ni 43-101 technical report
Transcription
ni 43-101 technical report
NI 43-101 TECHNICAL REPORT For the Córdoba Project, Department of Córdoba, Republic of Colombia For Wesgold Minerals Inc., 355 Burrard Street, Suite 830, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6C 2G8 By STEWART D. REDWOOD, PhD, FIMMM Effective date 26 July 2011 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................ 2 List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. 3 List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. 3 1 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Property Description and Location ................................................................................. 5 1.3 History............................................................................................................................. 5 1.4 Geology and Mineralization ........................................................................................... 5 1.5 Exploration, Drilling and Sampling ................................................................................ 6 1.6 Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing ............................................................... 6 1.7 Mineral Resource Estimates ........................................................................................... 6 1.8 Interpretation and Conclusions ....................................................................................... 6 1.9 Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 7 2 INTRODUCTION AND TERMS OF REFERENCE ............................................................ 9 2.1 Purpose of Report ........................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Terms of Reference ......................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Sources of Information ................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Property Inspection ......................................................................................................... 9 2.5 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................ 10 3 RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS ................................................................................... 12 4 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION ................................................................ 13 4.1 Property Location.......................................................................................................... 13 4.2 Property Description ..................................................................................................... 14 4.2.1 Legal Framework ...................................................................................................... 14 4.2.2 The Wesgold-Minatura Agreement .......................................................................... 17 4.2.3 Córdoba Project Mining Rights ................................................................................ 18 4.3 Environmental Regulations and Liabilities................................................................... 22 4.4 Surface Rights ............................................................................................................... 23 4.5 Water Rights ................................................................................................................. 23 5 ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRA-STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOGRAPHY........................................................................................................................ 24 5.1 Accessibility .................................................................................................................. 24 5.2 Climate .......................................................................................................................... 26 5.3 Local Resources and Infrastructure .............................................................................. 26 5.4 Physiography................................................................................................................. 27 6 HISTORY ............................................................................................................................. 28 6.1 Colombian Gold Mining History .................................................................................. 28 6.2 Córdoba History ............................................................................................................ 28 7 GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERALIZATION ...................................................... 30 7.1 Regional Geology ......................................................................................................... 30 7.2 Project Geology ............................................................................................................ 32 7.3 Mineralization ............................................................................................................... 34 7.4 Metallogenesis .............................................................................................................. 37 8 DEPOSIT TYPES ................................................................................................................. 38 2 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 9 EXPLORATION................................................................................................................... 40 10 DRILLING ........................................................................................................................ 43 11 SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSIS AND SECURITY .......................................... 44 12 DATA VERIFICATION .................................................................................................. 45 13 MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING ................................ 47 14 MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES ........................................................................... 47 15 MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATES............................................................................... 47 16 MINING METHODS ....................................................................................................... 47 17 RECOVERY METHODS ................................................................................................. 47 18 PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE ..................................................................................... 47 19 MARKET STUDIES AND CONTRACTS ...................................................................... 47 20 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, PERMITTING AND SOCIAL OR COMMUNITY IMPACT ....................................................................................................................................... 48 21 CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS ........................................................................... 48 22 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ................................................................................................ 48 23 ADJACENT PROPERTIES ............................................................................................. 49 24 OTHER RELEVANT DATA AND INFORMATION .................................................... 49 25 INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS .................................................................. 50 26 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................. 51 27 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 53 28 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHOR ......................................................................................... 55 ANNEX 1: CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS OF CHECK SAMPLES ....................................... 56 List of Tables Table 1.1 Estimated budget to carry out Stage 1 exploration program at Córdoba Project. ......... 7 Table 1.2 Estimated budget to carry out Stage 2 exploration program at Córdoba Project. ......... 7 Table 2.1 List of abbreviations .................................................................................................... 11 Table 4.1 Description of Córdoba Project mining rights. ............................................................ 20 Table 5.1 Road access to the Córdoba Project. ............................................................................ 24 Table 9.1 Geochemical analyses for selected elements for reconnaissance rock chip samples from Córdoba Project taken by Cordoba Minerals, February and May 2011. ..................... 41 Table 12.1 Sample description and results of check sampling at Córdoba Project. .................... 46 Table 26.1 Estimated budget to carry out Stage 1 exploration program at Córdoba Project. ..... 51 Table 26.2 Estimated budget to carry out Stage 2 exploration program at Córdoba Project. ..... 51 List of Figures Figure 4.1 Location map of Córdoba Project, Department of Córdoba, Colombia ...................... 13 Figure 4.2 Corporate organizational chart of ownership of Minerales Cordoba S.A.S. .............. 18 Figure 4.3. Map of the Córdoba Project mining properties. ......................................................... 21 Figure 5.1 Plan of road access to the Córdoba Project. ................................................................ 25 Figure 5.2 General view of the Córdoba Project. ........................................................................ 27 Figure 7.1 The tectonic setting of the Córdoba Project. .............................................................. 31 3 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Figure 7.2 Geological Map of the Córdoba Project with location of artisanal mines. ................. 33 Figure 7.3 Open pit artisanal mine workings at La Montiel Mine............................................... 35 Figure 7.4 Quartz veinlet stockwork at La Montiel. .................................................................... 35 Figure 7.5 Copper oxides in artisanal gold mine at Teherán. ...................................................... 36 Figure 7.6 Quartz veinlets with goethite and copper oxides in supergene argillic altered porphyry dacite with magnetite after hypogene potassic alteration at the Teherán mine. .... 36 Figure 9.1 Location of reconnaissance rock chip samples taken by Cordoba Minerals from the Córdoba Project. ................................................................................................................... 42 4 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 1 SUMMARY 1.1 Introduction This report was prepared by Dr. Stewart D. Redwood at the request of Wesgold Minerals Inc. (Wesgold Minerals), a Canadian company. The terms of reference were to produce a Technical Report as defined in Canadian Securities Administrators’ National Instrument 43-101, and in compliance with Form 43-101F1 (Technical Report) and Companion Policy 43-101CP for the Córdoba Project in Colombia. The effective date of the report is 26 July 2011. 1.2 Property Description and Location The Córdoba Project is located in the Municipality of Puerto Libertador, Department of Córdoba, Republic of Colombia. The mining rights cover 25,797 hectares or about 258 km2 in ten properties which comprise one concession contract and nine applications with the free areas declared. The latitude and longitude are 7° 45’ north, 75° 43’ west, and the altitude is between 100 m and 170 m above sea level. Wesgold has an option to acquire an interest in the Córdoba Project from Minatura International LLC. 1.3 History Artisanal mining for gold is carried out at several places within and adjacent to the Córdoba Project. The only modern exploration was carried out by Dual Resources Inc. in 1984-86, and by Sociedad Minera El Álacran S.O.M in 1995-98. A historical mineral resource was determined from this work at the El Álacran mine of 13.5 Mt grading 0.85 g/t Au and 0.3% Cu. El Álacran is surrounded by, but is not part of the Córdoba Project. 1.4 Geology and Mineralization The project is underlain by Late Cretaceous ocean floor basalts and sediments of the San Jacinto terrane, one of the accreted oceanic terranes that form the Western Cordillera of Colombia. These are overlain by Neogene sedimentary rocks in the northern part of the project, and by alluvial deposits. The Late Cretaceous rocks are intruded by diorite, quartz monzonite or quartz diorite porphyries which may be of Upper Miocene age. Porphyry style gold and copper mineralization at the Montiel and Teherán mines is hosted by diorite porphyry and basalt with a well developed quartz vein stockwork. The two deposits are probably connected and form a single porphyry system at least 900 m long. The grades in check chip and grab samples taken by the author here are from 0.21 to 4.01 g/t Au, 0.44 to 22 g/t Ag, and 0.33 to 3.06% Cu. 5 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 1.5 Exploration, Drilling and Sampling The project is at an early stage of exploration. Minatura have carried out reconnaissance geochemical exploration at the Córdoba Project. No geological mapping, topographic surveys, other geochemistry, trenching or drilling has been carried out. Wesgold have carried out no exploration yet. 1.6 Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing No mineral processing and metallurgical testing has been carried out due to the early exploration stage of the project. 1.7 Mineral Resource Estimates There are no mineral resource estimates for the property that are compliant with the current CIM standards and definitions required by the Canadian NI 43-101 “Standards for Disclosure of Mining Projects”. 1.8 Interpretation and Conclusions The Córdoba Project is an early stage, district scale exploration project for porphyry Cu-Au-Mo, epithermal Au, and possibly iron oxide copper-gold deposits. Preliminary observations and sampling of artisanal mine workings at Montiel and Teherán show porphyry style mineralization with significant grades of Au and Cu associated with a well developed stockwork of quartz veinlets. The identification of porphyry style mineralization is highly encouraging and it is interpreted that Córdoba lies on the northern continuation of the highly prospective Middle Cauca gold belt, host to the La Colosa porphyry deposit (12.4 million ounces (Moz) gold), the Marmato epithermal deposit (9.8 oz gold), and the Cerro Vetas porphyry deposit (3.7 Moz gold and 0.46 million tonnes (Mt) copper). The Córdoba Project is at too early a stage of exploration to make predictions about the possible tonnes and grade of the deposit(s). The author concludes that the Córdoba Project has potential for the discovery of one or more bulk mineable gold and copper deposits, and that further exploration is warranted to test the economic potential. 6 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 1.9 Recommendations A two stage exploration program is recommended for the Córdoba Project. Stage 1 comprises: a) district scale exploration by an airborne magnetic and radiometric survey, obtaining and interpreting a high resolution satellite image and DTM, and stream sediment sampling and reconnaissance sampling and prospecting, and b) systematic channel sampling and geological mapping of the Montiel-Teherán prospect. The estimated costs for the Stage 1 program are US$900,000 and the estimated time to carry out the program is six months. The estimated costs are given in Table 1.1. Item Aeromagnetic and radiometric survey High resolution satellite image and DTM District scale stream sediment sampling District scale reconnaissance sampling and prospecting Channel sampling and mapping Montiel-Teherán General & administration Total US$ 250,000 100,000 100,000 50,000 200,000 200,000 900,000 Table 1.1 Estimated budget to carry out Stage 1 exploration program at Córdoba Project. The Stage 2 program comprises a) an initial phase of diamond drilling on the Montiel-Teherán target, comprising 20 holes of 300 m each for a total of 6,000 m, with the hole locations to be defined by the Stage 1 program; b) systematic mapping and sampling of other targets defined by the Stage 1 district scale exploration program; and c) an initial phase of diamond drilling on other targets as defined by the Stage 1 district scale exploration program, consisting of 20 holes of 200 m each for a total of 4,000 m. The Stage 2 program is conditional upon positive results from the Stage 1 program. The estimated costs for the Stage 2 exploration program are US$3,500,000 and are listed in Table 1.2. The estimated time to carry out the program is six months. Item Diamond drilling 10,000 m, including geology and assays, at $250 per meter. Drilling access and permits. Detailed sampling and mapping of two other targets General and administration. Total US$ 2,500,000 333,300 333,400 333,300 3,500,000 Table 1.2 Estimated budget to carry out Stage 2 exploration program at Córdoba Project. The total cost of the Stage 1 and Stage 2 exploration programs is US$4,400,000 and the estimated time to completion is 12 months. 7 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 For both the Stage 1 and 2 programs it is recommended that a comprehensive QA-QC program that meets current industry standards is used. 8 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 2 INTRODUCTION AND TERMS OF REFERENCE 2.1 Purpose of Report Dr. Stewart D. Redwood, Consulting Geologist, prepared this independent Qualified Person’s Technical Report of the Córdoba Project in the Municipality of Puerto Libertador, Department of Córdoba, Republic of Colombia for Wesgold Minerals Inc. (Wesgold), a Canadian company based in Vancouver whose shares are listed for trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX)’s Venture Exchange. Wesgold has an option to acquire an interest in the Córdoba Project from Minatura International LLC (Minatura). The report is based on information known to the author as of 26 July 2011, which is the effective date of the report. 2.2 Terms of Reference The terms of reference were to prepare a Technical Report as defined in Canadian Securities Administrators’ National Instrument 43-101, Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects, and in compliance with Form 43-101F1 (Technical Report) and Companion Policy 43-101CP. 2.3 Sources of Information The project has been described in a number of unpublished reports by Minatura and other companies. The author considers that he has seen the most important reports and data and that there are no significant omissions of information. The reports that were consulted, as well as other published government reports and scientific papers, are listed in Section 27 “References” of this report. Posse, Herrera & Ruiz of Bogota, as the legal counsel to Wesgold, provided legal information about the project. Macleod Dixon S.A.S., Bogota, as the legal counsel for Minatura and its subsidiary Cordoba Minerals Holdings Ltd, also provided legal information. 2.4 Property Inspection The author visited the property on 6 and 7 July 2011, accompanied by Romulo Tejera, Senior Geologist, and Julian Manco, Project Geologist, Minatura. 9 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 2.5 Abbreviations A list of the abbreviations used in the report is provided in Table 2.1. All currency units are stated in US dollars, unless otherwise specified. Quantities are generally expressed in the metric International System (SI) of units, including metric tonnes (t), kilograms (kg) and grams (g) for weight; kilometres (km) and meters (m) for distance; hectares (ha) for area; and grams per metric tonne (g/t) for gold and silver grades. Metal grades may also be reported in parts per million (ppm). Precious metal quantities may also be reported in Troy ounces (ounces, oz) or castellanos, an old Colombian unit (1 castellano equals 4.7680 g). Description Abbreviation Atomic absorption spectrophotometer AAS Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum CIM Canadian National Instrument 43-101 NI 43-101 Canadian Dollar CDN$ Centimetre(s) cm Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. Coco Hondo Republic of Colombia Colombia Colombian Peso COP Cordoba Minerals Corporation Cordoba Minerals Certified Standard Reference Materials CSRM Degree(s) o Degrees Celsius o Digital terrain model DTM Dual Resources Inc. Dual Resources United States' Dollar(s) US$ Environmental Impact Study (Estudio de Impacto Ambiental) EIA Environmental Management Plan (Plan de Manejo Ambiental) PMA Gram(s) g Grams per metric tonne g/t Greater than > Hectare(s) ha Inductively coupled plasma spectrometer ICP Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer ICP-AES or ICP-ES Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy ICP-MS Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería INGEOMINAS International Organization for Standardization ISO Kilogram(s) kg Kilometre(s) km 10 C Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Square kilometre (s) km2 Less than < Meter(s) m Million tonnes Mt Million Troy ounces Moz Million years Ma Millimetre(s) mm Minatura International LLC Minatura Minerales Córdoba S.A.S. Minerales Córdoba Mine Plan PTO Mining Energy Planning Unit (Unidad de Planeacion Minero Energetica) UPME Ministry of Mines and Energy (Ministerio de Minas y Energia) MME Minutes ‘ National Mining Registry (Registro Minero Nacional) RMN Not available/applicable n.a. Ounces (Troy) oz Parts per billion ppb Parts per million ppm Percent(age) % Plus or minus ± Quality Assurance/Quality Control QA-QC Sistema de Informació Minero Colombiano SIMCO Système International d'Unités (International System of Units) SI Tonne (metric) t Toronto Stock Exchange TSX Universal Transverse Mercator UTM Wesgold Minerals Inc. Wesgold Table 2.1 List of abbreviations 11 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 3 RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS The author has relied on information supplied by Minatura and Wesgold for the property description and environmental permitting and has not carried out independent verification of these. Posse, Herrera & Ruiz of Bogota, as the legal counsel to Wesgold, provided legal information about the project. Macleod Dixon S.A.S., Bogota, as the legal counsel for Minatura and its subsidiary Cordoba Minerals Holdings Ltd, also provided legal information. The author has also received technical information from Minatura’s geologists and management and has done his best to verify the reliability of this information. The opinions expressed in this report are based on the available information and geologic interpretations as provided by the company. 12 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 4 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION 4.1 Property Location The Córdoba Project is located in the Municipality of Puerto Libertador, Department of Córdoba, Republic of Colombia (Figure 4.1). The latitude and longitude for the Córdoba Project is about 7° 45’ 05” north and 75° 43’ 13” west (coordinates for the Montiel Mine on the east side of the property; UTM 18N 0420577 - 0856864). Altitudes in the project are between about 100 m and 170 m above mean sea level (UTM). Figure 4.1 Location map of Córdoba Project, Department of Córdoba, Colombia 13 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 4.2 Property Description 4.2.1 Legal Framework Mining in Colombia is governed by the Mining Law 685 of 2001. It was modified by Mining Law 1382 of 9 February 2010. The mining authorities in Colombia are as follows: • Ministry of Mines and Energy (Ministerio de Minas y Energia, MME): The highest mining authority in the country. • INGEOMINAS (Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería or Colombian Institute of Geology and Mining): The MME had delegated the administration of mineral resources to INGEOMINAS and some Department Mining Delegations. INGEOMINAS has two departments, the Geological Survey (Servicio Geológico), and the Mines Department (Servicio Minero) which is responsible for all mining contracts except where responsibility for the administration has been delegated to the Departmental Mining Delegations. • Departmental Mining Delegations (Gobernaciones Delegadas): These administer mining contracts in the Departments with the most mining activity (namely Antioquia, Caldas, Bolívar, Boyacá, Norte Santander and César). • Mining Energy Planning Unit (Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética, UPME): Provides technical advice to the MME regarding planning for the development of the mining and energy sector and maintains the System of Colombian Mining Information (Sistema de Información Minero Colombiano, SIMCO). All mineral resources belong to the state and can be explored and exploited by means of concession contracts granted by the state. Under the Mining Law of 2001, there is a single type of concession contract covering exploration, construction and mining which is valid for 30 years and can be extended for another 20 or 30 years, depending on whether the contract was signed and registered after or before the amendment of the Mining Law 1382 of 9 February 2010. Concession contract areas are defined on a map with reference to a starting point (punto arcifinio) with distances and bearings, or map coordinates. A surface tax (canon superficial) has to be paid for signed contracts annually in advance during the exploration and construction phases of the concession contract. This is defined by the Mining Law of 2010 as one minimum daily wage per hectare per year for years 1 to 5 (about US$10.00), 1.25 minimum daily wages per hectare per year for years 6 and 7 (about US$12.52), and 1.5 minimum daily wages per hectare per year for year 8 (about US$15.00). The 2010 Mining Law does not define the property tax for years 9 to 11. A reasonable interpretation could 14 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 be that the property tax for year 9 should be 1.5 minimum daily wages per hectare and per year (the same as for year 8), and for years 10 and 11 should be 1.75 minimum daily wages per hectare and per year (about US$17.52), on the basis that this provision appears to understand that the property tax should be increased every two years by 0.25 minimum daily wages per hectare and per year. This issue requires clarification from the Ministry of Mines and Energy. The minimum daily wage in 2011 is Colombian Pesos (COP) 17,853.33 which, at the present exchange rate of COP1,783 = US$1.00 (15 August 2011), is about US$10.01. The minimum daily wage is adjusted annually. Under the 2001 Mining Law, the surface tax varied with the size of the concession contract and was 1 minimum daily wage for areas up to 2,000 ha, two minimum daily wages for areas between 2,000 and 5,000 ha, and three minimum daily wages for areas above 5,000 ha. The 2010 Mining Law changed this to the same surface tax for all sizes of concession. The application process for a concession contract is as follows: 1. Application submitted. The application form costs COP500,000 (about US$280). Attached to this claim should be all legal, economic and technical documents including the economic capacity of the applicant and the exploration proposal for the requested area. 2. Technical study by the mining authority to determine whether there is any overlap with other contracts or applications. The applicant is notified of the free areas. 3. Under the modifications to the Mining Law of 2010, the surface tax has to be paid within three days of the notification of the technical study of free areas. 4. Once the surface tax is paid, the contract is prepared and signed. 5. The contract is inscribed in the National Mining Registry (Registro Minero Nacional, RMN). The full areas of the applications may be not granted in their entirety if there is overlap with existing mining rights. The concession contract has three phases: 1. Exploration Phase. • • • • Starts once the contract is registered in the National Mining Registry. Valid for 3 years plus up to 4 extensions of 2 years each, for a maximum of 11 years. Annual surface tax. Requires an annual Environmental Mining Insurance Policy for 5% of the value of the planned exploration expenditure for the year. 15 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report • S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Present a mine plan (PTO) and an Environmental Impact Study (Estudio de Impacto Ambiental or EIA) for the next phase. 2. Construction Phase. • • • • Valid for 3 years plus a 1 year extension. Annual surface tax payments continue as in Exploration Phase. Requires an annual Environmental Mining Insurance Policy for 5% of the value of the planned investment as defined in the PTO for the year. Environmental License issued on approval of Environmental Impact Study. 3. Exploitation Phase. • • • • Valid for 30 years minus the time taken in the exploration and construction phases, and is renewable for 30 years. An annual Environmental Mining Insurance Policy required equivalent to 10% of the estimated production in the PTO. No annual surface tax. Pay royalty based on regulations at time of granting of the Contract. Royalties payable to the state are 4% of gross value at the mine mouth for gold and silver and 5% for copper (Law 141 of 1994, modified by Law 756 of 2002). For the purposes of royalties the gold and silver price is 80% of the average of the London afternoon fix price for the previous month. The most important changes in the Mining Law 1382 of 2010 are: • The exploration phase can now be up to 11 years, rather than 5 years. • The contract length is reduced to 50 years (30 years plus 20 year extension) from 60 years (30 plus 30). • The surface tax is the same for all sizes of concession, and increases from year 6. • The surface tax for year 1 has to be paid within three days of notification of the free areas. • Once an application or contract is dropped or expires for whatever reason, the area does not become free for staking again for a period of 30 days. The MME suspended reception of new concession contract applications on 3 February 2011 for a period of six months until 3 August 2011 and the suspension was extended until 3 February 2012, when a new mining authority with national jurisdiction should be in place named the National Mining Agency (Agencia Nacional Minera). 16 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 4.2.2 The Wesgold-Minatura Agreement The beneficial owner of 100% of the mining rights of the Córdoba Project is Minerales Córdoba S.A.S. (Minerales Córdoba), a Colombian company which is owned 100% by Cordoba Mineral Holdings Ltd., a company registered in Barbados which is, in turn, owned 100% by Cordoba Minerals Corporation (Cordoba Minerals), a British Columbia company. This is owned 57.5% by Minatura International LLC (Minatura), a Delaware limited liability corporation, and 40.2% by Minatura Gold Ltd, a Nevada corporation (which is owned about 98% by Minatura). A corporate organizational chart is shown in Figure 4.2. Wesgold signed an option agreement with Minatura on 6 June 2011, which was restated and signed on 26 July 2011, to acquire up to a 51% interest in the Cordoba Project. The terms of the transaction are as follows: • Wesgold will lend CDN$2.0 million (the Loan) to Minatura, the Loan being secured by the Cordoba Project. The Loan was made on 14 June 2011. • Minatura will nominate one representative to serve on Wesgold’s Board of Directors; • Subject to at least one of the nine concession applications having been converted into a signed concession contract and receipt of stock exchange approval, Wesgold will acquire an initial 11% interest in the Cordoba Property through the purchase of shares in Cordoba Minerals by paying CDN$2,030,000 to Minatura and forgiving the Loan, for a total purchase price of CDN$4,030,000, and issuing to Minatura warrants to purchase up to 5.0 million shares of Wesgold at a price of CDN$0.40 per share, exercisable until the earlier of the exercise or expiry of the Option (described below). • If Wesgold does not acquire the 11% interest, the Loan will be repayable no later than 31 July 2012, with interest accruing at 8% per year. • If Wesgold completes the acquisition of the 11% interest, Wesgold will then be granted an option (the Option) to acquire an additional 40% interest (for a total of 51%) of Cordoba Minerals by expending CDN$15.0 million on exploration of the Cordoba Property and paying to Minatura an additional CDN$2.0 million within 2.5 years. CDN$5.0 million of the exploration expenditures will be a firm commitment. • If Wesgold exercises the Option and acquires the full 51% interest, Minatura will have a one-time right to sell its remaining 49% interest in Cordoba Minerals to Wesgold in consideration for shares in Wesgold. The issuance of these shares would be subject to approval by the Wesgold shareholders at that time. • If Minatura elects to sell its remaining interest and the Wesgold shareholders do not approve the issuance of the shares, Minatura may buy back 2% of the outstanding shares of Cordoba Minerals from Wesgold for CDN$1,000, resulting in Minatura owning 51%. • If Minatura does not sell its remaining interest, Wesgold and Minatura will form a 51:49 joint venture to further develop the Cordoba Property. 17 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report • S. Redwood 26 July 2011 If Wesgold does not exercise the Option then Minatura has a onetime right to purchase back the initial 11% interest in Cordoba Minerals for CDN$1.00. Figure 4.2 Corporate organizational chart of ownership of Minerales Cordoba S.A.S. 4.2.3 Córdoba Project Mining Rights The package of mining rights covered by the Wesgold-Minatura agreement is 25,797 hectares (ha) or about 258 km2 in ten properties. These comprise one concession contract and nine applications with the free areas declared. The mining rights are listed in Table 4.1 and are shown in Figure 4.3. The mining rights are identified in the figures by their Claim Numbers (Código Expediente) which are the numbers used by the Colombian Mining Cadastral survey maintained by INGEOMINAS. 18 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 The concession contract number HI6-15311 was awarded to Camara Minera de Colombia Compania Limitada. This was later merged into Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. (Coco Hondo), a subsidiary of Minatura. The title was subsequently assigned in the NMR to Minatura Colombia S.A.S. The concession applications were made by Coco Hondo. With the purpose of isolating the title and mining applications of the Córdoba Project, Minatura incorporated Minerales Córdoba. Minatura Colombia and Coco Hondo contributed the 100% interest in the mining rights to Minerales Córdoba as consideration for the acquisition of 20,000 and 5,000 common shares of Minerales Córdoba, respectively. Subsequently, Minatura Colombia and Coco Hondo transferred the 100% of the acquired shares back to Minerales Córdoba in exchange for the payment by Minerales Córdoba of USD$560,000 and USD$140,000, respectively. Minatura and Coco Hondo undertook to transfer and register the transfer of the 100% of the mining rights to Minerales Córdoba before the Mining Authority. Minerales Córdoba is the sole beneficiary of the 100% of the mining rights, subject to prior approval of the Mining Authority and registration in the National Mining Registry. The assignment of the mining applications to Minerales Córdoba can only occur once concession contracts have been awarded and registered in the NMR. Coco Hondo have signed assignment agreements and promises of assignment in favour of Minerales Córdoba. There is a mining legalization from a group of local artisanal miners covering part of application LEB-08491. Cordoba Minerals disputes the validity of the claims made in the request. 19 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report Claim Number Date of Application S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Date of Registration Status HI6-15311 2 JKC-08221 12/11/2008 Application Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. (2) 3 LCP-08142 LCQ16171 LEB-08491 LED-10191 LEQ-15161 LG6-08061 LJT-10551 LK8-09321 25/03/2010 Application Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. 4,416.0100 26/03/2010 Application Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. 1,218.3570 11/05/2010 13/05/2010 26/05/2010 06/06/2010 29/10/2010 08/11/2010 Application Application Application Application Application Application Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. 1,184.1577 233.6385 673.0200 307.7000 483.8637 8,976.6700 5 6 7 8 9 10 01/05/2038 Concession contract Concessionaire / Applicant Minatura Colombia S.A.S. (1) Granted / Free Area (hectares) 1 4 02/05/2008 Date of Expiry 8,205.8745 97.9795 Table 4.1 Description of Córdoba Project mining rights. Table compiled from information supplied by Posse, Herrera & Ruiz, Bogota, legal counsel for Wesgold, in a report dated 3 June 2011, and Macleod Dixon S.A.S., Bogota, legal counsel for Cordoba Minerals Holdings Ltd in a letter dated 12 August 2011. Note 1: Contract awarded to Camara Minera de Colombia Compania Limitada. This was later merged into Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. The title has been assigned in the NMR to Minatura Colombia S.A.S. Note 2: Application made by Promocion de Proyectos Mineros S.A. This was later merged into Proyecto Coco Hondo SAS, together with Camara Minera de Colombia Compania Limitada. Proyecto Coco Hondo S.A.S. has assigned the rights to Minerales Cordoba S.A.S. 20 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Figure 4.3. Map of the Córdoba Project mining properties. (Colombian coordinates, Bogota origin) 21 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 4.3 Environmental Regulations and Liabilities The Mining Law 685 of 2001 requires an Environmental Mining Insurance Policy for each concession contract. In addition, the Law states that an Environmental Impact Study (EIA) has to be presented at the end of the Exploration Phase if the concession is to proceed to the Construction Phase. The EIA must be approved and an Environmental License issued before the Exploitation Phase can begin, subject to an Environmental Management Plan (Plan de Manejo Ambiental or PMA). In addition, exploitation requires a Permit for springs, Forest Use Permit, Certificate of Vehicular Emissions, Emissions Permit, and River Course Occupation Permit. Exploration activities require an Environmental Management Plan (PMA) and a Surficial Water Concession. The Córdoba Project has potential environmental liabilities due to informal artisanal mining activities, including: • • • Surface disturbance and degradation including deforestation. Waste rock and tailings from mining operations. Contamination of soil and water by mercury, cyanide, arsenic, acid drainage, heavy metals and solids from past mining operations. Under Colombian mining and environmental laws, Minerales Córdoba is responsible for any environmental remediation and any other environmental liabilities based on actions or omissions occurring from and after the entry into force and effect of the relevant concession contract, exploration license or mining request, as applicable, even if such actions or omissions occurred at a time when a third party was the owner of the relevant mining title. On the other hand, Minerales Córdoba is not responsible for any such remediation or liabilities based on actions or omissions occurring before the entry into force and effect of the relevant concession contract, exploration license or mining request, as applicable, from historical mining by previous owners and operators, or based on the actions or omissions of third parties who carry out activities outside of the mining title (such as illegal miners). Minerales Cordoba is conducting an environmental and social baseline report to clearly establish the conditions in the concessions before the start of exploration activities. A preliminary report was produced by Ceballos & Ángel in August 2011. The Paramillo National Natural Park is situated in the forested mountains to the south and west of the Córdoba Project. The park does not overlap with the mining properties but it shares a boundary with them, meaning that it is highly probable that the buffer area is within some parts of the mining properties. It is recommended that the boundaries of the buffer zone be verified. 22 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 The mining cadastral indicates that there is a restricted area in part of mining properties HI615311, JCK-08221, LCP-08142, LEB-08491 and LEQ-15161, although the nature of the restricted area is not clear. Cordoba Minerals states that there is an error in the mining cadastral and that no actual restriction exists. The mining authority has acknowledged the error in writing and a correction in the cadastral website has been requested. Law 1382 of 2010 which modified the Mining Law prohibits exploration and mining in national parks, regional parks, forest reserves, the “páramo” (moorland) and wet lands. The páramo ecosystem is defined as an ecosystem above 3,200 m altitude consisting of glaciated uplands with lakes and peat bogs. All of the mining properties that comprise the Córdoba Project are located below the paramo ecosystem and are not affected by this law. 4.4 Surface Rights In Colombia there is no need to have surface ownership to access the subsoil. The Mining Law provides the mining servitudes and the possibility of expropriation of the surface, in case it is required, since the mining activity is considered to be in the public interest. Wesgold and Minatura do not own any surface rights in the project area. 4.5 Water Rights Exploration activities require a Surficial Water Concession if a natural resource is required to be used, especially for drilling. Minerales Cordoba is gathering information in order to apply for the requisite Surficial Water Concession. 23 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 5 ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE AND PHYSIOGRAPHY 5.1 Accessibility The Cordova Project is located 395 km northwest of Bogotá, the capital of Colombia, 170 km north of Medellin (280 km by road), the capital of the Department of Antioquia and the second largest city in Colombia, and 112 km south of Montería, the capital of the Department of Córdoba. Access to the project is by road from Medellin, Caucasia or Montería. The distances are listed in Table 5.1 and the routes are shown in a plan in Figure 5.1 There are daily scheduled flights from Medellin to the city of Caucasia (population about 90,000) where there is a surfaced airstrip by ADA (Aerolineas de Antioquia) using Twin Otter aircraft, and then by road to the project. The flight time is 40 minutes. There are also scheduled flights to the city of Monteria (population about 410,000) by ADA and other airlines, with a more frequent service than that to Caucasia. From Medellin Caucasia Montelíbano Puerto Libertador To Caucasia Montelíbano Puerto Libertador Montiel Mine Road Surfaced Surfaced Unsurfaced, graded Unsurfaced track, poor condition Distance (km) 280 33 38 21 Table 5.1 Road access to the Córdoba Project. 24 Time (hours) 4h0m 0 h 30 m 0 h 40 m 1h0m Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Figure 5.1 Plan of road access to the Córdoba Project. Coordinates in UTM WGS84. Department of Córdova outline in white. Municipality of Puerto Libertador in light gray. 25 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 5.2 Climate The Córdoba Project has a tropical wet climate with an average temperature of 27.5°C and an annual rainfall of approximately 2,500 mm (data for Puerto Libertador). The highest rainfall is between May and September. The Córdoba Project is mostly within the tropical, premontane wet forest ecological zone (bh-T) of the Holdridge Life Zone climatic classification system. Most of the original forest cover has been cleared for agriculture and grazing. Land is used mainly for cattle and mining. 5.3 Local Resources and Infrastructure The Municipality of Puerto Libertador has a population of about 34,000. The main population center is the town of Puerto Libertador. The project includes the villages of Juan José, San Juan, La Rica, Santa Fe, Las Claras (Río Verde) and Villa Nueva, and the hamlets of San Juan Alto, San Juan Medio, Williams, Morrocoy, La Piedra Indígena and Piragua. There are indigenous Zenú and Embera settlements in claim LEB-08491. A community survey is required to be carried out on this claim before exploration or exploitation activity can be carried out. Hotel accommodation and field supplies are available in the towns of Puerto Libertador and Montelíbano. Field personnel for the exploration program are available locally from artisanal mines on the project and from the nearby towns and villages. The district is expected to be able to supply the basic workforce for any future mining operation. There is an airstrip at Montelíbano, and surfaced airports with scheduled flights at Caucasia and Monteria. The Córdoba Project is about 220 km west of the Pacific Ocean and 115 km west of the Gulf of Uraba of the Caribbean Sea or Atlantic Ocean. The nearest ports are at Tolú (220 km by road) and Cartagena (360 km by road) on the Atlantic Ocean. Caucasia is situated on the navigable Cauca River, part of the Magdalena River system which enters the Atlantic Ocean at Barranquilla. The nearest railway is at Medellin, 170 km to the south. The national electricity grid supplies the towns of Puerto Libertador and Montelíbano and the Cerro Matoso mine. The national gas grid supplies the Cerro Matoso operation also. 26 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 The region has high rainfall and there are ample water resources available. Water rights belong to the state and are governed by Decree 1541 (1978). 5.4 Physiography The Córdoba Project is located in the northern foothills of the Western Cordillera and Caribbean lowlands where the north-south trending mountains die out into the plains with altitudes of less than 100 m. The project is in the Upper San Jorge river basin. The north-flowing San Pedro River flows through the eastern part of the Córdoba Project, while the north-flowing San Jorge River lies west of the project. These are part of the Magdalena River system which drains into the Atlantic. The Paramillo National Park is situated in the forested mountains to the south and west of the Córdoba Project. Figure 5.2 General view of the Córdoba Project. Looking south west from the Montiel Mine at the north-south trending foothills of the Western Cordillera where they die out into the Caribbean plains. The San Pedro river is in the middle distance. The edge of the Montiel open pit mine working is in the foreground, and the El Alacrán mine is located in the ridge in the background left. 27 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 6 HISTORY 6.1 Colombian Gold Mining History Colombia was historically the top gold producer in South America with total recorded gold production of about 91 million ounces (Moz) (1511-2010). Colombia ranked as the fourth largest gold producer in Latin America in 2009 with 1.53 Moz, after Peru (5.86 Moz), Brazil (1.93 Moz) and Mexico (1.65 Moz), and fourteenth worldwide (US Geological Survey 2009 Minerals Yearbook). These figures indicate the high gold exploration potential of the country, given that there has been no modern gold exploration until recently, nor major new mine developments. Colombian historical gold production is estimated between 29 Moz and 35 Moz from the Spanish conquest in 1537 until the start of the California gold rush in 1848, making Colombia the largest gold producer of the Spanish empire and the second in South America after Brazil (Restrepo, 1952). Seventy-five percent of this production came from the Departments of Antioquia and Caldas. Colombian gold production between 1514 and 1934 has been estimated at 49 Moz which makes Colombia number one in South America with 38% of the total production (Emmons, 1937). Two-thirds of the gold production was from placer deposits. Subsequent Colombian production is estimated at 30 Moz by the Banco de la Republica (Shaw 2000), and gold production between 2000 and 2010 was 12.11 Moz (INGEOMINAS). Gold production in 2010 was 1.72 Moz, mainly from the Departments of Chocó (46%) and Antioquia (35%), an increase of 45% over the decade (2000 – 1.19 Moz). 6.2 Córdoba History Informal artisanal mining activity for gold is carried out at several places on and adjacent to the project in both alluvial and the weathered zone of hard rock deposits. These are described in Section 7.3 and their locations are shown on Figure 7.2. Stamp mills, sluices and pans are used to recover gold. The only modern exploration to be carried out for gold and copper in the project area was at El Alacrán and Rá in 1984-86 by Canadian junior company Dual Resources Inc. (Dual Resources), and in 1995-1998 by Colombian company Sociedad Ordinaria de Minas Santa Gertudis, which changed its name to Sociedad Minera El Alacrán S.O.M. in 1996. The Córdoba Project mining licenses surround El Alacrán but Cordoba Minerals does not have an interest in El Alacrán. The Rá mine is part of the Córdoba mining licences. The exploration at El Alacrán included drilling of 15 diamond drill holes for 2,407 m by Dual Resources and the estimation of historical mineral “reserves” of 13.5 Mt grading 0.85 g/t Au and 28 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 0.3% Cu containing 367,880 ounces of gold and 42,455 tonnes of copper in “proven”, “probable” and “postulated” categories (Vargas, 1998). This is a historical mineral resource and not a mineral reserve, and was made before the introduction of NI 43-101. The criteria used to estimate the mineral resource are not known and it is included here for information purposes only. Dual Resources also drilled five holes of 70-120 m length each at the Rá Mine in 1984-86, but the results and core are reported as lost (Vargas, 1998). 29 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 7 GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERALIZATION 7.1 Regional Geology The Córdoba Project lies within the San Jacinto terrane, one of the accreted oceanic terranes that form the Western Cordillera of Colombia (Figure 7.1; Cediel & Cáceres, 2000; Cediel et al., 2003). It is separated from the continental margin of the Central Cordillera on the east side by the Cauca-Almaguer Fault, a name synonymous with the Romeral Fault, which has large scale right lateral movement. The timing of accretion of the San Jacinto terrane is poorly constrained, but it contains turbidite sequences of continental affinity starting in the Paleocene, and erosional surfaces recorded in the early Eocene suggest pre-Oligocene collision (Cediel et al., 2003). The Sinú terrane, which lies west of the San Jacinto terrane, has Oligocene-aged turbidites and accretion is interpreted for the Miocene. Sometime before the Late Miocene the Cañas Gordas terrane was accreted to northwest Colombia further to the west. 30 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Figure 7.1 The tectonic setting of the Córdoba Project. (Source: Cediel et al., 2003). 31 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 7.2 Project Geology The geology of the Córdoba Project is shown in Figure 7.2, based on the INGEOMINAS 1:500,000 scale map. The Córdoba Project is underlain by Late Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary rocks of the Cañasgordas Group and La Equis Group. The Cañasgordas Group is subdivided into the Barroso Formation (labelled as Ksvb or K2-Vm4 on Figure 7.2) of tholeiitic basic volcanic rocks with pyroclastic rocks and siliceous sediments in the upper part, and the Penderisco Formation (Kslb or K2K6-Mds4) of chert, siliceous mudstones, and some dark gray to black lithic arenites. The Cañasgordas Group are ocean floor basalts and sediments. To the east the Cauca-Almaguer Fault puts these in contact with the Palaeozoic Cajamarca Complex (NP?-CA?-Mev2) of graphitic schist, quartz sericite schist, chlorite schist, amphibolite, phyllite, quartzite, marble and serpentinite. These are overlain to the north by sedimentary rocks of Oligocene-Miocene age of the Upper San Cayetano Formation (e8n2-St) of ferruginous sandstones to conglomerates, interbedded with calcareous shales and coals, and the Cerrito Formation (n3n5-St) of calcareous mudstones and shales with sandstone beds, and by extensive Quaternary alluvial deposits. Dual Resources mapped the central part of the Córdoba Project between the Rá mine and the San Pedro River and defined three lithological units, described from east to west (Vargas, 1998): • Felsic pyroclastic rocks in the eastern part (tuff, agglomerate of rhyolite-dacite composition, minor andesite and chert), several hundred meters thick. Host to mineralization at the Rá Mine. • Overlain to the west by volcano-sedimentary rocks (sandstone, arkose, greywacke, siltstone, calcareous mudstone, andesite flows, siliceous tuffs), 150-300 m thick. Host to mineralization at El Alacrán. Six lithological units were defined within this unit. • Basic volcanic rocks in the west (basalt and andesite). These are intruded by diorite, quartz monzonite or quartz diorite porphyries including those that host porphyry Cu-Au mineralization at Montiel and Teherán. The age of the porphyry intrusions is not known but it may be similar to the Upper Miocene monzonite porphyry stocks further south dated at ca 11 Ma at Paramo de Frontino, Rio San Juan, Cerro Frontino, Morrogacho and La Horqueta, which host Au-Ag and base metal mineralization (Gonzalez & Londoño, 2003). 32 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Figure 7.2 Geological Map of the Córdoba Project with location of artisanal mines. (Source: INGEOMINAS Atlas Geológico de Colombia, Sheet 5-05, 1:500,000 scale, 2007) 33 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 7.3 Mineralization There are several artisanal gold mines in the area of the Córdoba Project called Montiel, Teherán, El Alacrán, Mina Seca, Mina Rá, La Bonga (alluvial) and El Inglés (alluvial). Their locations are shown on Figure 7.2. The author visited the first three during the site visit. The Montiel, Mina Rá and El Inglés mines are located within the mine properties of Minerales Cordoba while the others are on properties held by third parties. The Montiel mine is operated by backhoes and average monthly production of about 30 to 32 castellanos (4.6 to 4.9 ounces; 1 castellano equals 4.7680 g). The Teherán mine has three stamp mills and produces an average of 1 castellano (0.15 ounces) of gold per day. Mineralization at the Montiel Mine is hosted by diorite porphyry and aphyric basalt with a well developed quartz vein stockwork with supergene argillic alteration after potassic alteration, with magnetite and localized sericite alteration. Gold is mined in a large, shallow open pit on a hillside and in alluvial deposits in a river on the east side. The Teherán Mine, 0.7 km east of the Montiel Mine, is also hosted by a diorite porphyry with plagioclase and hornblende with supergene kaolinite and hypogene magnetite alteration and abundant quartz veins in a stockwork, with veins often flat lying. There is massive goethite and rare remnants of chalcopyrite, and abundant malachite, some azurite. Gold is mined in an open pit. Mineralization at Montiel and Teherán is a porphyry system with potassic alteration with magnetite, a well developed stockwork of A and B type quartz veins (some with magnetite). There is supergene argillic alteration with gold, and a copper oxide zone is present at Teherán. The two deposits are probably connected and form a single porphyry system at least 900 m long. Outcrops in the river between the two mines are in basalt with potassium-feldspar-magnetite alteration and veinlets of quartz-pyrite, magnetite and chalcopyrite. Vargas (1998) also mentions disseminated pyrite-chalcopyrite-magnetite mineralization in a porphyry stock north of El Alacrán at an unspecified location. The El Alacrán Mine is 2.0 km southwest of Montiel. Gold is mined in a gossan by the Asociacion de Mineros de El Alacrán with about 80 miners and 30 adits. Mineralization is hosted by basalts and bedded siliceous siltstones or tuffs, belonging to the Barroso Formation. The bedding strikes about north-south and dips 60-70° west. There is a 30 m wide zone of hydrothermal alteration zoned outwards from silica to phyllic to argillic, mined over 800 m length. Mineralization is associated with silicification and comprises irregular quartz veinlets, coarse magnetite, specularite, chalcopyrite, bornite and pyrite. There is secondary chalcocite and covellite. There are float blocks of monzonite porphyry. 34 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 There is float with magnetite-specularite replacement by the road northeast of El Alacrán and within the Córdoba property. The Rá Mine is 1.5 km south of El Alacrán. Vargas (1998) described the mineralization as hosted by the basal pyroclastic unit and forming a stockwork with quartz veins with pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena with up to 25 g/t Au at surface. Five holes between 70-120 m long were drilled by Dual Resources, reportedly without encouraging results, but the results and core are lost (Vargas, 1998). Figure 7.3 Open pit artisanal mine workings at La Montiel Mine. Figure 7.4 Quartz veinlet stockwork at La Montiel. 35 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Figure 7.5 Copper oxides in artisanal gold mine at Teherán. Figure 7.6 Quartz veinlets with goethite and copper oxides in supergene argillic altered porphyry dacite with magnetite after hypogene potassic alteration at the Teherán mine. 36 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 7.4 Metallogenesis The age and metallogenic setting of the Au-Cu mineralization in the Córdoba Project is not well defined. The age of the porphyry intrusions is not known but it may be similar to the Upper Miocene monzonite porphyry stocks to the south which have dated at about 11 Ma at Paramo de Frontino, Rio San Juan, Cerro Frontino, Morrogacho and La Horqueta, and which host Au-Ag and base metal mineralization (Gonzalez & Londoño, 2003). The Córdoba Project is interpreted by the author to form the northern continuation of the Middle Cauca Gold Belt, also called the Central Porphyry sub-belt (Sillitoe et al., 1982), of Middle to Late Miocene age. Mineralization is related to the emplacement of the porphyry stocks. The belt extends for about 360 km in a north-south direction if Córdoba is included. The gold mineralization in the belt is of porphyry style and intermediate sulfidation epithermal style. The most significant porphyry deposit is La Colosa, near Cajamarca, Tolima, 360 km south of Córdoba, which was discovered by AngloGold Ashanti in 2008, with a JORC inferred mineral resource of 12.4 Moz gold grading 0.99 g/t in 392 Mt (AngloGold Ashanti Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve Report, 2010). The other major gold deposit in the belt is Marmato, located 250 km south of Córdoba. Marmato is an intermediate sulfidation epithermal deposit with a NI 43-101 compliant measured and indicated mineral resource of 226 Mt grading 0.9 g/t Au and 5.1 g/t Ag containing 6.6 Moz Au and 37 Mt Ag, plus an inferred mineral resource of 116 Mt at 0.9 g/t Au and 5.9 g/t Ag containing 3.2 Moz Au and 22 Moz Ag, for a total of 9.8 Moz Au and 59 Moz Ag, at a 0.3 g/t Au cut off (Parsons, 2011). The porphyry deposits in the belt tend to be gold rich. Some have copper, such as the Cerro Veta porphyry copper-gold deposit at Titiribi, which has a NI 43-101 compliant inferred mineral resource of 230 Mt at 0.5 g/t gold and 0.2% copper, containing 3.7 Moz gold and 0.46 Mt copper (Montgomery, 2010). Preliminary observations and sampling at Montiel and Teherán indicate that the porphyry contains significant grades of both gold and copper. 37 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 8 DEPOSIT TYPES Mineralization at Montiel and Teherán is porphyry style Cu-Au. The mineralization at El Alacrán has been assigned to several different models including volcanogenic massive sulphide (Vargas, 1998), or more recently iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG). An alternative interpretation is that it may be epithermal veins peripheral to a porphyry system. Porphyry copper systems were reviewed by Sillitoe (2010). Porphyry copper systems may contain porphyry Cu ± Mo ± Au ± Ag deposits of various sizes from less than 10 million tonnes to 10 billion tonnes. Typical primary porphyry Cu deposits have average grades of 0.5 to 1.5% Cu, <0.01 to 0.04% Mo, and 0.01 to 1.5 g/t Au, although a few gold-only deposits have grades of 0.9 to 1.5 g/t gold but little Cu (<0.1 %). The alteration and mineralization in porphyry copper systems can have a volume of many cubic kilometres of rock and are zoned outward from stocks or dike swarms, which typically comprise several generations of intermediate to felsic porphyry intrusions. Porphyry Cu ± Au ± Mo deposits are centered on the intrusions. High-sulfidation epithermal deposits may occur in lithocaps above porphyry Cu deposits, where massive sulphide lodes tend to develop in deeper feeder structures and Au ± Ag-rich, disseminated deposits within the uppermost 500 m or so. Less commonly, intermediate sulfidation epithermal mineralization, chiefly veins, may develop on the peripheries of the lithocaps. The alteration-mineralization in the porphyry Cu deposits is zoned upward from barren, early sodic-calcic through potentially ore-grade potassic, chloritesericite, and sericitic, to advanced argillic, the last of these constituting the lithocaps, which may attain >1 km in thickness if unaffected by significant erosion. Low sulfidation-state chalcopyrite ± bornite assemblages are characteristic of potassic zones, whereas higher sulfidation-state sulphides are generated progressively upward in concert with temperature decline and the concomitant greater degrees of hydrolytic alteration, culminating in pyrite ± enargite ± covellite in the shallow parts of the lithocaps. The porphyry Cu mineralization occurs in a distinctive sequence of quartz-bearing veinlets as well as in disseminated form in the altered rock between them. Magmatic-hydrothermal breccias may form during porphyry intrusion, with some of them containing high-grade mineralization because of their intrinsic permeability. In contrast, most phreatomagmatic breccias, constituting maar-diatreme systems, are poorly mineralized at both the porphyry Cu and lithocap levels, mainly because many of them formed late in the evolution of systems. Iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) deposits are ore bodies of hydrothermal origin associated with specular hematite and magnetite, but deficient in sulphides, and enriched in Cu, Au, Ag, U, REE, Bi, Co, Nb and P. They were first described by Hitzman et al. (1992), and recent reviews are given by Williams et al. (2005) and Corriveau (2007). They form breccias, veins, disseminations 38 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 and massive bodies. There is no clear spatial association with igneous intrusions but there is a broader association with batholithic granitoids or alkaline-carbonatite stocks. There is regional calcic-sodic regional alteration overprinted by focused potassic, sericite and iron oxide alteration. The deposits form at shallow to mid crustal levels in extensional, anorogenic or orogenic, continental settings such as intracratonic or intra-rift arcs, continental margin arcs and back arc basins. Deposit sizes can be greater than 100 Mt ranging up to more than 1,000 Mt, with metal grades that exceed those in most porphyry Cu ± Au deposits. In the Andes, IOCG deposits of Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age occur in the Coastal Cordillera of Chile and Peru (Sillitoe, 2003). 39 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 9 EXPLORATION Cordoba Minerals have carried out reconnaissance geochemical exploration at the Córdoba Project. No geological mapping, topographic surveys, other geochemistry or trenching has been carried out. Wesgold have carried out no exploration yet. The geochemical sampling consisting of visiting known mineral showings at artisanal mines, and taking 31 rock chip and grab samples for geochemical analysis in February and May 2011. A table of results for selected elements is given in Table 9.1and a map of sample waypoints is shown in Figure 9.1. Gold values range from <5 ppb to 37.0 ppm, with 3 samples above 1 g/t. Silver values range from <0.2 to 16.8 ppm. Copper values vary from 26 ppm to 3.9%. Molybdenum is weakly anomalous, with values up to 58 ppm. Arsenic, lead, antimony, mercury, selenium and tellurium are not anomalous. 40 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Waypoint Sample Number Au ppb Ag ppm As ppm Cu ppm Mo ppm Pb ppm Sb ppm Zn ppm Hg ppm Se ppm Te ppm Jn2 252451 340 2.8 17 1035 25 17 <5 29.5 <1 <10 23 Jn3 252452 232 2.2 4 3147 2 <2 <5 165 <1 <10 15 Jn4 252453 66 1.4 <3 1511.6 1 <2 <5 51.3 <1 <10 12 Jn4 252454 66 16.8 <3 724.8 4 <2 <5 8.3 <1 <10 <10 Jn5 252455 27 1.1 3 197.6 <1 <2 <5 37.8 <1 <10 <10 Jn5 252456 36 1.4 4 4881.2 58 <2 <5 315.3 <1 <10 24 Jn6 252457 19 0.6 <3 78.8 3 <2 <5 88.6 <1 <10 <10 Jn7 252458 <5 1.1 3 65.4 <1 <2 <5 63.5 <1 <10 <10 Jn8 252459 <5 0.8 5 82.4 1 <2 <5 60.9 <1 <10 <10 Jn11 252460 6 <0.2 <3 150.5 2 <2 <5 10.7 <1 <10 13 Jn12 252461 278 <0.2 <3 334.5 2 <2 <5 22.1 <1 <10 11 Jn13 252462 <5 0.3 <3 389.2 2 <2 <5 24.2 <1 <10 12 Jn13 252463 12 0.8 <3 480.4 2 <2 <5 26.1 <1 <10 14 Jn14 252464 16 0.4 <3 489.1 3 <2 <5 38.6 <1 <10 16 Jn17 252465 2696 6.2 <3 39000 2 19 <5 59.9 <1 <10 <10 Jn17 252466 4505 9.2 <3 28800 1 10 <5 53.9 <1 <10 <10 Jn19 252467 10 0.4 <3 192.5 3 <2 <5 74.5 <1 <10 <10 Jn19 252468 <5 <0.2 <3 66.5 1 <2 <5 26.5 <1 <10 <10 Jn20 252469 <5 0.2 <3 200.1 4 <2 <5 32 <1 <10 12 Jn21 252472 21 <0.2 <3 922.5 26 18 <5 46 <1 <10 38 Jn22 252470 7 0.2 <3 93 6 <2 <5 18.6 <1 <10 <10 Jn22 252471 <5 0.2 <3 97.1 5 <2 <5 11.6 <1 <10 14 Jn24 252473 91 0.8 <3 418.2 1 <2 <5 60.6 <1 <10 15 Jn25 252474 37001 12.1 <3 2998.9 6 36 <5 179.5 <1 <10 71 Jn27 252475 <5 0.2 <3 95.6 1 <2 <5 113.6 <1 <10 15 Jn34 252476 9 1.6 <3 90.7 2 <2 <5 82.2 <1 <10 13 Jn35 252477 <5 <0.2 <3 26.3 2 <2 <5 3 <1 <10 <10 Jn36 252478 12 0.8 3 150.2 1 <2 <5 93 <1 <10 12 Jc1 Jc1 390 0.80 <3 79.10 <1 2 <5 10.90 <1 <10 <10 Jc2 Jc2 520 <0.2 <3 1392.80 <1 5 <5 21.30 <1 <10 <10 Jc3 Jc3 480 0.40 <3 2438.20 <1 3 <5 23.60 <1 <10 <10 Table 9.1 Geochemical analyses for selected elements for reconnaissance rock chip samples from Córdoba Project taken by Cordoba Minerals, February and May 2011. 41 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Figure 9.1 Location of reconnaissance rock chip samples taken by Cordoba Minerals from the Córdoba Project. Map shows waypoints. Not all waypoints were sampled. 42 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 10 DRILLING No drilling has been carried out at the Córdoba Project by Cordoba Minerals or Wesgold. Dual Resources drilled five diamond drill holes of 70-120 m length each at the Rá Mine in 198486 but the results and core are reported as lost (Vargas, 1998). 43 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 11 SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSIS AND SECURITY The Cordoba Minerals samples were prepared by SGS Colombia SAS in Medellin and analyzed at the SGS del Perú S.A.C. laboratory in El Callao, Peru. These companies are part of SGS which is ISO 9001:2008 registered and ISO 17025 accredited in Peru and North America. The sample preparation procedure was to dry the sample and crush the entire sample to >95% passing ‐2 mm, then make a 250 g to 500 g split using a riffle splitter, and pulverize the split to >95% passing minus 140 mesh in 800 cc chrome steel bowls in a Labtech LM2 vibrating ring mill. SGS del Perú S.A.C. analyzed samples for gold by fire assay (30 g sample) with an atomic adsorption spectroscopy (AAS) finish on a 50 g sample (code FAA515), with over limit samples repeated by fire assay with a gravimetric finish on a 50 g sample (method FAG505). Multielement geochemical analyses were done by a two acid (nitric and hydrochloric) digestion and ICP‐atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) for 39 elements (method ICP12B). Over limit samples for copper and lead were repeated by multi-acid digestion and AAS (method AAS41B). Whole rock silicate analyses were done by lithium metaborate fusion and ICP-AES (method ICP95A). No quality assurance – quality control (QA-QC) was carried out on the reconnaissance sampling program. It is recommended that a full QA-QC program that meets the best practices guidelines currently used within the industry be carried for all future sampling and drilling programs using certified standard reference materials (CSRM), blanks, field duplicates, preparation duplicates, replicates and check samples. 44 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 12 DATA VERIFICATION The author has verified the data used upon in this report by visiting the property and confirming the geology and mineralization, and by carrying out independent check sampling. Chip and grab samples were taken by the author of mineralization exposed on surface at several locations in the Córdoba Project. The samples were collected in plastic bags, a sample number was inserted, and the bag was sealed with a cable tie. The samples were kept in the author’s custody in the field and hotel, and were sent by courier to the SGS laboratory in Medellin. The samples were prepared by SGS in Medellin, and sample pulps were sent by them by courier to be analyzed at their laboratory in El Callao, Lima, Peru. The sample descriptions and summary of results is shown in Table 12.1 and the assay certificate number MC1101050 is given in Annex 1. The results of the independent check sampling confirm the presence of anomalous amounts of gold, silver and copper at the Córdoba Project in quantities similar to those reported by Córdoba Minerals. The grades in the check samples are from 6 ppb to 4.01 ppm Au, 0.13 to 22 ppm Ag, and 472 ppm to 3.06% Cu. The check samples from Teherán (R00622 to R00625) have grades of 3.17 to 4.01 g/t Au, 2.2 to 22.0 g/t Ag, 0.4 to 3.1% Cu and 0.3 to 2.4 ppm Mo which are similar to the Cordoba Minerals samples (252465 and 252466 at Jn17) which returned grades of 2.70 to 4.51 g/t Au, 6.2 to 9.2 g/t Ag, 2.9 to 3.9% Cu and 1 to 2 ppm Mo. The check samples from Montiel (R00628 to R00630) have grades of 0.21 to 3.1 g/t Au, 0.44 to 4.68 g/t Ag, 0.33 to 0.46% Cu and 1.25 to 3.27 ppm Mo, which are similar to higher than the Cordoba Minerals samples (Jc1-3) which grade 0.39 to 0.52 g/t Au, <0.2 to 0.8 g/t Ag, 0.14 to 0.24% Cu and <1 ppm Mo. 45 Wesgold Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Sample Number UTM Easting UTM Northing UTM Altitude Location Description Sample Type R00621 420826 85486 171 Road cut. Basalt, minor veinlets quartz, kaolinite. Disseminated pyrite. Chip R00622 421298 856855 154 Teheran Mine, North Pit, N end. Diorite porphyry, magnetite-kaolinite alteration, veinlets quartz A + B. Jarositegoethite oxidation strong. R00623 421298 856855 154 Teheran Mine, North Pit, S end. R00624 421298 856844 197 R00625 421298 856844 197 Sample Width (m) Au ppb Ag ppm Cu ppm Mo ppm 5.0 6 0.13 474.2 4.23 Chip 2.5 4010 2.19 4012 0.75 Diorite porphyry, magnetite-kaolinite alteration, veinlets quartz A + B. Jarositegoethite oxidation strong, malachite. Chip 4.0 3166 22 30600 2.36 Teheran Mine, South Pit, E end. Diorite porphyry, magnetite-kaolinite alteration, veinlets quartz A + B, relic chalcopyrite. Malachite. Chip 4.0 3924 5.79 17300 0.32 Teheran Mine, South Pit, W end. Diorite porphyry, magnetite-kaolinite alteration, veinlets quartz A + B, relic chalcopyrite. Malachite. Chip 5.0 3910 3.91 17300 0.32 0.24 7.3 0.29 845 1.89 6830 516.9 R00626 Blank. R00627 Standard Oreas 50c. Rec value 845 ppb Au. R00628 420577 856864 144 La Montiel Mine R00629 420133 856851 148 La Montiel Mine R00630 420577 856864 144 La Montiel Mine <5 Plagioclase basalt or diorite, magnetitekaolinite alteration. Stockwork quartz veinlets, minor magnetite, relic pyrite, strong goethite. Plagioclase basalt or diorite, magnetitekaolinite alteration. Stockwork quartz veinlets, minor magnetite, relic pyrite, strong goethite. Block of quartz-sericite-goethite, probable D vein. Chip 4.0 785 1.18 3271 2.44 Chip 5.0 208 0.44 3835 1.25 3051 4.68 4581 3.27 Grab Grab Table 12.1 Sample description and results of check sampling at Córdoba Project. 46 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 13 MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING No metallurgical testing has been carried out on the Córdoba Project. 14 MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES There are no mineral resource estimates for the Córdoba Project that are compliant with the current CIM standards and definitions required by the Canadian NI 43-101 “Standards for Disclosure of Mining Projects”. 15 MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATES The Córdoba Project is not an advanced project and therefore this section is not applicable. 16 MINING METHODS The Córdoba Project is not an advanced project and therefore this section is not applicable. 17 RECOVERY METHODS The Córdoba Project is not an advanced project and therefore this section is not applicable. 18 PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE The Córdoba Project is not an advanced project and therefore this section is not applicable. 19 MARKET STUDIES AND CONTRACTS The Córdoba Project is not an advanced project and therefore this section is not applicable. 47 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 20 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, PERMITTING AND SOCIAL OR COMMUNITY IMPACT The Córdoba Project is not an advanced project and therefore this section is not applicable. Minerales Córdoba have started to carry out social and environmental assessment and have produced a preliminary report dated 8 August 2011 (Ceballos & Ángel, 2011). 21 CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS The Córdoba Project is not an advanced project and therefore this section is not applicable. 22 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS The Córdoba Project is not an advanced project and therefore this section is not applicable. 48 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 23 ADJACENT PROPERTIES The Cerro Matoso nickel laterite mine and ferronickel smelter is located 25 km northeast of the Córdoba Project near Montelíbano. The geology of the deposit was described by Gleeson et al. (2004). It is operated by Cerro Matoso S.A., a subsidiary of BHP-Billiton. Cerro Matoso is the world’s second largest producer of ferronickel. Mining started in 1980 and the mine has an estimated current reserve life of 39 years. The process capacity is 50,000 tonnes per year of nickel in ferronickel form. Total proved and probable ore reserves are 96 Mt at 1.27% Ni (30 June 2010). The La Guacamaya open pit coal mine owned by Carbones del Caribe S.A., part of the Argos Group, is located north of Puerto Libertador. There are several small hard rock and alluvial artisanal gold mines within and adjacent to the Córdoba project. These are described in Section 7.3. The El Alacrán mine, surrounded by the Córdoba project, has a historical resource of 13.5 Mt grading 0.85 g/t Au and 0.3% Cu (Vargas, 1998). The mine is currently being explored by private Vancouver-based junior company Ashmont Resources Corp. 24 OTHER RELEVANT DATA AND INFORMATION There are no other relevant data and information to be reported. 49 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 25 INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS The Córdoba Project is an early stage, district scale exploration project for porphyry Cu-Au-Mo, epithermal Au, and possibly IOCG Cu-Au deposits. Preliminary observations and sampling of artisanal mine workings at Montiel and Teherán show porphyry style mineralization with significant grades of Au and Cu associated with a well developed stockwork of quartz veinlets. The identification of porphyry style mineralization in the Córdoba Project is considered to be highly encouraging and it is interpreted that Córdoba lies on the northern continuation of the highly prospective Middle Cauca gold belt, host to the La Colosa porphyry deposit (12.4 Moz gold), the Marmato epithermal deposit (9.8 oz gold), and the Cerro Vetas porphyry deposit (3.7 Moz gold and 0.46 Mt copper). The Córdoba Project is at too early a stage of exploration to make predictions about the possible tonnes and grade of the deposit(s). The author concludes that the Córdoba Project has potential for the discovery of one or more bulk mineable gold and copper deposits, and that further exploration is warranted to test the economic potential. 50 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 26 RECOMMENDATIONS A two stage exploration program is recommended for the Córdoba Project. Stage 1 comprises: a) district scale exploration by an airborne magnetic and radiometric survey, obtaining and interpreting a high resolution satellite image and DTM, and stream sediment sampling and reconnaissance sampling and prospecting, and b) systematic channel sampling and geological mapping of the Montiel-Teherán prospect. The estimated costs for the Stage 1 program are US$900,000 and the estimated time to carry out the program is six months. The estimated costs are given in Table 26.1. Item Aeromagnetic and radiometric survey High resolution satellite image and DTM District scale stream sediment sampling District scale reconnaissance sampling and prospecting Channel sampling and mapping Montiel-Teherán General & administration Total US$ 250,000 100,000 100,000 50,000 200,000 200,000 900,000 Table 26.1 Estimated budget to carry out Stage 1 exploration program at Córdoba Project. The Stage 2 program comprises a) an initial phase of diamond drilling on the Montiel-Teherán target, comprising 20 holes of 300 m each for a total of 6,000 m, with the hole locations to be defined by the Stage 1 program; b) systematic mapping and sampling of other targets defined by the Stage 1 district scale exploration program; and c) an initial phase of diamond drilling on other targets as defined by the Stage 1 district scale exploration program, consisting of 20 holes of 200 m each for a total of 4,000 m. The Stage 2 program is conditional upon positive results from the Stage 1 program. The estimated costs for the Stage 2 exploration program are US$ 3,500,000 and are listed in Table 26.2. The estimated time to carry out the program is six months. Item Diamond drilling 10,000 m, including geology and assays, at $250 per meter. Drilling access and permits. Detailed sampling and mapping of two other targets General and administration. Total US$ 2,500,000 333,300 333,400 333,300 3,500,000 Table 26.2 Estimated budget to carry out Stage 2 exploration program at Córdoba Project. The total cost of the Stage 1 and Stage 2 exploration programs is US$ 4,400,000 and the estimated time to completion is 12 months. 51 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 For both the Stage 1 and 2 programs it is recommended that a comprehensive QA-QC program that meets current industry standards is used. 52 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 27 REFERENCES Ceballos Espinosa, D. & Ángel, M., 2011. Cordoba Project Social and Environmental Assessment. Internal report by Minerales Cordoba S.A.S., Department of Social and Environmental Management, 8 August 2011, 43 p. Cediel, F., Shaw, R. P. & Cáceres, C., 2003. Tectonic Assembly of the Northern Andean Block. In: Bartolini, C., Buffler, R. T. & Blickwede, J., eds, The Circum-Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean: Hydrocarbon habitats, basin formation, and plate tectonics. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 79, p. 815-848. Cediel, F. & Cáceres, C., 2000. Geological Map of Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia, Geotec Ltda, 3rd edition. 7 thematic maps at 1:1,000,000 scale. Corriveau, L., 2007. Iron Oxide Copper-Gold (±Ag±Nb±P±REE±U) Deposits: a Canadian Perspective. In Goodfellow, W.D., ed., Mineral Deposits of Canada: A Synthesis of Major Deposit Types, District Metallogeny, the Evolution of Geological Provinces, and Exploration Methods: Geological Association of Canada, Mineral Deposits Division, Special Publication No. 5, 1068 p, p. 307-328. Emmons, W.H., 1937. Gold Deposits of the World. New York & London, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 562 p. Gleeson, S.A., Herrington, R.J., Durango, J., Velásquez, C.A. & Koll, G., 2004. The Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Cerro Matoso S.A. Ni Laterite Deposit, Montelíbano, Colombia. Economic Geology, vol. 99, p. 1197-1213. Gonzalez, H. & Londoño, A.C., 2003. Geologia de las planchas 129 Cañasgordas y 145 Urrao, Escala 1:100,000, Memoria Explicativa. INGEOMINAS, 119 p. Hitzman, M.W., Oreskes, N. & Einaudi, M.T., 1992. Geological characteristics and tectonic setting of Proterozoic iron oxide (Cu-U-Au-REE) deposits. Precambrian Research, vol. 58, p. 241-287. Montgomery, M., 2010. Amended Independent Resource Report. Cerro Vetas Prospect, Titiribi Project, Antioquia, Colombia. NI 43‐101 technical report by Geosure Exploration & Mining Solutions Pty Ltd for MKM Resources Limited (now Sunward Resources Ltd), 28 February 2010, 90 p. Parsons, B., 2011. Mineral Resource Estimate of Marmato Project, Colombia, 6 January 2011. Report by SRK Consulting (UK) Ltd., Cardiff, UK for Medoro Resources Ltd., Toronto, February 2011, 158 p. Restrepo, V., 1952. Estudio sobre las minas de oro y plata de Colombia. Bogota, Banco de la Republica, 295 p, 4th edition (1st edition 1885). 53 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 Shaw, R. P., 2000. Gold mineralisation in the northern Andes, magmatic setting vs metallogeny. XI International Mining Congress, Bogotá, Colombia, October 2000 Technical Abstracts. Sillitoe, R.H., 2003. Iron oxide-copper-gold deposits: an Andean view. Mineralium Deposita, vol. 38, p. 787-812. Sillitoe, R. H., 2010. Porphyry Copper Systems. Economic Geology, vol. 105, p. 3-41. Sillitoe, R. H., Jaramillo, L., Damon, P. E., Shafiqullah, M. & Escovar, R., 1982. Setting, Characteristics, and Age of the Andean Porphyry Copper Belt in Colombia. Economic Geology, vol. 77, p. 1837-1850. Vargas, H., 1998. Reservas y potencial en el proyecto El Alacrán San Juan de Asis, Cordoba, Colombia. Report for Sociedad Minera El Alacran S.O.M., 24 p. Williams, P.J., Barton, M.D., Johnson, D.A., Fontboté, L., De Haller, A., Mark, G., Olivier, N.H.S. & Marschik, R., 2005. Iron Oxide Copper-Gold Deposits: Geology, Space-Time Distribution, and Possible Modes of Origin. Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume, p. 371-405. 54 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 28 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHOR I, Stewart D. Redwood, FIMMM, hereby certify that: 1. I am a Consulting Geologist with address at P.O. Box 0832-1784, World Trade Center, Panama City, Republic of Panama. 2. I am responsible for the preparation of the technical report titled “NI 43-101 Report for the Córdoba Project, Department of Córdoba, Colombia” dated 26 July 2011. 3. I graduated from Glasgow University with a First Class Honours Bachelor of Science degree in Geology in 1982, and from Aberdeen University with a Doctorate in Geology in 1986. 4. I am a Fellow of The Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining, Number 47017. 5. I have 30 years experience as a geologist working in mineral exploration, mine site geology, mineral resource and reserve estimations and feasibility studies on numerous precious, base and lithophile metal deposits in South and Central America, the Caribbean, North America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia. In particular I have relevant experience of exploring porphyr and epithermal deposits. 6. I have read the definition of “Qualified Person” set out in National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101) and certify that by reason of my education, affiliation with a professional organization (as defined in NI 43-101) and past relevant work experience, I fulfill the requirements to be a “Qualified Person” for the purposes of NI 43-101. 7. I have visited the project on 6 and 7 July 2011 for two days. 8. I am the author of all the sections of the technical report titled “NI 43-101 Report for the Córdoba Project, Department of Córdoba, Colombia” dated 26 July 2011. 9. I am independent of the issuer applying all of the tests in Section 1.4 of NI 43-101. 10. I have had no prior involvement with the property. 11. I have read NI 43-101 and the Technical Report has been prepared in compliance with that instrument. 12. As of the date of the certificate, to the best of my knowledge, information and belief, the Technical Report contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the technical report not misleading. 13. I consent to the filing of the Technical Report with any stock exchange and other regulatory authority and any publication by them, including electronic publication in the company files on their websites accessible by the public, of the Technical Report. Dated 26 July 2011 “Signed” Signature of Qualified Person Stewart D. Redwood Print Name of Qualified Person 55 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 ANNEX 1: CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS OF CHECK SAMPLES 56 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 57 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 58 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 59 Minerals Inc. Córdoba Project Technical Report S. Redwood 26 July 2011 60