Project Keynote

Transcription

Project Keynote

HYDROGEOLOGIC
MODEL OF THE
PORTO MARGHERA
AREA
GENERAL AIMS
Mathematical groundwater
flow model configuration in
the Porto Marghera area,
as an instrument to:

support the “M.I.S.E.” works design;

support the monitoring groundwater activities;
FREATIC WATER TABLE
SEA WATER LEVEL
“FREATIC” AQUIFER
1st AQUITARD
CHANNEL
1st CONFINED AQUIFER
2nd AQUITARD
2nd CONFINED AQUIFER
3rd AQUITARD
ante operam
Conceptual model in the Porto Marghera area

FREATIC AQUIFER AND 1st CONFINED
AQUIFER ARE CONNECTED TO HARBOUR
CHANNELS: TIDAL SEA LEVEL GOVERNS
PIEZOMETRIC CONDITIONS;

POLLUTED WATER FLOW FROM AQUIFERS
TO THE LAGOON

2nd CONFINED AQUIFER IS NOT CONNECTED
TO HARBOUR CHANNELS: PIEZOMETRIC
CONDITIONS DO NOT DEPEND ON TIDAL LEVEL
FREATIC WATER TABLE
SEA WATER LEVEL
1st AQUITARD
CHANNEL
2nd AQUITARD
3rd AQUITARD
ante operam
DRAINAGE PIPE
FREATIC WATER TABLE
SEA WATER LEVEL
1st AQUITARD
CHANNEL
2nd AQUITARD
STEEL SHEET PILES DIAPHRAGM
3rd AQUITARD
post operam
DRAINAGE PIPE

FREATIC WATER TABLE
SEA WATER LEVEL
to control piezometric level with reference
to the increase of pore water pressure due
to diaphragms building
1st AQUITARD
CHANNEL
STEEL SHEET PILES DIAPHRAGM
2nd AQUITARD

to stop polluted water flow in the lagoon;

to avoid channel erosion and transport of
polluted materials in the lagoon
3rd AQUITARD
post operam
WORK STEPS
1.
STRATIGRAPHIC CONCEPTUAL MODEL
CONFIGURATION:

old geognostic/hydrogeologic data research,
collection and interpretation;
new geognostic/hydrogeologic field investigations;
2.
MATHEMATICAL GROUNDWATER MODEL
CONFIGURATION
3.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS WITH DIFFERENT
PLANNING CONFIGURATIONS
• Stratigraphies: (1700)
m
p.c.
+ x,xx m sl.m.m.
0.20
13.00
13.20
13.40
13.60
13.80
14.00
14.20
• Piezometers: (614)
14.40
14.60
14.80
15.00
15.20
15.40
-15.50 m da p.c.
• Piezometric measures: (2158)
15.60
15.80
16.00
-16.10 m da p.c.
16.20
16.40
16.60
16.80
17.00
-17.25 m da p.c.
17.20
17.40
17.60
17.80
18.00
-17.55 m da p.c.
-18.00 m da p.c.
• Hydraulic field tests: (411)
OLD GEOGNOSTIC/HYDROGEOLOGIC DATA
RESEARCH AND INTERPRETATION
OVER 1400
STRATIGRAPHIES
OLD STRATIGRAPHIES AVAILABLE IN THE PORTO MARGHERA AREA
• data interfacing to GIS
• data interfacing to mathematical model software
GEOGNOSTIC AND HYDROGEOLOGIC DATA BASE CONFIGURATION
NEW GEOGNOSTIC AND HYDROGEOLOGIC FIELD INVESTIGATIONS

20 new stratigraphic exploration drillings;

21 new piezometers;

40 hydraulic conductivity field tests (Lefranc test);

pumping wells tests;

on site investigations about hydraulic conductivity
in partially satured porous media
ON SITE INVESTIGATIONS ABOUT HYDRAULIC
CONDUCTUVITY IN PARTIALLY SATURED POROUS MEDIA
LEGEND
LEGENDA INDAGINI ZONA NON SATURA
TD1
Observation
Sezione dipoint
indagine
TDR
ESx
Observation
Verticale dipoint
indagine
EnviroSMART
Dxx
Observation
Verticale dipoint
indagine
DIVINER2000
Enviroscan: IN SITU DETERMINATION
OF VOLUMETRIC WATER CONTENT
ELECTRODES
F.D.R.
F.D.R.
TECHNOLOGY
1
SATURATION RATE
MEASURES
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Probe ES2_1: z = -0.10 m da p.c.
0
1
(in the “Peninsula of chemical industries”
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Sr < 1
(above water table level:
partially satured
conditions)
1
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1
Sr
0.8
2 z = -2.20 m da p.c.
Probe ES1_6:
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Feb-06
Giu-06
Oct-06
Feb-07
Sr = 1
(below water table level:
totally satured
conditions)
ON SITE INVESTIGATIONS
ONE-DIMENSIONAL VERTICAL
MATHEMATICAL MODEL
(rain recharge estimating)
θ
mw
mw
1
Residual water content
θr
Air-entry value
(AEV)
Ψ
Soil Water Characteristic Curve
K (m /s)
K SAT
Ψ (K Pa)
LABORATORY TESTS
Hydraulic Conductivity Function
INVESTIGATIONS ABOUT HYDRAULIC CONDUCTUVITY IN
PARTIALLY SATURED POROUS MEDIA
“RAIN RECHARGE RATE” MATHEMATICAL MODEL CALIBRATION
1
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
1
01/08/06
01/09/06
01/10/06
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
1
01/08/06
01/09/06
01/10/06
Sr
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
01/08/06
01/09/06
Simulazione
numerica
MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION
ON SITE MEASURES
Misura
sperimentale
MATHEMATICAL FLOW MODEL
IN PARTIALLY SATURED POROUS MEDIA
01/10/06
HYDROLOGIC BALANCE
Pioggia (mm/h)
40
30
20
10
0
Volume acqua che
giunge in falda (mm)
4
3
2
1
0
01/02/06 01/03/06 01/04/06 01/05/06 01/06/06 01/07/06 01/08/06 01/09/06 01/10/06 01/11/06 01/12/06 01/01/07 01/02/07 01/03/07
evento di pioggia
data
data fine
inizio
26/04/06 01/05/06
20/07/06 09/08/06
12/09/06 22/09/06
03/12/06 23/12/06
verticale Vesta
verticale k=10-7 m/s
verticale k=10-6 m/s
altezza
altezza equivalente di
percentuale di
percentuale di
percentuale di
cumulata di
infiltrazione
infiltrazione
infiltrazione
infiltrazione
infiltrazione
infiltrazione
pioggia
all'interfaccia della
(%)
(%)
(%)
(mm)
falda libera (mm)
falda libera (mm)
falda libera (mm)
------56
0.03
0.05
1.96
3.5
------------126
0.27
0.8
------203
0.05
0.024
4.50
2.2
------55
0.024
0.04
3.57
6.5
MATHEMATICAL FLOW MODEL
IN PARTIALLY SATURED POROUS MEDIA
STRATIGRAPHIC CONCEPTUAL MODEL:
GEOLOGIC SECTIONS
13 STRATIGRAPHIC SECTIONS
(total lenght 56 km)
GEOLOGIC SECTIONS
TYPOLOGY OF SECTIONS
COMMERCIAL GROUNDWATER MODELS
CHOICE OF THE SOFTWARE FOR MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
FEFLOW MAIN FEATURES

FEFLOW IS A SOFTWARE PACKAGE
FOR MODELLING FLUID FLOW (AND
TRANSPORT OF DISSOLVED
CONSTITUENTS) IN THE
SUBSURFACE, IN TRANSIENT OR
STEADY-STATE CONDITION

FEFLOW 5.2 IS DEVELOPED BY
“WASY GmbH”, A GERMAN COMPANY
OPERATING IN GROUNDWATER
HYDROLOGY, SURFACE WATER
HYDROLOGY AND GEOGRAPHIC
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
FEFLOW MAIN FEATURES: MESHING

3D FINITE ELEMENT MODEL (prismatic
elements with triangular or square base);

FULLY OR PARTLY AUTOMATIC MESH
GENERATION OFFERING DIFFERENT
GENERATION ALGORITHMS;

REFINEMENT AND DEREFINEMENT
MESH TECHNIQUES;

NODE MOVEMENT AND ELEMENT
DELETION;
FEFLOW MAIN FEATURES: SIMULATION AND SOLVERS

STEADY-STATE OR TRANSIENT SIMULATIONS

DIFFERENT TIME-STEPPING METHODS
(constant time steps, varying pre-defined time
steps, fully automatic time-stepping procedure);

EFFICIENT CONTROL OF THE SIMULATION
PROCESS (real-time diagrams for all important
model results);

NEWTON AND PICARD ITERATION
TECHNIQUES FOR NONLINEAR PROBLEMS;

FAST ITERATIVE AND DIRECT SOLVERS (like
PCG and Restarted-OR-THOMIN);

ALTERNATIVELY ALGEBRIC MULTIGRID
SOLVERS;
FEFLOW MAIN FEATURES: DATA MANAGEMENT AND
REGIONALIZATION

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
SYSTEMS (data interfacing to GIS,
CAD, ASCII tables);

EXPORTING/IMPORTING VECTOR
DATA;

EXPORTING/IMPORTING RASTER
DATA;

GEOSTATISTCS DATA ANALYSIS:
DIFFERENT INTERPOLATION
ROUTINES FOR IMPORTED GIS OR
ASCII DATA (Kriging, Akima, Inverse
Distance Weighting);
FEFLOW MAIN FEATURES: PARTIALLY SATURED
HYDRODINAMICS MODELLING
K (m/s)

KSAT
Ψ (KPa)
EMPIRICAL LAWS FOR
CAPILLARY PRESSURE
(SUCTION) AND RELATIVE
CONDUCTIVITY RELATIONS:
- Van Genuchten-Mualem model
- Van Genuchten modified model
- Brooks-Corey model
- Haverkamp model
- Exponential model
- Linear model
2-D MESH VIEW
aquitard
aquifer
3-D MESH VIEW
3-D MESH VIEW
CALIBRATION SCENARIO (september 2006)
piezometric observation
point
MAV diaphgragms
pre-existing diaphragms
1st CONFINED AQUIFER – TOTAL HYDRAULIC HEAD
FIELD PATTERN
1st AQUITARD ISOPACH MAP ELABORATION
STRATIGRAPHIC SECTION “T6”
“ANTE OPERAM” scenario
FIELD PATTERN
Lunghezza
LENGHT
PORZIONE
DISECTION
SPONDA
CHECKING
[m]
Portata
dalle
sponde
FLOW
RATE
THROUGH
in SECTION
laguna
THE
[m3/d]
[l/s]
Portata
canale
FLOW RATE
CANALE
INDUSTRIALE
CHANNEL
[m3/d]
[l/s]
Canale Malamocco-Marghera
0.12
0.00
Canale Industriale Sud
37.32
0.43
0.46
0.01
Canale Industriale Ovest
87.87
1.02
Bacini molo A e B - Bacini di evoluzione 1, 2 e 3
2.12
0.02
Canale Industriale Nord
14.00
0.16
[l/s x km]
1 - Daresena Fusina e della Pietà
1500
0.07
0.00
0.00
2 - Canale Industriale Sud (sponda sud)
4100
12.26
0.14
0.03
3 - Canale Industriale Sud (sponda nord)
3800
19.44
0.23
0.06
4 - Testa Penisola della Chimica
1300
0.24
0.00
0.00
5 - Canale Industriale Ovest (sponda sud)
2700
3.88
0.04
0.02
6 - Canale Lusore (sponda sud)
1000
2.01
0.02
0.02
1000
16.26
0.19
0.19
8 - Canale Industriale Ovest (sponda ovest)
2500
49.25
0.57
0.23
9 - Canale Industriale Ovest (sponda est)
2500
1.44
0.02
0.01
10 - Area Portuale (moli A e B)
5700
1.31
0.02
0.00
11 - Canale Industriale Nord (sponda sud)
2500
1.07
0.01
0.00
12 - Canale Industriale Nord (sponda nord)
2800
6.51
0.08
0.03
(SECTION+BOTTOM)
(fondo+sponde))
SECTION+BOTTOM
13 - Isola dell Tresse
3600
0.04
0.00
0.00
-
-
-
14 - Isola dei Petroli
2500
0.04
0.00
0.00
-
-
-
15 - Canale Industriale Brentella (sponda ovest)
1600
0.48
0.01
0.00
15 - Canale Industriale Brentella (sponda est)
1400
0.37
0.00
0.00
Canale Industriale Brentella
1.40
0.02
17 - Canale Vittorio Emanuele III
1600
0.34
0.00
0.00
Canale Vittorio Emanuele III
0.49
0.01
18 - Terzo Argine
900
0.08
0.00
0.00
19 - Pili
1600
0.15
0.00
0.00
Golfo dei Pili
0.16
0.00
20 - Canale S. Giuliano (sponda sud)
1600
0.20
0.00
0.00
Canale S. Giuliano
1.64
0.02
21 - Canal Cieco
1300
0.61
0.01
0.01
22 - Canal Salso e Forte Marghera
6300
86.79
1.00
0.16
Canal Salso, Canal Cieco e Forte Marghera
121.00
1.40
23 - S. Giuliano
3000
2.29
0.03
0.01
-
-
-
56800
205.12
2.37
-
266.58
3.09
TOT.
GROUNDWATER FLOW RATE ESTIMATION IN THE LAGOON
“FINAL DIAPHRAGM BUILDING” scenario
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE
PIPE
SCENARIO
MAV diaphgragms
FREATIC AQUIFER – TOTAL HYDRAULIC HEAD FIELD PATTERN
WITH
DRAINAGE
PIPE
SCENARIO
MAV diaphgragms
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE PIPE
WITH
DRAINAGE PIPE
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE
PIPE
SCENARIO
MAV diaphgragms
FIELD PATTERN
WITH
DRAINAGE
PIPE
SCENARIO
Marginamento MAV
Marginamento esistente
FIELD PATTERN
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE PIPE
WITH
DRAINAGE PIPE
FIELD PATTERN
INCREASE OF PIEZOMETRIC LEVEL IN COMPARISON WITH
INITIAL CONDITIONS (calibration scenario – september 2006)
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE PIPE
WITH
DRAINAGE PIPE
“FINAL DIAPHRAGM BUILDING”
scenario
Lunghezza
LENGHT
Sponda
Portata
FLOW
Dreno
RATE
[m]
[m3/d]
1500
no dreno
4100
12.60
3800
23.50
1300
0.60
2700
3.70
CHECKING
PORZIONE
DISECTION
SPONDA
121,35 m3/d
CANALECHANNEL
INDUSTRIALE
Portata
Canale
FLOW
RATE
TO THE
(dal
fondo)
CHANNEL
[m3/d]
[l/s]
0.05
0.00
5.50
0.06
0.08
0.00
11.00
0.13
1.80
0.02
6.00
0.07
1000
9.70
7 - Canale Lusore (sponda nord)
1000
14.00
2500
45.00
2500
2.60
5700
no dreno
2500
no dreno
2800
6.70
3600
no dreno
-
-
-
2500
0.00
-
-
-
1600
1.00
1400
0.50
0.90
0.01
1600
0.20
0.05
0.00
18 - Terzo Argine
900
0.15
19 - Pili
1600
0.10
Golfo dei Pili
0.07
0.00
1600
no dreno
Canale S. Giuliano
0.80
0.01
21 - Canal Cieco
1300
no dreno
6300
no dreno
14.70
0.17
23 - S. Giuliano
3000
1.00
-
-
-
56800
121.35
40.95
0.47
TOT.
GROUNDWATER FLOW RATE ESTIMATION IN THE DRAINAGE PIPE
CALCULATED
FLOW RATE
23,50 m3/d
OBSERVED
FLOW RATE
74,72 m3/d
MEASURED PIEZOMETRIC LEVELS INTERPOLATION
(april 2000)
high piezometric level
“m.i.s.e.” diafphragram (april 2007)
+0,80-1,00 m s.m.m.
+0,80 m s.m.m.
(april 2000)
+080-1,00 m s.m.m.
+0,80 m s.m.m.
CALCULATED PIEZOMETRIC LEVELS INTERPOLATION
point
MAV diaphgragms
WELL n. 6
“SAPONERIE S. MARCO”
PIEZOMETRIC LEVEL
YEAR 1972
STOP OF PUMPING ACTIVITIES
YEARS
OLD DEEP ARTESIAN WELLS IN THE PORTO MARGHERA AREA
2.12
years
Year 1972
h=-15,00 m.s.l.
2.93
2.65
2.77
2.50
3.00
30/12/1999
30/12/1998
30/12/1997
30/12/1996
2.07
2.00
piano campagna: 2,27 m s.m.m.
31/12/1995
31/12/1994
31/12/1993
1.79
1.60
2.00
31/12/1992
1.50
1.33
2.50
01/01/1992
01/01/1991
Piezometric
level
quote piezometriche
(m (m.s.l.)
s.m.m.)
WELL n. 6
“SAPONERIE S. MARCO”
Depth: 220 m
3.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
WELL
“Ve-Marghera n.58”
Depth: 94 m
Pozzo VE-Marghera 058 (via Malcontenta 5, Montedison Petrolchimico)
4.00
3.00
Piezometric
head (m
(m.s.l.)
quota piezometrica
s.m.m.)
2.00
1.00
0.00
-1.00
-2.00
-3.00
-4.00
-5.00
years
anno
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
1982
1981
1980
1979
1978
1977
1976
1975
1974
1973
1972
1971
1970
-6.00
anno
years
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
1982
1981
1980
1979
1978
1977
1976
1975
1974
1973
1972
1971
1970
quota piezometrica (m s.m.m.)
Piezometric
head (m.s.l.)
WELL
Depth: 220 m
4.00
Pozzo VE-Marghera 044 (via delle Industrie 64-ex Gaslini)
2.00
0.00
-2.00
-4.00
-6.00
-8.00
-10.00
-12.00
-14.00
anno
years
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
1982
1981
1980
1979
1978
1977
1976
1975
1974
1973
1972
1971
1970
Piezometric
head (m(m.s.l.)
quota piezometrica
s.m.m.)
WELL
Depth: 114 m
4
Pozzo VE-Marghera 062 (via della Chimica 11-13)
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
OLD DEEP ARTESIAN WELLS IN
“PENINSULA OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES”
M56
M54
M61
M63
+0,80-1,00 m s.m.m.
+0,80 m s.m.m.
M62
M45
M29
M47
WELL CAP
WELL CAP
HIGH PIEZOMETRIC AREA
BENTONITE GROUT
BENTONITE GROUT
SURFACE FREATIC AQUIFER
DEEP ARTESIAN AQUIFER
HIGH PIEZOMETRIC AREA
DEEP ARTESIAN
WELLS
“NAVIGIO DI BRENTA”
RIVER
NEW “CALIBRATION” SCENARIO
NEW CALIBRATION SCENARIO (september ‘06)
point
MAV diaphgragms
FIELD PATTERN
NEW CALIBRATION SCENARIO (september ‘06)
point
MAV diaphgragms
FIELD PATTERN
+080-1,00 m s.m.m.
+0,80 m s.m.m.
CALCULATED PIEZOMETRIC LEVELS INTERPOLATION
point
MAV diaphgragms
“ANTE OPERAM” SCENARIO
FIELD PATTERN
PORZIONE
DI SPONDA
CHECKING
SECTION
404,97
m3/d
Lunghezza
LENGHT
RATE
FLOW
Portata
THROUGH
FLOW RATE
Portata
THE SECTION
CANALE
INDUSTRIALE
CHANNEL
[m]
3
[m /d]
[l/s]
[l/s x km]
1500
1.53
0.02
0.01
4100
43.27
0.50
0.12
3800
101.55
1.18
0.31
(SECTION+BOTTOM)
SECTION+BOTTOM)
[m /d]
3
[l/s]
2.72
0.03
191.00
2.21
28.58
0.33
162.00
1.88
9.57
0.11
16.57
0.19
1300
18.17
0.21
0.16
2700
42.87
0.50
0.18
1000
7.38
0.09
0.09
1000
4.60
0.05
0.05
2500
69.73
0.81
0.32
2500
2.68
0.03
0.01
5700
6.53
0.08
0.01
2500
2.95
0.03
0.01
2800
8.47
0.10
0.03
3600
1.09
0.01
0.00
-
-
-
2500
0.45
0.01
0.00
-
-
-
1600
1.62
0.02
0.01
1400
0.95
0.01
0.01
3.78
0.04
1600
0.95
0.01
0.01
2.29
0.03
18 - Terzo Argine
900
0.43
0.01
0.01
19 - Pili
1600
0.42
0.00
0.00
Golfo dei Pili
0.36
0.00
1600
0.51
0.01
0.00
Canale S. Giuliano
2.62
0.03
21 - Canal Cieco
1300
3.01
0.03
0.03
6300
83.45
0.97
0.15
120.90
1.40
23 - S. Giuliano
3000
2.39
0.03
0.01
-
-
-
56800
404.97
4.69
-
540.39
6.25
TOT.
GROUNDWATER FLOW RATE ESTIMATION IN THE LAGOON
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE
PIPE
SCENARIO
MAV diaphgragms
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE
PIPE
SCENARIO
MAV diaphgragms
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE PIPE
WITH
DRAINAGE PIPE
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE
PIPE
SCENARIO
MAV diaphgragms
FIELD PATTERN
WITH
DRAINAGE
PIPE
SCENARIO
MAV diaphgragms
FIELD PATTERN
WITHOUT
DRAINAGE PIPE
WITH
DRAINAGE PIPE
FIELD PATTERN
“FINAL DIAPHRAGM BUILDING”
scenario
Lunghezza
LENGHT
Sponda
Portata
FLOW
RATE
Dreno
[m]
[m /d]
1500
no dreno
4100
44.65
3800
98.15
CHECKING
PORZIONE
DISECTION
SPONDA
346,88 m3/d
CANALECHANNEL
INDUSTRIALE
3
1300
22.00
2700
62.00
1000
20.30
7 - Canale Lusore (sponda nord)
1000
7.30
2500
69.95
2500
5.70
5700
no dreno
2500
no dreno
2800
6.95
FLOW RATE TO THE
Portata Canale
CHANNEL
[m /d]
3
[l/s]
0.14
0.00
28.10
0.33
1.89
0.02
17.80
0.21
8.65
0.10
9.85
0.11
3600
no dreno
-
-
2500
0.22
-
-
1600
2.95
1400
1.25
1600
0.86
18 - Terzo Argine
900
0.55
19 - Pili
1600
0.30
1600
no dreno
21 - Canal Cieco
1300
no dreno
6300
no dreno
23 - S. Giuliano
TOT.
3000
3.75
56800
346.88
1.50
0.02
0.37
0.00
Golfo dei Pili
0.10
0.00
Canale S. Giuliano
1.20
0.01
15.30
0.18
-
-
-
84.90
0.98
CALCULATED
FLOW RATE
98,00 m3/d
OBSERVED
FLOW RATE
74,72 m3/d
(“deep artesian wells” NEW CALIBRATION SCENARIO)