Heat pumps for private residential buildings.

Transcription

Public
No.8
Heat pumps for private residential buildings.
Annex 32 Meeting | Kyoto, Japan | 20071206
Achim Zeller | © DAIKINEurope N.V.
Public
Agenda
• European market trends
• Product concept
• Monitoring campaign
• Ecological and economical advantages
Altherma – Presentation for Annex 32 Meeting | Kyoto 06.12.2007
2
Public
Booming markets for A/W heat pumps throughout Europe
The European markets for heat
pumps are booming.
Especially the airwater systems are
winning an above average market
share. The motivations are a simpler
installation and attractive investment
costs for a broader range of investors,
in comparison to traditional heat
Example: Germany 20052006
Market:
Airwater:
x 2.41
x 2.92
M/S 25%
pump systems.
31%
3
Public
Agenda
• Product concept
4
Public
Altherma system overview
Heat Emitters
a Fan Coils
b Floor heating
c LT radiators
+ room heating
5.7 – 16.0 kW
+ domestic hot water
150 – 300 l (optional)
2
+ room cooling
3
5.1 13.0 kW (optional)
1
2
3
Components
Outdoor unit (6 types)
Indoor unit = Hydrobox
domestic hot water tank
(optional)
1
5
Public
Altherma – main development requirements
System
Monoenergetic A/W heat pump with balanced
ecological / economical advantages
The heat pump that everyone can afford.
Outdoor unit
Product platform = utilise A/C massproduction
advantages + Adaptation to specific heating
requirements:
Software (logic & functions)
Inverter partial load output control
Defrosting characteristics and logic
Hydrobox
The form imitates wallhanging gas systems
Equipped with complete set of hydraulic components
6
Public
1 Outdoor unit
• Hermetic invertercompressor
and R410A for optimal efficiency.
• Clearly easier installation, in
comparison to the geothermic heat
pumps
825
300
900
• High installation flexibility also
deployable without / or only with a
small garden.
320
ERYQ005 ERYQ006 ERYQ007 ERHQ011 ERHQ014 ERHQ016
Heating output**
Heating Performance (COP)
Cooling capacity (chilled water)
Sound pressure in 1 m dB(A)
5.75 kW
6.84 kW 8.43 kW
11.2 kW
14 kW
16 kW
4.56
4.34
4.05
4.56
4.41
4.16
5.12 kW
48
5.86 kW
48
6.08 kW
52
10 kW
12.5 kW
13.1 kW
49
51
53
7
Public
Efficiency and comfort advantages | Inverter Compressor
• Maximum comfort under all
conditions, including stable
room temperatures
• Soft startup
• Increased operating life, due
to continuous partialload
operations
During partial-load operations, the heat
exchangers are overdimensioned
Higher
Efficiency
Compressor efficiency
• Maximum efficiency by
controlling the compressor
rpm, for adapting output and
requirements.
TLW 26 C
TLW 30 C
TLW34 C
TLW 38 C
Higher
Efficiency
with
lower TLW
AT-controlled
nominal value
Compressor frequency
0%
17 C
Heating load
100%
Outside temperature 20 C
8
Public
2 Indoor unit | Hydrobox
Operating modes
Dimensions H*W*D (mm)
EKHBH007A
EKHBX007A
EKHBH016A
EKHBX016A
Heating
Heating & cooling
Heating
Heating & cooling
895*487*361
936*487*461
939 x 502 x 361
939 x 502 x 361
Temp. Range for heating ( C)
Temp. Range for cooling (
C)
Drain water (DW) connection
Material
25 50
25 – 50/55

7 – 20

7 – 22
No
Yes
No
Optional DW pan
Galvanised steel / powder coated
Backup heater
Galvanised steel / powder coated
•
No ventilation required
•
Reversible Hydrobox makes
active CW cooling possible
1phase
230V
3phase
400V
Levels
output (kW)
1phase
230V
3
O (3V3)

1
6
O (6V3)
O (6T1)
O (6W1)
2
9

O (9T1)
O (9W1)
2
9
Public
System applications | monovalent
Heat
pump
Hydro
box
Radiators/
floor heating
Mono-valent (heatpump only)
100%
Heatpump capacity
Coldest day of the year
Covered by heatpump
Spare heatpump
capacity
100%
Operating hours
Hours
Achim Zeller | © DAIKINEurope N.V. 10
Public
System applications | monoenergetic
Back up heater*
Heat
pump
Hydro
box
Back up heater is only used
below the equilibrium point
Radiators/
floor heating
Mono-energetic (heatpump + heater)
100%
Coldest day of the year
Heatpump capacity
Equilibrium point
10%
Covered by heatpump
Covered by back up heater
Spare heatpump
capacity
90%
Operating hours
Hours
*Back up heater is mounted inside the hydro box
Public
Simulation | Output diagram
Capacity (kW)
18,0
14,4
System output
(HP + backup heater)
10,8
Backup heater output
Equilibrium point
7,2
3,6
Full load
Partial load
0,0
Out temp. (°C)
7,4
Required
2,7
HP capacity
2,0
BUH capacity
6,6
Sy stem capacity
Equilibrium point
11,3
0.5°C / 7.3 kW
16,0
Annual COP*
3.4
* without domestic water heating
Public
Heating operations by source | Expl. Project TieltWinge (Belgium)
Thermal output (kWh)
2200
Ancillary conditions
1760
Operational area
Annual share
1320
Design point
Heat pump
Back-up heater
Heat pump
Back-up heater
Required output
Heated surface
Heating limit temperature
-7.4 / 16.0°C
-7.4 / 0.5°C
93.5%
6.5%
11.1 kW
273 m²
16.0°C
880
440
0
Out temp. (
8,0
Heat pump
3,2
Electric heater
1,6
6,4
11,2
C)
16,0
Public
3 Service water storage tank
Water volume (l)
EKSWW150
EKSWW200
EKSWW300
150
200
300
Max. water temperature
HP: 50
Diameter (mm)
Height (mm)
C (80
C with booster)
580
900
Booster heater (kW)
1150
1600
3
Power supply
1phase230V50Hz or 2phase400V50Hz
Material tank
Stainless steel
Panelling material
Sheet metal steel
Colour
Weight (kg)
Installation possibilities
White
37
45
59
Wall/Floor
Floor
Floor
Public
Deployment area: Heating | Cooling | Service water
Heating
Active cooling
T outside
25 C
T outside
43 C
20 C
15 C
25 C
50 C
Hydrobox lead temperature
5 C
20 C
Hydrobox lead temperature
Domestic hot water
T outside
43 C
35 C
Booster
Heater
20 C
25 C
50 C 85 C
Hot water tapping temperature
Public
Altherma | suitable for all modern heating surfaces
Typical supply temperature areas of different heat generators
Standard Boiler
LT-Boiler
Condensing Boiler
(VL C)
Altherma
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Floor heating
Fan convectors
NT radiators
HT radiators
Public
System control
• Ta
= ambient temperature at the outside unit
• TLW = supply temperature (from Hydrobox)
• TSWW = domestic hot water temperature in the reservoir
Input
Backup heater TLW 3way valve
Output
PCB
Ta
To regulate:
• Inverter
compressor
• Backup heater
• Booster heater
• 3way valve
Booster heater
TSWW
Inverter compressor
Public
Agenda
• Product concept
• Simulation software
• Ecological and economic advantages
Public
Standard measuring installation
•
•
•
•
•
2 Heat output counters
3 Energy counters
6 Temperature sensors
7 Time/status recorders
GSM data transmission
Public
Monitoring – measuring installation (Project Breuberg, Germany)
Public
Overview | Analyses and evaluations for the final report
• Energy-output (heat)
• Energy-input
Electric power consumption: Compressor, Fan, Back up Heater, Booster Heater, Control-unit)
• System Performance Factor (analysed per day, month and year)
• Operational hours of the heat pump (Compressor)
• Switching frequency / 24h (analysed per month and year)
• Average Electric power consumption (analysed per month and year)
• Average Heat Output (analysed per month and year)
• Outdoor / Indoor temperature
• Supply and return temperatures of the heat distribution system
• Temperatures of the heat source system: air inlet and outlet temperature
• Operational hours of the heating mode depending on the outdoor temperature
• Operational hours of the defrosting mode depending on the outdoor temperature
• Operational hours in the hot water production mode
• Operational hours of the Backup Heater
• Operational hours of the Backup Heater
• Operational hours of the circulation pump
• TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Impact)
• Environmental impact, CO2 Emissions
Public
Altherma projects in the monitoring programme
•
up to now 14 projects in 9 countries
in operation
•
Developed in cooperation with
independent partners for heat pump
monitoring:
in preparation
Oslo
– Arsenal Research (Vienna)
•
Bergen
Start of the measuring campaign:
– November 2006
Breuberg
Arvidsjaur
Stockholm
Tielt-Winge
Malmö
Malmö
Somerset
Gorki Wielki
Martin
Martin Eglise
Eglise
Martin
Eglise
Limoges
Toulouse
Gaspoltshofen
Lokve
Operating
To be finalized
Public
High user satisfaction experienced with Altherma – in Belgium
1. Project: Tielt -Winge
+
+
+
+
stable room temperatures
continuous supply of sufficient tap water
high comfort level
low energy consumption
Living space:
Heating surfaces:
Tielt Winge
Onefamily home 273 m²
Floor heating: Ground floor & bathroom
NT radiators: Bedroom, TV area
High insulation standard
Thermal insulation
(K 30 – 33% better than EPB standard
E 58 – 42% better than EPB standard)
Domestic water reservoir
300 l tank
Seasonal * performance
3.76
incl. domestic water
* for the time period 13.11.2006 – 09.04.2007
Public
TieltWinge | Building characteristic values
Tielt -Winge
•
•
•
•
Surface area:
153.4 m2
Living space:
273.4 m2
Heated space:
913.3 m3
4 occupants (2 adults, 2 children)
•
•
Design ambient temperature: 8
Design room temperatures:
–
–
–
–
•
•
•
Living area
Bathrooms
Bedrooms
Cellar
Transmission heat loss:
Ventilation heat losses:
Heating requirement:
: 20
: 24
: 18
: 10
Tielt Winge
C
C
C
C
C
5,890 W
5,272 W
11,162 W
Public
TieltWinge | System diagram
Heating only
Sanitary warm water tank
EKSWW300V3
f or calculation of inv estment cost only
Hy drobox
EKHBH007A6W1
Outdoor
ERY Q007A
230V 1ph
R410A
230V 1ph
35
400V 3Nph
C
12
Nominal cooling capacity
EER
Operation range cooling
Power supply
Fuse size
Sound pressure
Weight
15,0 43,0°C
230V 1ph
20A
52dBA
56kg
Hydrobox
Heating curve
6
ERYQ007A
825x735x300 mm
8,2 kW
3,8
20,0 25,0°C
Low temperature emitters Function
Floor heating
Dimensions
Capacity electric heater
Capacity steps
Power supply
Fuse size
Leaving water range heating
Drain connection
Material
C ambient dependend
25
Outdoor
Dimensions
Nominal heating capacity
COP
Operation range heating
C
C
Outside temperature
Sanitary warm water tank
Water volume
Max. water temperature
Dimensions
Electric heater
Power supply
Fuse size
Material inside tank
Material outside tank
Weight
EKHBH007A6W1
Heating only
487x895x361 mm
6,0 kW
2
400V 3Nph
13A
25,0 50,0°C
18mm
Epoxy polyester painted galvanized steel
EKSWW300V3
300 l
85,0°C
580x1600 mm
3,0 kW
230V 1ph
20A
Stainless steel
Epoxycoated mild steel
59kg
Public
TieltWinge | Energy flows (13.11.2006 – 09.04.2007)
Environmental losses
domestic water reservoir
domestic tap water
Heat
pump
Energy: 35285 MJ
Electric power supply
Heat emitters
Environmental energy: 28340 MJ
COP = (QHeat
+ QSWW + QAmb)
/ (PiHP
+ PiBUH + PiBoost)
COP = (35285 MJ + 1886 MJ+ 1463 MJ) / (8395 MJ + 774 MJ + 1116 MJ)
COP = 3.76 (3.61 without “effective” environmental losses)
Based on the degree dissertation:
Airwater heat pumps in lowenergy homes:A practical test
2007 | University of Louvain | Hendrik Nolens / Kevin Schoovaerts
Public
Monitoring results | TieltWinge | 19.11.06 – 09.04.2007
C kWh
20
Low COP has only a
slight influence on
seasonal COP, due to
the low consumption.
(incl. sanitary tap water)
1000
Cumulated
COP
kWh
COP
10731
5
10000
5
4.60
15
4
800
8000
4
3.76
10
600
3
6000
3
5
400
2
4000
2
0
200
1
2000
1
-5
0
0
46
47
48
49
50
51
Nov/06
Dec/06
Heating output (total)
52
1
2
3
Jan/07
4
5
6
7
8
Feb/07
9
10
11
12
Mar/07
13
(2,9%)310
(2%) 215
14
Apr/07
Average C / week
COP WP without a backup heater
Share of backup heater
COP WP with backup heater
Sharefor
booster
Altherma – Presentation
Annexheater
32 Meeting | Kyoto 06.12.2007
Public
Agenda
• Product concept
Public
TieltWinge | Cost and emission savings
•
Altherma saves operating costs
–
–
•
Energy types during Altherma operation
More than 70% of the provided energy is free
ambient heat
73%
Lower operating costs in comparison to traditional
oil or gasbased systems
Altherma limits CO2 emissions
–
Altherma s CO2 emissions are
>70% lower than with oil and
>60% lower than with gas (energy mix in Belgium).
27%
Electrical energy
2.857 kWh
Ambient energy:
7.872 kWh
Heating energy
10.729 kWh
Operating cost comparison*
(for the period: 10 Nov. 2006 to 1 April 2007)
CO2 emissions: Altherma vs. traditional systems (kg CO2)
Oil
( 3 207 )
Oil (€ 655.60)
Oil
( 2 328 )
Nat. gas (€ 490.10)
Nat. gas
Nat. Gas
Altherma (€ 364.47)
.
Altherma
( 1 540 )
(electricity)
( 1 129 )
World average
Altherma**
( 869 )
0
1000
2000
3000
Europe
4000
Belgium
0
200
400
600
800
EUR
* Prices based on Electrabel Tariffs, incl. VAT, supplemental taxes, transport & distribution costs / excl. yearly fixed cost and counter rental fee.
** Results depend upon types of electricity generation.
Public
CO2 savings potential with Altherma
kg CO2 / kWh
0,28
0,26
0,24
0,22
0,2
0,18
0,16
0,14
0,12
0,1
0,08
0,06
0,04
0,02
0
42%
69%
98%
98%
96%
33%
39%
67%
91%
Average CO2 emissions for heating private homes
CO2 emissions of air/water heat pumps
Source: UNFCCC, 2003 (United nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)
Public
Heat pumps in current public opinion
*
Who, as an investor, calculates sharply, will recognize, that due to the high invest cost
a heat pump will nearly never pays back.
Top in Consumption,
Flop in Cost
* 1. ASUE Ratgeber Wärmeversorgung 2007 / 2008
2. Ökotest – Ratgeber Bauen, Wohnen & Renovieren (2007)
from CCI 092007
Public
Altherma integrated in the ASUE fullcost comparison for new buildings
Altherma investment costs: € 6,676 incl. VAT
2.167
1.335
4.
including
floor heating
732
2.
100
3.
including
radiators
GasWall
District
Condensing
Heating
LTOil
Floorstand.
LPGWall
Condensing
Cond.Oil
Floorstand.
BWHP
Vertical Col.
WoodPellets
burner
Public
Altherma integrated into the “ÖkotestMagazine” calculation
for new construction
Altherma investment costs: € 7,000 incl. VAT
Repairs, insurance policies etc.
2500
Energy costs, incl. base prices
Investement, interest costs 2500
2086
1936
2000
2000
1691
1500
1000
1352
677
3.
1494
0
1593
1136
1088
1500
611
731
624
1000
999
690
900
250
260
180
Gas Condensing
+Solar
Wood pellet heating
598
500
576
1758
2.
395
100
100
Altherma
Ground HP,
Horizontal absorber
727
719
500
Gas-Condensing
300
250
Oil-Condensing
Oil-Low Temp.
0
Public
Heat pumps for private residential buildings | newly defined.
The comfort air-water heat pump…
– available from a mass production series.
– from the market leader for silent and compact outdoor units.
– that combines the advantages of simple source access with the
high comfort of a low temperature water based heating system.
– optionally also offering active cooling.
– that offers a real financial alternative to gascondensing
technology.
| the first people's heat pump

Heat pumps for private residential buildings.

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