Discover the planets of our solar system In 90 minutes through the

Discover the planets of our solar system In 90 minutes through the

Discover the planets of our solar system
In 90 minutes through the universe
On a hiking path
between Ehrenfriedensdorf and Drebach
Solar System - Sonnensystem
The Solar System consists of the Sun and the astronomical objects gravitationally bound in
orbit around it, all of which formed from the collapse of a giant molecular cloud
approximately 4.6 billion years ago. Of the many objects that orbit the Sun, most of the mass
is contained within eight relatively solitary planets whose orbits are almost circular and lie
within a nearly flat disc called the ecliptic plane. The four smaller inner planets, Mercury,
Venus, Earth and Mars, also called the terrestrial planets, are primarily composed of rock and
metal. The four outer planets, the gas giants, are substantially more massive than the
terrestrials. The two largest, Jupiter and Saturn, are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium;
the two outermost planets, Uranus and Neptune, are composed largely of ices, such as water,
ammonia and methane, and are often referred to separately as "ice giants".
The Sun - Sonne
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is almost perfectly spherical and
consists of hot plasma interwoven with magnetic fields. It has a diameter of about 1392000
km, about 109 times that of Earth, and its mass (about 2×1030 kilograms, 330,000 times that
of Earth) accounts for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System.
At this average distance, light travels from the Sun to Earth in about 8 minutes and 19 seconds.
The energy of this sunlight supports almost all life on Earth by photosynthesis, and drives
Earth’s climate and weather.
Mean diameter:
Mass:
rotation period:
composition:
Temperature Photosphere:
Temperature Center:
1392500 km (109 × Earth)
1,989 × 1030 kg (333 000 × Earth)
25d 9h 7m (at equator)
Hydrogen (73 %), Helium (25 %)
5500 °C
~ 15 Mill. °C
Äquatordurchmesser
Masse
Rotationsdauer
Bestandteile
Oberflächentemperatur
Temperatur im Inneren
Mercury - Merkur
Mercury is the innermost and smallest planet in the Solar System, orbiting the Sun once
every 87.969 Earth days. Mercury is similar in appearance to the Moon: it is heavily cratered
with regions of smooth plains, has no natural satellites and no substantial atmosphere.
Mercury is one of four terrestrial planets in the Solar System, and is a rocky body like the
Earth.
Mean radius:
Distance to sun:
rotation period:
Orbital period:
Mass :
satellites :
atmosphere:
Surface Temperature :
2440 km - 0,4 Earths diameter
46,0 bis 69,8 Mill. km
58 days 16 hours
87 days 23 hours
0,055 Earths mass
0
none
-170 bis +430 °C
Äquatorradius
Sonnenabstand
Rotationsdauer
Umlaufzeit um die Sonne
Masse
Anzahl der Monde
Atmosphäre
Oberflächentemperatur
Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. The planet is
named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty. After the Moon, it is the brightest
natural object in the night sky.
Venus is classified as a terrestrial planet and it is sometimes called Earth’s “sister planet” due
to the similar size, gravity, and bulk composition. Venus is covered with an opaque layer of
highly reflective clouds of sulfuric acid, preventing its surface from being seen from space in
visible light. Venus has the densest atmosphere of all the terrestrial planets in the Solar
System, consisting mostly of carbon dioxide.
Venus’s surface is a dusty dry desertscape with many slab-like rocks, periodically refreshed
by volcanism.
The atmospheric pressure at the planet’s surface is 92 times that of the Earth.
Mean radius:
Distance to sun:
rotation period:
Orbital period:
Mass :
satellites :
atmosphere:
Surface Temperature :
6052 km (0,9 Earths)
107,1 – 109,0 Mill. km
243 days
224 days 17 hours
0,81 Earths mass
0
96% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen...
+460 °C
Äquatorradius
Sonnenabstand
Rotationsdauer
Umlaufzeit um die Sonne
Masse
Anzahl der Monde
Atmosphäre
Oberflächentemperatur
Earth - Erde
Earth (or the Earth) is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the
eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial
planets. It is sometimes referred to as the World, the Blue Planet.
About 71% of the surface is covered by salt water oceans, with the remainder consisting of
continents and islands which together have many lakes and other sources of water that
contribute to the hydrosphere. Earth's poles are mostly covered with solid ice.
Mean radius:
Distance to sun:
rotation period:
Orbital period:
Mass:
satellites:
atmosphere:
mean Surface Temperature :
6371 km
147,1 bis 152,1 Mill. km
23h 56m
365 days 6 hours
5.9736×1024 kg
1
78 % nitrogen, 21 % oxygen...
+15 °C
Äquatorradius
Sonnenabstand
Rotationsdauer
Umlaufzeit um die Sonne
Masse
Anzahl der Monde
Atmosphäre
Mittl. Oberflächentemp.
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun in the Solar System. The planet is named after the
Roman god of war, Mars. It is often described as the "Red Planet", as the iron oxide prevalent
on its surface gives it a reddish appearance.
Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of
the impact craters of the Moon and the volcanoes, valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.
The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is
the tilt that produces the seasons. Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the highest known
mountain within the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, the largest canyon.
Mean radius:
Distance to sun:
rotation period:
Orbital period:
Mass:
satellites:
atmosphere:
Surface Temperature :
3397 km (0,53 Earths)
206,7 bis 249,2 Mill. km
24 hours 37 m
687 days
0,1 Earths mass
2
96% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen...
-100 - +20 °C
Äquatorradius
Sonnenabstand
Rotationsdauer
Umlaufzeit um die Sonne
Masse
Anzahl der Monde
Atmosphäre
Oberflächentemperatur
Jupiter
Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet within the Solar System.
Jupiter is classified as a gas giant along with Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Together, these
four planets are sometimes referred to as the Jovian or outer planets.
Equatorial radius:
Distance to sun:
rotation period:
Orbital period:
Mass:
satellites:
atmosphere:
Surface Temperature :
71492 km (11,2 Earths)
741,9 bis 815 Mill. km
9 hours 56 m
11,87 years
317,8 Earths mass
65
90% hydrogen, 9% helium
-150 °C
Äquatorradius
Sonnenabstand
Rotationsdauer
Umlaufzeit um die Sonne
Masse
Anzahl der Monde
Atmosphäre
Oberflächentemperatur
Saturn
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in the Solar System,
after Jupiter. Saturn, along with Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune, is a gas giant. Together, these
four planets are sometimes referred to as the Jovian, meaning "Jupiter-like", planets.
Saturn has a ring system that is divided into nine continuous and three discontinuous main
rings (arcs), consisting mostly of ice particles with a smaller amount of rocky debris and dust.
Equatorial radius:
Distance to sun:
rotation period:
Orbital period:
Mass:
satellites:
atmosphere:
Surface Temperature :
60268 km (9,4 Earths)
1343 bis 1509 Mill. km
10 hours 39 m
29,5 years
95,2 Earths mass
60
93% hydrogen, 6% helium
-180 °C
Äquatorradius
Sonnenabstand
Rotationsdauer
Umlaufzeit um die Sonne
Masse
Anzahl der Monde
Atmosphäre
Oberflächentemperatur
Uranus
Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. It is named after the ancient Greek deity of the sky
Uranus.
Though it is visible to the naked eye like the five classical planets, it was never recognized as
a planet by ancient observers because of its dimness and slow orbit. Sir William Herschel
announced its discovery on March 13, 1781, expanding the known boundaries of the Solar
System for the first time in modern history. Uranus was also the first planet discovered with a
telescope.
Equatorial radius:
Distance to sun:
rotation period:
Orbital period:
Mass:
satellites:
atmosphere:
Surface Temperature :
25559 km (4 Earths)
2735 bis 3005 Mill. km
17 hours 14 m
84,7 years
14,5 Earths mass
21
83% hydrogen, 15% helium
-215 °C
Äquatorradius
Sonnenabstand
Rotationsdauer
Umlaufzeit um die Sonne
Masse
Anzahl der Monde
Atmosphäre
Oberflächentemperatur
Neptune
Neptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun in the Solar System. Named for the
Roman god of the sea, it is the fourth-largest planet by diameter and the third largest by mass.
Discovered on September 23, 1846, Neptune was the first planet found by mathematical
prediction rather than by empirical observation. Unexpected changes in the orbit of Uranus
led Alexis Bouvard to deduce that its orbit was subject to gravitational perturbation by an
unknown planet. Neptune was subsequently observed by Johann Galle within a degree of the
position predicted by Urbain Le Verrier, and its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly
thereafter
Equatorial radius:
Distance to sun:
rotation period:
Orbital period:
Mass:
satellites:
atmosphere:
Surface Temperature :
24764 km (3,8 Earths)
4456 bis 4537 Mill. km
16 hours 6 m
165 years
17,1 Earths mass
15
80% hydrogen, 19% helium
-218 °C
Äquatorradius
Sonnenabstand
Rotationsdauer
Umlaufzeit um die Sonne
Masse
Anzahl der Monde
Atmosphäre
Oberflächentemperatur
Dwarf Planet Pluto - Zwergplanet Pluto
Pluto is the second-most-massive known dwarf planet in the Solar System (after Eris) and the
tenth-most-massive body observed directly orbiting the Sun. Originally classified as the ninth
planet from the Sun, Pluto was recategorized as a dwarf planet and plutoid due to the
discovery that it is one of several large bodies within the newly charted Kuiper belt.
From its discovery in 1930 until 2006, Pluto was classified as a planet. On August 24, 2006,
the International Astronomical Union (IAU) defined what it means to be a "planet" within the
Solar System. This definition excluded Pluto as a planet and added it as a member of the new
category "dwarf planet" along with Eris and Ceres.
Equatorial radius:
Distance to sun:
rotation period:
Orbital period:
Mass:
satellites:
atmosphere:
Surface Temperature :
1153 km (0,18 Earths)
4425 bis 7375 Mill. km
6 days 9 hours 18 m
247,7 years
0,0025 Earths mass
4
---213 bis -233 °C
Äquatorradius
Sonnenabstand
Rotationsdauer
Umlaufzeit um die Sonne
Masse
Anzahl der Monde
Atmosphäre
Oberflächentemperatur