41-111 Product Catalogue 2015

Transcription

PRODUCT LINE
CATALOGUE
2015
®
Worldwide Level and Flow SolutionsSM
VISION STATEMENT
To be the customers’ preferred partner
in the global supply of level and flow control solutions
2
®
COMPANY
COMPANY
“Industry leader” is a role Magnetrol® has played for over 80 years. In fact, the history of
MAGNETROL is a story of the pioneers who built the level instrumentation industry.
We manufactured the first liquid level switch to accurately and safely detect motion of liquid
in boilers and feedwater systems and we also introduced the first pneumatic valve controller,
supporting the growth of the nuclear power industry with new standards in safety and
performance.
As our name became synonymous with rock-solid, reliable mechanical buoyancy controls, we
secured our core capabilities in electronic technologies, including RF capacitance and ultrasonic.
Most recently, we started a legacy of world-class, award-winning radar instrumentation, which
continues today with the Eclipse® Model 706 guided wave radar transmitter.
The MAGNETROL team of innovators has never looked back.
®
3
OUR PRODUCTS
OUR PRODUCTS
The majority of the devices manufactured by Magnetrol® International are designed and tailormade to the specifications and requests of our customers. Over the years a great expertise has
been gained in different fields.
Below is a list, not limitative and depending on the device type, of metals with which we have
gained experience:
• 321 stainless steel
• 304/304L stainless steel
• 316/316L stainless steel
• (Low temperature) Carbon steel and carbon steel
• Chrome Molybdenum steel
• (Super) Duplex stainless steel
• Monel
• Hastelloy
• Incolloy and Inconel types
• ….
Working with these various metals has resulted in over 130 in-house welding procedures being
established.
A similar experience has been gained with respect to possible process connections:
• ANSI flanges
• EN (DIN) flanges
• Tri-clamp connections
• Proprietary flanges enabling compatibility with existing connections
• Threaded connections such as NPT and BSP
•…
Although our standard colours are blue (up to 240 °C (464 °F)) and a grey type (temperatures
higher than 240 °C (464 °F)) we can supply nearly any colour upon customer request.
So, if you have any specific request please do not hesitate to contact us.
4
®
Measurement solids level
Measurement interface
Measurement Flow
Eclipse – Horizon™
6
•
•
•
•
Pulse Burst Radar
Pulsar RX5 - Model R82
20
•
•
Ultrasonic Contact
Echotel 9XX
24
Ultrasonic Non-Contact
Echotel® 3X5
30
•
•
Thermal Dispersion
Thermatel®
34
Electromagnetic Flow Meter
Polaris™
40
RF Capacitance
Kotron®
42
•
Magnetostrictive
Jupiter®
46
•
•
Magnetic Level Indicator
Aurora®/Vector™/Atlas™/Gemini™
48
•
•
Displacer Transmitter
Modulevel®
54
•
•
Buoyancy
Mechanicals
58
Mechanical Flow
Mechanicals
66
®
®
Density control
Guided Wave Radar
®
Detection flow
PRODUCT FAMILY
Detection interface
TECHNOLOGY
Detection liquid level
Measurement liquid level
OUR PRODUCTS
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Magnetrol® level and flow controls use state-of-the-art technology and are produced under strict
quality procedures of ISO 9001 - PED 97/23/EC. MAGNETROL quality is achieved by using fully
traceable materials, ASME IX qualified welders and the capability to work with standard as well as
exotic materials. MAGNETROL builds standard and custom equipment for all industries. The integration of SIL (Safety Integrity Level) philosophy into the basic concept design results in reliable
controls that self-test for proper operation and report any possible malfunctions. MAGNETROL is
devoted to optimizing the design of level controls for minimal cost of ownership by durability.
Full details on MAGNETROL products can be found on our website www.magnetrol.com and in
our respective sales bulletins.
®
5
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
Guided Wave Radar is based upon the technology of Time
Domain Reflectometry (TDR). TDR utilises pulses of electromagnetic energy, which are transmitted down a probe.
When a pulse reaches a liquid surface that has a higher
dielectric than the air/vapour in which it is traveling, the
pulse is reflected.
An ultra high-speed timing circuit precisely measures the
transit time and provides an accurate measurement of the
liquid level or the liquid-liquid interface.
All these devices are overfill safe due to the fact that the
reference signal is generated above the process seal.
Reference
signal
air
Upper
εr = 1
level
signal
> 50 mm
(2")
Low dielectric medium
(e.g. oil, εr = 2)
Interface
level signal
< 50 mm
(2")
High dielectric medium
(e.g. water, εr = 80)
Time
eclipse.magnetrol.com
FE T Y I
NT
01
4
C O
M
EGRITY
P
2
SA
A
N
Y
E
M E M B
R
V EL
LE
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 706
Guided wave radar
level transmitter
DESCRIPTION
Eclipse® Model 706 is an advanced two wire loop powered, 24 V DC guided wave radar transmitter with a superior signal strength to take on a broad range of challenging high pressure high
temperature applications. An extensive line of dedicated coaxial, caged coaxial, single and twin
rod probes delivers accurate and reliable level control.
The innovative dual compartment enclosure positions wiring and electronics in the same plane,
and angled to maximise ease of wiring, configuration, set-up and data display.
FEATURES
“Real Level”, measurement not affected by media variables eg. dielectrics, pressure,
density, pH, viscosity, ...
Easy bench configuration - no need for level movement.
2-wire loop powered intrinsically safe level transmitter.
360° rotatable housing can be dismantled without depressurising the vessel via
“Quick connect/disconnect” probe coupling.
Probe designs: up to +450 °C / 430 bar (+850 °F / 6250 psi).
Saturated steam applications up to 155 bar @ +345 °C (2250 psi @ +650 °F).
Cryogenic applications down to -196 °C (-320 °F).
Integral or remote electronics.
Suited for SIL 2 or SIL 3 Loops (full FMEDA report available).
Unique overfill feature.
Higher pulse amplitude and superior signal-to-noise ratio.
4-button user interface and graphical LCD display provide enhanced depth of data,
indicating on-screen waveforms and troubleshooting tips.
Can be programmed to automatically capture waveform data by time or by event occurrence.
Contains pro-active build-up diagnostics.
Potted electronics.
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Liquids or slurries; hydrocarbons to water-based media (dielectric 1.4 - 100) and solids
(dielectric 1.9 - 100). Open channel flow flumes and weirs.
VESSELS: Most process or storage vessels up to rated probe temperature and pressure.
CONDITIONS: All level measurement and control applications including process conditions exhibiting visible vapours, foam, surface agitation, bubbling or boiling, high fill/empty rates, low level
and varying dielectric media or specific gravity.
AGENCY APPROVALS
ATEX
CCOE
Ex d
Ex ia
Ex n
Ex t
•
•
•
•
•
•
CSA
FM
IEC
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Inmetro
•
•
•
•
EAC (GOST)
XP
IS
NI
•
•
•
•
•
•
Other
Metrology
SIL
SIL 2 (1oo1)
Other approvals are available, consult factory for more details
®
7
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 706
PROBE SELECTION
Coaxial GWR probes - liquides
Application/Type
Function
Overfill safe
Temperature
-40 / +65 °C (-40 / +150 °F)
-40 / +200 °C (-40 / +400 °F)
-196 / +200 °C (-320 / +400 °F)
-196 / +450 °C (-320 / +850 °F)
-50 / +300 °C (-58 / +575 °F)
saturated steam
Max pressure
70 bar (1000 psi)
88 bar (1275 psi)
431 bar (6250 psi)
Dielectrics (1)
≥ 1.4
≥ 1.7
≥4
≥ 10
Available probe length
Standard
Enlarged
Material of construction
316/316L (1.4401/1.4404)
Hastelloy® C (2.4819)
Monel® (2.4360)
PFA insulated 316/316L rod
Process seal type
Vacuum service
Viscosity cP (mPa.s)
Liquid
Clean
Film coating
Moderate build up
Strong build up
Min req. process conn.
Small
Enlarged
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
8
7yT
Level - Interface
Standard temp
Yes
7yP
Level - Interface
High pressure
Yes
7yD
Level - Interface
HTHP
Yes
7yS
Saturated steam
Steam probe
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No (2)
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
0,3 to 6,1 m (12 to 240")
15 m (50')
0,3 to 6,1 m (12 to 240")
15 m (50')
0,3 to 6,1 m (12 to 240")
15 m (50')
0,6 to 6,1 m (24 to 240")
N/A
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Teflon® TFE with Viton® o-rings (3)
Negative pressure, but no
hermetic seal
500/2000
smallenlarged
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
NoYes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Hermetic glass ceramic
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Hermetic glass ceramic, PEEK HT
Full vacuum
Full vacuum
Full vacuum
3/4"
3" (4)
500/2000
smallenlarged
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
NoYes
No
No
500/2000
smallenlarged
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
NoYes
No
No
3/4"
3" (4)
1.2 min dielectric when end of probe analysis can be enabled.
Acceptable up to 150 °C (300 °F) max with aegis o-rings.
Other o-ring materials available (Kalrez®, Aegis,...).
Outer probe ø 45 mm (1.75") (SST) or 49 mm (1.90") (exotic material) or 64 mm (2.50") (segmented).
®
2"
3" (4)
500
Yes
Yes
No
No
2"
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 706
PROBE SELECTION
Caged GWR probes - liquides
Application/Type
Function
Overfill safe
Temperature
-40 / +65 °C (-40 / +150 °F)
-40 / +200 °C (-40 / +400 °F)
-196 / +200 °C (-320 / +400 °F)
-196 / +450 °C (-320 / +850 °F)
-50 / +300 °C (-58 / +575 °F)
saturated steam
Max pressure
70 bar (1000 psi)
88 bar (1275 psi)
431 bar (6250 psi)
Dielectrics (1)
≥ 1.4
≥ 1.7
≥4
≥ 10
316/316L (1.4401/1.4404)
Monel® (2.4360)
Process seal type
Vacuum service
Liquid
Clean
Film coating
Moderate build up
Strong build up
(1)
(2)
(3)
7yG
Level - Interface
Standard temp
Yes
7yL
Level - Interface
High pressure
Yes
7yJ
Level - Interface
HTHP
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes (2)
Yes
Yes
Yes
0,3 to 6,1 m (12 to 240")
Yes (2)
Yes
Yes
Yes
0,3 to 6,1 m (12 to 240")
Yes (2)
Yes
Yes
Yes
0,3 to 6,1 m (12 to 240")
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
®
Teflon TFE with Viton® o-rings (3)
hermetic seal
10000
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Full vacuum
Full vacuum
10000
10000
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2"
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2"
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2"
When installed in the proper chamber/cage/stilling well.
®
9
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 706
PROBE SELECTION
Single rod rigid GWR probes - liquides
Application/Type
Function
Overfill safe
Temperature
-40 / +65 °C (-40 / +150 °F)
-40 / +200 °C (-40 / +400 °F)
-196 / +200 °C (-320 / +400 °F)
-196 / +450 °C (-320 / +850 °F)
-50 / +300 °C (-58 / +575 °F)
saturated steam
Max pressure
70 bar (1000 psi)
88 bar (1275 psi)
431 bar (6250 psi)
Dielectrics (1)
≥ 1.4
≥ 1.7
≥4
≥ 10
316/316L (1.4401/1.4404)
Monel® (2.4360)
Process seal type
Vacuum service
Liquid
Clean
Film coating
Moderate build up
Strong build up
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
10
7yF
Level
Standard temp
No (2)
7yM
Level
High pressure
No (2)
7yN
Level
HTHP
No (2)
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
0,6 to 6,1 m (24 to 240")
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
0,6 to 6,1 m (24 to 240")
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
0,6 to 6,1 m (24 to 240")
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Teflon® TFE with Viton® o-rings (3)
hermetic seal
10000
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Full vacuum
Full vacuum
10000
10000
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2" (4)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2" (4)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2"
Overfill capability can be achieved via software.
1" threaded connection available.
®
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 706
PROBE SELECTION
Flexible GWR probes - liquides
Application/Type
Function
Overfill safe
Temperature
-40 / +65 °C (-40 / +150 °F)
-40 / +200 °C (-40 / +400 °F)
-196 / +200 °C (-320 / +400 °F)
-196 / +450 °C (-320 / +850 °F)
-50 / +300 °C (-58 / +575 °F)
saturated steam
Max pressure
70 bar (1000 psi)
88 bar (1275 psi)
431 bar (6250 psi)
Dielectrics (1)
≥ 1.4
≥ 1.7
≥4
≥ 10
316/316L (1.4401/1.4404)
Monel® (2.4360)
Process seal type
Vacuum service
Liquid
Clean
Film coating
Moderate build up
Strong build up
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
7y1
Level
Single flexible
Standard temp
No (2)
7y3
Level
Single flexible
HP
No (2)
7y4
Level - Interface
Single flexible
Standard temp
No (2)
7y6
Level - Interface
Single flexible
HTHP
No (2)
7y7
Level - Interface
Twin flexible
Standard temp
No (2)
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes (4)
Yes
Yes
1 to 30 m (3 to 100')
No
Yes (4)
Yes
Yes
1 to 30 m (3 to 100')
Yes (3)
Yes
Yes
Yes
1 to 30 m (3 to 100')
Yes (3)
Yes
Yes
Yes
1 to 30 m (3 to 100')
No
Yes (4)
Yes
Yes
1 to 30 m (3 to 100')
Yes
No
No
No
Teflon® TFE with Viton®
o-rings (5)
hermetic seal
10000
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
10000
Yes
No
No
No
o-rings (5)
hermetic seal
10000
10000
Yes
No
No
No
o-rings (5)
hermetic seal
1500
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2"
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2"
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2"
Yes
Yes
No
No
2"
Full vacuum
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2"
Full vacuum
When installed in the proper chamber/cage/stilling well.
May increase with probe length >10 m (30').
®
11
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 706
PROBE SELECTION
Flexible GWR probes - solids
Application/Type
Function
Overfill safe
Temperature
-40 / +65 °C (-40 / +150 °F)
-40 / +200 °C (-40 / +400 °F)
-196 / +200 °C (-320 / +400 °F)
-196 / +450 °C (-320 / +850 °F)
-50 / +300 °C (-58 / +575 °F)
saturated steam
Max pressure
Dielectrics (1)
≥ 1.4
≥ 1.7
≥4
≥ 10
316/316L (1.4401/1.4404)
Monel® (2.4360)
Process seal type
Vacuum service
Liquid
Clean
Film coating
Moderate build up
Strong build up
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
12
7y2
Level
Single flexible
Standard temp
No (2)
7y5
Level
Twin flexible
Standard temp
No (2)
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
Atmos
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
Atmos
No
No
Yes
Yes
1 to 30 m (3 to 100')
No
Yes (3)
Yes
Yes
1 to 30 m (3 to 100')
Yes
No
No
No
Teflon® / PEI (4)
hermetic seal
10000
Yes
No
No
No
Teflon® / PEI (4)
hermetic seal
1500
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2" min
Yes
Yes
No
No
2" min
May increase with probe length >10 m (30').
PEI = Ultem™ 1000.
®
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 705
Guided wave radar
level transmitter
DESCRIPTION
Eclipse® 705 Transmitter is a loop-powered, 24 V DC liquid-level transmitter based on the revolutionary
Guided Wave Radar (GWR) technology. Encompassing a number of significant engineering accomplishments, this leading edge level transmitter is designed to provide measurement performance well
beyond that of many traditional technologies, as well as “through-air” radars.
The innovative enclosure is a first in the industry, orienting dual compartments (wiring and electronics) in the
same plane, and angled to maximise ease of wiring, configuration, set-up and data display.
This single transmitter can be used with all probe types and offers enhanced reliability, for use in SIL2 /
SIL 3 loops.
FEATURES
Easy bench configuration - no need for level simulation.
20-point custom strapping table for volumetric output.
360° rotatable housing can be dismantled without depressurising the vessel via
“Quick connect/disconnect” probe coupling.
2-line x 8-characters display and 3-button keypad.
Suited for SIL 3 Loops (EXIDA Certificate available).
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Liquids or slurries; hydrocarbons to water-based media (dielectric 1,4 - 100) and solids
(dielectric 1,9 - 100).
AGENCY APPROVALS
ATEX
Ex d
Ex ia
Ex n
Ex t
•
•
•
•
•
CCOE
CSA
FM
EAC (GOST)
IEC
Inmetro
Korea
•
•
•
•
XP
IS
NI
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
NEPSI
Other
Metrology
CPA
Marine
SIL
Lloyd's Register of Shipping (LRS)
SIL1/2 (1oo1)
Lloyds EN 12952-11 (water tube boilers)
Steam Drum
Lloyds EN 12953-9 (shell boilers)
TÜV
WHG § 63, overfill prevention
®
13
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 705 HEAVY DUTY
Guided wave radar probes
for heavy duty applications
DESCRIPTION
Eclipse® 705 Transmitter is a loop-powered, 24 V DC liquid-level transmitter based on the revolutionary
Guided Wave Radar (GWR) technology. Encompassing a number of significant engineering accomplishments, this leading edge level transmitter is designed to provide measurement performance well
beyond that of many traditional technologies, as well as “through-air” radars.
The innovative enclosure is a first in the industry, orienting dual compartments (wiring and electronics) in the
same plane, and angled to maximise ease of wiring, configuration, set-up and data display.
This single transmitter can be used with all probe types and offers enhanced reliability, for use in
SIL 2 / SIL 3 loops.
FEATURES
360° rotatable housing can be removed without depressurising the vessel via “Quick connect/
disconnect” probe coupling.
2-line x 8 characters display and 3-button keypad.
Suited for SIL 3 Loops (EXIDA Certificate available).
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Liquids or slurries; hydrocarbons to water-based media (dielectric 1,4 - 100), up to
10.000 cP.
AGENCY APPROVALS
ATEX
Ex d
Ex ia
Ex n
Ex t
•
•
•
•
•
CCOE
CSA
FM
EAC (GOST)
IEC
Inmetro
Korea
•
•
•
•
XP
IS
NI
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
NEPSI
Marine
SIL
SIL1/2 (1oo1)
Steam Drum
TÜV
14
®
Other
Metrology
CPA
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 705
PROBE SELECTION
Coaxial style GWR probes
Application/Type
7MR-7MM
(coax)
7MD-7ML
(coax)
7MS /7MQ
(coax)
7MT-7MN
(coax)
7MG
(single rod) (2)
Level
HTHP(1)
Steam
Level - Interface
Level - Interface
-40 / +150 °C (-40 / +300 °F)
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
-40 / +200 °C (-40 / +400 °F)
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
-196 / +425 °C (-320 / +800 °F)
No
Yes
No
No
No
Up to +300 °C (+575 °F)
No
No
Saturated steam:
7MS: < 300 °C (575 °F)
7MQ: > 300 °C (575 °F)
No
No
0 to 50 bar (0 to 750 psi)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
0 to 70 bar (0 to 1000 psi)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Function
Temperature
Pressure
0 to 155 bar (0 to 2250 psi)
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Vacuum to 430 bar (6250 psi)
No
Yes
No
No
No
Level: 1.4 or 1.7 to 100
Level: 1.4 or 1.7 to 100
Min. dielectrics
Level: 1.4 or 1.7 to 100
≥ 1.4
Yes
≥ 1.7
Yes
≥ 1.9
Yes
≥ 10
No
Interface:
No
Interface:
Interface:
No
Upper liquid: 1.4 to 5.0
Lower liquid: 15 to 100
Upper liquid: 1.4 to 5.0
4,5 m (177")
6,1 m (240")
6,1 m (240")
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Upper liquid: 1.4 or 1.7
to 5.0
Yes
6,1 m (240")
6,1 m (240")
Yes
Yes
Wetted materials
316/316L
Hastelloy C
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Monel
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
“0”ring type with various
materials
Borosilicate seal
(Full vacuum)
Dynamic steam seal with
HT PEEK / Aegis
materials
materials
Clean
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Film coating
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
®
®
Seal type
Liquid
Weak build up
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Strong build up
Use Ø 45 mm (1.75")
(7MM)
Use Ø 45 mm (1.75")
(7ML)
No
Use Ø 45 mm (1.75")
(7MN)
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Ø 22,5 (7MR) 45 (7MM) mm
(0.88 - 1.75")
Ø 22,5 (7MD) 45 (7ML) mm
(0.88 - 1.75")
Ø 22,5 mm (0.88")
Ø 22,5 (7MT) 45 (7MN) mm
(0.88 - 1.75")
Ø 13, 19 or 25 mm
(0.5, 0.75 or 1")
aggressive
Probe Ø/section
(1)
(2)
High Temperature / High Pressure (HTHP) GWR probes with multi venting holes are suitable for level and liquid-liquid interface measurement.
Caged single rod probe with the same performance as a coax set up.
®
15
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 705
PROBE SELECTION
Single and dual lead GWR probes
Application/Type
7MF-A
(single rod)
7MF-F
(single rod)
7MJ
(single rod)
7M1/7M2
(single cable)
7MB
(twin rod)
7M7/7M5
(twin flex)
Level liquids
PFA coated
HTHP
Liquids / Solids
Level - Interface
Liquids / Solids
-40 / +150 °C (-40 / +300 °F)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
-40 / +200 °C (-40 / +400 °F)
No
No
Yes
Yes (7M1 only)
Yes
Yes (7M7) ambient (7M5)
-40 / +315 °C (-40 / +600 °F)
No
No
Yes
As “X”(1)
No
No
0 to 70 bar (0 to 1000 psi)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
0 to 245 bar (0 to 3550 psi)
No
No
Yes
As “X”
No
No
≥ 1.4
No
No
No
7M1: ≥ 1.9
No
No
≥ 1.9
Yes
Yes
Yes
7M2: ≥ 4.0
Yes
Yes
≥ 10
Yes
Yes
Yes
Function
Temperature
Pressure
(1)
Min. dielectrics
Yes
Yes
6,1 m (240")
22 m (72.18')
6,1 m (240")
6,1 m (240")
6,1 m (240")
22 m (72.18')
316/316L
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes - FEP insul.
Hastelloy C
No
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Monel®
No
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Wetted materials
®
Seal type
“0”ring type with Viton /EPDM/Kalrez 4079/PEEK materials (not for use with ammonia, use only 7MD)
®
®
Liquid
Clean
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Film coating
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Weak build up
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Strong build up
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
aggressive
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Ø 13 mm (0.5")
Ø 16 mm (0,6")
Ø 13 mm (0.5")
Ø 5 mm (0.2")
2 x Ø 13 mm (0.5")
2 x Ø 6 mm (0.2")
Probe Ø/section
Remote transmitter head
available as an option
(1)
As “X” = optionally available.
16
®
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
ECLIPSE® 705 HYGIENIC
Guided wave radar
level transmitter
for hygienic use
DESCRIPTION
Eclipse® 705 Transmitter is a loop-powered, 24 V DC liquid-level transmitter based on the revolutionary Guided Wave Radar (GWR) technology. Encompassing a number of significant engineering accomplishments, this leading edge level transmitter is designed to provide measurement
performance well beyond that of many traditional technologies, including “through-air” radar.
Typical for these devices is that the probe can be bended (upon request) to follow the shape of
the vessel. This way mixing blades can be avoided and measurement can be
carried out to the last drop present.
ECLIPSE 705 offers enhanced reliability, as demonstrated by a Safe Failure Fraction of 91 %.
FEATURES
Housing can be removed without depressurising the vessel.
Suitable design for CIP/SIP cleaning.
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: From non-conductive liquids up to water-based media (dielectric 1,9 - 100).
VESSELS: Most process or storage vessels.
AGENCY APPROVALS
Ex d
FEBRUARY 2003
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Metrology
SIL
SIL1/2 (1oo1)
Hygienic Machinery Directive 98/37/EC annex 1, section 2,1
TNO
EN 1672 part 2, Hygienic requirements
EHEDG doc. 2 (second edit. March 2000) and doc. 8 (July 1993)
®
17
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
HORIZON™ 704
Guided wave radar
level transmitter
DESCRIPTION
Horizon™ 704 is a loop-powered, 24 V DC liquid-level transmitter based on the revolutionary
Guided Wave Radar (GWR) technology. The electronics of the HORIZON 704 is integral mount
on the GWR probe and allows local configuration via a 3-button keypad / display. HORIZON 704
electronics are compatible with different types of GWR probes each encompassing different application challenges (coaxial or twin rod types). The aluminium or Lexan® housing can be removed
for service under process conditions.
FEATURES
“Real Level”, measurement not affected by changing media variables eg. dielectrics, pressure,
2-line x 8 characters display / 3-button keypad or blind transmitter.
Housing can be easily removed without depressurising the vessel.
HART®/AMS® digital communication.
Max process temperature: +205 °C (+400 °F).
Max process pressure: 70 bar (1000 psi).
4-20 mA output (meets NAMUR NE 43).
Integral mount electronics.
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Liquids or slurries; hydrocarbons to water-based media (dielectric 1,7 - 100).
CONDITIONS: All level measurement and control applications including process conditions
exhibiting visible vapours, foam, coating / build up, surface agitation, turbulence and varying
dielectric media or specific gravity.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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CSA
FM
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•
•
•
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18
®
Other
GUIDED WAVE RADAR
®
19
PULSE BURST RADAR
Pulse Burst Radar emits short bursts of energy to a liquid
surface. An ultra-high-speed timing circuitry measures the
time of the signal reflected off the liquid surface.
Sophisticated signal processing filters out false reflections and other background noises. The exact level is then
calculated, by factoring tank height and sensor offset information. The circuitry is extremely energy efficient so no
duty cycling is needed like with likewise radars. This allows
to track high rates of level changes up to 4,5 m/minute
(180"/min).
initial
pulse
reflected
pulse
air
εr = 1
liquid
distance
FE T Y I
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SA
=C
T
(speed
of light)
x
(transit
2
time)
εr > 1,7
EGRITY
V EL
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PULSE BURST RADAR
PULSAR® RX5
Pulse burst radar level
transmitter
DESCRIPTION
Pulsar® Radar transmitter is the latest generation of loop-powered, 24 V DC, level transmitters. It
has low power consumption, fast response time and is easy to use.
PULSAR is designed to provide unparalleled performance and ease of use. PULSAR non-contact
radar is the perfect complement to the Magnetrol® Eclipse® Guided Wave Radar. These transmitters offer the ultimate solution to the vast majority of process level applications.
FEATURES
6 GHz operating frequency offers superior performance in the tougher applications of
turbulence, foam, and heavy vapours.
360° rotatable housing can be dismantled without depressurising the vessel via “Quick
connect/disconnect” probe coupling.
2 antenna styles up to +200 °C / 51,7 bar (+400 °F / 750 psi):
- horn antenna: 3", 4" and 6"
- dielectric rod antenna: PP and TFE.
Measuring range up to 20 m.
False target setup is simple, intuitive and effective.
Will reliably track extremely rapid rate of change up to 4,5 m (180") / minute.
Suited for SIL 1 and SIL 2 loops (full FMEDA report available).
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Liquids or slurries; hydrocarbons to water-based media (dielectric 1,7 - 100).
VESSELS: Most process or storage vessels up to rated probe temperature and pressure. Pits
and non metallic tanks.
CONDITIONS: Virtually all level measurement and control applications including process conditions exhibiting visible vapours, some foam, surface agitation, bubbling or boiling, high fill/empty
rates, low level and varying dielectric media or specific gravity.
AGENCY APPROVALS
ATEX
Ex d
Ex ia
•
•
CSA
FM
EAC (GOST)
IEC
•
Ex n
Ex t
XP
IS
NI
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Other
Metrology
Marine
SIL
SIL 1 (1oo1)
®
21
PULSE BURST RADAR
MODEL R82
Non-contact radar level
transmitter for level,
volume and open channel flow
applications
DESCRIPTION
Model R82 is an economical, loop powered radar transmitter bringing radar to everyday applications. Ultrasonic devices, frequently used in daily applications, can now be replaced using radar
technology with its superior performance.
The electronics are housed in a single compartment cast aluminium or Lexan® housing. R82
measures effectively even when atmospheres above the liquid are saturated with vapour. Pulse
Burst technology and advanced signal processing manage common disturbances such as false
echoes caused by obstructions, multi-path reflections from tank sidewalls or turbulence caused
by agitators, aggressive chemicals, or aerators.
FEATURES
2-wire loop powered intrinsically safe transmitter.
26 GHz frequency.
Fast and easy configuration via 2-line x 16 characters display and 4-button keypad.
Intuitive false target profiling.
Rotatable microwave beam for optimised operation.
Encapsulated PP or Tefzel® antennas in lengths of 50 mm (2") and 200 mm (8").
Process
temperature: -40 °C to +93 °C (-40 °F to +200 °F)
pressure: vacuum to 13,8 bar (200 psi)
dielectric: 1,7 – 100.
Suited for SIL 1 loops (full FMEDA report available).
APPLICATIONS
Open channel flow flumes and weirs.
Paint, ink and solvent tanks.
Chemical storage.
Thick and viscous media.
Batch and day tanks.
AGENCY APPROVALS
Ex d
Ex ia
ATEX
•
CCOE
•
cFMus
EAC (GOST)
•
IEC
•
Inmetro
•
Ex n
Ex t
XP
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NI
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•
SIL
SIL 1 (1oo1)
22
®
Other
Metrology
PULSE BURST RADAR
®
23
ULTRASONIC CONTACT
Echotel® ultrasonic contact operates on a two crystal
pulsed or “transmit-receive” principle which applies a high
frequency electronic burst to the transmit crystal. The
signal is then converted into ultrasonic energy and transmitted across the sensing gap towards the receiver crystal.
When there is air in the gap, the high frequency ultrasonic
energy will be attenuated, thereby not allowing the energy
to be received. When there is liquid in the gap, the ultrasonic energy will propagate across the gap and the current
shift or relay output will indicate a reception of the signal.
air/gas
dry gap
echotel.magnetrol.com
FE T Y I
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liquid
wet gap
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ULTRASONIC CONTACT
ECHOTEL® 961/962
Ultrasonic level switch
DESCRIPTION
Echotel® 961/962 series are used to detect high or low level alarm(s) in a broad range of viscous
to light liquids. Pulsed signal technology provides superior performance in applications suffering
from foam, aeration, heavy turbulence and suspensions containing solids.
ECHOTEL 961 has a tip sensitive setpoint and is ideally used as high or low level alarm.
ECHOTEL 962 offers 2 setpoints on the same transducer, a tip sensitive setpoint and a second
setpoint via a flow-through upper gap. The unit is used for level alarm or to control a pump in an
auto fill/empty mode.
ECHOTEL 961/962 is equipped with advanced diagnostics that continuously check the transducer and electronics. The diagnostics also alarm for electrical noise interference from external
sources.
FEATURES
No calibration required.
2-wire loop powered with mA output or AC/DC line powered with integrated relay(s).
Continuous selftest with selectable error output.
LED identification for:
- process alarm
- error of transducer, electronics or electrical noise interference
- wet/dry status of transducer.
Push buttons for manual testing of alarm and error signals.
Adjustable time delay up to 45 s.
Process temperature from -80 °C to +165 °C (-110 °F to +325 °F) depending on used materials.
Process pressure up to 138 bar (2000 psi).
Metal and plastic transducers.
APPLICATIONS
VESSELS: Any mounting position.
CONDITIONS: Unaffected by
- shifting dielectric, density or pH
- presence of foam, turbulence, visible vapours
- fast drain/fill rates
- transducer coating and air bubbles
- vacuum conditions.
AGENCY APPROVALS
Ex d
Ex ia
ATEX
•
•
CCOE
•
•
CSA
FM
EAC (GOST)
IEC
Inmetro
•
•
•
Ex n
Ex t
XP
IS
NI
•
•
•
•
•
•
Other
•
•
SIL
SIL 2 (1oo1)
®
25
ULTRASONIC CONTACT
ECHOTEL® 961
for hygienic use
DESCRIPTION
Echotel® 961 ultrasonic level switches require no calibration to detect the presence of any liquid
in less than 1s. Foam is ignored by this technology, so that the unit only detects the presence
or absence of liquid. The pulsed wave technology permits the unit to resist turbulence, aeration,
suspended solids and build up.
ECHOTEL 961 has both 3A and EHEDG approval for use in hygienic applications.
ECHOTEL 961 offers either current shift or relay output.
FEATURES
2-wire loop powered with mA output, AC/DC line powered with integrated relays.
Continuous selftest with selectable error output.
Process temperature from -40 °C to +165 °C (-40 °F to +325 °F).
Process pressure up to 103 bar (1500 psi).
LED identification for:
- process alarm
- error of transducer, electronics or electrical noise interference
- wet/dry status of transducer.
Push buttons for manual testing of alarm and error signals.
Adjustable time delay up to 45 s.
Suitable sensor design for CIP/SIP cleaning.
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Any liquid.
FEBRUARY 2003
AGENCY APPROVALS
IS
NI
CSA
Ex d
•
•
FM
•
•
SIL
Ex ia
Ex n
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SIL 2 (1oo1)
TNO
26
®
Other
ULTRASONIC CONTACT
ECHOTEL® 910
Ultrasonic tip sensitive
level control
DESCRIPTION
Echotel® 910 is an integral mounted ultrasonic tip sensitive level switch with integrated DPDT
relay. ECHOTEL 910 is ideally suited for pump protection (also for vacuum), overflow prevention,
high or low level alarm in clean liquid applications with or without foam.
FEATURES
Dual electrical entries and various housings are standard available.
A built-in averaging circuit ensures no false alarms due to most effervescence or turbulences.
Actuation is determined by the length of the transducer and is available in lengths between 3 cm
(1") and 254 cm (96").
Process pressure/temperature: 55,2 bar at -40 °C to +120 °C (800 psi at -40°F to +250 °F).
All materials exposed to process in 316/316L SST (1.4401/1.4404).
Field selectable high/low level failsafe.
APPLICATIONS
LIQUIDS: Any clean liquids.
PROCESS CONDITIONS: Unaffected by
- transducer coating and air bubbles
AGENCY APPROVALS
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CCOE
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FM
•
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®
27
ULTRASONIC CONTACT
ECHOTEL® 940/941
DESCRIPTION
Echotel® 940/941 ultrasonic level controls are compact integral units which utilise pulsed wave
technology to detect high or low level alarm in a broad range of viscous to light liquids.
The unit is available in two versions:
- with integrated relay: ECHOTEL 940
- with 8/16 mA current shift: ECHOTEL 941.
FEATURES
Electronics potted in sensor.
Compact and easy to install design.
High or low level detection.
Max +85 °C at 138 bar (+185 °F at 2000 psi).
IP66, watertight, with flying leads.
Horseshoe shaped transducer gap.
APPLICATIONS
VESSELS: Any mounting position, ideally suited for filters.
AGENCY APPROVALS
IS
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28
®
Other
ULTRASONIC CONTACT
®
29
ULTRASONIC NON-CONTACT
The level measurement is accomplished by emitting an ultrasonic pulse from the transducer face and measuring the
elapsed time between sending this pulse and its reflected
echo from the liquid surface. Since the speed of sound is
temperature dependant, the transducer also measures ambient temperature to compensate for the changing velocity.
FE T Y I
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ECHOTEL® 355
Ultrasonic non-contact
transmitter for level, volume
or open channel flow
DESCRIPTION
Echotel® 355 is an integral mount, high performance ultrasonic non-contact transmitter for liquid
level, volume and open channel flow measurement.
The electronics are housed in a single compartment cast aluminium or Lexan® housing. The
intelligent electronics analyse the ultrasonic echo profile, apply temperature compensation, reject
echoes from false targets, and then processes the true echo from the liquid surface. This results
in an extremely reliable measurement even when application difficulties like turbulence and false
echoes exist.
FEATURES
2-wire loop powered intrinsically safe transmitter.
Fast and easy configuration via 2-line x 16 characters display and 4-button keypad.
False target rejection identifies true echo from liquid surface.
Common tank shapes and 20-point custom table for v olume calculations.
Flume/weir primary elements and generic equation for open channel flow.
Process pressure max 3 bar (43,5 psi).
Two 7-digit totalizers for flow:
- resettable
- continuous totalizer.
Suited for SIL 1 loops (full FMEDA report available).
APPLICATIONS
Open channel flow flumes and weirs.
Chemical storage.
AGENCY APPROVALS
ATEX
Ex d
Ex ia
•
•
Ex t
XP
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NI
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•
Other
•
CCOE
cFMus
Inmetro
Ex n
•
•
SIL
SIL 1 (1oo1)
®
31
ECHOTEL® 335
Ultrasonic non-contact
transmitter for level, volume
or open channel flow
DESCRIPTION
Echotel® 335 is an integral mount, high performance ultrasonic non-contact transmitter for liquid
level, volume and open channel flow measurement.
The electronics are housed in a dual compartment housing seperating field wiring from user
interface electronics.
Advanced digital signal processing routines enable the 335 to perform in applications involving
in-tank obstructions, light foam and agitation.
FEATURES
Fast and easy calibration via 4 and 20 mA magnetic touch points.
LED indication for
- echo validity
- relay status (energised/de-energised).
Plug in custom / 6 digit display module (optional)
- for easy set up
- with bar graph display for liquid level % or echo strength.
IP 67, dual compartment (field wiring / user interface electronics) in cast aluminium.
Signal output: linearised 4-20 mA and separate relay for level alarm or echo loss tracking.
2 separate totalisers for flow:
- daily resettable
- continuous totaliser.
Max level range: 8 m (26 ft).
APPLICATIONS
Water and waste water: tank - open channel flow measurement.
Paper and pulp.
General industry.
Oil and chemical storage.
Food and beverage.
32
®
®
33
THERMAL DISPERSION
The thermal switches are based on heat transfer. One sensor is at the process temperature and the other is being
heated by a constant power. As the flow rate increases,
the temperature difference between the sensors decreases. A set point is established so when that specific temperature difference is reached the relay changes state. This
can be on either increasing or decreasing flow or flow/no
flow. When used in a level or interface application it is primarily the thermal conductivity of the fluid that will provide
the difference in heat transfer.
High
temperature
differential
Low
temperature
differential
www.magnetrol.com/thermalmassflow
FE T Y I
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THERMAL DISPERSION
THERMATEL® TG1/TG2
Thermal dispersion switch
DESCRIPTION
Thermatel® TG1/TG2 switches consist of electronics in a DIN rail housing and a remote sensor
with aluminium or stainless steel sensor housing (max 500 m (1640 ft) away from electronics).
TG1/TG2 switches can easily be adjusted to detect ﬂow (gases and liquids), level or liquid-liquid
interface. Both units are 2-wire 24 V DC powered and intrinsically safe approved.
TG1 offers standard LED flow indication, TG2 offers LED flow indication per NAMUR NE 44.
FEATURES
Easy field calibration – pre-calibration from factory on request.
Variable flow or flow / no flow detection of gases and liquids.
Excellent low flow sensitivity.
Continuous diagnostics detect sensor fault.
Continuous monitoring of flow rate versus setpoint via LED.
mA output provides repeatable indication of flow rate and fault detection.
Optional retractable fitting for dismantling under process conditions.
Unique spherical tip design option ideal for liquids or high viscosity applications.
Process conditions up to +450 °C (+850 °F) and 413 bar (6000 psi).
Suited for SIL1 and SIL2 loops (full FMEDA report available).
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: All types of gases and liquids.
VESSELS: Pipe sizes down to 1/4". Max sensor length up to 3,3 m. Can be installed at any
angle vertically/horizontally.
CONDITIONS: Can be used on conductive and non conductive media, very light density to
heavy viscous media. Can be set to ignore foam, aeration, turbulence, and cavitation.
AGENCY APPROVALS
Ex d
Ex ia
ATEX
•
EAC (GOST)
•
Ex n
Ex t
XP
IS
NI
Other
SIL
SIL 1 (1oo1)
®
35
THERMAL DISPERSION
THERMATEL® TD1/TD2
DESCRIPTION
Thermatel® TD1/TD2 switches can easily be adjusted to detect flow (gases and liquids), level or
liquid-liquid interface. TD1 is a line powered 24 V DC unit with integral electronics and a built-in
DPDT relay. TD2 is either V DC or V AC line powered, has integral or remote electronics and offers additionally LED indication, time delay and mA output for diagnostics and trending.
With continuous diagnostics, automatic temperature compensation, narrow hysteresis and fast
response time, TD1/TD2 bring you the latest in thermal dispersion technology.
FEATURES
Automatic temperature compensation for repeatable alarm under varying process temperatures.
Continuous monitoring of flow rate versus setpoint via LED (TD2).
mA output provides repeatable indication of flow rate and fault detection (TD2).
Set point / alarm can be measured over test points (TD2).
Optional retractable fitting for dismantling under process conditions.
Unique spherical tip design option ideal for liquids or high viscosity applications.
Process conditions up to +450 °C (+850 °F) and 413 bar (6000 psi).
Integral or remote electronics up to 150 m (500 ft).
Suited for SIL1 and SIL2 loops (full FMEDA report available).
APPLICATIONS
VESSELS: Pipe sizes down to 1/4". Max sensor length up to 3,3 m. Can be installed at any
angle vertically/horizontally, flanged, threaded or with compression fitting with or without hot or
cold tap.
heavy viscous media. Can be set to ignore foam, aeration, turbulence, and cavitation.
AGENCY APPROVALS
Ex d
ATEX
•
CCOE
•
Ex ia
Ex n
Ex t
XP
IS
CSA
•
•
FM
•
•
®
Other
Ex d+ib
EAC (GOST)
•
IEC
•
Ex d+ib
Inmetro
•
Ex d+ib
SIL
SIL 1 (1oo1)
36
NI
THERMAL DISPERSION
THERMATEL® TD2
for hygienic use
DESCRIPTION
Thermatel® TD2 switches can easily be adjusted to detect flow (gases and liquids), level or liquidliquid interface. TD2 is either V DC or V AC line powered and offers additional LED indication, time
delay and mA output for diagnostics and trending.
The unit has both 3A and EHEDG approval for use in hygienic applications.
FEATURES
Automatic temperature compensation for repeatable alarm under varying process temperatures.
Continuous monitoring of flow rate versus setpoint via LED.
mA output provides repeatable indication of flow rate and fault detection.
Set point / alarm can be measured over test points.
Suited for SIL1 loops (full FMEDA report available).
APPLICATIONS
VESSELS: Max sensor length up to 3,3 m. Can be installed at any angle vertically/horizontally.
heavy viscous media (up to 10.000 cP). Can be set to ignore foam, aeration, turbulence, and
cavitation.
AGENCY APPROVALS
FEBRUARY 2003
Ex d
Ex ia
Ex n
Ex t
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IS
NI
SIL
SIL 1 (1oo1)
TNO
Other
®
37
THERMAL DISPERSION
Mass Flow Measurement
Thermal flow meters are primarily used in air and gas
flow measurement applications. The meters consist of a
transmitter and probe with temperature sensors (RTDs)
located in the pins at the bottom of the probe. One sensor
measures the process temperature and the other sensor
is heated to a specific temperature above this. As the flow
rate increases heat gets taken away from the heated sensor. Some manufacturers use a variable power operation
to keep the temperature difference constant, while others
keep the power constant and measure the temperature
difference. The Magnetrol® Model TA2 measures the power
it takes to maintain a constant temperature difference
between the sensors. This relationship between power and
mass flow rate is established during calibration.
RTD
Heater
www.magnetrol.com/thermalmassflow
FE T Y I
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THERMAL DISPERSION
THERMATEL®
ENHANCED MODEL TA2
Thermal mass flow meter
DESCRIPTION
Enhanced Model TA2 Thermal Mass Flow Meter provides reliable mass measurement for air and
gas flow applications. The powerful, yet easy to use, electronics are contained in a compact
flameproof enclosure. TA2 is available with both insertion probes as well as flow body design for
smaller pipe sizes. TA2 offers excellent performance at an exceptional value.
FEATURES
Direct mass flow measurement of air and gases.
No need for temperature/pressure correction.
High turndown ratio 100:1.
Low pressure drop.
NIST traceable calibrations.
Flow, temperature and totalised flow available over HART®.
Advanced diagnostics check condition of probe, electronics, and wiring.
Rotatable plug-in display module provides display of flow rate, temperature, totalised flow, plus
diagnostic messages.
Process temperatures up to +205 °C (+400 °F).
Pressure rating up to 103 bar (1500 psi) dependent upon process connections.
Probe can be field replaced.
Calibration verification in the field.
Optional: - retractable probe assembly or valve with compression fitting
- flow body for 1/2" to 4" pipe sizes
- flow conditioning plate for flow bodies 11/2" and higher.
Accepts both AC and DC power input.
Optional pulse output plus second mA output which can be used for temperature or
different flow range (passive output only).
2-line x 16 characters backlit display with 4- button keypad for ease of configuration.
Calibration for two different gases.
Language selections of English, German, French, Spanish and Russian.
Rotatable housing.
APPLICATIONS
Combustion air – Digester/bio-gas – Compressed air/gas – Vent lines/flare headers Natural gas
– Hydrogen piping – Aeration lines.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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cFMus
EAC (GOST)
•
IEC
•
Inmetro
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Korea
Ex ia
NI
Other
Ex d+ib
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Metrology
SIL
SIL 1 (1oo1)
®
39
ELECTROMAGNETIC
FLOW METER
The function of an electromagnetic flow meter is based on
Faraday’s law of induction. The sensor consists of a nonmagnetic and non-conductive tube with two embedded
measuring electrodes. To create an alternating magnetic
field, two coils are fitted onto the tube in parallel with the
plane defined by the active parts of the measuring electrodes. If a conductive liquid flows across the magnetic
field, a voltage will appear on the measuring electrodes
proportional to the flow velocity and the conductor length.
water.magnetrol.com
polaris.magnetrol.com
ELECTROMAGNETIC FLOW METER
POLARIS™
Electromagnetic flow meter
DESCRIPTION
The electromagnetic flow meter consists of a sensor through which the measured liquid flows
and an electronic unit where the low-level signal from the sensor is modified to a standardized
form suitable for further processing in various industrial electronic devices.
The output signal is proportional to the volumetric flow rate of the measured liquid. The only factor
limiting the application of electromagnetic flow meters is the requirement that the measured liquid
shall be conductive and non-magnetic.
The electromagnetic flow meter can be designed either as an integral device or with the sensor
separated from the associated electronic unit. In the former case, the electronic unit is fitted
directly onto the sensor, in the latter case it is connected to the sensor by a remote cable.
The sensor design shall take into consideration the type of the measured liquid and its operational
parameters. To facilitate fitting into the liquid piping, the sensor can be provided with end flanges
or as a wafer style design.
FEATURES
4-20 mA, pulse, and alarm outputs.
Liquid conductivity down to 5 µS/cm.
Forward and reverse flow indication.
Multiple liner and electrode options.
HART protocol for use with PACTware™.
Flanged or wafer style sensors.
APPLICATIONS
Water.
Wastewater.
®
41
RF CAPACITANCE
The liquid acts as an isolator between two conductors
(probe and tank wall). When level rises, there is more gain
of capacity into an analog or digital signal.
RF CAPACITANCE
KOTRON® 805
Smart RF level transmitter
DESCRIPTION
Kotron® series 805 is a budget minded but “full function” 2-wire loop-powered 24 V DC, smart
RF transmitter. The microprocessor based electronics allow the user to calibrate the 805 with only
one small level change. The electronics are housed in an ergonomical dual compartment housing
which is directly mounted on top of the probe.
KOTRON 805 comes in 2 versions:
- blind transmitter
- transmitter with local Magnecal™ system (display and keypad).
FEATURES
Blind Transmitter.
Password protected.
Calibration using HART® communication.
One small level change needed for initial calibration.
Full diagnostics using HART® communication.
Analog output: 3.8 mA to 20.5 per Namur NE 43.
Transmitter with local keypad/display.
Calibration using HART®, or locally via a 2-line x 8 characters display and a 3-button keypad.
Continuous local display of level, % and loop signal.
Fault identification via FAULT message on display.
Other Features.
Ergonomical - 45° angle, dual compartment housing isolates terminal board from electronics.
Transmitter head can be removed from probe without depressurising the vessel.
Process temperature max +540 °C at 35 bar (+1000 °F at 500 psi).
Process pressure max 345 bar at +40 °C (5000 psi at +100 °F).
Compatible with over 50 application oriented KOTRON® probes (see bulletin BE 50-125).
APPLICATIONS
Hydrocarbons & solvents.
Corrosives, acids and caustics.
Powders & granulars.
High temperature/pressure liquids.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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RF CAPACITANCE
KOTRON® 82 (CE)
Level transmitter
DESCRIPTION
Kotron® 82 (CE) 2-Wire RF capacitance transmitter is one of the most cost effective level transmitters available today.
Compact in size, it employs state of the art technology for a stable, accurate signal in a wide
range of materials.
FEATURES
Uses state of the art technology to provide a stable, more accurate signal.
4-20 mA isolated output signal.
Utilises a 24 V DC current loop for power source and signal transmission.
Input voltage of 14 to 40 V DC at transmitter terminals.
Potted electronics are vibration resistant, protect electronics from the environment and allow easy
wiring.
Has integral metering points to allow the local measurement of 4-20 mA loop current without
breaking the two-wire circuit loop.
Power indicator LED varies in brightness with level changes.
Available with a full range of rigid and flexible sensing probes to 345 bar (5000 psi) and +540 °C
(+1000 °F).
APPLICATIONS
Clean or dirty liquids.
Viscous liquids.
Light slurries.
Corrosive liquids.
High temperature liquids.
Chemicals.
Hydrocarbons & solvents.
Food & beverage.
Powders & granulars.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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Other
RF CAPACITANCE
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MAGNETOSTRICTIVE
Jupiter® magnetostrictive transmitter utilises the effect of a
magnetic field on a magnetostrictive wire as the basis for
operation of the instrument. The primary components are
the probe assembly containing the wire and the electronics
assembly.
1. A low energy pulse which is generated by the electronics travels the length of the magnetostrictive wire.
2. A return signal is generated from the precise location
where the magnetic field of the
float intersects the wire.
3. Interaction between the magnetic
field, electrical pulse and magnetostrictive wire cause a slight mechanical disturbance in the wire
that travels back up the probe at
the speed of sound.
4. A timer precisely measures the
elapsed time between the generation of the pulse and the return
4
of the mechanical or acoustic
signal. This is detected by the
1
acoustic sensor located below
the electronics housing. The
3
software is set up to measure the
2
time-of-flight data and to display
and convert to level and/or liquidliquid interface measurement.
FE T Y I
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MAGNETOSTRICTIVE
JUPITER® JM4
Magnetostrictive
level transmitter
expected Q2, 2015
DESCRIPTION
Jupiter® liquid level transmitter is a loop-powered 24 V DC liquid-level transmitter and is available
as a direct insertion transmitter or as an external mounted transmitter onto a
Magnetic Level Indicator. The unit can be designed for liquid level and/or liquid-liquid
interface measurement.
The innovative enclosure is a first in the industry, orienting dual compartments (wiring and electronics) in the same plane and angled to maximize ease of wiring, configuration, set-up and data
display.
The high safety level of JUPITER is demonstrated by a Safe Failure Fraction > 90 %.
FEATURES
High precision and repeatable level measurement:
- accuracy up to ± 1,27 mm (0.05")
- repeatability of ± 0,36 mm (0.014").
Easy bench configuration – no need for level simulation.
Auto-configuration option – configuration settings contained within probe.
Rotatable housing can be dismantled without depressurising the vessel via “Quick connect/disconnect” probe coupling.
Dual compartment with separate housing for wiring and electronics.
4-button user interface and graphical LCD display provide enhanced depth of data, indicating
on-screen waveforms and troubleshooting tips.
Process temperature up to +425 °C (+800 °F).
Process pressure up to 207 bar (3000 psi)
Probe lengths up to 10,7 m (35 ft).
Float failure reporting.
IP 67 Enclosure Rating.
Suited for SIL 1 or SIL 2 loops (full FMEDA report available).
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Highly recommended for use in liquids with enhanced foam development.
Interface measurement where the upper liquid layer has a higher dielectric than the lower liquid
layer.
CONDITIONS: Suited for use in a turbulent liquid environment as the float remains in
contact with the liquid surface whilst emitting its signal.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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MAGNETIC LEVEL INDICATORS
The Magnetic Level Indicator (MLI) consists of a sealed
bypass cage, a float containing a magnet and a visual
indicator rail with bi-coloured flags that individually contain a magnet. The indicator rail is external mount on the
cage and its flags are magnetically coupled/aligned with
the magnet of the float. As the level changes, the float will
follow and its magnet will attract the magnets in the flags.
This will cause the flags to rotate showing their opposite
coloured side. The same electro-magnetic coupling will
activate/deactivate switches or change the output of an
externally clamped-on magnetostrictive transmitter.
Stainless
Flux
Liquid
Float
steel chamber wall
ring
level
Indicating
magnet
Float
flags
AURORA®
Guided wave radar
level transmitter and
magnetic level indicator
DESCRIPTION
Aurora® combines the operation of a conventional float operated magnetic level indicator with the leading edge technology of Guided Wave Radar. The result is a true level measurement redundancy in a
single 3" or 4" chamber design. Eclipse® Guided Wave Radar is a 2-wire loop powered 24 V DC liquid
level transmitter utilising Time Domain Reflectometry technology (TDR) to perform level measurement
independent from media characteristics and process conditions. AURORA is a completely self-contained unit for side mounting to a tank or vessel with threaded or flanged pipe connections.
FEATURES
Complete redundant system whereby the measuring results of ECLIPSE can be continuously
checked against the level indication of the Magnetic Level Indicator.
Pro-active maintenance can be planned ahead of time based upon the comparison of the measuring results of the two systems.
No calibration required on either measuring system.
HART®, AMS®, Foundation Fieldbus™ and PACTware™ communication protocol.
Up to 5,7 m (224") measuring range.
Up to 103 bar (1500 psi) – optional up to 310 bar (4500 psi).
Up to +450 °C (+850 °F) process temperature for non-condensing applications.
Up to 155 bar @ +345 °C (2250 psi @ +650 °F) for saturated steam applications.
Suited for SIL 1 and SIL 2 loops (full FMEDA report available for ECLIPSE transmitter) –
optional SIL 2/3.
ECLIPSE 705 transmitter SIL 3 certified (EXIDA certificate available).
Several cage designs are available, consult factory for more details.
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Clean liquids; hydrocarbons to water-based media (dielectric 1.4-100).
INTERFACE: Consult factory.
and varying dielectric media.
AGENCY APPROVALS (for ECLIPSE 705 GWR)
ATEX
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CPA
Marine
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SIL 1/2 (1oo1)
Steam Drum
TÜV
®
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VECTOR™
Magnetic level indicators
DESCRIPTION
Vector™ is a rugged, reliable and cost-effective Magnetic Level Indicator (MLI). Suitable for a
variety of installations, VECTOR has many basic features and is precision-engineered and manufactured to ensure a long service life.
MLIs are widely used to replace high-maintenance sight and gauge class indicators and are
increasingly used in new applications. Optional switches and transmitters are available to provide
various output signals for level control.
FEATURES
Rugged, industrial grade construction.
Rail can be rotated to obtain better viewing position.
Immediate and accurate response to level changes.
Max process pressure of the float 85 bar (1230 psi).
Max process temp. +260 °C (+500 °F).
Min process temp. -40 °C (-40 °F).
Measuring range up to 5,5 m (18 ft).
Standard S.G. range from 0,54 - 1,50 kg/dm3.
Floats are not vented nor gas filled.
Options:
- scale in cm or tailor made
- reed type bi-stable switches
- reed chain transmitter with 4-20 mA output.
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Clean liquids.
VESSELS: Most process and storage tanks up to rated operating pressure and process temperature.
FUNCTION: Continuous liquid level or liquid-liquid interface indication.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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ATLAS™
DESCRIPTION
Atlas™ is our standard high-performance magnetic level indicator. ATLAS is a single chamber design with either a 2”, 2 1⁄2”, or 3” chamber diameter, as required by the application. There are twelve
basic configuration styles including top mount models.
ATLAS MLIs are produced in a wide range of materials, including exotic alloys and plastics. We
also offer the most complete selection of process connection types and sizes in the industry.
ATLAS can be equipped with a variety of level transmitters and switches as well as flag and shuttle
indicators with or without stainless steel scales. This enables ATLAS to be a complete level and
monitoring control.
ATLAS may be equipped with the external mount Jupiter®, magnetostrictive transmitter, or with an
Eclipse® Guided Wave radar in an enlarged cage.
FEATURES
Precision manufactured float with multiple magnets and flux ring for an optimum Gauss rating.
Viewing window made of shatter-resistant polycarbonate.
Viewing window filled with dry nitrogen gas to eliminate condensation and allow for maintained
visibility.
Double O-ring seal prevents contaminants from entering the viewing window.
Flags are designed with mechanical stop for stable indication of fast varying level changes.
Shuttle followers for level and interface indication.
Stainless steel flags in aluminium or stainless steel (optional) indication rail.
1/2" NPT vent and drain (other options available).
Max hydrotest pressure of the float: 62 bar (900 psi) - higher pressure (up to 310 bar (4500 psi))
on request.
Min operating process temperature: -50 °C (-60 °F) standard, down to -196 °C (-320 °F) on request.
Max operating process temperature up to + 540 °C (up to +1000 °F) with factory supplied insulation.
S.G. range as low as 0,49 kg/dm3 (lower S.G. on request).
Bottom and top spring protection of the float avoids float damage during transport, maintenance
and surging/ flashing conditions.
Options:
- high and low temperature options
- stainless steel scale for level or volume
- JUPITER magnetostrictive transmitter.
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Clean liquids with a S.G. ≥ 0,49 kg/dm3 incl. aggressive, toxic and flammable liquids /
liquified gases.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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GEMINI™
DESCRIPTION
This twin chamber design is unique to the Magnetic level gauge industry. Countless unique
configuration styles are available with Gemini™. It can be produced in the same metal material
selections as Atlas™.
The second chamber facilitates the installation of any of a wide selection of transmitters to
provide continuous level monitoring in addition to the indication provided by the primary chamber.
Eclipse® guided wave radar or direct insertion Jupiter® magnetostrictive level transmitters can be
mounted in the secondary chamber to provide totally redundant indication with continuous level
output. The primary chamber, which houses the float, can be fitted with clamp-on switches or
transmitters for additional level control.
FEATURES
Precision manufactured float with multiple magnets and flux ring for an optimum Gauss rating.
Viewing window made of shatter-resistant polycarbonate.
Viewing window filled with dry nitrogen gas to eliminate condensation and allow for maintained
visibility.
Double O-ring seal prevents contaminants from entering the viewing window.
Flags are designed with mechanical stop for stable indication of fast varying level changes.
Shuttle followers for level and interface indication.
Stainless steel flags in aluminium or stainless steel (optional) indication rail.
1/2" NPT vent and drain.
Max hydrotest pressure of the float: 62 bar (900 psi) - higher pressure (up to 310 bar (4500 psi))
on request.
Min operating process temperature: -50 °C (-60 °F) standard, down to -196 °C (-320 °F) on request.
Max operating process temperature up to + 540 °C (up to +1000 °F) with factory supplied insulation.
S.G. range as low as 0, 49 kg/dm3 (lower S.G. on request).
Bottom and top spring protection of the float avoids float damage during transport, maintenance
and surging/ flashing conditions.
Options:
- Eclipse® guided wave radar transmitter.
- JUPITER® magnetostrictive transmitter.
- E3 Modulevel® displacer transmitter.
- Kotron® RF capacitance transmitter.
- Valves for isolation.
- Display options: level, volume, or percent. Custom scale and dual scale options available.
- High and low temperature options.
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Clean liquids with a S.G. ≥ 0,49 kg/dm3 incl. aggressive, toxic and flammable liquids /
liquified gases.
52
®
®
53
DISPLACER TRANSMITTER
The buoyancy force works on the displacer which will vertically move in (increasing liquid level) and out (decreasing
liquid level) the linear differential transformer (LVDT). Due
to this movement voltages are induced in the secondary
windings of the LVDT. These signals are then processed
in the electronic circuitry and used to control the output
signal.
LVDT
Moving LVDT Core
Electronics
incl.
digital display
3-button
Enclosing
Range
Spring
tube
spring
protection cap
Displacer
External
e3modulevel.magnetrol.com
FE T Y I
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cage
/
key pad
EGRITY
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E3 MODULEVEL®
Displacer operated
level transmitter
DESCRIPTION
E3 Modulevel® is a 2-wire, loop-powered level transmitters utilising the buoyancy principle to
detect and convert liquid level changes into a stable output signal.
The linkage between the level sensing element and output electronics greatly simplifies mechanical design and construction. The in-line vertical design of the transmitter reduces instrument
weight and the effects of process vibration on electronic circuitry components while simplifying
installation.
FEATURES
Operation functions include:
- interface measurement and detection
- continuous level measurement
- density measurement.
2-line x 8 characters display LCD and 3-button keypad.
Easy bench configuration. No need for level simulation.
360° rotatable housing can be dismantled without depressurising the vessel.
Special options, materials and custom engineered features.
Suited for SIL 1 and SIL 2 loops. SFF of 92,3 % (full FMEDA report available).
APPLICATIONS
MEDIA: Liquids with a S.G. as low as 0,23 and up to 2,2 kg/dm3 and interfaces with a minimum
density difference of 0,10 kg/dm3.
VESSELS: Most process vessels up to +450 °C (+850 °F) for non-condensing and +425 °C
(+800 °F) for condensing process temperature and pressures up to 355 bar (5150 psi) or storage vessels e.g:
- feedwater heaters
- condensate drip pots
- scrubbers
- separators
- receivers
- flash tanks
- knock out drums
- boilers.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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Inmetro
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PNEUMATIC MODULEVEL®
Liquid level control
DESCRIPTION
Pneumatic Modulevel® controls are displacement actuated level sensors. They provide output
signals in direct proportion to changes in liquid level.
Simple, modular design and proven magnetic coupling make MODULEVEL controls versatile,
highly stable, vibration resistant and adaptable to extremes of temperature and pressure.
FEATURES
Standard models handle service temperatures from -100 °C to +370 °C
(-150 °F to +700 °F) and pressure to 294 bar (4265 psi).
Stable output signal is unaffected by surface turbulence. Prevents control valve "hunting" and
extends valve life.
Controller head may be removed and bench calibrated without dismantling or even depressurising the tank.
Accurate output signal provided over a wide specific gravity range.
316 SS displacer and trim.
Easy field calibration without moving tank liquid level, reducing installation time and cost.
Controller head rotates 360°, simplifies pneumatic piping hookup.
Pilot relay provides a 4 to 1 amplification of pilot pressure signal to speed valve response.
Built-in visual level indicator is independent of air supply.
Optional pneumatic to current interface transducer for use in electronic control applications.
Optional proportional plus integral control.
Optional differential gap (on-off) control.
Optional Hi-Lo electronic alarm signal provides inexpensive backup alarm.
APPLICATIONS
Pneumatic MODULEVEL liquid level controls are widely used in utility power generation, chemical
and petroleum processing operations, such as:
- steam generator feedwater heater regulation
- fractionating column level transmitter
- ethanolamine level transmitter
- vent gas scrubber level control
- drip pot condensate level control
- flash tank level transmitter.
56
®
EXTERNAL CAGES FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES
EXTERNAL CAGES
for electronic devices
Several devices such as Eclipse®, Modulevel®,… are mounted in
(custom designed) external cages. Depending on process connection, process condition, customer specification,… several
possibilities are possible. Below are some typical examples. Many
other designs are possible, consult the factory for more details.
®
57
BUOYANCY
A permanent magnet is attached to a pivoted switch actuator. As the float/displacer rises following the liquid level,
it raises the attraction sleeve into the field of the magnet,
which then snaps against the non-magnetic enclosing
tube, actuating the switch. The enclosing tube provides a
static pressure boundary between the switch mechanism
and the process. On a falling level, the float/displacer deactivates the switch.
Switch
Enclosing
tube
Attraction
sleeve
Pivot
Return
spring
Magnet
Float
FE T Y I
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BUOYANCY
T20 - T21
Liquid float level switch
DESCRIPTION
T20 and T21 units are user friendly, reliable float switches designed for top mounting to tanks
or vessels. T20 units utilise a single switch mechanism and float. T21 units utilise two switch
mechanisms and two separate floats when widely spaced actuating levels are required. T20 and
T21 models are available for any type of open or closed vessel with either threaded or flanged
type mounting and actuating depths up to 1219 mm (48 inches).
FEATURES
Carbon or stainless steel process connection materials (other materials available on
request).
Flanged and threaded process connections.
Up to 2 switch levels (T21).
S.G. as low as 0,60 kg/dm3.
Process pressure up to 41,3 bar (600 psi).
Standard anti-corrosive protection.
Optional:
- NACE construction (MR-01-75)
- interface calibration
- special actuating levels
- special tank connections
- extreme temperature modifications
- class 1, Group B explosion proof electrical enclosure
- special exterior surface preparation and finish.
Suited for SIL 2 loops (DPDT switch) (full FMEDA report available).
APPLICATIONS
Day tanks.
Condensate receivers.
Fuel storage tanks.
Cooling towers.
Flash tanks.
Interface.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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BUOYANCY
A10/15 - B10/15 - C10/15
Liquid displacer level switch
DESCRIPTION
Magnetrol® displacement type level switches offer the industrial user a wide choice of alarm and
control configurations. Each unit utilises a simple buoyancy principle and is well suited for simple
or complex applications, such as foaming or surging liquids or agitated fluids, and usually costs
less than other types of level switches.
FEATURES
Narrow or wide level ranges achieved through multiple switch mechanism capability.
Maximum process temperature: +260 °C (500 °F).
Maximum process pressure: 55,1 bar (800 psi).
S.G. as low as 0.4 kg/dm3.
Displacers adjustable at any point along the suspension cable.
Anti-surge design eliminates the possibility of switch short cycling.
Standard 3 m (10 ft) of suspension cable, included for all models.
Field adjustable set point and switch differential.
Wide choice of displacer materials.
Wide choice of housings and switch mechanisms
Optional:
- proof-er® ground check
- floating roof models
- high pressure models
- models for interface.
APPLICATIONS
Foaming or surging liquids – Paints – Agitated fluids – Varnishes – Sewage handling – Heavy oils
– Dirty liquids – Liquids with solids
AGENCY APPROVALS
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BUOYANCY
TUFFY® T3
Side mounting level control
DESCRIPTION
Tuffy® liquid level switches are float actuated devices designed for horizontal mounting in a tank
or vessel through threaded or flanged pipe connections. The compact size allows for installation
in small vessels, while its many features provide a variety of application uses. The single switch
mechanism is available in SPDT or DPDT forms on units designed for adjustable, narrow or wide
differential and interface service.
FEATURES
Maximum process temperature: +400 °C (+750 °F).
Minimum process temperature: -55 °C (-65 °F).
Maximum process pressure: 150 bar (2160 psi).
S.G. as low as 0.4 kg/dm3.
Wetted parts in 316/316L (1.4401/1.4404) or Hastelloy C (2.4819).
Available as: - flanged
- threaded
- flanged or sealed cage mounted.
MODELS
Narrow differential switch (for alarm functions):
- standard pressure (up to 50 bar (720 psi))
- high pressure (up to 150 bar (2160 psi)).
Wide adjustable differential switch (for control functions).
Interface switch (detection of interface level between liquids).
External cages.
Compact versions:
- pneumatic narrow differential switch
- electric narrow differential switch.
APPLICATIONS
Sour service (NACE).
High/low alarm.
Single pump control.
Day storage tanks.
Corrosive processes.
Process vessels.
Boiler low water cut off.
Interface level.
Installations in hazardous area.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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BUOYANCY
T62 - T64 - T67
Side mounting
liquid float level switch
DESCRIPTION
Side mounting controls mount horizontally to any tank or vessel through a threaded or flanged
pipe connection. Standard models are normally equipped with a single switch mechanism for
high or low level alarm or control applications. Tandem models with two switch mechanisms are
available for two level stage applications, providing the operating functions of two separate instruments such as high and low level alarm.
FEATURES
Carbon or stainless steel body materials (other materials available on request).
Flanged and threaded process connections.
Up to 2 switch levels (T67).
Process pressure up to 82,7 bar (1200 psi).
Field adjustable level differentials from 32 mm (1.25") up to 409 mm (16.12").
Optional:
- code compliance construction
- Class 1, Group B explosion proof electrical enclosure
APPLICATIONS
Foaming or surging liquids.
Varnishes.
Sewage handling.
Heavy oils.
Paints.
Liquids with solids.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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BUOYANCY
B40
High pressure /
high temperature
liquid float level switch
DESCRIPTION
B40 liquid level switch is specifically designed and constructed for high pressure, high temperature service conditions. These type level switches are completely self-contained units designed
for side mounting to a tank or vessel with welded or flanged pipe connections.
FEATURES
Cr Mo (Chrome - molybdenum), carbon steel or stainless steel welded float cages.
Single switch level.
Process pressure up to 207 bar @ +370 °C (3000 psi @ +700 °F).
Optional:
- Class 1, Group B explosion proof electrical enclosure.
APPLICATIONS
Accumulators.
Flash tanks.
Receivers.
Knock out drums.
Flare pots.
Storage tanks.
Scrubbers.
Separators.
AGENCY APPROVALS
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63
BUOYANCY
EXTERNAL CAGE
Liquid float / displacer
level switch
DESCRIPTION
External cage type level switches are completely self-contained units designed for side mounting
to a tank or vessel with threaded or flanged pipe connections. These switches are engineered to
customer specifications.
FEATURES
Carbon or stainless steel welded float cages (other materials available on request).
Up to 3 switch levels.
Sealed/Flanged cages:
- S.G. as low as 0,34 kg/dm3
- process pressure up to 138 bar (2000 psi) for floats
- process pressure up to 345 bar (5000 psi) for displacers.
Optional:
- customised installation dimensions
- code compliance construction
- Class 1, Group B explosion proof electrical enclosure
APPLICATIONS
Foaming or surging liquids – Paints – Agitated fluids – Varnishes – Sewage handling – Heavy oils
– Dirty liquids – Liquids with solids.
AGENCY APPROVALS
Ex d
Ex ia
ATEX
•
•
CCOE
•
Ex n
Ex t
XP
CSA
•
FM
•
EAC (GOST)
IEC
Inmetro
Korea
NEPSI
•
•
IS
•
•
•
•
Marine
SIL
SIL 2 (1oo1)
64
®
NI
Other
EXTERNAL CAGES FOR BUOYANCY DEVICES
EXTERNAL CAGES
for buoyancy devices
As with our electronic products our buoyancy products can also
be mounted in (custom designed) external cages. It will again depend on process connection, process condition, customer specification, … how the external cage will be designed. Below are
some typical examples. Many other designs are possible, consult
the factory for more details.
®
65
MECHANICAL FLOW
F10
The actuating vane is magnetically linked to a pivoted
electric (or pneumatic) switch, which is isolated from the
process by a non-magnetic barrier tube. As the actuating
vane moves with an increase in flow, it drives a magnetic
sleeve into the field of a permanent magnet located outside the barrier tube which trips the switch. As flow decreases, the actuating vane returns to a vertical position,
allowing the magnet and switch assembly to return to the
“No Flow” position.
F50
The rate of flow through the valve body raises or lowers
the disc. This in turn raises or lowers the magnetic sleeve,
within its sealed non-magnetic barrier tube. On an increasing flow rate, the magnetic sleeve rises into the field of the
permanent magnet, located outside the barrier tube, actuating the attached switch mechanism. When the flow rate
drops, below the rate for which the flow disc is calibrated,
a reversal of this action occurs.
F10
F50
MECHANICAL FLOW
F10 - F50
Flow switch
DESCRIPTION
Flow switches are highly reliable devices sensing the start or stop of flow in horizontal pipelines containing oil and petroleum derivatives, chemicals, water, or air.
Vane actuated model F10 switches are used on gas or liquid flow applications in 2" or larger pipe
sizes.
Disc actuated model F50 switches are in-line type sensing clean liquids in 2" or smaller pipe
sizes.
FEATURES
Actuation on increasing or decreasing flow.
Special sensing elements for non-standard or high flow applications.
Designed for horizontal pipe applications.
Model F10: - field adjustable
- low pressure drop
- process temperature up to +230 °C (+450 °F)
- process pressure up to 69 bar (1000 psi)
- standard flow vanes for 2" thru 10" flow lines.
Model F50: - no calibration required
- bronze or stainless steel construction
- process temperature up to +400 °C (+750 °F)
- process pressure up to 79,3 bar (1150 psi)
- bodies for flow lines from 3/4" to 2".
APPLICATIONS
Pump staging or failure.
Pipeline flow detection.
Valve failure.
Loss of pipeline flow.
Pipe blockage/rupture.
Pump inlet flow protection.
Check valve blockage/leakage.
Alarm on eyewash or shower safety station.
AGENCY APPROVALS
Ex d
Ex ia
ATEX
•
•
CCOE
•
Inmetro
Korea
NEPSI
XP
IS
NI
Other
•
FM
IEC
Ex t
•
CSA
EAC (GOST)
Ex n
•
•
•
•
•
•
CPA
®
67
Appendix – Technical Guide
This Technical Guide
is the result of a
combined effort by
the Engineering,
Sales, and Marketing
Departments.
All reasonable efforts have
been made to accurately
compile the information
contained in this guide.
However, no warranty is made
with regard to any such
information, and Magnetrol
cannot assume responsibility
for any possible errors or any
direct or indirect result of the
use of such information.
Table of Contents
Conversions
Metric Values................................................................................3
Metric Prefixes..............................................................................3
Temperature .................................................................................4
Flow Rate .....................................................................................5
Miscellaneous...............................................................................7
Equivalents
Liquid Measures and Weights....................................................14
Kinematic Viscosity ....................................................................14
Absolute Viscosity ......................................................................15
Electrical Units............................................................................15
Degrees API and Degrees Baumé.............................................16
Kinematic and Saybolt Viscosity ................................................17
Pressure and Head ....................................................................18
Properties
Density and Specific Gravity of Selected Liquids ......................19
Density and Specific Gravity of Selected Gases .......................20
Density and Specific Gravity of Saturated Water.......................21
Density of Superheated Steam and Compressed Water ...........22
Specific Gravity of Petroleum Products .....................................23
Density of Air ..............................................................................24
Speed of Sound .........................................................................24
Dielectric Constants of Liquids...................................................25
Dielectric Constants of Solids ....................................................31
Viscosity of Gases and Vapors ..................................................32
Viscosity of Water and Steam ....................................................33
Viscosity of Various Liquids........................................................33
Viscosity of Petroleum Products ................................................34
Pipe Data
Dimensions of Blind Flanges......................................................35
Flange Ratings by Class ............................................................37
Plastic Flange Rating .................................................................39
ANSI Bolting Dimensions ...........................................................39
Tri-Clamp Rating ........................................................................39
Cast Iron Pipe ............................................................................40
Steel Pipe ...................................................................................41
A-1
Conversions: Metric Values
The table below provides a fast and easy means of
conversion from one metric notation to another. The value
labeled “Unit” represents a basic unit of measurement, such
as meter, gram, ohm, erg, etc. First, locate the original value
in the left-hand column. Follow the row horizontally to the
vertical column headed by the prefix of the desired value. The
arrow and figure at this intersection represent the direction in
which the decimal point should be moved and the number of
places to move it.
Original
Value
TeraGigaMegaMyriaKiloHectoDekaUnit
DeciCentiMilliMicroNanoPico-
Tera-
3
6
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
18
21
24
Giga3
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
18
21
Mega6
3
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
12
15
18
Myria8
5
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
13
16
Kilo9
6
3
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
9
12
15
Example: Convert 0.15 kilowatts to watts. Starting at the
“Kilo-” box in the left-hand column, move horizontally to the
column headed by “Unit” (since watt is a basic unit of
measurement), and read 3
. Thus 0.15 kilowatts is the
equivalent of 150 watts.
Example: Convert 4,500 kilohertz to megahertz, read in the
box horizontal to “Kilo-” and under “Mega-” the notation
3, which means a shift of the decimal point three places
to the left. Thus, 4,500 kilohertz is the equivalent of 4.5
megahertz.
Desired Value
Hecto- Deka10
11
7
8
4
5
2
3
1
2
1
1
2
3
4
5
8
11
14
1
2
3
4
7
10
13
Unit
12
9
6
4
3
2
1
1
2
3
6
9
12
Deci13
10
7
5
4
3
2
1
1
2
5
8
11
Centi14
11
8
6
5
4
3
2
1
1
4
7
10
Milli15
12
9
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
3
6
9
Micro18
15
12
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
3
6
Nano21
18
15
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
3
3
Pico24
21
18
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
6
3
Conversions: Metric Prefixes
atto . . . . . . . . . . . . . a . . . . . . . one-quintillionth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
femto . . . . . . . . . . . . f . . . . . . . . one-quadrillionth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pico . . . . . . . . . . . . . p . . . . . . . one-trillionth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
nano . . . . . . . . . . . . n . . . . . . . one-billionth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
micro . . . . . . . . . . . . µ . . . . . . . one-millionth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
milli . . . . . . . . . . . . . m . . . . . . . one-thousandth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
centi . . . . . . . . . . . . c. . . . . . . . one-hundredth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
deci . . . . . . . . . . . . . d . . . . . . . one-tenth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
uni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . one . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
deka . . . . . . . . . . . . da . . . . . . ten. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
hecto . . . . . . . . . . . . h . . . . . . . one
kilo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . k. . . . . . . . one
mega . . . . . . . . . . . . M . . . . . . . one
giga . . . . . . . . . . . . . G . . . . . . . one
tera . . . . . . . . . . . . . T . . . . . . . one
A-2
hundred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
thousand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
million . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 000
billion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 000 000
trillion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 000 000 000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
000 000 000 000 001 ..............................10–18
000 000 000 001 ......................................10–15
000 000 001 ..............................................10–12
000 001.......................................................10–9
001...............................................................10–6
0.001 .......................................................................10–3
0.01 .........................................................................10–2
0.1 ...........................................................................10–1
1.0 ...........................................................................100
10.0 ...........................................................................101
100.0 ...........................................................................102
000.0 ...........................................................................103
000.0 ...........................................................................106
000.0 ...........................................................................109
000.0 ...........................................................................1012
Conversions: Temperature
Locate temperature in middle column. If in degrees Celsius, read Fahrenheit equivalent in right hand column; if in degrees
Fahrenheit, read Celsius equivalent in left hand column.
C
–459.4° to 0°
F
C
–273.1
–268
–262
–257
–251
–459.7
–450
–440
–430
–420
–218
–212
–207
–201
–196
–360
–350
–340
–330
–320
–246
–240
–234
–229
–223
–190
–184
–179
–173
–169
–168
–162
–157
–151
–146
–140
–134
–129
–123
–118
–112
–107
–101
– 96
– 90
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
84
79
73
68
62
57
51
46
40
34
– 29
– 23
– 17.8
F
–410
–400
–390
–380
–370
C
–17.2
–16.7
–16.1
–15.6
–15.0
–364
–346
–328
–310
–292
–
–
–
–
–
–120
–110
–100
– 90
– 80
–
–
–
–
–
70
60
50
40
30
– 20
– 10
0
–274
–256
–238
–220
–202
–184
–166
–148
–130
–112
–
–
–
–
–
–
94
76
58
40
22
4
14
32
16.1
16.7
17.2
17.8
18.3
11
12
13
14
15
51.8
53.6
55.4
57.2
59.0
21.7
22.2
22.8
23.3
23.9
3.3
2.8
2.2
1.7
1.1
–220
–210
–200
–190
–180
–
–
–
–
–
6.1
5.6
5.0
4.4
3.9
– 0.6
0.0
0.6
1.1
1.7
2.2
2.8
3.3
3.9
4.4
5.0
5.6
6.1
6.7
7.2
7.8
8.3
8.9
9.4
10.0
10.6
11.1
11.7
12.2
12.8
13.3
13.9
14.4
15.0
15.6
C
33.8
35.6
37.4
39.2
41.0
16
17
18
19
20
–459.7
F
1
2
3
4
5
8.9
8.3
7.8
7.2
6.7
–
–
–
–
–
–170
–160
–150
–140
–130
C
6
7
8
9
10
–11.7
–11.1
–10.6
–10.0
– 9.4
–454
–436
–418
–400
–382
F
–14.4
–13.9
–13.3
–12.8
–12.2
–310
–300
–290
–280
–273.1
–270
–260
–250
–240
–230
1 to 60°
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
42.8
44.6
46.4
48.2
50.0
60.8
62.6
64.4
66.2
68.0
69.8
71.6
73.4
75.2
77.0
78.8
80.6
82.4
84.2
86.0
87.8
89.6
91.4
93.2
95.0
36
37
38
39
40
96.8
98.6
100.4
102.2
104.0
46
47
48
49
50
114.8
116.6
118.4
120.2
122.0
41
42
43
44
45
51
62
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
105.8
107.6
109.4
111.2
113.0
123.8
125.6
127.4
129.2
131.0
132.8
134.6
136.4
138.2
140.0
18.9
19.4
20.0
20.6
21.1
24.4
25.0
25.6
26.1
26.7
27.2
27.8
28.3
28.9
29.4
30.0
30.6
31.1
31.7
32.2
32.8
33.3
33.9
34.4
35.0
35.6
36.1
36.7
37.2
37.8
43
49
54
60
66
71
77
82
88
92
99
100
104
110
116
121
127
132
138
143
61° to 290°
F
C
F
C
61
62
63
64
65
141.8
143.6
145.4
147.2
149.0
149
154
160
166
171
71
72
73
74
75
159.8
161.6
163.4
165.2
167.0
204
210
216
221
227
66
67
68
69
70
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
212
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
150.8
152.6
154.4
156.2
158.0
168.8
170.6
172.4
174.2
176.0
177.8
179.6
181.4
183.2
185.0
186.8
188.6
190.4
192.2
194.0
195.8
197.6
199.4
201.2
203.0
204.8
206.6
208.4
210.2
212.0
230
248
266
284
302
320
338
356
374
392
410
413.6
428
446
464
482
500
518
536
554
177
182
188
193
199
232
238
243
249
254
260
266
271
277
282
288
293
299
304
310
316
321
327
332
338
343
349
354
360
366
371
377
382
388
393
399
404
410
416
421
427
432
438
443
449
454
460
466
471
477
300° to 890°
F
C
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
F
C
662
680
698
716
734
510
516
521
527
532
572
590
608
626
644
752
770
788
806
824
842
860
878
896
914
500
510
520
530
540
932
940
968
986
1004
600
610
620
630
640
1112
1130
1148
1166
1184
550
560
570
580
590
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720
730
740
750
760
770
780
790
800
810
820
830
840
850
860
870
880
890
900° to 3000°
1022
1040
1058
1076
1094
1202
1220
1238
1256
1274
1292
1310
1328
1346
1364
1382
1400
1418
1436
1454
1472
1490
1508
1526
1544
1562
1580
1598
1616
1634
482
488
493
499
504
F
C
F
900
910
920
930
940
1652
1670
1688
1706
1724
538
549
560
571
582
1000
1020
1040
1060
1080
1832
1868
1904
1940
1976
649
660
671
682
693
1200
1220
1240
1260
1280
843
871
899
927
954
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
593
604
616
627
638
704
732
760
788
816
982
1010
1038
1066
1093
1121
1149
1177
1204
1232
1260
1288
1316
1343
1371
1399
1427
1454
1482
1510
1538
1566
1593
1621
1649
950
960
970
980
990
1100
1120
1140
1160
1180
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1800
1850
1900
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2300
2350
2400
2450
2500
2550
2600
2650
2700
2750
2800
2850
2900
2950
3000
1742
1760
1778
1796
1814
2012
2048
2084
2120
2156
2192
2228
2264
2300
2336
2372
2462
2552
2642
2732
2822
2912
3002
3092
3182
3272
3362
3452
3542
3632
3722
3812
3902
3992
4082
4172
4262
4352
4442
4532
4622
4712
4802
4892
4982
5072
5162
5252
5342
5432
A-3
Conversions: Flow Rate
Velocity in Feet per Second.
Find the volume flow rate (gallons per minute) in the left hand column, read the velocity flow rate (feet per second) for a specific
line size in the right hand column. (Based on Schedule 40 pipe.)
GPM
0.03
0.05
0.10
0.25
0.50
0.75
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
1,800
2,000
2,500
A-4
Line Size
1”
0.011
0.019
0.037
0.093
0.186
0.279
0.371
0.743
1.114
1.485
1.857
2.228
2.971
3.713
5.570
7.427
9.283
Line Size
1 1/4”
0.011
0.021
0.054
0.107
0.161
0.214
0.428
0.643
0.857
1.071
1.285
1.714
2.142
3.213
4.285
5.356
6.427
7.498
8.569
9.640
10.712
Line Size
1 1/2”
0.008
0.016
0.039
0.079
0.118
0.158
0.315
0.473
0.630
0.788
0.945
1.261
1.576
2.364
3.151
3.939
4.727
5.515
6.303
7.091
7.878
9.454
11.030
Line Size
2”
0.010
0.024
0.048
0.072
0.095
0.191
0.286
0.382
0.477
0.573
0.764
0.955
1.432
1.910
2.387
2.865
3.342
3.820
4.297
4.775
5.730
6.685
7.640
9.550
Line Size
2 1/2”
0.007
0.017
0.034
.0050
0.067
0.134
0.201
0.268
0.335
0.402
0.537
0.671
1.006
1.341
1.677
2.012
2.347
2.683
3.018
3.353
4.024
4.695
5.365
6.707
8.384
10.060
11.737
Line Size
3”
0.011
0.022
0.033
0.043
0.087
0.130
0.174
0.217
0.261
0.347
0.434
0.651
0.869
1.086
1.303
1.520
1.737
1.954
2.172
2.606
3.040
3.474
4.343
5.429
6.515
7.600
8.686
9.772
10.858
11.944
Line Size
4”
0.013
0.019
0.025
0.050
0.076
0.101
0.126
0.151
0.202
0.252
0.378
0.504
0.630
0.756
0.882
1.008
1.134
1.260
1.512
1.764
2.016
2.520
3.150
3.781
4.411
5.041
5.671
6.301
6.931
7.561
8.191
8.821
9.451
10.081
10.712
Line Size
5”
0.012
0.016
0.032
0.048
0.064
0.080
0.096
0.128
0.160
0.240
0.321
0.401
0.481
0.561
0.641
0.721
0.801
0.962
1.122
1.282
1.603
2.004
2.404
2.805
3.206
3.606
4.007
4.408
4.809
5.209
5.610
6.011
6.412
6.812
7.213
7.614
8.014
8.816
9.617
10.419
Line Size
6”
0.011
0.022
0.033
0.044
0.056
0.067
0.089
0.111
0.167
0.222
0.278
0.333
0.389
0.444
0.500
0.555
0.666
0.777
0.889
1.111
1.388
1.666
1.944
2.221
2.499
2.777
3.054
3.332
3.610
3.887
4.165
4.443
4.720
4.998
5.276
5.553
6.109
6.664
7.219
7.775
8.330
8.885
9.441
9.996
10.551
Line Size
8”
0.013
0.019
0.026
0.032
0.038
0.051
0.064
0.096
0.128
0.160
0.192
0.224
0.257
0.289
0.321
0.385
0.449
0.513
0.641
0.802
0.962
1.122
1.283
1.443
1.603
1.764
1.924
2.084
2.245
2.405
2.565
2.726
2.886
3.046
3.207
3.527
3.848
4.169
4.489
4.810
5.131
5.451
5.772
6.093
6.413
7.055
7.696
8.337
8.979
9.620
10.261
Line Size
10”
0.012
0.016
0.020
0.024
0.033
0.041
0.061
0.081
0.102
.0122
0.142
0.163
0.183
0.203
0.244
0.285
0.326
0.407
0.509
0.610
0.712
0.814
0.916
1.017
1.119
1.221
1.323
1.424
1.526
1.628
1.730
1.831
1.933
2.035
2.238
2.442
2.645
2.849
3.052
3.256
3.459
3.662
3.866
4.069
4.476
4.883
5.290
5.697
6.104
6.511
7.325
8.139
10.174
Conversions: Flow Rate (cont.)
Velocity in Meters per Second
Find the volume flow rate (cubic meters per hour) in the left hand column, read the velocity flow rate (meters per second) for a
specific line size in the right hand column. (Based on Schedule 40 pipe.)
m /hr
3
0.02
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.75
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
7.0
8.0
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Line Size
1”
0.010
0.025
0.050
0.075
0.100
0.125
0.149
0.174
0.199
0.249
0.374
0.498
0.747
0.997
1.246
1.495
1.744
1.993
2.242
2.492
2.741
Line Size
1 1/4”
0.014
0.029
0.043
0.057
0.072
0.086
0.101
0.115
0.144
0.216
0.287
0.431
0.575
0.719
0.862
1.006
1.150
1.294
1.437
1.581
1.725
2.012
2.300
2.875
Line Size
1 1/2”
0.011
0.021
0.032
0.042
0.053
0.063
0.074
0.085
0.106
0.159
0.211
0.317
0.423
0.529
0.634
0.740
0.846
0.952
1.057
1.163
1.269
1.480
1.692
2.114
2.537
Line Size
2”
0.013
0.019
0.026
0.032
0.038
0.045
0.051
0.064
0.096
0.128
0.192
0.256
0.320
0.384
0.449
0.513
0.577
0.641
0.705
0.769
0.897
1.025
1.282
1.538
1.794
2.050
2.307
2.563
2.819
Line Size
2 1/2”
0.009
0.014
0.018
0.023
0.027
0.032
0.036
0.045
0.068
0.090
0.135
0.180
0.225
0.270
0.315
0.360
0.405
0.450
0.495
0.540
0.630
0.720
0.900
1.080
1.250
1.440
1.620
1.800
1.980
2.160
2.340
2.520
2.700
2.880
3.060
Line Size
3”
0.009
0.012
0.015
0.017
0.020
0.023
0.029
0.044
0.058
0.087
0.117
0.146
0.175
0.204
0.233
0.262
0.291
0.321
0.350
0.048
0.466
0.583
0.699
0.815
0.933
1.049
1.166
1.282
1.399
1.515
1.632
1.748
1.865
1.982
2.098
2.215
2.331
2.623
2.914
3.205
Line Size
4”
0.007
0.008
0.010
0.012
0.014
0.017
0.025
0.034
0.051
0.068
0.085
0.101
0.118
0.135
0.152
0.169
0.186
0.203
0.237
0.271
0.338
0.406
0.474
0.541
0.609
0.676
0.744
0.812
0.879
0.947
1.015
1.082
1.150
1.218
1.285
1.353
1.522
1.691
1.860
2.029
2.198
2.368
2.537
2.706
3.044
Line Size
5”
0.005
0.006
0.008
0.009
0.011
0.016
0.022
0.032
0.043
0.054
0.065
0.075
0.086
0.097
0.108
0.118
0.129
0.151
0.172
0.215
0.258
0.301
0.344
0.387
0.430
0.473
0.516
0.559
0.602
0.645
0.688
0.731
0.774
0.817
0.860
0.968
1.075
1.183
1.291
1.398
1.506
1.613
1.721
1.936
2.151
2.581
3.011
Line Size
6”
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.011
0.015
0.022
0.030
0.037
0.045
0.052
0.060
0.067
0.075
0.082
0.089
0.104
0.119
0.149
0.179
0.209
0.238
0.268
0.298
0.328
0.358
0.388
0.417
0.447
0.477
0.507
0.537
0.566
0.596
0.671
0.745
0.820
0.894
0.969
1.043
1.118
1.192
1.341
1.490
1.789
2.087
2.385
2.683
Line Size
8”
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.006
0.009
0.013
0.017
0.022
0.026
0.030
0.034
0.039
0.043
0.047
0.052
0.060
0.069
0.086
0.103
0.120
0.138
0.155
0.172
0.189
0.207
0.224
0.241
0.258
0.275
0.293
0.310
0.327
0.344
0.387
0.430
0.473
0.516
0.559
0.602
0.645
0.689
0.775
0.861
1.033
1.205
1.377
1.549
1.721
2.152
2.582
3.012
Line Size
10”
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.008
0.011
0.014
0.016
0.019
0.022
0.025
0.027
0.030
0.033
0.038
0.044
0.055
0.066
0.076
0.087
0.098
0.109
0.120
0.131
0.142
0.153
0.164
0.175
0.186
0.197
0.208
0.218
0.246
0.273
0.300
0.328
0.355
0.382
0.410
0.437
0.491
0.546
0.655
0.765
0.874
0.983
1.092
1.365
1.638
1.911
2.184
2.457
2.730
A-5
Conversions: Miscellaneous
TO CONVERT
INTO
A
MULTIPLY BY
acres
“
“
“
acre-feet
“
amperes/sq. cm.
“
amperes/sq. in.
“
amperes/sq. meter
“
ampere-hours
“
ampere-turns
ampere-turns/cm.
“
“
ampere-turns/in.
“
“
ampere-turns/meter
“
“
ares
“
atmospheres
“
“
“
“
“
“
sq. feet
43,560.0
sq. meters
4,047.0
sq. miles
1.562 x 10-3
sq. yards
4,840.0
cu. feet
43,560.0
gallons
3.259 x 105
amps./sq. in.
6.452
amps/sq. meter
104
amps/sq. cm.
0.1550
amps/sq. meter
1,550.0
amps/sq. cm.
10 4
amps/sq. in.
6.452 x 10-4
coulombs
3,600.0
faradays
0.03731
gilberts
1.257
amp-turns/in.
2.540
amp-turns/meter
100.0
gilberts/cm.
1.257
amp-turns/cm.
0.3937
amp-turns/meter
39.37
gilberts/cm.
0.4950
amp-turns/cm.
0.01
amp-turns/in.
0.0254
gilberts/cm.
0.01257
acres
0.02471
sq. meters
100.0
cms. of mercury
76.0
ft. of water (at 4°C)
33.90
in. of mercury (at 0°C)
29.92
kgs./sq. cm.
1.0333
kgs./sq. meter
10,332.0
pounds/sq. in.
14.70
tons/sq. ft.
1.058
barrels (oil)
bars
“
“
“
“
Btu
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
Btu/hr.
“
“
“
Btu/min.
“
“
“
gallons (oil)
atmospheres
dynes/sq. cm.
kgs./sq. meter
pounds/sq. ft.
pounds/sq. in.
ergs
foot-lbs.
gram-calories
horsepower-hrs.
joules
kilogram-calories
kilogram-meters
kilowatt-hrs.
foot-pounds/sec.
gram-cal./sec.
horsepower-hrs.
watts
foot-lbs./sec.
horsepower
kilowatts
watts
Btu/sq. ft./min.
bushels
“
“
“
“
“
“
A-6
-
B
watts/sq. in.
cu. ft.
cu. in.
cu. meters
liters
pecks
pints (dry)
quarts (dry)
42.0
0.9869
1
1.020 x 104
2,089.0
14.50
1.0550 x 1010
778.3
252.0
3.931 x 10-4
1,054.8
0.2520
107.5
2.928 x 10-4
0.2162
0.0700
3.929 x 10-4
0.2931
12.96
0.02356
0.01757
17.57
0.1221
1.2445
2,150.4
0.03524
35.24
4.0
64.0
32.0
TO CONVERT
INTO
C
centares (centiares) sq. meters
Centigrade
Fahrenheit
centigrams
grams
centiliters
liters
centimeters
feet
“
inches
“
kilometers
“
meters
“
miles
“
millimeters
“
mils
“
yards
centimeter-dynes
cm.-grams
“
meter-kgs.
“
pound-feet
centimeter-grams
cm.-dynes
“
meter-kgs.
“
pound-feet
centimeters
of mercury
atmospheres
“
feet of water
“
kgs./sq. meter
“
pounds/sq. ft.
“
pounds/sq. in.
centimeters/sec.
feet/min.
“
feet/sec.
“
kilometers/hr.
“
knots
“
meters/min.
“
miles/hr.
“
miles/min.
centimeters/sec./sec. feet/sec./sec.
“
kms./hr./sec.
“
meters/sec./sec.
“
miles/hr./sec.
circular mils
sq. cms.
“
sq. mils
“
sq. inches
coulombs
faradays
coulombs/sq. cm.
coulombs/sq. in.
“
coulombs/sq. meter
coulombs/sq. in.
coulombs/sq. cm.
“
coulombs/sq. meter
coulombs/sq. meter coulombs/sq. cm.
“
coulombs/sq. in.
cubic centimeters
cu. feet
“
cu. inches
“
cu. meters
“
cu. yards
“
gallons (U.S. liq.)
“
liters
“
pints (U.S. liq.)
“
quarts (U.S. liq.)
cubic feet
bushels (dry)
“
cu. cms.
“
cu. inches
“
cu. meters
“
cu. yards
“
gallons (U.S. liq.)
“
liters
“
pints (U.S. liq.)
“
quarts (U.S. liq.)
cubic feet/min.
cu. cms./sec.
“
gallons/sec.
“
liters/sec.
“
pounds of water/min.
MULTIPLY BY
1.0
(C° x 9/5) + 32
0.01
0.01
3.281 x 10-2
0.3937
10-5
0.01
6.214 x 10-6
10.0
393.7
1.094 x 10-2
1.020 x 10-3
1.020 x 10-8
7.376 x 10-8
980.7
10-5
7.233 x 10-5
0.01310
0.4401
136.0
27.85
0.1934
1.1969
0.03281
0.036
0.1943
0.6
0.02237
3.728 x 10-4
0.03281
0.036
0.01
0.02237
5.067 x 10-6
0.7854
7.854 x 10-7
1.036 x 10-5
64.52
104
0.1550
1,550.0
10-4
6.452 x 10-4
3.531 x 10-5
0.06102
10-6
1.308 x 10-6
2.642 x 10-4
0.001
2.113 x 10-3
1.057 x 10-3
0.8036
28,320.0
1,728.0
0.02832
0.03704
7.48052
28.32
59.84
29.92
472.0
0.1247
0.4720
62.43
Conversions: Miscellaneous (cont.)
TO CONVERT
cubic
“
cubic
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
cubic
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
cubic
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
cubic
“
“
feet/sec.
inches
meters
yards
yards/min.
INTO
C (cont.)
million gals./day
gallons/min.
cu. cms.
cu. feet
cu. meters
cu. yards
gallons (U.S. liq.)
liters
mil.-ft.
pints (U.S. liq.)
quarts (U.S. liq.)
bushels (dry)
cu. cms.
cu. feet
cu. inches
cu. yards
gallons (U.S. liq.)
liters
pints (U.S. liq.)
quarts (U.S. liq.)
cu. cms.
cu. feet
cu. inches
cu. meters
gallons (U.S. liq.)
liters
pints (U.S. liq.)
quarts (U.S. liq.)
cubic ft./sec.
gallons/sec.
liters/sec.
D
MULTIPLY BY
0.646317
448.831
16.39
5.787 x 10-4
1.639 x 10-5
2.143 x 10-5
4.329 x 10-3
0.01639
1.061 x 105
0.03463
0.01732
28.38
106
35.31
61,023.0
1.308
264.2
103
2,113.0
1,057.0
7.646 x 105
27.0
46,656.0
0.7646
202.0
764.6
1,615.9
807.9
0.45
3.367
12.74
days
“
“
decigrams
deciliters
decimeters
degrees (angle)
“
“
“
degrees/sec.
“
“
dekagrams
dekaliters
dekameters
drams
“
“
dynes
“
“
“
“
“
dynes/sq. cm.
dynes/sq. meters
hours
24.0
minutes
1,440.0
seconds
86,400.0
grams
0.1
liters
0.1
meters
0.1
minutes
60.0
quadrants
0.01111
radians
0.01745
seconds
3,600.0
radians/sec.
0.01745
revolutions/min.
0.1667
revolutions/sec.
2.778 x 10-3
grams
10.0
liters
10.0
meters
10.0
grams
1.7718
grains
27.3437
ounces
0.0625
grams
1.020 x 10-3
joules/cm.
107
joules/meter (newtons)
10-5
kilograms
1.020 x 10-6
poundals
7.233 x 10-5
pounds
2.248 x 10-6
bars
1
bars
10-4
ergs
“
“
“
Btu
dyne-centimeters
foot-pounds
gram-calories
E
9.480 x 10-11
1.0
7.378 x 10-8
2.389 x 10-8
TO CONVERT
INTO
E (cont.)
MULTIPLY BY
ergs (continued)
“
“
“
“
“
“
ergs/sec.
“
“
“
“
“
gram-cms.
horsepower-hrs.
joules
kg.-calories
kg.-meters
kilowatt-hrs.
watt-hours
Btu/min.
ft.-lbs./min.
ft.-lbs./sec.
horsepower
kg.-calories/min.
kilowatts
1.020 x 10-3
3.7250 x 10-14
10-7
2.389 x 10-11
1.020 x 10-8
0.2778 x 10-13
0.2778 x 10-10
5,688.0 x 10-9
4.427 x 10-6
7.3756 x 10-8
1.341 x 10-10
1.433 x 10-9
10-10
farads
faradays
“
fathoms
feet
“
“
“
“
“
“
feet of water
“
“
“
“
“
feet/min.
“
“
“
“
feet/sec.
“
“
“
“
“
feet/sec./sec.
“
“
“
feet/100 feet
foot-pounds
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
foot-pounds/min.
“
“
“
“
foot-pounds/sec.
“
“
“
“
furlongs
“
microfarads
ampere-hours
coulombs
feet
centimeters
kilometers
meters
miles (naut.)
miles (stat.)
millimeters
mils
atmospheres
in. of mercury
kgs./sq. cm.
kgs./sq. meter
pounds/sq. ft.
pounds/sq. in.
cms./sec.
feet/sec.
kms./hr.
meters/min.
miles/hr.
cms./sec.
kms./hr.
knots
meters/min.
miles/hr.
miles/min.
cms./sec./sec.
kms./hr./sec.
meters/sec./sec.
miles/hr./sec.
per cent grade
Btu
ergs
grams-calories
hp-hrs.
joules
kg.-calories
kg.-meters
kilowatt-hrs.
Btu/min.
foot-pounds/sec.
horsepower
kg.-calories/min.
kilowatts
Btu/hr.
Btu/min.
horsepower
kg.-calories/min.
kilowatts
rods
feet
106
26.80
9.649 x 104
6.0
30.48
3.048 x 10-4
0.3048
1.645 x 10-4
1.894 x 10-4
304.8
1.2 x 104
0.02950
0.8826
0.03048
304.8
62.43
0.4335
0.5080
0.01667
0.01829
0.3048
0.01136
30.48
1.097
0.5921
18.29
0.6818
0.01136
30.48
1.097
0.3048
0.6818
1.0
1.286 x 10-3
1.356 x 107
0.3238
5.050 x 10-7
1.356
3.24 x 10-4
0.1383
3.766 x 10-7
1.286 x 10-3
0.01667
3.030 x 10-5
3.24 x 10-4
2.260 x 10-5
4.6263
0.07717
1.818 x 10-3
0.01945
1.356 x 10-3
40.0
660.0
F
A-7
TO CONVERT
gallons
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
gallons (liq. Br. Imp.)
gallons (U.S.)
gallons of water
gallons/min.
“
“
gausses
“
“
“
gilberts
gilberts/cm.
“
“
gils
“
grains (troy)
“
“
“
grains/U.S. gal.
“
grains/Imp. gal.
grams
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
grams/cm.
grams/cu. cm.
“
“
grams/liter
“
“
“
grams/sq. cm.
gram-calories
“
“
“
“
“
gram-calories/sec.
gram-centimeters
“
“
“
“
A-8
INTO
G
MULTIPLY BY
cu. cms.
3,785.0
cu. feet
0.1337
cu. inches
231.0
cu. meters
3.785 x 10-3
cu. yards
4.951 x 10-3
liters
3.785
pints
8.0
quarts
4.0
gallons (U.S. liq.)
1.20095
gallons (Imp.)
0.83267
pounds of water
8.3453
cu. ft./sec.
2.228 x 10-3
liters/sec.
0.06308
cu. ft./hr.
8.0208
lines/sq. in.
6.452
webers/sq. cm.
10-8
webers/sq. in.
6.452 x 10-8
webers/sq. meter
10-4
ampere-turns
0.7958
amp-turns/cm.
0.7958
amp-turns/in.
2.021
amp-turns/meter
79.58
liters
0.1183
pints (liq.)
0.25
grains (avdp.)
1.0
grams
0.06480
ounces (avdp.)
2.0833 x 10-3
pennyweight (troy)
0.04167
parts/million
17.118
pounds/million gal.
142.86
parts/million
14.286
dynes
980.7
grains
15.43
joules/cm
9.807 x 10-5
9.807 x 10-3
kilograms
10-3
milligrams
103
ounces (avdp.)
0.03527
ounces (troy)
0.03215
poundals
0.07093
pounds
2.205 x 10-3
pounds/inch
5.600 x 10-3
pounds/cu. ft.
62.43
pounds/cu. in.
0.03613
pounds/mil.-foot
3.405 x 10-7
grains/gal.
58.417
pounds/1,000 gal.
8.345
pounds/cu. ft.
0.062427
parts/million
1,000.0
pounds/sq. ft.
2.0481
Btu
3.9683 x 10-3
ergs
4.1868 x 107
foot-pounds
3.0880
horsepower-hrs.
1.5596 x 10-6
kilowatt-hrs.
1.1630 x 10-6
watt-hrs.
1.1630 x 10-3
Btu/hr.
14.286
Btu
9.297 x 10-8
ergs
980.7
joules
9.807 x 10-5
kg.-cal.
2.343 x 10-8
kg-meters
10-5
TO CONVERT
INTO
H
MULTIPLY BY
hectares
“
hectograms
hectoliters
hectometers
hectowatts
henries
horsepower
"
"
horsepower (metric)
(542.5 ft. lb./sec.)
horsepower
(550 ft. lb./sec.)
horsepower
“
“
horsepower (boiler)
“
horsepower-hrs.
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
hours
“
“
“
acres
2.471
sq. foot
1.076 x 105
grams
100.0
liters
100.0
meters
100.0
watts
100.0
millihenries
103
Btu/min.
42.44
foot-lbs./min.
33,000.0
foot-lbs./sec.
550.0
horsepower
(550 ft. lb./sec.)
0.9863
horsepower (metric)
(542.5 ft. lb./sec.)
1.014
kg.-calories/min.
10.68
kilowatts
0.7457
watts
745.7
Btu/hr.
33.479
kilowatts
9.803
Btu
2,547.0
ergs
2.6845 x 1013
foot-lbs.
1.98 x 106
gram-calories
641,190.0
joules
2.694 x 106
kg.-calories
641.1
kg.-meters
2.737 x 105
kilowatt-hrs.
0.7457
days
4.167 x 10-2
minutes
60.0
seconds
3,600.0
weeks
5.952 x 10-3
inches
“
“
“
“
“
“
inches of mercury
“
“
“
“
“
inches of water
(at 4°C)
“
“
“
“
“
centimeters
feet
meters
miles
millimeters
mils
yards
atmospheres
feet of water
kgs./sq. cm.
kgs./sq. meter
pounds/sq. ft.
pounds/sq. in.
joules
“
“
“
“
“
joules/cm.
“
“
“
“
Btu
ergs
foot-pounds
kg.-calories
kg.-meters
watt-hrs.
grams
dynes
poundals
pounds
I
atmospheres
inches of mercury
kgs./sq. cm.
ounces/sq. in.
pounds/sq. ft.
pounds/sq. in.
J
2.540
8.333 x 10-2
2.540 x 10-2
1.578 x 10-5
25.40
103
2.778 x 10-2
0.03342
1.133
0.03453
345.3
70.73
0.4912
2.458 x 10-3
0.07355
2.540 x 10-3
0.5781
5.204
0.03613
9.480 x
107
0.7376
2.389 x
0.1020
2.778 x
1.020 x
107
100.0
723.3
22.48
10-4
10-4
10-4
10-4
TO CONVERT
kilograms
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
kilograms/cu. meter
“
“
“
kilograms/meter
kilograms/sq. cm.
“
“
“
“
kilograms/sq. meter
“
“
“
“
“
kilograms/sq. mm.
kilogram-calories
“
“
“
“
“
“
kilogram meters
“
“
“
“
“
kilolines
kiloliters
kilometers
“
“
“
“
“
“
kilometers/hr.
“
“
“
“
“
kilometers/hrs./sec.
“
“
“
kilopascals
“
“
“
“
“
“
kilowatts
“
“
INTO
K
MULTIPLY BY
dynes
980,665.0
grams
103
joules/cm.
0.09807
9.807
poundals
70.93
pounds
2.205
tons (long)
9.842 x 10-4
tons (short)
1.102 x 10-3
grams/cu. cm.
0.001
pounds/cu. ft.
0.06243
pounds/cu. in.
3.613 x 10-5
pounds/mil.-foot
3.405 x 10-10
pounds/ft.
0.6720
atmospheres
0.9678
feet of water
32.81
inches of mercury
28.96
pounds/sq. ft.
2,048.0
pounds/sq. in.
14.22
atmospheres
9.678 x 10-5
bars
98.07 x 10-6
feet of water
32.81 x 10-3
inches of mercury
2.896 x 10-3
pounds/sq. ft.
0.2048
pounds/sq. in.
1.422 x 10-3
kgs./sq. meter
106
Btu
3.968
foot-pounds
3,088.0
hp-hrs.
1.560 x 10-7
joules
4,186.0
kg.-meters
426.9
kilojoules
4.186
kilowatt-hrs.
1.163 x 10-3
Btu
9.294 x 10-3
ergs
9.804 x 107
foot-pounds
7.233
joules
9.804
kg.-calories
2.342 x 10-3
kilowatt-hrs.
2.723 x 10-6
maxwells
103
liters
103
centimeters
105
feet
3,281.0
inches
3.937 x 104
meters
103
miles
0.6214
millimeters
106
yards
1,094.0
cms./sec.
27.78
feet/min.
54.68
feet/sec.
0.9113
knots
0.5396
meters/min.
16.67
miles/hr.
0.6214
cms./sec./sec.
27.78
ft./sec./sec.
0.9113
meters/sec./sec.
0.2778
miles/hr./sec.
0.6214
atmospheres
9.87x10-3
feet of water
0.335
inches of Hg
0.296
kgs/sq. meter
1.02x102
pounds/sq. ft.
20.9
pounds/sq. in.
0.145
torr
7.5
Btu/min.
56.92
foot-lbs./min.
4.426 x 104
foot-lbs./sec.
737.6
TO CONVERT
kilowatts (cont.)
“
“
kilowatt-hrs.
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
INTO
K (cont.)
MULTIPLY BY
knots
“
“
“
“
“
horsepower
1.341
kg.-calories/min.
14.34
watts
103
Btu
3,413.0
ergs
3.600 x 1013
foot-lbs.
2.655 x 106
gram-calories
859,850.0
horsepower-hrs.
1.341
joules
3.6 x 106
kg.-calories
860.5
kg.-meters
3.671 x 105
pounds of water
evaporated from and
at 212°F
3.53
pounds of water raised
from 62° to 212°F
22.75
feet/hr.
6,080.0
kilometers/hr.
1.8532
nautical miles/hr.
1.0
statute miles/hr.
1.151
yards/hr.
2,027.0
feet/sec.
1.689
league
lines/sq. cm.
lines/sq. in.
“
“
“
links (engineer’s)
links (surveyor’s)
liters
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
liters/min.
“
lumens/sq. ft.
lux
miles (approx.)
gausses
gausses
webers/sq. cm.
webers/sq. in.
webers/sq. meter
inches
inches
bushels (U.S. dry)
cu. cm.
cu. feet
cu. inches
cu. meters
cu. yards
gallons (U.S. liq.)
pints (U.S. liq.)
quarts (U.S. liq.)
cu. ft./sec.
gals./sec.
foot-candles
foot-candles
3.0
1.0
0.1550
1.550 x 10-9
10-8
1.550 x 10-5
12.0
7.92
0.02838
103
0.03531
61.02
0.001
1.308 x 10-3
0.2642
2.113
1.057
5.886 x 10-4
4.403 x 10-3
1.0
0.0929
maxwells
“
megalines
megohms
“
meters
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
meters/min.
“
“
“
“
kilolines
webers
maxwells
microhms
ohms
centimeters
feet
inches
kilometers
miles (naut.)
miles (stat.)
millimeters
yards
varas
cms./sec.
feet/min.
feet/sec.
kms./hr.
knots
10-3
10-8
106
1012
106
102
3.281
39.37
0.001
5.396 x 10-4
6.214 x 10-4
103
1.094
1.179
1.667
3.281
0.5468
0.06
0.03238
“
L
M
A-9
TO CONVERT
meters/min. (cont.)
meters/sec.
“
“
“
“
meters/sec./sec.
“
“
“
meter-kilograms
“
“
microfarad
micrograms
microhms
“
microliters
microns
miles (naut.)
“
“
“
“
miles (statute)
“
“
“
“
“
“
miles/hr.
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
miles/hr./sec.
“
“
“
miles/min.
“
“
“
“
mil-feet
milliers
milligrams
milligrams/liter
millihenries
milliliters
millimeters
“
“
“
“
“
“
million gals./day
mils
“
“
“
A - 10
INTO
M (cont.)
miles/hr.
feet/min.
feet/sec.
kilometers/hr.
miles/hr.
miles/min.
cms./sec./sec.
ft./sec./sec.
kms./hr./sec.
miles/hr./sec.
cm.-dynes
cm.-grams
pound-feet
farads
grams
megohms
ohms
liters
meters
feet
kilometers
meters
miles (statute)
yards
centimeters
feet
inches
kilometers
meters
miles (naut.)
yards
cm./sec.
feet/min.
feet/sec.
kms./hr.
kms./min.
knots
meters/min.
miles/min.
cms./sec./sec.
feet/sec./sec.
kms./hr./sec.
meters/sec./sec.
cms./sec.
feet/sec.
kms./min.
miles (naut.)/min.
miles/hr.
cu. inches
kilograms
grams
parts/million
henries
liters
centimeters
feet
inches
meters
miles
mils
yards
cu. ft./sec.
centimeters
feet
inches
kilometers
MULTIPLY BY
0.03728
196.8
3.281
3.6
2.237
0.03728
102
3.281
3.6
2.237
9.807 x 107
105
7.233
10-6
10-6
10-12
10-6
10-6
10-6
6,080.27
1.853
1,853.00
1.1516
2,027.0
1.609 x 105
5,280.0
6.336 x 104
1.609
1,609.0
0.8684
1,760.0
44.70
88.0
1.467
1.609
0.02682
0.8684
26.82
0.01667
44.70
1.467
1.609
0.4470
2,682.0
88.0
1.609
0.8684
60.0
9.425 x 10-6
103
10-3
1.0
10-3
10-3
0.1
3.281 x 10-3
0.03937
0.001
6.214 x 10-7
39.37
1.094 x 10-3
1.54723
2.540 x 10-3
8.333 x 10-5
0.001
2.540 x 10-8
TO CONVERT
mils (cont.)
miner’s inches
minutes (angles)
“
“
“
myriameters
myriawatts
INTO
M (cont.)
yards
cu. ft./min.
degrees
quadrants
radians
seconds
kilograms
kilometers
kilowatts
2.778 x 10-5
1.5
0.01667
1.852 x 10-4
2.909 x 10-4
60.0 myriagrams
10.0
10.0
N
nepers
decibels
ohms
ohms
ounces
“
“
“
“
“
“
ounces (fluid)
“
ounces (troy)
“
“
“
“
megohms
microhms
drams
grains
grams
pounds
ounces (troy)
tons (long)
tons (metric)
cu. inches
liters
grains
grams
ounces (avdp.)
pennyweights (troy)
pounds (troy)
ounces/sq. in.
MULTIPLY BY
O
pounds/sq. in.
P
10.0
8.686
10-6
106
16.0
437.5
28.349527
0.0625
0.9115
2.790 x 10-5
2.834 x 10-5
1.805
0.2957
480.0
31.103481
1.09714
20.0
0.08333
0.0625
parts/million
grains/U.S. gal.
0.0584
“
grains/Imp. gal.
0.07016
“
pounds/million gal.
8.345
pascals
millibar
10-2
“
pounds/sq. ft.
2.09 x 10-2
“
pounds/sq. in.
1.45 x 10-4
“
torr
7.5 x 10-3
“
in.Hg
2.96 x 10-4
pennyweights (troy) grains
24.0
“
ounces (troy)
0.05
“
grams
1.55517
“
pounds (troy)
4.1667 x 10-3
pints (dry)
cu. inches
33.60
pints (liq.)
cu. cms.
473.2
“
cu. feet
0.01671
“
cu. inches
28.87
“
cu. meters
4.732 x 10-4
“
cu. yards
6.189 x 10-4
“
gallons
0.125
“
liters
0.4732
“
quarts (liq.)
0.5
poundals
dynes
13,826.0
“
grams
14.10
“
joules/cm.
1.383 x 10-3
“
0.1383
“
kilograms
0.01410
“
pounds
0.03108
pounds
drams
256.0
“
dynes
44.4823 x 104
“
grains
7,000.0
“
grams
453.5924
“
joules/cm.
0.04448
“
joules/meter (newton)
4.448
TO CONVERT
INTO
P (cont.)
pounds (cont.)
“
“
“
“
“
pounds (troy)
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
pounds of water
“
“
pounds of water/min.
pounds-feet
“
“
pounds/cu. ft.
“
“
“
pounds/cu. in.
“
“
“
pounds/ft.
pounds/in.
pounds/mil.-foot
pounds/sq. ft.
“
“
“
“
pounds/sq. in.
“
“
“
“
“
kilograms
ounces
ounces (troy)
poundals
pounds (troy)
tons (short)
grains
grams
ounces (avdp.)
ounces (troy)
pennyweights (troy)
pounds (avdp.)
tons (long)
tons (metric)
tons (short)
cu. feet
cu. inches
gallons
cu. ft./sec.
cm.-dynes
cm.-grams
meter-kgs.
grams/cu. cm.
kgs./cu. meter
pounds/cu. in.
pounds/mil.-ft.
gms./cu. cm.
kgs./cu. meter
pounds/cu. ft.
pounds/mil.-foot
kgs./meter
gms./cm.
gms./cu. cm.
atmospheres
feet of water
inches of mercury
kgs./sq. meter
pounds/sq. in.
atmospheres
feet of water
inches of mercury
kgs./sq. meter
pounds/sq. ft.
kilopascal
quadrants (angle)
“
“
“
degrees
minutes
radians
seconds
Q
quarts (dry)
quarts (liq.)
“
“
“
“
“
“
cu. inches
cu. cms.
cu. feet
cu. inches
cu. meters
cu. yards
gallons
liters
radians
“
“
“
radians/sec.
“
degrees
minutes
quadrants
seconds
degrees sec.
revolutions/min.
R
MULTIPLY BY
0.4536
16.0
14.5833
32.17
1.21528
0.0005
5,760.0
373.24177
13.1657
12.0 pounds (troy)
240.0
0.822857
3.6735 x 10-4
3.7324 x 10-4
4.1143 x 10-4
0.01602
27.68
0.1198
2.670 x 10-4
1.356 x 107
13,825.0
0.1383
0.01602
16.02
5.787 x 10-4
5.456 x 10-9
27.68
2.768 x 104
1,728.0
9.425 x 10-6
1.488
178.6
2.306 x 106
4.725 x 10-4
0.01602
0.01414
4.882
6.944 x 10-3
0.06804
2.307
2.036
703.1
144.0
6.8948
90.0
5,400.0
1.571
3.24 x 105
67.20
946.4
0.03342
57.75
9.464 x 10-4
1.238 x 10-3
0.25
0.9463
57.30
3,438.0
0.6366
2.063 x 105
57.30
9.549
TO CONVERT
INTO
R (cont.)
MULTIPLY BY
radians/sec. (cont.)
radians/sec./sec.
“
“
revolutions
“
“
revolutions/min.
“
“
revolutions/min./min.
“
“
revolutions/sec.
“
“
revolutions/sec./sec.
“
“
rods
revolutions/sec.
revs./min./min.
revs./min./sec.
revs./sec./sec.
degrees
quadrants
radians
degrees/sec.
radians/sec.
revs./sec.
radians/sec./sec.
revs./min./sec.
revs./sec./sec.
degrees/sec.
radians/sec.
revs./min.
radians/sec./sec.
revs./min./min.
revs./min./sec.
feet
0.1592
573.0
9.549
0.1592
360.0
4.00
6.283
6.0
0.1047
0.01667
1.745 x 10-3
0.01667
2.778 x 10-4
360.0
6.283
60.0
6.283
3,600.0
60.0
16.5
seconds (angle)
“
“
“
square centimeters
“
“
“
“
“
“
square feet
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
square inches
“
“
“
“
“
square kilometers
“
“
“
“
“
“
square meters
“
“
“
“
“
“
square miles
“
“
“
“
degrees
minutes
quadrants
radians
circular mils
sq. feet
sq. inches
sq. meters
sq. miles
sq. millimeters
sq. yards
acre
circular mils
sq. cms.
sq. inches
sq. meters
sq. miles
sq. millimeters
sq. yards
circular mils
sq. cms.
sq. feet
sq. millimeters
sq. mils
sq. yards
acres
sq. cms.
sq. ft.
sq. inches
sq. meters
sq. miles
sq.yards
acres
sq. cms.
sq. feet
sq. inches
sq. miles
sq. millimeters
sq. yards
acres
sq. feet
sq. kms.
sq. meters
sq. yards
2.778 x 10-4
0.01667
3.087 x 10-6
4.848 x 10-6
1.973 x 105
1.076 x 10-3
0.1550
0.0001
3.861 x 10-11
100.0
1.196 x 10-4
2.296 x 10-5
1.833 x 108
929.0
144.0
0.09290
3.587 x 10-8
9.290 x 104
0.1111
1.273 x 106
6.452
6.944 x 10-3
645.2
106
7.716 x 10-4
247.1
1010
10.76 x 106
1.550 x 109
106
0.3861
1.196 x 106
2.471 x 10-4
104
10.76
1,550.0
3.861 x 10-7
106
1.196
640.0
27.88 x 106
2.590
2.590 x 106
3.098 x 106
S
A - 11
TO CONVERT
INTO
S (cont.)
square millimeters
“
“
“
square mils
“
“
square yards
“
“
“
“
“
“
circular mils
sq. cms.
sq. feet
sq. inches
circular mils
sq. cms.
sq. inches
acres
sq. cms.
sq. ft.
sq. inches
sq. meters
sq. miles
sq. millimeters
temperature
(°C) + 273
temperature
(°C) + 17.78
temperature
(°F) + 460
temperature
(°F) - 32
tons (long)
“
“
tons (metric)
“
tons (short)
“
“
“
“
“
“
tons (short)/sq. ft.
“
tons of water/24 hrs.
“
“
absolute temperature
(°C)
temperature (°F)
A - 12
T
absolute temperature
(°F)
temperature (°C)
kilograms
pounds
tons (short)
kilograms
pounds
kilograms
ounces
ounces (troy)
pounds
pounds (troy)
tons (long)
tons (metric)
kgs./sq. meter
pounds/sq. in.
pounds of water/hr.
gallons/min.
cu. ft./hr.
MULTIPLY BY
1,973.0
0.01
1.076 x
1.550 x
1.273
6.452 x
10-6
2.066 x
8,361.0
9.0
1,296.0
0.8361
3.228 x
8.361 x
10-5
10-C
10-6
10-4
10-7
105
1.0
1.8
1.0
0.555
1,016.0
2,240.0
1.120
1,000.0
2,205.0
907.1848
32,000.0
29,166.66
2,000.0
2,430.56
0.89287
0.9078
9,765.0
2,000.0
83.333
0.16643
1.3349
TO CONVERT
INTO
W
watts
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
watt-hours
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
webers
“
webers/sq. in.
“
“
“
webers/sq. meter
“
“
“
Btu/hr.
Btu/min.
ergs/sec.
foot-lbs./min.
foot-lbs./sec.
horsepower
horsepower (metric)
kg.-calories/min.
kilowatts
Btu
ergs
foot-pounds
gram-calories
horsepower-hrs.
kilogram-calories
kilogram-meters
kilowatt-hrs.
maxwells
kilolines
gausses
lines/sq. in.
webers/sq. cm.
webers/sq. meter
gausses
lines/sq. in.
webers/sq. cm.
webers/sq. in.
yards
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
centimeters
feet
inches
kilometers
meters
miles (naut.)
miles (stat.)
millimeters
Y
MULTIPLY BY
3.4192
0.05688
107.0
44.27
0.7378
1.341 x 10-3
1.360 x 10-3
0.01433
0.001
3.413
3.60 x 1010
2,656.0
859.85
1.341 x 10-3
0.8605
367.2
0.001
108
105
1.550 x 107
108
0.1550
1,550.0
104
6.452 x 104
10-4
6.452 x 10-4
91.44
3.0
36.0
9.144 x 10-4
0.9144
4.934 x 10-4
5.682 x 10-4
914.4
Equivalents: Liquid Measures and Weights
TO OBTAIN
MULTIPLY
BY
U.S.
Gallon
Imperial
Gallon
1.2009
1
U.S. Gallon
1
U.S. Pint
0.125
Imperial Gallon
U.S. Pound Water*
U.S. Cubic Foot
U.S. Cubic Inch
Liter
Cubic Meter
0.11995
8.0
0.1041
1
6.22888
0.004329
0.2641779
264.170
0.833
0.1
7.48052
U.S.
Pint
0.00361
0.2199756
219.969
*Water at 60°F (15.6°C)
1 Barrel = 42 gallons (petroleum measure)
10.0
0.9596
1
59.8442
0.034632
2.113423
2113.34
To convert kinematic viscosity from one set of units to another,
locate the given set of units in the left hand column and multiply
the numerical value by the factor shown horizontally to the right,
under the set of units desired.
centistokes
centistokes
stokes
cm2
sec
ft2
sec
(v)
8.337
9.60762
Equivalents: Kinematic Viscosity
Kinematic
Viscosity
U.S.
Pound
Water*
(v)
1
(100 v)
100
(v')
92,900
U.S.
Cubic Foot
U.S.
Cubic Inch
0.16054
277.42
0.13368
1.042
0.01671
2202.0
27.708
1
0.03609
2.202
28.875
0.016035
62.365
0.0005787
0.0353154
35.31446
231.0
1728.0
1
61.02509
61023.38
Liter
Cubic
Meter
3.78533
0.003785
0.473166
0.000473
4.54596
0.45405
28.31702
0.016387
1
999.972
0.004546
0.000454
0.028317
0.0000164
0.001000
1
EXAMPLE:
(8 Imperial gallons) (4.54596) = 36.36768 liters
As an example, suppose a given kinematic viscosity of 0.5
square foot/second is to be converted to centistokes. By referring to the table, we find the conversion factor to be 92,900.
Then, 0.5 (sq ft/sec) times 92,900 = 46,450 centistokes.
stokes
ft2
sec
(100 v)
0.01
(v')
1.076 (10–5)
1
1.076 (10–3)
929
1
cm2
sec
A - 13
Equivalents: Absolute (Dynamic) Viscosity
To convert absolute or dynamic viscosity from one set of units
to another, locate the given set of units in the left hand column
and multiply the numerical value by the factor shown
horizontally to the right under the set of units desired.
As an example, suppose a given absolute viscosity of 2 poise
is to be converted to N s/m2. By referring to the table the
conversion factor is 0.1. Thus 2 Poise is equal to 2 times 0.1,
which is equal to 0.2 N s/m2.
MULTIPLY BY
CONVERT TO
CONVERT
FROM
Poiseuille
(Pa s)
Poise
(dyne s/cm2)
(g/cm s)
N s/m2
centiPoise
kgf s/m2
kg/m h
Poiseuille
(Pa s)
1
10
1
1000
0.102
3600
Poise
(dyne s/cm2)
(g/cm s)
0.1
1
0.1
100
0.0102
360
N s/m2
1
10
1
1000
0.102
3600
centiPoise
0.001
0.01
0.001
1
0.000102
3.6
kgf s/m2
9.81
98.1
9.807
9807
1
35.304
slugs/ftsec
(lb s/ft2)
47.9
479
47.9
4.79 x 104
4.882
1.72 x 105
lb/ft s
1.49
14.9
1.488
1,488
0.152
5,357
Equivalents: Electrical Units
Practical Unit
Cgs Electromagnetic Unit
Cgs Electrostatic Unit
Emf
volt = 108 abvolts
volt = 3.3 x 10–3 statvolt
abvolt = 10–8 volt
abvolt = 3.3 x 10–11 statvolt
statvolt = 300 volts (approx.)
statvolt = 3 x 1010 abvolts
Current
ampere = 10–1 abampere
ampere = 3 x 109 statamperes
abampere = 10 amperes
abampere = 3 x 1010 statamperes
statampere = 3.3 x 10–10 ampere
statampere = 3.3 x 10–11 abampere
Capacitance
farad = 10–9 abfarads
farad = 9 x 1011 statfarads
Resistance
Quantity
Inductance
Energy
Power
A - 14
ohm = 109 abohms
ohm = 1.1 x 10–12 statohm
abohm = 10–9 ohm
abohm = 1.1 x 10–21 statohm
coulomb = 10–1 abcoulomb
coulomb = 3 x 109 statcoulombs
abcoulomb = 10 coulombs
abcoulomb = 3 x 1010 statcoulombs
henry = 109 abhenries
henry = 1.1 x 10–12 stathenry
joule = 107 ergs
abhenry = 10–9 henry
abhenry = 1.1 x 10–21 stathenries
erg = 10-7 joule
watt = 107 ____
ergs
sec
statohm = 9 x 1011 ohms
statohm = 9 x 1020 abohms
statcoulomb = 3.3 x 10–10 coulomb
statcoulomb = 3.3 x 10–11 abcoulombs
abfarad = 109 farads
abfarad = 9 x 1020 statfarads
statfarad = 1.1 x 10–12 farads
statfarad = 1.1 x 10–21 abfarads
erg = 10–7 watt
–––
sec
erg = 10–7 watt
–––
sec
stathenry = 9 x 1011 henries
stathenry = 9 x 1020 abhenries
erg = 10–7 joule
Equivalents: Degrees API and Degrees Baumé
Degrees on API
or Baumé Scale
0
2
4
6
8
Values for API Scale
Oil
Specific
Gravity
S
–
–
–
–
–
Weight
Density
Lb/Ft3
p
Pounds
per
Gallon
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Values for Baumé Scale
Liquids Lighter Than Water
Liquids Heavier Than Water
S
Weight
Density
Lb/Ft3
p
Pounds
per
Gallon
Specific
Gravity
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.0000
1.0140
1.0284
1.0432
1.0584
7.781
7.679
7.579
7.482
7.387
1.1600
1.1789
1.1983
1.2185
1.2393
1.0000
0.9861
0.9724
0.9593
0.9465
62.36
61.50
60.65
59.53
59.03
8.337
8.221
8.108
7.998
7.891
1.0000
0.9859
0.9722
0.9589
0.9459
62.36
61.49
60.63
59.80
58.99
8.337
8.219
8.105
7.994
7.886
30
32
34
36
38
0.8762
0.8654
0.8550
0.8448
0.8348
54.64
53.97
53.32
52.69
52.06
7.305
7.215
7.128
7.043
6.960
0.8750
0.8642
0.8537
0.8434
0.8333
54.57
53.90
53.24
52.60
51.97
7.295
7.205
7.117
7.031
6.947
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
0.9340
0.9218
0.9100
0.8984
0.8871
0.8251
0.8155
0.8063
0.7972
0.7883
0.7796
0.7711
0.7628
0.7547
0.7467
0.7389
0.7313
0.7238
0.7165
0.7093
0.7022
0.6953
0.6886
0.6819
0.6754
0.6690
0.6628
0.6566
0.6506
0.6446
0.6388
0.6331
0.6275
0.6220
0.6166
0.6112
58.25
57.87
56.75
56.03
55.32
51.46
50.86
50.28
49.72
49.16
48.62
48.09
47.57
47.07
46.57
46.08
45.61
45.14
44.68
44.23
43.79
43.36
42.94
42.53
42.12
41.72
41.33
40.95
40.57
40.20
39.84
39.48
39.13
38.79
38.45
38.12
7.787
7.736
7.587
7.490
7.396
6.879
6.799
6.722
6.646
6.572
6.499
6.429
6.359
6.292
6.225
6.160
6.097
6.034
5.973
5.913
5.854
5.797
5.741
5.685
5.631
5.577
5.526
5.474
5.424
5.374
5.326
5.278
5.231
5.186
5.141
5.096
0.9333
0.9211
0.9091
0.8974
0.8861
0.8235
0.8140
0.8046
0.7955
0.7865
0.7778
0.7692
0.7609
0.7527
0.7447
0.7368
0.7292
0.7216
0.7143
0.7071
0.7000
0.6931
0.6863
0.6796
0.6731
0.6667
0.6604
0.6542
0.6482
0.6422
0.6364
0.6306
0.6250
0.6195
0.6140
0.6087
58.20
57.44
56.70
55.97
55.26
51.36
50.76
50.18
49.61
49.05
48.51
47.97
47.45
46.94
46.44
45.95
45.48
45.00
44.55
44.10
43.66
43.22
42.80
42.38
41.98
41.58
41.19
40.80
40.42
40.05
39.69
39.33
38.98
38.63
38.29
37.96
S
–
–
–
–
–
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
Specific
Gravity
6.865
6.786
6.708
6.632
6.557
6.484
6.413
6.344
6.275
6.209
6.143
6.079
6.016
5.955
5.895
5.836
5.788
5.722
5.666
5.612
5.558
5.506
5.454
5.404
5.354
5.306
5.257
5.211
5.165
5.119
5.075
1.0741
1.0902
1.1069
1.1240
1.1417
1.2609
1.2832
1.3063
1.3303
1.3551
1.3810
1.4078
1.4356
1.4646
1.4948
Weight
Density
Lb/Ft3
p
62.36
63.24
64.14
65.06
66.01
8.337
8.454
8.574
8.697
8.824
72.34
73.52
74.73
75.99
77.29
9.671
9.828
9.990
10.159
10.332
86.13
87.80
89.53
91.34
93.22
11.513
11.737
11.969
12.210
12.462
66.99
67.99
69.03
70.10
71.20
78.64
80.03
81.47
82.96
84.51
1.5263
1.5591
1.5934
1.6292
1.6667
95.19
97.23
99.37
101.60
103.94
1.9333
–
–
–
–
120.57
–
–
–
–
1.7059
1.7470
1.7901
1.8354
1.8831
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Pounds
per
Gallon
106.39
108.95
111.64
114.46
117.44
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.955
9.089
9.228
9.371
9.518
10.512
10.698
10.891
11.091
11.297
12.725
12.998
13.284
13.583
13.895
14.222
14.565
14.924
15.302
15.699
16.118
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
A - 15
Equivalents: Kinematic and Saybolt Viscosity
Equivalents of Kinematic and
Saybolt Furol Viscosity
Kinematic
Viscosity,
Centistokes
v
48
50
60
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
At 122°F (50°C)
Basic Values
25.3
26.1
30.6
35.1
39.6
44.1
48.6
60.1
71.7
83.8
At 210°F (99°C)
25.2
29.8
34.4
39.0
43.7
48.3
60.1
71.8
83.7
200
225
250
275
95.0
106.7
118.4
130.1
95.6
107.5
119.4
131.4
400
425
450
475
188.8
200.6
212.4
224.1
191.8
204.0
216.1
228.3
300
325
350
375
500
525
550
575
600
625
650
675
700
725
750
775
800
825
850
875
900
925
950
975
1000
1024
1050
1075
1100
1125
1150
1175
1200
1225
1250
1275
1300
Over 1300
A - 16
Equivalent Saybolt
Furol Viscosity, Sec
141.8
153.6
165.3
177.0
235.9
247.7
259.5
271.3
283.1
294.9
306.7
318.4
330.2
342.0
353.8
365.5
377.4
389.2
400.9
412.7
424.5
436.3
448.1
459.9
471.7
483.5
495.2
507.0
518.8
530.6
542.4
554.2
566.0
577.8
589.9
601.3
613.1
Saybolt Furol
Seconds =
Centistokes x
0.4717
143.5
155.5
167.6
179.7
240.5
252.8
265.0
277.2
289.5
301.8
314.1
326.4
338.7
351.0
363.4
375.7
388.1
400.5
412.9
425.3
437.7
450.1
462.5
474.9
487.4
499.8
512.3
524.8
537.2
549.7
562.2
574.7
587.2
599.7
612.2
624.8
637.3
Log (Saybolt Furol
Seconds - 2.87) =
1.0276 [Log
(Centistokes)] 0.3975
Equivalents of Kinematic and
Saybolt Universal Viscosity
Kinematic
Viscosity,
Centistokes
v
1.83
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
Equivalent Saybolt
Universal Viscosity, Sec
At 100°F (37.8°C)
Basic Values
32.01
32.62
39.14
45.56
52.09
58.91
77.39
97.77
At 210°F (99°C)
32.23
32.85
39.41
45.88
52.45
59.32
77.93
98.45
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
119.3
141.3
163.7
186.3
209.1
120.1
142.3
164.9
187.6
210.5
75.0
80.0
85.0
90.0
95.0
347.6
370.8
393.9
417.1
440.3
350.0
373.4
396.7
420.0
443.4
50.0
55.0
60.0
65.0
70.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
180.0
200.0
220.0
240.0
250.0
280.0
300.0
320.0
340.0
360.0
380.0
400.0
420.0
440.0
460.0
480.0
500.0
Over 500
232.1
255.2
278.3
301.4
324.4
463.5
556.2
648.9
741.6
834.2
233.8
257.0
280.2
303.5
326.7
466.7
560.1
653.4
926.9
1019.6
1112.3
1205.0
1297.7
1390.4
1483.1
1575.8
1668.5
1761.2
1853.9
1946.6
2039.3
2132.0
2224.7
2317.4
Saybolt Seconds
=
Centistokes
x 4.6673
Saybolt Seconds
=
Centistokes
x 4.6347
Note: To obtain the Saybolt Universal viscosity equivalent to a
kinematic viscosity determined at t, multiply the equivalent Saybolt
Universal viscosity at 100°F (37.8°C) by 1+(t - 100) 0.000 064.
For example, 10 v at 210°F (99°C) are equivalent to 58.91 multiplied
by 1.0070 or 59.32 sec Saybolt Universal at 210°F (99°C).
These tables are reprinted with the permission of the American Society
for Testing Materials (ASTM). The table at the left was abstracted from
Table 1,D2161-63T. The table at the right was abstracted from Table 3,
D2161-63T.
0.0193368
14.5038
145.038
mm mercury†
Bars‡
MPa‡
EXAMPLE:
(5 kg/cm2) (2048.16) = 10,240.8 lb./ft.2
.20445
20.8854
20885.4
2088.54
2.78450
70.7262
62.315
5.1929
.0000966
0.0098692
9.8692
0.98692
0.0013158
0.033420
0.029446
0.002454
0.0000968
0.96784
1
0.000473
0.068046
Atmospheres
*Water at 68°F (20°C)
.0014198
0.491154
in. mercury†
mm water
column
0.432744
ft./water*
0.145038
0.036062
in./water*
kPa
0.001422
kg/m
0.204816
2048.16
14.2233
2
kg/cm
2116.22
14.696
1
144.0
lb/ft2
2
0.0069444
1
lb/in2
Atmospheres
lb/ft.
2
lb/in.2
TO OBTAIN
MULTIPLY
BY
.99819
101.972
101972.0
10197.2
13.595
345.319
304.249
25.354
1
10000.0
10332.0
4.88243
703.070
kg/m2
.039370
4.02190
4021.90
402.190
0.53621
13.6197
12.0
1
0.03944
394.41
407.520
0.019257
27.7300
in.
water
(68°F)*
†mercury at 32°F (0°C)
.0000998
0.0101972
10.1972
1.01972
0.0013595
0.03453
0.030425
0.00253
0.0001
1
1.0332
0.000488
0.070307
kg/cm2
.002891
0.2953
295.300
29.5300
0.03937
1
0.88108
0.073423
0.002896
28.959
29.921
0.014139
2.03602
in.
mercury
(32°F)†
.073423
7.50061
7500.61
750.061
1
25.4
22.3793
1.8649
0.073556
735.558
760.00
0.35913
51.7149
mm
mercury
(32°F)†
.0000979
0.01
10.0
1
0.001333
0.033864
0.29837
0.002486
0.000098
0.98066
1.01325
0.0004788
0.068948
Bars
‡
2
.0000098
0.001
1
0.10
0.0001333
0.0033864
0.0029837
0.000249
0.0000098
0.098066
0.101325
0.0000479
0.0068948
MegaPascals
(MPa)‡
0.04788
6.8948
kPa
2
.0097889
1
1000.0
100.0
0.13332
3.3864
2.9837
0.24864
0.0098
98.066
101.325
‡MPa (MegaPascal) = 10 Bars = 1,000,000 N/m (Newtons/meter )
.003281
0.33516
335.158
33.5158
0.044684
1.1350
1
0.08333
0.003287
32.868
33.9600
0.016048
2.3108
ft.
water
(68°F)*
1
102.156
102156.0
10215.6
13.6197
345.94
304.800
25.4
1.00181
10018.1
10351.0
4.89127
704.342
mm
water
(68°F)
To convert from one set of units to another, locate the given unit in the left hand column, and multiply the numerical value by the factor shown horizontally to the right,
under the set of units desired.
Equivalents: Pressure and Head
A - 17
Properties: Density and Specific Gravity of Selected Liquids
Liquid
Acetaldehyde
Acetone
Acetic Anhydride
Acid, Acetic Conc.
Acid, Benzoic
Acid, Butyric, Conc.
Acid, Hydrochloric, 42.5%
Acid, Hydrocyanic
Acid, Nitric, Conc. Boil.
Acid, Ortho-phosphoric
Ammonia, Saturated
Aniline
Argon
Asphalt
Beer
Benzene
Brine, 10% CaCl
Brine, 10% NaCl
Bromine
Bunkers C Fuel Max
Butane-n
Carbon Disulphide
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Tetrachloride
China Wood Oil
Chloride
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Chromic Acid
Citric Acid
Cocoanut Oil
Corn syrup 86.4 Brix
Corn syrup 78.4 Brix
Creosote
Cresol, Meta
Decane-n
Diesel Fuel grade 1-D
Diphenyl
Distallate
Dowtherm A
Ethanol
Ether
Ethyl Acetate
Ethyl Alcohol
Ethylamine
Ethyl Benzene
Ethyl Chloride
Ethyl Oxide
Ethylene Glycol
Fluorine
Formaldehyde
Formic Acid
Fuell 3 Max
Fuel 5 Min
Fuel 5 Max
Fuel 6 Min
Fuel Oil (Bunker C)
Furfural
Gasoline
Gasoline, Natural
Glucose
Glycerol (Glycerine)
Glycol
Helium
Heptane
Heptane-n
Hexane-n
Hexanol
Hydrofluoric Acid
Hydrogen Chloride
Hydrogen Sulfide
Ink, printers
Ionene
Isobutyl Alcohol
Isopropyl Alcohol
Jet Fuel, grade JP-4
Kerosene
Lard
A - 18
Temperature
°C
°F
64
60
68
68
59
68
64
64
64
65
10
68
60
75
60
32
32
32
60
60
60
32
60
68
60
77
68
68
60
60
60
60
60
60
68
60
60
60
60
163
60
700
77
77
68
77
61
68
68
30
60
60
113
100
60
60
60
60
59
68
60
60
60
122
68
60
68
60
60
77
60
60
60
60
77
68
68
60
60
60
17.8
15.6
20.0
20.0
15.0
20.0
17.8
17.8
17.8
18.3
-12.2
20.0
15.6
23.9
15.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
15.6
15.6
15.6
0.0
15.6
20.0
15.6
25.0
20.0
20.0
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
20.0
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
72.8
15.6
371.1
25.0
25.0
20.0
25.0
16.1
20.0
20.0
-1.1
15.6
15.6
45.0
37.8
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
20.0
15.6
15.6
15.6
50.0
20.0
15.6
20.0
15.6
15.6
25.0
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
25.0
20.0
20.0
15.6
15.6
15.6
Density➀ Specific➁
Gravity
lb/ft3
38.9
49.4
67.5
65.5
79.0
60.2
92.3
43.5
93.7
114.4
40.9
63.8
102.9
61.1
63.0
56.1
68.1
67.2
182.7
63.3
36.4
80.6
49.9
99.6
58.8
97.3
69.1
92.9
75.5
96.1
57.9
91.1
87.9
66.7
64.5
45.5
51.5
54.0
57.3
61.9
63.0
45.5
48.6
44.7
56.1
49.1
42.6
53.6
78.0
54.9
70.5
69.7
50.8
56.1
56.0
60.2
61.9
61.9
62.3
72.3
46.8
42.4
87.3
78.6
69.2
8.7
42.7
42.9
41.4
50.7
57.4
53.6
49.3
74.8
58.3
50.5
49.9
53.0
50.8
59.9
0.8
0.8
1.1
1.1
1.3
1.0
1.4
0.8
1.5
1.8
0.7
1.0
1.7
1.0
1.0
0.9
1.1
1.1
3.0
1.0
0.6
1.3
0.8
1.6
1.0
1.6
1.1
1.5
1.2
1.5
0.9
1.5
1.4
1.1
1.0
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
0.9
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.9
1.3
0.9
1.1
1.1
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.2
0.8
0.7
1.4
1.3
1.1
0.1
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.8
1.2
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.8
1.0
Liquid
Lard Oil
Linolenic Acid
Linseed Oil
M. C. Residuum
Mercury
Mercury
Mercury
Mercury
Mercury
Methane
Methyl Alcohol
Methylene Chloride
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Methyl Propyl
Milk
Mineral Oil
Naphtha, Petroleum
Naphtha, Wood
Naphthalene
Nonane-n
Nonanol
Ocimene
Octane-n
Oil, Olive
Palmitic Acid
Pentane
Petroleum Ether
Phenol
Phosgene
Phosphorus
Propane
Propanol
Propyl Alcohol
Propylene
Propylene Glycol
Pyridine
Resorcinol
Rosin Oil
Sabiname
SAE 10 Lube
SAE 30 Lube
SAE 70 Lube
Salt Creek Crude
Silane
Sorbaldehyde
Sperm Oil
Starch
Stearic Acid
Styrene
Sucrose 60 Brix
Sucrose 76 Brix
Sulphur Dioxide
Sulphuric Acid
Sulphuric Acid
Sulphur Trioxide
32.6° API Crude
35.6° API Crude
40° API Crude
48° API Crude
Tar, Road RT-4
Tar, Road RT-8
Tar, Road RT-12
Terpinene
Toluene (Toluol)
Transmission Oil
Trichloroethylene
Turpentine
Varnish, spar
Vegetable Oil
Water
Water
Water, Distilled
Water, sea
Whale Oil
Xylol (Xylene)
Temperature
°C
°F
60
77
60
60
20
40
60
80
100
-2.66
77
68
72
58
60
80
59
77
77
60
77
77
60
69
77
59
60
77
32
93
0
77
77
77
77
68
77
60
77
60
60
60
60
77
77
60
60
77
77
60
60
32
68
60
70
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
212
68
80
68
60
60
60
60
100
70
60
60
68
15.6
25.0
15.6
15.6
-6.7
4.4
15.6
26.7
37.8
-16.3
25.0
20.0
22.2
14.4
15.6
26.7
15.0
25.0
25.0
15.6
25.0
25.0
15.6
15.0
25.0
15.0
15.6
25.0
0
33.9
-17.7
25.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
20.0
25.0
15.6
25.0
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
25.0
25.0
15.6
15.6
25.0
25.0
15.6
15.6
0.0
20.0
15.6
21.1
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
100.0
20.0
26.7
20.0
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
37.8
21.1
15.6
15.6
20.0
➀ Density is shown for the temperature listed.
Density➀ Specific➁
Gravity
lb/ft3
57.4
56.3
58.0
58.3
849.7
848.0
846.3
844.6
842.9
29.1
49.2
83.4
49.9
50.5
64.8
56.1
41.6
43.7
60.1
64.8
51.3
49.9
44.1
57.3
53.2
38.9
39.9
66.8
86.1
108.5
30.1
50.3
50.0
32.2
60.4
61.3
79.3
61.1
50.8
54.6
56.0
57.1
53.8
44.8
56.0
86.7
93.6
58.7
56.5
80.5
86.7
89.2
116.0
114.1
119.8
53.8
52.8
51.4
49.2
67.4
70.5
71.7
53.0
54.1
58.6
91.5
53.9
56.1
56.8
62.4
61.9
61.7
64.2
57.7
55.0
➁ Specific gravity uses water at 60°F as base conditions.
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.5
13.5
0.5
0.8
1.3
0.8
0.8
1.0
0.9
0.7
0.7
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.9
0.9
0.6
0.6
1.1
1.4
1.7
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.3
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.7
0.9
1.4
1.5
0.9
0.9
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.9
1.8
1.9
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.1
1.1
1.2
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.5
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.9
Properties: Density and Specific Gravity of Selected Gases
Acetylene
Gas
Air
Ammonia
Argon
Bio Gas (65% Methane, 35% CO2)
Chemical
Formula
C 2H 2
–
NH3
Ar
44.11
0.1502
0.1137
1.9359
1.520
-116
306
90
28.01
0.0724
1.2321
0.967
-222
C 2H 6
30.07
0.0777
1.3227
1.038
90
Cl2
He
H2
H 2S
Nitrogen
N2
70.91
28.05
0.1833
0.0725
-450
2.02
0.0052
0.0887
0.070
-402
16.04
0.0415
0.7057
0.554
-117
86.18
34.08
0.2227
0.0881
N 2O
44.01
0.1138
Pentane
C5H12
72.15
0.1865
Propylene
C 3H 6
➀ Density is given for gas at 14.7 psia @ +70° F.
➁ Density is given for gas at 1 bar @ +0° C.
49
0.138
Nitrous Oxide
SO2
0.969
291
0.1761
0.0776
C 3H 8
1.2340
2.499
0.0103
30.00
O2
3.1205
4.00
NO
Sulphur Dioxide
2.5567
270
CO
CH4
Propane
305
1.937
Methane
Oxygen
2.007
2.4681
C6H14
Nitric Oxide
-188
0.1450
Hexane, Average
Hydrogen Sulfide
1.379
56.11
58.12
95
-220
C 4H 8
C 2H 4
Hydrogen
1.7572
Critical
Temperature
1.000
0.588
0.892
Ethylene
Helium
0.1032
1.2740
0.7491
0.899
1.1363
CO2
Ethane
39.95
0.0748
0.0440
1.1459
Specific➁
Gravity
0.0668
Carbon Dioxide
Chlorine
28.96
17.03
0.0673
Density➁
kg/m3
25.83
C4H10
Carbon Monoxide
26.04
Density➀
lb/ft3
–
Butane-N
Butylene
Molecular
Weight
28.01
32.00
44.10
42.08
64.06
0.0724
3.7908
1.4997
1.3202
1.2323
1.9367
2.976
2.125
1.071
0.967
1.376
454
213
-135
-233
98
0.0827
1.4076
1.105
246
0.1140
1.9397
1.523
206
0.1088
0.1656
3.1738
1.8510
2.8191
2.491
1.453
2.213
368
198
316
A - 19
Properties: Density and Specific Gravity of Saturated Water
Temperature Pressure
PSI
°F
°C
Density
lbs/ft3
S.G.
32
0
0.09
62.42
1.00
40
4
0.12
62.42
1.00
35
45
2
7
50
10
54
12
58
14
52
56
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
110
120
130
11
13
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
36
37
38
43
49
54
0.10
0.15
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.22
0.24
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.39
0.42
0.45
0.48
0.51
0.54
0.58
0.62
0.66
0.70
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.89
0.95
1.28
1.70
2.23
140
61
2.89
160
71
4.74
150
170
180
190
200
66
77
82
88
92
3.72
6.00
7.52
9.34
11.53
62.42
62.42
62.42
62.38
62.38
62.38
62.38
62.34
62.34
62.34
62.34
62.31
62.31
62.27
62.27
62.27
62.23
62.23
62.19
62.19
62.15
62.15
62.11
62.07
62.07
62.03
62.03
62.00
61.84
61.69
61.54
61.39
61.20
60.98
60.79
60.57
60.35
60.13
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
Dielectric Dielectric Error in
Constant Constant Distance,
Of Liquid Of Vapor
%
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.99
73.95
1.001
0.0
0.99
70.27
1.001
0.0
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.96
72.09
68.50
66.77
65.09
63.44
61.84
60.28
58.75
57.26
1.001
1.001
1.001
1.002
1.002
1.003
1.003
1.004
1.005
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
Temperature Pressure
PSI
°F
°C
210
14.13
104
17.19
212
100
230
110
220
240
116
250
121
270
132
260
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
705
A - 20
99
127
138
143
149
154
160
14.70
20.78
24.97
29.82
35.42
41.83
49.18
57.53
66.98
77.64
89.60
166
103.00
177
134.53
188
173.23
171
182
193
199
204
210
216
221
227
232
238
243
249
254
260
271
282
117.93
152.92
195.60
220.20
247.10
276.50
308.50
343.30
381.20
422.10
466.30
514.10
565.50
620.70
680.00
811.40
961.50
293 1131.80
304 1324.30
316 1541.00
327 1784.40
338 2057.10
349 2362.00
360 2705.00
371 3090.00
374 3204.00
Density
lbs/ft3
S.G.
59.88
0.96
59.63
59.81
59.35
59.10
58.82
58.55
58.24
57.94
57.64
57.31
56.98
56.66
56.34
55.96
55.59
55.22
54.85
54.47
54.05
53.65
53.25
52.80
52.38
51.92
51.47
50.99
50.51
50.00
49.48
48.95
47.82
46.62
45.31
43.90
42.32
40.57
38.57
36.14
32.98
27.28
19.79
Dielectric Dielectric Error in
Constant Constant Distance,
%
Of Liquid Of Vapor
55.81
1.006
0.3
0.96
54.40
1.007
0.3
0.95
51.67
1.009
0.4
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.94
0.93
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.90
0.89
0.88
0.88
0.87
0.87
0.86
0.85
0.85
0.84
0.83
0.82
0.82
0.81
0.80
0.79
0.78
0.77
0.75
0.73
0.70
0.68
0.65
0.62
0.58
0.53
0.44
0.32
—
53.02
50.36
—
1.008
1.011
49.08
1.013
46.61
1.017
47.83
45.42
44.26
43.13
42.02
40.94
39.88
38.84
37.83
36.84
35.88
34.93
34.00
33.09
32.20
31.32
30.46
29.62
1.015
1.019
1.022
1.025
1.028
1.032
1.036
1.040
1.045
1.050
1.056
1.062
1.069
1.076
1.085
1.093
1.103
1.113
28.78
1.124
27.16
1.150
27.97
26.36
25.58
24.04
22.52
21.03
19.54
18.04
16.52
14.93
13.23
11.23
8.29
—
1.137
1.164
1.180
—
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.5
2.8
3.1
3.4
3.7
4.2
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.6
7.2
7.9
8.6
1.216
10.3
1.313
14.6
1.260
1.378
1.461
1.570
1.719
1.938
2.310
3.295
—
12.2
17.4
20.9
25.3
31.1
39.2
52.0
81.5
—
Properties: Density of Superheated Steam and Compressed Water
Temperature
°F
32
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
°C
0
4
16
27
38
820
840
860
880
900
920
940
960
980
1000
62.42
62.42
62.37
62.23
62.00
62.62
62.62
62.58
62.42
62.19
.02495
.02420
.02351
.02285
.02223
59.59
.04885
.04738
.04602
.04473
59.60
59.10
58.51
57.94
.1140
59.60
59.10
58.55
57.94
57.31
59.67
59.10
58.55
57.97
57.34
59.70
59.17
58.62
58.04
57.41
59.77
59.24
58.69
58.07
57.57
59.81
59.28
58.72
58.14
57.54
.01914
.01871
.01830
.01791
.01753
.03841
.03753
.03670
.03590
.03514
.003429
.003360
.003294
.003230
.003169
.008576
.008405
.008239
.008080
.007927
271
282
293
304
316
327
338
349
360
371
382
393
404
416
427
438
449
460
471
482
493
504
516
527
538
Saturated Steam
Saturated Water
Tsat °F
.001714
.001680
.001647
.001615
.001585
.001555
.001527
.001499
.001473
.001448
.001423
.001400
.001376
.001354
.001333
.001312
.001292
.001272
.001253
.001235
.001217
.001199
.001182
.001166
.001150
.002998
61.96
101.74
.003111
.003054
.002999
.002947
.002896
.002847
.002799
.002753
.002709
.002666
.002624
002584
.002545
.002507
.002470
.002434
.002399
.002365
.002332
.002300
.005755
61.61
126.07
.007780
.007638
.007501
.007369
.007242
.007119
.007000
.006885
.006774
.006666
.006562
.006461
.006363
.006268
.006175
.006086
.005998
.005914
.005832
.005752
.01360
60.94
162.24
1000
PSIA
62.58
62.58
62.50
62.38
62.15
.02165
.02109
.02057
.02007
.01960
.009557
.009343
.009139
.008944
.008756
750
PSIA
62.54
62.54
62.46
62.31
62.07
.01079
.01052
.01026
.01002
.009781
.003819
.003734
.003653
.003575
.003500
500
PSIA
62.46
62.46
62.42
62.27
62.04
.004311
.004203
.004100
.004002
.003908
.001909
.001866
.001826
.001787
.001750
200
PSIA
62.42
62.42
62.37
62.23
62.00
.002154
.002100
.002049
.002000
.001954
.01241
.01205
.01171
.01139
.01108
100
PSIA
62.42
62.42
62.37
62.23
62.00
160
171
182
193
204
.004950
.004807
.004672
.004545
.004425
50
PSIA
62.42
62.42
62.37
62.23
62.00
61.73
61.39
60.98
60.55
.02575
.002472
.002402
.002334
.002271
.002211
20
PSIA
62.42
62.42
62.37
62.23
62.00
61.73
61.39
60.98
.01321
.01280
216
227
238
249
260
720
740
760
780
800
62.42
62.42
62.37
62.23
62.00
10
PSIA
61.73
.005619
.005435
.005263
.005101
420
440
460
480
500
620
640
660
680
700
5
PSIA
.002901
.002804
.002713
.002628
.002548
104
116
127
138
149
520
540
560
580
600
62.42
62.42
62.37
62.23
62.00
2
PSIA
49
60
71
82
93
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
1
PSIA
Superheated Steam and Compressed Water Density lbm/ft3
.01717
.01682
.01649
.01617
.01587
.01557
.01529
.01501
.01475
.01449
.01425
.01401
.01378
.01355
.01334
.01313
.01293
.01273
.01254
.01235
.01217
.01200
.01183
.01167
.01151
.02603
60.28
193.21
61.73
61.39
61.01
60.57
60.10
61.73
61.39
61.01
60.57
60.13
.04352
.04239
.04131
.04029
.03933
.1107
.1076
.1047
.1019
.09938
03441
.03371
.03304
.03240
.03178
.08657
.08477
.08305
.08140
.07982
.03119
.03061
.03006
.02953
.02902
.02852
.02804
.02758
.02713
.02670
.02628
.02587
.02548
.02509
.02472
.02436
.02401
.02367
.02334
.02302
.04978
59.42
227.96
.09696
09466
.09249
.09042
.08845
.07830
.07683
.07543
.07408
.07278
.07152
.07030
.06913
.06800
.06690
.06584
.06482
.06382
.06286
.06192
.06101
.06013
.05928
.05845
.05764
.1175
57.90
281.02
61.73
61.39
61.01
60.57
60.13
56.63
.2213
.2146
.2084
.2026
.1973
.1923
.1876
.1832
.1790
.1750
.1712
.1676
.1642
.1609
.1577
.1547
.1518
.1490
.1464
.1438
.1413
.1389
.1366
.1344
.1322
.1301
.1281
.1261
.1242
.1224
.1206
.1187
.1172
.1155
.2257
56.37
327.82
61.77
61.43
61.01
60.61
60.13
56.66
55.96
55.22
54.47
.4238
.4104
.3982
.3870
.3766
.3670
.3580
.3496
.3416
.3341
.3270
.3202
.3137
.3076
.3017
.2960
.2906
.2854
.2804
.2755
.2709
.2664
.2621
.2579
.2539
.2500
.2462
.2425
.2389
.2355
.2321
.4372
54.38
381.80
61.81
61.46
61.09
60.68
60.21
56.75
56.05
55.31
54.56
53.74
52.88
51.98
50.99
1.049
1.008
.9728
.9413
.9128
.8870
.8633
.8413
.8209
.8019
.7840
.7671
.7510
.7359
.7215
.7077
.6946
.6820
.6700
.6584
.6473
.6366
.6263
.6163
.6068
.5976
.5885
1.078
50.63
467.01
61.84
61.50
61.13
60.72
60.24
56.82
56.12
55.40
54.65
53.82
52.97
52.08
51.13
50.08
48.97
1.603
1.530
1.468
1.415
1.367
1.325
1.287
1.252
1.219
1.189
1.161
1.135
1.111
1.087
1.065
1.045
1.025
1.006
.9877
.9703
.9537
.9377
.9223
.9075
.8933
1.641
48.33
510.84
61.88
61.58
61.20
60.75
60.31
56.88
56.18
55.46
54.71
53.91
53.08
52.17
51.23
50.20
49.12
47.94
46.64
2.142
2.035
1.947
1.871
1.804
1.746
1.693
1.645
1.601
1.560
1.523
1.488
1.455
1.424
1.394
1.367
1.340
1.315
1.291
1.269
1.247
1.226
1.206
2.242
46.32
544.58
A - 21
Properties: Specific Gravity of Petroleum Products
Temperature Relationship for Petroleum Oils
(Reproduced by permission from the Oil and Gas Journal)
0.8
0.7
0.6
4
.6 24
6
0.
0.5
C5
C 3H
H 10
C4
H 10
C4
09
0.5
8
0.3
4
58
0. 564
0.
0.4
.0
65 .6
70 .6
76 .9
8 2 .5
89 H 12
Specific Gravity
60/60
1.04
API Gravity
1.00
at 60∞F
.98
.96
.9
7
.92 4
10 .1
12.9 .0
.9 0
15
.88
19.0 .9
.86
22.3
.84
2 5 .7
.82
29
.80
.3
33.
.7
0
37
.7 8
.74 6
41 . 0
.72
.
1
45
.7
.4
4
. 0
54 9.9
.6 68
6
59 .7
.7
0.9
8
0.37
C 2H 6
S – Specific Gravity of Oil at any Temperature (Referred to water at 60∞F)
1.0
CRITICAL TEMPERATURE
0.2
0
100
200
300
400
500
Temp. (°F)
600
700
800
900
1000
Example: The specific gravity of an oil at 60°F is 0.85. The
specific gravity at 100°F = 0.83.
C2H6 = Ethane
C3H8 = Propane
C4H10 = Butane
iC4H10 = Isobutane
iC5H12 = Isopentane
To find the weight density of a petroleum oil at its flowing
temperature when the specific gravity at 60°F is known,
multiply the specific gravity of the oil at flowing temperature
(see chart above) by 62.4, the density of water at 60°F.
*Reprinted from Crane Company’s Technical Paper 410.
Specific Gravity versus API Gravity
(for hydrocarbon based products and water gravity °A.P.I.)
°API
1.00
Specific Gravity
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
∞API = 141.5 – 131.5
G
0.50
150
A - 22
130
110
90
70
50
30
10
0
Properties: Density of Air
Temperature
°F
°C
14.73
PSIA
100
PSIA
200
PSIA
300
PSIA
400
PSIA
–40
–20
0
20
40
–40
–29
–18
– 7
4
0.0949
0.0905
0.0866
0.0830
0.0797
0.6488
0.6182
0.5905
0.5652
0.5421
1.3087
1.245
1.1875
1.1353
1.0878
1.9796
1.8799
1.7906
1.71
1.6368
2.661
2.5227
2.3995
2.2887
2.1886
160
180
200
220
240
71
82
93
104
116
0.0641
0.0621
0.0602
0.0585
0.0568
0.4356
0.4218
0.4089
0.3967
0.3853
0.871
0.8432
0.8171
0.7927
0.7697
1.3061
1.264
1.2246
1.1877
1.1529
1.7406
1.684
1.6311
1.5815
1.5349
60
80
100
120
140
260
280
300
320
340
16
27
38
49
60
127
138
149
160
171
0.0765
0.0737
0.0711
0.0687
0.0664
0.0552
0.0537
0.0523
0.0510
0.0497
0.5208
0.5012
0.4829
0.4660
0.4503
0.3745
0.3644
0.3547
0.3456
0.3369
1.0442
1.0041
0.9670
0.9327
0.9007
0.7480
0.7275
0.7081
0.6898
0.6724
Properties: Speed of Sound
Gases
air, dry
ammonia
argon
carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
chlorine
deuterium
ethane
ethylene
helium
hydrogen
hydrogen bromide
hydrogen chloride
hydrogen iodide
hydrogen sulfide
illuminating (coal gas)
methane
neon
nitric oxide
nitrogen
nitrous oxide
oxygen
sulfur dioxide
m/sec
331
415
308
259
338
206
890
308
317
965
1284
200
206
157
289
453
430
435
324
334
263
316
213
1.5699
1.5085
1.4519
1.3997
1.3511
1.1202
1.0893
1.0601
1.0325
1.0063
ft/sec
1086
1362
1010
850
1109
676
2920
1010
1040
3166
4213
656
676
515
948
1486
1411
1427
1063
1096
863
1037
699
2.0974
2.0141
1.9375
1.8668
1.8013
1.4911
1.4497
1.4107
1.3737
1.3388
Air Density lbm/ft3
500
600
PSIA
PSIA
700
PSIA
800
PSIA
900
PSIA
1000
PSIA
1100
PSIA
3.3525
3.1728
3.0135
2.8711
2.7429
4.0533
3.8295
3.6321
3.4567
3.2992
4.7628
4.492
4.2547
4.0447
3.857
5.4768
5.1594
4.8805
4.6347
4.4157
6.2031
5.8308
5.5086
5.2258
4.9748
6.9315
6.5051
6.1382
5.8175
5.5338
7.6632
7.1811
6.7684
6.409
6.092
2.1744
2.103
2.0364
1.9741
1.9156
2.6073
2.521
2.4405
2.3654
2.2948
3.0391
2.938
2.8432
2.7551
2.6725
3.4695
3.3529
3.2444
3.1432
3.0485
3.8985
3.7665
3.6439
3.5296
3.4228
4.3257
4.1783
4.0417
3.9144
3.7953
4.7509
4.5882
4.4375
4.2972
4.1658
2.6266
2.5205
2.4234
2.3339
2.2511
1.8606
1.8088
1.7599
1.7136
1.6698
Vapors
3.1569
3.0275
2.9093
2.8006
2.7001
2.2288
2.1666
2.1078
1.9997
2.0523
3.6879
3.5347
3.3949
3.2666
3.1482
2.5956
2.5231
2.4546
2.3897
2.6553
acetone
benzene
carbon tetrachloride
chloroform
ethanol
ethyl ether
methanol
water
4.2191
4.0416
3.8798
3.7316
3.5951
2.9608
2.8779
2.7997
2.7256
2.6553
4.7502
4.5478
4.3637
4.1954
4.0406
3.3239
3.2306
3.1424
3.059
2.98
m/sec
230
202
145
171
269
206
335
494
5.2805
5.0529
4.8464
4.6577
4.4845
3.6846
3.4803
3.4819
3.389
3.3013
5.8098
5.5567
5.3274
5.1184
4.9265
4.0424
3.9264
3.8174
3.7147
3.6184
ft/sec
755
663
476
561
883
676
1099
1621
Note: the speed of sound in gases is measured at 32°F (0°C)
except ethane and nitric oxide which is measured at 50°F (10°C).
The speed of sound in vapors is measured at 206°F (97°C) except
water which is measured at 270°F (134°C).
A - 23
Properties: Dielectric Constants of Liquids
This listing contains dielectric values for the most commonly
used materials. This information can be used to help select a
probe, establish how much capacitance information your
particular application will develop, or determine the effect of a
coating on the probe.
Liquids
Acenaphthene
Acetal
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldoxime
Acetamide
Acetanilide
Acetic Acid
Acetic Anhydride
Acetone
Acetone
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acetophenone
Acetoxime
Acetylacetone
Acetylbromide
Acetylchloride
Acetylmethyl Hexyl Ketone
Acrylic Resin
Aliphatic Amine
Allyl Alcohol
Allyl Bromide
Allyl Chloride
Allyl Iodide
Allyl Isothiocyanate
Alluminum Bromide
Alluminum Oleate
Alox 600
Aminox
Ammonia
Ammonia
Ammonia
Ammonia, Aqueous
Amyl Acetate
Amyl Alcohol
Amyl Alcohol
Amyl Alcohol
Amylamine
Amyl Benzoate
Amyl Bromide
Amyl Chloride
Amylene
Amylene Bromide
Amyl Ether
Amyl Formate
Amyl Iodide
Amylmercapton
Amyl Nitrate
Amyl Thiocyanate
Aniline
Aniline
Aniline
Anisaldehyde
Anisoldoxine
Anisole
Antimony Pentachloride
Antimony Tribromide
Antimony Trichloride
Antimony Tricodide
Arsenic Tribromide
A - 24
Temperature
°F
°C
70
70
50
70
68
71
65
70
75
80
130
70
75
75
68
68
68
66
70
195
70
66
68
66
64
212
68
130
275
-30
-104
75
70
68
-180
68
140
72
68
50
52
70
58
60
66
62
68
62
68
32
68
212
68
145
68
68
212
166
347
98
21
21
10
21
20
22
18
21
24
27
54
21
24
24
20
20
20
19
20
90
21
19
20
19
18
100
20
54
135
-34
-75
24
21
20
-118
20
60
22
20
10
11
21
14
16
19
17
20
17
20
0
20
100
20
63
20
20
100
74
175
37
Dielectric
Constant
3.0
3.6
22.2
3.4
4.0
2.9
6.1
22.0
20.7
20.7
17.7
37.5
17.3
3.0
23.1
16.5
15.8
27.9
3.0
7.2
21.0
7.0
8.2
6.1
17.5
3.4
2.4
4.1
2.4
22.4
25.0
16.9
16.8
5.0
35.5
15.8
11.2
4.6
5.1
6.3
6.6
2.0
5.6
3.1
5.7
6.9
4.7
9.1
17.4
7.8
7.3
5.5
15.8
9.2
4.3
3.2
20.9
33.0
13.9
9.0
Non-conductive materials are those with dielectric values less
than 10. Conductive materials are those with dielectric values
greater than 10.
Liquids
Arsenic Trichloride
Arsenic Triiodide
Arsine
Asphalt
Azoxyanisole
Azoxybenzene
BPA
Beef Talo
Benzal Chloride
Benzaldehyde
Benzaldoxime
Benzene
Benzil
Benzonitrile
Benzonitrile
Benzophenone
Benzophenone
Benzotrichloride
Benzoylacetone
Benzoyl Chloride
Benzoyl Chloride
Benzyl Acetate
Benzyl Alcohol
Benzylamine
Benzyl Benzoate
Benzyl Chloride
Benzyl Cyanide
Benzyl Ethylamine
Benzyl Methylamine
Benzyl Salicylate
Bornyl Acetate
Boron Bromide
Boronyl Chloride
Bromal
Bromocotyl Bromide
Bromohexadecane
Bromine
Bromo-2-Ethoxyheptane
Bromoaniline
Bromoanisole
Bromobenzene
Bromobutylene
Bromobutyric Acid
Bromodecane
Bromodocosane
Bromododocane
Bromo-2-Othoxypentane
Bromoform
Bromoheptane
Bromohexane
Bromolsovoleric Acid
Bromonaphtholene
Bromooctodecane
Bromopentaeocane
Bromoproplonic Acid
Bromotoluene
Bromotridecone
Bromoundecone
Butadiene
Butane
N-Butylacetate
Temperature
°F
°C
70
302
-58
75
122
104
68
70
68
68
68
68
202
68
160
68
122
68
68
158
75
70
68
68
68
68
68
68
67
68
70
32
202
70
68
76
68
68
66
86
68
68
68
76
130
76
76
68
76
76
68
66
86
68
68
68
50
15
77
30
66
21
150
-50
24
50
40
20
21
20
20
20
20
95
20
71
20
50
20
20
70
24
21
20
20
20
20
20
20
19
20
21
0
95
21
20
24
20
20
19
30
20
20
20
24
54
24
24
20
24
24
20
19
30
20
20
20
10
–9
25
–1
19
Dielectric
Constant
12.4
7.0
2.7
2.7
2.3
5.1
5.0
2.8
6.9
17.0
3.8
2.3
13.0
26.0
22.0
13.0
11.4
7.4
3.8
22.1
19.0
5.0
13.0
4.6
4.8
6.4
18.3
4.3
4.4
4.1
4.6
2.6
5.2
7.6
12.6
3.7
3.1
5.5
13.0
7.1
5.4
5.8
7.2
4.4
3.1
4.1
6.5
4.4
5.3
5.8
6.5
5.1
3.5
3.9
11.0
5.1
4.2
4.7
2.4
1.4
5.1
Properties: Dielectric Constants of Liquids (cont.)
Liquids
Iso-Butylacetate
Iso-Butylamine
N-Butyl Alcohol
Iso-Butyl Alcohol
Iso-Butyl Alochol
Iso-Butyl Alcohol
Butylomine
N-Butyl Bromide
Butyl Chlorol
Butyl Chloride
N-Butyl Formate
N-Butyl Iodide
Iso-Butyl Iodide
Iso-Butyl Nitrate
Butyric Anhydride
Butyroldehyda
Butyric Acid
N-Butyricacid
Iso-Butyric Acid
Butyric Anhydride
Butyronitrile
Iso-Butyronitrile
Cable Oil
Camphanedione
Camphene
Camphorpinacane
Caproic Acid
Caprolactum
Caprylic Acid
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Disulfide
Carbon Tetrachloride
Carvenone
Carveol
Carvone
Castor Oil
Castor Oil
Camphene
Camphoric Imide
Cetyl Iodide
Chloral Hydrate
Chlorocetic Acid
Chlorine
Chloroocelle Acid
Chloroacetone
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Chlorocyclohexane
Chloroheptane
Chloroform
Chlorohexanone oxime
Chlorohydrate
Chloronophtholene
O-Chlorophenol
3-Chloro-1, Dihydroxprone
Chlorooctane
Chlorotoluene
Cholestrol
Chorine
Chromyl Chloride
Cis-3-Hexene
Cinnamaldehyde
Citranconic Anhydride
Cocaine
Copper Oleate
Creosol
O-Cresol
M-Cresol
P-Cresol
Temperature
°F
°C
68
70
66
112
32
68
70
68
64
68
317
77
68
66
68
79
68
68
68
68
70
75
75
398
68
68
160
180
65
32
-110
68
68
68
64
71
58
75
104
480
68
59
140
32
68
68
68
212
76
71
32
192
68
76
66
68
76
68
80
170
68
76
75
68
68
68
62
75
75
75
20
21
19
45
0
20
21
20
18
20
158
25
20
19
20
26
20
20
20
20
21
24
24
203
20
20
71
82
18
0
-80
20
20
20
18
22
14
24
40
249
20
15
60
0
20
20
20
100
24
22
0
89
20
24
19
20
24
20
27
77
20
24
24
20
20
20
17
24
24
24
Dielectric
Constant
5.6
4.5
7.8
31.7
20.5
18.7
5.4
6.6
10.0
9.6
2.4
6.1
5.8
11.9
12.0
13.4
2.8
2.9
2.7
12.9
20.7
20.8
2.2
16.0
2.7
3.6
2.6
13.1
3.2
1.6
2.1
2.6
2.2
18.4
11.2
11.0
4.8
2.6
2.3
5.5
3.3
5.5
12.3
2.0
21.0
29.8
5.9
4.7
7.6
5.5
5.5
3.0
3.3
5.0
8.2
31.0
5.1
4.7
2.9
1.7
2.6
2.1
16.9
40.3
3.1
2.8
10.6
5.8
5.0
5.6
Liquids
Temperature
°F
°C
Cresol
75
Crisco Oil
130
Crotonic Nitrice
68
Cumaldehyde
59
Cumene
68
Cumicaldehyde
58
Cupric Oxide
60
Cyanoacetic Acid
40
Cyanoethyl Acetate
68
Cyanogen
73
Cyclohedane
68
Cyclohexane
68
Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid
88
Cyclohexanone oxime
192
Cyclohexanemethanol
140
Cyclohexanone
68
Cyclohexylomine
–5
Cyclohexylphenol
130
Cyclohexyltrifluoromethane
-120
Cyclohexanol
77
Cyclopentane
68
P-Cymene
63
Cymene
62
Decahydronaphthalene
68
Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane
68
Decamethyltetrasiloxane
68
Decane
68
Decane
340
Decylene
62
Decyne
68
Decanol
68
Deuterium
68
Deuterium Oxide
76
Diacetoxybutane
76
Diallyl Sufide
68
Dibenzyl Sebacate
68
Dibroheptane
24
Dibromobenzene
68
P-Dibromobenzene
190
Dibromobutane
68
Dibromoethylene
32
Dibromomethane
50
Dibromoheptane
76
Dibromohexane
76
Dibromopropane
68
Dibromopropyl Alcohol
70
Dibenzylomine
68
Dibutyl phtolote
86
Dibutyl tartrote
109
Dichlorocetic Acid
68
Dibutyl sebacote
86
Dichlorocotone
68
O-Dichlorobenzone
77
P-Dichlorobenzone
68
O-Dichlorobenzene
68
Dichlorobenzene
127
1, 2-Dichloroethane
77
Dichloroethane
68
Dichlorostyrene
76
Dichlorotoluene
68
Dicyclohexyladipate
95
Diesel
70
1-Diethoxyethane
76
Diethyloniline
66
Diethyl Benzalmalamate
32
Diethyl Di-malmate
64
Diethyl Disulfide
64
Diethyl Glutarate
86
Diethyl Ketone
58
Diethyl-L-malate
68
24
54
20
15
20
14
16
4
20
23
20
20
31
89
60
20
–21
54
-84
25
20
17
17
20
20
20
20
171
17
20
20
20
24
24
20
20
-4
20
88
20
0
10
24
24
20
21
20
30
43
20
30
20
25
20
20
53
25
20
24
20
35
21
24
19
0
18
18
30
14
20
Dielectric
Constant
5.0
2.2
28.0
11.0
2.4
10.7
18.1
33.0
19.3
2.6
2.0
2.0
2.6
3.0
9.7
18.2
5.3
4.0
11.0
15.0
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.5
2.4
2.0
1.8
2.7
2.2
8.1
1.3
78.3
6.6
4.9
4.6
5.1
8.8
4.5
5.7
7.7
7.8
5.1
5.0
4.3
9.1
3.6
6.4
9.4
10.7
4.5
14.0
7.5
2.9
7.5
2.8
10.7
16.7
2.6
6.9
4.8
1.9
3.8
5.5
8.0
10.2
15.9
6.7
17.3
9.5
A - 25
Liquids
Diethyl Malanate
Diethylamine
Diethyl Oxalate
Diethyl Oxalacetate
Diethyl Racemote
Diethyl Sebacate
Diethyl Succinate
Diethyl Succinosuccinate
Diethyl Sulfide
Diethyl Sulfite
Diethyl Tortrate
Diethyl Disulfide
Dihydrocoroane
Dihydrocorvane
Diimylamine
Diioomylene
Diiodoethylene
Diiodomethane
Diisoomyl
Diisobutylomine
Dimethoxybenzene
Dimethylbromoethylene
Dimethyldichloro Silane
Dimethyleyclohexyomine
Dimethyloniline
Dimethyl Ethyl
Dimethyl Ethyl Carbinol
Dimethylheptane
Dimethyl-2-hexane
Dimethyl-1-Hydroxybenzene
Dimethyl Malanate
Dimethyl Oxalate
Dimethylpentane
Dimethylquinoxaline
Dimethyl Sulfide
Dimethyl Sulfate
D imethyltoluidine
M-Dinitro Benzene
Dinitrogen Oxide
Dinitrogen Tetroxide
Dioctyl phthalate
Dioxane 1,4
Dipolmitin
Dipentene
Diphenyl
Diphenylomine
Diphenylethane
Diphenyl Ether
Diphenylmethane
Diproppylomine
Dipropyl Ketone
Distearin
Docosane
Dodeanol
Dodecamethylcyclohexisolox
Dodecamethylpentasiloxane
Dodecyne
Dowtherm
Epichlorohydrin
Epon Resin
Ethonediomine
Ethanethiol
Ethanethiolic Acid
Ethanol
Ethenolamine
Ether
Ethoxybenzene
Ethoxyethyl Acetate
Ethoxypentane
Ethoxy-3-metylbutane
A - 26
Temperature
°F
°C
70
68
70
66
68
86
86
66
68
68
68
66
66
66
64
62
180
76
62
71
73
68
68
180
68
68
68
68
68
62
68
68
68
76
68
68
68
68
32
58
76
77
161
68
166
125
230
82
62
70
62
172
122
76
68
68
76
70
68
75
68
58
68
77
68
75
68
86
73
68
21
20
21
19
20
30
30
19
20
20
20
19
19
19
18
17
82
24
17
22
23
20
20
82
20
20
20
20
20
17
20
20
20
24
20
20
20
20
0
14
24
25
72
20.
74
52
110
28
17
21
17
78
50
24
20
20
24
21
20
24
20
14
20
25
20
25
20
30
23
20
Dielectric
Constant
7.9
3.7
8.2
6.1
4.5
5.0
6.6
2.5
7.2
15.9
4.5
15.9
8.7
8.5
2.5
2.4
4.0
5.3
2.0
2.7
4.5
6.7
12.3
4.4
4.4
11.7
11.7
1.9
2.4
4.8
10.4
3.0
1.9
2.3
6.3
55.0
3.3
2.8
1.6
2.5
5.1
2.2
3.5
2.3
2.5
3.3
2.4
3.9
2.6
2.9
12.6
3.3
2.0
6.5
2.6
2.5
2.2
3.4
22.9
13.3
14.2
6.9
13.0
24.3
37.0
4.3
4.2
7.6
3.6
4.0
Liquids
Ethoxytoluene
Ethoxynaphthalene
Ethyl Acetate
Ethyl Acetoacetate
Ethyl Acetoneoxalate
Ethyl Acetophenoneoxalate
Ethyl Alcohol
Ethyl Acrylate
Ethylamine
Ethyl Amyl Ether
Ethyloniline
Ethyl Benzene
Ethyl Benzoate
Ethyl Benzoylacetate
Ethyl Benzoylacetoacetate
Ethyl Benzyl Ether
Ethyl 1-Brombutyrate
Ethyl Bromide
Ethyl Bromoisobutyrate
Ethyl Bromoproprionate
Ethyl Butyrate
Ethyl Carbonate
Ethyl Chloracetate
Ethyl Chloroformate
Ethyl Chloropropionate
Ethyl Cinnamate
Ethyl Cyanoacetate
Ethyl Cyclobutane
Ethyl Dodeconoate
Ethylene
Ethylene Chloride
Ethylene Chlorohydrin
Ethylene Cyanide
Ethylenediamine
Ethylene Glycol
Ethylene Oxide
Ethyl Ether
Ethyl Ether
Ethyl Ether
Ethyl Ethoxybenzoate
Ethyl Formate
Ethyl Formylphenylacetate
Ethyl Fumorate
Ethyl Iodide
Ethyl 2-Iodoproprionate
Ethyl Iso-Thioconate
Ethyl Isothiocyanate
Ethyl Levulinate
Ethyl Maleate
Ethyl Mercoptan
Ethyl Nitrate
Ethyl Oleate
Ethyl Polmitate
Ethyl Pentane
Ethyl Phenylacetate
Ethyl Propionate
Ethyl Solicylate
Ethyl Silicate
Ethyl Stearate
Ethyl Toluene
Ethyl Trichloroacetate
Ethyl Thiocyanate
Ethyl Undeconoate
Ethyl Volerate
Ethyl Benzene
Etibine
Eugenol
Fenchone
Ferric Oleate
Ferrous Oxide
Temperature
°F
°C
68
66
68
71
66
66
77
257
70
68
68
68
68
68
70
68
68
64
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
66
68
68
68
68
68
75
136
64
68
30
–148
–40
68
70
66
68
73
68
68
68
68
70
73
68
68
80
68
68
70
68
70
68
104
76
68
68
68
68
76
–58
64
68
68
60
20
19
20
22
19
19
25
125
21
20
20
0
20
20
21
20
20
18
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
19
20
20
20
20
20
24
58
18
20
–1
–100
–40
20
21
19
20
23
20
20
20
20
21
23
20
20
27
20
20
21
20
21
20
40
24
20
20
20
20
24
–50
18
20
20
16
Dielectric
Constant
3.9
3.3
6.4
15.9
16.1
3.3
24.3
11.7
6.3
4.0
5.9
5.5
6.0
12.8
8.6
3.8
8.0
4.9
7.9
9.4
5.1
3.1
11.6
11.3
10.1
5.3
27.0
2.0
3.4
1.6
10.5
25.0
58.3
16.0
37.0
13.9
8.1
5.7
4.3
7.1
8.4
3.0
6.5
7.4
8.8
19.7
19.7
12.1
8.5
8.0
19.7
3.2
3.2
1.9
5.4
5.7
8.6
4.1
3.0
2.2
7.8
29.6
3.6
4.7
3.0
2.5
6.1
12.0
2.6
14.2
Liquids
Temperature
°F
°C
Ferrous Sulfate
58
Flexol
75
Flourine
-332
Fluorotoluene
86
Formamide
68
Formic Acid
60
Freon 12
70
Freon 11
70
Freon 113
70
Furan
76
Furfuraldehyde
68
Furmanium Tetrachloride
76
Furfural
70
Gasoline
70
Germanium Tetrachloride
77
Grapeseed Oil
60
Glycerine
68
Glycerol
68
Glycerol
32
Glycerol Triacetate
70
Glycol
68
Glycol
122
Glycolic Nitrile
68
Guaiacol
0
Glucohepititol
248
Hagemannic Ester
68
Helium-3
58
Heptadecconome
140
Heptane
68
Heptanone
68
Heptanoic Acid
160
Heptyl Alcohol
70
Hexamethylene
75
Hexamethylene Diamine
150
Hexomethyldisiloxane
68
Hexane
68
Hexanol
76
Hexanone
59
Hexdecamethylcyloheptasiloxane
68
Hexyl Iodide
68
Hexylene
62
Hydrocyanic Acid
70
Hydrofluoric Acid
32
Hydrogen
-423
Hydrogen Bromide
76
Hydrogen Chloride
82
Hydrogen Cyanide
70
Hydrogen Fluoride
32
Hydrogen Iodide
72
Hydrogen Peroxide
32
Hydrogen Sulfide
–120
Hydrogen Sulfide
48
Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2-Pentanone
76
Hydroxymethylene Camphor
86
Hydroxymethylenebenzyl Cyanide
68
Hydrazine
68
Indanol
140
Ido-Iedohexodecane
68
Iodine
284
Iodohexane
68
Iodoheptane
71
Iodomethane
68
Iodotoluene
68
Isoamyl Alcohol
74
Iodooctane
76
Isoamyl Bromide
76
Isoamyl Butyrate
68
Isoamyl Chlorocetate
68
Isoamyl Chloride
64
Isoamyl Chloroformate
68
14
24
-20
30
20
16
21
21
21
24
20
24
21
21
25
16
20
20
0
21
20
50
20
–18
120
20
14
60
20
20
71
21
24
66
20
20
24
15
20
20
17
21
0
-253
24
28
21
0
22
0
–84
9
24
30
20
20
60
20
140
20
22
20
20
23
24
24
20
20
18
20
Dielectric
Constant
14.2
5.3
1.5
4.2
84.0
58.5
2.4
3.1
2.6
2.9
41.9
2.4
42.0
2.0
2.4
2.9
47.0
43.0
47.2
6.0
42.2
35.6
27.0
11.0
27.0
10.6
1.1
5.3
1.9
11.9
2.6
6.7
14.1
6.0
2.2
1.9
13.3
14.6
2.7
6.6
2.0
2.3
83.6
1.2
3.8
4.6
95.4
84.0
2.9
84.2
9.3
5.8
18.2
5.2
6
52.9
7.8
3.5
11.0
5.4
4.9
7.0
6.1
15.3
4.6
6.1
3.9
7.8
6.4
7.8
Liquids
Temperature
°F
°C
Isoamyl Iodide
65
Isoamyl Propionate
68
Isoamyl Solicylate
68
Isoamyl Volerate
66
Isobutyl Acetate
68
Isobutyl Alcohol
68
Isobutylamine
70
Isobutyl Benzene
62
Isobutyl Benzoate
68
Isobutyl Bromide
68
Isobutyl Bulyrate
68
Isobutyl Chloride
68
Isobutyl Cyanide
74
Isobutyl Chloroformate
68
Isobutyl Formate
66
Isobutylene Bromide
68
Isobutyl Iodide
68
Isobutyl Nitrate
66
Isobutyl Rininoleate
70
Isobutyl Volerate
66
Isobutryic Acid
68
Isobutryic Anhydride
68
Isobutyronitrila
75
Isocopronitrilo
68
Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)
68
Isopropylamine
68
Isopropyl Benzene
68
Isopropylether
77
Isopropyl Nitrate
66
Isoquinoline
76
Isonofrol
70
IsoValeric Acid
68
Jet Fuel (Military—JP4)
70
Kerosene
70
Lactic Acid
66
Lactonitrilla
68
Lead Carbonate
60
Lead Nomoxide
60
Lead Oleate
64
Lead Tetrachloride
68
Lecithin
120
Lemon Oil
70
Limonene
68
Linseed Oil
55
Linoleic Acid
32
Lonone
65
Malonic Nitrate
97
Maleic Anhydride
140
Mannitol
71
Mandelic Nitrile
73
Mandenitrile
73
Menthol
107
Menthenol
110
Methallmine
77
Methoxyethyl Stearate
140
Mercury Diethyl
68
Mesitylene
68
Mesitylene
68
Mesityl Oxide
68
Methal Cyanacetate
69
Methane
32
Methane
-280
Methanol
77
Methoxybenzene
76
Methoxytoluene
68
Methoxy-4-Methylphenol
60
Methyl Acetate
68
Methyl Acetopheononoaxalate
64
Methylal
68
Methyl Alcohol
–112
18
20
20
20
20
20
21
17
20
20
20
20
23
20
18
20
20
19
21
19
20
20
24
20
20
20
20
25
19
24
21
20
21
21
19
20
16
16
18
20
49
21
20
13
0
18
36
60
22
23
23
42
43
25
60
20
20
20
20
21
0
-173
25
24
20
16
20
18
20
–80
Dielectric
Constant
5.6
4.2
5.4
3.6
5.6
18.7
4.5
2.3
5.9
6.6
4.0
7.1
13.3
9.2
6.5
4.0
5.8
11.9
4.7
3.8
2.6
13.9
20.8
15.7
18.3
5.5
2.4
3.9
11.5
10.7
3.4
2.7
1.7
1.8
19.4
38.4
18.1
25.9
3.2
2.8
3.5
2.3
2.3
3.4
2.9
10.0
47.0
51.0
3.0
18.1
17.0
4.0
2.1
9.4
3.4
2.3
2.4
3.4
15.4
29.4
1.6
1.7
33.6
4.3
3.5
11.0
7.3
2.8
2.7
56.6
A - 27
Liquids
Methyl Alcohol
Methyl Alcohol
Methylamine
Methyl Benzoate
Methyl Benzylamine
Methyl Butane
Methyl Butyl Ketone
Methyl Butyrate
Methyl Chloracetate
Methyl Chloride
Methyl Cyclohexonal
Methyl Cyclohexanone
Methyl Cyclopentane
Methyl-1-Cyclopentanol
Methylene Chloride
Methylene Iodide
Methyl Ether
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Methyl Ethyl Ketoxime
Methyl Heptanol
Methyl Hexane
Methyl Kezyl Ketone
Methyl Iodide
Methyl-5 Ketocyclohexylene
Methyl Nitrobenzoate
Methyl Octane
Methoxyphenol
Methyl O-Methoxybenzoate
Methyl-2, 4-Pentonddiol
Methyl-2-Pentoene
Methylphenyl Hydrazin
Methyl Propionate
Methyl Propyl Ketone
Methyl p-toluate
Methyl Salicylate
Methyl Thiocyanate
Methyl Trichloro Silane
Methyl Tertiary-butyl Ether
(MTBE)
Methyl Volorate
Metilox
Mineral Oil
Misella
Monomyristin
Monopalmitin
Monostearin
Nanene
Naptha
Napthalene
Napthalene
Napthonitrile
Napthtyl Ethyl Ether
Nitric Acid
Nitroenisole
Nitrobenzol Doxime
Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzyl Alcohol
Nitroethane
Nitrogen
Nitromethane
Nitroglycerin
Nitrosodimethylamine
Nitrosyl Bromide
Nitrosyl Chloride
Nitrotoluene
Nitrous Oxide
Nonane
O-Chlorophenol
A - 28
Temperature
°F
°C
32
68
70
68
65
68
62
68
68
77
68
192
68
95
70
70
78
72
68
68
68
62
68
68
80
69
82
70
86
68
66
66
58
91
68
68
68
68
66
160
80
68
158
152
170
50
68
185
68
70
67
57
68
248
68
77
176
68
68
-203
68
68
68
4
10
68
32
68
66
0
20
21
20
18
20
17
20
20
25
20
89
20
35
20
21
26
22
20
20
20
17
20
20
27
21
28
21
30
21
19
19
14
33
20
20
20
20
19
71
27
20
70
67
77
10
20
85
20
21
19
14
20
120
20
25
80
20
20
-130
20
20
20
-16
-12
20
0
20
19
Dielectric
Constant
37.5
33.1
10.5
6.6
4.4
1.8
12.4
5.6
12.9
12.9
13.0
18.0
2.0
6.9
9.3
5.1
5.0
18.4
3.4
5.3
1.9
10.7
7.1
24.0
27.0
30.0
11.0
7.8
24.4
13.1
7.3
5.4
16.8
4.3
9.0
35.9
6.8
2.6
4.3
4.5
2.1
1.9
6.1
5.3
4.9
2.0
2.0
2.3
2.5
6.4
3.2
40.0
24.0
48.1
36.1
34.9
26.3
22.0
19.7
1.5
39.4
19.0
54.0
13.4
18.2
25.0
1.6
2.0
8.2
Liquids
Octadecanol
Octamethyltrisiloxane
Octanone
Octane
Octane
Octyl Alcohol
Octylene
Octyl Iodide
Octic Acid
Oil, Almond
Oil, Cottonseed
Oil, Grapeseed
Oil, Lemon
Oil, Linseed
Oil, Olive
Oil, Paraffin
Oil, Peanut
Oil, Petroleum
Oil, Pyranol
Oil, Sesame
Oil, Sperm
Oil, Terpentine
Oil, Transformer
Oleic Acid
Oxygen
Palmitic Acid
Paraffin
Paraldehyde
Peanut Oil
Pentochloroethane
Pentane
Phenethiene
Phenenthrene
Phenetidine
Phenetole
Phenol
Phenol Ether
Phenol Isobuthyl
Phenoxyacetylene
Phenylacetaldehyde
Phenylacetanitrile
Phenylacetate
Phenylacetic
Phenylethanol
Phenylethyl Acetate
Phenylisocyanate
Phenyliso-Thiocyanate
Phosgene
Phenyl-1-Iropane
Phosphine
Phosphorus
Phenylsolicylate
Phtholide
Pinocolin
Pinocone
Pinane
Piperidine
Propane
Propionoldehyde
Propionic Acid
Propionic Anhydride
Propionitrile
Propyl Acetate
Propyl Alcohol
Propyl Benzene
Propyl Bromide
Propyl Butyrate
Propyl Cholorformate
Propyl Ether
Propyl Formate
Temperature
°F
°C
136
68
68
68
76
64
65
68
68
68
57
61
70
55
68
68
52
68
68
55
68
68
68
68
-315
160
68
68
110
60
68
68
230
70
70
130
85
85
76
68
80
68
68
68
58
68
68
32
68
–76
93
122
166
62
75
68
68
32
62
66
60
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
78
66
58
20
20
20
24
18
18
20
20
20
14
16
21
13
20
20
11
20
20
13
20
20
20
20
-193
71
20
20
43
16
20
20
110
21
21
54
29
29
24
20.
27
20
20
20
14
20
20
0
20
–60
34
50
75
17
24
20
20
0
17
19
16
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
26
19
Dielectric
Constant
3.4
2.3
10.3
2.0
2.1
3.4
4.1
4.9
2.5
2.8
3.1
2.9
2.3
3.4
3.1
2.2–4.7
3.0
2.1
5.3
3.0
3.2
2.2
2.2
2.5
1.5
2.3
2.2
14.5
3.5
3.7
1.8
2.8
2.7
7.3
4.5
8.8
9.8
14.9
4.8
4.8
18.0
6.9
3.0
13.0
4.5
8.9
10.7
4.7
2.7
2.5
4.1
6.3
36.0
12.8
7.4
2.7
5.9
1.6
18.9
3.1
18.0
27.7
6.3
21.8
2.4
7.2
4.3
11.2
3.4
7.9
Liquids
Propyl Nitrate
Propyl Propionate
Propyl Volerate
Prnopylene
Pseudocumene
Pulegone
Pulezone
Pyridine
Pyroanol Oil
Quinoline
Quinoline
Safrol
Salicyladehyde
Santowax
Sealtherm 800
Sealtherm XLT
Selenium
Sesame Oil
Silicon Tetrachloride
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium Oleate
Sorbitol
Stannic Chloride
Stearic Acid
Styrene (phenylethene)
Succinamide
Succinic Acid
Sulfur Dioxide
Sulfurous Oxychloride
Sulfur Monochloride
Sulfur Trioxide
Sulfuryl Chloride
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur Dioxide
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Oxychloride
Sulfur Trioxide
Tallow (Beef)
Tallowamine
Tartaric Acid
Tartaric Acid
Terpinene
Terpineol
Tetrobromiethone
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetradecamethylcycloheptas
Tetraethyl Silicate
Tetradecanal
Tetraethyl Amylenetetrarar
Tetraethyl Propane Tetracarboxylate
Tetraethyl Propylene Tetracarboxylate
Tetrahydro-B-Naphthol
Tetratriocontadiene
Tetronitrimethane
Thioacetic Acid
Thionyl Bromide
Thionyl Chloride
Thiophene
Thiophosphoryl Chloride
Tin Tetrochloride
Titanium Tetrochloride
Thujone
Toluene
Toluidine
Tolunitrile
Totane
Tolyl Methyl Ether
Trans-3-Hexane
Transformer Oil
Temperature
°F
°C
64
68
65
77
60
68
66
68
68
77
460
70
68
70
750
750
482
55
60
70
68
176
72
71
77
72
78
-4
72
58
64
72
752
245
32
68
72
70
68
108
68
58
70
68
68
70
68
68
100
66
66
66
68
70
68
68
68
68
68
70
68
68
32
68
68
73
111
68
76
68
18
20
18
25
16
20
19
20
20
25
238
21
20
21
400
400
250
13
16
20
20
80
22
160
25
22
26
-20
22
14
18
22
400
118
0
20
22
21
20
42
20
14
21
20
20
21
20
20
38
189
19
19
20
21
20
20
20
20
20
21
20
20
0
20
20
23
44
20
24
20
Dielectric
Constant
14.2
4.7
4.0
1.9
2.4
9.5
9.7
12.5
5.3
9.0
5.1
3.1
13.9
2.3
2.2
2.3
5.4
3.0
2.4
80.0
2.7
33.5
3.2
2.3
2.4
2.9
2.4
17.6
9.1
4.8
3.1
10.0
3.4
3.5
15.6
84.0
9.2
3.6
2.8
2.6
6.0
35.9
2.7
2.8
7.1
2.5
2.7
4.1
4.7
4.4
5.2
5.2
11.0
2.8
2.2
13.0
9.1
9.3
2.8
5.8
2.9
2.8
10.0
2.4
6.0
18.8
5.5
3.5
2.0
2.2
Liquids
Transmission Oil
Trichloroethane
Triethylamine
Triethylamine
Trifluoroacetic Acid
Trinitrotoluene
Triethyl Ethanetricarbox
Trimethyl-3-Heptane
Tribomopropane
Tributylphosphate
Trichloroacetic Acid
Trichlorotoluene
Trichloroethylene
Trichloropropane
Tricosanane
Tricosyl Phosphate
Triethyl Aconitate
Triethylamine
Triethylene Glycol (TEG)
Triethyl Aluminum
Triethyl Isoaconitate
Trifluoroactic Acid
Trifluorotoluene
Triethylomine
Trimethylbenzene
Trimethylborate
Trimethylbutane
Trimethylpentane
Trimethylsulfanilic Acid
Trinitrobenzene
Trinitrotoluene
Triolein
Tripolmitin
Triphenylmethane
Tristearin
Turpentine
Undecane
Undecanone
Urea
Urethane
Valaraldehyde
Valeric Acid
Valeronitrile
Vanadium Oxybromide
Vanadium Oxychloride
Vanadium Tetrachloride
Vegetable Oil
Vegetable Oil
Veratrol
Vinyl Ether
Water
Water
Water
Water (Ultra-Clean, DI)
Wax
Xylene
Xylenol
Xylidine
Temperature
°F
°C
80
68
75
39
68
68
66
68
68
86
141
70
61
76
176
104
68
70
70
68
68
68
86
39
68
68
68
68
64
68
69
76
140
212
158
68
68
58
71
74
58
62
70
78
78
78
100
230
73
68
32
68
212
68
100
68
62
68
27
20
24
4
20
20
19
20
20
30
61
21
16
24
80
40
20
21
21
20
20
20
30
4
20
20
20
20
18
20
21
24
60
100
70
20
20
14
22
23
14
17
21
26
26
26
38
110
23
20
0
20
100
20
38
20
17
20
Dielectric
Constant
2.2
7.5
2.4
2.9
39.0
22.0
6.5
2.2
6.4
8.0
4.5
6.9
3.4
2.4
4.0
6.9
6.4
3.2
24.2
2.9
7.2
39.0
9.2
2.9
2.3
8.2
1.9
2.0
89.0
2.2
22.0
3.2
2.9
2.5
2.8
2.2
2.0
8.4
3.5
3.2
11.8
2.6
17.7
3.6
3.4
3.0
4.0
3.3
4.5
3.9
88.0
80.0
48.0
12–15
7.5
2.4
3.9
5.0
A - 29
Properties: Dielectric Constants of Solids
Material
Acetamide
Acetanilide
Acetic Acid
Aluminum Phosphate
Ammonium Bromide
Ammonium Chloride
Antimony Trichloride
Asbestos
Asphalt
Bakelite
Barium Chloride
Barium Chloride
Barium Nitrate
Barium Sulfate
Calcium Carbonate
Calcium Fluoride
Calcium Sulfate
Cellulose
Cellulose Acetate
Cement
Cereals
Charcoal
Cupric Oleafe
Cupric Oxide
Cupric Sulfate
Diamond
Diphenylethane
Dolomite
Ferrous Oxide
Fly Ash
Glass
Iodine
Lead Acetate
Lead Carbonate
Lead Chloride
Lead Nomoxide
Lead Nitrate
Lead Oleate
Lead Oxide
Lead Sulfate
Magnesium Oxide
Malachite
Mercuric Chloride
Mercurous Chloride
Mica
Napthalane
A - 30
Dielectric
Constant
41.0
2.8
4.1
6.0
7.2
7.0
5.3
4.8
2.7
5.0
11.0
9.4
5.8
11.4
9.1
7.4
5.6
4.0
3.6–7.5
1.5–2.1
3.0–5.0
1.2–1.8
2.8
18.1
10.3
10.0
2.7
8.0
14.2
1.9–2.6
3.7–4.2
4.0
2.5
18.1
4.2
25.9
37.7
3.3
25.9
14.3
9.7
7.2
3.2
9.4
7.0
2.5
Material
Nylon
Paper
Paraffin
Phenonthrene
Phenol
Phosphorus, Red
Phosphorus, Yellow
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Porcelain
Potassium Aluminum Sulphate
Potassium Carbonate
Potassium Chlorate
Potassium Chloride
Potassium Chloronate
Potassium Iodide
Potassium Nitrate
Potassium Sulfate
Quartz
Resorcinol
Rice
Rubber
Sand
Selinium
Shellac
Silver Bromide
Silver Chloride
Silver Cyanide
Slate
Sodium Carbonate
Sodium Carbonate
Sodium Chloride
Sodium Nitrate
Sodium Oleate
Sodium Perchlorate
Sulfur
Sugar
Sucrose
Tantalum Oxide
Thallium Chloride
Thorium Oxide
P-Toluidine
Urea
Zinc Sulfide
Zirconium Oxide
Teflon
Dielectric
Constant
3.7
2.0
2.2
2.8
4.3
4.1
3.6
4.0–5.0
1.5
5.0–7.0
3.8
5.6
5.1
5.0
7.3
5.6
5.0
5.9
4.4
3.2
3.5
3.0
3.0–5.0
11.0
3.5
12.2
11.2
5.6
7.0
8.4
5.3
6.1
5.2
2.8
5.4
3.4
3.0
3.3
11.6
46.9
10.6
3.0
3.5
8.2
12.5
2.0
Properties: Viscosity of Gases and Vapors
The curves for hydrocarbon vapors and natural gases in the
chart at the upper right are taken from Maxwell; the curves for
all other gases (except helium) in the chart are based upon
Sutherland’s formula, as follows:
µ = µo
where:
)( )
(
0.555 To + C
0.555 T + C
T
To
⁄2
Air
.036
T = absolute temperature, in degrees Rankine (460 + deg. F)
for which viscosity is desired.
To = absolute temperature, in degrees Rankine, for which
viscosity is known.
C = Sutherland’s constant.
Note: The variation of viscosity with pressure is small for most
gases. For gases given on this page, the correction of viscosity for pressure is less than 10% for pressures up to 500 pounds
per square inch.
CO2
CO
SO2
NH3
H2
O2
Helium
µo = viscosity, in centipoise at temperature To.
O2
Air
N2
Viscosity of Various Gases
.040
3
µ = viscosity, in centipoise at temperature T.
Fluid
Viscosity of various gases
Approximate
Values of “C”
127
120
111
N2
CO 2
SO 2
.032
.028
CO
Sg =1.00
.024
H2
.016
.012
.008
0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
t – Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit
370
72
Lower chart example: The viscosity of carbon dioxide gas
(CO2) at about 80°F (26.7°) is 0.015 centipoise.
HYDRO
CARBON
VAPOR
AND
N ATURAL
GASES
.020
240
118
416
Upper chart example: The viscosity of sulphur dioxide gas
(SO2) at 200°F (93°C) is 0.016 centipoise.
Sg = .5
NH3
Sg = .75
Viscosity of Refrigerant Vapors
(saturated and superheated vapors)
.019
CO
.018
2
.017
.016
SO
.015
.014
2
F-12
F-11
.013
CI
CH 3
3
F-11
4
F-11
.012
.011
.010
.009
.008
.007
-40
NH 3
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
A - 31
Properties: Viscosity of Water and Steam
Temperature
°F (°C)
Saturated
Water
Saturated
Steam
1000
(538)
850
(454)
950
900
800
750
700
650
600
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
32
(510)
(482)
(427)
(399)
(371)
(343)
(316)
(288)
(260)
(232)
(204)
(177)
(149)
(121)
( 93)
( 66)
(37.8)
( 10)
(
0)
1
PSIA
2
PSIA
5
PSIA
.010
.010
.011
.667
.030
.029
.028
.026
.025
.024
.023
.022
.021
.020
.019
.018
.016
.015
.014
.013
.012
.011
.680
1.299
1.753
Values below the line are for water.
.524
.030
.029
.028
.026
.025
.024
.023
.022
.021
.020
.019
.018
.016
.015
.014
.013
.012
.011
.680
1.299
1.763
Viscosity of Water and Steam – in Centipoise (µ)
.388
10
PSIA
.313
.012
.030
.030
.029
.029
.028
.028
.026
.026
.025
.025
.024
.024
.023
.023
.022
.022
.021
.021
.020
.020
.019
.019
.018
.018
.016
.016
.015
.015
.014
.014
.013
.013
.012
.427
.680
1.299
1.753
.012
.427
.680
1.299
1.753
20
PSIA
.255
50
PSIA
.197
.012
.026
.028
.026
.025
.027
.025
.024
.025
.024
.023
.024
.023
.022
.023
.022
.021
.022
.021
.020
.021
.020
.019
.020
.019
.017
.019
.017
.016
.017
.016
.015
.016
.015
.014
.015
.014
.013
.182
.228
.300
.228
.300
.427
.300
.427
.427
.680
.680
.1299
1.299
1.753
Properties: Viscosity of Various Liquids
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
2.0
Example: The viscosity of ammonia at 40°F is 0.14 centipoise.
.029
.028
6.0
5.0
Carbon Dioxide ......................................................CO2
Ammonia ................................................................NH3
Methyl Chloride ......................................................CH3CI
Sulphur Dioxide......................................................SO2
Freon 12 .................................................................F-12
Freon 114 ...............................................................F-114
Freon 11 .................................................................F-11
Freon 113 ...............................................................F-113
Ethyl Alcohol ..........................................................C2H5OH
Isopropyl Alcohol ...................................................(CH3)2 CH20
20% Sulphuric Acid ...............................................20% H2SO4
Dowtherm E
Dowtherm A
20% Sodium Hydroxide.........................................20% NaOH
Mercury ..................................................................Hg
10% Sodium Chloride Brine ..................................10% NaCl
20% Sodium Chloride Brine ..................................20% NaCl
10% Calcium Chloride Brine .................................10% CaCl2
20% Calcium Chloride Brine .................................20% CaCl2
.030
.029
.028
1.753
.014
.030
.029
1.299
.164
.013
.030
.680
100
PSIA
1.753
200
PSIA
.138
.015
.030
.029
.028
.027
.025
.024
.023
.022
.021
.020
.018
.017
.016
.152
.183
.228
.300
.427
.680
1.299
1.752
500
PSIA
.111
.017
.030
.029
.028
.027
.026
.025
.023
.023
.021
.020
.018
.115
.131
.153
.183
.228
.300
.427
.680
1.299
1.751
.094
.019
.031
.030
.028
.027
.026
.025
.024
.023
.021
.019
.103
.116
.132
.154
.184
.229
.301
.428
.680
1.298
1.749
10
19
13 14
17
4.0
18
3.0
11
16
9
8
15
1.0
.9
.8
.7
.6
.5
5
.4
3
.3
2
12
7
6
4
.2
1
.1
.09
.08
.07
.06
.05
.04
.03
-40
0
40
80
120 160 200 240 280 320 360
A - 32
1000
PSIA
Properties: Viscosity of Liquid Petroleum Products
4000
20
3000
21
19
2000
18
17
1. Ethane (C2H6)
1000
800
2. Propane (C3H8)
3. Butane (C4H10)
600
4. Natural Gasoline
400
300
5. Gasoline
6. Water
16
7. Kerosene
200
8. Distillate
9. 48 Deg. API Crude
13
100
80
10. 40 Deg. API Crude
11. 35.6 Deg. API Crude
60
12. 32.6 Deg. API Crude
12
40
13. Salt Creek Crude
30
14. Fuel 3 (Max.)
11
15
20
15. Fuel 5 (Min.)
14
16. SAE 10 Lube (100 V.I.)
17. SAE 30 Lube (100 V.I.)
10
10
8
6
18. Fuel 5 (Max.) or
Fuel 6 (Min.)
8
19. SAE 70 Lube (100 V.I.)
4
20. Bunker C Fuel (Max.)
and M.C. Residuum
9
3
7
2
21. Asphalt
6
1.0
.8
5
.6
.4
4
.3
3
.2
2
.1
.8
1
.6
.4
.3
10
20
30
40
60
80 100
200
300
400
600
800 1000
Example: The viscosity of water at 125°F is 0.52 centipoise (Curve No. 6).
Note: Consult factory whenever viscosity of fluid exceeds 300 centipoise.
A - 33
Pipe Data: Dimensions of Blind Flanges
"O .D "
"B.C"
"D "
"T"
NOTE: Pressure ratings shown for forged steel flanges apply to all ASA/ANSI standard flanges.
Cast Iron–125#
Outside
Nominal
Dia. of
Thickness Bolt Circle
Dia. of
Pipe
“T”
Flange “O.D”
Size
“BC”
1"
11/2"
2"
21/2"
3"
31/2"
4"
5"
6"
8"
41/4"
5"
6"
7"
71/2"
81/2"
9"
10"
11"
131/2"
/16"
/16"
5
/8"
11
/16"
3
/4"
13
/16"
15
/16"
15
/16"
1"
11/8"
7
9
31/8"
37/8"
43/4"
51/2"
6"
7"
71/2"
81/2"
91/2"
113⁄4"
Dia. of
No. of Bolt Holes
Holes
“D”
4
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
/8"
/8"
3
/4"
3
/4"
3
/4"
3
/4"
3
/4"
7
/8"
7
/8"
7
/8"
5
5
Forged Steel – 150#
Outside
Dia. of
Dia. of
Nominal
Thickness Bolt Circle No. of Bolt Holes
Dia. of
Pipe
“T”
Holes
Flange “O.D.”
“BC”
“D”
Size
/2"
⁄4"
1"
11⁄2"
2"
21⁄2"
3"
31⁄2"
4"
5"
6"
8"
1
3
31⁄2"
37⁄8"
41⁄4"
5"
6"
7"
71⁄2"
81⁄2"
9"
10"
11"
131⁄2"
⁄16"
⁄2"
9
⁄16"
11
⁄16"
3
⁄4"
7
⁄8"
15
⁄16"
15
⁄16"
15
⁄16"
15
⁄16"
1"
1
⁄8"
7
1
23⁄8"
23⁄4"
31⁄8"
37⁄8"
43⁄4"
51⁄2"
6"
7"
71⁄2"
81⁄2"
91⁄2"
113⁄4"
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
⁄8"
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
5
5
Cast Iron–250#
Outside
Nominal
Dia. of
Thickness Bolt Circle
Dia. of
Pipe
“T”
Flange “O.D”
Size
“BC”
1"
11/2"
2"
21/2"
3"
31/2"
4"
5"
6"
8"
47/8"
61/8"
61/2"
71/2"
81/4"
9"
10"
11"
121/2"
15"
⁄16"
⁄16"
7
⁄8"
1"
11⁄8"
13⁄16"
11⁄4"
13⁄8"
17⁄16"
15⁄8"
11
13
31⁄2"
41⁄2"
5"
57⁄8"
65⁄8"
71⁄4"
77⁄8"
91⁄4"
105⁄8"
13"
Dia. of
No. of Bolt Holes
Holes
“D”
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
⁄2"
⁄4"
1"
11⁄2"
2"
21⁄2"
3"
31⁄2"
4"
5"
6"
8"
33⁄4"
45⁄8"
47⁄8"
61⁄8"
61⁄2"
71⁄2"
81⁄4"
9"
10"
11"
121⁄2"
15"
1
3
⁄16"
⁄8"
11
⁄16"
13
⁄16"
7
⁄8"
1"
11⁄8"
13⁄16"
11⁄4"
13⁄8"
17⁄16"
15⁄8"
9
5
25⁄8"
31⁄4"
31⁄2"
41⁄2"
5"
57⁄8"
65⁄8"
71⁄4"
77⁄8"
91⁄4"
105⁄8"
13"
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
/2"
⁄4"
1"
11⁄2"
2"
21⁄2"
3"
31⁄2"
4"
5"
6"
8"
3
A - 34
33⁄4"
45⁄8"
47⁄8"
61⁄8"
61⁄2"
71⁄2"
81⁄4"
9"
103⁄4"
13"
14"
161⁄2"
⁄16"
⁄8"
11
⁄16"
7
⁄8"
1"
11⁄8"
11⁄4"
13⁄16"
11⁄2"
13⁄4"
17⁄8"
23⁄16"
9
5
25⁄8"
31⁄4"
31⁄2"
41⁄2"
5"
57⁄8"
65⁄8"
71⁄4"
81⁄2"
101⁄2"
11⁄2"
133⁄4"
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
⁄8"
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
7
⁄8"
3
⁄4"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
1"
1"
11⁄8"
11⁄8"
11⁄4"
7
Outside
Dia. of
Dia. of
Nominal
Dia. of
Pipe
“T”
Holes
Flange “O.D.”
“BC”
“D”
Size
Outside
Dia. of
Dia. of
Nominal
Dia. of
Pipe
“T”
Holes
Flange “O.D.”
“BC”
“D”
Size
1
⁄4"
⁄8"
3
⁄4"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
1"
3
5
3
.06
"T"
150# & 300#
.25
"T"
600# & above
⁄8"
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
7
⁄8"
3
⁄4"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
1"
5
3
Pipe Data: Dimensions of Blind Flanges
Dia. of
Dia. of
Outside
Nominal
Dia. of
Pipe
Holes
“T”
“D”
“BC”
Flange “O.D.”
Size
/2"
⁄4"
1"
11⁄2"
2"
21⁄2"
3"
4"
5"
6"
8"
43⁄4"
51⁄8"
57⁄8"
7"
81⁄2"
95⁄8"
91⁄2"
111⁄2"
133⁄4"
15"
181⁄2"
1
3
⁄8"
1"
11⁄8"
11⁄4"
11⁄2"
15⁄8"
11⁄2"
13⁄4"
2"
23⁄16"
21⁄2"
31⁄4"
31⁄2"
4"
47⁄8"
61⁄2"
71⁄2"
71⁄2"
91⁄4"
11"
121⁄2"
151⁄2"
7
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
Dia. of
Dia. of
Outside
Nominal
Dia. of
Pipe
“T”
Holes
“D”
“BC”
Flange “O.D.”
Size
⁄8"
⁄8"
1"
11⁄8"
1"
11⁄8"
1"
11⁄4"
13⁄8"
11⁄4"
11⁄2"
7
/2"
⁄4"
1"
11⁄2"
2"
21⁄2"
3"
4"
5"
6"
8"
43⁄4"
51⁄8"
57⁄8"
7"
81⁄2"
95⁄8"
101⁄2"
121⁄4"
143⁄4"
151⁄2"
19"
1
7
3
⁄8"
1"
11⁄8"
11⁄4"
11⁄2"
15⁄8"
17⁄8"
21⁄8"
27⁄8"
31⁄4”
35⁄8"
7
31⁄4"
31⁄2"
4"
47⁄8"
61⁄2"
71⁄2"
8"
91⁄2"
111⁄2"
121⁄2"
151⁄2"
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
⁄8"
⁄8"
1"
11⁄8"
1"
11⁄8"
11⁄4"
13⁄8"
15⁄8"
11⁄2"
13⁄4"
7
7
Outside
Dia. of
Dia. of
Nominal
Dia. of
Pipe
Holes
“T”
Flange “O.D.”
“BC”
“D”
Size
/2"
⁄4"
1"
11⁄2"
2"
21⁄2"
3"
4"
5"
6"
8"
51⁄4"
51⁄2"
61⁄4"
8"
91⁄4"
101⁄2"
12"
14"
161⁄2"
19"
213⁄4"
1
3
13⁄16"
11⁄4"
13⁄8"
13⁄4"
2"
21⁄4"
25⁄8"
3"
35⁄8"
41⁄4"
5”
31⁄2"
33⁄4"
41⁄4"
53⁄4"
63⁄4"
73⁄4"
9"
103⁄4"
123⁄4"
141⁄2"
171⁄4"
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
12
Pipe Data: Flange Ratings
Flanges DIN versus ANSI
ANSI
Pressure Rating
125 lbs.
150 lbs.
300 lbs.
400 lbs.
600 lbs.
900 lbs.
1500 lbs.
2500 lbs.
PN
PN
PN
PN
PN
PN
PN
PN
DIN
6 / PN 10
16
25 / PN 40
64
100
150
250
320 / PN 400
1"
11/2"
2"
21⁄2"
3"
4"
5"
6"
⁄8"
⁄8"
1"
11⁄4"
11⁄8"
11⁄4"
13⁄8"
15⁄8"
17⁄8"
21⁄8"
21⁄8"
7
7
ANSI
.06
Temp.
°F
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
304
SS
304L or
316L
SS
310
SS
275
230
205
190
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
230
195
175
160
150
140
125
110
95
80
65
-
275
245
225
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
275
235
215
195
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
321
SS
347/
348
SS
275
250
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
275
255
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
A105
Carp.
Carbon
20SS
Steel
285
260
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
290
260
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
-
"T"
600# & above
150# & 300#
Sizes
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
Class 150 pressure-temperature ratings (pressure-PSIG)
316SS
316/
316L SS
Dual
Grade
.25
"T"
25
40
50
65
80
100
125
150
Type
Flat Face
Raised Face
= Form B flange
= Form C flange (Form E is
smoother facing finish)
Ring Joint Flange = Only for ANSI flanges
DIN
A DIN flange is never identical to an ANSI
flange; the table at left is a guideline to find
the most equivalent ANSI/DIN flange. DIN
increments differ from country to country, the
table refers to the German DIN standard.
Materials
Hast. C
&
Monel
Grade Grade Grade Grade
Hast. Inconel Incoloy Inconel
F22
F11
F91
400 & Nickel
F1 C1
1
625 & 800
B2
200
600
1
⁄
2
⁄
9
4 Cr4 CrCr1
405
⁄2 Mo 1
Incoloy
⁄2 Mo 1 Mo 1 Mo-V
825
265
260
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
290
260
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
290
260
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
290
260
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
290
260
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
-
290
260
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
275
255
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
290
260
230
200
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
35
20
230
200
190
180
170
140
125
110
95
80
65
50
-
185
185
185
185
170
140
-
Temp.
°F.
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
A - 35
Pipe Data: Flange Ratings (cont.)
Temp.
°F
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
304
SS
304L or
316L
SS
310
SS
316SS
316/
316L SS
Dual
Grade
720
600
540
495
465
440
430
420
415
405
395
390
380
355
325
255
205
165
135
115
95
75
60
40
600
510
455
420
395
370
365
360
355
345
340
-
720
635
580
540
515
495
485
480
470
465
460
450
385
365
355
260
190
135
105
75
60
45
35
25
720
620
560
515
480
450
440
435
425
420
420
415
385
365
360
305
235
185
145
115
95
75
60
40
321
SS
347/
348
SS
720
650
595
550
515
485
475
465
460
450
445
440
385
365
360
310
235
186
140
110
85
65
50
40
720
660
615
575
540
515
505
495
490
485
485
450
385
365
360
325
275
205
180
140
105
75
60
40
A105
Carp.
Carbon
20SS
Steel
740
680
655
635
605
570
550
530
505
410
320
230
135
85
-
750
740
710
680
655
605
590
570
530
510
-
Materials
Hast. C
&
Monel
Hast.
Incoloy Inconel 400 & Nickel
Inconel
F22
F11
F91
F1 C1
1
&
625
B2
200
800
600
1
405
⁄2 Mo 11 ⁄4 Cr- 2 ⁄4 Cr- 9 CrIncoloy
⁄2 Mo 1 Mo 1 Mo-V
825
695
695
685
660
640
605
590
570
530
510
485
450
280
165
-
750
750
720
695
665
605
590
570
530
510
485
450
320
215
145
95
65
40
-
750
750
730
705
665
605
590
570
530
510
485
450
385
265
175
110
70
40
-
750
750
730
705
665
605
590
570
530
510
485
450
385
365
360
300
225
145
-
750
750
730
705
665
605
590
570
530
510
-
750
750
730
700
665
605
590
570
530
510
485
450
385
365
360
325
275
205
165
120
-
720
665
640
620
600
590
580
570
530
510
485
450
385
365
360
325
275
205
145
70
55
40
35
25
750
750
730
705
665
605
590
570
530
510
485
450
365
240
155
105
75
70
-
600
525
490
475
475
475
475
470
465
460
375
275
-
480
480
480
480
455
415
-
Temp.
°F.
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
110
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
Materials
Temp.
°F
304
SS
304L or
316L
SS
-20 to 100 1440 1200
200
1200 1020
300
1075 910
400
995
840
500
930
785
600
885
745
650
865
730
700
845
720
750
825
705
800
810
690
850
790
675
900
780
950
765
1000
710
1050
650
1100
515
1150
410
1200
330
1250
265
1300
225
1350
185
1400
150
1450
115
1500
85
-
A - 36
310
SS
316SS
316/
316L SS
Dual
Grade
1440 1440
1270 1240
1160 1120
1085 1025
1025 955
990
900
970
885
955
870
940
855
930
845
915
835
900
830
775
775
725
725
705
720
520
610
375
475
275
370
205
295
150
235
115
190
90
150
65
115
50
85
321
SS
347/
348
SS
1440
1295
1190
1105
1030
975
950
930
915
900
895
885
775
725
720
625
475
320
280
220
170
130
105
75
1440
1325
1235
1150
1085
1030
1015
995
985
975
970
900
775
725
720
645
550
410
365
275
205
150
115
85
A105
Carp.
Carbon
20SS
Steel
Hast. C
&
Monel
Hast.
Inconel Incoloy Inconel 400 & Nickel
F22
F11
F91
F1 C1
1
625
&
B2
200
800
600
1
405
⁄2 Mo 11 ⁄4 Cr- 2 ⁄4 Cr- 9 CrIncoloy
⁄2 Mo 1 Mo 1 Mo-V
825
1480
1360
1310
1265
1205
1135
1100
1060
1015
825
640
460
275
170
-
1395
1395
1375
1325
1285
1210
1175
1135
1065
1015
975
900
560
330
-
1500
1485
1420
1365
1310
1210
1175
1135
1065
1015
-
1500
1500
1445
1385
1330
1210
1175
1135
1065
1015
975
900
640
430
290
190
130
80
-
1500
1500
1455
1410
1330
1210
1175
1135
1065
1015
975
900
775
535
350
220
135
80
-
1500
1500
1455
1410
1330
1210
1175
1135
1065
1015
975
900
775
725
720
605
445
290
-
1500
1500
1455
1410
1330
1210
1175
1135
1065
1015
-
1500
1500
1455
1395
1330
1210
1175
1135
1065
1015
975
900
775
725
720
645
550
410
330
240
-
1440
1330
1275
1240
1205
1175
1155
1135
1065
1015
975
900
775
725
720
645
550
410
290
135
110
75
70
55
1500 1200
1500 1050
1455 980
1410 945
1330 945
1210 945
1175 945
1135 940
1065 930
1015 915
975
755
900
550
725
480
310
205
150
135
-
960
960
960
960
905
825
-
Temp.
°F.
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
Materials
Temp.
°F
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
304
SS
304L or
316L
SS
310
SS
316SS
316/
316L SS
Dual
Grade
2160
1800
1615
1490
1395
1325
1295
1265
1240
1215
1190
1165
1145
1065
975
770
615
495
400
340
280
225
175
125
1800
1535
1370
1260
1180
1115
1095
1080
1060
1035
1015
-
2160
1910
1740
1625
1540
1485
1455
1435
1410
1395
1375
1350
1160
1090
1060
780
565
410
310
225
175
135
100
75
2160
1860
1680
1540
1435
1355
1325
1305
1280
1265
1255
1245
1160
1090
1080
915
710
555
440
350
290
225
175
125
321
SS
347/
348
SS
2160
1945
1785
1655
1545
1460
1425
1395
1375
1355
1340
1325
1160
1090
1080
935
710
555
420
330
255
195
155
115
2160
1985
1850
1730
1625
1550
1520
1490
1475
1460
1455
1350
1160
1090
1080
965
825
620
545
410
310
225
175
125
A105
Carp.
Carbon
20SS
Steel
2220
2035
1965
1900
1810
1705
1650
1590
1520
1235
955
690
410
255
-
2250
2225
2130
2045
1965
1815
1765
1705
1595
1525
-
Hast. C
&
Monel
F22
F11
F91
400 & Nickel
F1 C1
1
625 & 800
B2
200
600
1
⁄
2
⁄
4 Cr4 CrCr9
1
405
⁄2 Mo 1
Incoloy
⁄2 Mo 1 Mo 1 Mo-V
825
2090
2090
2060
1985
1925
1815
1765
1705
1595
1525
1460
1350
845
495
-
2250
2250
2165
2080
1995
1815
1765
1705
1595
1525
1460
1350
955
650
430
290
195
125
-
2250
2250
2185
2115
1995
1815
1765
1705
1595
1525
1460
1350
1160
800
525
330
205
125
-
2250
2250
2185
2115
1995
1815
1765
1705
1595
1525
1460
1350
1160
1090
1080
905
670
430
-
2250
2250
2185
2115
1995
1815
1765
1705
1595
1520
-
2250
2250
2185
2095
1995
1815
1765
1705
1595
1525
1460
1350
1160
1090
1080
965
825
615
495
360
-
2160
1995
1915
1860
1805
1765
1735
1705
1595
1525
1460
1350
1160
1090
1080
965
825
620
430
205
165
115
105
80
2250
2250
2185
2115
1995
1815
1765
1705
1595
1525
1460
1350
1090
720
465
310
225
205
-
1800
1575
1470
1420
1420
1420
1420
1410
1395
1375
1130
825
-
1440
1440
1440
1440
1360
1240
-
Temp.
°F.
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
Materials
Temp.
°F
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
304
SS
304L or
316L
SS
310
SS
316SS
316/
316L SS
Dual
Grade
3600
3000
2690
2485
2330
2210
2160
2110
2065
2030
1980
1945
1910
1770
1630
1285
1030
825
670
565
465
380
290
205
3000
2555
2280
2100
1970
1860
1825
1800
1765
1730
1690
-
3600
3185
2905
2710
2270
2470
2425
2390
2350
2330
2290
2245
1930
1820
1765
1305
934
685
515
375
290
225
165
130
3600
3095
2795
2570
2390
2255
2210
2170
2135
2110
2090
2075
1930
1820
1800
1525
1185
925
735
585
480
380
290
205
321
SS
347/
348
SS
3600
3240
2975
2760
2580
2435
2375
2330
2290
2255
2230
2210
1930
1820
1800
1560
1185
925
705
660
430
325
255
190
3600
3310
3085
2880
2710
2580
2530
2485
2460
2435
2425
2245
1930
1820
1800
1610
1370
1030
910
685
515
380
290
205
A105
Carp.
Carbon
20SS
Steel
Hast. C
&
Monel
F22
F11
F91
400 & Nickel
F1 C1
1
625
&
B2
200
800
600
1
⁄
2
⁄
9
CrCr4
4
Cr1
405
⁄2 Mo 1
Incoloy
⁄2 Mo 1 Mo 1 Mo-V
825
3705
3395
3270
3170
3015
2840
2745
2655
2535
2055
1595
1150
685
430
-
3480
3480
3435
3310
3210
3025
2940
2840
2660
2540
2435
2245
1405
825
-
3750
3710
3550
3410
3275
3025
2940
2840
2660
2540
-
3750
3750
3610
3465
3325
3025
2940
2840
2660
2540
2435
2245
1595
1080
720
480
325
205
-
3750
3750
3640
3530
3325
3025
2940
2840
2660
2540
2435
2245
1930
1335
875
550
345
205
-
3750
3750
3640
3530
3325
3025
2940
2840
2660
2540
2435
2245
1930
1820
1800
1510
1115
720
-
3750
3750
3640
3530
3325
3025
2940
2840
2660
2540
-
3750
3750
3640
3490
3325
3025
2940
2840
2660
2540
2435
2245
1930
1820
1800
1610
1370
1030
825
600
-
3600
3325
3190
3095
3010
2940
2890
2840
2660
2540
2435
2245
1930
1820
1800
1610
1370
1030
720
345
275
190
170
135
3750
3750
3640
3530
3325
3025
2940
2840
2660
2540
2435
2245
1815
1200
770
515
375
345
-
3000
2630
2450
2365
2365
2365
2365
2350
2330
2290
1885
1370
-
2400
2400
2400
2400
2270
2065
-
Temp.
°F.
-20 to 200
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
A - 37
Materials
Temp.
°F
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
304
SS
304L or
316L
SS
310
SS
316SS
316/
316L SS
Dual
Grade
6000
5000
4480
4140
3880
3680
3600
3520
3440
3380
3300
3240
3180
2950
2715
2145
1715
1370
1115
945
770
630
485
345
5000
4260
3800
3500
3280
3100
3040
3000
2940
2880
2820
-
6000
5300
4840
4520
4280
4120
4040
3980
3920
3880
3820
3745
3220
3030
2945
2170
1570
1145
855
630
485
370
275
215
6000
5160
4660
4280
3980
3760
3680
3620
3560
3520
3480
3460
3220
3030
3000
2545
1970
1545
1230
970
800
630
485
345
321
SS
347/
348
SS
6000
5400
4960
4600
4300
4060
3960
3880
3820
3760
3720
3680
3220
3030
3000
2600
1970
1545
1170
915
715
545
430
315
6000
5520
5140
4800
4520
4300
4220
4140
4100
4060
4040
3745
3220
3030
3000
2685
2285
1715
1515
1145
860
630
485
345
A105
Carp.
Carbon
20SS
Steel
Hast. C
&
Monel
F22
F11
F91
400 & Nickel
F1 C1
1
625 & 800
B2
200
600
1
⁄
2
⁄
9
4 Cr4 CrCr1
405
⁄2 Mo 1
Incoloy
⁄2 Mo 1 Mo 1 Mo-V
825
6170
5625
5450
5280
5025
4730
4575
4425
4230
3430
2655
1915
1145
715
-
5805
5805
5725
5520
5350
5040
4905
4730
4430
4230
4060
3745
2345
1370
-
6250
6180
5920
5680
5460
5040
4905
4730
4430
4230
-
ANSI Flange Bolting Dimensions for Stud Bolts (inches)
Nominal
Pipe Size
⁄2"
1
⁄4"
3
1"
11⁄4"
11⁄2"
2"
21⁄2"
3
31⁄2"
4"
5"
6"
8"
Flange
Face
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
RF
RTJ
150#
Diam.
⁄2"
1
⁄2"
1
⁄2"
1
⁄2"
1
⁄2"
1
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
5
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
Length
2.25
——
2.50
——
2.50
3.00
2.75
3.25
2.75
3.25
3.25
3.75
3.50
4.00
3.50
4.00
3.50
4.00
3.50
4.00
3.75
4.25
4.00
4.50
4.25
4.75
Diam
300#
⁄2"
1
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
5
⁄4"
3
⁄8"
5
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄8"
7
Length
2.50
3.00
3.00
3.50
3.00
3.50
3.25
3.75
3.50
4.00
3.50
4.00
4.00
4.50
4.25
4.75
4.25
5.00
4.50
5.00
4.75
5.25
4.75
5.50
5.50
6.00
Diam
⁄2"
1
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
5
⁄8"
5
⁄4"
3
⁄8"
5
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
1
1
11⁄8"
6250
6250
6015
5775
5540
5040
4905
4730
4430
4230
4060
3745
2655
1800
1200
800
545
345
-
6250
6250
6070
5880
5540
5040
4905
4730
4430
4230
4060
3745
3220
2230
1455
915
570
345
-
6250
6250
6070
5880
5540
5040
4905
4730
4430
4230
4060
3745
3220
3030
3000
2515
1855
1200
-
6250
6250
6070
5880
5540
5040
4905
4730
4430
4230
-
ANSI Pressure Class
600#
Length
3.00
3.00
3.50
3.50
3.50
3.50
3.75
3.75
4.25
4.25
4.25
4.25
4.75
4.75
5.00
5.00
5.50
5.50
5.75
5.75
6.50
6.50
6.75
6.75
7.25
7.75
Diam
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
1
⁄8"
7
1
⁄8"
7
——
11⁄8"
11⁄4 "
11⁄8"
13⁄8"
6250
6250
6070
5820
5540
5040
4905
4730
4430
4230
4060
3745
3220
3030
3000
2685
2285
1715
1370
1000
-
900#
Length
4.25
4.25
4.50
4.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.50
5.50
5.75
5.75
6.25
6.25
5.75
5.75
——
——
6.75
6.75
7.50
7.50
7.50
7.75
8.75
8.75
6000
5540
5320
5160
5020
4900
4820
4730
4430
4230
4060
3745
3220
3030
3000
2685
2285
1715
1200
570
455
315
285
230
6250
6250
6070
5880
5540
5040
4905
4730
4430
4230
4060
3745
3030
2000
1285
855
630
570
-
5000
4380
4080
3940
3940
3940
3940
3920
3880
3820
3145
2285
-
1500#
Diam
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄8"
7
⁄8"
7
1
⁄8"
7
1
11⁄8"
——
11⁄4"
11⁄2"
13⁄8"
15⁄8"
Length
4.25
4.25
4.50
4.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.50
5.50
5.75
5.75
6.25
6.25
7.00
7.00
——
——
7.75
7.75
9.75
9.75
10.25
10.50
11.50
12.75
Temp.
°F.
4000
4000
4000
4000
3780
3440
-
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
2500#
Diam
⁄4"
3
⁄4"
3
⁄8"
7
1
11⁄8"
1
11⁄8"
11⁄4 "
——
11⁄2 "
13⁄4"
2
2
Length
4.75
4.75
5.00
5.00
5.50
5.50
6.00
6.00
6.75
6.75
7.00
7.00
7.75
8.00
8.75
9.00
——
——
10.00
10.25
11.75
12.25
16.50
14.00
15.00
15.50
*3MHP Type torqued to 20 ft. ib. with Buna-N gasket
Service Ratings of Tri-Clamp Connections
TEMP (°F)
70
250
400
1"/1.5"
1500
1200
950
2"
1000
800
725
RF flanges 150# and 300# class, RF-0.06”; 600# and greater, RF=0.25”
A - 38
Pressure Rating (PSI)
2.5"
3"
1000
1000
800
800
N/A
N/A
4"
1000
800
450
5"
300
200
N/A
Pipe Data: Plastic Flange Ratings
Temperature
(°F)
PVC
73
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
400
CPVC
150
93
60
33
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Pipe Data: Cast Iron Pipe
Cast Iron Pipe–ASA Standard
Pipe
Size
3
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
24
Pipe
O.D.
3.96
4.80
6.90
9.05
11.10
13.20
15.30
17.40
19.50
21.60
25.80
Class 50
50 PSIG
WALL
0.32
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.44
0.48
0.48
0.54
0.54
0.57
0.63
I.D.
3.32
4.10
6.14
8.23
10.22
12.24
14.34
16.32
18.42
20.46
24.54
Cast Iron Pipe–AWWA Standard
Pipe
Size
3
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
24
30
36
42
48
54
60
72
84
Pipe
Size
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
24
30
36
Class A
100 Ft. 43 PSIG
PVDF (Kynar®)
150
127
97
75
60
37
30
—
—
—
—
—
—
Class 100
100 PSIG
WALL
0.32
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.44
0.48
0.51
0.54
0.58
0.62
0.68
I.D.
Material
150
150
150
150
133
115
97
80
60
43
25
—
—
3.32
4.10
6.14
8.23
10.22
12.24
14.28
16.32
18.34
20.36
24.44
Class 150
150 PSIG
WALL
0.32
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.44
0.48
0.51
0.54
0.58
0.62
0.73
I.D.
3.32
4.10
6.14
8.23
10.22
12.24
14.28
16.32
18.34
20.36
24.34
Class B
200 Ft. 86 PSIG
PTFE (Teflon®) Fiberglass (1” to 3”) Fiberglass (4”)
15
13
11
10
8
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Class 200
200 PSIG
I.D.
WALL
0.32
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.44
0.48
0.55
0.58
0.63
0.67
0.79
3.32
4.10
6.14
8.23
10.22
12.24
14.20
16.24
18.24
20.26
24.22
450
450
450
450
450
450
450
450
—
—
—
—
—
Class 250
250 PSIG
I.D.
WALL
0.32
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.44
0.52
0.59
0.63
0.68
0.72
0.79
Class C
300 Ft. 130 PSIG
3.32
4.10
6.14
8.23
10.22
12.16
14.12
16.14
18.14
20.16
24.22
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
—
—
—
—
—
Class 300
300 PSIG
I.D.
WALL
0.32
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.48
0.51
0.59
0.68
0.73
0.78
0.85
3.32
4.10
6.14
8.23
10.14
12.16
14.12
16.04
18.04
20.04
24.10
Class 350
350 PSIG
I.D.
WALL
0.32
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.52
0.56
0.64
0.68
0.79
0.84
0.92
3.32
4.10
6.14
8.23
10.06
12.08
14.02
16.04
17.92
19.92
23.96
Class D
400 Ft. 173 PSIG
O.D.
3.80
4.80
6.90
9.05
11.10
13.20
15.30
17.40
19.50
21.60
25.80
31.74
37.96
44.20
50.50
56.66
62.80
75.34
87.54
WALL
0.39
0.42
0.44
0.46
0.50
0.54
0.57
0.60
0.64
0.67
0.76
0.88
0.99
1.10
1.26
1.35
1.39
1.62
1.72
I.D.
3.02
3.96
6.02
8.13
10.10
12.12
14.16
16.20
18.22
20.26
24.28
29.98
35.98
42.00
47.98
53.96
60.02
72.10
84.10
O.D.
3.96
5.00
7.10
9.05
11.10
13.20
15.30
17.40
19.50
21.60
25.80
32.00
38.30
44.50
50.80
57.10
63.40
75.00
88.54
WALL
0.42
0.45
0.48
0.51
0.57
0.62
0.66
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.89
1.03
1.15
1.28
1.42
1.55
1.67
1.95
2.22
I.D.
3.12
4.10
6.14
8.03
9.96
11.96
13.98
16.00
18.00
20.00
24.02
29.94
36.00
41.94
47.96
54.00
60.06
72.10
84.10
O.D.
3.96
5.00
7.10
9.30
11.40
13.50
15.65
17.80
19.92
22.06
26.32
32.40
38.70
45.10
51.40
57.80
64.20
76.88
–
WALL
0.45
0.48
0.51
0.56
0.62
0.68
0.74
0.80
0.87
0.92
1.04
1.20
1.36
1.54
1.71
1.90
2.00
2.39
–
I.D.
3.06
4.04
6.08
8.18
10.16
12.14
14.17
16.20
18.18
20.22
24.22
30.00
39.98
42.02
47.98
54.00
60.20
72.10
–
O.D.
3.96
5.00
7.10
9.30
11.40
13.50
15.65
17.80
19.92
22.06
26.32
32.74
39.16
45.58
51.98
58.40
64.82
–
–
WALL
0.48
0.52
0.55
0.60
0.68
0.75
0.82
0.89
0.96
1.03
1.16
1.37
1.58
1.78
1.96
2.23
2.38
–
–
I.D.
3.00
3.96
6.00
8.10
10.04
12.00
14.01
16.02
18.00
20.00
24.00
30.00
36.00
42.02
48.06
53.94
60.06
–
–
O.D.
7.22
9.42
11.60
13.78
15.98
18.16
20.34
22.54
26.90
33.10
39.60
WALL
0.58
0.66
0.74
0.82
0.90
0.98
1.07
1.15
1.31
1.55
1.80
I.D.
6.06
8.10
10.12
12.14
14.18
16.20
18.20
20.24
24.28
30.00
36.00
O.D.
7.22
9.42
11.60
13.78
15.98
18.16
20.34
22.54
26.90
33.46
40.04
WALL
0.61
0.71
0.80
0.89
0.99
1.08
1.17
1.27
1.45
1.73
2.02
I.D.
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
24.00
30.00
36.00
O.D.
7.38
9.60
11.84
14.08
16.32
18.54
20.78
23.02
27.76
–
–
WALL
0.65
0.75
0.86
0.97
1.07
1.18
1.28
1.39
1.75
–
–
I.D.
6.08
8.10
10.12
12.14
14.18
16.18
18.22
20.24
24.26
–
–
O.D.
7.38
9.60
11.84
14.08
16.32
18.54
20.78
23.02
27.76
–
–
WALL
0.69
0.80
0.92
1.04
1.16
1.27
1.39
1.51
1.88
–
–
I.D.
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
24.00
–
–
Class E
500 Ft. 217 PSIG
Class F
600 Ft. 260 PSIG
Class G
700 Ft. 304 PSIG
Class H
800 Ft. 347 PSIG
A - 39
Pipe Data: Steel Pipe
Cross-sectional Area
Inside
Wall
Thickness, Diameter,
in.
in.
Flow, ft2
Metal, in2
Circumference, ft., or
surface, ft2/ft of length
Capacity at 1-ft/s
velocity
U.S. gal/ lb/h water
min
Nominal
Pipe
Size, in.
Outside
Diameter,
in.
⁄8
0.405
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
.049
.068
.095
.307
.269
.215
.055
.072
.093
.00051
.00040
.00025
.106
.106
.106
.0804
.0705
.0563
.231
.179
.113
115.5
89.5
56.5
.19
.24
.31
⁄4
0.540
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
.065
.088
.119
.410
.364
.302
.097
.125
.157
.00092
.00072
.00050
.141
.141
.141
.107
.095
.079
.412
.323
.224
206.5
161.5
112.0
.33
.42
.54
⁄8
0.675
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
.065
.091
.126
.545
.493
.423
.125
.167
.217
.00162
.00133
.00098
.177
.177
.177
.143
.129
.111
.727
.596
.440
363.5
298.0
220.0
.42
.57
.74
⁄2
0.840
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
160
XX
.065
.083
.109
.147
.188
.294
.710
.674
.622
.546
.464
.252
.158
.197
.250
.320
.385
.504
.00275
.00248
.00211
.00163
.00117
.00035
.220
.220
.220
.220
.220
.220
.186
.176
.163
.143
.122
.066
1.234
1.112
0.945
0.730
0.527
0.155
617.0
556.0
472.0
365.0
263.5
77.5
.54
.67
.85
1.09
1.31
1.71
3
⁄4
1.050
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
160
XX
.065
.083
.113
.154
.219
.308
.920
.884
.824
.742
.612
.434
.201
.252
.333
.433
.572
.718
.00461
.00426
.00371
.00300
.00204
.00103
.275
.275
.275
.275
.275
.275
.241
.231
.216
.194
.160
.114
2.072
1.903
1.665
1.345
0.917
0.461
1036.0
951.5
832.5
672.5
458.5
230.5
0.69
0.86
1.13
1.47
1.94
2.44
1
1.315
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
160
XX
.065
.109
.133
.179
.250
.358
1.185
1.097
1.049
0.957
0.815
0.599
.255
.413
.494
.639
.836
1.076
.00768
.00656
.00600
.00499
.00362
.00196
.344
.344
.344
.344
.344
.344
.310
.287
.275
.250
.213
.157
3.449
2.946
2.690
2.240
1.625
0.878
1725
1473
1345
1120
812.5
439.0
0.87
1.40
1.68
2.17
2.84
3.66
11⁄4
1.660
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
160
XX
.065
.109
.140
.191
.250
.382
1.530
1.442
1.380
1.278
1.160
0.896
0.326
0.531
0.668
0.881
1.107
1.534
.01277
.01134
.01040
.00891
.00734
.00438
.435
.435
.435
.435
.435
.435
.401
.378
.361
.335
.304
.235
5.73
5.09
4.57
3.99
3.29
1.97
2865
2545
2285
1995
1645
985
1.11
1.81
2.27
3.00
3.76
5.21
11⁄2
1.900
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
160
XX
.065
.109
.145
.200
.281
.400
1.770
1.682
1.610
1.500
1.338
1.100
0.375
0.614
0.800
1.069
1.429
1.885
.01709
.01543
.01414
.01225
.00976
.00660
.497
.497
.497
.497
.497
.497
.463
.440
.421
.393
.350
.288
7.67
6.94
6.34
5.49
4.38
2.96
3835
3465
3170
2745
2190
1480
1.28
2.09
2.72
3.63
4.86
6.41
2
2.375
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80ST, 80S
160
XX
.065
.109
.154
.218
.344
.436
2.245
2.157
2.067
1.939
1.687
1.503
0.472
0.776
1.075
1.477
2.195
2.656
.02749
.02538
.02330
.02050
.01552
.01232
.622
.622
.622
.622
.622
.622
.588
.565
.541
.508
.436
.393
12.34
11.39
10.45
9.20
6.97
5.53
6170
5695
5225
4600
3485
2765
1.61
2.64
3.65
5.02
7.46
9.03
21⁄2
2.875
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
160
XX
.083
.120
.203
.276
.375
.552
2.709
2.635
2.469
2.323
2.125
1.771
0.728
1.039
1.704
2.254
2.945
4.028
.04003
.03787
.03322
.02942
.02463
.01711
.753
.753
.753
.753
.753
.753
.709
.690
.647
.608
.556
.464
17.97
17.00
14.92
13.20
11.07
7.68
8985
8500
7460
6600
5535
3840
2.48
3.53
5.79
7.66
10.01
13.69
3
3.500
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
160
XX
.083
.120
.216
.300
.438
.600
3.334
3.260
3.068
2.900
2.624
2.300
0.891
1.274
2.228
3.016
4.213
5.466
.06063
.05796
.05130
.04587
.03755
.02885
.916
.916
.916
.916
.916
.916
.873
.853
.803
.759
.687
.602
27.21
26.02
23.00
20.55
16.86
12.95
13,605
13,010
11,500
10,275
8430
6475
3.03
4.33
7.58
10.25
14.32
18.58
31⁄2
4.0
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
.083
.120
.226
.318
3.834
3.760
3.548
3.364
1.021
1.463
2.680
3.678
.08017
.07711
.06870
.06170
1.047
1.047
1.047
1.047
1.004
0.984
0.929
0.881
35.98
34.61
30.80
27.70
17,990
17,305
15,400
13,850
3.48
4.97
9.11
12.50
4
4.5
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
120
160
XX
.083
.120
.237
.337
.438
.531
.674
4.334
4.260
4.026
3.826
3.624
3.438
3.152
1.152
1.651
3.17
4.41
5.58
6.62
8.10
.10245
.09898
.08840
.07986
.07170
.06647
.05419
1.178
1.178
1.178
1.178
1.178
1.178
1.178
1.135
1.115
1.054
1.002
0.949
0.900
0.825
46.0
44.4
39.6
35.8
32.2
28.9
24.3
23,000
22,200
19,800
17,900
16,100
14,450
12,150
3.92
5.61
10.79
14.98
19.00
22.51
27.54
1
1
3
1
A - 40
Schedule
No.
Outside
Inside
Weight of
plain-end
pipe, lb/ft
Conversion Table
Pipe Data: Steel Pipe (cont.)
Nominal
Pipe
Size, in.
Outside
Diameter,
in.
6
6.625
8
8.625
5
5.563
10
10.75
12
12.75
14
14
16
16
Schedule
No.
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80SX, 80S
120
160
XX
5S
10S
40ST, 40S
80XS, 80S
120
160
XX
5S
10S
20
30
40ST, 40S
60
80XS, 80S
100
120
140
XX
160
Inside
Wall
in.
in.
Flow, ft2
Metal, in2
.109
.134
.258
.375
.500
.625
.750
5.345
5.295
5.047
4.813
4.563
4.313
4.063
.109
.148
.250
.277
.322
.406
.500
.594
.719
.812
.875
.906
8.407
8.329
8.125
8.071
7.981
7.813
7.625
7.437
7.187
7.001
6.875
6.813
.109
.134
.280
.432
.562
.719
.864
5S
10S
10
20
30, ST
40
XS
60
80
100
120
140
160
0.156
0.188
0.250
0.312
0.375
0.438
0.500
0.594
0.750
0.938
1.094
1.250
1.406
13.688
13.624
13.500
13.376
13.250
13.124
13.000
12.812
12.500
12.124
11.812
11.500
11.188
0.165
0.188
0.250
0.312
0.375
0.500
0.656
.3855
.3784
.3601
.3553
.3474
.3329
.3171
.3017
.2817
.2673
.2578
.2532
4.47
5.49
8.25
10.07
11.91
16.10
18.95
22.66
26.27
30.63
34.02
10.482
10.420
10.250
10.136
10.020
9.750
9.562
9.312
9.062
8.750
8.500
5S
10S
10
20
30, ST
40, XS
60
2.915
3.941
6.578
7.265
8.399
10.48
12.76
14.99
17.86
19.93
21.30
21.97
2.23
2.73
5.58
8.40
10.70
13.34
15.64
.134
.165
.250
.307
.365
.500
.594
.719
.844
1.000
1.125
0.156
0.180
0.250
0.330
0.375
0.406
0.500
0.562
0.688
0.844
1.000
1.125
1.312
.1558
.1529
.1390
.1263
.1136
.1015
.0900
6.407
6.357
6.065
5.761
5.501
5.187
4.897
5S
10S
20
30
40ST, 40S
80S, 60XS
80
100
120
140, XX
160
5S
10S
20
30
ST, 40S
40
XS, 80S
60
80
100
120, XX
140
160
1.87
2.29
4.30
6.11
7.95
9.70
11.34
12.438
12.390
12.250
12.090
12.000
11.938
11.750
11.626
11.374
11.062
10.750
10.500
10.126
15.670
15.624
15.500
15.376
15.250
15.000
14.688
6.17
7.11
9.82
12.88
14.58
15.74
19.24
21.52
26.07
31.57
36.91
41.09
47.14
6.78
8.16
10.80
13.42
16.05
18.66
21.21
25.02
31.22
38.49
44.36
50.07
55.63
8.21
9.34
12.37
15.38
18.41
24.35
31.62
.2239
.2204
.2006
.1810
.1650
.1467
.1308
.5993
.5922
.5731
.5603
.5475
.5185
.4987
.4729
.4479
.4176
.3941
.8438
.8373
.8185
.7972
.7854
.7773
.7530
.7372
.7056
.6674
.6303
.6013
.5592
1.0219
1.0125
0.9940
0.9750
0.9575
0.9397
0.9218
0.8957
0.8522
0.8017
0.7610
0.7213
0.6827
1.3393
1.3314
1.3104
1.2985
1.2680
1.2272
1.1766
Outside
Inside
Capacity at 1-ft/s
velocity
min
1.734
1.734
1.734
1.734
1.734
1.734
1.734
1.677
1.664
1.588
1.508
1.440
1.358
1.282
100.5
98.9
90.0
81.1
73.9
65.9
58.7
2.744
2.728
2.685
2.655
2.620
2.550
2.503
2.438
2.372
2.291
2.225
269.0
265.8
257.0
252.0
246.0
233.0
223.4
212.3
201.0
188.0
177.0
134,500
132,900
128,500
126,000
123,000
116,500
111,700
106,150
100,500
94,000
88,500
15.19
18.65
28.04
34.24
40.48
54.74
64.43
77.03
89.29
104.13
115.64
459
454
446
438
430
422
414
402
382
360
342
324
306
229,500
227,000
223,000
219,000
215,000
211,000
207,000
201,000
191,000
180,000
171,000
162,000
153,000
23.07
27.73
36.71
45.61
54.57
63.44
72.09
85.05
106.13
130.85
150.79
170.21
189.11
1.456
1.456
1.456
1.456
1.456
1.456
1.456
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.258
2.814
2.814
2.814
2.814
2.814
2.814
2.814
2.814
2.814
2.814
2.814
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.338
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
3.665
4.189
4.189
4.189
4.189
4.189
4.189
4.189
1.399
1.386
1.321
1.260
1.195
1.129
1.064
2.201
2.180
2.217
2.113
2.089
2.045
1.996
1.947
1.882
1.833
1.800
1.784
3.26
3.24
3.21
3.17
3.14
3.13
3.08
3.04
2.98
2.90
2.81
2.75
2.65
3.58
3.57
3.53
3.50
3.47
3.44
3.40
3.35
3.27
3.17
3.09
3.01
2.93
4.10
4.09
4.06
4.03
3.99
3.93
3.85
69.9
68.6
62.3
57.7
51.0
45.5
40.4
34,950
34,300
31,150
28,850
25,500
22,750
20,200
173.0
169.8
161.5
159.4
155.7
149.4
142.3
135.4
126.4
120.0
115.7
113.5
86,500
84,900
80,750
79,700
77,850
74,700
71,150
67,700
63,200
60,000
57,850
56,750
378.7
375.8
367.0
358.0
352.5
349.0
338.0
331.0
316.7
299.6
283.0
270.0
251.0
601
598
587
578
568
550
528
50,250
49,450
45,000
40,550
36,950
32,950
29,350
189,350
187,900
183,500
179,000
176,250
174,500
169,000
165,500
158,350
149,800
141,500
135,000
125,500
300,500
299,000
293,500
289,000
284,000
275,000
264,000
Weight of
plain-end
pipe, lb/ft
6.36
7.77
14.62
20.78
27.04
32.96
38.55
7.60
9.29
18.97
28.57
36.39
45.34
53.16
9.93
13.40
22.36
24.70
28.55
35.64
43.39
50.95
60.71
67.76
72.42
74.69
20.98
24.17
33.38
43.77
49.56
53.52
65.42
73.15
88.63
107.32
125.49
139.67
160.27
27.90
31.75
42.05
52.27
62.58
82.77
107.50
A - 41
Pipe Data: Steel Pipe (cont.)
Nominal
Pipe
Size, in.
Outside
Diameter,
in.
18
18
20
20
24
24
30
30
Schedule
No.
80
100
120
140
160
5S
10S
10
20
ST
30
XS
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
5S
10S
10
20, ST
30, XS
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
5S
10, 10S
20, ST
XS
30
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
5S
10, 10S
ST
20, XS
30
Inside
Wall
in.
in.
Flow, ft2
Metal, in2
0.844
1.031
1.219
1.438
1.594
14.312
13.938
13.562
13.124
12.812
40.19
48.48
56.61
65.79
72.14
1.1171
1.0596
1.0032
0.9394
0.8953
0.188
0.218
0.250
0.375
0.500
0.594
0.812
1.031
1.281
1.500
1.750
1.969
19.624
19.564
19.500
19.250
19.000
18.812
18.376
17.938
17.438
17.000
16.500
16.062
11.70
13.55
15.51
23.12
30.63
36.21
48.95
61.44
75.33
87.18
100.3
111.5
2.1004
2.0878
2.0740
2.0211
1.9689
1.9302
1.8417
1.7550
1.6585
1.5763
1.4849
1.4071
29.500
29.376
29.259
29.000
28.750
23.37
29.10
34.90
46.34
57.68
0.165
0.188
0.250
0.312
0.375
0.438
0.500
0.562
0.750
0.938
1.156
1.375
1.562
1.781
0.218
0.250
0.375
0.500
0.562
0.688
0.969
1.219
1.531
1.812
2.062
2.344
0.250
0.312
0.375
0.500
0.625
17.670
17.624
17.500
17.376
17.250
17.124
17.000
16.876
16.500
16.124
15.688
15.250
14.876
14.438
23.564
23.500
23.250
23.000
22.876
22.624
22.062
21.562
20.938
20.376
19.876
19.312
9.25
10.52
13.94
17.34
20.76
24.16
27.49
30.79
40.64
50.28
61.17
71.82
80.66
90.75
16.29
18.65
27.83
36.90
41.39
50.39
70.11
87.24
108.1
126.3
142.1
159.5
1.7029
1.6941
1.6703
1.6468
1.6230
1.5993
1.5763
1.5533
1.4849
1.4180
1.3423
1.2684
1.2070
1.1370
3.0285
3.012
2.948
2.885
2.854
2.792
2.655
2.536
2.391
2.264
2.155
2.034
4.746
4.707
4.666
4.587
4.508
Outside
Inside
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.712
4.63
4.51
4.58
4.55
4.52
4.48
4.45
4.42
4.32
4.22
4.11
3.99
3.89
3.78
4.189
4.189
4.189
4.189
4.189
5.236
5.236
5.236
5.236
5.236
5.236
5.236
5.236
5.236
5.236
5.236
5.236
6.283
6.283
6.283
6.283
6.283
6.283
6.283
6.283
6.283
6.283
6.283
6.283
7.854
7.854
7.854
7.854
7.854
3.75
3.65
3.55
3.44
3.35
5.14
5.12
5.11
5.04
4.97
4.92
4.81
4.70
4.57
4.45
4.32
4.21
6.17
6.15
6.09
6.02
5.99
5.92
5.78
5.64
5.48
5.33
5.20
5.06
7.72
7.69
7.66
7.59
7.53
Capacity at 1-ft/s
velocity
min
501
474
450
422
402
250,500
237,000
225,000
211,000
201,000
943
937
930
902
883
866
826
787
744
707
665
632
471,500
467,500
465,000
451,000
441,500
433,000
413,000
393,500
372,000
353,500
332,500
316,000
764
760
750
739
728
718
707
697
666
636
602
569
540
510
1359
1350
1325
1295
1281
1253
1192
1138
1073
1016
965
913
2130
2110
2094
2055
2020
382,000
379,400
375,000
369,500
364,000
359,000
353,500
348,500
333,000
318,000
301,000
284,500
270,000
255,000
679,500
675,000
662,500
642,500
640,500
626,500
596,000
569,000
536,500
508,000
482,500
456,500
1,065,000
1,055,000
1,048,000
1,027,500
1,010,000
Weight of
plain-end
pipe, lb/ft
136.61
164.82
192.43
223.64
245.25
31.43
35.76
47.39
58.94
70.59
82.15
93.45
104.67
138.17
170.92
207.96
244.14
274.22
308.50
39.78
46.06
52.73
78.60
104.13
123.11
166.40
208.87
256.10
296.37
341.09
397.17
55.37
63.41
94.62
125.49
140.68
171.29
238.35
296.58
367.39
429.39
483.12
542.13
79.43
98.93
118.65
157.53
196.08
5S, 10S, and 40S are extracted from Stainless Steel Pipe, ANSI B36.19–1976, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York.
ST = standard wall, XS = extra strong wall, XX = double extra strong wall, and Schedules 10 through 160 are extracted from Wrought-Steel and
Wrought-Iron Pipe, ANSI B36.10–1975. Decimal thicknesses for respective pipe sizes represent their nominal or average wall dimensions. Mill
tolerances as high as ± 121⁄2 percent are permitted.
A - 42
2015
PRODUCT LINE
CATALOGUE
Corporate Headquarters & Manufacturing Facility
705 Enterprise Street
Aurora, Illinois 60504-8149 USA
Tel: +1-630-969-4000 – Fax: +1-630-969-9489
e-mail: [email protected]
Direct Offices
European Headquarters & Manufacturing Facility
Heikensstraat 6
9240 Zele, Belgium
Tel: +32-(0)52-45.11.11 – Fax: +32-(0)52-45.09.93
Canada
145 Jardin Drive, Units 1 & 2, Concord, Ontario L4K 1X7
Tel. +1-905-738-9600 – e-mail: [email protected]
Brazil Manufacturing Facility
Av. Dr. Mauro Lindemberg Monteiro, 185, Quadrante 16
CEP 06278-010, Osasco, São Paulo
Tel. +55-11-3381-8100 – Fax: +55-11-3381-8100
China Manufacturing Facility
Plant 6, No. 191, Huajin Road Minhang District, Shanghai
Tel. +86-21-6249-1350 – Fax: +86-21-6249- 1351
UAE Manufacturing Facility
PO Box 261454 - LIU FZS1-BA03
Jebel Ali Free Zone (JAFZA), Dubai
Tel: +971 4 8806345 – Fax: +971 4 8806346
Benelux - France
Heikensstraat 6, B-9240 Zele, Belgium
Tel. +32-(0)52-45.11.11 – e-mail: [email protected]
Germany
Alte Ziegelei 2-4, D-51491 Overath
Tel. +49-(0)2204-9536.0 – e-mail: [email protected]
Italy
Via Arese 12, I-20159 Milano
United Kingdom
Unit 1 Regent Business Centre, Burgess Hill
West Sussex RH 15 9TL
India
B-506, Sagar Tech Plaza, Saki Naka Junction, Andheri (E)
Mumbai 400072
Tel. +91-(22)-2850-7903 – e-mail: [email protected]
Singapore
33 Ubi Avenue #05-10 Vertex
Singapore 408868
Tel. +65-6634-0581 – e-mail: [email protected]
www.magnetrol.com • [email protected]
UAE
DAFZA Office 5EA 722, PO Box 293671, Dubai
Tel. +971-4-609.17.35 – e-mail: [email protected]
Russia
198095, Saint-Petersburg,
Marshala Govorova street, house 35, office 427
Tel. +7-812.702.70.87 – e-mail: [email protected]
© 2015 Magnetrol® International
All rights reserved.
Printed in Belgium.
Magnetrol® and Magnetrol® logotype are
registered trademarks of Magnetrol® International
41-111

41-111 Product Catalogue 2015

Transcription

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