Vamac® Ultra

IRC 2009 (June 29 – July 2), Nuremberg, Germany
Vamac® Ultra
High Viscosity AEM Polymers
With Extended Application Possibilities
Klaus Kammerer
Technical Consultant Vamac® & Viton®
DuPont Germany
Agenda
2
•Overview on Vamac® ethylene acrylic elastomer (AEM) Products
• Basic Properties of High Viscosity Grades
• Compounding
• Heat & Fluid Ageing
• Compounding Variations
• Curative Level
• Coagent Level
• Plasticiser/Filler Level
• Comparison to other Polymers, Compressive Stress Relaxation
• Exhaust Gas Condensate and Oil/Fuel Test results
• 2K Moulding
2
Vamac® Product Line
3
and Developments
Lower oil swell
Vamac® G
Vamac® GLS
(1974)
Higher viscosity
(1992)
Best Low T properties
Vamac® HVG
Vamac® Ultra LT
(2001)
(VMX-4017, 2007)
Vamac® D, DLS
(1992-2001)
Better properties,
faster cure
Vamac® GXF
(2003)
Vamac® Ultra IP
Vamac® DP
(2001)
VMX-3038
(VMX-3040, 2007-2008)
(developmental, 2009)
VMX-3110
High Viscosity Grades
Peroxide Cure
Limited Post-Cure
Best Dynamic Flex Fatigue
(Turbo Hoses)
(experimental, 2010)
Best Processing and Compression Set
Properties
3
High Viscosity Grades4
Vamac® G
16.5 MU, -30 °C
Vamac® GXF
17.5 MU, -31 °C
Vamac® GLS
18.5 MU, -24 °C
High Viscosity
Grade
ML (1+4) 100°C, Tg
Vamac® Ultra IP
29 MU, -31 °C
Vamac® VMX-3038
30 MU, -32 °C
Vamac® VMX-3110
30 MU, -25 °C
Major Features;
Best Compression
Set, Fast Cure
Best Dynamic
Fatigue Resistance;
Best Compression
Set, Fast Cure, Low
Oil swell
Low Hardness
Molded parts, Seals
& Gaskets, High
pressure hoses
High Temperature
Turbo Charger
Hoses
Molded parts with
best fluid and
lubricant resistance
Standard Grade
ML (1+4) 100°C, Tg
Main Application(s)
4
Vamac® G vs. Ultra IP5
Mixing, Rheology
Formulations
160
Vamac® G
100
Vamac® Ultra IP
150
100
140
Naugard® 445
2
2
130
Armeen® 18 D
0,5
0,5
120
Vanfre® VAM
1
1
110
Stearic Acid
1,5
1,5
100
Spheron® SOA SO N-550
60
60
90
Rhenosin® W 759
10
10
80
DIAKTM No.1
1,5
1,2
70
2
2
60
Vulcofac® ACT 55
Vamac® G
Ultra IP
B.I.T.
Comp ML
(1+4,
100°C)
Ts5,
121°C
tc90,
180°C
MH
- Shorter Carbon Black Incorporation Time (B.I.T.) better dispersion and shorter mixing
time (one-pass mix)
- Significant increase in Compound Mooney Viscosity lower tackiness of compound
sheets and feeding strips
- Increased Scorch Safety (15% longer Ts5)
- Higher MH (+10%), shorter tc 90 (-5%),
- Combination of high MH and tc90 allows for faster demolding and shorter cycle time
5
Injection Molding6
Trial Results
Compounds were injected on a vertical REP injection molding machine into large CS button
cavities.
Cure time was determined as minimum time to obtain blister-free vulcanisate & no
deformation of parts demolded.
Compound #
Cure time @ 180°C
Vamac® G
Vamac® Ultra IP
Vamac® Ultra IP
with 1.5 phr Diak® 1
with 1.5 phr
Diak® 1
with 1.2 phr Diak® 1
70-80
75-85
60-70
60-65
60-65
50-55
(seconds)
Cure time @ 190°C
(seconds)
(abt. 15% reduction)
6
O-Ring Demolding7
Trials
• Specially designed, self deflashing 120 cavity compression mold
• Cavities arranged in 2 sets of 60 to permit side by side demolding
evaluations
• O-ring cavities with high surface area to promote demolding
difficulties
• Barwell extruder to make rod pre-form
• Loading frame to position pre-form
• Air line to blow parts off mold (no physical contact)
Test Conditions:
• Mold is cleaned thoroughly before testing
• Mold pressure = 110 bars
• Mold temperature = 190°C
• Cure time = 90 seconds
• Mold is not cleaned during test
- No. of O-rings sticking to the mold is counted & reported
7
O-Ring Demolding8
Trials
O-Ring Compression Test
No. of O-rings Sticking
35
30
Vamac® G
25
Vamac® Ultra IP
20
15
10
Less mold fouling
5
0
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Number of Shots
8
Vamac® GLS vs. VMX-31109
Compression Set
Compound ingredients:
100 phr Polymer, standard Process Aid and Antioxidant level,
60 phr FEF black, 10 phr Rhenosin® W759, 2 phr Vulcofac® ACT 55, 1.75 phr DIAKTM No.1
60
Cset, ISO 815 (6mm plied), 70h@150°C
VW PV3307, 22h@150°C
50
Cset Daimler (VDA67521B), 22h@150°C
CSet in %
40
30
20
10
0
Vamac® GLS
VMX-3110
-Significant Improvement of Compression Set, especially acc. to PV3307 (VW)
Question: What happens at reduced curative level ?
9
Vamac® GLS vs. VMX-311010
Compression Set
Diamine Curative (DIAKTM No.1) Reduction
60
Cset, ISO 815 (6m m plied), 70h@150°C
50
VW PV3307, 22h@150°C
CSet in %
Cset Daim ler (VDA67521B), 22h@150°C
40
30
20
10
0
Vamac® GLS, 1.75 phr
DIAK 1
VMX-3110, 1.75 phr
DIAK 1
VMX-3110, 1.25 phr
DIAK 1
-Similar CSet resistance at ~30% Curative reduction Compound cost reduction
-Vamac® Ultra IP and VMX-3038: ~20% Curative reduction possible
10
Reduction of
Curative Level11
VMX-3110
Rubber Chem DIAKTM No.1
Vamac® GLS
1,75
1,25
1,75
MH (dNm)
17,9
14,8
13,9
tc90 (min)
6,9
5,6
6,7
75
74
77
Tensile Strength (MPa)
18,3
18,0
16,6
Elongation (%)
232
279
200
Tear Strength Die C (N/mm)
28,2
30,1
24,6
MDR 180 °C / 0.5deg / 12 min
Cure 5 min. at 180 °C, Post-Cure 4 h @ 175°C
Hardness (Sh. A, 1 sec.), 6 mm plied
- Higher Crosslink density, Shorter cure time
- Hardness reduction addition of Carbon Black Possible Savings
- Tensile Strength Improvement ~ 10%
- Elongation Improvement ~40%
- Tear Strength Improvement ~ 20%
11
Variation of
Curative Level12
Physical Properties measured at 150°C
140
120
100
80
60
Vamac® GLS
40
VMX-3110, 1.75 DIAK No.1
20
VMX-3110, 1.25 DIAK No.1
0
Tensile
Elongation
Tear Die C
-Strain-Stress properties and Tear Strength at 150°C significantly improved
Advantages in Processing (Demoulding)
Better stability of finished parts in the application itself
12
Low Temperature
13
Properties
Compound ingredients:
100 phr Polymer, standard Process Aid and Antioxidant level,
60 phr FEF black, 10 phr Rhenosin® W759, 1.75 phr DIAKTM No. 1, 2 phr Vulcofac® ACT 55
Vamac® GLS
Tg by DSC (°C)
VMX-3110
-31,2
-31,7
TR 10 (°C)
-30
-30,5
TR 70 (°C)
-13
-15,6
Slightly better low T properties for
VMX-3110, especially in retraction
temperature when further away
from Tg
Formulation to meet VW TL52293 (ACM Cam Cover Gaskets):
Vamac® Ultra IP
100
Hardness (Sh.A)
63
M100% (MPa)
2.9
Naugard® 445
2
Armeen® 18 D
0.5
Tensile Strength (MPa)
14.9
Vanfre® VAM
1.5
Elongation (%)
335
Stearic acid
1.5
CSet PV3307, 22h@150°C (%)
51
FEF N-550
50
Tg by DSC (°C)
SRF N-772
20
Rhenosin® W 759
20
Fluid Ageing in Lubrizol OS204306
DiakTM No. 1
1.5
Volume Change (%)
6
2
Weight Change (%)
2.7
Vulcofac® ACT 55
- 44
High viscosity
Vamac® grades
allow addition of
more plasticizer
Outstanding
low T flexibility
to match
requirements for
sealing materials
in contact with
low viscosity
lubricants
13
Heat Ageing 14
Vamac® G vs. Ultra IP
Compounds without plasticizer
Vamac® G
Ultra IP
Ultra IP /
low DIAKTM
No.1
Hardness change (pts)
5
1
0
M 100% Change (%)
32
13
5
Tensile Strength Change (%)
-51
-21
-40
Elongation Change (%)
-54
-20
-35
Hardness change (pts)
3
-1
-3
M 100% Change (%)
29
6
11
Tensile Strength Change (%)
-30
-21
-34
Elongation Change (%)
-40
-24
-35
Heat ageing 504 h @ 175 °C
Heat ageing 168 h @ 190 °C
- Better property retention for Vamac® Ultra IP
- Little to no Hardness and Modulus Change
- Compounds with tighter x-link density maintain properties better
14
Heat Ageing
15
Vamac® GXF vs. VMX-3038
Formulations (65 Shore A, Turbo Charger Hose)
Vamac® GXF
100
Vamac® VMX-3038
100
100
Naugard® 445
2
2
2
Stearic acid
1
1
1
Vanfre® VAM
1
1
1
Spheron® SOA N-550
45
45
45
Rhenosin® W759
2
2
2
1,25
1,25
1,25
2
2
2,5
2,5
Rubber chem Diak™ No.1
Ekaland® DOTG / C
Rhenogran® DPG 80%
Vulcofac® ACT55
2,5
1
MDR, 12 min. at 180 °C
ML (dNm)
0,34
0,65
0,7
MH (dNm)
7,5
9,1
9,2
tS 2 (min)
1,3
1,2
1,2
t50 (min)
2,16
2,19
2,26
t90 (min)
6,4
5,9
6,5
Peak rate (dNm/min)
2,4
2,7
2,6
15
Heat Ageing
16
Vamac® GXF vs. VMX-3038
Cure 10 min. at 180 °C & PC 4h / 175 °C
Vamac®
GXF
VMX-3038
VMX-3038
Hardness (shore A, 1 sec)
64
64
66
M 50% (Mpa)
1,4
1,6
1,7
Tensile Strength (Mpa)
15,8
17,4
18,4
Elongation %
484
521
477
C.Set VW PV 3307, 22 h @ 175 C after 5 s (%)
75
75
64
Hardness Change (pts)
10
5
2
M 50% Change (%)
42
3
-2
Tensile Strength (MPa)
9,3
11,9
13,2
Elongation %
232
363
388
Median of 5 samples
35
1275
2555
Average of 5 samples
59
1019
2683
Heat ageing 94 h @ 200 °C
DeMattia Cut Growth at 150 °C (5 Hz) after Heat ageing 94 h @ 200°C
- VMX-3038 has better initial properties
- VMX-3038 shows very stable Modulus and Hardness after ageing
- VMX-3038 shows better retention of properties
16
VMX-3110 - Variation of
17
Coagent Level
Other compound ingredients:
100 phr VMX-3110, standard process aid level, 60 phr FEF black, 10 phr W759, 1.75 phr DIAKTM No.1
Vulcofac® ACT 55
1 phr
2 phr
3 phr
Scorch @ 121°C, TS5 (min)
10,1
8,6
7,6
MH (dNm)
15,9
17,9
19,2
tc90 (min)
7,6
6,9
5,9
75
75
75
Tensile Strength (MPa)
18,8
18,3
17,0
Elongation %
271
232
232
Tear Die C (N/mm)
29,9
28,2
31,8
Compression set ISO 815 (6mm plied pips), 70h @ 150 °C, %
20
21
19
Compression Set PV3307 (22 h @ 150°C), %
42
39
35
CS Daimler (VDA 675216B), 22 h 150°C, 6mm plied disks,
cooled in clamps for 2h, %
25
23
21
MDR 180 °C / 0.5deg / 12 min
Cure 5 min. at 180 °C & PC 4 h @ 175°C
Hardness (Sh. A, 1 sec.), 6 mm plied
- Increase of Vulcofac® ACT 55 increases cure speed and allows shorter cure cycles
- Further improvement of CS by higher Vulcofac® ACT 55 level
17
VMX-3110 - Variation of
18
Plasticizer level
Hardness maintained by increasing Carbon Black
100 phr VMX-3110, standard process aid level, 1.75 phr DIAKTM No.1, 2 phr ACT 55
Spheron® SOA SO N-550
43
51
61
Rhenosin® W 759
0
10
20
86,7
58,1
48,2
MH (dNm)
19,4
15,4
13,6
tc90 (min)
7,44
6,84
6,9
Hardness (Sh. A, 1 sec.), 6 mm plied
70
70
71
M 100% (MPa)
7,8
6,1
5,9
Tensile Strength (MPa)
21,1
18,1
15,8
Elongation (%)
273
269
262
Tear Die C (N/mm)
22,3
25,8
26,3
15
20
28
Hardness Change (pts) after heat ageing 168h @ 175°C
-1,0
3,6
4,5
Volume Change after 504 h @ 160 in Lubrizol OS204306 (%)
11,6
6,1
0,5
Mooney ML (1+4) @ 100 °C on compound
MDR 180 °C / 0.5deg / 12 min
Cure 5 min. at 180 °C & PC 4h @ 175 °C
Compression set ISO 815 (6mm plied pips), 70h @ 150 °C
18
Vamac® Ultra IP 19
vs. ACM
Ultra IP
HT-ACM
ORIGINAL PROPERTIES
Vamac® Ultra IP
100
HT-ACM No. 12
100
Hardness (Shore A)
78
79
Naugard® 445
2
2
M50%
3
2.5
Armeen® 18D
0.5
0.5
Tb (MPa)
17.6
8.1
Stearic acid
1.5
1.5
Eb%
290
191
Vanfre® VAM
1
1
Delft Tear, Fmax (N/mm)
26.7
13.9
Spheron® SO N550
65
85
CS (168h @ 150C), 12mm buttons
19
16
Rhenosin® W 759
10
10
Resilience (ISO 4662)
43.6
19.4
Ekaland® DOTG/C
Sandpaper Abrasion (mm^3)
133
286
DIAKTM No.1
Vulcofac® ACT 55
HEAT AGING, 168h at 190°C
Hardness Change (pts)
9
12
M50% change (%)
43
59
Eb change (%)
-32
-17
Hardness Change (pts)
-2
-4
M50% change (%)
23
49
Eb (%)
177
142
Eb change (%)
-39
-26
Volume change (%)
10.3
0.2
CASTROL SLX III, AGING 504h at 160°C
2
1.2
0.6
2
Original properties:
Vamac® Ultra IP shows significant
higher Elongation (+54%), Tear
resistance (+48%) and Abrasion
resistance vs. ‘HT-ACM’ at similar CSet.
Ultra IP with best Abrasion Resistance of
all AEM grades.
After ageing:
Better hardness and modulus retention
than ‘HT ACM’.
19
Compressive Stress
20
Relaxation in Air
Acc. To ISO 3384
CSR in Air at 150°C
100
Shawbury Wallace
Test Equipment
Vamac® G (78 Sh. A)
90
Ultra IP (79 Sh. A)
Ultra IP (61 Sh. A)
Force Retention (%)
80
Cylindrical Specimen,
6 mm high, 13 mm
diameter
HT-ACM (79 Sh. A)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
Time (h)
Force Retention Ranking: Vamac® Ultra IP > Vamac® G >> HT ACM
20
CSR in Engine Oil
21
Castrol Longlife 2
Acc. To ISO 3384
OIL AGING (Castrol SLX LL III / 150°C)
100
Vamac® G (78 Sh. A)
90
Ultra IP (79 Sh. A)
Ultra IP (61 Sh. A)
80
Cylindrical Specimen,
6 mm high, 13 mm
diameter
HT-ACM (79 Sh. A)
Force Retention (%)
Shawbury Wallace
Test Equipment
70
new AEM
60
50
40
ACM
30
20
10
1 WEEK
0
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Time (h)
After one week, Vamac® Ultra IP shows more than double
force retention level vs. HT ACM at same hardness level.
21
CSR in Transmission Fluid
22
Dexron VI
Acc. To ISO 3384
OIL AGING (Dexron® VI / 150°C)
100
Shawbury Wallace
Test Equipment
Vamac® G (78 Shore A)
90
Ultra IP (79 Shore A)
Ultra IP (61 Shore A)
80
Cylindrical Specimen,
6 mm high, 13 mm
diameter
Force Retention (%)
HT-ACM (79 Shore A)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Time (h)
Ranking: Vamac® Ultra IP>Vamac® G>> HT ACM
22
Exhaust Gas 23
Condensate Tests
Compounds of Vamac® have been successfully used for many years in applications in
contact with Blow-By condensates.
New environmental regulations that have to be met with EURO V and VI will make exhaust gas
recirculation (EGR) necessary. In some areas, higher acid levels from exhaust gas
condensates (EGC) may be expected.
Some OEMs have specified their EGC.
We have tested AEM and ACM in such
Condensates, in closed Lab Autoclaves,
filled 50% with Condensates
Two sets of specimen are tested in the
autoclavs:
liquid phase & gas phase
23
EGC Contents 24
OEM #1 & OEM #2
EGR solution (pH =3.3) defined by OEM #1
MW
Concentration
Concentration
requested
requested
mg/m
mol
mmol/l
mg/l
KF
58.1
0.86
50
NaCl
58.4
4.23
247
HNO3
63.0
0.14
9
H2SO4
98.1
1.83
180
NaOH
40.00
2.81
112
EGR solution (pH =3.0) defined by OEM #2
MW
Concentration
Concentration
requested
requested
mg/m
mol
mmol/l
mg/l
CH3CO2NH4
77.1
3.56
274
NH4NO3
80.0
0.44
35
(NH4)2SO4
132.1
0.57
75
HCOOH
46.0
24.66
1135
CH3CH2COOH
74.1
10.68
791
OEM #1 EGR chemical composition: only mineral acid
OEM #2 EGR chemical composition: blend of mineral + organic acid
24
Formulations
25
& Original Properties
Application
Hose
Seal
Hose
Seal
Seal
Vamac® G
Vamac® GLS
VMX-3038
Vamac® Ultra IP
Standard ACM
Naugard® 445
2
2
2
2
2
Armeen® 18D
0.5
0.5
Vanfre® VAM
1
1
1
1
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
Polymer (100 phr each)
Stearic acid
0.5
Struktol® WB 222
2
Spheron® SO A N 550
60
40
45
40
Plasticizer
10
10
2
10
DiakTM No 1
1.25
1.5
1.25
1.2
1
2
1
2
Vulcofac® ACT 55
Rhenogran® DPG 80
1
2.5
55
2.5
Sodium Stearate
4
Hytemp® NPC 50
2
Hytemp® SR 50
4
Cure & Post-Cure
Hardness (Shore A)
66
60
64
58
51
Tensile Strength (MPa)
15.1
14.9
18.6
17.5
9.3
Elongation at Break (%)
347
293
448
407
275
25
Condensate of OEM #1
26
Temperature Variation
Vamac® G
100
80
Vamac® Ultra IP
All AEM grades show excellent
retention of properties and low
volume swell.
100 97 99 101
100 100 101100
VMX-3038
75
Standard ACM
61
60
60
ACM shows high property loss
and nearly doubled volume of
the test slabs.
40
20
9 7 8 10
0 1 1
0
-20
-3 -7
Hardness change
(points)
Tensile (%)
Elongation (%)
Volume Swell (%)
EGR liquid contact, 168 h @ 120°C
Vamac® G
% of original value
% of original value
120
EGC liquid contact, 168 h @ 90°C
Vamac® GLS
120
Vamac® GLS
100
113
105 105
100
91
101
94
90
Vamac® Ultra IP
80
VMX-3038
60
68
59
Standard ACM
40
20
106
3
3
7
3
6
7 11
0
-20
-3 -8
Hardness change
(points)
Tensile (%)
Elongation (%)
Volume Swell (%)
26
EGC of OEM #2
Liquid & Gas phase
Vamac® G
Vamac® GLS
Vamac® Ultra IP
VMX 3038
Standard ACM
% of original value
140
120
100
All AEM grades show excellent
retention of properties and low
volume swell in every
condition.
Liquid Phase, 168 h @ 90°C
105
114 112113
104 106 104
113
84
80
69
ACM shows high property loss
and volume swell when totally
immersed in the liquid phase.
59
60
40
1
0
-20
8 7 7 10
0
-3
Samples kept in the gas phase
also show significant impact
caused by the EGC even at
90°C.
-5 -7
Hardness change
(points)
Tensile (%)
Elongation (%)
% of original value
20
27
Volume Swell (%)
Gas Phase, 168 h @ 90°C
Vamac® G
120
100
Vamac® GLS
Vamac® Ultra IP
80
VMX 3038
60
Standard ACM
93
96
102 104
99
80
100 99
112
76
38
40
11 11 11
20
9
0
-20
-5 -6 -4 -6 -7
Hardness
change (points)
Tensile (%)
Elongation (%) Volume Swell (%)
27
Condensate of OEM #2
Long term exposure28
Liquid Phase, 1008 h @ 90°C
% of original value
140
123
115
120
106
106
100
Vamac® G
Vamac® GLS
ACM
80
94
72
59
60
40
20
14
0
0
-20
12
0
-7
Hardness change
(points)
Tensile (%)
Elongation (%)
Gas Phase, 1008 h @ 90°C
Fluids were exchanged weekly.
ACM with extreme volume
swell in the liquid phase, and
very high swell in the gas
phase. Significant property
loss.
120
% of original value
Vamac® with excellent
retention of properties and low
swell.
Volume Swell (%)
106
105
95
100
81
Vamac® G
80
94
74
66
Vamac® GLS
60
ACM
40
20
0
13
1
7
0
-20
-9
Hardness change
(points)
Tensile (%)
Elongation (%)
Volume Swell (%)
28
29
Oil / Fuel Blends
New test specifications include elastomer testing in Oil / Fuel blends, very often in a 90% /
10% blending ratio. Fuels comprise biofuels like Ethanol.
CSR
(SF105 W/ 10% CE85)
Vamac®
Vamac GG
Vamac®
GLS
Vamac GLS
‚HT-ACM‘
AR-12
Retained
Sealing Force
120%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Hours at RT
AEM shows advantages over ACM in Compressive Stress Relaxation
Tests in Oil / Fuel blends.
29
2K Molding
30
Direct overmolding of thermoplastic parts by elastomers is a growing area of applications.
DuPont developed a special PA66 with 35% glass fibre suitable for engine applications that
bonds to Vamac® polymers without need for a bonding promoter
Zytel® FE 270056
Tests on 2 K equipment were run in our Technical Centre.
Zytel® FE 270056/ Vamac® Ultra IP specimen
(2.5 mm/2.5mm thickness)
made with 2K technology
Engel injection press model ES 500H 200L /175 HL-2F
Vamac® Ultra based compounds were run in automatic demolding mode with cure
times of < 45 seconds
30
Summary
31
New, high viscosity AEM Ultra polymers offer significant advantages
compared to standard Vamac® grades
High compound viscosity and longer Scorch times allow for better dispersion
and may cut mixing cycle one-pass mix
Faster Cure and cleaner molding processes
Higher viscosity and faster cure allow for more compounding possibilities
Better physical properties open new opportunities
Tensile, Elongation, Tear, Heat Resistance high T, high pressure hoses (power
steering?)
Abrasion Resistance Shaft Seals
Faster cure better suitable for combinations with thermoplastic parts
Bright/Colored Compounds with better processing and properties
Good Blow-By and Exhaust Gas Condensate Resistance make standard
Vamac® and Ultra grades a good candidate for exhaust recycling loops
Blending of Ultra Grades with standard grades may be possible at variuos
ratios for optimum price/performance ratio
More polymer developments ongoing
31
Thank YOU !!!
For your attention
and if you have any questions….
www.dupontelastomers.com
[email protected]
33
The information set forth herein is furnished free of charge and is based on technical data that DuPont Performance Elastomers
believes to be reliable. It is intended for use by persons having technical skill, at their own discretion and risk. Handling precaution
information is given with the understanding that those using it will satisfy themselves that their particular conditions of use present no
health or safety hazards. Since conditions of product use and disposal are outside our control, we make no warranties, express or
implied, and assume no liability in connection with any use of this information. As with any material, evaluation of any compound
under end-use conditions prior to specification is essential. Nothing herein is to be taken as a license to operate or a recommendation
to infringe on patents. While the information presented here is accurate at the time of publication, specifications can change. Please
check www.dupontelastomers.com for the most up-to-date information.
Caution: Do not use in medical applications involving permanent implantation in the human body. For other medical applications,
discuss with your DuPont Performance Elastomers customer service representative and read Medical Caution Statement
H-69237.
Dexron® is a registered trademark of General Motors.
Vamac® is a registered trademark of DuPont and is brought to market by DuPont Performance Elastomers.
DuPont™ and Zytel® are trademarks and registered trademarks of DuPont and its affiliates.
Spheron® is a registered tradmark of Cabot Corporation.
Naugard® is a registered trademark of Uniroyal.
Armeen® is a registered trademark of Akzo Nobel.
Vanfre® is a registered trademark of R.T. Vanderbilt.
Castrol® is a registered trademark of Castrol, Ltd.
Lubrizol® is a registered trademark of Lubrizol Corporation.
Di-Cup® is a registered trademark of Hercules Powder Company.
Dexron® is a registered trademark of General Motors.
Vulcofac® is a registered trademark of Safic-Alcan.
Struktol® is a registered trademark of Schill & Seilacher.
Rhenogran® and Rhenosin® are registered trademarks of Rheinchemie.
DIAK™ is a trademark of DuPont Performance Elastomers
Copyright© 2009 DuPont Performance Elastomers L.L.C. All rights reserved.
33