Module 15 Comparison of Electricity Generating Costs

Module 15 Comparison of Electricity Generating Costs

Module 15
Comparison of
Electricity Generating
Costs
1.5.2015
Prof.Dr. Böck
Vienna University of Technology
Atominstitute
Stadionallee 2
A-1020 Vienna, Austria
ph: ++43-1-58801 141368
[email protected]
European Union domestic production of
primary energy in 2013
• Gross Electricity production in 2013:
876,8 GWh (+10,3% from 1990)
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NPP: 29%
Renewables: 24%
Solid fuel : 20%
Gas: 17%
Oil: 9%
•
NucNet Weekly News Review / 13 February 2015
Electricity generating costs without
emission trading
Electricity generation costs (€/MWh)
without emission trading
http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Energy-and-Environment/
Energy-Analysis-of-Power-Systems/
(See Table 2: Life Cycle Energy Ratios for Various Technologies)
(%Input/Lifetime output)
Electricity generating costs with emission
trading
Electricity generating costs (€/MWh) with
emission trading at 23€/to CO2
Uranium in Earth Crust
Uranium Resources
Material Balance of Fuel Cycle
Cost of 1 kg uranium fuel UO2
June 2013
Life Cycle Energy Requirement
for NPP‘s
Impact of Investment Costs on Power
Generation Costs
Impact of Fuel Costs on Power Generation
Costs
Impact of Emission Price on Power
Genereation Costs
Impact onf Interest Rate on Power
Generation Costs
Impact of Power Plant Economic Life Time
Impact of Full Capacity Hours on Power
Generation Costs
Fuel Prices as of January 2008
Fuel Price & Increment due to Emission
Price of € 23/to CO2
Average Annual Power Plant Efficiencies
Specific Investment Costs of Power Plants
(€/kW)
Operation and Maintenance Costs
EROI =
Energy return
On Investment:
Energy delivered
by a process to
energy used
directly or
indirectly by this
process
http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Energy-and-Environment/
Energy-Analysis-of-Power-Systems/
VERA Sem. TU Wien 23.4.2015
Electricity demand during the day
Definition: load = demand
power (MW)
Tue 31.1.2012 Peak load
Base load
12:00
6:00
18:00
time (h)
Important: Demand has to be met by supply for every moment
27
VERA Sem. TU Wien 23.4.2015
Electricity demand during the week
power (MW)
Mo Tue Wed Th Fr Sa Su
time (days)
28
VERA Sem. TU Wien 23.4.2015
Electricity demand during the year 2012
during the week
at the weekend
Christmas period
J F MA MJ J A S ON D
time (months)
29
Österreichs Öko-Scheinwelt
Die Presse 20.2.2015
• Fast 20% Nettostrom (Export bereits abgezogen) aus
tschechischen und anderen Braunkohle- und
Kernkraftwerken
• Durch Ankauf von Emissionszertifikaten exportieren
wir Treibhausgase in die Nachbarländer
• EU Vorgabe für 2030 (-40% gegenüber Kyoto) ist
chancenlos
• Hinkley Point mit 12c/kWh subventioniert
• Solarstrom mit 26 c/kWh durch
Ökostromförderbeitrag (zahlt jeder von uns mit
Stromrechnung), Holz mit 13c/kWh
• Braunkohle in Deutschland mit mehr als 10 Milliarden
€/y subventioniert
Ökostrom in Österreich
cents/kWh
(Kurier 24.3.2011)
• Windkraft:
9,7
• Fotovoltaik:
25-38
• Biomasse:
10-18,5
• Fördersummen 2010:
– Bio:
192 M€
– Wind:
86 M€
– Fotovoltaik: 11 M€
Percent of Nuclear Energy in Austrian
power grid in 2010 and 2013
(calculated out of data provided by ENTSO-E,
https://www.entsoe.eu/Pages/default.aspx urldate: 18.07.2014
)
14,00
12,00
percent (%)
10,00
8,00
2010
6,00
2013
4,00
2,00
0,00
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
month
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Energieaufwand Beschneiung
• 2014 in Österreich ca 20 000 Beschneiungsanlagen mit
ca 20 kW Leistung
• In 400 h soviel wie zwei Haushalte im ganzen Jahr
• Wasserverbrauch von 600 lt / min
• Für 1h Skipiste Grundbeschneiung 10e6 lt Wasser und
30 000 kWh
• Kosten der Beschneiung macht ca 15% des Skipasses
• Schladming: 700 Kanonen, 150 000 m3 /Tag, Kosten
ca 90 k€/Tag
• In letzten 10 Jahren 4500 Kanonen installiert
• 70% aller Pisten in Österreich beschneit
• 1,5 - 4,5 € pro m3 Schnee
Pub Outdoor Gas Radiators
• 32 radiators operating for 10h/day
-- 640 kWh
• Equal to consumption of 50 private
households
Bei Black-out
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Wired phones are dead, mobil phones depend on the battery life
TV, Radio without batteries fail
Internet is dead as routers fail
Rail transport fails, passengers have to be evacuated from tunnels
All gates from and to car parks do not open
Gas stations fail as pumps do not work
Elevators and mobile stairways fail
Home and street electricity supply fails, streets and tunnels are dark
Heating and AC systems fail
Industries are stopped
Water supply fails due to pump failure
Waste water discharge does not work
All farm animals are in danger if heating fails
All shops have to close as cash points do not function
All banks and money dispensers do not operate
Hospitals have to reduce intensive care as they run on emergency
diesel
Public intervention teams (police, fire brigades, ambulances) have
drastically to reduce their services to urgent emergency cases
What you should remember
• Impact of investment costs on
electricity price (higest-lowest)
• Impact of fuel cost on electricity
price (highest-lowest)
• Approx. fraction of nuclear
generated electricity in Austrian
grid
• Typical base load power stations
References
1.Lappeenranta University of Technology:
Faculty of Technology Department of Energy
and Environmental Technology, Research
report EN A-56
2. http://www.world-nuclear.org/Information-Library/