Peru and the Next Machu Picchu

Global Heritage Fund
Peru and the Next Machu Picchu:
Exploring Chavín and Marcahuamachuco
October 10 - 20, 2012
Global Heritage Fund
Peru and the Next Machu Picchu:
Exploring Chavín and Marcahuamachuco
October 10 - 20, 2012
Clinging to the Andes, between the parched coastal desert and the lush expanse
of the Amazon rainforest, Peru is far more than Machu Picchu alone. For thousands of years, long before the arrival of the Inca, the region was home to more
than 20 major cultures, all of them leaving behind clues to their distinctive
identities. With more than 14,000 registered archaeological and heritage sites,
Peru has a well-deserved reputation as a veritable treasure-trove for anyone
interested in ancient cultures and archaeology.
Ancient, colonial, and modern Peru is a country with many faces. In the company of Global Heritage Fund staff, encounter some of Peru’s most remarkable
civilizations through the objects, structures, and archaeological clues that continue to be uncovered.
Pachacamac, Peru.
Trip Highlights
FEATURING:
Dr. John W. Rick
Associate Professor of Anthropology
Stanford University
John Rick is an associate professor of anthropology
at Stanford University and also serves as Curator of
Anthropology at the Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center
for the Visual Arts, Stanford University. He earned
his Ph.D. from Michigan in 1978. His interests include prehistoric archaeology and anthropology
of band-level hunter-gatherers, stone tool studies,
analytical methodology, animal domestication and
South American archaeology. Dr. Rick has been directing the excavations at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Chavín de Huántar since 1995.
Pachacamac
25 miles southeast of Lima, Pachacamac is comprised of 17 pyramids, many of
them irreversibly damaged by El Niño. After the collapse of the Huari Empire,
Pachacamac continued to grow and the Inca maintained it as a religious shrine,
allowing the Pachacamac priests to continue functioning independently of the
Inca priesthood. Among the Huari figures allowed to continue practicing was
the Pachacamac oracle, whom the Inca presumably consulted. The Inca built
five additional buildings on the site, including a temple to the sun on the main
square.
Chavín de Huántar
The Chavín civilization, which predated the Inca by about two millennia,
revolved around the site of Chavín de Huántar, its religious center. The site
contains a number of major structures, including three significant temples and
areas designated as the Circular Plaza, the Old Temple, and the New Temple.
Artifacts from Chavín de Huántar, Peru.
Overview of Chavín de Huántar, Peru. © John Rick
Chavín’s monumental granite pyramids and ceremonial plazas are linked by
colossal, carved-stone staircases and platforms. Subterranean chamber complexes, known as galleries, were built using what were very sophisticated engineering techniques in ancient times. Among the highlights is the Lanzón Gallery, with its large stone idol carved with human, jaguar, anaconda, and eagle
images.
Beginning in 2004, Global Heritage Fund initiated conservation work at this
UNESCO World Heritage Site, stabilizing primary monuments, repairing underground structures, documenting the site with high-precision instruments,
locating underground structures with non-intrusive technologies, revealing, assessing, and—when appropriate—removing post-Chavín structures to reveal
original architecture, cataloguing artifacts, and improving site interpretation
facilities. Meanwhile, the local community has been engaged through conservation and craft training, employment, tourism-entrepreneurship, and regular
consultations regarding the management of the site and its environs.
Huacas del Sol y de la Luna
The large, intricately decorated adobe structures that comprise Huacas del Sol
y de la Luna, or the Temples of the Sun and the Moon, are the remnants of the
ancient Moche capital city known by modern archaeologists as Cerro Blanco.
The colored friezes of the Moon Pyramid are particularly remarkable. The
Huacas are located two and a half miles outside the modern city of Trujillo,
near the mouth of the Moche River Valley.
Marcahuamachuco
Marcahuamachuco was a major regional center in the Andean Early Middle
Horizon period (300–700 AD). The function of the site, although not fully
clear, appears to have been as the seat of a ceremonial oracle, as well as a religious and political center. In its later stages, it was turned into a burial site. Its
influence extended to all of northern Peru and contemporary southern Ecuador.
Stella at Chavín de Huántar, Peru.
Chan Chan, Peru.
Classified as the 6th most important archaeological site of Peru, Marcahuamachuco provides deep insight into ancient cultural traditions in the Pre-Inca
northern highlands of Peru. It is a sanctuary with structures similar to those
of its contemporary, Pachacamac, which was used between the 4th and 12th
centuries AD. Today, this monumental site is considered by many to be one
of the best archaeological sites in Peru, though its remote location and the low
income of the surrounding communities have made sustainable conservation
and development difficult. Global Heritage Fund is working with the Unidad
Ejecutivo Marcahuamachuco (UEM) to prepare a program of planning, conservation, and community development to enable long-term site sustainability.
Excavation work at Chavín de Huántar, Peru.
Chan Chan
Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986, Chan Chan was the largest city in pre-Columbian South America, made entirely of mud and adobe
bricks. The city covers an area of approximately eight square-miles and had a
dense urban center of about two square-miles. It was constructed by the Chimor people, a civilization that grew out of the remnants of the Moche. What
remains of the city is severely threatened by El Niño, which causes heavy rains
and flooding on the Peruvian coast, and by earthquakes and looters.
El Brujo
El Brujo is an ancient monument of the Moche people. Huaca El Brujo and
Huaca Cao Viejo, the two sacred sites, were built by the Moche sometime
between the 1st and 7th centuries AD. The site is best known for the colorful
reliefs and mural paintings at Huaca Cao Viejo, and as the place where the
earliest physical evidence of the existence of the Quingnam and Pescadora
languages was discovered.
Local arts and crafts at Chavín de Huántar, Peru.
Machu Picchu, Peru.
Sipán
A Moche burial site discovered completely untouched by looters, the tomb
of the Lord of Sipán is considered one of the most important archaeological
discoveries of the past three decades. The tomb, which dates to around 100 AD
and was discovered by Walter Alva and his wife Susana Meneses, contained
exquisite Moche jewelry, masks, and art, as well as hundreds of clay pots. The
pots, each sculpted with an individual face, are believed to be offerings made
by the leader’s subjects.
Túcume
The site of 26 significant pyramids and mounds spread out over 540 acres,
Túcume was a major population center for a series of civilizations: the Lambayeque, Chimú, and Inca, together spanning the period from 800 to 1532 AD.
Today, the area is called “purgatorio” by local people, and shamans continue to
invoke Túcume in their rituals.
Machu Picchu
“The Lost City of the Incas,” Machu Picchu is the best-known Inca site of the modern world and an architectural and cultural marvel. Most
archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was built around 1400 AD as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti (1438–1472 AD). A century
later, at the time of the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, Machu Picchu was abandoned as an official site for the Inca rulers. Although
known locally to the Quechua communities living nearby, it remained unknown to the outside world until the American historian Hiram
Bingham, through an accidental discovery, brought it to international attention in 1911. Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983,
Machu Picchu remains one of the most captivating sights in the Western hemisphere.
Global Heritage Fund
Peru and the Next Machu Picchu:
Exploring Chavín and Marcahuamachuco
October 10 - 20, 2012
Day 1- Wednesday, October 10
Lima
• Arrive in Lima City
Day 9 - Thursday, October 18
Trujillo
• Visit Chan Chan
• Overnight Lima
Country Club (no meals)
• Overnight Trujillo
Hotel Libertador (B, L, D)
Day 2 - Thursday, October 11
Lima
Day 10 - Friday, October 19
Chiclayo
• Visit Pachacamac
• Explore Trujillo
• Lima City Tour
• Visit El Brujo
• Welcome Dinner
• Farewell Dinner
• Overnight Lima
• Overnight Chiclayo
Country Club (B, L, D)
Casa Andina (B, L, D)
Day 3 - Friday, October 12
Huaraz
Day 11 - Saturday, October 20
Depart Lima
• Fly to Huaraz
• Excursion to Llanganuco Canyon
• Overnight Huaraz
El Patio Cabañas (B, L, D)
• Visit Sipán, Museo Tumbas Reales y
Túcume
• Fly Chiclayo to Lima
• Departing flights out of Lima
(B, L)
Day 4 - Saturday, October 13
Chavín de Huántar
• Explore Chavín de Huántar with GHF Staff
• Overnight Chavín
El Gran Rickay (B, L, D)
Day 5 - Sunday, October 14
Huaraz
• Return to Chavín de Huántar with GHF Staff
• Visit Chankillo
• Overnight Huaraz
El Patio Cabañas (B, L, D)
Day 6 - Monday, October 15
Trujillo
• Fly to Trujillo via Lima
• Overnight Trujillo
Hotel Libertador (B, L, D)
Day 7 - Tuesday, October 16
Huamachuco
• Visit Huacas del Sol y de la Luna
• Overnight Huamachuco
Hotel Real (B, L, D)
Day 8 - Wednesday, October 17
Marcahuamachuco
• Visit Marcahuamachuco with GHF Staff
• Overnight Huamachuco
Hotel Real (B, L, D)
Price:
8 – 9 Participants………………..…….$8,195 per person, double occupancy
10 – 11 Participants………...…………$7,595 per person, double occupancy
12 – 14 Participants…………………...$7,195 per person, double occupancy
Single Supplement: $950
*International airfare not included
Trip Extension October 20 - October 24, 2012
Day 1 - Saturday, October 20
Lima
• Overnight Lima
Country Club (B, L included on main trip)
Day 2 - Sunday, October 21
Sacred Valley
• Fly to Cuzco
• Visit Pisac Ruins and Market
• Overnight Urubamba
Sol y Luna (B, L)
Day 3 - Monday, October 22
Sacred Valley
Day 4 - Tuesday, October 23
Machu Picchu / Cuzco
• Guided Tour of Machu Picchu
• Train to Ollantaytambo
• Overnight Cuzco
Inkaterra La Casona (B, L, D)
Day 5 - Wednesday, October 24
Cuzco / Lima
• Explore Cuzco and Surrounding Ruins
• Fly to Lima
• Departing Flights out of Lima
(B, L)
• Explore Ollantaytambo
• Train to Aguas Calientes
• Overnight Aguas Calientes
Inkaterra Machu Picchu Pueblo (B, D)
Price: Please contact Geographic
Expeditions for further details.
Peru and the Next Machu Picchu:
Exploring Chavín and Marcahuamachuco
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globalheritagefund.org
Cover: El Castillo at Marcahuamachuco, Peru.
Back Cover: Temple A at Chavín de Huántar, Peru.
625 Emerson Street, Suite 200
Palo Alto, CA 94301
t 650.325.7520 f 650.325.7511
globalheritagefund.org
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