Beachgrass - COSEE Pacific Partnerships

Beachgrass - COSEE Pacific Partnerships

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What is sand?
Where does it come from?
Waves and wave energy
How global climate change will influence waves
and wave transport
Dune types and formation
Natural dune communities
Introduced beachgrass and influence on beach and dunes
Surf zone and sand dwelling organisms and food web
Snowy plover biology
Oregon beach law
Field trip
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European beachgrass
(Ammophila arenaria)
American beachgrass
(Ammophila breviligulata)
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Hacker, 2008
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European beachgrass invades, traps beach sand
blowing inland, builds foredune.
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Foredune
ca. 1950
Deflation plain
760 m
760 m / 60 years = 12 meters per year
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Wiedemann and
Pickart, 2004
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Pickart, 2008
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Pickart, 2008
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Pickart, 2008
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Wiedemann and
Pickart, 2004
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Pickart, 2008
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Pickart, 2008
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Pickart, 2008
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Hacker, 2008
http://www.science.oregonstate.edu/~zarnetsp/PNW_Dunes_Website/DuneGrassInvasion_PNW_Hacker.pdf
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Hacker, 2008
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21b
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Hacker, 2008
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Hacker, 2008
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Hacker, 2008
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Effects on animal community
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Slobodchikoff and Doyen, 1977
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Copyright © 2008 Peter Bryant
Slobodchikoff and Doyen, 1977
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Natural enemies hypothesis?
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Beckstead and Parker, 2003
Beckstead and Parker, 2003
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*
**
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Beckstead and Parker, 2003
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Ammophila decline
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Van der Putten and
Peters, 1997
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Dune grasses fix nitrogen
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Dalton et al.,
2004
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Dalton et al.,
2004
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Dalton et al.,
2004
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Dalton et al.,
2004
References
Barbier, E.B. et al. 2008. Vegetation’s role in coastal protection: Reply. Science 320: 176177.
Wiedemann, A.M. and A.J. Pickart. 2004. Coastal temperate zone climates. Ecological Studies 171: 5365.
Pickart, A.J. 2008. Restoring the grasslands of northern California's coastal dune. Grasslands 17(1): 39.
Hacker, S. et al. 2008. Dune grass invasion ecology in the Pacific northwest. P. 26
Slobodchikoff, C.N. and J. T. Doyen. 1977. Effects of Ammophila arenaria on sand dune arthorpod
communities. Ecology 58(5): 1171-1175.
Beckstead, J. and I. M. Parker. 2003. Invasiveness of Ammophila arenaria: release from soi-borne
pathogens? Ecology: 84(1):2824-2831.
Van der Putten, W.H., C. Van Dijk, and B.A.M. Peters. 1993. Plant-specific soil-borne diseases
contribute to succession in foredune vegetation. Nature 362: 53-56.
Van der Putten, W.H. and B.A.M. Peters 1997. How soil-borne pathogens may affect plant competition.
Ecology 78(6): 1785-1795.
Dalton, D.A., S. Kramer, N.Azios, S. Fusaro, E. Cahill, C. Kennedy. 2004. Endophytic nitrogen fixation
in duen grasses (Ammophila arenaria and Elymus mollis) from Oregon. Microbiology Ecology 49: 469479.
Websites:
http://www.science.oregonstate.edu/~zarnetsp/PNW_Dunes_Website/DuneGrassInvasion_PNW_Hack
er.pdf