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SCAMWISE
CONTENTS
3 W h at ar e Scam s?
4 Types of Scam s
6 Avoidin g Scam s
8 Case Stu dies of Scam Victim s
11 Qu ote
12 Ch il l Zon e & FAQ's
14 H or oscopes
16 Resou r ces
17 M eet th e M agazin e Cr eator s
WHATARE
SCAMS?
Ever since the introduction of the internet, scams have been growing more and
more prominent. The internet has allowed scammers to easily push out their
tricks and cheats to a wide variety of people through many forms of media in
attempt to steal money and other private information. A scam is a fraudulent
scheme and falls under the umbrella term of frauds.
Frauds have existed before the internet came into place and is generally
labelled as ?deliberate deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain? and is
against the law. Scams can come in various forms with scammers using
different techniques to try and deceive people such as lottery and charity
scams.
Scammers are able to reach people via many different ways such as over the
phone, as a letter or in emails so it is essential to know what a scam looks like
to be able to protect yourself from one.
Scamwise
3
Types
OFSCAMS
A scammer is a con artist who may be an individual or organisation preying on victims luring
them into various traps and committing a fraud. These scams can be quite sophisticated in
securing information, which then enables the fraudster to commit a crime. Or they can be
quite simple preying on vulnerable and naïve individuals.
?Onething all scams havein common: they aretoo good to betrue!?
The following examples are just some of the many types of scams that one may deal with.
However be aware that scammers are looking at creative ways and new methods of fleecing
you.
Phishing
Phishing is the illegal practice of sending
emails, letters or links to reveal personal
information such as credit card details,
passwords, addresses and other personal
information while imposing as a manager or
someone high up from a reputable company
such as a PayPal, Ebay or MSN . Usually one
will receive an email from a bank,
government department or an online
payment service, asking them to update,
validate or confirm their credit details. The
scammer may even threaten you, that if you
do not reply with the correct information,
your account may be closer or the reverse;
the scammer may offer a valuable reward.
Mobil e phone
Mobile Phone scams can be hard to recognize
sometimes, as they are texts to enter a
competition, download ?free? mobile phone
extras, or redeem prizes. But in reality, they
won?t be free and usually have additional
costs or involve a premium rate service.
Sometimes one may even receive a missed
call from an unknown number. If you attempt
to call back or reply to the message, the
charges will not be clear and could be as high
as $8 for each message you send and
receive.
Scamwise
4
Types of Scams
CONTINUED
Nigerian Scams
Nigerian Scams are one of the most common
scams in operation, offering a large sum for
almost nothing. Relying on greed, the
?trickster? advises you that a significant sum
of money is available and can only be
released upon some form of payment. Over
the internet or by mail, you will rarely make
any type of physical contact with them.
Usually the letter will go something like this:
Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Mr. John Kingston, I am the head
of the decent and deceased data program
co-operating with a bank in Australia. I wish to
inform you of a bank account opened in our
bank since 2008 and according to our record,
this account belongs to one of your distant
relatives and includes an inheritance fee that
was left for you. At the moment the accounts
balance is $22.4 million dollars. All of that
will be yours, if you agree to transfer $10,000
to help with handling the money.
These types of letters come in many forms
but in all cases the basic principle of ?a lot
for a little? is on offer.
Pyramid scheme
In a pyramid scheme the scammer/ s make
money by recruiting businesses or people
rather than selling products or services. In
the process participants are asked to make a
?participation payment? to join, they are also
promised a sum of money for recruiting
others. The barriers of these schemes break
with new members losing lots of money.
Lot t ery Scams
For most people, winning millions of dollars
in foreign lotteries is a dream that?s come
alive, but if a scammer gets you caught in the
web of a lottery scam it can become quite
serious. In this scam, the victim receives a
personally addressed letter that may have
official logos and other credible looking
features. The letter will usually offer an
opportunity to win millions of dollars
(depending on the scammers country, the
money will not necessarily be in dollars) in a
verified lottery draw. To collect their
winnings, the victim must provide a sum of
money to be deposited in to the scammers
account to ensure the fund don?t go to
anyone else. Following this letter will be
another, demanding more money for other
expenses. Some lottery scams ask for a copy
of the victim?s driver?s license and passport
to establish their identity.
Scamwise
5
Types of Scams
CONTINUED
Door-t o-Door Scams
Door-to-Door Scams generally involve
elements of unconscionable conduct, ripping
off the individual through not explaining to
the legal rights, e.g. 10 day cooling off
period. Usually the scammer will often offer
roof repair, telephone services, vacuums or
other home goods. They will ask for full
payment in cash by a credit card, as checks
can be cancelled.
Job and empl oyment Scams
Job and employment scams sound terrific
but as always they are too good to be true.
Earn $1000 per hour from home, regular
income guaranteed, Get rich quick with very
little effort; advertisements as such are
usually featured on TV and Movie watching
sites such as Watch Series or Putlocker. They
can also be sent by mail, email, found in
newspapers or even community notice
boards. The offers mentioned previously
promise money that comes almost instantly,
but doing simple easy jobs such as watch
videos or stuffing envelopes. Scammers will
ask for a deposit before the work can
commence and one the money is transferred,
they will ask you to lure other victims into
the trap, very similar to pyramid schemes.
Don?t be fooled, you could be a victim. Fraudsters only exist because of the vulnerability
and gullibility of individuals.
Don't becometheir prey!
Scamwise
6
A V OI D I N G SCA M S
A scam is a hoax, used to trick you into believing the
scammer, and therefore giving your money or personal
details to them. Scams can appear to be very genuine
and real, because they appeal to you and your needs,
wants and inner desires. This makes scams very hard
to avoid, and easy to fall for.
Scams can come to you in any form or way. A few of
these ways are online, telephone, door-knocking,
seminars, and mail. Literally anyone can become the
target of a scam, and most people have come across
scams being targeted at them, at some point in their
lives.
However, the most successful scams are usually
targeted at the most vulnerable, such as the gullible,
young and innocent. Some scammers will contact you
at the most inconvenient of times. Many scammers
may door-knock on weekends and call you early in the
morning or late at night, because you are most likely to
be home or available, and you may not be able to
focus enough on what is front of you and what the
scammer is saying.
There are many types of scams: computer viruses,
online gambling, dating scams, health and medical
scams, unwanted and irrelevant services, banking and
credit card scams, government and bank refunds,
pyramid schemes, Nigerian scams, weight loss scams,
debt relief scams, work-at-home scams, lotteries and
competitions, and golden investment ?opportunities?.
- Never respond to sudden and random emails. They
may be offering you a product, service, or an
opportunity to gain wealth. They are most likely
unrealistic and false.
- It is extremely hard to tell whether this email (on the
right) is really from ANZ or not, but if you really think
about it, it is safer not to click on that link, and if you
really doubt that the email may be genuine, go to an
ANZ branch and ask them about the email you have
received. If ANZ really needed you to verify your email
address, they wouldn?t ask you in such a dodgy and
unreliable way. Even though this email may seem very
hard to not believe, it is always better to stay on the
safe side.
- If you receive random emails from one of your
contacts with almost close to nothing as a message,
with a big, bold, bright and colourful hyperlink, never
click on it. Once you do, the same email gets sent
automatically to everyone in your contacts, and that is
why you have received it from someone you know.
- When downloading things from the internet, try to
use websites with URLs that start with ?https:?. The ?s?
stands for ?secure?. By ensuring this, you can be sure
you won?t get any viruses or scams on your device.
Never send any money to someone you don?t know.
Or, if you know them, and they ask you online, try and
find another safer and reliable way to communicate
and transfer money.
- Don?t believe any testimonials sent from the
scammer. It has been sent to you, to be used as a
distractor from the real purpose of the scammer?s
trick, and lure you into the scammer?s trap.
- Don?t give out any of your personal details to
random people, and avoid sending personal details to
anyone, even if you know them, online.
- Never text or call a 0055 or 1900 number, because
they incur extremely high charges, and some may even
subscribe your number so that a certain amount of
phone credit is taken out each time you recharge your
phone credit.
Scamwise
7
SCH EM ES - SCA M M EM ES
Scamwise
8
CASE
STUDIES
OFSCAM
VICTIMS
Scamwise
9
Adva nce fee sca m s
Door -t o-door sca m s
Erin Pavlina is a psychological guidance counselor
who wrote an article in the hopes of preventing
people from being ripped off by a common psychic
scam. One technique that she described was going to
a cheap psychic, the kind that charges around $5 or
$10.
?You listen as the psychic tells you astoundingly
accurate things about yourself. But at the end of the
reading, this con artist tells you that there is a dark
energy around you, that you are cursed, or that
something terrible is about to befall you, but for $200
they can remove this dark energy/ curse and heal
you. Frightened, you give up the money, the
?psychic? performs a flashy ritual (chanting, candles,
arm waving, etc.) and tells you that you?re cured. Or
she might tell you to check in with her in a week to
see if the energy is clear. If you actually do go back
to her, at the next meeting you?ll be told the negative
energy is much stronger than she thought and it?s
going to cost $3,000 to clear it. It?s at this point that I
hope you have a moment of clarity and call the police
on her, but sadly some people do fall for this scam.?
In an ABC 7 news report, Lewis County authorities
were interviewed about cases regarding door to door
scams. The following is a segment of the report:
Buyi ng ca r s
*MADE UP SCENARIO*
Jane was looking to buy a second hand car online.
She did not have enough money for a brand new car,
but had saved up for a car with a decent amount of
mileage. When she went to the car yard, she found a
car for $3 000 with a high amount of mileage. She
took it for a test drive and everything was great, but
once she paid for the car and drove around the block,
it broke down. Jane was scammed. The car dealers
wound back the mileage on the car so that it would
appear to last a long time, while in reality it didn?t
even last a day
?Lewis County authorities have received many reports
of a scam involving people offering home
improvement projects door to door. In one scenario
the scam artists offer to complete a home
improvement project at a reasonable price, only to
raise the price much higher after the work is finished.
If the homeowner refuses to pay the more expensive
rate the scammers use high pressure tactics to try to
get payment.
In a second scenario the scam artists complete an
improvement project for the homeowner, but do very
low quality work. If the homeowner refuses to pay
because of the shoddy workmanship the scammers
again use high pressure techniques.
Both of these scams often target the elderly?
I nt er net .offer s
In one scam, a website called Fortuna Alliance was
marketed through a professional-looking home page
on theinternet. ??What if you paid $250 a month
which produced a minimum of $5,250 income each
month for you, while you simply watched? Would you
want to continue this arrangement while you kept
earning $5,000 a month??Fortuna?s advertising
asked. Within a surprisingly short period over 17,000
individuals paid between $250 and $1,750 to join
what turned out to be a worldwide web of deceit. All
they received in return was advice and promotional
material on how to set up their own web sites to
recruit victims to the pyramid scheme.?
.
Scamwise
10
M a i l or der sca m s
Job a nd em ploym ent sca m s
Fair Trading wrote an article about mail order scams,
and provided a case in the website. A section of the
article is below?
?Each year Fair Trading receives many complaints
about mail orders. Most have a familiar ring. The goods
don't measure up to the glossy advertisement.
Refunds take forever. There can be long delays in
deliveries. Or after posting off your cash, you may
never hear from the mail order outlet again.
In 2011, Mining Australia wrote an article about
scammers who gave out fake employment contracts to
civilians at an attempt to obtain personal information
from the victims, including bank account details,
addresses, phone numbers etc.
Below is a segment of the article:
?BHP says it has never had a commercial relationship
with the scammers, and is concerned they may have
given out ?phoney employment contracts.? The mining
giant believes the scam was an attempt to obtain
personal information from victims looking for jobs in
the midst of Australia?s skills shortage.?
While outright fraud is the exception, mail order
shopping lends itself to deception. An example was a
scam carried off by an outfit calling itself R E Jones
and Associates. It offered cheap sportswear for sale
and its professional-looking catalogue targeted
proprietors of squash courts and other sporting
venues.
Customers were invited to send their cheques to a
Sydney suburban post office box. It wasn?t long before
Fair Trading began receiving a flood of complaints
about non-delivery. But by the time Fair Trading
became involved the trail had gone cold. The
perpetrators had pocketed the cash and vanished.?
M i slea di ng a dver t i si ng
Business Insider Australia created an article about
examples of false advertisements that led to brands
being sued millions. Below is an extract of the false
advertising of the nutrients contained in Activia
yoghurt:
? Dannon's popular Activia brand yogurt lured
consumers into paying more for its purported
nutritional benefits -- when it was actually pretty
much the same as every other kind of yogurt.
Lot t er y sca m s
In March this year, three siblings were arrested for
forging and stealing a lottery ticket to claim a prize of
$2 million. INDYSTAR covered this story, and a segment
of this article is below:
?Three people redeemed a fraudulent Hoosier Lottery
ticket worth $2 million, buying a home and several
vehicles with the money before police caught on to the
scam, court documents allege. Marion County
Prosecutor Terry Curry announced in a news
conference Thursday that two men and a woman ? all
relatives ? are facing 15 criminal counts in connection
with a lottery fraud scheme that raked in more than
$1.1 million.?
Falsely touting the 'clinically' and 'scientifically'
proven nutritional benefits of the product, Dannon
even got a famous spokesperson, Jamie Lee Curtis, for
the supposed digestion-regulator. But after a while,
some customers didn't buy it.
A class action settlement last year forced Dannon to
pay up to $45 million in damages to the consumers
that filed the lawsuit and others who said they'd been
bamboozled. The company also had to limit its health
claims on its products strictly to factual ones.?
Scamwise
11
"CURIOSITYPULLS
PEOPLEINTOTHE
SCAM"
- FRANKSTALLONE
CHILLZONE
WORD
SEARCH
CROSSWORD
Scamwise
13
FAQ'S
W hat is a scam ?
A scam is a scheme where scammers try and steal your
money and personal information without you knowing.
W hat types of scam s ar e ther e?
There are many different types of scams that can be used,
including lottery, charity and bank scams. More scams can be
viewed on ACCC?s SCAMwatch website.
H ow do I tell if som eone is scam m ing m e?
If the offer that is presented seems too good to be true ? it
probably is. Check who you received the ?offer? from and if
it?s not identifiable, it is probably from a scammer. Scammers
may also call and claim they are a banking company and will
ask for personal details such as a credit card information and
such. Any personal information should never be given out
unless you know it is a trusted source.
W hat do I do if I am scam m ed?
This depends on how you are scammed ? Access to online
accounts / credit card details:
Call your bank or credit union and ask them to suspend your
accounts and credit cards ? this can limit the amount of
money you are liable for
Money sent to a scammer:
Contact your bank or credit union and ask them to cancel any
money transfers or cheques
Via a computer:
Run a full system check using a reliable virus checker to
ensure all malicious software is removed and change any
passwords
W her e can I r epor t scam m er s?
You can report scammers to SCAMwatch via one of their
online forms which is important to the ACCC as this
information assists them in monitoring scam trends and
taking action where appropriate, including to educate the
public on new or emerging scams.
Scamwise
14
FAQ'S (CONT.)
W hat happens to scam m er s?
The Australian Consumer Law is able to protect consumers
from scams and if scammers are caught, several course of
action can be taken, including:
-impose monetary penalties
-grant injunctions to prevent the prohibited conduct continuing
or being repeated or to require that some action be taken
-award damages
-make other orders of various kinds in favour of persons who
have suffered loss or damage because of the conduct (eg.
cancellation and variation of contracts, damages, provision of
repairs and spare parts, probation orders, community service
orders and corrective advertising orders).
H ow does a scam m er scam ?
A scammer can reach us in many different ways such as
through emails, phone calls and even in person. There are
many different ways someone can be scammed and a full
list can be seen on the SCAMwatch website.
H ow do I pr otect m yself fr om being
scam m ed?
Ensure you are knowledgeable about scams and that you
know how to identify one. Never reveal any personal
information to sources that you don?t know or trust and
always run background checks to see who these sources are
and whether they?re reliable or not.
W h er e can I l ear n m or e abou t scam s?
The Australian Competition & Consumer Commission's
(ACCC) SCAMwatch website and ASIC's MoneySmart website
contain detailed information on scams and how to avoid
and report them.
W ill I able to r ecover the m oney /
infor m ation I have lost?
Scammers are extremely difficult to track down as many
operate anonymously so it is highly unlikely that you will be
able to retrieve any stolen money or information, especially
if money has already been transferred to different accounts.
Scamwise
15
July/August
HOROSCOPES
Leo
V i rgo
Li bra
Jul y 23- August 21
August 23- Sept ember 22
Sept ember 23- Oct ober 22
Renown for displaying
wisdom. This is your month to
shine, so watch out for some
sneaky scammers who will try
to steal your spotlight. You
may think you know it all, but
someone may outsmart you.
Virgos have keen minds, and
are delightful to chat with,
which makes you an easy
target and quite susceptible to
scammers. BEWARE that not
everyone is a friend.
Libra people who seek balance
in their lives and are quite
good at reading people can
still fall into traps. You will be
in a position of providing wise
financial advice for a friend
caught in the trap of a scam.
Scorpi o
Sagi ttari us
Capri corn
Oct ober 22- November 21
November 22- December 21
December 22- January 19
Some obstacles are heading
your way, so remember to
assess them before jumping in.
People may trick you, so always
speak up to prove that you are
right, never let anyone tell you
to stop saying what you
believe in.
As always you do your research
but don?t be caught up by looks
or let your soft spot get in the
way. Your freedom is to your
advantage, so when you get
caught in the trap, persevere
and you will find a way out.
Your excellent problem solving
skills make you the detective
that always saves the day.
Scammers find it hard to get
you off track because your life
is already planned out.
Schedule after schedule after
schedule.
Scamwise
16
July/August
HOROSCOPES
A q uari us
Pi sces
A ri es
January 20- February 18
February 19- March 20
March 21- April 19
Your intelligence and social
skills may help you make
friends, but mix that with your
gullibility and any scammer can
fool you. So try to hold back
giving away your trust to every
stranger you meet.
Try to break out of your shell
and get out of the shadows.
Show off your knowledge that
makes you an old soul, as you
may even outsmart the
scammer.
Be patient and try not to take
the easy way out, but challenge
yourself for the long run. Your
strong will and devotion to
caring for others makes you an
easy target for scammers,
especially with the risks you
take.
Taurus
Gemi ni
Cancer
April 20- May 20
Taurians who can be stubborn
and possessively materialistic
find it hard to believe that
scammers exist. Your
generosity and loyalty makes
you hard to believe that
people exist who might rip you
off. Be on guard this month!
May 21- June 20
Jul y 21- Jul y 22
Try not to get too caught up in
the social calendar, as your two
faces could become bad. Your
wit and boredom distract you,
which create bad paths and
choices for you to take. Set a
goal this month and focus on
whats important.
You seek the feeling to be
secure and comfortable, but
whenever you find something
your foundations crumbled
down. Don?t let your
humbleness and appreciation
make you an easy target.
Scamwise
17
RESOURCES
All visual images are from
www.pixabay.com/ and
www.freedigitalphotos.net which are
all royalty free.
Erin Pavlina. 2010. Avoid This Common Psychic Scam. (online). Available:
http:/ / www.erinpavlina.com/ blog/ 2010/ 01/ avoid-this-
(author unknown). (year unknown). FreeDigit al Phot os.net . (online). Available:
http:/ / www.freedigitalphotos.net/ . 30/ 07/ 15.
common-psychic-scam/ . 22/ 07/ 15.
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-
(author unknown). (year unknown). Avoiding Scams - NSW Fair Trading.
(online). Available: http:/ / www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/ ftw/ Consumers/
Scams/ Avoiding_scams.page. 30/ 07/ 15.
(author unknown). (year unknown). Psychic & Cl airvoyant Scams. (online).
Available: http:/ / www.scamwatch.gov.au/ content/ index.phtml/
tag/ PsychicClairvoyantScams. 22/ 07/ 15.
-
(author unknown). (year unknown). Avoiding Scams - MoneySmart . (online)
Available: https:/ / www.moneysmart.gov.au/ scams/ avoiding-scams. 01/ 07/ 15.
(author unknown). (year unknown). Request s f or Money - Advanced Fee
Funds. (online). Available: http:/ / www.police.wa.gov.au/ Crimetypes/ Fraud/
-
Scams/ Requestsformoney/ tabid/ 1965/ Default.aspx. 24/ 07/ 15.
(author unknown). (year unknown). Avoid Scams - OnGuard Onl ine. (online).
Available: https:/ / www.onguardonline.gov/ topics/ avoid-scams. 03/ 07/ 15.
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(author unknown). (year unknown). Depart ment of Commerce - Advanced
Fee Frauds. (online). Available:
http:/ / www.scamnet.wa.gov.au/ scamnet/ Types_
(author unknown). (year unknown). How To Compl ain - ASIC. (online).
http:/ / www.asic.gov.au/ about-asic/ contact-us/ how-to-complain/ . 05/ 07/ 15.
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Of_Scams-Advanced_fee_frauds.htm. 25/ 07/ 15.
(author unknown). (year unknown). Depart ment of Commerce - Lady Of f icer
Gwen Robert s Int ernat ional Facebook Lot t ery Scam. (online). Available:
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Scams-Advanced_fee_frauds-Gwen_Roberts_
facebook_lottery_scam.htm. 25/ 07/ 15.
(author unknown). (year unknown). Types of Scams - NSW Fair Trading.
(online). Available: http:/ / www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/ ftw/ Consumers/
Scams/ Types_of_scams.page. 05/ 07/ 15.
Muireann. (year unknown). Engl ish Vocabul ary: The Subt l e Dif f erence
Bet ween Fraud and Scam. (online). Available:
http:/ / www.skypeenglishclasses.com/ english-vocabularythe-subtle-difference-between-fraud-and-scam/ . 05/ 07/ 15.
(author unknown). (year unknown). Int ernet Of f ers - NSW Fair Trading.
(online). Available: http:/ / www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/ ftw/ Consumers/
(author unknown). 2015. Int ernet Fraud - Wikipedia. (online). Available:
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(online). Available: http:/ / www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/ ftw/
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(author unknown). (year unknown). Report a Scam. (online). Available:
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08/ 07/ 15.
(author unknown). (year unknown). ?Nigerian 419?Scams. (online).
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MEET THE CREATORS
JESSICAWANG
Howdy, I'm Jess and I really like learning about
commerce and would love to teach others on how to
stay scam safe. This magazine is designed to help
people identify and prevent themselves from being
scammed. I worked on the introduction, the FAQ as well
as the design of the magazine, and I enjoyed every bit
of it. I hope you've enjoyed reading it! :^)
MADELEINEMACRAE
Holla! I'm Maddy and this is our $CAMWISE magazine.
I am really passionate about commerce and would love
to educate society on how to stay scam safe. This
magazine is designed to help people identify and
prevent themselves from being scammed. To contribute
to this site I found case studies relating to different types
of scams and created the Chill Zone. Hope you had a
great time B^).
Scamwise
19
MEET THE CREATORS
MILLIEWANG
Hi :) I'm Millie and I am passionate about educating consumers
on how to avoid scams when people target you . I love
learning new things, and I hope to share the love of learning
about scams with you. My magazine crew and I thought that
we should step out of our comfort zones and create a
challenging, yet unique learning resource. Our $camwise
magazine was fun although it put our creativity to the test. I
gladly contributed to the 'Avoiding Scams' page, 'Schemes'
page and the design of the magazine. I hope you have really
enjoyed reading our magazine and you have gained something
from it.
SABRINANICHOLAS
Hey! I'm Sabrina. Hopefully you enjoyed yourself, as you
made it to the end. We do all the research and you reap the
rewards. If you thought reading the financial pages was
difficult, why not try our astrology forecast. Your hard
earned pocket money won't be misspent if you follow our
helpful tips on how to be Scamwise. As a regular contributor
to financial magazines and journals, I hope you found my
articles, 'Types of scams' and 'Horoscopes', both interesting
and entertaining. Until next issue... Enjoy!