Report - Berman Jewish DataBank

Transcription

ROCHESTER
NEW YORK
(Monroe County)
Jewish Community Council of Rochester, N. V., inc.
129 East Avenue
Rochester, N.V., 14604
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL PLANNING AND COORDINATION
JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF ROCHESTER, N .Y,
INC
OFFICERS A N D BOARD OF DIRECTORS
President
Arthur M. Lowenthal
Vice-presidents
Justice Harry D. Goldman
Joseph Goldstein
Joseph E. Silverstein
Secretary
.
Mrs. Charlotte S Reich
Treasurer
Morris Levinson
Executive Director
Elmer Louis
Assistant Director
Julius Ness
Board of Directors
Mrs. Sol Aiole
Justice Jacob Ark
Hanon Berger
Mrs. Lester J Berlove
Rabbi Philip S Bemstein
Edward Braverman
Rabbi Herbert Bronstein
David A. Cohen
Abe Feinbloom
Jack J. Feinglass
Dr. Harold N. Fine
Maurice M. Fromer
Leon M. Germanow
Jacob Gitelman
Albert A. Goldberg
Emanuel Goldbeg
.
.
Manuel D. Goldman
Reuben Goldman
David Goldstein
Joseph Goldstein
Isaac Gordon
David M. Gray
Samuel H Greenhouse
Mrs. R. J. Heilbrunn
Helmut Hertz
Manuel L. Hoffman
Jacob S Hollander
Rabbi Henry Hoschander
Joseph H. Kaplan
Rabbi Abraham J. Karp
Norman A. King
Hyman Kolko
Morris Levinson
Philip M. Liebschutz
Sol M. Linowitz
Mrs. David A. Lipsky
Arthur E. Lowenthal
Arthur M. Lowenthal
Garson Meyer
Fred Neisner
Irving S Norry
Samuel Poze
Benjamin Robfogel
David J Rosenthal
J H Rubens
lrvi ng Ruderman
Sidney J. Salzman
Abraham Schechter
Dr. Morris J. Shapiro
Joseph E S i lverstein
Casper L. Solomon
Jerome J Stei ker
Leon H Sturman
Justin L. Vigdor
Paul Wolk
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ROCHESTER
NEW YORK
(Monroe County)
Jewish Community Council of Rochester, N.
129 East Avenue
inc.
Rochester, N.Y., 14604
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL PLANNING AND COORDINATION
JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL
ONE TWENTY-NINE EAST AVENUE
ROCHESTER, NEW YORK 14604
TELEPHONE HA 6-9750
TO:
MEMBERS OF JEWISH COMMUNITY
COUNCIL
For many years there has been abundant evidence that i n Rochester
and Monroe County the Jewish Community i s one i n broad concept
of social and philanthropic responsibility. Recently the Jewish population has migrated from long established sections into other areas
within the city and surrounding territories.
The Jewish Community Council realized that before attempting to
provide altered or new services, knowledge of the basic facts regarding
the Jewish population was essential Therefore, the Department of
Social Planning and Coordination conducted a population study of Jews
County. The resuit of this ambitious underi n Rochester and
taking was scholarly, truly monumental
This achievement i s due to
wise planning and conscientious work of devoted volunteers. Essential
facts now may be analyzed and social planning undertaken for future
years.
.
onr roe
.
As i n a l l functions of the Council, the contributions of the staff must
be recognized and i n this study, the splendid guidance of the many
experts so generously given, and too, t o the Social Planning Committee.
Cordially,
-
Arthur M. Lowenthal
President
JEWISH POPULATION STUDY COMMITTEE
Garson Meyer, Chairman
Elmer Louis, Executive Director
Julius Ness, Study Coordinator
Prof. Richard N Rosett, Consultant
.
Dr. Peter Z. Adelstein
Harry L o Albert
Justice Jacob Ark
Mrs. Louis Atlas
Rabbi David Z. Ben-Ami
Hanon Berger
Ira I. Berman
Rabbi Philip S. Bernstein
Michael Boyar
Aaron D. Braveman
Rabbi Herbert Bronstein
Dr. S. Lee Crump
Robert A. Feldman
Maurice M. Fromer
Raymond H. Gerber
Irving Goldstein
Joseph Goidstein
Abraham Gordon
Jerome B Gordon
Will iam J Greenberg
Stanley A. Greene
Joseph I. Groden
Dr. John G . H i l l
Abe A. Hol lander
Jacob S Hollander
Rabbi Henry Hoschander
Rabbi Henry Hyman
Rabbi Abraham J. Karp
Mrs. Beryl Katz
Mrs. Meyer Katz
Norman A . King
Myron Kolko
.
.
.
Raymond Lehrer
Dr. E l i A. Leven
Rabbi Allan Levine
Mrs. Ephraim C Lewis
Philip M. Liebschutz
James K. Littwitz
C i ifford N. Lovenheim
Arthur M. Lowenthal
Beryl Nusbaum
Mort Nusbaum
Mrs. Mort Nusbaum
Donald Pearlman
Sam Phillips
Rabbi Menachem Raab
Theodore M. Rothschild
Irving Ruderman
Mort Rudin
Sidney j Saizman
Mrs. Sidney J Salzman
Herman A. Sarachan
Abraham Schechter
Dr. Morris J. Shapiro
Joseph E Silverstein
Leonard S. Simon
Benjamin Smith
Sam Sorin
Claude E . Spingarn
Leon H. Sturman
Burton D o Tanenbaum
Dr. David U. Todes
Alan J. Underberg
Justin L. Vigdor
Nathan J Wiseman
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.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Preface
Introduction
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Chapter I
The Size of the Jewish Population of Monroe County
Chapter II
Age, Sex, Nativity and Area Distribution of the Jewish
Population of Monroe County
.
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.
. . .
Chapter Ill
Education, Occupation and Income of the Jewish
Population of Monroe County
Chapter I V
Social Integration of the Jewish Population of Monroe
County
Chapter V
Religious Practices of the Jewish Population of Monroe
County
Chapter VI
Jewish Education, Bar-Mitzvah, Bas-Mitzvah and
Confirmation
... .. . .
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4
9
. . . 30
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
...... ..... .. . ...
. . 57
Chapter VI II
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Awareness of Jewish Community Agencies . . . . . . . 69
Miscel laneous Tables
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Appendix A
Methods of the Survey
Appendix B
Survey Tools
Chapter V l l
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
INDEX OF TABLES
Page
CHAPTER I
Denominational Self-Identification and Median Age of Head
of Household i n Main Sample
of Household i n Directory Sample ( Non-Affiliates)
Denominational Self-Identification
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.... ...
.. .. .. . ......
CHAPTER
7
7
8
I1
11-1
Fig. 11-1
Fig. 11-2
11-2
Fig. 11-3
. . . . 13
. . . . 14
. . . . . 15
. 16
Age-Sex Distribution of Monroe County Jewish Population
Age-Sex Pyramid for Jewish Population of Monroe County
Age-Sex Pyramid for Total Population of Monroe County
Geographic Distribution of Jewish Population of Monroe County
Map of Rochester and Surrounding Area Showing Geographic
Divisions i n the Population Study
Age Distribution of Jewish Population i n Selected Areas of the
C i t y and County
Present Area Distribution of Jewish Households
Number of Persons i n Household by Age of Head of Household
Number of Children Under Five Years of Age by Age of Head
of Household
Age and Nativity of Head of Household
Nativity of Jewish Population of Monroe County by Age
Denominational Distribution of Households for Selected Areas
Median Number of Years at Present Address by Area and
Age and Denominational Self-ideniificatioil of ;he Jeawlsh
Population of MonroeCounty
.
Preferred Future Location of Households Planning t o Move
Actual Inter-Area Moves July, 1962 August, 1963
A l l Moves by Area of Origin and Destination July,1962
August, 1963
..... . . . . .
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ii-i i
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20
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
CHAPTER Ill
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... . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
Years of School Completed
,
,
Occupation Grouping of Employed Persons i n Monroe County
Occupation and Median lncome of Heads of Jewish Households
lncome Distribution for Monroe County Families and Jewish
Households
lncome Percentiles of Monroe County Families and Jewish
Households
. . 33
. . 34
. . 35
. . 36
. . 37
Page
CHAPTER Ill
- Continued
. . . . . . . . . 38
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
. . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Median lncome of Jewish Households by Area
Distribution of Income for Jewish Households by Occupation
of Head of Household
Country Club Membership by lncome
CHAPTER IV
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Eating With Non-Jews ( A l l Denominations)
Eating With Non-Jews (Orthodox)
Eating With Non-Jews (Conservative)
Eating With Non-Jews (Reform)
Eating With Non-Jews ( N o Denomination)
Integration with the Non-Jewish Community by Denominational
Self-Identification
Eating With Non-Jews
Eating i n Homes of Non-Jews
Having Non-Jewish Guests at Meals
Membership in Jewish and Non-Sectarian Organizations by
Head of Household
Membership in Non-Sectarian Organizations by Heads of
Households
Head of Household Membership in Jewish Organizations by
Contributions to the United Jewish Welfare Fund and Contributions
to thecommunitychest
Familiescontributing t o UJWF
Number and Percent of Households in Which the Head has
Intermarried
.......
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CHAPTER V
Congregational Membership by Denominational Self-Identification.
Membership in a Second Congregation by Denominational SelfIdentification
Reasons for Denominational Self-Identification
Temple Attendance by Denominational Self-Identification
Temple Attendance on Friday Evening and Saturday
Morning (Orthodox)
Morning (Conservative)
Morning (Reform)
.... ... . .... ... . ..
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..............
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. . . 62
Page
CHAPTER V
- Continued
V-8
V-9
V-10
V-l 1
V-12
....
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. . .
... . . .. ..
Observance of Kashruth
Lighting Friday Night Candles
Lighting Hanukah Candles
Passover Seder Celebration
Mezuzahs
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68
CHAPTER V I
VI-l
VI -2
.
Jewish Education
Initiation Rituals by Sex and Denomination for Children from
14to19YearsofAge
CHAPTER VII
VII-l
Vll-2
.... ..
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Recognition of Jewish Community Agency Function
Expression of Preference for Jewish or Non-Sectarian Agency
Services
,
. . . . . .
71
72
CHAPTER V l l l
VIII-1
VIll-2
Vlll-3
Military Service of Monroe County Jewish Males and United
States Males
Medical InsuranceCoverage
Percent of the Jewish Population Defined as Chronically Ill
...............
.
. . . . . .
. .
.
. . . .
74
75
75
APPENDIX A
A-l
95% Confidence Limits for Estimates of Percentages Based on a
10% Sample Without Replacement from a Population of 7,000
. . .
APPENDIX B
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List of Volunteers
,
,
Leaflet Sent to a l l Households i n the Jewish Community Informing
them of the Jewish Population Study
Letter Sent t o Each Household Selected for Interviewing
Example of News Release i n Anglo-Jewish Newspaper
Example of a News Release
Example of a News Item Carried i n a Congregational Bulletin
Instructions to Volunteer Interviewers
Questionnaire Administered by Interviewers to Each Household
i n Sample
Flash Cards Used i n Conjunction with Questionnaire
IBM Code Sheets
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78
PREFACE
The character of our Jewish community and its social and economic patterns are
undergoing rapid changes posing a challenge to our agencies i n adjusting their
programs. Our population i s becoming more mobile. A changing economy is
bringing with it a new standard of living. We are moving from a first and second
generation t o a third and fourth generation community with i t s emerging new
patterns of group relationships. Federal and state financial aid for our welfare
These
and physical needs i s having its effect on social planning and control.
important changes make it necessary that our social welfare agencies modify their
traditional patterns. We must test our programs against the challenge of these
environmental changes. We must broaden our programs to meet these forces of
social change. We must engage i n sound, long-range social planning.
Since a l l social planning must be directed toward individuals it i s necessary that
we learn a l l we can about the people who must be served before any major
. &anning
.
son be undertaken effectively;
w e must not only know how man; people there are i n our community but we must also know the characteristics of these people.
We must know their needs, their likes and dislikes, their age distribution, their
attitudes, where they now live and their mobility trends, their religious identification, their education and economic patterns. To get this information the Jewish
Community Council of Rochester, New York, through i t s Department of Social
Planning and Coordination, conducted a Jewish Population Study of Rochester
and Monroe County.
We also recognize that since we are a part of the total American Jewish community,
we have an obligation to help build the body of Jewish sociological and historical
information which our social scientists and researchers are constantly gathering.
Accordingly, Jewish national cultural organizations, including the National Foundation for Jewish Culture, were asked to suggest the kind of information it would
be important to gather, whether or not such data were immediately applicable to
our own community needs. Thus this study has not only helped us, but we like to
believe we have made a contribution t o the total American Jewish community.
As noted i n the Introduction, the information contained i n this report represents but
a fraction of the data about our community now available to us. A brief review of
the questionnaire used i n the study w i l l indicate the almost countless possibilities
for IBM correlation of the raw data. Thus, i n addition to this published report, we
now have a reservoir of information about our Jewish community which can be
drawn upon i n the future as need arises.
1
Recognizing the importance of this study i n providing vital information for social
planning, the following Jewish community agencies gave financial support to the
project: the Jewish Family Service, the Jewish Home and Infirmary, the Jewish
Young Men's and Women's Association, and the United Jewish Welfare Fund of
Rochester.
A sound public relations program was conducted to inform the community of the purpose and value of the study, its objectivity and the confidential treatment accorded
a l l answers to the questionnaire.
The Study was conducted by three professional staff members supported by over one
hundred carefully selected and trained volunteer interviewers and supervisors. Overa l l direction of the study was provided by Mr. Elmer Louis, our executive director.
Mr. Julius Ness, assistant director, served as Study Coordinator and also developed
the preparatory material for the Study Committee. Dr. Richard N. Rosett, Associate
Professor of Economics at the University of Rochester, provided magnificent service
as Consultant. He prepared the study questionnaire, trained the volunteer interviewers and the coders, arranged and supervised the correlation of the raw data at
the University of Rochester Computing Center and wrote the Study Report. Mr. Alvin
Chenkin, supervisor of the Research and Statistical Unit of the Council of Jewish
Federations and Welfare Funds, gave invaluable advice toward developing the study
format and questionnaire. The extensive research experience of the late Dr. S. Lee
Crump, Professor of Radiation Biology at the University of Rochester College of
Medicine, and also of Dr. John G. Hill, Director of the Social Research Department
of the Council of Social Agencies of Rochester and Monroe County, was called upon
i n setting up the Study questionnaire and procedures. The Jewish Population Study
Committee of our Department of Social Planning and Coordination gave policy
guidance to the study and reviewed a l l procedures, questionnaires and findings.
To a l l these people, both volunteer and professional, our Jewish community i s deeply
grateful. As a result of their many months of devotion and effort our community now
has a body of information which w i l l be of inestimable value i n future planning and
as a base for further study i n specific areas of concern. As this report wi l l demonstrate,
we now know ourselves.
Garson Meyer, Chairman
Jewish Population Study Committee
INTRODUCTION
In the Spring and Summer of 1961, the Jewish Community Council of Rochester,
New York, conducted a study of the Jewish population of Monroe County. A total
of 662 interviews were completed, representing approximately ten percent of the
total Jewish households i n the county. From the study, it was possible to estimate
the number of Jews living i n the county, and to construct a number of tables giving
distributions of individuals and households according to characteristics such as income, age, sex and religious denomination. Cross-tabulations of these characteristics were also possible.
It would have
The cross-tabulations are the principal justification for the study.
been possible to estimate the size of the population and t o obtain many of the onedimensional distributions presented i n this report without resorting to anything as
demanding as a sample study. The records of synagogues, temples, clubs and
organizations provide a wide variety of information concerning the Jewish population. It would, however, be extremely difficult t o obtain, from such records, a
comparison of family size for different areas of the city. It would be equally difficult t o determine the correlation between age and nativity, or income and education. Much of the information on which social planning must be based i s of this
sort. For example, i n exploring the need for a new recreational facility, i t is not
enough t o know where the population is; i t i s also necessary to know the age distribution i n each area. Information concerning attitudes, beliefs, and intentions
cannot be obtained except through a sample study. Many of the questions answered
by the 662 interviewed families reveal such information. There were also questions
concerning religious information which yield data unobtainable by other means,
Thus the study provides information which w i l l help our community agencies and
institutions i n their planning, satisfy our natural curiosity about ourselves, and
become part of the historical record of our community.
The tables included i n this report represent only a small fraction of the information
which can be extracted from the study. The possibilities for cross -classifying
individuals of households according to several characteristics are enormous. Only
the tables of most general interest and application have been constructed. The IBM
tapes containing the coded responses to the questionnaires have been preserved,
however, and i f additional tabulations are required, they can be extracted.
Thanks are due to the over one hundred intelligent and generous women who volunteered their time and effort to the various phases of the study, and to the 662 households whose cooperation made the study possible.
Prof. Richard N. Rosett, Consultant
Chapter
I
T H E S I Z E OF THE J E W I S H P O P U L A T I O N OF MONROE C O U N T Y
The size of the Jewish population of Monroe County i n the Spring of 1961 was
about 22,000.
The actual number was almost certainly not less than 21,500 nor
more than 22,500.
In order to arrive at this estimate, a master list was constructed following the usual procedure of collating the United Jewish Welfare
Fund prospect l i s t and membership lists from temples, clubs, and community
organizations. A total of 7,151 names were included i n this list.
Although great care was exercised i n constructing the master list, i t was inevitable that certain households were represented i n the list more than once. I t was
possible t o estimate the extent of such duplication, and i t was determined that
the master list actually represented between 6,760 and 6,900 distinct households.
O f these, from one to three percent were determined to be non-Jewish. Deducting
non-Jews leaves at least 6,560 and at most 6,830 distinct Jewish households repThe average size of a household, as estimated from
resented by the master l i s t .
the sample, i s 3.08 persons. Multiplying this figure by the number of households
gives a total of between 20,000 and 21,000 persons.
N o master l i s t , however carefully compiled, can possibly be used by itself t o
estimate the size of a population because it i s certain to exclude households whose
members do not join any organized group. The sample drawn from such a list cannot be used to estimate the number of persons exciuded from the i lst, and ai i Inferences based on such a sample are suspect because of the possibility that the excluded portion of the population i s large and differs significantly from the included
portion
.
It was necessary, therefore, t o devise a method for including those Jewish households omitted i n the process of constructing the master list. A table of 35 typically
Jewish names, originally constructed t o facilitate another method for estimating
the size of Jewish populations, was compared to the master l i s t . It was found that
about thirteen percent of the names on the master list were among those 35.
These 35 typically Jewish names were then compared to the city directories for
Rochester and the surrounding towns.
Half of a l l households represented i n the
directories by an individual with a typically Jewish name, and missing from the
master list, were visited. Many proved to be non-Jewish despite their names, and
many others were no longer residents of Monroe County despite their listing i n the
directory. Assuming that the proportion of those typically Jewish names among the
population excluded from the master list i s the same as that among the included
population, i t was estimated that about 750 households had been missed in constructing the master list. This i s about ten percent of a l l Jewish households in
the county.
I t was estimated from the interviews drawn from the directory that average household size for excluded city households was 1.6 persons, and for excluded suburban
households 2.9, as compared with 3.08 persons per household in the master l i s t
sample. Thus the number of excluded individuals i s about 1,500 or a little less
than seven percent of the Jewish population.
There are significant differences between the Jews excluded from the master list
and those included. Tables 1-1 and 1-2 illustrate the most striking differences.
It can be seen that in the directory sample (representing Jews excluded from the
master list) almost 41% of a l l households are Orthodox as compared to 25% for
the sample drawn from the master list. The heads of these excluded Orthodox
households are older than the heads of Orthodox households in the main sample.
While the age difference i s almost small enough to be due to chance, the difference between the proportion of Orthodox households in the two samples i s very
significant.
Other differences between the main sample and the directory sample are the
relative youth of Conservative and Reform households in the directory sample and
the high proportion of those who are not associated with any denomination. The
most obvious difference between these groups i s the characteristic which led to
their complete nonthe exclusion of the directory group in the first place
affiliation with organized Jewish activity.
--
Tables 1-1 and 1-2 suggest that non-affiliation i s due to two distinct sets of
causes. Older households are more likely than most to be unaffiliated because,
being older, there are fewer members of the household to be affiliated with anything. Orthodox Jews are less likely to be dues -paying members of a synagogue
or temple than are Reform or Conservative Jews (this can be seen in Table V-1)
Since Orthodoxy and age are correlated (see Table II-1 1) i t i s reasonable to expect
that the unaffiliated group will include a large number of older Orthodox households.
.
Similarly, young households are small reducing the likelihood of affiliation with
organizations whose membership lists were used to construct the master list Since
one motive for joining a temple i s to provide Jewish education for children,
households in which the children are not yet of school age are less likely to join
temples than households with older children.
.
Thus the directory sample consists largely of older Orthodox households and young
unaffiliated households.
The tables presented in this report exclude the households interviewed in the
directory sample. The number of households in this sample i s small (27) and
while they indicate that the part of the Jewish population which they represent
i s significantly different from the 20,000 represented by the main sample of 635
households, the error due to their exclusion i s negligable for most purposes. Consider, for instance, the comparison of denominational distribution including and
excluding the information from the directory sample as shown i n Table 1-3.
The changes which result from including the non-affiliates are small despite the
large difference i n the two samples. Including the results of the directory interviews would complicate tabulation considembly without increasing the accuracy
of the tables significantly.
One objection which might be mised against the directory method of estimating
the number of non-affiliated Jews i s that non-affiliated Jews with typically
Jewish names may be more likely to change their names than affiliated Jews and
thus have been missed i n the directory sample. If non-affiliation plus name
changing should represent withdrawal from identification as a Jew, no problem
exists since the study definition of a Jew is someone who says he i s a Jew. I t
seems unlikely that a significant error could be attributed to name changes due
to reasons other than withdrawal from identification as a Jew. If, for instance,
only ten percent of non-affi liated households have typically Jewish names, the
estimate of the number of households should be increased by about 225. Thus
a 30% error i n the assumption concerning the frequency of Jewish names leads
to only a three percent error i n the estimate of the number of households, and
to a still smaller error (because of the smaller household size i n the non-affiliated
group) i n the population estimate.
TABLE I
-1
in Main Samde
Number of
Households
Denomination
I
I
Median Age of
Head
Percent
Orthodox
1 56
24.5
61.0
years
Conservative
229
36.1
50.7
"
204
32.1
49.5
"
44
7.0
55.3
"
11
"
Reform
I
None
I
I
2
.3
--
635
100,O
53.0
Don 't Know
Totals
TABLE 1 - 2
in Directory Sample (Non-Affiliates)
Number of
Households
Denomination
I
I1
Orthodox
Totals
40.7
11
I
67.5
years
42.5
I
'
32.5
52.5
"
"
55.0
"
I
I
Reform
Percent
5
Conservative
None
I
!
Median Age of
Head
4
18.5
1
7
27
14.8
1
25.9
I
100.0
I
I
I
TABLE
1
-3
I
I
Denominat ion
I
26.1
Orthodox
I
% of Households including
non-affil iates
1
% of Households excluding
non-affil iates
24.5
Conservative
J
Refo n
None
30.4
32.1
8.9
7- 0
.2
.3
100.0
100.0
1
Don 't Know
Total
I
Chapter II
AGE,
SEX,
N A T I V I T Y A N D AREA D I S T R I B U T I O N OF THE
J E W I S H P O P U L A T I O N OF MONROE C O U N T Y
Table 11-1 and Figure 11-1 and 2 give the age-sex distribution of the Jewish
population of Monroe County and compare the age distribution of the Jewish
populat~onwith that of the county. These tend to confirm the widely held
belief that the Jewish population of the United States has a lower fertility rate
than the rest of the population.
In 1957, the Jewish fertility rate was about 21% below the national fertility
rate.' The difference i s most sharply illustrated in the table by a difference in
median age. This could be explained either by a difference between the mortality
tables which apply to Jews and to the rest of the county population, or by a lower
Jewish fertility rate. The former explanation can be ruled out since mortality
table variation in the United States i s small among the white population. The
difference i s due to the lower fertility rate of Jews.
The measure of fertility used by the Bureau of the Census is the number of
children under five years of age per 1,000 women 15 to 49 years of age. For
Rochester this number i s 439; for Monroe County i t i s 476; for Monroe County
Jews it i s 322.
Table 11-2 gives the geographic distribution of the Jewish population of Monroe
County and Table 11-3 shows how the age distribution within selected areas varies.
The North Central area (see map, Figure 11-3) includes the oldest area of Jewish
settlement which i s now a deteriorating area of the city. New households are
formed in such areas as Irondequoit, Brighton and Henrietta while older households remain in the North Central area. This explains the high proportion of older
and low proportion of younger people in the North Central area relative to other
a reas.
Differences in age distribution are associated with differences in average household size. Areas in which the proportion of young people i s high are areas in
which households are larger. This can be seen by comparing Table 11-4 with
Table 11-2. Table 11-4 gives the distribution of households among the various
D. J. Bogue, The Population of the United States, New York, the Free Press,
1957, p. 696
areas, while Table 11-2 gives the population distribution.
Note that Brighton
has 22.4% of a l l Jewish households, but 26.4% of the Jewish population. This
i s due to the fact that Jewish households in Brighton are larger than the average
Jewish household in the county.
The characteristic "Denominational Self-Identification" i s based on the response
to question F28 of the questionnaire, "As a family, do you consider yourselves
Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or none of these?" Table 11-9 gives this
distribution for the areas of largest population. The populations of the various
areas differ i n age distribution and household size. Since age i s correlated
with denomination, i t i s not surprising that we find considerable variation i n
denominational distribution from area to area.
Table 11 -1 0 gives the length of residence at the present address by area and
denomination. I t does not bear directly on the question of which areas have
been populated longest by Jews, since i t i s possible that within the area of
earliest residence everyone has recently moved. If this were so, the median
number of years at the present address would be misleading. This i s unlikely t o
be the case.
From Table 11-10 i t can be seen that listing areas of settlement from oldest to
newest we have: North Central, S t . Paul, Monroe-Park, Irondequoit, and
Brighton. It is interesting t o note i n Table 11-9 that the proportion of Reform
Jews i n each area i s inversely related to i t s age, with the North Central area
having virtually no Reform Jews and Brighton having the highest proportion of
Reform Jews among the areas for which median number of years at present address
was calculated. Table 11-10 excludes the West Side and Henrietta because the
number of households within each denomination i s too small to permit a significant estimate of the median.
Table 11-1 1 provides evidence that age and denomination are correlated. While
the differences among those classified as Conservative, Reform and None are
not striking, the Orthodox Jews differ significantly from a l l the others. Note
that nearly half the Orthodox population i s over 50 years of age, while only
about a quarter of the Conservative and Reform Jews are over 50 years old. The
median age of the Orthodox population i s close to 50 years, about 15 years
greater than the rest of the Jewish population and almost 20 years greater than
the population of the entire county.
This great difference might be interpreted as being due either t o greater longevity
or a lower fertility rate among Orthodox Jews than among the other denominations. In this case, however, neither of these standard explanations w i l l suffice.
The likelihood of a difference i n longevity sufficient t o explain the observed
difference i s negligible, and this should not be considered seriously as a possible
explanation. The evidence on fertility works i n the wrong direction. Among
Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate, as defined above, i s 409. For Conservative
Jews it i s 301 and for Reform Jews i t i s 339.
The explanation for the difference is suggested, but not conclusively proved,
by the fact that relatively few Orthodox Jews are i n the bracket 20-49 years
of age. This could be due t o low fertility among Orthodox Jews at the time
when individuals i n that age bmcket were born. It is more likely, however,
that many people i n the age bracket 2 0 - 4 9 were born of Orthodox parents,
but shifted t o one of the other denominations after leaving home. Thus, despite
relatively high fertility among those who remain Orthodox, the Orthodox
population i s probably growing slower or declining faster than the rest of the
Jewish population because of losses of adults t o other denominations.
Table 11-8 should be interpreted with some caution. Note that the youngest
age groups consist almost entirely of Rochester natives, while the older age
groups tend to have large proportions of individuals born abroad or i n the
United States outside Rochester. This i s partly due to the fact that over the
years immigration has declined and i t is certainly t o be expected that 30 or
40 years from now the proportion of foreign born among older people w i l l be
smaller than i t i s now. On the other hand, i t i s not to be expected that the
cohort currently i n the bracket 0-4 years of age w i l l continue as it grows
older t o consist of 95% native born Rochesterians. Over a period of time i t
i s t o be expected that some of the members of that cohort w i l l leave Rochester
and that people from outside of Rochester w i l l move t o the city and become
members of the cohort. Thus, i t i s perfectly possible that the cohort currently
15-19 years of age originally had more than 67% native Rochesterians but
this has been reduced due to migration into the city.
Finally, the study provided some evidence concerning the future geographical
distribution of the Jewish population. O f the households interviewed, 61
(9.6%) were planning t o move within one year of the date of interview. Of
these, 45 were planning to move from one area, as defined i n this study to
another. The remaining 12 were planning moves within an area. Table 11-12
shows how these intended moves were distributed among the various areas.
Brighton was the area preferred by the largest group of those planning to move.
Tables 11-13 and 11-14 provide some evidence regarding the fulfillment of
these plans t o move. A tabulation was made of moves reported t o the United
Jewish Welfare Fund by the U. S. Post Office. The UJWF mailing list
represents about 5,800 famil ies. Of these, 392 (6.8% as opposed t o 9.6%
who were planning t o move i n the sample) moved between July 1962 and
August 1963.
The difference between the study figure and the actual figure can be
attributed to the fact that the study referred only t o plans and not t o actual
moves. Certainly some moves are unplanned, and some planned moves do
not take place. The net result could be the discrepancy revealed here. Also
the time periods are different ( 1961-62 in the study and 1962-63 i n the actual
tabulation)
.
The differences between Tables 11-12 and 11-13 may be similarly explained.
They are statistically significant.
SUMMARY
The most significant characteristics of the Monroe County Jewish population
revealed i n the tables presented i n this chapter are as follows:
1.
The Jewish fertility rate i s low compared to the rest of the
county.
2.
The Jewish population i s heavily concentrated i n four distinct
areas of the county, with Monroe-Park, Brighton, St. Paul,
and lrondequoit accounting for about 80% of the population.
3.
The oldest areas of Jewish settlement, North Central and
St. Paul, contain older, smaller households and a low proportion of Reform households, while the newer areas like
Brighton and lrondequoit have younger, larger households
and a high proportion of Reform households.
4.
Orthodox Jews differ significantly from other Jews i n age
distribution.
On the average, they are older and a much
higher proportion of them are over the age of 50 than among
the rest of the Jewish population. This i s probably explained
by the hypothesis that when children of Orthodox Jews leave
home they also tend to leave Orthodoxy i n favor of other
denominat ions.
5,
The most rapid! y growing area of the county; considering
only the Jewish population, i s the town of Brighton. This i s
due to migration into Brighton from the city of Rochester.
TABLE
11
-2
Geographic Distribution of Jewish Populati~nof Monroe County
Area
Percent
West Side
St, Paul
North Central
Downtown
Northeast
Monroe-Park
-
Winton-Browncroft
--
lrondequoit
Brighton
Pittsford
Henrietta
Other towns
Total
4.7
FIGURE
MAP OF
Showing
ROCHESTER
Geographic
1 1 - 3
AND
SURROUNDING
Divisions in
the
AREA
Population
Study
TABLE
11
-3
Age Distribution of Jewish Population
in Selected Areas of the City bnd County
1
0 - 9 Years
I
Total
Areas
4.4 %
13.0 %
I
100.0
I
100.0
9.6 %
Il00.0
19.1 %
[ l00.0
TABLE
11
-4
Present Area Distribution of Jewish Households
Area
I
Number
34
West Side
1
5.4
85
13.3
North Central
40
6.3
Downtown
4
.6
Nopheast
10
1.6
215
33.8
Winton-Browncroft
17
2.6
lrondeauoit
61
9.7
1 42
22.4
Brighton
I
I
Pittsford
Henrietta
I
1
Other towns
I
1
St. Paul
Monroe-Park
I
/
Percent
Totals
I
2
--
1
f
.3
I
2.8
7
I
1.1
635
I
100.0
18
II
I
TABLE
11
-5
Number of Persons in Household by Age of Head
i
Age of
~ e a d
I
!
I
Number in Household
Number
Responding
-
25
- 29
Don 't Know
TABLE
11
-
6
Number of Children Under Five Years of Age by Age of Head
rAge of Head
Number of Children under Five
Number
Responding
10
Years of Age
None
I
I
I
Don't Know
loo.
1
12
13
4
I
I
1
Total
loo.%
TABLE
11 - 8
Nativity of the Jewish Population of Monroe County by Age
Age in Years
Percent
Rochester
Born
Percent
U .S.
Born
17%
All Ages
*
Includes 1% born in Canada
Percent
Foreign
Born
76%
9
80
14
63
20
54
26
51
32
38
34
24
44
14
28
19
43
14
41
12
34
6
36
2
29
4
17
7
16
3
4
1
TABLE 11
-9
Denominational Distribution of Households for Selected Areas
Area
Number of
Households
Reform
Conservative
Orthodox
None
17.1%
West Side
35
35.7%
22 .O%
25.1%
St, Paul
85
17.0
31.6
51.4
--
North Central
40
5 -5
58,4
25.1
1 1 .O
Monroe-Park
62
29.5
40.1
21.6
8.9
Total
100.0%
I
lrondequoit
38.2
34.6
23.6
3.4
Brighton
44.8
37.4
39.5
11.0
4.6
Henrietta
43.8
--
18.5
TABLE II
- 10
Median Number of Years at Present Address
by Area and Denominational Self -Identification
-
--
Denominational Self -1dentificat ion
Area
*
Orthodox
Conservative
Refonn
8.6 years
St. Paul
10.9 years
10.0 years
North Central
13.6
18.1
*
Monroe- Park
7 -5
8.8
9.5
lrondequoit
6.5
8.4
8.6
Brighton
5.1
6.7
6,6
Only two Reform households in the sample were living in the North Central area.
TABLE
* Actual
Inter
July 1962
Area into Which
Move Was Made
II
- 13
- Area Moves
- August 1963
Actual InterArea Moves
West Side
St. Paul
N. Central
Downtown
Northeast
Monroe-Park
Winton-Browncroft
lrondequoit
Brighton
Pittsford
Henrietta
Other towns i n county
Out of county
Don 't Know
TOTAL
* Based on moves recorded by United Jewish Welfare Fund
of Rochester.
TABLE II
- 14
All Moves by Area of Origin and Destination
July, 1962 August, 1963
-
I
I
Destination
Chapter Ill
I N C O M E OF THE
J E W I S H P O P U L A T I O N OF MONROE C O U N T Y
EDUCATION,
OCCUPATION A N D
EDUCATION
Table 111-1 shows the education distribution of Jews and of a l l residents of
Monroe County over 25 years of age. While the differences i n the medians
are small, the details of the distribution reveal striking differences.
Of a l l Jewish males over 25 years of age, 43.7% entered college compared
with 21.7% of the white male population of the county.
Of the Jewish
males who entered college, 26% failed t o complete four years while 74%
completed at least four years of college. In the County, 42% of a l l white
males over 25 years of age who entered college failed t o finish and 58%
finished at least four years of higher education.
Among females, too, there i s a large difference between the rate at which
Jews and non -Jews enter college. The rates are 30.4% for Jewish females
and15.7% for the white female population of the county. In both groups
(Jewish and general) 57% f a i l t o complete four years. Most co-educational
colleges recognize the greater tendency of women to leave before completing
their programs and discriminate against them as a consequence. It should, of
eoiine, be reirieiribered that among those :.:he hi! tc cmp!ete four yens d
college are many who attended iunior colleges intending to study for only
two years. It i s incorrect t o infer from these figures that 57% of the women
who begin college make plans which they fail to f u l f i l l .
Of Jewish males over the age of 25, 32.4% have completed at least four
years of higher education as compared t o 12.5% of white males i n the county.
Corresponding figures for females are 13.2% and 6.8% respectively.
OCCUPATION A N D INCOME
The high level of educational achievement i n the Jewish population i s reflected i n i t s occupational distribution. Table 11 1-2 compares the occupational
distribution of employed Jews with that of the rest of the county. In the case
of Jewish males, 56.2% are i n the categories usually associated with high eduFor
cational achievement. The corresponding county percentage i s 27.0%.
women the difference i s less marked, the percentages being 24.9% for Jewish
women and 17.4% for the county. This smaller difference i n the case of women
i s consistent with the fact that educational differentials are smaller for women
than for men.
Educational differences are further reflected i n income distributions. Table 11 1-3
gives the occupational distribution of heads of Jewish households. Differences
between this and Table 111-2 are explained by the fact that Table 111-2 coven
the employed population, some of whom are not heads of households, while Table
111-3 deals with heads of households, some of whom are not employed.
Unfortunately, this distribution cannot be compared directly with that of the
county, since the U. S. Census data do not distinguish the occupation of
the head. I t i s likely, however, that the differentials observed i n Table 111-2
would persist i n this comparison if it could be made. It i s clear that the
difference i n occupational distribution affects the distribution of income. Note
that the two categories i n which Jews are most heavily represented are those in
which median income i s highest. Tables 111-4 and 111-5 illustrate the effect of
differential education and occupation on the distribution of income. Since the
U. S. Census data are for families while the Jewish Population Study data represent households, the two distributions are not exactly comparable. Households,
as defined i n the study, include individuals living alone. These are excluded
from the U. S. Census definition of families. The U. S. Census gives a median
which includes these individuals, but not the distribution. For Monroe County,
the median income for families and unrelated individuals i s $6,104. This i s the
figure which comes closest t o providing a meaningful comparison with the $7,610
median income for Jewish households. It i s not possible to estimate the understatement of differences i n percentile incomes which are due to the difference
between U. S. Census and study definitions. Table 11 1-5 presents the income
-ercenti!es
r
unccmected for h i s mdentaten?ent.
Another source of possible error i n the comparison of income distribution i s the
fact that of the 635 households interviewed, 88 (13.85%) refused to reveal
their income or did not know what i t was. If there i s some relationship between
income and refusal to answer questions about income, the sample distribution of
income for Jewish households could be completely misleading. There i s some
evidence that this i s not the case. Table 111-6 gives median incomes by area and
indicates for each area the number responding and the number refusing to respond.
A statistical test was performed to determine whether the variation i n refusal rate
differed significantly from area to area. The test strongly supported the conclusion
that the differences i n refusal rate are due to chance. Since area of residence i s
highly correlated with income, this can be regarded as evidence that the Jewish
household income distribution based on the survey i s not distorted by refusals. A
similar test was performed on the data of Table 111-7 which gives Jewish household
income distribution by the occupation of the head of the household. Note that
the highest refusal rates occur among the unemployed, retired, students and housewives. These higher refusal rates are large relative to the average of 13.8%, but
are still not significantly different from the average. If there i s any effect of
income on refusal rate, i t seems to run counter to the commonly hypothesized
effect with the highest refusal rates occurring among the lowest income classes
rather than the reverse.
Table 111-8, aside from its intrinsic interest, provides one last bit of evidence.
Country club membership i s highly correlated with income. The membership
rate among those who refused to answer the income question i s not significantly
different from the membenhip rate among those who answered.
-
In addition t o possible errors due to non response, and errors of reporting,
memories may be faulty, respondents may deliberately conceal the truth, and
interviewers may incorrectly record the answer. N o direct verification of
the study data i s possible, but crude comparison with census tract data suggests
that no gross errors have been committed. In census tracts heavily populated
with Jews, the income data of the study correspond well with the Census data.
CONCLUSIONS
The following conclusions can be drawn from the Tables i n section Ill:
The rate of college completion in the Jewish population i s
two to three times as high as in the total county population.
The rate at which Jews are employed i n the two highest paid
occupational categories i s double that of the total county
population.
The effect of more education and the consequent selection of
occupation i s to shift the income distribution of the Jewish
population toward higher incomes, with the greatest shift
occurring at the upper end of the distribution.
TABLE Ill
-1
Years of School Completed
Number of Years of
School Completed
A l l Jewish Residents of
Monroe County over age 25
Male
---
None
Elementary School
1
- 4 years
--
5-8
High School
1
- 3 years
--
College
1
- 3 years
More than 4
Total
Median Number of
Years Completed
*
.
U. S Census
-
1960
I
Female
All White Residents of Monroe Count: ,ver age 25
Male
*
Female *
TABLE
111
-3
Occupation and Median lncome of Heads of Jewish Households
Number of
Percent of
Median House-
Professional and
Semi-Professional
-
Managers, Businessmen,
Self-Employed, Etc.
Clerical and Sales
Skilled and Semi -skilled
Housewives, etc.
UnskiI led and Service
Students,
Unemployed
-
Retired
-
I
Tota I
TABLE 111
-4
lncome Distribution for Jewish Households and Monroe County Families
1
I
Annual
Income
II
Jewish
Households
I
Under $2,000
5.0%
-
I
(
Total
Median Income
*
.
U. S Census
I
1
I
~
-
I
1960
Monroe CountyFamilies
100.0 %
$7,610
X
I
5.8%
-
5.7
25,000 and over
I---~
I
-
1.6
I
1
100.0%
$7,169
1
I
TABLE 111
-5
lncome Percentiles of Monroe County Families and Jewish Households
Income of Jewish
Households
Percentil e
*
Income of Monroe
County Families
$
10th
$ 3,079
20th
4,494
4,469
30th
5,564
5,483
40th
6,528
6,317
50th
7,610
7,169
60th
8,829
8,225
70th
10,123
9,282
80th
13,190
10,958
90th
19,881
13,982
U. S . Census
- 1960
*
2,896
4
TABLE 111
-6
Median Income of Jewish Households by Area
Median
Annual
lncome
Area
West Side
$
7,189
St. Paul
5,500
North Central
3,804
Downtown
4,000
Northeast
8,867
Monroe-Park
7,006
Winton-Browncroft
Irondequoit
11,364
8,601
Brighton
1 1,522
Pittsford
11,667
Henrietta
9,089
Other town
8,971
Median income for total Jewish population =
38
Number of
Households
Responding
$7,610
Number of
Households
Refusing to
Respond
TABLE 111
-7
Distribution of Income for Jewish Households by Occupation of Head of Household
TABLE 111
-8
Countrv Club M e m b e n h i ~by Income
and
over
Member of
lrondequoit
Countw Club
Member of
Midvale
Member of
some other
Country Club
I
Total
* Less than .I %
1 100.0%/
lOO.O%I
100.0%
All
Incomes
)on 't knoln
Refused, 8
\lo respons
Chapter IV
SOCIAL
INTEGRATION
OF THE J E W I S H P O P U L A T I O N
OF MONROE C O U N T Y
Several of the questions asked i n the study provide crude measures of the extent
to which the Jews of Monroe County have become integrated into the rest of
the community. Two of the questions dealt directly with socializing activities.
Respondents were asked:
"Of the times you have eaten a meal i n someone else's home i n
the past year, about what proportion were i n the homes of nonJewish people
a l l of them, most, half, few, or none?"
--
and
"Of the times you have had guests to eat with you i n your home
i n the past year, about what proportion of the guests would you
a l l of them, most, half, few, or none?"
say were non-Jewish
--
Table IV-1 gives the results of cross-tabulating the answers to these two questions.
Tables IV-2, 3, 4, and 5 give the same cross-tabulation for households grouped
according t o Denominational Self-Identification.
Eating together was chosen as a measure ot social integration because it i s a we1l
defined social act and therefore easy .to measure. The 1956 Jewish population
study of Washington, D .C , used the same measure and those results are compared with the Rochester results i n Table IV-7. To the extent that eating together i s a measure of integration, i t i s clear that the Washington Jewish community i s more integrated than the Rochester Jewish community. In both cities
the maiority of households answered "few" or "none" to both questions.
.
It was noted i n the Washington study, and confirmed i n the Rochester study, that
Jews are more prone to have non-Jewish guests to dinner than t o eat i n the homes
of non-Jews. In Rochester this takes the form of shifting about 10% of a l l households from the "none1' to the "few" category i n going from Table IV-7A to Table
IV-7B. In Washington the shift i s larger and extends up into the "half" category. The Washington report advances three possible explanations for this difference:
1.
That the observance of Kashruth makes Jews more reluctant to eat
i n the homes of non-Jews than t o entertain non-Jews i n their homes.
2.
That non-Jews are less willing to entertain Jews than to be
entertained by Jews.
3.
That since one question deals with guests and the other with
occasions, the difference i n tabulated results i s not actually
associated with the difference i n social behavior.
The first explanation i s not supported by the Rochester data. Among Reform Jews
i n Monroe County, only S%observe kashruth to the extent that they do not eat
non-Kosher food outside their homes. Yet i n Table IV-4 we observe the same shift
from the "none" to the "few" category as i n the case of Orthodox and Conservative
Jews, who are much more observant of kashruth.
.
The second and third explanations are possible, but can be neither confirmed nor
disproved with these data.
Table IV-6 shows the result of using Tables IV-2, 3, 4, and 5 to construct an index of integration. Cells labeled I i n Table IV-1 were classifed as high, II as
moderate, Ill as low, and I V as none. Others were not rated. The same classification scheme was used in the other three detailed tables. The result i s that i n
ascending order of integration we have Orthodox, Conservative, Reform and None.
Another possible measure of integration i s given i n Table IV-8 which gives the
results of cross-tabulating the number of Jewish and non-sectarian organizations
of which the head i s a member. Note that while membership i n Jewish organizations i s more likely than membership i n non-sectarian organizations, there i s
positive correlation between the two. This suggests that ioining i s a generalized
characteristic. A person who belongs to many Jewish organizations i s likely to
belong to many non-sectarian organizat~onsas well. It can be seen from this table
that membership In Jewish organizations i s not a substitute for membership i n nonsectarian organizations, but a complement.
.
A similar effect i s seen i n Table IV-11
Those who give t o the Community
Chest are much more likely to give to the United Jewish Welfare Fund than
those who do not. The effect i s stronger for households with incomes over
$6,000 than for those with lower incomes, suggesting more integration among
high income families than among low income families.
Table IV-13 shows that
Also of interest i s the question of intermarriage.
of the households i n which the head was married either the head or the
5.3% of the households
spouse had been non-Jewish i n 8% of the cases.
represented an intermarriage situation i n which no conversion of the nonThis corresponds with the figure given
Jewish partner had taken place.
While J e m constitute 3.2% of the
i n Bogue* of 7.2% for the nation.
population of the United States, they constitute only 1.6% of the
*
Op. cit. p. 695
sub-population which has intermarried.* Thus a Jew i s less likely to intermarry
than the average American. It should be noted that Table IV-13 does not include
cases in which a Jew intermarries and ceases to identify himself as a Jew.
The significance of the tables presented in this section seems to be that Jews are
not highly integrated socially with the rest of the community, but that some kinds
of social activity are generalized so that those most active in Jewish affain are
also likely to be active i n the affairs of the community at large.
*
Op. cit. p. 695.
TABLE
IV
-2
(Orthodox)
I
I
Proportion of Non
Jewish Guests
Proportion of Meals Eaten in Non-Jewish Homes
A1 I
Most
.O%
2 -2%
All
.7
Most
I
I
Few
I
None
I
I
Don't Know
Total
Few
0
0%
None
2.2%
-
0
7%
Don 't
Know
.0%
Total
5.1%
1.4
3.3
Half
Don't Have Guests
I
Half
Don 't
Eat
Out
1
2.2%
1
.7%
TABLE IV-5
( N o Denomination)
Proportion of Meals Eaten in Non-Jewish Homes
Proportion of NonJewish Guests
Most
I
Half
+
+
Don't Have Guests
Don't Know
1
Total
TABLE IV-7
Eating With Non-Jews:
Comparison of Rochester and Washington, D .C.
A. Eating in Homes of Non-Jews
I
Proportion of Mea Is Eaten
in Homes of Non-Jews
Rochester
Households
Washington
Households
I
I
All
Most
1
8 .O
11.1
I
16.1
34.1
I
33.3
44.6
None
Don't Eat Out
2.2%
I
2.8
Half
Few
3.2%
I
2 -9
32.6
I
1.2
Not reported
4.0
I
3.8
I
1
Total
I
lOO,O%
I
100.O%
I
B. Having Non-Jewish Guests at Meals
1
I
Proportion of Non~ e w i s hGuests
I
Rochester
Households
1
I
Washington
~ouseh~lds
Most
3.1
7.5
Half
12.5
23.1
Few
42.4
37.8
None
I
I
I
33.0
I
19.5
Don't Have Guests
3.7
3.0
Not Reported
1.3
6.4
100.0%
100 .O%
Total
I
I
1
I
I
TABLE IV
-8
Membership in Jewish and Non-Sectarian Organizations
for Head of Household
Number of Non-Sectarian Organizations
Number of
Jewish
Organizations
None
None
16.7%
1 or 2
25.2
3 or more
Total
1 or2
3 or more
Tota I
1.5%
27.5%
22.4
5.6
53.2
4.2
8.7
6.5
19.4
46.1%
40.4%
13.6%
100.0%
9.3%
TABLE IV
-9
Membership in Non-Sectarian Organizations
by Heads of Households
Percent of all Heads Belonging
to Organizations
Organizations
I
39.3 %
None
5 -6
Veterans' Organizations
16.3
Masonic Organization
Other Non-Jewish Fraternities
- YWCA
4.6
18.7
Civic Music Association
-
19.3
3 .O
Service
YMCA
I
--
-
--
League of Women Voters
-
.6
NAACP
7 .O
RAUN
6.1
Other
17.9
Don It Know
7.2
TABLE IV
- 10
Head of Household Membership in Jewish Organizations
by Denominational Self-Identification
-
-
-
Organization
Orthodox
Conservative
Reform
I
None
All
None
19.7 %
21.2 %
24.4 %
57.9 %
25.1 %
J Y M & W A
24.3
29.8
33 ,O
15.8
28.5
Zionist Organizations
10.5
8.2
2,5
7.6
6.9
7,4
16.7
15.9
2.9
15.7
8.9
11.2
4,9
6.1
8.2
.7
2.5
6,9
2.9
3.5
Temple Sisterhood or Men Is Club
48.7
54.2
48 .O
7.1
47,8
Jewish Home & Infirmary Auxiliary
20.9
18.5
21 .I
6.6
19.2
Percent of Heads Belonging
to Organizations
24.8 %
36.4 %
32.4 %
6.4 %
B'nai B'rith
Jewish War Veterans
American Jewish Committee
I
100.0 %
TABLE IV-11
Contributions t o the United Jewish Welfare Fund and Contributions to
-
-
-
- -
INCOME UNDER
-
-
I
UJWF Contributors
I
I
-
100.0%
INCOME OVER $6.000
Community Chest
Contributors
-
30.2
I
I
100.0%
-
Community Chest
Non-Contributors
14
UJWF Contributors
94.3%
45.8%
5.7
54.2
I
I
100.O%
I
100.0%
I
Community Chest
Non-Contributors
ALL INCOMES
Community Chest
Contributors
I
69.8%
424
Total
I
I
Number Responding
UJWF Non -Contributors
Number Res~ondina
I
578
I
UJWF NonContributors
I
95.1%
4.9
1
Total
I
100.0%
UJWF Contributors
-
28
2.7
UJWF Non-Contributors
Total
97.3%
-
-
~ommunit~~hest
154
Number Responding
I
-
-
$6.000
I ~ o r n m u n i Chest
t~
1
--
the Community Chest
I
42
I
61.6%
38.4
I
100.0%
I
TABLE IV-12
Fami lies Contributing to UJWF
Income
Number of
FamiI ies
Number Contributing
To UJWF
Under $6,000
1 82
170
93.1%
Over $6,000
438
406
92.7%
Total
620
576
92.8%
TABLE IV-13
Number and Percent of Households
in Which the Head Has Intermarried
I
1
Number
Number of Married Heads
592
N o Intermarriage
486
Head Jewish by Birfh,
Wife Converted
11
Head Jewish by Birth,
Wife Non-Jewish
22
Head Non-Jewish,
Wife Jewish by Birth
6
Head Jewish by Conversion,
Wife Jewish by Birth
3
Don't Know
I
1
Percent
1
I
100.0%
.2
Chapter V
RELIGIOUS
PRACTICES
OF MONROE C O U N T Y
O F THE J E W I S H
POPULATION
We have seen that there are sharp differences i n the characteristics of the
Jewish population from area to area i n the county. In the North Central
and St. Paul areas the population i s older, has lower income, and i s more
likely to be Orthodox than i n lrondequoit and Brighton. It has been hypothesized that Jewish households originally settled i n the older areas. These
households were more likely to be Orthodox than Conservative or Reform.
Many were immigrants and consequently had low income. Their children,
however, were ~ r o v i d e dwith educations which gave them access to high
income occupations. Upon forming their own households the children moved
to the newer areas of the county, frequently leaving their parents behind i n
the older areas. There seems t o be a tendency for these younger families to
move away from Orthodoxy to Conservatism or Reform.
Whatever the reasons for it, the geographical classification of Monroe County
Jews reveals significant differences. From the point of view of religious
practices, however, the most meaningful classification i s according to
denominational self-identification. As explained in Chapter II, this characteristic i s based on the answer to question F28 of the questionnaire, "As a
family, do you consider yourself Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, or none
of these ?I1
Table 1-3 gives the distribution of households among these classifications.
Table IV-1 shows congregational membership according to denominational
self-identification (hereafter referred to simply as denomination)
As one
would expect, among those expressing a denominational identification, a
family i s most likely t o join a congregation of i t s own denomination. This
tendency i s strongest among Reform Jews. Those who are of no denomination
are least likely t o join a congregation. Among Orthodox Jews, 32.2% do
not belong t o a congregation. This may be partly explained by lower incomes,
since membership was defined as dues paying membership, or Orthodox
synagogue practice of concentrating on High Holiday seat holding as an
indication of affiliation rather than dues paying membership.
.
Some households are members of more than one congregation. Table V-2
suggests the magnitude of these second memberships. It i s clear that the
distributions of Table V-1 would be substantial l y unchanged if dual memberships were included.
Table V-3 shows, for each denomination, the distribution of answers most
frequently given to question F29, "When you say that you think of yourselves
as ( Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, none) , what do you mean ?" Since some
households provided more than one answer, the columns add up to more than
100%. Answers were classified as follows:
Practices: answers having to do with ritual or observances.
Upbringing: references to parents' denomination or to own
denomination during youth.
Ideology: references to ideology, phi losophy or meaning of
the denomination.
Movement from Orthodoxy: references to differences between
Orthodoxy and preferred denomination.
Tables V-4, 5, 6, and 7 show attendance at services for the three denominations. Orthodox Jews attend services most frequently, with Conservative next
and Reform least. Among Orthodox Jews, the preference for Saturday morning
services i s marked. This i s less true among Conservative Jews, and the
preference i s reversed among Reform Jews, who favor Friday night services.
Tables V-8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 show, for the three denominations, observance
of selected religious practices. The classifications in Table V-8 having t o do
with Kashruth are as follows:
Strictly observe Kashruth: a) always use separate dishes for dairy
and meat; b) always buy meat at a Kosher butcher; c) never
eat non-Kosher food outside the home.
Observe Kashruth i n home only: a) and b)
, but not c)
These are not rabbinical definitions, but are the best possible approximation
i n a study of this sort.
On the whole, we observe here that these practices are observed most by
Orthodox Jews and least by Reform Jews. Table V-1 1 suggests that the
younger Conservative and Reform families tend to celebrate Seders in the
homes of their Orthodox parents.
I t i s outside the purpose of this report to attempt to interpret the significance
of the data presented in the tables of Chapter V.
One summary statement
does, however, seem to be warranted. As Jews move away from Orthodoxy
there i s a marked tendency to discontinue traditional Jewish religious
practices and to reduce frequency of attendance at religious services.
TABLE V
-1
Congregational Membership
by Denominational Self Identification
-
II
I
I
I
Congregation
I
Denominational Self-ldentificai
orthodox
I
Conservative
Reform
None
Other
I
I Reform I None
21.8%
53.2
50.5%
7.2
1.4
32.2
8.2
Orthodox
I
IConservotive
3.2%
5.6
65.5
25.5
5.4
19.1
Don 't
Know
Denominat ions
10.8%
.2
7.4
78.5
2.5
.4
Total
I
Number Responding
I
I
I
1 56
1
(
229
TABLE V
1
204
1
44
-2
Membership i n a Second Congregation
by Denominational Self-Identification
Denominational Self -Identification
Congregation
Orthodox
Conservative
I
I
I
6 households
Conservative
Reform
I
Other
6 households
Reform
I
I
I
None
I
t
Denhl\nat ions
I
1 2 households I 1 household 1
15 households
TABLE V-4
Temple Attendance
by ~enominationalSelf-Identification
I
Denominational Self-ldentificatic
Temple Attendance
1
I
Orthodox
/
I
Conservative
I
Not at AI l
I
1
- 2 Times a Year
4 or More Times a Month
Don't Know
Total
1
12.7%
15.8
/
23.4
60.6
145.5
6.5
9.6
4.8%
I
1
Reform
I
7,1%
1 3 - 12 Times a Year
2 - 3 Times a Month
I
46.7
I
5.7
I
26.2
I
I
12.2
.7
100.0%
I
100.0%
TABLE V-5
Temple Attendance
on Friday Evening and Saturday Morning
( Orthodox)
I
!
I
1
8,2
.5
100.0%
, None
Total
TABLE V-6
Temple Attendance
O n Friday ~veninband Saturday Morning
(Conservative)
--
-
Number of Times Attended on Saturday
Number of Times
Attended on
Friday
1 -2
1-2
22.9%
3
- 22
23
- 47
48 +
Don't Know
All
-
3-22
23-47
8.6%
3.3%
42.1%
2.4
3 .O
44.2
.1
3.8
1.2
5.1
3.8
5 .O
2.4
1.9
.6
1.2
1.2
.9
1.8
.6
25.7%
TABLE V
7.2%
8.5%
-7
Temple Attendance
on Friday ~ v e n i nand
~ Saturday Morning
( Reform)
All
4.3%
15.6
.6
Don't Know
3 .O%
20.8
47.4%
48+
11.4%
L
100.0%
TABLE V-8
Observance of Kashruth
Denominational Self -ldent ification
Observance of
Kashruth
1
Orthodox
43.2%
Strictly observe Kashruth
f ~onservative i
1
10.2%
I
Observe Kashruth in
home only
38.8
36,8
-
Does not Observe
Kashruth
16.5
49 -5
-
3.8
-
100.0%
-
1.4
Don't Know
I
Total
I
100.0%
I
1
Reform
None
Total
i
TABLE V-9
Lighting Friday Night Candles
Lighting Friday
Night Candles
8
f
Denominationa Self-Identification
Orthodox
I Conservative
Reform
None
Total
Always light Candles
on Friday
Sometimes light Candles
on Friday
Never light Candles
on Friday
*
Don't Know
Tot a 1
TABLE V-10
Lighting Hanukah Candles
t
I
i
Lighting Hanukah
Candles
Denominational Self-identification
Orthodox Conservative
Reform
None
Total
Yes
89.8%
88.6%
75 .O%
35.7%
80.6%
No
10.2
11.4
23.4
64.3
18.9
Total
.5
1.6
Don't Know
100.0%-
100.0%
100.0%
.
100.0%
,
100.0%
TABLE V-1 1
Passover Seder Celebration
Denominational Self-ldentification
Passover Seder
Celebration
1
N o Seder
-
-
-
10.2%
Conservative
Reform
None
I
Total
7 .O%
20.3%
38.2%
1
14.2%
53.0
Seder i n Own Home
I
Seder Outside Home
1
28.7
Seder at Home and
Elsewhere
1
8.0
1
Total
100.0%
TABLE V-12
Mezuzahs
I
Mezuzahs
I
I
Orthodox
I
Conservative
/ Reform
1
I
I
I
None
2.5%
Tota i
27.7%
51
.O%
-
31 . I %
Mezuzahs on one or
some doors
38.1
51.8
39.8
27.8
42,9
None
10.9
17.0
47.0
69.8
28.9
.6
Mezuzahs on a l l doors
---
-
-
-
-
-
-
11.9%
1.2
Don 't Know
Total
-
100.0%
100 .O%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Chapter V I
JEWISH
EDUCATION,
BAR M I T Z V A H ,
BAS M I T Z V A H
AND CONFIRMATION
Table VI-1 shows the proportion of population i n each age bracket educated i n
each of four kinds of Jewish schools and, for those who received Jewish education, the median number of years of such education. The table suggests a
marked increase i n the proportion receiving a Jewish education i n recent years
accompanied by a slight decline i n the median number of years of Jewish education.
Table VI-2 deals with Jewish religious initiatory rites. In the Orthodox and
None categories, the sample i s small and caution i s recommended i n interpreting the table.
The following conclusions, however, seem warranted.
1.
Among Reform Jews Confirmation tends slightly to replace BarMitzvah as an initiation ceremony. This i s much more marked
among those classified as None.
2.
Through the use of Confirmation and Bas-Mitzvah Conservative
and Reform Jews tend t o provide an initiation for females who are
normally not initiated among Orthodox Jews. The Reform Jews
make more use of Confirmation and the Conservative Jews make
more use of Bas-Mitzvah for this purpose.
TABLE VI
-1
Jewish Education
Of those with Jewish Education,
Median Number of Yean Attended:
Percent Attending:
*
Number
of
Persons
*
**
Percent
having
Jewish
Education
**
Sunday
School
Hebrew
PM
Hillel
School
**
Hebrew
High
School
**
Sunday
School
Hebrew
PM
74
77.2
15.7
25.5
8.6
5.5
72
104
91
80.0
82.4
79.2
11.9
26.9
20 .O
44.1
39.2
43.1
6.9
7.3
7.3
5.4
6.4
4,5
127
79.6
22.8
41 .O
6.4
5.2
Excludes individuals identified as "don't know whether Jewish" or "undecided"
Applicable only to those under 25 years of age
Hebrew
High
School
**
Hillel
School
TABLE V I
-2
Initiation Rituals by Sex and Denomination
for Children from 14 to 19 Years of Age
Denominat ion
Initiation
Ritual
M al es
Bar Mitzvah
Orthodox
I
71%
Conservative
78%
Confirmation
I
Reform
None
61 %
33%
9
49
Both
14
15
17
16
Neither
14
7
13
2
100%
100%
100%
100%
7
Total
Number Responding
16
61
60
13%
6
12%
21
2
5%
37
81
57
53
100%
100%
47
100%
100%
54
5
Females
Bas Mitzvah
Conf im a t ion
Both
Neither
Total
Number Responding
18
5
100
Chapter V I I
AWARENESS
OF J E W I S H C O M M U N I T Y A G E N C I E S
One of the questions i n the study attempted t o gauge the degree t o which Jewish
residents recognized established Jewish social agencies, as well as their understanding of the functions of these agencies. The respondents were shown a card
which listed the names of five agencies: Jewish Young Men's & Women's
Association, Jewish Home and Infirmary, Jewish Family Service, Bureau of Jewish
Education, and Jewish Community Council. They were asked, "Do you recognize
the names of any of these community organizations? What do they do?"
Table VII-1 indicates the findings. Because of the "open end" nature of this
question these findings should be interpreted with care. However, there i s a
marked difference shown i n the degree of recognition of two agencies, the Jewish
Young Men's & Women's Association and the Jewish Home and Infirmary, which
are housed i n institutional structures, as compared with the three agencies which
conduct their activities from offices. Both institutional agencies have also, at
one time or another, conducted capital fund campaigns i n the community and both,
especially the J Y M & WA, have membership bodies. Furthermore, the very name
of the Jewish Home and Infirmary tends to carry its own definition. However,
19.7% of the respondents gave ambiguous or doubtful responses defining the
JYM & WA's function and 14.2% identified it only as a children'sor youth
serving agency. Only 1.4% of respondents mentioned the rehabilitation function
of the Jewish Home and Infirmary.
Of note i s the fact that 48% of the respondents did not recognize the name of the
Jewish Family Service, failed to respond to the question, or answered incorrectly.
This result may have been influenced somewhat by the fact that the Jewish Family
Service had changed its name from the Jewish Social Service Bureau only a year
before.
The high percentage of respondents who failed to recognize the names of the Bureau
of Jewish Education and the Jewish Community Council, failed t o respond t o the
question regarding them, or answered incorrectly may be attributed to the fact that
these agencies serve primarily institutions and organizations rather than people
directly. Nevertheless, the high percentage of respondents who failed to recognize the Jewish Community Council i s of interest, since each household picked in
the sample had previously received at least two mailings on the agency's letterhead and the interviewer invariably identified herself as serving i n behalf of the
Jewish Community Council.
69
Although the United Jewish Welfare Fund was not listed among the agencies included in this question, Table IV-12 (Chapter Four) gives the percentage of
households interviewed which contribute to the UJWF campaign. This shows that
approximately 93% of a l l households interviewed contribute to the Fund, which
would indicate that the UJWF i s the most widely recognized agency in the Jewish
community
.
Table Vll-2 indicates that twothirds of the heads of households interviewed preferred to have social service needs met by Jewish agencies. 14.3% expressed a
preference for non-sectarian agencies and 12.5% indicated the need for services
by both Jewish and non-sectarian agencies.
TABLE VII
-1
Recognition of Jewish Community Agency Function
JYM&WA
N o Response
Indicates awareness of
maior function(s)
I
Generalized, but
correct answer
Aware of some function(s)
or phase of operation without
implying knowledge of basic
agency purpose
Incorrect answer
Ambiguous or doubtful
response
For JY only.
Identified only with children's
or youth activities
For Jewish Home & Infirmary.
Mentions rehabilitative
program
Did not recognize
name of agency
Total
II
-
~ewish
Home and
Infirmary
Jewish
Family
Service
Bureau of
Jewish
Education
Jewish
Community
Council
TABLE VII
-2
Expression of Preference for
Jewish o r - ~ o n d e c t a r i a n
Agency Services
b
Number of Responses Percent of Responses
1
Expressed a Preference
for Jewish Agencies
428
Expressed a Preferance
for Non-Sectarian
Agencies
91
Mentioned a Need for
Both Jewish and Nonsectarian Agencies
79
N o Opinion Given
37
Total
I
635
I
100.0%
Chapter V l Il
MISCELLANEOUS
TABLES
A few interesting tables were produced which do not f i t into any of the
categories dealt with i n this report, but should not therefore be excluded.
Except for Table Vlll-3 they are presented without interpretation.
It should be noted that the 2.3% of the Jewish population shown i n Table
~111-3to be chronically ill (i.e., unemployed or retired, ill for at least
six months, and under some sort of professional care) excludes institutional
residents. Thus it i s estimated that there are about 500 chronically ill Jews
i n Monroe County who are not i n institutions. Of these, about 375 are over
65 years of age.
A number of tabulations were made which are not presented i n this report
either because they seemed intrinsically less interesting and useful after they
were produced, or because the frequencies i n the most interesting parts of
the table were too low to be considered a reliable basis for action or judgment. In one case, for instance, type of wedding ceremony (whether religious or civil) was tabulated by denomination and length of marriage. It
turned out that very few couples of any denomination were married in c i v i l
ceremonies at any time.
Appendix A
M E T H O D S OF THE S U R V E Y
DRAWING THE SAMPLE
The construction of the master l i s t from which the sample was drawn i s explained i n Chapter I. Each household on the list was classified according
t o i t s location i n the county. The C i t y of Rochester and the towns of
lrondequoit and Brighton were divided into a grid of half-mile squares. A l l
squares having 100 or more Jewish households on the master l i s t were sampled
at a ten percent rate. Thus a square with 170 Jewish households would be
represented i n the sample by 17 Jewish households. O f the remaining squares,
ten percent were selected at random and sampled entirely.
The smaller towns in the county were sampled at varying rates. Some with
very small Jewish populations were sampled at a 50% rate, others at a 25%
rate. This was done so as to make efficient use of interviewers' travel time.
Certain areas within the city were similarly oversampled i n order t o improve
the efficiency of estimates among high income households. The inverses of
the sampling rates are included as weights on the data tapes and must be
used in computing averages as follows:
where Xi i s the value ot characteristic X i n the i'th case, and Wi i s the weight
associated with the i'th case. A l l tables i n the report were constructed i n
this way.
TRAINING THE INTERVIEWERS
Approximately 100 women volunteered t o serve as interviewers. They were
trained i n groups of about 30 each. There were three training sessions for
each group lasting about two and one half hours per session. Each interviewer
was given an opportunity to conduct a practice interview. Problems arising
i n the practice interviews were discussed with the entire group. This training
prepared the interviewers to deal effectively with difficulties arising during
the actual interviews. As a consequence, only 31 out of 706 (4.4%) of a l l
respondents refused to be interviewed.
Interviewers were instructed to return as many as four times i n the case of
respondents who were not at home. Only 12 interviews were missed due to
failure to find a respondent at home. Considering individual questions, the
highest non-response rate occurred i n the case of the income question, with 88
( 13.9%) refusing.
In order to reduce the likelihood of refusal by respondents, each household i n
the sample was informed b y letter of i t s inclusion i n the sample and of the
purposes of the study. The letter, along with the questionnaire, appears i n
Appendix B of this report.
ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS
Table A-1 gives the upper and lower 95% confidence limits which should be
associated with estimates based on the sample of 635 households. Speaking
loosely, the table can be read as follows: Suppose some characteristic occurs
i n the population with a frequence of 35%. Under the column labeled P, find
35%. Opposite that entry w i l l be found the numbers 31.7% ( i n the column
It i s reasonable t o belabeledTtl ) and 38.5% ( i n the column l a b e l e d T 2 )
lieve that the characteristic actually occurs at least 31.7% of the time, and
no more often than 38.5% of the time.
.
Although estimates dealing with individuals are based on a larger sample than
are the estimates dealing with households, (1,955 as opposed t o 635) the same
table of errors applies because of lack of independence among individuals of
a household.
DEFINITION OF A JEW
For the purposes of
he i s a Jew.
this study, a Jew was defined as an individual who says
TABLE A-l
95% Confidence Limits for Estimates of Percentages
Based on a 10% Sample Without Replacement from a Population of 7,000
Estimated Percentage
P
Lower Limit
-n;
Upper Limit
APPENDIX B
SURVEY TOOLS
This section of the report includes copies of the material used in connection
with the Study, including the announcement to the Jewish community, instructions to interviewers, announcement of selection to sample households,
official questionnaire, flash cards, code sheets and other related material.
Example of News Release in Anglo-Jewish Newspaper
Population Study
Begins Next Week
This coming week t h e
Rochester Jewish Population
Study, a major project of the
Jewish Community Council,
will get underway, it is announced by Garson Mzyer,
Chairman of the Study Conimittee and President of the
Rochester Council of Social
Agencies.
For the Past two weeks, 125
volunteer interviewers serving under 13 supervisors have
been attending a training
course to prepare themselves
to pursue the interview phase
of the study, Meyer said. The
course is conducted by Dr. Richard N. Rosett, Assistant
Professor of Economics at the
University of Rochester, who
is serving as Study Consultant.
More than 25 Jewish aqencies. temples synagogues and
other organizations have cooperated by submitting their
membership r o s t e r s from
which a master list of all Jewish households in Monroe
County has been developed.
A sampling, determined in accordance with well established
scientific procedure, is being
drawn from this master list for
interviewing.
MANY CHANGES
During the past several
years many changes have raken place in our ~ e w i s hcominunity, Meyer said. Man
~ c o p l ehave moved from a m
place to another and from the
city to the suburbs. Our Jewish agencies, congregations
and other organizations are
faced with problems of shifting locations and changing
emphases in their programs.
Sound planning is very vital.
For this we must have a
great deal of information
about our Jewish population
which we lack at present. It
is expected that the study will
provide this information and
enable our Jewish community
to plan for itself effective!^ in
the years to come. Many other
J e w i s h communities have
completed similar studies in
recent years, among t k m ,
Washington, San Francisco.
Los Angel% New Orleans,
Minneapolis, Canton, Ohio,
and Lynn Mass.
Interviewers will ask the
families they visit for information on such subjects as
the ages of the ~l?e.r?lbers ~f
the household; whether they
are planning to move or stay
in their present homes; the
places of birth; the occupations; educational status, both
general and Jewish; congregational and organizational
membership. and other related questions.
confidentiality sf all information is guaranteed. Iden.
tifying face sheets on the questionnaires will be removed before coding and punching of
IBM cards. ~h~ material will
be processed by IBM mathines and the final report will
indude mass data only with
no identification of families
interviewed.
It is expected that the published report will be available
in the fall. The study is being
financed jointly by the Jewish Family Service, the Jewish
Service, the Jewish Home 81
Infirmary, the JYM&WA,
and the United Jewish Welfare Fund.
~ h , study questionnaire
which will be used is the result of weeks of work and
preparation by a large cornmittee which considered the
areas of information sought
by our local agencies, questionnaires which have been
used by other Jewish communities in their studies, and
several items which are being
included for academic and
scholarship Purposes related
to increasing the total information nationally on the character of our Jewish population. Thus The Rochester
J P W ~ Sccmm~l?ity
~
wi!! net,
only be laying solid groundwork for development of its
own future service programs,
but will be making a contribution to our national Jewish community.
COOPERATION
Jewish families selected in
the sampling are requested to
cooperate fully with the volunteer interviewers who are
giving
many
of
their time in training and
work. They are given every
assurance of the confidentiality of all information imparted.
The professional staff involved in the study consists of
Elmer Louis, executive director, and Julius Ness, assistant director, of the Jewish
Community Council.
Example of a News Release
Progress Report
Given on Study
A progress report was given
Tuesday evening of the Jewish
Population Study Committee
when it met a t the Hotel Sheraton, it is announced by Garson Meyer, chairman.
A master list of all Jewish
households is almost complete,
Meyer said, and an address
check will be conducted in
April. A balanced and ballot
sampling will be drawn from
this list for individual interviews.
At the meeting, which was
addressed by Alvin A. Chenkin, Director of the Statistical
Unit of the Council of Jewish
Federations and W e 1f a r e
Funds, the committee discussed and improved the final
form of the detailed questionApproximately 1000 Jewish
families will be interviewed
and each interview will take
about 45 minutes, according to
Mrs. Ephraim Lewis, chairman
of volunteers. She reported
that 13 teams, totalling 125
women, have been recruited
and will serve under 13 supervisors.
All supervisors and interviewers 411 attend a three
session training course. The
course will terminate Apr. 20,
at which time the interviewing
will get underway. This will
be followed by coding and an
IBM machine collation of results. The final printed report
is expected to be available in
the fall.
The supervisors we: Mrs.
Sylvan M. Berman, Miss Bernice Boyarsky, Mrs. Morris
Ganon, Mrs. Warren Goldstein,
Mrs. Samuel Guggenheim, MIS.
James K. Littwitz, Mrs. Philip Nustraum, Mrs. Reuben
Robbins, Mrs. Morris Rock,
Mrs. Martin C. Sabath, Mrs.
Sidney J. S a h n a n , Mrs. Ira
Whiteman and Mrs. Irving
Ruderman.
Elmer Louis, executive director of the Jewish Community Council of Rochester, and
Julius Ness, assistant executive
director, are conductinp
study.
Example of a News Item Carried in a Congregational Bulletin
COMMUNITY COUNCIL
TO MAKE STUDY OF
JEWISH POPULATION
A f t e r months of preparation and
planning, the Jewish Community
Council will launch its much needed
Jewish Population Study of Rochester
this week.
F r o m this population study much
needed information about our community will be obtained; this will enable all organizations within the Jewish community to plan intelligently
f o r o u r f u t u r e needs. Many other
Jewish communities have conducted
similar studies in recent years and
reported g r e a t success. Among those
a r e Los Angeles, S a n Francisco,
Washington, New Orleans and others.
A master list of Jewish households
in Monroe County has been compiled
from the records of over twenty-five
Jewish agencies, organizations and
congregations. From this master list
a scientitic sampling of a thousand
households will be made. Trained volunteer interviewers will visit the families to ask f o r information on such
subjezts a s ages of the members of
the household, place of birth, occupation and educational status, congregational and organizational membership, and other related questions. All
interviews will be completely confidential. The name and address will
be removed from each questionnaire
before coding and translation to IBM
cards. The final report will deal with
(he cumulative d a t a only. None of
the information rezeived will be used
f o r any other purpose but this survey.
A s a participating congregation in
the Population Study, we urge t h e
members of Temple Family to extend
every courtesy and cooperation to the
interviewer. The success of the s t u d y
will depend to a g r e a t degree upon t h e
cooperation which the interviewers
leceive.
The Study is being conducted by a
large committee under the chairmanship of Mr. Garson Meyer.
JEWISH
JEWISH
POPULATION
COMMUNITY
SURVEY
OF
COUNCIL
MONROE
COUNTY.
N. Y.
INSTRUCTIONS TO VQ LUNTEER INTERVIEWERS
Read a l l questions exactly as they are printed i n the interview form. Although you
should know the questions well enough to read them smoothly, you should not rely
on your memory i n conducting the interview.
Use pencil to f i l l out the interview.
Record the code number on the cover sheet, Page 1, and every P-Form of the interview.
If you encounter someone you know or who knows you when you make a call, explain
that anonymity requirements make i t necessary for someone else to be sent by the Jewish
Community Council, thank the respondent, leave, and return the name and interview
form to your supervisor.
Make a "Record of Call" on Page 1 of the questionnaire after every call, regardless of
outcome.
We are interviewing households. This includes relatives, roomers, boarders, servants,
etc., who l i v e i n the household. The husband, i f present, is the head of a household.
Otherwise, the head is the principal breadwinner.
F i l l out every answer space giving the answer i f one i s obtained, circling DK i f the
respondent does not know the answer, or circling N A i f the question does not apply,
When writing answers to open-ended questions such as F12, F15D, etc., use the
respondent's own words as much as possible.
Do not accept DK without first urging respondent to attempt to remember.
Question F8 i s designed to determine where i n the Rochester area this family lived
before moving to its present address. The question reads,I1Where were you I iving
just before you moved here?" Here refers to the present address, not to Rochester.
Almost everyone i s wi!!ing to be interviewed, end most regard i t as an interesting
experience. Don't be timid. Approach the respondent with the attitude that he or
she w i l l welcome you and answer questions willingly because both you and the
respondent are performing a valuable service to the Jewish community.
You w i l l be given a supply of the leoflet describing the Population Survey. I f you
are asked about the purpose of the study or the reasons for asking a particular question,
give the respondent a copy of the leaflet, indicating the appropriate paragraph. Do not
attempt to explain why a particular question i s being osked. Merely stress community
planning purposes and c,onfidentiality of individual responses. A l l data w i l l be reduced
to statistical tables. N o agency w i l l be allowed to have data concerning individual
households.
O n Question F31A, Blue Cross, Blue Shield, and Major Medical are a l l health and
accident insurance. Therefore, ask F31A i f the answer to F31 i s 1,2,3, or 4 . However,
i s covered under any one of these.
do not list any person who -
-If there should be any question,
please remember complete confidentiality i s absolutely
guaranteed. Questionnaires w i l l go directly from report meetings to Dr. Rosett's office
at the University of Rochester for processing. They w i l l not be taken to the Jewish
Community Council office. Identifying name and addressace sheets w i l l be removed
before processing. Furthermore, our Jewish agencies and institutions are interested only
in mass dato and trends and not i n individual situations. The final report w i l l deal only
with mass dato in which no one can be identified.
Questionnaire administered by interviewers to each household in sample
129 EAST AVENUE
ROCHESTER 4 , NEW YORK
JEWISH POPULATION SURVEY
MONROE COUNTY, NEW YORK
Code No.
NAME
ADDRESS,
JEWISH
POPULATION
SURVEY
OF
MONROE COUNTY, NEW YORK
Code
Number
-1
I
I
[ L I S T HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS]
F1.
Good (afternoon). I'm from the Jewish Community
Council. We're making a survey of families around
Rochester - you've probably received a letter
about this. Are there any Jewish people l i v i n g
i n this household?
Yes
[IF
0
No
U
"NO" THANK RESPONDENT AND END INTERVIEW1
F2.
Who i s the head of this household?
F3.
What other people l i v e here? Are there any
others who usually l i v e here who are away for instonce, i n school, i n the armed services,
etc.?
[ L I S T A L L , INCLUDING RESPONDENT]
What are their relations to the head of the
F4.
household?
F5.
Which of these people are Jewish by birth or
conversion, and which ore not?
-
[No 0, B i r t h - 1,Conversion
Undecided 31
-
-2,
Number Jewish i n Household
I Total Number in ~
o
u
s
e
h
o
l
d
l
RECORDOFCALLS
Show result of each call and best time for next call i f necessary, using *abbreviations:
No Jews i n dwelling unit
Address not a dwelling unit
Dwelling unit vacant
Interview completed
NO JEW
NOT DU
VAC
COMP
Nobody at home
Respondent not home
Respondent not available
Husband or wife refused interview
NAH
RNH
NAV
REF
L
Date
1
2
3
l
Time: AM/PM
Result
MAKENEXTCALL
Date
Time: AM/PM
Interviewer's Name
(PRINT OR WRITE CLEARLY)
[FOR EACH JEWISH PERSON NOW OR USUALLY IN HOUSEHOLD,ASK THESE QUESTIONS, WRITING
ANSWERS IN ONE "P-FORM". COPY N A M E AND RELATION T O HEAD FROM COVER. IF UNSURE
O F SEX, ASK
LIF AWAY A T PRESENT1
Where i s he (she) iust now?
I s he married, widowed, divorced, seporoted or never married?
In whot year was he born?
[IF "DON'T
Then at h i s lost birthday he was
KNOW", ASK: About what year?]
years old, wasn't he?
In what stote or country was he born?
[IF IN U.S.,
STATE;
IF ABROAD,
COUNTRY]
In what country were h i s parents born?
P6A. [ I F BORN IN U.S.1
PbB. [ I F FOREIGN BORN1 In what year did he arrive in the U.S.?
Since what year has he lived i n or around Rochester?
[ I F IN THIS AREA A L L HIS L I F E , SKlP TO P8;
P7A.
P7B.
IF NOT, ASK P7A and B1
In what stote or country did he l i v e just before moving to the Rochester area?
Was thot on a form, i n a small town, i n o middle-sized city or i n a big city?
P7C.
[IF "IN A BIG C I T Y " ] Whot c i t y was thot?
[ I F OVER AGE 183 Hos he (she) ever served i n the armed forces of the United States?
A t present i s he working for pay or profit, (keeping house) (going to school) or what?
[IF
"KEEPING HOUSE", "GOING TO SCHOOLn, OR IN ARMED FORCES, SKIP TO P10. I F
"WORKING" ASK P9A, B and C ABOUT PRESENT JOB:
P9A, B, ond C ABOUT K T JOB1
P9B.
P9C.
IF
"UNEMPLOYED" OR "RETIRED" ASK
I s thot for himself, for someone else, or what?
[SHOW CARD A ] In which of these groups i s thot? Just tell me the number, ~ l e o s e .
[IF "UNEMPLOYED" OR "RETIRED" ASK P9D1
I P ~ D . I s thot because of ill health, age, or whot?
I
I
[IF 'ILL
HEALTH", ASK P9E and
[PROBE:
Ill
first, age first, or what?]
F1
P9E. How long has he been i l l ?
P9F. I s he under a doctor's core, at home, or whot?
Whct was !he !.st
year (or grcde) of school he finished?
[SHOW CARD B ] Here ore some kinds of Jewish education.
Did he hove any of these?
P11A. [FOR EACH KIND MENTIONED] For obout how many years? I s he s t i l l attending, did he leave
before finishing, graduate, or whot?
FOR EACH CHILD UNDER 20 ASK P I 1B l
P11 B. Do you plan to provide any of these kinds of Jewish education?
When do you think he w i l l begin?
[FOR H E A D O F
P12.
HOUSEHOLD AND
HUSBAND OR WIFE1
[FOR EACH CHILD
OVER 12 AND UNDER 201
[FOR EACH SON
OVER 121
[FOR EACH DAUGHTER
OVER 121
[SHOW CARD C ] Are you ( i s he) o member of any of these?
Just t e l l me the number o f each one, please.
(PROBE: Any others?)
P13.
[SHOW CARD D l And are you ( i s he) a member of any of
these groups? (PROBE: Any others?)
P14.
[SHOW CARD E l These ore some Jewish teen-ogers' groups.
I s he o member of any of these? (PROBE: Any others?]
P15A. Has he hod a bar-mitzvah ceremony, o confirmation ceremony,
both, or neither of these?
P15B. Has she had a bas-mitzvah ceremony, o confirmation ceremony,
both, or neither of these?
"P-FORM"
Code
Number
u
[CIRCLE NUMBER BEFORE EACH CORRECT ANSWER1
lame
Relation to Head
1
Sex
2
Male
Female
I
'1.
1
Armed Forces
2
School
'2.
1
'3.
Year
Born
'5.
3 Hospitol (any type)
6 Other
4 Business trip
Morried
2 Widowed
3 Divorced
DK
I
1
7 NA
5 Vacation
8 DK
5
4 Separated
Never married
6 DK
P4- Yeors
Age in
Country or
State Born
)6A.
Country o f
Porents' Birth
)7.
Year Arrived
Rochester
P6B. Year Arrived
i n U.S.
NA
DK
NA
DK
I
>7B. 1 Farm
DK
2 Small town
3 Medium c i t y
18.
Served i n armed forces?
3'.
1 Working for pay or profit
2
'9A.
P7A.
3
NA
or Country
DK
3 NA
2 No
5
Going to school
4 In armed forces
NA
Kind of
Work
'9C.
3
Industry
1
2
39D.
Ill Health
1
1
7 Other
Unemployed
P9B.
1 For himself
3 NA
NA
ill
4 Age but now
3
I1
DK
5 Other
3 Both
Age
DK
6 NA
P ~ E .1 L e s s than 1 month
1
2
More than 1 month but less than 6
3
4
More than 6 but less than 1 year
More than 1 year
5 NA
6 DK
7
5 Other (specify)
Both
4 No professional care
I
year finished
1
0
1-4, 5-8
1I
GRAD.
PROF.
9-11, 12
Jewish education - enter number o f years (circle
i f s t i l l attending, check box i f graduated)
H e b r e w H.S.
Sunday
H e b r e w PM
H i l l e l School
DK
6 NA
COLLEGE
'
2 For someone else
4 DK
8
1 Doctor's care
"A
9 DK
8 NA
Other (specify)
2 Nursing care
311.
2nd
6 NA
7 DK
Other
4 DK
6 Retired
7
5
2
'9F.
6
4
5
4 B i g city: Name
1 Yes
Keeping house
Former State
Private tutor
-Other: What?
P11B. Enter year in which education w i l l begin
0
C
S u n d a y
H e b r e w PM
H i l l e l School
H e b r e w H.S.
-Private tutor
-Other: What?
DK
NA
Y None
P12.
Non-sectarian organizations
1
3
5
7 9
X Other (specify)
2
P Is.
4
6
8
0
5
3
2
4
6
X Other(spe~liy)
0 None
DK
--
NA
Jewish orgonizations
1
7
5
3
4
6
9
8
XOther
DK
NA
1 Bar-mitzvah, bas-mitzvah
3 Both
2 confirmation
4 Neither
DK
NA
2
P15.
A& B
Tsc.1-age organizotions
1
P13.
DK
NA
Y None
0
Y None
[IF HEAD I S MARRIED, ASK F 6 AND F7, OTHERWISE SKIP T O F81
The next few questions are about your family as a whole.
[IF NOW
MARRIED]
I n what year did you (the head) marry?
DK
NA
[YEARI
D i d you have a c i v i l wedding ceremony, or
a religious ceremony, or both?
F8.
Civil
Religious
Both
1
2
3
DK
NA
Where were you living just before you moved here?
[IF IN ROCHESTER AREA, ASK FOR ADDRESS INCLUDING NAME O F TOWN.
IF OUTSIDE ROCHESTER AREA, SIMPLY RECORD RESPONDENT'S ANSWER1
F9.
Were you living i n a one family house, two family house,
or what?
F10. Did you own or rent i t ?
One Family
Two Family
More than 2 Family
Other: What?
1
2
3
4
Own
Rent
Other: What?
2
3
Own
Rent
Other: What?
2
3
1
F11. In what year did you move to this address?
[YEARI
F12. What was there about this neighborhood that made you move here?
Was there anything else about the neighborhood?
F13. Do you own or rent your home here?
1
-4-
F14. Do you expect now to move in the next year?
No 0
Yes 1
Don't know 2
[ I F 'YES", ASK F14A, B AND C1
F14A. Do you expect to buy or rent?
Buy
Rent
Don't know
Other: What?
1
2
0
3
F14B. Where do you expect to move to?
[SPECIFY NEIGHBORHOOD, I.E. BRIGHTON #1, TWELVE CORNERS, WARD NUMBER,
ETC.1
F14C. What i s your second choice?
F15. Are you regular dues-paying members of a synagogue or temple
[ I F "YES", ASK F15A, B, C, AND D
F15A. Which ones?
Yes 1
No 0
- I F "NO", ASK F15E AND F l
[FOR EACH ONE NAMED1
FI5B. In what year did you join?
F15C. How did you hoppen to choose that congregation?
F15D. Was there any other reason?
-
Name of Congregation
Year Joined
How Happened to Choose that Congregation
A l l Reasons
I
[IF
"NOn TO
F151
F15E. What would you say i s your most important reason for not belonging to any?
F15F.
I s there any other reason?
The following ore things some Jewish families do and some don't do.
We are interested i n finding out how many families do each of them.
F16.
D i d you yourself or your husband (wife) contribute any money last year?
Don't
Yes
-
No
-
Know
-
1
1
2
2
3
3
to the Community Chest Red Feather Campaign?
to the United Jewish Welfare Fund?
F17.
How many times have you (has the head)
attended synagogue or temple services
during the past twelve months - not at
all, just once or twice, once a month,
or more often? [IF "MORE OFTEN,"
ASK: How often?]
[IF
ATTENDANCE
F18A.
I S MORE
Head
-
1
2
3
Not at all, don't go
1-2 times a year
3-1 1 times a year
Once a month
2-3 times a&
4 or more times a month
THAN TWICE A YEAR, ASK F18A,
4
5
6
B and
Cl
Of the times you attended synagogue or temple services i n the past year, about
how many times did you go to Friday night services?
F18B. What about Saturday morning services?
F18C. Did you attend services regularly on any other day?
N
o Yes
(specify day)
F19. L a s t Passover, did you have a Seder i n your own home,
or attend one elsewhere, or not go at a l l ?
No
Own home
Elsewhere
F20. L a s t Hanukah,
did
Yes
you l i g h t Hanukah candles?
No
F20A.On what Jewish holidays do you usually attend synagogue or temple?
8.
9. None
0
1
2
1
2
Do you do each of these things always, sometimes or never?
Always
F21.
F22.
F23.
[IF
1
2
None
3
ASK F 2 3 A l
Do you eat non-kosher food outside your home?
F25. Of the times you have eaten a meal in someone
else's home i n the past year, about what proportion
were i n the homes of non-Jewish people
them, most, half, few or none?
Eating
Out
Having
Guests
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
- -
- a l l of
F26. Of the times you hove hod guests to eat with
you i n your home i n the past year, a k t what
proportion of the guests would you say were
non-Jewish - a l l of them, most, half, few
or none?
F28.
All
Some or one
Use separate dishes for meat and dairy foods?
Buy meats at a kosher butcher?
F24. Do you have mezuzahs on a l l , some, or none
of your doors
F27.
Never
L i g h t Friday night candles?
"ALWAYS" OR 'SOMETIMES",
F23A.
Sometimes
A l l of them
Most
Half
Few
None
Don't eat out
Don't have guests
I s any member of your immediate family married
Which?]
to a non-Jewish person? [IF "YES",:
As a family, do you consider yourselves Orthodox,
Conservative, Reform, or none of these?
4
5
6
6
No
Child
Parent
Brother or sister
Other: Which?
1
2
Orthodox
Conservative
Reform
None of these
1
2
3
4
F29. When you soy that you think o f yourselves as [ANSWER TO F281, what do you
hove i n mind?
F30.
[SHOW CARD F1 Do you recognize the names of any of these community organizations?
What do they do?
Organization
A
B
No
0
Yes
1
Function
3
4
F30A. Some people are i n favor of having Jewish organizations provide these services for Jews and
other people are i n favor of having these services provided by non-sectarian organizations
such as the Red Cross, town and county governments, etc. How do you feel about this?
[PROBE: What do you mean by that?]
F31.
[SHOW CARD
GI
I s your family covered by any of these types of insurance? Which ones?
0
None
DK
[IF
COVERED
BY
H E A L T H & ACCIDENT INSURANCE]
F31A. Are any members o f this household excluded from coverage under your health and
accident policy?
- -
NAME
F32.
Are you members of a country club?
Yes
F33.
RELATION TO HEAD
0
[IF
"YES"]
1
Which one i s that?
(specify)
And, finally, to help us keep track of the cross-section we're getting,
w i l l you please tell me i n which one of these groups [SHOW CARD H I
your total family income fell lost year? T e l l me iust the number, please.
[ I F 'DON'T
KNOW": Can you tell me between which two?]
1 6
2 7
3 8
4
9
5
0
X-DK
Flash Cards Used by Interviewers in Conjunction with Specific Questions
i n the Jewish Population Study Questionnaire
CARD
CARD
"A"
Question P-1 1
Question P9C
"B"
-
Jewish education
Construction
Manufacturing
Sunday School
Wholesale tmde
Hebrew PM
Retail trade
H i l l e l School
Finance, insurance & real estate
Hebrew High School
Business, repair & personal services
Private tutor
Entertainment & recreation services
Other: Specify
Medical, legal, welfare and
related services
Other
CARD
"c"
CARD "D"
Question P-12-Non-sectarian organization
Veterans' organizations
(Amer.
Legion, VFW,etc. - exclude JWV)
Masonic organizations
Other non-Jewish fraternal organizations
(Elks, Moose, Knights
of Pythias, etc.)
Service organizations
Kiwanis, Lions, etc.)
Y M C A
or
(Rotary,
Y W C A
Question P-13
-
Jewish Organizations
Hadassah
Any other Zionist organization
(ZOA, LZOA, Mizrachi, Pioneer
Women, etc.)
National Council of Jewish Women
B'nai B'rith
Jewish War Veterans
American Jewish Congress
N A A C P
Temple or Synagogue Sisterhood,
Men's Club, Couples Club, etc.
R A U N (Rochester Assoc. for the
United Nations)
None
Other
Other (specify)
None
CARD "En
Question P-14
CARD "F"
-
Teenage organizations
-
Question F-30
Service Agencies
Jewish fmtemity or sorority
Non-Jewish fraternity or sorority
A
JYM&WA
Temple or Synagogue Youth
Group
B
Jewish Home
JYM &WA
C
Jewish Family Service
D
Bureau of Jewish Education
E
Jewish Community Council
Boy Scouts or G i r l Scouts
& Infirmary
Y M C A or Y W C A
Other
None
CARD
Question F-31
"G"
-
Insurance
"H"
CARD
Question F-32
-
Income Bracket
Under $2,000
Blue Cross
2,000
-
2,999
3,000
-
3,999
Major Medical Insurance
4,000
-
4,999
Other health & accident insurance
5,000
-
5,999
6,000
-
6,999
Blue Shield
Social Security
10,000
-
14,999
15,000
-
24,999
25,000
and
7,000
Other retirement plan or annuity
None
9,999
over
JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF ROCHESTER
JEWISH POPULATION STUDY
TAPE
F
Word
Number
- 1961
CODES
- Tape
Code
Information
Interview Number
Area of Residence
See Code Supplement A
Number of Years Married
See Code Supplement
Type of Wedding Ceremony
1
2
3
4
5
Rrevious Area of Residence
Previous Home
Previous Home
- type of housing
- own or rent
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
Number of years at present address
Reason for moving to present
neighborhood
B
Civil
Religious
Both
Don't Know
Not Applicable
One Family
Two Family
More than two family
Other
Don't Know
Own
Rent
Other
Don't Know
See Code Supplement B
None
Jewish neighborhood
Convenience of location
Relatives or friends living i n area
Characteristics of neighborhood
Price
Proximity to professional practice
or business
House
School
Suburban
Other
F-Tape
Word
Number
Code
lnformat ion
1
2
3
4
Own
Rent
Other
Don It Know
Expect to move
0
1
2
No
Yes
Don't Know
Expect to buy or rent
0
1
2
3
4
Not applicable
Buy
Rent
Other
Don't Know
Area to which move i s expected
Second choice of new area
Own or rent home
-
-
-
- page 2
-
Member of congregation
1
0
Name of congregation
Reform
Yes
No
Conservative
-
01
02
03
11
12
13
Orthodox 21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
40
Reasons for joining or
Non membership
B'rith Kodesh
Emanu-El
Sinai
Beth E l
Beth David
Beth Am
Beth Sholom
Beth Joseph
B'nai lsrael
Beth Hacknesseth Hachodosh
Beth Hamedrash Hagodel
Cong .Agudas Nusach Ari
Cong.Anshei Kipel Volin
Cong. Anshei Polin
Cong. Beth lsrael
Cong. Ein Yakove
Cong. Light of lsrael
Cong. Ti~herethlsrael
Other
If word 18 i s "1"
0
N o response
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Denominat ion
Proximity or convenience of location
Religious education program
Family or friends belonged
Social reasons
Preference for Rabbi
Financial
?
.
J PS
Word
Number
Information
F-Tape Code
- page 3
Code
-
8
9
Services
Other
If word 18 i s "0"
0
1
2
3
4
5
N o response
Financial
N o t religious, not interested
Express intent to join when children old
Converted away from Judaism
Other
-
Contributions
Community Chest
1
2
3
1
UJWF
2
3
4 Declined
Temple Attendance
Number of times attended Friday
night services
Number of times attended Saturday
morning services
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
8
9
10
11
12
0
1
2
3
Light Hanukah Candles
Notatall,donltgo
1-2timesayear
3-1 1 times a year
Once a month
2-3 times a month
Don't know
Not applicable
0-4
13
25-29
5-9
14
30-34
10-14
15
35-39
15-19
16
40-44
20-24
17
45-49
18
50-54
Yizkor ( memorial services)
Yahrzeit
Daily
Sunday
Other
Don? know
Yes, but don't know day
N o t applicable
1,2,3,and
4
Attend sewices regularly on any
other day
Seder
Yes
No
Don't Know
Yes
No
Don't Know
to answer
1
2
3
No
Own home
Elsewhere
1 and 2
Yes
No
Don't know
JPS
Word
Number
Use separate dishes
Code
Code
lnformat ion
Light Friday night candles
- F-tape
1
2
3
4
Always
Sometimes
Never
Don't know
1
2
3
4
Always
Sometimes
Never
Don't know
-
Buy meats at a Kosher butcher
1
2
3
4
Eat non-Kosher foods outside home
Mezuzahs on all, some or no doors
1
2
3
4
Always
Sometimes
Never
Don't know
5
Always
Sometimes
Never
Not applicable
Don't know
1
2
3
4
All
Some or one
None
Don't know
-
Proportion of meals eaten i n nonJewish homes
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Proportion of non-Jewish guests i n home
i
2
3
4
5
6
7
Family intermarriage
1
2
3
4
5
6
A l l of them
Most
Half
Few
None
Don't eat out
Don't know
A l l of them
Most
Half
Few
None
Don't have guests
Don't know
No
Child
Parent
Brother or sister
Other
Don't know
-
Page 4
--
J PS
Word
Number
1
2
3
4
5
Meaning of religious group identification
F-Tape Code
- page 5
Code
Information
Religious group self-identification by
head
-
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Orthodox
Conservative
Reform
Noneofthese
Don't know
N o reason
Practices
Upbringing
Ideology
Movement from Orthodoxy
Convenience
Other
If word 43 i s "4"
0
1
2
3
Recognition of functions of
social service agencies:
0
JYM&WA
Jewish Home & Infirmary
2
3
1
4
5
List of correcf definitions attached
6
7
Feeling about Jewish and/or nonsectarian sponsorship of service agencies
0
1
2
3
N o reason
Lack of interest or conviction
Conversion from Judaism
Other
N o response
Indicates awareness of major function(s)
and/or purpose of agency
Generalized but correct answer
Aware of some function(s) or phase of
operation without implying knowledge
of basic agency purpose
Incorrect answer
Ambiguous or doubtful response
(For J Y only) Identified only with
children's or youth activities
(For Home -B- only) Mentions the
rehabilitative program
N o opinion
Jewish
Non-sectarian
Mentions need for both
Persons not covered by insurance plans i n
words 120 126
Number of persons indicated
0
None or don't know
Country Club membership
0
-
1
2
3
No
lrondequoit Country Club
Midvale Country Club
Other
JPS
Word
Number
-F
Code
a
Information
Code
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
11
Under $2,000
2,900 2,999
3,000-3,999
4,000 - 4,999
5,000-5,999
6,000-6,999
7,000-9,999
10,000 14,999
15,000 - 24,999
25,000 and over
-
-
Don't know, refused, or no response
56
BLANK
57
Total number i n Household,
including non-Jews
Number i s coded naturally
Number i n household age 0-4
Coded numerically
59
Number i n household age 5-19
Coded numerically
60
Number i n household age 20 and over
Coded numerically
61
Sample Code
0
1
2
-
58
I
Original sample
C i t y Directory
Suburban Directory
I
The balance ofL the words refer to information on the head c the family only.
1
Relation i-o head
10
20
00
Male
Female
Non-Jew
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Armed Forces
School
Hospital (any type)
Business trip
Vacation
Other
N o t applicable
Don't know
1
2
3
4
5
6
Married
Widowed
Divorced
Separated
Never married
Don't know
-
Marital status
65
I
-
,
JPS
Word
Number
- F-Tape
Code
page 7
Code
lnformat ion
State or Country of birth
1
2
3
4
5
New York State
U .So, outside New York State
Canada
Otherforeigncountry
Don't know
Country of parents' birth
1
2
3
United States
Foreign country
Not applicable
Don't Know
1 and 2
2 and 4
1 and 4
3 and 4
4
5
6
7
8
Number of years i n U .So
Number of years i n Rochester area
-
-
-
-
-
Previous state or country
1
2
3
4
5
6
New York State
U .So, outside New York State
Canada
Other foreign country
Don't know
Not applicable
Size of city
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Farm
Small town
Medium city
Big city
Other
Not applicable
Don't know
1
2
3
Yes
No
Not applicable
Don't know
See attached l i s t of "big" cities.
Military service
4
Present occupation
Working tor pay or protit
Keeping house
Going to school
In Armed Forces
Unemployed
Retired
Other
Not applicable
Don't know
J PS
Word
Number
lnformat ion
Kind of work
See attached list of occupational
classifications.
-
F-Tape Code
Page
8
Code
ProfessionaI & semi -professions l
Businessman, Manager, self -employed
artisan
Self -employed businessman
Managers and officials (not selfemployed and not farm)
Farm managers
Self-employed artisans and craftsmen,
free-lance, no employees
Working for privately held corporation
of which he i s owner
Clerical, sales clerks, attendants
Buyers, agents and broken
Skilled or semi -skilled workers
Skilled workers craftsmen, foremen
Semi-skilled workers operatives,
machine operators
Unskilled or service worker, N A which
or what kind
Unskilled workers laborers, not farm
Unskilled workers farm laborers
Service workers domestics (private
family)
Service workers other than domestics
(not private family)
Protective service workers
Member of Armed Forces (officers considered managers & officials, or
professional)
Unemployed regular occupation not
signified.
Unemployed professional or semi
professional
Unemployed,- proprietors, managers,
officials (including farm managers)
Unemployed clerical, sales
Unemployed skilled, semi-skilled
Unemployed unskilled, service workers
Unemployed protective service
Unemployed farmer
Retired former occupation unknown
Reti red professional or semi -professional
Retired self-employed, business,
managers, officials
Retired clerical, sales clerks, attendant
buyers, agents and brokers
Retired skilled, & semi-skilled
Retired unskilled, service workers
Retired protective service, armed forces
Retired farm operator
Student
Student with part-time employment
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
J PS
Word
Number
- F -Tape
Code
Pge 9
Code
lnformat ion
02
03
04
1
For whom working
2
3
4
Housewife
Occupation not ascertained (Don't know)
Notapplicable
For himself
For someone else
N o t applicable
Don't know
Construction
Manufacturing
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, real estate
Business, repair, personal services
Entertainment & recreational services
Medical, legal, welfare, related services
Other
Not applicable
Don It know
Industrial Employment Group
Classification
Reason for retirement or unemployment
Ill health
Age
3
Both
4
Age but now ill
5
Other
6 Not applicable
7
Don't know
1
2
-
1
2
How long ill
3
4
5
6
Under doctor's care, at home, etc
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Last year of school
0
1
2
3
4
--
Less than 1 month
More than 1 month but iess than 6
More than 6 months but less than 1 year
More than 1 year
Not applicable
Don't know
Doctor's care
Nursing care
Both
N o professional care
Other
Not applicable
Don't know
None
Grammar 1-4
Grammar- 5 8
High 9-1 1
High
12
-
-
-
J PS
Word
Number
Information
-
F-Tape Code
page
10
Code
5
6
7
8
-
College 13-15
College-16
G r a d ~ a t e ~ ~ r o f e s s i o n-17-t
al
Don't know
-
0
1
2
11
Jewish Education
Sunday School
#
Hebrew P.M.
11
#
11
#
11
Hillel School
Hebrew High School
11
Private Tutor
#
11
Other
#
Sunday School
Hebrew P.M.
Hillel School
Hebrew High School
Private Tutor
Other
1
0
1
Year future Jewish education w i l l
begin
11
12
Kind of future Jewish education
1
Don? know
Don 't
Yean
Don't
Years
Don't
Years
Don't
Yean
Don't
Years
Don't
Years
know3
\
I
know
if more than nine years,
know
coded as nine years.
know
know
know
1
N o t graduated
Graduated
Last 2 digits of year i n which
education w i l l begin.
Not applicable
Don't know
6
99
For al l heads
4
5
Number of Jewish organizations
I f no Jewish education
I f any at a l l
Sunday School
Hebrew P.M.
Hillel School
Hebrew High School
Private Tutor
Other
2
3
Teenage organizations
-
Number of organizations, i f more
than 9, coded as 9.
-
JPS
Word
Number
Information
dame of organizations
Code
10
11
12
13
None
JYM&WA
Hadassah
Other Zionist organization ( ZOA,
Mizrachi, PW)
National Council of Jewish Women
B'nai B'rith
JWV
Temple Sisterhood, Men's Club, etc.
Other
Don't Know
Not Applicable
5
A l l coded
not applicable
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
10
xili liar^
11
lar-mitzvah, Confirmation,
ioth or Neither
ewish by birth or conversion
Birth
1
2
Conversion
Undecided
Don't Know
3
4
ieligious identification of spouse
age 1 1
F-Tape Code
0
1
Non-Jewish
Jewish by birth
Jewish by converion
lndividual i s not the head
Individual i s the head but has no spouse
Don't know
Spouse undecided
2
3
4
5
6
rn
,
.
--.
..
Number non-sectarian organizations
Number of organizations coded, i f
more than 9 coded as 9
Names of non-sectarian organizations
Veterans' orga nizat ions ( Amer. Legion,
VFW, etc. JWV excluded)
(Moose, Knights of Pythias, Elks, etc.)
Service organizations (Rotary, Kiwanis,
Lions, etc.)
YMCA or YWCA
NAACP
RAUN (Rochester Assoc for the
United Nations)
None
Don 't know
N o t applicable
.
JPS
Word
Number
lnformat ion
Sex of head
-
F-Tape Code
page
12
Code
1
2
Male
Female
0
No
Yes
Holiday Temple Attendance:
Rosh Hashonah
Yom Kippur
Succoth
Shevuoth
Passover
A l l Holidays
Other
Don't know
1
Insurance Coverage:
Blue Cross
Blue Shield
Major Medical
Other health & accident
Social Security
Other retirement plan or annuity
Don 't know
Weight
0
1
No
Yes
w=1
for a l l directory sample households
w = l/l
far all main sample households where
L is the sampling rate: thus for households sampled at a 10% rate, L=. 1
and w = 10. In ca!culatIng nvemges
from this sample, i t i s proper to employ
the weights as follows:
JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF ROCHESTER
JEWISH POPULATION STUDY
- 1961
TAPE CODES
P
Word
Number
- Tape
Code
Informat ion
Interview number
Relation to Head
I
Head, i f male
Head, if female
Wife
Son
Daughter
Father
Mother
Father-in-law
Mother-in-law
Son-in-law
Daughter-in-law
Brother
Sister
Other relatives male
Other relatives female
Roomer male
Roomer female
Other male
Other female
-
-
Current location of individual
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Armed Forces
School
Hospital (any type)
Business trip
Vacation
Other
N o t Applicable
Don't Know
Marital status
1
2
3
4
5
6
Married
Widowed
Divorced
Separated
Never married
Don't know
111
JPS
Word
Number
Country of parents' birth
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
New York State
U .So outside New York State
Canada
Don't know
U. S.
Foreign country
N o t applicable
Don't know
1 and 2
2 and 4
1 and 4
3 and 4
Years i n U. S o
Years i n Rochester area
Previous State or Country
1
2
3
4
5
6
-
If "4", see attached l i s t
1
2
3
of "big" cities.
4
N e w York State
U. S. outside N e w York State
Canada
Don't know
Not applicable
6
7
Farm
Small town
Medium c i t y
Big city
Other
Not applicable
Don't know
MiIitary Service
1
2
3
4
Yes
No
N o t applicable
Don't know
Present Occupation
1
2
3
4
Working for pay or profit
Keeping house
Going to school
In armed forces
Unemployed
Retired
Other
Not applicable
Don't know
Size of city
5
-
~
page 2
Code
lnforrnat ion
State or country of birth
- P-Tape Code
-
5
6
7
8
9
,
JPS
Word
Number
14
Information
Kind of work
jee attached list of occupational
classifications.
-
P-Tape Code
Page
3
Code
Professional & semi -professional
Businessman, manager, self -employed
artisan
Self -employed businessman
Managers and officials (not selfemployed and not farm)
Farm managers
Self-employed artisans and craftsmen,
free-lance, no employees
Working for privately held corporation
of which he i s owner
Clerical, sales clerks, attendants'
Buyers, agents and brokers
Skilled or semi -skilled workers
Ski lled workers craftsmen, foremen
Semi-skilled workers operatives,
machine operators
Unskilled workers laborers, not farm
Unskilled workers farm laborers
Service workers domestics (private
family)
Service worken other than domestics
(not private family)
Protective service workers
Member of armed forces (officers considered managers & officials, or
-
-
-
-
-
Unemployed regular occupation not
signified
Unemployed professional or semiprofessional
Unemployed proprietors, managers,
officials (including farm managen)
Unemployed clerical, sales
Unemployed skilled, semi-skilled
Unemployed unskilled, service workers
Unemployed protective service
Unemployed farmer
Retired former occupation unknown
Retired professional or semi -professional
Retired self-employed, business,
managers, officials
Retired,- clerical, sales clerks, attendants
buyers, agents and brokers
Retired,- skilled & semi-skilled
Retired unskilled, service workers
Retired protective service, armed forces
Retired farm operator
Student
Student with part-time employment
-
-
-
-
-
JPS
Word
Number
-
page 4
P-Tape Code
Code
lnformation
12
)3
14
I
!
For whom working
3
i
Industrial employment group classificatior
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
10
II
Housewife
Occupation not ascertained (Don't know)
Not applicable
For himself
For someone else
Not applicable
Don't 'know
Construction
Manufacturing
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, real estate
Business, repair, personal services
Entertainment and recreational services
Medical, legal, welfare, related services
Other
Not applicable
Don't know
*
Reason for retirement or unemployment
1
2
3
4
5
5
7
1
2
How long ill
3
4
5
6
Under doctor's care, at home, etc
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Last year of school
0
1
2
3
4
5
9
8
Ill health
Age
Both
*
Age, but now ill
Other
Not applicable
Don't know
Less than 1 month
More than 1 month, but less than 6
More than 6 months, but less than 1 year
More than 1 year
Notapplicable
Don't know
Doctor's care
Nursing care
Both
No professional care
Other
Not applicable
Don't know
None
Grammar
1-4
Grammar
5-8
9-1 1
High
High
12
College
13-15
oll ge
16
Im$uate,professional
Don't know
-
-
-
-
-
17+
JPS
Word
Number
lnformat ion
Sunday School
23
Hebrew P.Me
24
H i l l e l School
0
1
2
11
#
11
#
11
#
11
#
Sunday School
Hebrew P.M.
Hillel School
Hebrew H.S.
Private Tutor
Other
Not graduated
Gradaated
Last 2 digits of year i n which education
w i l l begin
11
Not applicable
12
Don't know
Future Jewish education
r
----
Teen-age organizations
If more than 9,
coded as 9.
Ywrs
0
1
11
Other
If any at a l l
Don 't know
Don't know
Years
Don't know
Years
Don't know
#
#
Future Jewish education
page 5
If no Jewish education
Don't know
Years
Don't know
Years
Don't know
Years
11
Private tutor
27
P-Tape Code
Code
Jewish education
22
-
- type
1
2
3
4
5
6
Sunday School
Hebrew P.M.
Hillel School
Hebrew H.S,
Private tutor
Other
N o organization
Don 't know
N o t applicable
Jewish fratemity or sorority
Non-Jewish fratemity or sorority
Boy Scouts, G i r l Scouts
Temple youth group
J Y M & WA
YM-YWCA
Other (only)
1 and 3
1 and 4
1 and 5
3 and 4
3 and 5
3 and 7
4 and 5
JPS
Word
Number
-
P-Tape Code
page
6
Code
28
29
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
41
42
43
44
51
52
4 and 6
5 and 7
1 and 2 and 5
1 and 3 and 5
1 and 4 and 5
1 and 3 and 7
1 and 5 and 7
3 and 4 and 5
3 and 5 and 7
3 and 6 and 7
land3and4and5
1 and 3 and 4 and 6
1 and 4 and 5 and 6
3 and 4 and 5 and 7
1 and 2 and 3 and 4 and 5
1 and 3 and 4 and 5 and 6
Number of Jewish organizations
# of organizations indicated.
coded as 9.
Jewish organizations
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
Bar-mitzvah, Confirmation
1
2
3
4
5
6
Jewish by birth or conversion
1
2
3
4
If more than 9,
None
JYM & WA
Hadassah
Other Zionist organization (ZOA, Mizrachi,
Pioneer Women)
Nat 'I Council of Jewish Women
B'nai B'rith
JWV
Temple Sisterhood, men's club, etc.
Other
Don't know
Not applicable
.
Bar- or bas-mitzvah
Confirmation
Both
Neither
Don't know
Not applicable
Birth
Conversion
Undecided
Don't know
,
,
JPS
Word
Number
page
7
Code
Information
Religious identification of spouse
- P-Tape
- Code
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Spouse non-Jewish
Spouse Jewish by birth
Spouse Jewish by conversion
Individual i s not the head
Individual i s the head, but has no spouse
Don't know
Spouse undecided
Number of non-sectarian organizations
# of organizations indicated. If more than 9,
coded as 9.
Names of non-sectarian organizations
01
12
Veterans organizations ( Amer.Legion,
excludes JWV)
VFW, etc.
(Elks, Moose, Knights of Pythias, etc.)
Service organizations (Rotary, Kiwanis,
Lions, etc.)
YMCA or YWCA
C i v k Music Association
NAACP
RAUN (Rochester Assoc. for the United
Nations)
None
Other
Don't know
Not applicable
Sex
1
2
Male
Female
Area of residence
Number of years married
See Code Su~plementB
Type of wedding ceremony
1
2
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
00
10
11
3
4
5
Previous area of residence
Previous home
--
- type of housing
Previous home
- own or rent
Civil
Religious
Both
Don't know
Not applicable
1
2
3
4
-
-
1
2
3
4
One family
Two family
More than two family
Other
Own
Rent
Other
Don't know
117
JPS
Word
Number
58
lnformation
-
-
-
-
-
-
Reason for moving to present nsighborhooi 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11
Own or rent home
1
2
3
4
Expect to move
0
1
Expect to buy or rent
None
Jewish neighborhood
Convenience of location
Relatives of friends li\iing in area
Characteristics of neighborhood
Price
Proximity to professional practice
or business
House
School
Suburban
Other
Own
Rent
Other
Don't know
No
Yes
0
Notapplicable
1
BUY
2
3
4
Rent
Other
Don't know
s ex~ected
Area to which move i -
nt
See Code S u ~ ~ l e m eA
Second choice of new area
See Code Supp lment A
Member of congregation
Name of congregation
page 8
Code
Number of years at mesent
address
-
59,60,61,62
- P-Tape Code
1
Yes
0
No
Reform
Conservative
Orthodox
01 B'rith Kodesh
02 Emanu-El
03 Sinai
11 Beth E l
12 Beth David
13 Beth Am
21 Beth Sholom
22 Beth Joseph
23 B'nai Israel
24 Beth Hacknesseth Hachodosh
25 Bc :h Hamedrash Hagodel
26 C m g .Agudas Nusach Ari
27 Cong. Anshei Kipel Volin
28 Cong. Anshei Polen
29 Cong. Beth Israel
JPS
Word
Number
page 9
P-Tape Code
Code
Information
30 Cong. Ein Yakove
31 Cong.Light of Israel
32 Cong. Ti~herethIsrael
40 Other
Reasons for joining or not joining
I f word 68 i s "1" :
N o response
1
Denomination
Proximity or convenience of location
2
3
Religious education program
4
Family or friends belonged
5
Social reasons
6
Preference for rabbi
7
Financial
8
Services
9
Other
0
If word 68 i s "0" :
0
N o response
1
Financial
2
3
4
5
Contributions
Not religious, not interested
Express intent to join when children older
Converted away from Judaism
Other
1
Community Chest:
2
3
1
2
UJWF
3
Temple attendance
4
Declined to answer
1
7
Not at a l I, don't go
1-2 times a year
3-1 1 times a year
Once a month
2-3timesamonth
Don't know
8
9
10
11
12
13
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
1
Yizkor (memorial services)
Yahrzeit
Daily
Sunday
2
3
4
5
6
Number of times attend Friday
night services
Number of times attend Saturday
Attend services regularly on any
other day
Yes
No
Don't know
Yes
No
Don't know
2
3
4
14
15
16
17
18
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
JPS
Word
Number
-
P-Tape Code
Code
lnformat ion
i
'
I
Other
Don'tknow
Yes, but don't know day
Not applicable
1,2,3,
and 4
-
I
Seder
!
Light Hanukah candles
I
I
!
3
Light Friday Night candles
I
?
3
t
Use separate dishes
-
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
No
Own home
Elsewhere
1 and 2
Yes
No
Don't know
Always
Sometimes
Never
Don't know
Always
sometimes
Never
Don't know
4
Always
Sometimes
Never
Don't know
Eat non-Kosher food outside home
1
2
3
4
5
Always
Sometimes
Never
Not applicable
Don't know
Mezuzahs on a lI, some or no doors
1
2
4
All
Some or one
None
Don't know
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A l l of them
Most
Half
Few
None
Don't eat out
Don't know
Buy meats at a Kosher butcher
3
Par tion of meals eaten i n non-Jewish
homes
Page 10
JPS
Word
Number
1
A
I
2
3
4
5
5
7
Family intermarriage
P-Tape Code
Page 1 1
Code
lnformat ion
Portion of non-Jewish guests
i n home
-
1
2
3
4
5
5
Allofthem
Most
Half
Few
None
Don't have guests
Don'tknow
No
Child
Parent
Brother or sister
Other
Don't know
--
Religious group self-identification
by head
Meaning of religious group
identification
1
2
3
4
5
Orthodox
Conservative
Reform
None of these
Don't know
3
1
2
3
4
5
5
N o reason
Practices
Upbringing
Ideology
Movement from Orthodoxy
Convenience
Other
If worc! 93 I s "4" :
0
1
2
3
Recognition of functions of
social service agencies:
0
J Y M & WA
2
3
(List of correct definitions attached)
1
4
5
6
7
N o reason
Lack of interest or conviction
Conversion from Judaism
Other
N o response
Indicates awareness of major functions
and/or purpose of agency
Generalized, but correct answer
Aware of some function(s) or phase of
operation without implying knowledge of
basic agency purpose
Incorrect answer
Ambiguous or doubtful response
(For JYM&WA only) identified only
with children's or youth activities
(For Jewish Home only) Mentions the
rehabilitative program
121
-
J PS
Word
Number
lnformation
page 12
P-Tape Code
Code
Feeling about Jewish and/or nonsectarian sponsorship of service
agencies
0
1
2
3
Persons not covered by insurance
plans in words 120-126 of F-Tape
Code number of persons indicated
0
None or don It know
Country Club membership
0
1
2
3
No
lrondequoit Country Club
Midvale Country Club
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
Under $2,000
2,000-2,999
3,000-3,999
4,000-4,999
5,000-5,999
6,000-6,999
7,000 - 9,999
10,000
14,999
15,000 24,999
25,000 and over
Don't know, refused, or no response
-
--
-
-
Income bracket
No opinion
Jewish
Non-sectarian
Mentions need for both
11
-
BLANK
Total number i n household,
including non-Jews
Coded numerically
Number in household age 0-4
I1
11
I1
" 5-19
I1
I1
II
20 & over
Coded numerically
I1
11
I1
II
-
---
Sample Code
0
1
2
Weight
w = 1 for
-
--
-
Original Sample
City Directory
Suburban Directory
a l l directory sample households
w = 1/L for a l l main sample households where
L i s the sampling rate: thus for households sampled at a 10% rate, L = . l
and w = 10. In calculating averages
from this sample, it i s proper to employ
the weights as follows:
-
z
Yi Wi
Y =
Z wi
CODE
SUPPLEMENT
A
Geographic Area Code Key
Refers t o area of present residence (on page 1 of questionnaire) , Questions F8, F14B, F l K , and the
following words on the IBM tapes: F-Tape: 2,5,16,17;
P-Tape: 52,55,66,67.
Area
Boundaries
Code
West Side
Entire west side of city from Genesee River t o C i t y Line
01
St. Paul
west: Genesee River
east: Clinton Ave. N o
02
.
west: Clinton Ave. N
south: Cumberland St.
east: North St.& Portland Ave.
north: C i t y Line
North Central
.,
Downtown
west: Portland Ave.
east: Winton Rd N
. .
Monroe-Park-Harvard
and Southeast Section
.,
.,
04
south: N .Y .Central Railroad
north: C i t y Line
05
west: Genesee River
south: Rochester-Brighton Town
Norris Dr., Cobbs H i l l Dr.;
Line Rd,;
east: Winton Rd.N.,
and the
north & northeast: edge of #4 above, Main St,E.,
N.Y .Central Railroad
Group
I
Winton-Browncroft
I
06
16
west: Cobbs H i l l Dr., Norris Dr., Winton Rd. N
south, a ~ t i,i ~ l t h : C i t y Line
-
-
I
.;
-
-
-
1
07
lrondequoit
08
Brighton
09
Pittsford
10
Henrietta
11
Other towns i n the
Rochester area
Question F8 only
Question F 14B
,
03
I
Cumberland St
North S t
Main St .E., Alexander St.,
S .Union St., Court St., South Ave. (includes census tracts
5, 9, 28, 44, 45, 90)
Northeast
1600 East Ave
south: Cumberland St.
north: C i t y Line
-
Penfield, Webster, Spencerport, Fclirport, Greece, etc
other town i n Monroe County
- if response i s "lived here always" or "no other address",
where response i s "undecided"
Questions F8 and F14B
-
or "no particular area",
. - any
etc.
etc.
where town names i s entirely out of Rochester area (outside
Monroe County)
12
13
14
15
--
CODE SUPPLEMENT B
Code
Number of Years
0 - 4
5 - 9
10 14
15
19
20 24
25 29
30 34
35 39
40 44
45 49
50 54
55 59
60 64
65 69
70 74
75 79
80 84
85 89
90 94
95 99
Don't know
-
-
-
-
-
21
Not applicable
CODE SUPPLEMENT C
CLASS IF ICAT ION OF OCCUPATIONS BY MAJOR CATEGORY
Professional, and Semi -Professional
.
Actors, dancers, showmen, athletics, etc
Architects, artists and art teachers
Authors, editors, reporters
Aviators
Chemists, assayers, metallurgists
Clergymen
College ~residents,professors, instructors
Dentists
Engineers, surveyors
Lawyers, judges
Musicians, music teachers
Osteopaths
Pharmacists
Physicians, surgeons
Social, welfare, religious workers
Teachers ( incl .county agents, farm demonstrators)
Trained nurses, student nurses
Veterinarians
Librarians
Designers, draftsmen
CPA accountants
"Clerks" i n stores
Collectors, b i l l & account
Hucksters & peddlers
Insurance agents & brokers
M a i l carriers
Messengers
Office machine operators
Newsboys
Real estate agents
Salesmen , sal eswomen
Telegraph, telephone workers
Travel ling salesmen, sales agents
Operatives
Apprentices
Brakemen, swi tchmen, crossing watchmen
Chauffeurs, truck drivers, delivery men
Dressmaken, seamstresses
Laundry workers, laundresses, not private family
Mine operatives, laborers
Others
Domestic Service Workers
Managers & Officials except farm
Conductors, rail road
Postmasters, gov't. & officials
Housekeepers, servants (private family)
Laundresses (private fami ly)
Protective Service Workers
Clerical and Sales Workers
Agents
Att'ts & ass'ts, library
Att'ts, f i l l i n g stn., ~ a r k i n glot, garage, airport
A t t Its, ~hysicians'and dentists' offices
Baggage men, railroad mai lclerks
Bookkeepers, accountants (except C PA)
Building managers, superintendents
Buyers & dept heads, store
Cashiers, ticket agents
Canvassers, sol icitors
Clerical and kindred workers
.
,
Firemen, fire department
Guards, watchmen
Pol icemen, sheriffs, marshals
Soldiers, sailors, marines, coast-guard
Service Workers, other
Attendants, ushers
Barbers, beauticians, manicurists
Boardinghouse, lodginghouse keepers
Charwomen, janitors, porters
Cooks, except private family
Waiters, bartenders

Report - Berman Jewish DataBank

Transcription

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