Virtual Reality

Virtual Reality
man made
reality
sense
world
Präsent_d.ppt
What is Virtual Reality?
Dipl.-Ing. Indra Kusumah
Process Technology
Fraunhofer IPT
Steinbachstrasse 17
D-52074 Aachen
[email protected]
www.ipt.fraunhofer.de
© WZL / IPT
Definition:
“Virtual Reality is a high-end user interface that involves
realtime simulations and interactions through multiple
sensorial channels. These sensorial modalities are visual,
auditory, tactile, smell, taste, [...]“
Burdea,1993
Seite 1
Table of Contents
„ Virtual Reality Triangle I3
„ Virtual Reality in Product Development
„ Virtual Reality Technology
„ Virtual Reality Applications
„ Benefit of Virtual Reality
Präsent_d.ppt
Source: Fraunhofer IAO
www.vr.iao.fhg.de
© WZL / IPT
Seite 2
Virtual Reality Triangle
„ computer graphics simulation
„ create a realistic looking world
„ Interactivitiy
„ being part of the action on the screen
Immersion
Source: Adam Opel AG
„ synthesized world is not static
„ respond to user inputs
„ device input, gesture,
verbalcommands, etc.
Präsent_d.ppt
Interaction
3
I
„ human imagination
„ creation of a virtual world
„ problem solving application
Imagination
Burdea,1993
© WZL / IPT
Seite 3
Table of Contents
„ Virtual Reality Triangle I3
„ Virtual Reality in Product Development
„ Virtual Reality Technology
„ Virtual Reality Applications
„ Benefit of Virtual Reality
Präsent_d.ppt
Source: Fraunhofer IAO
www.vr.iao.fhg.de
© WZL / IPT
Seite 4
Virtual Reality in Product Development
CAVE,
HMD,
Desktop
CAD-Model
CAD
Conversion from
parametric to triangle data,
Reduction of triangles,
Generation of Level of Details
Optimization
FEM
Stereo Projector
Tracking
Realtime
Interaction
Computer
Graphic
Real 3D
Digital
Mockup
Adding Textures,
Adding Sounds
Rendering
Imaging,
Distances
between Objects
Präsent_d.ppt
FEM-Model
Definition of Groups,
Definition of Constraints,
Adding of Simulation
Voice Control
Force Feedback
Tracking
© WZL / IPT
Seite 5
Digital Mockup of a Tool machine
Präsent_d.ppt
Digital Mockup of
a wafer grinding machine
© WZL / IPT
Seite 6
Table of Contents
„ Virtual Reality Triangle I3
„ Virtual Reality in Product Development
„ Virtual Reality Technology
„ Virtual Reality Applications
„ Benefit of Virtual Reality
Präsent_d.ppt
Source: Fraunhofer IAO
www.vr.iao.fhg.de
© WZL / IPT
Seite 7
Virtual Reality Technology
What do you need for an immersive Virtual Environment?
„ High End Graphic Computer
„ Stereo-Projection-System
„ Software and Interfaces
„ Interaction Devices
Präsent_d.ppt
2 sided CAVE
Source: Fraunhofer IPT
Software Virtual Design 2
Source: vrcom
© WZL / IPT
Force Feedback Glove CyberGrasp
Source: Virtual Technologies, Inc.
Seite 8
High End Graphic Computer
Option:
„ SGI ONYX
„ PC-Cluster
Präsent_d.ppt
SGI ONYX 3200
Source: Silicon Graphics Inc.
© WZL / IPT
PC Cluster
Seite 9
Stereo-Projection-System
What makes you see 3D?
Projector
„ Stereo Viewing enables to see real 3D, meaning distances
between between objects
„ Two images with an average distance of 6.5 cm, which is the
average eye distance, are necessary to enable real 3D viewing
„ The brain superimposes both images to a 3D image
„ Different filter technologies to separate images for left and right
eye
- passive stereo: using glasses with color or polarisation filter
Virtual 3D Object
- active stereo: using shutter glasses, LCD-displays
2D Object
Screen
Präsent_d.ppt
Viewer
Shutter Glasses
Source: Stereographics
© WZL / IPT
Seite 10
Stereo-Projection-System
What kind of Stereo-Projection-Systems are available?
Head Mounted Display
Source: Virtual Research Systems, Inc.
„ Screen projection systems
- CAVE (Computer Aided Virtual Environment),
- Holobench
„ Head Mounted Displays
„ Desktop graphic workstations
Präsent_d.ppt
CAVE ReaCTor-Lite
Source: Trimension Systems
Desktop VR
Source: Stereographics
Holobench
Source: TAN Projektionstechnologie
© WZL / IPT
Seite 11
Interaction Devices
What kind of interaction is possible?
Power
supply
emitter
sensor
stylus
Force Feedback Roboter
Source: SensAble
Stylus and electromagnetic Emitter
Source: Polhemus
Electromagnetic Emitter
Source: Polhemus
Select button
„ Tracking System:
- electromagnetic, inertia, ultrasonic tracking
- measure eye position to render images concerning to point of
view, e.g. look under a table or behind something
- measure position of input devices to e.g. select objects
„ Stylus, Spacemouse
„ Voice control
„ Force Feedback for friction, collision, gravity
„ Devices: PHANToM, Sensing Gloves
„ Accustic
Präsent_d.ppt
sensor
Cable for tracking
information
Force Feedback Glove CyberGrasp
Stylus
Source: Virtual Technologies, Inc.
Source: Polhemus
© WZL / IPT
Seite 12
Table of Contents
„ Virtual Reality Triangle I3
„ Virtual Reality in Product Development
„ Virtual Reality Technology
„ Virtual Reality Applications
„ Benefit of Virtual Reality
Präsent_d.ppt
Source: Fraunhofer IAO
www.vr.iao.fhg.de
© WZL / IPT
Seite 13
Virtual Reality Applications
Virtual Reality Lab at Fraunhofer IPT
• L-Shaped two sided walk-in stereo projection system
• electromagnetic tracking
• Silicon Graphics Onyx 3200 with two graphic pipes
• several VR software packages
Presently used applications
• Combination of Design Review and Digital Mockup
• Assembly simulation of rigid parts
In development
Präsent_d.ppt
• Virtual Process Engineering
• Combination of VR and video conference
• Assembly simulation of elastic tubes
page 10
© WZL / IPT
Seite 14
Combination of Design Review & Digital Mockup
Development &
Design
Design Review / DMU Scenario
• virtual menu:
• rotate machine
• display FEM results on virtual monitor
• hide / show machine parts
• animated machine components:
• doors
• tool carriage in x, y and z
• collision checks:
• between tool carriage and plate
Präsent_d.ppt
• between tool carriage and doors
collision
page 12
© WZL / IPT
Seite 15
Combination of Design Review & Digital Mockup (Video)
Präsent_d.ppt
...
page 13
© WZL / IPT
Seite 16
Assembly Simulation
Development &
Design
Assembly Simulation with Virtual Design 2
• mounting of the grinding tool into support
• tolerances:
• 5mm
• 1mm
• recording of the assembly path
• two options of collision detection
• glide able: gliding of part possible
• ghost: moving of ghost part after collision
Präsent_d.ppt
• 155.000 polygons at 7 fps on two pipes with an ONYX 3200
page 14
© WZL / IPT
Seite 17
Präsent_d.ppt
Assembly Simulation (Video)
page 15
© WZL / IPT
Seite 18
Assembly of elastic tubes (Video)
„ generation of tube
„ fixing of tube
„ cutting of tube
„ total length
Präsent_d.ppt
„ delete tube
© WZL / IPT
Seite 19
Simulation and visualization of manufacturing processes
Finite Element Method
Material Parameter
Virtual Reality
Präsent_d.ppt
Manufacturing
Process
© WZL / IPT
Seite 20
Steps of a Cutting Simulation
Pre Processor
material data
flow curve: s = f(T,e,de/dt)
friction: µ = f(T,s,v)
density: r = f(T)
spec. heat capacity.: cp = f(T)
Taylor-Quinney: k = f(e,de/dt)
E-Module: E = f(T)
therm. expansion: dl = f(T)
...
process parameter
feed [mm/ U]
depth of cut [mm]
Präsent_d.ppt
...
© WZL / IPT
Solver
Post Processor
simulation results
cutting force
temperature
chip geometry
?
distribution of
• stress
• strain
• strainrate
Numerical Influence
• number of
remeshing steps
• element type
Seite 21
Procedure for Virtual Reality Post Processing
Deform Output: Bohren.dat
*
* STEP NUMBER =
10
*
*
RZ
1 5663
1 -0.725715E+01 0.263451E+02
2 -0.143405E+02 0.231648E+02
3 -0.860995E+01 0.242886E+02
.
.
.
URZ
1 5663
1 0.753087E+01 0.982587E+01
2 0.491817E+01 0.110875E+02
3 0.683126E+01 0.100244E+02
.
.
.
NDTMP
1 5663
1 0.200000E+02
2 0.200000E+02
3 0.200000E+02
.
.
.
Präsent_d.ppt
ELMCON
Covise: Virtual Reality
Mesh.covise
-0.414815E+02
-0.415255E+02
-0.411097E+02
VR
Desktop
1 24126
1 5569 5613 5567
2 5567 5569 5610
3 5569 5613 5610
.
.
.
STRAIN
1 24126
1 0.144655E-01
2 0.659788E-02
3 0.405799E-01
© WZL / IPT
-0.187072E+01
-0.186192E+01
-0.186776E+01
Converter: Mesh.covise
Strain.covise
...
5610
5568
5612
Strain.covise
Seite 22
Use of Virtual Reality Post Processing
Mesh.covise
Strain.covise
mesh
data of
domain surface
Präsent_d.ppt
mesh of
domain surface
data
© WZL / IPT
Seite 23
Moduls of Virtual Reality Post Processing
visualization of
domain surface
animation
of time steps
cutting of
domain surface
cutting planes
Volume Rendering
modules of
Virtual Reality Post Processing
visualization of
iso surfaces
interactive probe
Präsent_d.ppt
color transfer
of data
© WZL / IPT
Seite 24
Comparative Visualization in Virtual Reality Post Processing
Parameter Studies
in Simulation:
• cutting parameter
• material parameter
• numerical parameter
Comparative Visualization:
Präsent_d.ppt
• synchron over several
timesteps
• with same color maps
• superimposed
© WZL / IPT
Seite 25
Example of Virtual Reality Post Processing
3D-Simulation Bohren:
• Visualization of
stress distribution
Used Modules:
Präsent_d.ppt
• Colors
• Domain Surface
• Cut Geometry
• Cutting Surface
• Animation
• Probe
• Scale World
• Move World
© WZL / IPT
Seite 26
Virtual Process Eingineering
AdvantEdge
power,
temperature
CATIA „NC Manufacturing“
New Interfaces
Manufacturing time,
Comparisson of temperature,
Comparisson of power,
3D Visualisation
Integrated
visualisation of
micro and macro
process in Virtual
Reality System
Präsent_d.ppt
tool path,
NC Programm
© WZL / IPT
Seite 27
Table of Contents
„ Virtual Reality Triangle I3
„ Virtual Reality in Product Development
„ Virtual Reality Technology
„ Virtual Reality Applications
„ Benefit of Virtual Reality
Präsent_d.ppt
Source: Fraunhofer IAO
www.vr.iao.fhg.de
© WZL / IPT
Seite 28
Benefit of Virtual Reality
Präsent_d.ppt
Source: Fraunhofer IPT
What benefit do you have?
„ 20% reduction of physical prototypes
„ reduction of constructional fault
„ shorter product development time
„ higher product quality
„ improvement of communication in interdisciplinary teams
„ faster and cheaper check of different versions
e.g. DaimlerChrysler has 8 different versions of a new car
which are evaluated with VR, only 3 versions are build as physical
prototypes
„ perception of depth due to stereo visualization
„ better visualization due to large projection screens
„ intuitive human machine interface due to tracking
Source: Fraunhofer IPT
© WZL / IPT
Seite 29
Contact at Fraunhofer IPT
Dipl.-Ing. Indra Kusumah
Präsent_d.ppt
Prozesstechnologie
Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionstechnologie IPT
Steinbachstrasse 17
D-52056 Aachen
0241 – 8904 243
0241 – 8904 6243
[email protected]
© WZL / IPT
Seite 30