectively and efficiently
if we understood the situation well. And these keys to successful proposal writing were: 1.
Sustainability, 2. Identification and analysis of each stake holder’s capacity, and 3.
Maintenance of check-and-balance system.
Skill training (16 April &1 May): Facilitation skills
Strictly speaking, GS activity owed its effectiveness and efficiency greatly
to the facilitator’s performance. Our instructor, Ms. Keiko Tsubaki, had
tactically used a series of mind games to get the message across:
Facilitation was a skill, so it could be learned and practiced. And we
actually learned and practiced during the two training sessions, one was provided before
we had own GS session and the other was conducted after we had had two GS days. The
training sessions were appealing not only because of the knowledge I got from the
instructor (such tips as ice-breaking, mind-mapping, collaboration and cooperation, and
work delegation to members) but also the understanding I absorbed when I had to be the
facilitator in the first GS day, and other members in our group had to take turn to be a
facilitator. I learned from the training, from my group members to better myself!
In terms of knowledge, my own discovery which contradicted what I had assumed before
was facilitation could work only when there was a conflict! Actually, facilitation was
utilized in any meeting or discussion where teamwork was required. Facilitators helped the
session go smoothly and achieve a common goal. And I came up with an idea of mine,
which could be applicable: “Facilitation starts from home!”
Groupwork session: Put knowledge into practice!
After our theme lectures on Population issues and the training session on Facilitation skills,
we had three chances to practise facilitation to deal with a project proposal on how to
improve primary education in a Lao Theung community in Lao PDR by increasing net
enrollment and attendance rates for primary students there.
Intermediate presentation and Final Guidance: Valuable help
These sessions were particularly necessary since we received peer feedbacks and the
instructors’ guidance on our project. Because other groups had also developed their own
project proposals, they listened to our presentation, analyzed the content, and asked us
questions, and gave us comments. Based on those external reviews, we revised our project
and made it more feasible before presenting it to our instructors. Finally, I found the
instructors’ guidance invaluable for their expertise in both the project’s aims and activity
(relating to primary education) and GS skills (facilitation and presentation) provided us
with the overall feasibility of the project. I was grateful and thankful to all other
participants and our two instructors for their great support!
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GS product: A Project of Hope and Belief!
Now it was time for us, Team Kibou (Hope in English), to be
ready to go for our project. After all these above-mentioned
sessions, we strongly believed in the success of our project for
Lao Theung primary students. Being better educated would
surely bring them hope for a brighter future. As for us (the
project proposers), this GS product was born in the vigorous
teamwork spirit!
5. Field Study and Visits: Aspiring exploration
Inside Suzuka – our hometown in Japan
- Suzuka City: Through the presentation of the city mayor, I had understood the three
major issues that the city was facing: low birth rate, ageing population, and environmental
pollution. The city authorities were working hard to cope with these three problems.
- Honda Motor Co., Ltd. - Suzuka Factory: I was impressed by the neat arrangement of the
factory, the efficient movement of robots, the professional working style, and the
creativeness of the company’s QC (Quality Control) group of young workers!
Outside Suzuka
- Nagoya: the second largest city in Japan after Tokyo
We visited Toyota Commemorative Memorial Museum of Industry and Technology in the
morning. It turned out to me that Toyota had a previous name of Toyoda (more
internationalized) and automobile was not the only product of this multinational group. Its
advanced spinning and weaving technologies took the whole world by surprise. I was also
impressed by the spirit of Kiichiro Toyoda (1894 –1952): he desperately dreamed of a car
manufactured by Japanese workers, and his dream became true! .
- Nara (25&26 April): The capital before the ancient capital of Kyoto
Nara had beautiful scenery with lakes, tame deer, and temples. With my friends and Oba
san and Haga san, we visited Todai Temple (Todaiji), the mot important temple in Nara. I
was amazed by the Great Budha statue and enjoyed seeing the landscape. I also bought a
souvenir there for my family to mark this most significant place in Nara hoping it would
bring luck. In the afternoon, we visited Horyu Temple (Horyuji) whose wooden buildings
were the oldest in the world. It was founded in 607 by Prince Shotoku, the pivotal figure
who established Chinese culture in Japan. It was my habit when I visited religious places
to purchase things for my home’s ancestor altars. So I decided to buy four sets of beautiful
Japanese cups for altar decoration to pray for family happiness and prosperity!
- Kyoto (27&28 April): I started to realize the beauty of kimonos!
I understood why both Oba san and I (as well as other participants) had to
work hard to have a careful and detailed preparation of this plan. This was
because those two days were the first challenging task that you were
supposed to do alone. Without a good plan, your tour would be neither
effective nor efficient at all. You could be flexible in implementation, but
planning was essential and therefore, indispensable.
The theme of my plan was to make a comparison between lives in Kyoto
(an ancient capital) and Tokyo (a modern capital) that we would visit in
the third week of May. In order to do so, I set the objectives of my tour as to observe the
economic development of Kyoto in both modern and traditional aspects, to see how variety
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can exist vigorously in Kyoto, and to discover the cultural facet with specifically-Japanese
geisha center. In my plan for the first day, I chose to visit Nijojo Castle, Kinkakuji Temple,
Kyoto Handicraft Centre, Kiyomizu-dera Temple, Gion District and Gion Corner;
Kawaramachi Street, and Shinkyogoku shopping street. As for the second day, I planned to
go to Museum of Kyoto, Nishiki Food Market, Nishijin Textile Center, Kyoto Botanical
Garden, and Kitayama Street.
Although planned as it was, I changed my tour slightly because of some new incidents
occurring. They included my tiredness, confusion (due to getting lost), and lonely feeling.
So my actual tour appreared like the followings:
Day 1: Kyoto International Conference Centre (by subway), Kyoto Botanical Garden (by
subway), Kinkakuji Temple (by bus), Gion Corner (by bus). The deepest impression of
mine after the Golden Pavilion must be Gion Corner because I saw passers-by and
somehow understood Japanese spirit by men hakamas and women kimonos. It was an
unforgettable moment when I suddenly caught their image when they were walking
shoulder by shoulder. It was not only because of their physical beauty but also because
they were so matching together representing Japanese spirit and culture.
Day 2: Nijojo Castle (on foot), Nishiki Food Market (by bus), Kyoto Handicraft Centre (by
bus, there was no R&D department as I expected), Gion Corner (by bus, again, hoping to
capture that moment with my camera, but failed), Yoshida Shrine, Kyoto University,
Seimei Shrine, Nishijin Textile Centre at 5:10 pm (Big mistake for me the second day,
closed)
Lessons learnt: carefully planning, be exact about direction and positioning of places, be
independent, ready/learn to take risks (risk-aversion should not be good), bitter feeling of
eating alone (sometimes in the dark and windy nights). My advice to the next fellow
participants is that it is necessary to study your program schedule beforehand to know what
cities you are going to visit, find out related information, and choose a theme, objectives as
well as the places to realize you intended theme.
- Tokyo (24&25 May): I could only see the true Tokyo on the Giant Ferris Wheel!
Finally, this time I finished my plan quickly. Clearly, experience could help a lot! After my
discussion with Oba san, I followed his advice and modified my plan a little to make it
more efficient, and it was approved by him right then. Wow, I felt good that I had
completed a difficult task more easily than before.
Again, the theme for my trip to Tokyo is to compare and contrast Tokyo with Kyoto with
more specific aims such as observing Tokyo as an economic and cultural centre of Japan;
actually experiencing the history of science and innovation, and being involved in both the
busy and peaceful lives of Tokyo. The following was the official plan:
Day 1 (by subway): Tokyo Tower, Electric City (Akihabara), Kanda used book area
(Kanda Koshotengai), and Tokyo Stock Exchange;
Day 2 (by train): Tsukiji Market, Rainbow Bridge, the National Museum of Emerging
Science & Innovation (Miraikan), Pallette Town, World Trade Centre Observatory, and
Hamarikyu Gardens.
In reality, my plan was affected by the weather. It was raining quite heavily during the two
individual days. On the first day, I met my friends and we visited the Imperial Palace in the
morning, and then Akihabara and Kanda. On the second day, I admired the Rainbow
Bridge from under the bridge in heavy rain. Then I visited Miraikan, which queuing for
general entrance and special Dome Theatre took me one hour, because people, including
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children, were so much interested in exploring Miraikan. I wished I had had more time to
learn the development of emerging science and innovation there. My most exciting part of
the day was in Pallette Town’s Giant Ferris Wheel’s 16-minute tour, which helped me to
have a panoramic view of Tokyo (my disappointment not to visit Tokyo Tower because of
bad weather was compensated fully by this Guinness’s wheel). Normally, I travelled by
subway and had not discovered why Tokyo was the biggest
capital city in the world. And it was confirmed by this sky tour
on the Wheel. Finally, my last day in Tokyo ended up with the
visit to Hamarikyu Gardens. I could spend only half an hour
there but I could still enjoy balanced and peaceful life
moments there in busy Tokyo.
Lessons learnt: Tokyo was like a human jam with a lot of people walking in a regularly
fast pace. Life pace here was speedier as compared to Kyoto. In addition, Tokyo was
developing and expanding with construction sites around the city. However, it seemed to
me that the convenient metro and train systems of Tokyo was so much helpful to visitors
more than in Kyoto! As a visitor, you should enjoy both day and night lives of the capital
city as well as take both subway and sky train for traveling because you could see various
faces of Tokyo. However, you should also plan your traveling route carefully to save
money!
6. Exchange Activities
Japanese Cultural Introduction Day (13 April): Learning by doing
The day started with a short interactive play introducing Japanese table
manner, futon arrangement, onsen procedure, etc. All the Japanese actors
and actresses were so tactful in getting us involved in all stages of the play,
each of which ended with a multiple-choice question. After that, there
were a kimono-wearing ritual, tea ceremony, and watako performance.
The strong beat of this giant Japanese drum stimulated a strong feeling in me. After
learning, we had time to experiment Japanese traditional toys, origami, doll show, green
tea making, Sukiyaki singing, calligraphy writing, tanko bushi dancing, calligraphy writing,
and making okonomiyaki (Japanese-style pizzas). The day was so enjoyable and
meaningful for me, and Japanese volunteers were so productive and efficient in their job of
spreading Japanese culture!
BBQ party with Japanese volunteers and kimono show (17 May): Volunteerism,
Discipline, and Devotion and Corporative spirit!
This was a good chance for us to understand more about Japanese people and Japanese
culture. We saw through the volunteerism, where the Japanese volunteers took part in
various activities to entertain participants, from BBQ party preparation, charity
mobilization to kimono and wedding dress shows. I had a rare and precious chance to wear
summer kimono, and other chances to experience the real beauty of different types of
kimonos, as well as the special attire of wedding for both groom and bride. One thing I
noticed when attending the event was the durability of this voluntary activity and the great
devotion of Japanese volunteers: Mr Omori had been a volunteer for IATSS Forum for
nearly 20 years, the Kajiuras had three generations involved, and the kimono instructor’s
(kimono sensei) pride and perseverance in presenting the Japanese cultural aspect of
kimonos. My comments ended with what she said, “When you are back to your country,
please tell people about kimonos and its meanings in Japanese culture.”
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Cultural Exchange Day (11 May): Our colorful day
Well, our CED with the theme of The World Wedding had come to an end. We had
enjoyed it so much since it was the final result of all our efforts to get the ASEAN message
across to Japan and the whole world, “We are different, but we can coexist in harmony.”
The event started with the self-introduction part, which I was sure that everyone was
anxious, proud, and excited to show our traditional attires to the audience in a friendly
manner. The World Wedding came with fun and stimulation ranging from Proposal,
Meeting of the parents to Engagement, Bride Pick-up, Wedding parade and Wedding
reception. The country booth part was diversified, colorful, and busy (I did not even have
time to visit my participants’ booths!). The Auction session was exciting with the total
charity collection for Myanmar’s cyclone victims of 41,000 yen (the biggest amount ever)
and more from voluntary selling in Country Booths. The event ended with the fun Quiz
and the enjoyable and lively Ramvong Dance.
I was sure that we shared the same feeling after the event had completed: regretted but
comfortable. When we finished such an important part of the overall IATSS program, we
looked back and wondered how we could drag though a great deal of planning,
modification, rehearsals, and all other office work like translating, copying, drawing, etc.
We were so great, weren’t we? We think, learn, and do together successfully with
invaluable assistance and support from all IATSS staff and CIRs (Coordinators of
International Relation!)
Home Stay (19&20 April): I joined my host family to be happy farmers!
I love the Fujitas and their house. We had great time together
when they shown me the photos about their one year and a half
working and living in Vietnam more than 10 years ago. I felt so
close because they had known Vietnam before, and I hoped they
would feel my way. I wanted to hear from his working
experience with 5S’s, PDCA, and kaizen. Mr. Fujita and I
exchanged ideas from issues like economy and environment to daily activities of Japanese
farmers while Mrs. Fujita was listening with eager. I guessed my appearance in their house
had reminded them of the time they spent in Vietnam. My first strong impression was
about their houses, one of which was built more than 100 years old and I fought it a living
museum of Japanese culture: the walls with only wood wedges sustained earthquakes
vigorously, stone foundation, Shintoism and Buddhism altars coexisted, old Seikosha
clocks, doll decorations, and shinai sword in the store. Japanese diversified aspects of life
had never been ever vivid in my mind as in those moments I saw and was told about them.
I went from surprise to more surprise when I joined them to uproot bamboo shoots in their
bamboo forest, where there was also a kiln to make charcoal. I had understood the simple
yet busy and happy lives they were living. How sweet were the fruits of hard but victorious
labour! Do the Fujitas represent Japanese farmers, who are more and more
environmentally concerned and live healthier lives accordingly?
Furthermore, I particularly admired Mrs. Fujita. At the age of 66, she did the housework
and cooking so quickly that I failed to catch up. She taught me the art of cooking some
Japanese traditional dishes (zouni, tempura, sushi). She gave me self-made presents. In my
eyes, she was a sincere and enthusiastic Japanese woman.
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7. Ceremony
Opening Ceremony (12 April): Anxiety!
It was the word to describe my feeling, and others, I guessed
because we were supposed to introduce ourselves in Japanese!
There were representatives from Mie prefecture, MITI and
respective embassies and a large audience. I told myself not to
make big mistakes in front of a lot of people, and I didn’t,
luckily. Oba san as an organizer seemed to be so serious and
nervous in the MC role. I saw him using his handkerchief several times. I understood that
he had an important responsibility for this event and he wanted it to take place perfectly.
Also, I learned it strongly that rehearsal is so vital if ceremonies are to be organized
smoothly. Finally, the opening reception brought both the audience and the ASEAN
participants closer to one another. Also, we felt released and happy at the end!
Closing Ceremony (31 May): A wonder!
I regretted that it was a matter of course that this accomplishment report would be handed
in before this event. Otherwise, the IATSS staff could not have time to check a bulky stock
of our reports and asked for modification before we left on June 2nd.. I wish it would also
be a great event for us since we had spent time thinking and learning together with other
ASEAN participants and interacted with Japanese people in the rich cultural environment
of Japan. I would have never forgotten this experience!
8. Publications
Before, when I looked at the newsletter of the 42nd batch I was amazed at its creativity and
wondered how we could make our own. And it was out of my expectation to see Fantastic
43rd.with the talents of Maria san and other assistants. Here I learned the benefit of
teamwork: we chose a theme, contributed individually with unforgettable moments and
sound messages and pictures of us and celebrities. With the talents of Maria san, newsletter
coordinators, and other devoted assistants, one of our spiritual children was born
sparklingly!
9. The turning point: Ready to do things together!
Here I was at the ready point to go home with a strong sentiment for Japan and a
stimulating mindset after “Thinking and Learning Together” in IATSS Forum!
Conclusion
In a nutshell, the sweetest fruit that I myself had picked up from the IATSS Forum trees
was the spirit of “Thinking and Learning Together” in the real sense of these words, for
which I was thankful to the trees growers and careers. We had had a better understanding
of ourselves, of other ASEAN partners, and of Japan, which was considered the foundation
for further establishment of the Asian community in general, and the ASEAN community
in particular. Right awareness is the core and direction of right actions in this changing
world. Personally, I owned my considerable accomplishment during the 57-day program to
the great number of people, for whom I would like to express my sincere thanks!
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Report for the 43rd IATSS Forum
Kumi Shibuya
Japan
Ⅰ Introduction
My name is Kumi Shibuya. Originally, I’m from Saitama, and my home town is near
Saitama Factory. I moved to Utsunomiya-city in Tochigi from November, and present my
office is Quality Innovation Centre in Tochigi (QCT). As this name shows, my present job
is related to quality matter of Automobile. In a word, my main job is quality innovation
activity in oversea market. I received quality reports and claimed parts from oversea
market, and transfer it to analysis department. After analysis is finessed, we make
Technical Information and return it to market.
There were two reasons why I joined IATSS Forum. First reason was that I was interested
in IATSS Forum principal, ‘supporting cultivation of human resources in ASEAN
countries. Also, I thought I can spread my view through intercultural communication.
When I was university student, I joined the volunteer activity which I picked up the
oversea students at Narita Airport. Through this volunteer activity, I could make foreigner
friends, and I could spread my view. Unfortunately, most of them were from Europe and
USA. So, I didn’t have opportunity to communicate with South East Asian people. Second
reason was that I would like to know how Asian people think for their countries, their
future, and their job. I often contact with foreign associates among my job, and I’m
accustomed to foreigners. However, I cannot know how they are thinking and what they
would like to do about their countries and their job, because it is just business relationship.
In a word, I would like to know natural Asia. From those reason, I was also looking
forward to attending this seminar and communicate with them as same as other participants.
Ⅱ Group Study
The group work subject was really interesting for me. Also, I was looking forward to
joining group work and learning how discussion was going by the participants who have
different backgrounds, and are from different countries. However, to be honest, I was
really nervous because I attended here in the middle of sessions, and I was not sure what I
could do. Also, it had been a long time since I attended seminar in English, so I was really
nervous about it.
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If I was subjected to this theme, I think population problem is equal to phenomenon of
under population in rural area, or phenomenon of low birthrate. So, I wondered what
population problem is for them, and how what kind of grass roots activity is taken. The
subject of the group study was’ Population’. Group A, which I joined, focused this theme
as ‘One community, One pride’. Their project's aim was how to stop that people move to
city from rural area, and they chose ‘One Village One Product’ activity、as their grass
roots activity. Also, Indonesia was taken as case study country. ‘One Village One Product’
activity was generated from Ohita prefecture in Japan. JICA support this activity in rural
area of Indonesia, and this activity is expanded to all Asian countries, not only Indonesia.
Original purpose of ‘One Village One Product’ activity is for activization of rural area. It
was really good idea to use ‘One Village One Product’ activity to attractive young people
and not to move to city. If they have pride for their products, they don’t move to city, and
it is available to make good community. Also, I confirmed again that there are still many
things which ASEAN countries share, cooperate and help each other because I saw other
participants from different countries introduced their example of ‘One Village One
Product’ in their countries, and expand it to Indonesia.
From my point of view, they were focusing too much on implementing the project. I felt
that they missed the reason why they chose it, why they would like to do. Sometime, their
point of view went different directions because they focused too much on implementing
the project. My place and question might let them confused or cut off their discussion,
however, I tried to order discussion, and return the direction in my way.
Ⅲ Seminar
In the seminar, I had a good opportunity to know the current situation in each country. I
could learn a lot from discussing with others about the differences among countries
comparing to Japan. Meanwhile, the foreign participants well understand their own
countries and expressed their opinions on behalf of the country. Their attitude made me
realize how much I have not known about my country Japan and I was very ashamed of
that.
The most impressing thing was their manners to take part in the seminar.
Japanese students usually do not ask questions when asked if they have after a lecture.
Also, they do not ask questions in front of a lot of people but they tend to personally ask
questions later. In contrast, the foreign participants asked questions without hesitation as if
they are waiting for a chance to do so and discussed the issues in detail rather than they
just ask a question. Then, I felt that their attitude, giving up a break to discuss an issue
which they are really interested in, might be a global standard although the scene is often
seen among Western students.
Ⅳ Cultural Exchange Day
I had a chance to join cultural Exchange Day (CED), in Tsu-Shi. Now I think I was lucky
to join CED with them!!
They did practice, practice, and practice for CED after seminar. Even previous day was
holiday, they prepared for their own country booth in CED and they thought what they
could do to let audience pleasure. Can you imagine how much they spent time and power
for CED?
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Also, when I saw that they ready for it very hardly, I
thought that I might miss something important
recently. I was not sure whether I could help for
them or not, because I was lukewarm position.
However, that was why I could enjoy as audience
position. From the view point of audience, CED was
highly successful. I was sure that audience could
enjoy their country booth, learning wedding custom,
seeing traditional costume and, of course, dancing!!
They don’t have many chance to communicate with
ASEAN countries people in their daily lives,
therefore, CED was really precious opportunity for audience to touch ASEAN country
culture.
Ⅵ Summary
To be honest, first 3days was really hard for me. I continued to ask myself ‘What is my
role, even though I stay just 10days? ’, ‘What is required me from other participants?’,
‘What should I learn and bring back?’ It is like Zen riddle. Also, English annoyed me. As I
have already written, I contact with oversea associates in my work, and usually use English.
So, I thought English was not going to be a big problem. However, it was big mistake. I
could not catch what they were talking, and explained what I would like to say rather than
I expected. However, I was getting accustomed to English and thing again my purpose in
IATSS Forum after 3days passed. I thought again I might achieve the purpose which I
joined IATSS Forum, if I could notice similarity or difference between Japan and ASEAN
countries.
After 10days passed, I felt South Asia more closely than before. Before attending IATSS
Forum, I though I could tell something helpful for other participants, however, what I was
taught was much more that what I could tell. Then, I strongly recognized I should step
forward with having a goal. I thought again that what I could learn is much more than what
I expected.
I appreciate that IATSS Forum gave me an opportunity to know ASEAN countries and
communicate with the participants from ASEAN countries. Even though my stay in IATSS
Forum was just 10days, I’m sure that this was a great experience in my life. I would like to
thank you again for all participants and IATSS Forum.
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