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Outline
Who is behind Deveo?
Introduction to Version Control Systems
Basics of Git
Demo
Exercises
Who is behind Deveo?
Eficode in brief
Founded in 2005, privately owned
80 employees
Offices in Helsinki, Beijing, and Copenhagen
ISO 9001:2008 certified management system
AAA-credit rating
How to manage source code?
Why Version Control (VCS)?
VCS manages changes to documents,
source code, etc. – time machine
VCS allows a group of people to
simultaneously collaborate on the
same files - feedback
VCS may act as a disaster recovery
strategy - backup
Centralized VS Distributed
Central repository on a server
Send/receive changes from the central server
Single point of failure
Every developer has own mirror of repository
Send/receive changes to own repository
Continue working offline and share changes later
Git is a Distributed VCS with an
emphasis on speed - fast
Speed
Simple design
Network independent
Strong support for non-linear development
Fully distributed
Efficiently handles large projects
Open source
Git VS “other systems”
Version 1
file A
Version 2
1
file B
Version 3
2
1
Snapshots – not Differences
Version 1
Version 2
Version 3
file A
file A2
file A3
file B
file B
file B1
snapshot
Nearly every Git operation is local
Git guarantees data integrity
74262eab53b5f3ee4d578e484436e1ca72c57625
working
directory
staging
area
git
repository
The three local states of Git
checkout the sources
stage files
commit
Installing and configuring Git
http://progit.org/book/ch1-4.html
$ git config --global user.name "Tair Assimov"
$ git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
Browse
status
log
diff
Create
init
clone
Modify
vim
mate
Basic
workflow
Save
commit
Stage
add
reset
Sync
push
pull
Basic Workflow: Initializing
$ git init
$ touch README
$ git add README
$ git commit -m 'initial project version'
Basic Workflow: Cloning
$ git clone https://emea.deveo.com/eficode/git/project
$ git clone [email protected]:eficode/git/project
$ git clone /var/db/eficode/git/project
Browse
status
log
diff
Create
init
clone
Modify
vim
mate
Basic
workflow
Save
commit
Stage
add
reset
Sync
push
pull
Basic Workflow: Modify
$ mate hello_git.rb
$ echo "A Hello Git program" >> README
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
class HelloGit def initialize(git = '/usr/bin/git')
@git = git
end
def to_s
"Hello, from #{%x[#{@git} --version]}!"
end end
hello = HelloGit.new
puts hello.to_s
working
directory
staging
area
git
repository
Browse
status
log
diff
Create
init
clone
Modify
vim
mate
Basic
workflow
Save
commit
Stage
add
reset
Sync
push
pull
Basic Workflow: Browse
$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes not staged for commit:
#
#
modified:
README
#
# Untracked files:
#
#
hello_git.rb
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
Browse
status
log
diff
Create
init
clone
Modify
vim
mate
Basic
workflow
Save
commit
Stage
add
reset
Sync
push
pull
Basic Workflow: Stage
$ git add hello_git.rb
working
directory
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
#
# new file:
hello_git.rb
#
# Changes not staged for commit:
#
# modified:
README
staging
area
git
repository
Basic Workflow: Stage
$ git add .
working
directory
$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed: <- STAGED
#
# modified:
README
# new file:
hello_git.rb
staging
area
git
repository
Basic Workflow: Unstage
$ touch temp.swp
working
directory
$ git add .
$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
#
(use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
#
# new file:
temp.swp
$ git reset HEAD temp.swp
staging
area
git
repository
Browse
status
log
diff
Create
init
clone
Modify
vim
mate
Basic
workflow
Save
commit
Stage
add
reset
Sync
push
pull
Basic Workflow: Save
$ git commit
working
directory
staging
area
git
repository
[master 1bfac9e] Descriptive summary of a commit
2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100755 hello_git.rb
Hold on, what was that number?
[master 1bfac9e]
1bfac9eacb671e7916b64c5680c37264e1413ac0
$ git log
commit 1bfac9eacb671e7916b64c5680c37264e1413ac0
Author: Tair Assimov <[email protected]>
Date:
Mon Apr 23 19:22:01 2012 +0300
Descriptive summary of a commit...
Browse
status
log
diff
Create
init
clone
Modify
vim
mate
Basic
workflow
Save
commit
Stage
add
reset
Sync
push
pull
Basic Workflow: Modify and Browse
$ mate README
$ git diff
diff --git a/README b/README
index 5710088..830c0c7 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-A Hello Git program
+A Hello Git program to print out version
+of the Git binary.
working
directory
staging
area
git
repository
Browse
status
log
diff
Create
init
clone
Modify
vim
mate
Basic
workflow
Save
commit
Stage
add
reset
Sync
push
pull
Basic Workflow: Stage and Commit
$ git status
#
#
#
#
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
modified:
README
$ git commit -a -m "Update README"
[master 2b1e925] Update README
1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
working
directory
staging
area
git
repository
More Git goodies…
Ignoring files
Ignoring files == Not tracking with Git
Ignore temporary files, sensitive files
Create .gitignore file in the root of the project
Standard blob patterns work
Ignoring files
$ cat .gitignore
# this is a comment
*~
# ignore all files that end with tilde
*.swp
# ignore all files with .swp extension
!t.swp
# but track t.swp
/tmp
# ignore /tmp file or directory
doc/*.txt # ignore doc/notes.txt, but not doc/server/arch.txt
Removing files without Git
$ rm README
$ git status
# Changes not staged for commit:
#
# deleted:
README
$ git add -u
$ git status
# Changes to be committed:
#
# deleted:
README Removing files with Git
$ git rm README
$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
#
# deleted:
README
Removing files / Untracking
$ git rm --cached README
$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
#
# deleted:
README
#
# Untracked files:
#
# README
Moving files without Git
$ mv README README.txt
$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
#
# deleted:
README
#
# Untracked files:
#
# README
Moving files with Git
$ git mv README README.txt
$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
#
# renamed:
README -> README.txt
Viewing Commit History
$ git log -p
$ git log -stat
$ git log --pretty=oneline
$ git log --since=1.day
$ git log --pretty=oneline --author=Tair --since=1.week
Undoing things - Amending
$ git commit -m 'initial commit’
$ git add forgotten_file
$ git commit --amend
Undoing things - Unmodifying
$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes not staged for commit:
#
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
# modified:
hello_git.rb
$ git checkout -- hello_git.rb
Browse
status
log
diff
Create
init
clone
Modify
vim
mate
Git
remotes
Save
commit
Stage
add
reset
Sync
push
pull
VCS allows a group of people to
simultaneously collaborate on the
same files - feedback
Online project hosting
Hosting tools streamline collaborative development
Find, publish, and contribute to Open Source software
Reliable, robust and backed up
Deveo is a software development
platform, which collects information
into one, easily accessible place
Version control
Task management
Continuous Integration
Executive
Documentation
Project Manager
Testing
Communication
Developers
Demo
Cloning existing repository
$ git clone https://emea.deveo.com/.../git/repo
Cloning into repo...
remote: Counting objects: 10, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (7/7), done.
remote: Total 10 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Unpacking objects: 100% (10/10), done.
Showing remotes
$ git remote
origin
$ git remote –v
originhttps://emea.deveo.com/.../git/repo (fetch)
originhttps://emea.deveo.com/.../git/repo (push)
another [email protected]:eficode/.../git/repo
Adding remote
$ git remote add origin https://emea.deveo.com/.../git/repo
$ git remote add upstream https://emea.deveo.com/.../git/repo
Fetching and Pulling from remotes
$ git fetch another
From https://emea.deveo.com/.../git/repo
* [new branch]
$ git pull
master
-> another/master
Pushing changes to remote
$ git push origin master
Removing and renaming remotes
$ git remote rename another another_origin
$ git remote
another_origin
origin
$ git remote rm another_origin
$ git remote
origin
Branching and Merging
What is a Branch?
Branch in Git is a lightweight movable
pointer to one of the commits
master
commit 1
commit 2
commit 3
What if you create a new Branch?
$ git branch feature master
commit 1
commit 2
commit 3
feature
Where are you now?
HEAD
master
commit 1
commit 2
commit 3
feature
Switch to a branch
$ git checkout feature
$ git checkout -b feature # creates a branch and switches to it master
commit 1
commit 2
commit 3
feature
HEAD
Commit to feature branch
$ git commit -a -m "New feature. Initial commit" master
commit 1
commit 2
commit 3
commit 4
feature
HEAD
Checkout master
$ git checkout master
HEAD
commit 1
commit 2
master
commit 3
commit 4
feature
Commit to master
$ git commit -a -m "Master diverged"
HEAD
commit 1
commit 2
commit 3
master
commit 5
commit 4
feature
Getting Help
http://progit.org
[email protected]