ETIMOLOGIAS GRECOLATINAS DEL ESPAÑOL UNAM

ETIMOLOGIAS GRECOLATINAS DEL ESPAÑOL UNAM

1
ETIMOLOGIAS
GRECOLATINAS
DEL ESPAÑOL
UNAM
MAGISTER : EDUARDO SALGUERO IBARRA
CICLO ESCOLAR 09/10
2
UNIDAD I: IMPORTANCIA DE LAS ETIMOLOGÍAS
GRECOLATINAS DEL ESPAÑOL
OBJETIVO DE LA UNIDAD:
4GEQPQEGT NC KORQTVCPEKC FG NC CUKIPCVWTC C RCTVKT FG NQU EQPEGRVQU FG EKGPEKC [
GVKOQNQIÈC
%QPQEGT[FQOKPCTGNCNHCDGVQITKGIQ[UWUUKIPQUQTVQIT¶HKEQU
TEMARIO:
%QPEGRVQFG'VKOQNQIÈC
+ORQTVCPEKC[WVKNKFCFFGNCUGVKOQNQIÈCUGPNCUEKGPEKCU[NCUJWOCPKFCFGUGPNC
QTVQITCHÈCGPNCNGZKEQNQIÈCFGVGEPKEKUOQU[PGQNQIKUOQUGPNCFKHGTGPEKCEKÎPFG
UKPÎPKOQU[GPNCHQTOWNCEKÎPFGFGHKPKEKQPGU
#NHCDGVQITKGIQXQECNGUEQPUQPCPVGU[FKRVQPIQU5KIPQUQTVQIT¶HKEQUCEGPVQU[
GURÈTKVWU
6TCUETKREKÎPFGNCNHCDGVQITKGIQCNGURCÌQN
'P GUVC WPKFCF UG GZRNKECT¶ GN EQPEGRVQ FG 'VKOQNQIÈC EQOQ EKGPEKC EQPUKFGTCPFQ UWU
UKIPKHKECFQUCFSWKTKFQ[GVKOQNÎIKEQ5GGUVWFKCT¶NCKORQTVCPEKCFGNCU'VKOQNQIÈCUGPNCU
EKGPEKCU [ GP NCU JWOCPKFCFGU 5G GUVWFKCT¶ GN CNHCDGVQ ITKGIQ UWU ECTCEVGTÈUVKECU [ UKIPQU
QTVQIT¶HKEQU 5G JCT¶ CFGO¶U NC ENCUKHKECEKÎP FG XQECNGU EQPUQPCPVGU [ FKRVQPIQU FG
KIWCNHQTOCUGRTCEVKECT¶NCVTCUETKREKÎPFGUQPKFQUITKGIQUCNGURCÌQN
3
%106'56#'56#)7 #&#0&1.#5&'(+0+%+10'5%1/2.'6#0&1%7#&415
4'.#%+10#0&1%1.7/0#55'.'%%+10#0&112%+10'5'6%5')­05'6'
51.+%+6'
‹%W¶NGUUQPNQUXQECDNQUITKGIQUFGNQUSWGRTQXKGPGNCRCNCDTCő'VKOQNQIÈCŒ!
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GHKPGGNEQPEGRVQFGő'VKOQNQIÈCŒEQOQ¶TGCFGNEQPQEKOKGPVQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
$WUECGPGNFKEEKQPCTKQNCFGHKPKEKÎPFGOrtografía, Lexicología, Tecnicismo, Neologismo
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORNGVCNCUUKIWKGPVGUHTCUGUWVKNK\CPFQNGVTCUITKGICU
C'PVTGNCUPCEKQPGUEQOQGPVTGNQUŗAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
D0CFCGUXGTFCFPKŗAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
E.COCVGTKCŌEQOQNCGPGTIÈCŌŗAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
F%KÌCbQJ2CVTKCVWUUKGPGUFGŗAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
G'NőFK¶OGVTQŒGUŗAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
‹%ÎOQUGTGRTGUGPVCGNUQPKFQő7ŒGPITKGIQ!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA'LGORNKHÈECNQEQPWPCRCNCDTC
ITKGIC[UWVTCPUETKREKÎPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'PITCO¶VKECUGJCEGNCENCTCFKUVKPEKÎPGPVTGCEGPVQ[VKNFGŗ.CVKNFGGUNCTC[KVCQUKIPQSWGUG
GUETKDGUQDTGCNIWPCUXQECNGURGTQ‹SWÃGUGPUÈGNCEGPVQŗ!
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'PGURCÌQNAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANCURCNCDTCUVKGPGPCEGPVQRGTQUÎNQAAAAAAAAAAAAANNGXCPVKNFG
CVGPFKGPFQCEKGTVCUTGINCU
'PITKGIQUKPGODCTIQUGNGNNCOCCEGPVQKPFKUVKPVCOGPVGCNUKIPQEQOQCNCGNGXCEKÎPFGNVQPQŗ
GZKUVGPVKRQUFGCEGPVQU[UWUUKIPQUTGURGEVKXQUUQPŗ
#IWFQAAAAAAAA )TCXGAAAAAAAA %KTEWPHNGLQAAAAAAAA
‹2QTSWÃNQUFGTKXCFQUFGNCRCNCDTCITKGICη}λιο∀ŌEQOQHeliocéntricoŌNNGXCPő*Œ!
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
.QUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAUQPUKIPQUQTVQIT¶HKEQUSWGUGGUETKDGPUQDTGNCUXQECNGUKPKEKCNGUFG
ρGυ
υ
WPCRCNCDTCCUÈEQOQGPNCUEQPUQPCPVGUρ
%1.14'#'0.#55+)7+'06'5(4#5'5.156'%0+%+5/15
PCTCPLC
0'1.1)+5/15
COCTKNNQ;6œ4/+01537'27&+'4#06'0'4
705+0¦0+/1/55'0%+..1;&'751%16+&+#01
C\WN
'NRCTVGOÃFKEQFGLÎGPVTGXGTNCITCXGFCFFGNRCEKGPVGCEEGUQUFGVCSWKECTFKCGPHKUGOC
RWNOQPCTGKPUWHKEKGPEKCTGPCNŗVQFQGNVKGORQGUVCTQFGCFQFGECTFKÎNQIQU[PGHTÎNQIQU
.C KPHTCGUVTWEVWTC JKFT¶WNKEC SWG JC FG QRGTCT GP WPC OGICNÎRQNKU TGSWKGTG FG WPC
OGVKEWNQUCRNCPGCEKÎPRQTRCTVGFGNQUKPIGPKGTQUGITGUCFQUFGNRQNKVÃEPKEQCSWKGPGUNGU
HWGGPEQOGPFCFQGUVGOCIPQRTQ[GEVQ
'N GSWKRQ FG NQIÈUVKEC FG NC OGICOCTEJC EWKFÎ JCUVC GN OÈPKOQ FGVCNNG RCTC UW ÎRVKOQ
4
,WCP GU WP EKDGTPCWVC GORGFGTPKFQ CHKEKQPCFQ C GZRNQTCT UKVKQU FG PCPQVGEPQNQIÈC [ FG
ICFIGVUFGÕNVKOCIGPGTCEKÎP
%1/2.'6#'.%7#&41&'56#%#0&1.#76+.+&#&&'.#5'6+/1.1) #5
'0.#5&+56+06#54'#5&'.%101%+/+'061)7 #6'214'.','/2.1
AREA DE
CONOCIMIENTO
#RTGPFK\CLGFGQVTQUKFKQOCU
&CFQ SWG CNIWPQU KFKQOCU
EQOQ GN GURCÌQN HTCPEÃU
KVCNKCPQ RQTVWIWÃU Q ECVCN¶P UG
FGTKXCPFGNNCVÈPOWEJCUFGUWU
RCNCDTCUOCPKHKGUVCPWPGPQTOG
RCTGEKFQ EQP NQ SWG
EQPQEKGPFQ NCU GVKOQNQIÈCU GU
H¶EKNTGEQTFCTNCU
EJEMPLO
.CVÈP(NQTHNQTKU
'URCÌQN(NQT
(TCPEÃU(NGWT
+VCNKCPQ(KQTGPV
1TVQITCHÈC
.GZKEQNQIÈCFGVGEPKEKUOQU
.GZKEQNQIÈCFGPGQNQIKUOQU
/CPGLQFGUKPÎPKOQU
&GHKPKTEQPEGRVQU
&KUVKPIWKTGPVTGVÃTOKPQU
GSWÈXQEQU
UTILIDAD
#0#.+<#.#52#.#$4#5%#56'..#0#537'5'/'0%+10#0;'5%4+$''0%#&#
5
6
PREFIJO(S)
+0574)'06'5
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#)7#5%#.+'06'05'
#06+&'/1%46+%1
%#5%#07'%'5
LEXEMA O RAÍZ
SUFIJO(S)
OTRA VOCABLO QUE
PERTENEZCA A LA
MISMA FAMILIA DE
PALABRAS
#0#.+<#5+06%6+%#/'06'.#55+)7+'06'14#%+10'5;'0*1,#5#2#46'
'.#$14#%7#&4155+0¦26+%152#4#37'.15%1/2.'6'5
%10.#+0(14/#%+¦037'5'6'51.+%+6#
'.#$14#70%7#&415+0¦26+%12#4#%#&#70#&'.#514#%+10'5
6GTTKDNGUPQVKEKCUUQDTGNCINQDCNK\CEKÎPFKQCNQUVGNGURGEVCFQTGUGNRTGUVKIKQUQ[CHCOCFQ
EQOGPVCTKUVCFGNECPCNNCÕNVKOCPQEJGFGNOGU
*Q[GPNCOCÌCPCGNFGUCNOCFQCUGUKPQFGNC0CTXCTVGFGNCVÎCPVGGNOKPKUVGTKQRÕDNKEQ
FGNCCIGPEKCCUWUEÎORNKEGUFGHGEJQTÈCU
4GUWNVÎWPTQVWPFQÃZKVQRCTCNQUQTICPK\CFQTGUCNVTWKUVCUGNÕNVKOQEQPEKGTVQFGNC1TSWGUVC
5KPHÎPKECFG/KPGTÈC
0­%.'1
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
57,'61
/1&+(+%#&14
&+4'%61
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/1&+(+%#&14
+0&+4'%61
0­%.'1AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
14#%+¦0
0­%.'1
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/1&+(&+4
/1&+(+0&+4
0':1AAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
0­%.'1
1+
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
24'&+%#&1
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/1&+(&+4
/1&+(+0&+4
0':1AAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
0­%.'1
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%%
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
0':1AAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/1&+(&+4
/1&+(+0&+4
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
76+.+<#0&1.#514#%+10'5&'.','4%+%+1#06'4+14#0#.+<#.#52#.#$4#5
37'5'*#057$4#;#&1;&'6'4/+0#57%#6')14 #)4#/#6+%#.
2#4#..'0#4'.5+)7+'06'%7#&41
CATEGORÍA GRAMATICAL
5756#06+81
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#46 %7.1
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24'215+%+¦0
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PALABRA SUBRAYADA
7
8
'5%4+$'.#581%#.'5)4+')#5'0/#;­5%+.#5;/+0­5%7.#5
MAYÚSCULA / MINUSCULA
# AAAAAAAAAAA
' AAAAAAAAAAA
+ AAAAAAAAAAA
1 AAAAAAAAAAA
MAYÚSCULA / MINUSCULA
AAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAA
'5%4+$'.#5%10510#06'5)4+')#5%.#5+(+%0&1.#5'05+/2.'5;&1$.'5
;/'0%+10#%7.'5&'.#537'75#/15'0'52#¤1.01':+56'0'0)4+')1
;%¦/1*#$4'/15&'572.+4.#5
CONSONANTES SIMPLES
MAYÚSCULA / MINUSCULA
4AAAAAAAAAAA
6AAAAAAAAAAA
2AAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAA
5AAAAAAAAAAA
&AAAAAAAAAAA
MAYÚSCULA / MINUSCULA
,AAAAAAAAAAA
-AAAAAAAAAAA
.AAAAA
$AAAAAAAAAAA
0AAAAAAAAAAA
CONSONANTES
DOBLES
MAYÚSCULA / MINUSCULA
25AAAAAAAAAAA
&5AAAAAAAAAAA
-5AAAAAAAAAAA
LETRAS CASTELLANAS
QUE NO EXISTEN EN
GRIEGO
(AAAAAAAAAAA
/AAAAA
AAAAAA
)AAAAAAAAAAA
6*AAAAAAAAAAA
'5%4+$'.15&+2610)15)4+')15#¤#&+'0&17081%#$.137'.15
','/2.+(+37'
%QPιι
&+2610)152412+15
&+2610)15+/2412+15
%QPυ
υ
%QPιιUWUETKVC
DIPTONGO / VOCABLO QUE EJEMPLIFIQUE
DIPTONGO / VOCABLO QUE EJEMPLIFIQUE
DIPTONGO / VOCABLO QUE EJEMPLIFIQUE
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/'0%+10#.137'5'6'2+&''0%#&#%1.7/0##%'4%#&'.1581%#$.15
)4+')15
SIGNIFICADO
DERIVADO
CLASIFICACIÓN POR SU ACENTO
Σω∼µα
__________
______________
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∆αςκτυλο∀
__________
______________
________________
ϕΙχϑυς∀
Βου∼∀
Πτεςρον
__________
__________
__________
______________
______________
________________
________________
______________
________________
9
10
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PALABRA GRIEGA
ωµο∀
GURCNFC
αιµατος
UCPITG
ανϑρωπος JQODTG
οµος
KIWCN
υπνος
UWGÌQ
ε[ρ
ρο∀ COQT
υδωρ CIWC
εκατον
EKGP
α[ρ
ρϑρον
CTVKEWNCEKÎP
ονοµα
PQODTG
DERIVADO EN ESPAÑOL
1OÎRNCVQ
*GOCVQOC
#PVTQRQNQIÈC
*QOQIÃPGQ
*KRPQUKU
'TÎVKEQ
*KFT¶WNKEQ
*GEV¶TGC
#TVTKVKU
1PQO¶UVKEQ
TIPO DE ESPÍRITU Y
ACENTO QUE DEBE
LLEVAR LA PÁLABRA
GRIEGA
CLASIFICACIÓN DE LA
PALABRA GRIEGA, SEGÚN
SU ACENTO
'URÈTKVW#EGPVQ
5WCXG#IWFQ
2CTQZÈVQPC
2TQRCTQZÈVQPC
'URÈTKVW#EGPVQ
AAAAAAAAAAAA
%1/2.'6#'.%7#&414'('4'06'#.#5%#4#%6'4 56+%#5&'.15'52 4+675
)4+')15
11
ESPÍRITU
SIGNO
5WCXGQFÃDKN
(WGTVGTWFQQ
¶URGTQ
PRONUNCIACIÓN
PASA AL ESPAÑOL
COMO…
EJEMPLO DE UNA
PALABRA GRIEGA QUE LO
LLEVE
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%1/1&'.#.#6+0#Ō%10'56'6':61
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Παςτερ ηϑµω∋ν οϑ εϕν τοι∋∀ Ουρανοι∋∀ αϑγιασϑηϖτω το; ο[νοµα σου∋,
5CPVKHKEGVWTPQOGPVWWO
γενετεϖτο το; τεϖλεµα σου∋ (KCVXQNWPVCUVWC
ECGNKU
εϕλϑαϖτω ηϑ βασιλειϖα σου∋,
2CVGTPQUVGTSWKGUVKP
#FXGPKCVTGIPWOVWWO
καιϖ επι; τη∋∀ γη∋∀, και; εϕν τω/∋ ουϕρανω/∋...
UKEWVKPECGNQGVKPVGTTCŗ
διδου∋ ηϑµι∋ν το; καϑ ϖ ηϑµεϖραν,
το;ν α[ρτον ηϑµω∋ν το;ν εϕπιουϖσιον RCPGOPQUVTWOSWQVKFKCPWO
FCPQDKUJQFKG
UKEWVGVPQUFKOKVKOWU
και; αϕϕεϖ∀ ηϑµι∋ν τα;∀ αϑµαρτιϖα∀ ηϑµω∋ν, FGDKVCPQUVTC
και; γα;ρ αυϕτοι; αϕϕιϖοµεν παντι; οϕϕειϖλοντι ηϑµι∋ν.
GVFKOKVGPQDKU
FGDKVQTKDWUPQUVTKU
και; µη; ειϕσενεϖγκη∀ ηϑµα;∀ ειϕσ πειραϖσµον, GVPGPQUKPFWECUKP
VGPVCVKQPGO
και; δε; αϕπο; του∋ κακου∋ εϕλευτεϖρη∀, ϕΑµηϖν
UGFNKDGTCPQUCOCNQ
#OGP
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‹%W¶NGUGNRTKPEKRCNQDLGVQFGGUVWFKQFGNCUGVKOQNQIÈCU!
C.QURTGHKLQU
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F.CURCNCDTCU
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C5GJCDNCDKGP D5GTGFCEVCEQTTGEVCOGPVG E5GNGGEQPHNWKFG\ F/GLQTCNCQTVQITCHÈC
‹3WÃGUNCITCO¶VKEC!
C4COCFGNC.KPI×ÈUVKECSWGGUVWFKCNCGUVTWEVWTCGKPVGTTGNCEKÎPFGNCURCNCDTCUGPNCQTCEKÎP
D4COCFGNC.KPI×ÈUVKECSWGGUVCDNGEGNCUPQTOCUFGEQORQUKEKÎP
E4COCFGNC.KPI×ÈUVKECSWGGUVWFKCNCJKUVQTKCGXQNWVKXCFGNCNGPIWC
F4COCFGNC.KPI×ÈUVKECSWGVKGPGRQTQDLGVQGNGUVWFKQFGNCUPQTOCUFGGUETKVWTC[TGFCEEKÎP
'UVWFKCGNUKIPKHKECFQFGNCURCNCDTCUCUÈEQOQNQUECODKQUSWGÃUVGRWGFGUWHTKTCVTCXÃUFGNVKGORQŗ
C5GO¶PVKEC D(QPQNQIÈC E/QTHQNQIÈC F5KPVCZKU
#PCNK\C GN QTFGP [ TGNCEKQPGU FG NCU RCNCDTCU FGPVTQ FG NC QTCEKÎP EQP NC KPVGPEKÎP FG GZRTGUCT KFGCU Q
EQPEGRVQUŗ
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C(QPQNQIÈC D5GO¶PVKEC E(QPÃVKEC F5KPVCZKU
4COCFGNCNKPI×ÈUVKECSWGGUVWFKCNQUUQPKFQUSWGGOKVKOQUTGCNOGPVGCUÈEQOQÃUVQUHQTOCPNCURCNCDTCU
C/QTHQNQIÈC D(QPÃVKEC E5GO¶PVKEC F5KPVCZKU
‹'PSWÃQREKÎPJC[WPCRCNCDTCEQPWPFKRVQPIQ!
C#GTQUV¶VKEQ
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‹3WÃGUWPFKRVQPIQ!
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OKUOCUÈNCDC
E&QUXQECNGUSWGUGRTQPWPEKCPGPWPCOKUOCUÈNCDC
F7PKÎPFGXQECNHKPCNEQPQVTCKPKEKCNGP
RCNCDTCU FKUVKPVCU
5QPENCUKHKECEKQPGUFGNCUNGVTCUFGNCNHCDGVQITKGIQGZEGRVQŗ
C8QECNGUEQPUQPCPVGU[FKRVQPIQU D/KPÕUEWNCU[/C[ÕUEWNCU
E%QPUQPCPVGUUKORNGU[FQDNGU F&KRVQPIQUUKORNGU[EQORWGUVQU
CΛοςγο∀
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DΜορϕης HQTOCΛοϖγο∀ VTCVCFQ
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E8QECDNQUITKGIQUSWGRWGFGPKPVGTXGPKTQPQGPNCHQTOCEKÎPFGRCNCDTCUECUVGNNCPCU
F5QPUKIPQUQTVQIT¶HKEQUSWGUGEQNQECPUQDTGWPUQPKFQXQE¶NKEQKPKEKCNFGRCNCDTC
‹3WÃKPFKECGNGURÈTKVWTWFQ¶URGTQQHWGTVG[EÎOQRCUCCNGURCÌQN!
C3WGGNUQPKFQSWGNQNNGXCPQFGDGRTQPWPEKCTUG&GUCRCTGEGCNTQOCPEGCTUG
D3WGGNUQPKFQSWGNQNNGXCFGDGFKRVQPICTUG#NRCUCTCNGURCÌQNUGEQPUGTXCGNUQPKFQQTKIKPCN
E3WGGNUQPKFQSWGNQNNGXCFGDGRTQPWPEKCTUGPQUKPOQFKHKECEKÎPRQTVCPVQFGUCRCTGEGCNTQOCPEGCTUG
F3WGGNUQPKFQSWGNQNNGXCFGDGRTQPWPEKCTUGEQPWPCCURKTCEKÎP[RCUCEQOQőJŒCNGURCÌQN
7PKFCFNKPI×ÈUVKECO¶URGSWGÌCGPNCECFGPCJCDNCFCSGGUCNCXG\RQTVCFQTCFGUKIPKHKECEKÎPŗ
C2CNCDTC D5ÈNCDC
E.GZGOC F'PWPEKCFQ
'UGNRTGHKLQFGNCRCNCDTCRetransmitir
C6TCPU D/KV
E4G F6KT
5GEQNQECGPVTGNCTCÈ\[GNUWHKLQ[UKTXGRCTCHCEKNKVCTNCRTQPWPEKCEKÎPFGNCRCNCDTC
C2TGHKLQ D5WHKLQ E+PHKLQ
F&GUKPGPEKC
5GEQNQECFGURWÃUFGNCTCÈ\QTCFKECN
C2TGHKLQ D5WHKLQ E+PHKLQ
F&GUKPGPEKC
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4GXGPVC
C8GPFKOKC8GPVCPC D8GPVCPC8GPVWTC E8GPVWTC4GXGPVC F4GXGPVC8GPFKOKC
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5KTXGPRCTCGPUGÌCTPQUCGUETKDKT
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15
UNIDAD II: ORIGEN Y ESTRUCTURA DEL LENGUAJE
OBJETIVO DE LA UNIDAD:
1. Conocer la clasificación genealógica y morfológica de las principales lenguas del mundo.
2. Enunciar las principales familias lingüísticas. Situar la familia lingüística Indoeuropea y conocer
sus ramas. Ubicar el español en dicha familia.
3. Observar las características del Latín culto y del Latín vulgar.
4. Identificar los principales elementos no latinos del español.
5. Reconocer los elementos morfológicos de las palabras simples y compuestas.
6. Distinguir los cambios fonéticos, morfolgicos y semánticos de las palabras.
TEMARIO:
1. Clasificación de las lenguas:
a) Clasificación genealógica: La familia lingüística indoeuropea. Ramas griega e italo-céltica.
Latín culto y latín vulgar. Sus características fonéticas: abecedario, vocales, diptongos y
consonantes; morfológicas y semánticas. Concepto de enunciado, declinación y caso. Las
lenguas romances.
b) Clasificación morfológica: Lenguas monosilábicas, aglutinantes y flexivas (analíticas y
sintéticas).
2. Estructura y elementos morfológicos de las palabras españolas: raíz y otros morfemas.
3. Clasificación de las palabras españolas por sus elementos: simples y compuestas.
4. Transformación de las palabras. Cambios fonéticos, morfológicos y semánticos. Sentido natural
y metafórico.
5. Integración del español: Latín y Griego (tecnicismos, neologismos). Elementos no latinos.
En esta segunda unidad el alumno estudiará el origen y estructura de la lengua española
empezando por los criterios genealógico y morfológico para la clasificación de las lenguas. La
16
vulgar hasta llegar a las lenguas neolatinas o romances. Se revisarán los conceptos de
enunciado, declinación y caso, propios de las lenguas de flexión.
Después se verá la estructura y elementos morfológicos de las palabras españolas: raíz y
morfemas o afijos (se sugiere que el profesor haga una comparación con la nomenclatura de la
lingüística estructural yla tradicional). Clasificará las palabras por
sus elementos. Estudiará los cambios fonéticos, morfológicos y semánticos para entender el
sentido natural y metafórico de las palabras.
La unidad concluirá con los principales elementos no latinos que conforman la lengua española.
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FAMILIA LINGÜÍSTICA
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Dilatoria
Usufructuario
Embargar AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
29
+&'06+(+%#'0.#52#.#$4#5+0).'5#5;%#56'..#0#5.15%#515&'
/1015+.#$+5/1#).76+0#/+'0611(.':+¦037'5'24'5'06'0
;'5%4 $'.#5'0.#%1.7/0#37'%144'5210&#
Cortauñas
Niñería
Carefully
Homework
Book
Amabilidad
Night
Choose
Darkness
Oldiest
Cruel
Watermelon Col
Miel
Manazo
Baloncesto
Nochebuena
Centerfield
I
N G L
É S
E
S
A
Ñ
O
L
AGLUTINAMIENTO
FLEXIÓN
5'.'%%+10#.#52#.#$4#5&'.4'%7#&4137'%1/2.'6'0%144'%6#/'06'
.#+0(14/#%+¦0375'6'241214%+10#
(10'6+%#5
6'4/+0#%+10'5
64'5
8#4+15
.#52#.#$4#5
)'0'#.1)+%#
#).76+0#06'5
/14(1.1)+%#
5+06'6+%#5
MONOSILABISMO
#0#.+6+%#5
'.510+&1
.#
'5647%674#
ő.CENCUKHKECEKÎPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAVQOCGPEWGPVCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAFG
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGPNCUFKUVKPVCUNGPIWCUHQTOCPFQAAAAAAAAITWRQU
30
.GPIWCU/QPQUKN¶DKECUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA[FGHNGZKÎP
.CU NGPIWCU FG HNGZKÎP UG FKXKFGP GP AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA UK GU SWG GZRTGUCP UWU
TGNCEKQPGU
OGFKCPVGCTVÈEWNQU[RTGRQUKEKQPGU
EQOQGN'URCÌQN[GPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
UKNQJCEGPOGFKCPVGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
EQOQGN.CVÈPQ)TKGIQŒ
.#55+)7+'06'5(4#5'5'560+06'44'.#%+10#&#5;6+'0'037'8'4
%10.15%10%'2615ő&'%.+0#%+¦0%#51;'070%+#&1Œ
%1/2.œ6#.#5%10.#52#.#$4#5':#%6#537'*#)#0(#.6#
2CTCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAWPXGTDQJC[SWGGPWPEKCTVQFCUUWUXCTKCPVGUOKUOCUSWGTGHNGLCPNQU
FKUVKPVQUVKGORQURGTUQPCUPÕOGTQUOQFQU[XQEGUSWGRWGFGGZRTGUCT
'P NGPIWCU EQOQ GN NCVÈP AAAAAAAAAAAAAA WP UWUVCPVKXQ EQPUKUVG GP GPWPEKCT NC NKUVC FG
XCTKCEKQPGUSWGÃUVGRWGFGVGPGTRCTCGZRTGUCTUWUFKUVKPVCUHWPEKQPGUUKPV¶EVKECU
&G NQU FQU RWPVQU CPVGTKQTGU TGUWNVC SWG NC AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA GU CN XGTDQ NQ SWG NC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAACNUWUVCPVKXQ
&G GUVQU FQU őRTQEGUQU ITCOCVKECNGUŒ GP GURCÌQN UÎNQ UG EQPUGTXÎ VQVCNOGPVG NC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
A
'P WP UKUVGOC FG FGENKPCEKQPGU NCU HWPEKQPGU FG UWLGVQ QDLGVQ FKTGEVQ [ EQORNGOGPVQ
EKTEWPUVCPEKCNTGEKDGPNQUPQODTGUFGŗ
5WLGVQ
AAAAAAAAA
A
%CUQ
AAAAAAAAA 1DLGVQ &KTGEVQ
A
%CUQ
AAAAAAAAA %QORN %KTE
%CUQ
5K GP WP FKEEKQPCTKQ NCVKPQ DWUE¶TCOQU WP UWUVCPVKXQ ÃUVG UKGORTG CRCTGEGT¶ GPWPEKCFQ EQP
AAAARCNCDTCU
'P WP UKUVGOC FG FGENKPCEKQPGU EQOQ GN NCVÈP Q ITKGIQ NQU ECUQU GP SWG UKGORTG CRCTGEGT¶P
GPWPEKCFQU NQ UWUVCPVKXQU UQP AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA [ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RQT GL
&KIKVWUFKIKVK∆αςκτυλο∀, δακτυςλου.
&GGUVQUECUQUGNO¶UKORQTVCPVGGUGNAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA[CSWGGURTGEKUCOGPVGÃUVG
GNSWGPQUKPFKECNCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACNCSWGRGTVGPGEGPNQUUWUVCPVKXQU
%1/2.'6#'.%7#&41&'&'%.+0#%+10'5.#6+0#5
1ª DECL.
GENITIVO
EJEMPLOS
2ª DECL.
AAAA
AAAA
NOMINATIVO
AAAAAAAAAAAA
K
3ª DECL.
4ª DECL.
8CTKCDNG
AAAA
AAAAAAAA
AAAA
CONJUGACIÓN
DECLINACIÓN
SWGUKIWGGUVGRTQEGUQ
•
#EEKFGPVGUITCOCVKECNGU
•
AAAAAAAA[AAAAAAA
SWGUGGZRTGUCP
•
•
AAAAAAAAAA
•
AAAAAAAA
•
AAAAAAAAAA
•
AAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAA
•
AAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAA
•
AAAAAAAAAA
•
AAAAAAAAAA
5GTGCNK\COGFKCPVG
GNWUQFGŗ
5ª DECL.
GU
AAAA
':2.+%#.155+)7+'06'5241%'515)4#/#6+%#.'5)7 #6'214.#524')706#5
6KRQFGRCNCDTC
31
#¤#&+'0&1.#56'4/+0#%+10'5
37'%144'5210&#0#%#&#%#51;&'%.+0#%+¦0
'P'URCÌQNAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'P'URCÌQNAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'P.CVÈPQ)TKGIQAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'P.CVÈPQ)TKGIQAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+&'06+(+%#.15%#515'0.#55+)7+'06'514#%+10'5;'5%4+$'
'0.152#4œ06'5+5'.0­/'4137'%144'5210&#
1.- Nominativo
2.- Acusativo
3.- Dativo
4.- Ablativo
5.- Vocativo
6QFCUNCUOCÌCPCUGPVTCPRQTOKXGPVCPCNQUNWOKPQUQUTC[QUFGNW\
32
%KÌCQJ2CVTKCVWUUKGPGUFGQNKXCFGNCRC\GNCTE¶PIGNFKXKPQ
'POKEWORNGCÌQUOKURCR¶UOGTGICNCTQPGNEGNWNCTFGOQFC
b5GÌQTCU[UGÌQTGUŗ*Q[GPVTGICT¶GUVCKPUVKVWEKÎPWPOGTGEKFQTGEQPQEKOKGPVQ
CNQUTGUECVKUVCUFGNQUUQDTGXKXKGPVGU
‹%W¶PVQUUWUVCPVKXQUJC[GPVQFQUNQUGLGORNQUCPVGTKQTGU!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
64#&7%'.#5(4#5'5#..#6+01#.'52#¤1.5')70'.%#51
La mayor parte del vocabulario se da a continuación; las palabras que falten
las encuentras en las listas de palabras de los ejercicios anteriores
2WGTJCDGV
VKGPGECRKVKUFQNQTGOAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
$GNNWOOWNVWOFCOPWOECWUCV
QECUKQPCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5KPWUJQUVKUXWNPGTGOJCDGVAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QUNGIGOHCEGV
JCEG
0QPJCDGUUVWNVKECRKNNWO
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
.CRKGFTCPQVKGPG
JCDGVCNOC
'NECORGUKPQUKGODTC
EQNGVNCUGOKNNC
/KEQORCÌGTQVKGPGWPCECFGPCFGQTQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'NPKÌQUGTQORKÎ
TWORVWTWPJWGUQFGWPFGFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
.CDCNCRGPGVTÎ
RGPGVTCXKVGNEQTC\ÎPFGNGPGOKIQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
VOCABULARIO
Dolor, doloris (dolor)
Hostis, hostis (enemigo)
Lex, legis (ley)
Mos, moris (costumbre)
Multus, -a, -um (mucho)
Sinus, -us (pecho, seno)
Puer, pueri (niño)
Vulnus, vulneris (Herida)
Alma
Bala
Cadena
Campesino
Compañero
Dedo
Hueso
Oro
Piedra
Semilla
(Anima, -ae)
(Missil, missilis)
(Catena, -ae)
(Agricola, -ae)
(Comes, comitis)
(Digitus, -i)
(Os, osis)
(Aurum, -i)
(Lapis, lapidis)
(Semen, seminis)
/'0%+10#.#&'%.+0#%+¦0#.#37'2'46'0'%'0.155+)5756#06+815
.#6+015;&'%#&#701(14/7.#70&'4+8#&1'0'52#¤1.
DECLINACIÓN
%CRWVECRKVKU
ECDG\C #IGTCITK %CORQ &KGUFKGK &ÈC
#WFKVQUWU 1ÈFQ (NCOOCCG (NCOOC
DERIVADO
AAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'5%4+$''0.#5. 0'#5.#(14/#&'.01/+0#6+811)'0+6+81
5')­0*#)#(#.6#
AAAAAAAAAAAA2QRWNK C&GEN
33
(GOKPCAAAAAAAAAAAAA
C&GEN
5GPUWAAAAAAAAAAAAA C&GEN
7TDUAAAAAAAAAAAAA C&GEN
AAAAAAAAAAAAA(KFGK C&GEN
76+.+<#0&1. 0'#5&'%1.14'570'.155756#06+815.#6+015
%10.#&'%.+0#%+¦0#.#37'2'46'0'<%#0
#5+/+5/1(14/#%10'..1570%1/27'561;70&'4+8#&1%#56'..#01
1ª DECL.
2ª DECL.
3ª DECL.
4GUTGK(Cosa)
%QORWGUVQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORWGUVQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
(WOWUK(Humo)
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORWGUVQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
1RWUQRGTKU(Obra)
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORWGUVQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
)GNWWU(Hielo)
34
4ª DECL.
5ª DECL.
.CRKUNCRKFKU(Piedra)
%QORWGUVQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
35
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORWGUVQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5QOPWUUQOPK(Sueño)
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORWGUVQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5RGUURGK(Esperanza)
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORWGUVQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
2NWXKCCG(Lluvia)
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORWGUVQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
*WOWUK(Tierra)
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'5%4+$'.#&'(+0+%+¦0&'%#&#70#&'.#55+)7+'06'52#.#$4#5
;'.#$14#%10'..#570#(4#5''0.#37'5'#24'%+'57751/'6#(¦4+%1
(ÈLCVGGPGNGLGORNQ
Buitre
&GHKPKEKÎPTGCN
C#XGECTTQÌGTCFG\QPCUGUVGRCTKCU
D.QURCTKGPVGUFGNFKHWPVQHWGTQPWPQUDWKVTGUEQPNCJGTGPEKC
7UQOGVCHÎTKEQ
Burro
CAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
DAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Cerebro
CAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
DAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Otoño
CAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
DAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
(14/#(#/+.+#5&'2#.#$4#5#¤#&+'0&124'(+,15157(+,15#.15.':'/#5
37'5'6'241214%+10#0'0%#&#%7#&41;&'6'4/+0#5+.#52#.#$4#5
36
37'(14/#56'5105+/2.'5&'4+8#&#51%1/27'56#5
PREFIJO
LEXEMA
RQTV
PREFIJO
LEXEMA
SUFIJO
VGP
SUFIJO
PREFIJO
FWE
LEXEMA
SUFIJO
PREFIJO
UETKD
LEXEMA
SUFIJO
EJERCICIOS DE TOPONIMIOS NAHUAS
DIVIDE LAS SIGUIENTES PALABRAS EN SUS ELEMENTOS Y EXPLICA SU SIGNIFICADO
ETIMOLÓGICO, TAL COMO LO MUESTRAN LOS EJEMPLOS.
Elementos
MEXICO
OAXACA
Me
xi
Meztli Luna Xitle Centro
Significado
Co Lugar }
Oax
a
Huaxin Guaje Elemento eufónico
de unión.
1.- ACAPULCO
co
LUGAR EN EL OMBLIGO DE LA LUNA
ca
Ca Lugar }
LUGAR DONDE ABUNDAN GUAJES
37
2.- MAZATLAN
3.- TECATITLAN
4.- MICHOACAN
5.- CHIAPAS
6.- JALISCO
7.- ALMOLOYAN
8.- ZACATECAS
9.- SINALOA
10.- XOCHIMILCO
Apan
Citlalli
Coahuitl
Cuautli
Michin
Nayar
Huaxin
Sina
Loloa
Tlascalli
Zacatl
Acatl
Río
Estrella
Arbol.
Aguila.
Pescado.
Dios de las batallas.
Guaje.
Pitahaya.
Rodar, redondo (a).
Pan.
Zacate.
Carrizo, caña.
Xóchitl
Atl
Molonqui
Mázatl
Tecatl
Meztli
Papalotl
Tecatl, tepetl
Xalli
Xitle
an, la, ca, can,
Flor.
Agua.
Emanar, Fluir.
Venado.
Peñasco.
Luna.
Mariposa.
Cerro.
Arena.
Punto central.
co, tlan Lugar.
<#%#6'%#5[<#%#6'2'%VKGPGPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAUKIPKHKECFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
C'NOKUOQ%GTTQFGN<CECVG
D&KUVKPVQ.WICTRTQFWEVQTFG\CECVG[EGTTQFQPFGUGFCGN\CECVGTGURGEVKXCOGPVG
E%QPVTCTKQ'UECUG\FG\CECVG[%GTTQCDWPFCPVGGP\CECVGTGURGEVKXCOGPVG
F2CTGEKFQ.WICTFGN\CECVG[%GTTQFGN<CECVGTGURGEVKXCOGPVG
38
‹%W¶NFGNCUUKIWKGPVGURCNCDTCUUKIPKHKECLUGAR ABUNDANTE DE FLORES!
C+ZVNKZQEJKVN
D5WEJKVN¶P E:QEJKSWGV\CN
F5WEJKCVG
ATLALTEPETLUKIPKHKEC
C%GTTQFGNCU%CÌCU
D%GTTQFGN2CP E#IWCSWGGOCPCFGNEGTTQF%GTTQFGN#IWC
LUGAR EN EL CENTRO DEL UNIVERSOGUGNUKIPKHKECFQOGVCHÎTKEQFGNCRCNCDTC
C%KVNCNVGRGVN
D/ÃZKEQ E:KVNCNVGRGVN
F:KVNGVKVN¶P
/GVCHÎTKECOGPVGREFUGIO DE AGUILASUGGZRTGUCTÈCEQPNCRCNCDTC
C%WCWJVÃOQE
D%WCWVNC E%WCWVKVN¶P F%WJKVN¶JWCE
CUAUTEPEC JCEGCNWUKÎPC
C'NNWICTFQPFGGN¶IWKNCJCEGUWPKFQ D'N¶IWKNCFGXQTCPFQCNCUGTRKGPVG
E'N¶IWKNCSWGECG F'NEGTTQFGN#IWKNC
/GVCHÎTKECOGPVGNCRCNCDTCMICHOACANDKGPRWGFGGPVGPFGTUGEQOQ
C2GUECCDWPFCPVG[RTQXGEJQUC D.WICTFQPFGUGKPFWUVTKCNK\CGNRGUECFQ
E4GIKÎPGPSWGNCRGUECGUDWGPC
F4GHWIKQFGCRCTGCOKGPVQFGRGEGU
‹3WÃUKIPKHKECGVKOQNÎIKECOGPVGNCRCNCDTC/':+%1!
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
‹%QPSWÃRCNCDTCUGCNWFKTÈCCWP.7)#4#$70&#06''0#4$1.'5!
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5KOGVCHÎTKECOGPVGFKLÃTCOQU6+'44##4+&#;5'%#DKGPRQFTÈCOQUWUCTNCRCNCDTC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
‹3WÃUKIPKHKECGNXQECDNQ2#2#.1#2#0!
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%'441&'.#'564'..#UGFKEG
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
39
'5%4+$''0'.2#4œ06'5+5.#.'64#&'.+0%+51%10.#4'527'56#%144'%6#
5KUVGOCFGUKIPQUFGUCTTQNNCFQRQTNQUUGTGUJWOCPQUCVTCXÃUFGUWUÎTICPQUPCVWTCNGUFGHQPCEKÎP
C'VKOQNQIÈC
D.GPIWC E%KTEWNCT F#NHCDGVQ
‹3WÃETKVGTKQUJCPGUVCDNGEKFQNQUNKPI×KUVCURCTCCITWRCTNCUFKUVKPVCUNGPIWCUFGNOWPFQ!
C*KUVÎTKEQIGQIT¶HKEQ[QTVQFQZQ
D.KVGTCTKQEQNQSWKCNIGPGCNÎIKEQ[
OQTHQNÎIKEQ
E)GPGCNÎIKEQETÈVKEQ[IGQNÎIKEQ
F/QTHQNÎIKEQIGQIT¶HKEQÃVPKEQ[IGPGCNÎIKEQ
'UVCENCUKHKECEKÎPCITWRCCNCUNGPIWCUFGTKXCFCUFGQVTCNNCOCFCNGPIWCOCFTG
C/QTHQNÎIKEC
D(COKNKCNKPI×ÈUVKECE)GPGCNÎIKEC
F)TCOCVKECN
%TKVGTKQSWGGUVWFKCNCUNGPIWCUUGIÕPGNNWICTFQPFGÃUVCUUGJCDNCTQPQUGJCDNCPCEVWCNOGPVG
C)GPGCNÎIKEQ
D)GQIT¶HKEQ
E/QTHQNÎIKEQ
FœVPKEQ
%TKVGTKQSWGCPCNK\CNCUNGPIWCUFGRGPFKGPFQFGNCUTC\CUSWGNCUJCDNCPQJCDNCTQP
CœVPKEQ
D)GPGCNÎIKEQ
E)GQIT¶HKEQ
F/QTHQNÎIKEQ
‹3WÃHCOKNKCNKPI×ÈUVKECUGÌCNCNQUQTÈIGPGUFGNGURCÌQN!
C+PFQGWTQRGC
D5GOÈVKEC E%COÈVKEC F#OGTKECPC
7PC.GPIWC4QOCPEGUGFGHKPGEQOQCSWGNNCSWGŗ
CŗFGTKXCFGNNCVÈPXWNICT DŗFGTKXCFGNNCVÈPEWNVQ
EŗHQTOÎCNNCVÈP FŗUGWUCRCTCGPCOQTCTCNCUOWLGTGU
‹3WÃGUGNNCVÈPXWNICT!
C'NSWGUGOG\ENÎEQPNGPIWCUKPFQGWTQRGCUD'NSWGWVKNK\CDCPNQUJCDKVCPVGUFGNQUUWDWTDKQU
F'NSWGUGJCDNCDCGPHQTOCEQNQSWKCN
E'NSWGGORNGCDCPNCURGTUQPCUUKPGFWECEKÎP
‹%W¶NGUUQPNQUCEEKFGPVGUITCOCVKECNGUFGNQUUWUVCPVKXQUITKGIQU[NCVKPQU!
C)ÃPGTQ[PÕOGTQ
D%CVGIQTÈC[EQPLWICEKÎP
E%CUQIÃPGTQ[PÕOGTQ F&GENKPCEKÎP[ECUQ
‹3WÃUQPNCUFGENKPCEKQPGU!
C)TWRQUFGVGTOKPCEKQPGUCRNKECDNGUCPQODTGUSWGVKGPGPECTCEVGTÈUVKECUEQOWPGU
D)TWRQUFGXQECDNQUSWGFGTKXCPFGWPCHCOKNKCFGRCNCDTCU
E5QPNKUVCUFGRCNCDTCU
F4GRTQFWEEKÎPQTCN[QGUETKVCFGNQUECUQUPQOKPCVKXQ[IGPKVKXQUKPIWNCT
‹3WÃGZRTGUCPNQUECUQU!
C.CHWPEKÎPITCOCVKECN
QUKPV¶EVKECSWGRWGFGFGUGORGÌCTWPCRCNCDTCFGPVTQFGNCQTCEKÎP
D.CFGUKPGPEKCSWGEQTTGURQPFGCECFCITWRQFGRCNCDTCURTQXGPKGPVGUFGWPVTQPEQEQOÕP
40
E.CURQUKDKNKFCFGUFGECODKQFGECVGIQTÈCITCOCVKECNFGWPCRCNCDTC
F.QUCEEKFGPVGUITCOCVKECNGUFGECFCRCNCDTC
‹3WÃQREKÎPEQPVKGPGNCUGEWGPEKCEQTTGEVCFGNCUFGENKPCEKQPGUEQPHQTOGCNQTFGPFGNCU
UKIWKGPVGU
FGUKPGPEKCUFGIGPKVKXQWUKCGKUGK!
Cmmmmm
Dmmmmm
Emmmmm
Fmm
mmm
‹#SWÃHWPEKÎPITCOCVKECNEQTTGURQPFGPNQUUKIWKGPVGUECUQU0QOKPCVKXQ#EWUCVKXQ#DNCVKXQ!
C%QORNGOGPVQEKTEWPUVCPEKCNXQECVKXQRTGFKECFQ
D5WLGVQEQORNGOGPVQFKTGEVQEQORNGOGPVQEKTEWPUVCPEKCN
E5WLGVQEQORNGOGPVQKPFKTGEVQEQORNGOGPVQCIGPVG
F%QORNGOGPVQCFPQOKPCNEQORNGOGPVQEKTEWPUVCPEKCNEQORNGOGPVQCIGPVG
#NCWPKÎPGZVGTPCFGFQURCNCDTCUFKUVKPVCUSWGUKIWGPEQPUGTXCPFQUWUKIPKHKECFQUGNGEQPQEG
EQOQ
C;WZVCRQUKEKÎP D&GTKXCEKÎP
E5KORNGU F2CTCUÈPVGUKU
5QPNGPIWCUGPNCUSWGPQGURQUKDNGFKUVKPIWKTCKUNCFCOGPVGEW¶PFQWPCRCNCDTCGUUWUVCPVKXQ
CFLGVKXQQXGTDQUKPQRQTNCRQUKEKÎPSWGQEWRCPFGPVTQFGWPCHTCUGŗ
C.GPIWCUCOGTKECPCUD.GPIWCUFGHNGZKÎPE.GPIWCUCINWVKPCPVGUF.GPIWCUOQPQUKN¶DKECU
5QPNQUECODKQUFGUQPKFQSWGNNGICPCUWHTKTNCURCNCDTCU
C5GO¶PVKEQU
D/QTHQNÎIKEQU E(QPÃVKEQU F/GVCHÎTKEQU
'PNCRCTVGEGPVTCNFGNCTGRÕDNKECOGZKECPCUGGUEWEJCUniversidá GPNWICTFGuniversidadŗ‹3WÃ
VKRQ
FGECODKQJCUWHTKFQNCRCNCDTC!
C5GO¶PVKEQU
D/QTHQNÎIKEQU
E(QPÃVKEQU F/GVCHÎTKEQU
2CNCDTCUSWGGPVTCTQPCNGURCÌQNEWCPFQ[CGUVCDCHQTOCFQ[EQPUVKVWKFQEQOQNGPIWCUWHTKGTQP
OQFKHKECEKQPGURGTQUQNQRCTCCFCRVCTUGCNCRTQPWPEKCEKÎPœUVCUUQPOW[ECTCEVGTÈUVKECUFGNC
EKGPEKC
[NCVGEPQNQIÈC
C2CNCDTCUEWNVCU D2CNCDTCURQRWNCTGUE0GQNQIKUOQU F6GEPKEKUOQU
)CNNQICNNGTQCICNNCUICNNKPGTQICNNCTFÈC
4GEKENCTGPEKENQRGFKCDKEKENGVC%ÈENQRG
#PVKIWQCPVKI×GFCFCPVKEWCTKQCPVKSWÈUKOQ
Buñuelos------biñuelos
Nadie--------------naiden
Perinola-------pirinola
Recalendarización de fechas
LUGAR EN EL CENTRO DEL UNIVERSOGUGNUKIPKHKECFQOGVCHÎTKEQFGNCRCNCDTC
C%KVNCNVGRGVN
D/ÃZKEQ E:KVNCNVGRGVN
F:KVNGVKVN¶P
CUAUTEPEC JCEGCNWUKÎPC
C%GTTQFQPFGGN¶IWKNCJCEGUWPKFQ D'N¶IWKNCFGXQTCPFQCNCUGTRKGPVG
E'N¶IWKNCSWGECG F#IWKNCGPUWPKFQ
7PXQECDNQFGTKXCFQFGNRQTVWIWÃU
EQOQECEJKODCQECEJKXCEJGTGEKDGGNPQODTGFGŗ
C2QTVWIWGUKUOQ D.WUKVCPKUOQ
E'URCÌQNKUOQ
F+DGTKEKUOQ
.CURCNCDTCUCOLIBRÍ, GUAYABA, HAMACA, BRÚJULA, HURACÁN, TABACO Y
TIBURÓN proceden de las Antillas, excepto…
C6KDWTÎP D$TÕLWNC E)WC[CDC F%QNKDTÈ
BILLAR, GARAGE, BUFETE, ALHAJA y JARDÍN RTQEGFGPFGNHTCPEÃUGZEGRVQŗ
C)CTCIG D,CTFÈP
E$KNNCT
F#NJCLC
‹%W¶NFGNCUUKIWKGPVGURCNCDTCUGUWP#0).+%+5/1!
C%JGSWG D%WCT\Q E5CDNG
F6CODQT
ALBAÑIL, ALMENDRA, ALCOBA, KINDER, y ALFALFA UQPFGQTKIGP¶TCDGOGPQUŗ
C#NOGPFTC
D#NEQDC E-KPFGT F#NHCNHC
4GNCEKQPCNCUEQNWOPCUFGCEWGTFQCNQTKIGPFGNCURCNCDTCUFGNCK\SWKGTFCŗRQUVGTKQTOGPVG
UGNGEEKQPC
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%CPEJC ##TCDKUOQ
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41
42
UNIDAD III: COMPOSICIÓN Y DERIVACIÓN ESPAÑOLAS CON ELEMENTOS
GRIEGOS
OBJETIVO DE LA UNIDAD:
1. Formar palabras españolas compuestas con las diversas categorías gramaticales griegas.
2. Formar palabras españolas derivadas con sufijos griegos.
3. Analizar y, eventualmente, elaborar neologismos y tecnicismos, humanísticos y científicos, de
origen griego.
ACTIVIDADES:
#ITGICNQUGNGOGPVQUHCNVCPVGUCNQUUKIWKGPVGUNGZGOCURCTCHQTOCTRCNCDTCUEQORWGUVCUQFGTKXCFCU
UGIÕPUGCGNECUQ
PALABRAS COMPUESTAS
AAAAAAUKNNAAAAAA
AAAAAAAARWPVCU
AAAAAAAAEJCTEQU
AAAAAAAANCTKPIAAAAA
0G\CAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAACVN¶PVKEQ
AAAAAAAAFWEAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAXKUAAAAAA
AAAAAAARKPVAAAAAA
PALABRAS DERIVADAS
UKNNAAAAAA
ECPVAAAAAA
ICNNAAAAAA
EWDAAAAAA
ECFCXGTAAAAAAA
NGEVAAAAAA
DCKNCAAAAAAA
XKUAAAAAAAA
RKPVAAAAAAA
43
'UVCDNGEGNCFKHGTGPEKCGPVTGWPCRCNCDTCEQORWGUVC[WPCFGTKXCFC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORNGVCNQUEWCFTQUCITGICPFQNCKPHQTOCEKÎPPGEGUCTKCTGHGTGPVGCECFCWPCFGNCUECVGIQTÈCU
ITCOCVKECNGU
CATEGORÍAS GRAMATICALES VARIABLES
CATEGORÍAS GRAMATICALES
INVARIABLES
CATEGORÍA
ACCIDENTES O CAMBIOS GRAMATICALES
QUE LE SON PROPIOS
)ÃPGTQ[PÕOGTQ
)ÃPGTQ PÕOGTQ ITCFQ CWOGPVCVKXQ
FKOKPWVKXQFGURGEVKXQGVE
#TVÈEWNQ
8GTDQ
2GTUQPCPÕOGTQIÃPGTQFGENKPCEKÎP
Nunca sufren ningún cambio
o accidente gramatical
CATEGORÍAS GRAMATICALES
INVARIABLES
Nunca sufren ningún cambio
o accidente gramatical
5QODTGCEQPEQNQTGUFKUVKPVQUNQUUWUVCPVKXQU
COCTKNNQRTGRQUKEKQPGU
XGTFGQUEWTQEQPLWPEKQPGU
C\WN
XGTDQU
TQLQCFXGTDKQU
PCTCPLCRTQPQODTGU
ECHÃCFLGVKXQU
ITKUKPVGTLGEEKQPGU
XGTFGENCTQ
[CTVÈEWNQU
OQTCFQFGNCUUKIWKGPVGUHTCUGU
#[GTWPCITCPCNGITÈC[GPVWUKCUOQECWUÎCNQUCUKUVGPVGUNCNNGICFC
VCPGURGTCFCFGUWCTVKUVCHCXQTKVQ
6ÕNQVW[Q[[QNQOÈQb‹GJ!
44
b%CTCLQ %QOQ UKGORTG NNGICUVG VCTFG QVTC XG\ [ PQU GEJCUVG C
RGTFGTGNGXGPVQŗRGTQGUVCXG\PQVGNQXCOQUCRGTFQPCTŗbGUV¶U
FGURGFKFQ
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'UETKDGGPGNEWCFTQNCUVGTOKPCEKQPGU EQTTGURQPFKGPVGUCNPQOKPCVKXQ[IGPKVKXQFGNCU
FGENKPCEKQPGU ITKGICU FG NC OKUOC OCPGTC CITGIC FKEJCU VGTOKPCEKQPGU C NQU NGZGOCU SWG UG VG
RTQRQTEKQPCP RCTC HQTOCT RCNCDTCU [ GUETKDG NC HQTOC UKPVGVK\CFC GP SWG ÃUVCU CRCTGEGTÈCP GP WP
FKEEKQPCTKQ
Casos
1ª DECLINACIÓN
2ª DECLINACIÓN
AAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAA
NOMINATIVO
GENITIVO
AAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAA
3ª DECLINACIÓN
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Ejemplos
Nom.
ϑΗµεςρ ____
Κεϕαλ __ς__
∆ηµ ____
ϕΟστε ____
×Υδωρ
Gen.
ϑΗµεςρ ____
Κεϕαλ __ς__
∆ηςµ ____
ϕΟστε ____
×Υδατ ____
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Forma sintetizada
de los ejemplos
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Ποςλις
Ποςλε ____
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
#PCNK\CNQUUKIWKGPVGUXQECDNQUITKGIQU[GUVCDNGEGNCFKHGTGPEKCSWGJC[GPVTGNCHQTOCFGGPWPEKCT
WPUWUVCPVKXQ[WPCFLGVKXQ
SUSTANTIVOS
0QOKPCVKXQ
'UVÎOCIQ
)GPKVKXQγγαστροςς
ADJETIVOS
γαστηςρ /CUEWNKPQ(GOGPKPQ0GWVTQ
0QOKPCVKXQ Μεςλας
0GITQ
Μελαιςνα
Μεςλαν 0QOKPCVKXQν
νευρον 0GTXKQ
)GPKVKXQν
νευςρου
45
/CUEWNKPQ(GOGPKPQ0GWVTQ
0QOKPCVKXQ Ψευδοςς
Ψευδης
Ψευδοςν
(CNUQ
0QOKPCVKXQ
ϕυςσις /CUEWNKPQ(GOGPKPQ0GWVTQ
0CVWTCNG\C
)GPKVKXQϕ
ϕυςσεως
0QOKPCVKXQ Μικροςς
Μικρας
Μικροςν 0GITQ
.QUUWUVCPVKXQUITKGIQUUGGPWPEKCPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'PVCPVQSWGNQUCFLGVKXQUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GVGTOKPCFGNCUKIWKGPVGNKUVCFGXQECDNQUITKGIQUEW¶NGUUQPUWUVCPVKXQU[EW¶NGUUQPCFLGVKXQU
RQUVGTKQTOGPVGGUETKDGUWUKIPKHKECFQ
¿SUSTANTIVO O ADJETIVO?
SIGNIFICADO
• Γαςµος, γαςµου
______________
_______________
• Ταχυςς, ταχειςα, ταχυς
______________
_______________
•
ϕςΕριτρος, εϕςριτρα, εϕςριτρον
•
ϕΙχϑυςς, ϕιχϑυςος
• Πολλυςς, πολλας, πολλυς
______________
______________
_______________
______________
_______________
• Νεκροςς, νεκρου
______________
_______________
• Μοςνος, µοςνη, µοςνον
______________
_______________
• Θηςκη, ϑηςκης
______________
_______________
• Πας, παςσσα, παςν
______________
• Ανηςρ, ανδροςς
______________
'UETKDGGPECFCNÈPGCNQSWGUGVGUQNKEKVCFGECFCXQECDNQITKGIQ
_______________
_______________
_______________
DECLINACION
SIGNIFICADO
DERIVADO
46
Αι|µα, αι×µατος
__________
______________
________________
∆αςκτυλος, −ου
__________
______________
________________
Κεϕαλης, ης
__________
______________
________________
Ποςλις, −λεως
__________
______________
________________
Παις, παιδοςς
__________
Πτεςρον, −ου
__________
______________
______________
________________
________________
Χειρ, χειροςς
__________
______________
________________
5WDTC[CNCRCTVGFGNCRCNCDTCECUVGNNCPCSWGEQTTGURQPFCCWPRTQPQODTGFGQTKIGPITKGIQ
&GNUKITGEWCFTQFGVGTOKPCSWÃRTQPQODTGITKGIQEQTTGURQPFGGPECFCNÈPGC[
GUETÈDGNQLWPVQEQPUWUKIPKHKECFQ2QTÕNVKOQJC\WPCFGHKPKEKÎPRGTUQPCNFGECFCRCNCDTCECUVGNNCPC
ε×τερος&KHGTGPVG
αυϕτοςς2QTUÈ
ιϕςσος+IWCN
OKUOQ
οϑµοιςος/KUOQ
C
αϕςλλος1VTQ
VOCABLO GRIEGO
#WVÎPQOQ
#NQRCVÈC
DEFINICIÓN
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
*GVGTQUGZWCN AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
*QOGQRCVÈC AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+UÎVQRQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+FGPVKHKECGPECFCWPCFGNCURCNCDTCUECUVGNNCPCUGNTCFKECNSWGRTQXGPICFGCNIWPQFGNQUXGTDQU
ITKGIQUFGNCNKUVCUWDT¶[CNQ
[EQPDCUGGPGNNQTGNCEKQPCNCUEQNWOPCU
QDXKCOGPVGNCUNGVTCUUG
TGRKVGPXCTKCUXGEGU
TQLQ
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.NGXCT
%CNKITCHÈC
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$KQITCHÈC
EΣκοπεςω
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G∆ιςδωµι
&QUKU
HΦηµις
5ÈPVGUKU
I ×Ισϑηµι
&QVCEKÎP
JΓραςϕω
6GNGUEQRKQ
/KETQUEQRKQ
47
8GT
2TQHGVC
2GTKHÃTKEQ
4KPQRNCUVKC
2TQVQRNCUOC
2QPGT
&CT
&GEKT
'UVCT
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ITKGIQURCTCQDVGPGTNCRCNCDTCSWGEQTTGURQPFCCNEQPEGRVQOGPEKQPCFQ
'UETKDKT
+FGCFGNEQORWGUVQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
________ + ________
AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Ρινοςς
+
AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
7PKTNQUGNGOGPVQU
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6TCPUNCEKÎPCNNCVÈP AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GHKPKEKÎPTGCN
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Ποςλις
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+ Σεληνης
ϕςΑλγος
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&QNQTFGNCPCTK\
AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
48
‹'PSWÃFKHKGTGWPEQORWGUVQUKPV¶EVKEQFGQVTQCUKPV¶EVKEQ!/GPEKQPCWPGLGORNQFGECFCWPQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QPNCC[WFCFGNXQECDWNCTKQFGVWNKDTQFGVGZVQ
R¶IQFGNC+FGPVKHKECNQU
GNGOGPVQUITKGIQUSWGEQPHQTOCPCECFCWPCFGNCUUKIWKGPVGURCNCDTCUGURCÌQNCU[FGUCTTQNNC
NQSWGGPECFCNÈPGCUGVGUQNKEKVC
œZQFQ
2TGRQUKEKÎP
AAAAAAAAAA uGNGOGPVQ
&GHKPKEKÎP
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'ZRTGUCNCKFGCFG
5KIPKHKEC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
#PHKDKQ
2TGRQUKEKÎP
AAAAAAAAAA uGNGOGPVQ
&GHKPKEKÎP
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'ZRTGUCNCKFGCFG
5KIPKHKEC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
49
#PVÈFQVQ
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uGNGOGPVQ
&GHKPKEKÎP
#RÎETKHQ
2TGRQUKEKÎP
AAAAAAAAAA uGNGOGPVQ
&GHKPKEKÎP
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'ZRTGUCNCKFGCFG
5KIPKHKEC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'ZRTGUCNCKFGCFG
5KIPKHKEC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'RKFGOKC
2TGRQUKEKÎPAAAAAAAAAA uGNGOGPVQ
&GHKPKEKÎP
uGNGOGPVQ
&GHKPKEKÎP
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
uGNGOGPVQ
&GHKPKEKÎP
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'ZRTGUCNCKFGCFG
5KIPKHKEC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%CV¶UVTQHG
2TGRQUKEKÎPAAAAAAAAAA 5KIPKHKEC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
*KRQVGPWUC
2TGRQUKEKÎPAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'ZRTGUCNCKFGCFG
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'ZRTGUCNCKFGCFG
5KIPKHKEC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/GVCHÈUKEC
2TGRQUKEKÎPAAAAAAAAAA uGNGOGPVQ
&GHKPKEKÎP
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'ZRTGUCNCKFGCFG
5KIPKHKEC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
2CT¶UKVQ
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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
50
%QORNGVCGNUKIWKGPVGEWCFTQTGHGTGPVGCNQUCFXGTDKQU[RCTVÈEWNCUKPUGRCTCDNGUITKGICU
PARTÍCULA GRIEGA
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
τηλε
ανω
α
SIGNIFICA
FORMA PARTE DE LAS PALABRAS
'PFQFQPEKC[AAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAA[AAAAAAAAAAAAA
'UQVÃTKEQ[AAAAAAAAAAAAA
$WGPQDKGP
AAAAAAAAA[AAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAA[AAAAAAAAAAAAA
(WGTC
AAAAAAAAA[AAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAA[AAAAAAAAAAAAA
/KVCF
AAAAAAAAA[AAAAAAAAAAAAA
&KUNGZKC[AAAAAAAAAAAAA
98. ;=1 prefijo hetero: otro, distinto, diferente forma el siguiente compuesto que significa: de diferente género: a). Heterodáctilo
b). Heteronomo
e). Heterópodo
d). Heterogéneo
e). Heteromorfo
100. La pseudodesinencia lita se' refiere a piedra. Identifica la palabra que signifique: piedra del aire. a). Monolito
b). Megalito
e). Litiasis
d). Aerolito
e). Miguelito
'UETKDGGPECFCTGEWCFTQCNIWPCRCNCDTCECUVGNNCPCSWGUGHQTOGCRCTVKTFGNXQECDNQITKGIQSWGUG
OGPEKQPCO¶UGNUWHKLQ
VCODKÃPITKGIQSWGCRCTGEGGPECFCGPECDG\CFQ
−ιικη
−ιισµος
−ιιτης
−ιιτις
−µ
µα
−σ
σις
−ττηριον /
−εειον / −ω
ων
51
4GNCEKÎP
&QEVTKPC
+PHNCOCEKÎP
'HGEVQ
#EEKÎP
.WICT
Πυρ
γαστερ
σαρξ
λιϑος
ωδη
UKUVGOC
EQPŗ
αισϑησις
2KGFTC
ηδονη
52
53
8QZRQRWNiXQZ&Gi
7TDiGVQTDi
%WTTÈEWNWO8KVCG
'ZRTQHGUo
20H.- ( ) Los prefijos latinos que forman las palabras convertir, ultrasónico, póstumo, significan…
29M.- (
a) Intensidad, debajo, sobre
b) Al otro lado de…, aumento, delante de…
b) Reunión, más allá de…, después
d) Cambio, duración, entre
) En los cambios Auru > oro, Paucu > poco, Pausare > posar, se realizó una :
a) Caída de vocal protónica
c) Diptongación de una vocal
b) Simplificación de un diptongo
d) Intercambio de vocales
HCNVC
HCNVC
‹%W¶PVCUFGENKPCEKQPGUITKGICUJC[!
#ITGICTGLGTEKEKQKPVGITCFQTRTGHKLQUWHKLQKPHKLQTCÈ\
CDEFG
5GTGHKGTGCNPWOGTCNNCVKPQVTGUVTÈCWPKFQbNCRCNCDTCFKGPVC6KK¶PIWNQ
D6TKEQQT
ej. 6TKFGPVG
F6TKOGUVTG
54
G6TKNKPI1G
.QUCFLGVKXQUPWOGTCNGUNCVKPQUKPFKECPŌEQOQGPGURCÌQNŌECPVKFCF[QTFGP[UGFKXKFGPGP
#ITGICTGLGTEKEKQ
C &KUVTKDWVKXQU[PCVWTCNGU
D1TFKPCNGU[ECTFKPCNGU
E'PVGTQU[FGEKOCNGU
F2CTVKVKXQU[UGEWPFCTKQU
4GNCEKQPCNCUEQNWOPCUFGCEWGTFQCNPWOGTCNITKGIQSWGGZRTGUCPNCURCNCDTCUFGNC
K\SWKGTFCŗRQUVGTKQTOGPVGUGNGEEKQPCNCQREKÎPSWGEQPVGPICNCEQODKPCEKÎPEQTTGEVC
-KNÎOGVTQ
#
+EQUCGFTQ
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*
55
Di a qué declinación pertenecen las siguientes palabras latinas, y forma con cada una un derivado en español
10 puntos
DECLINACION
Ignis, ignis (fuego) _____
Domus, -us (Casa)
DERIVADO
____________________
_____
Mos, moris (Costumbre) _____
____________________
___________________
Femina, -ae (Mujer)
_____
____________________
Anima, -ae (Alma)
_____
____________________
DECLINACION
Os, oris (Boca)
Opus, operis (Obra)
_______
DERIVADO
____________________
_______
____________________
Fides, -ei (Fe)
_______
____________________
Gelu, -us (Hielo)
_______
____________________
Ager, agri (Campo) _______
____________________
Menciona el significado de las siguientes palabras, atendiendo a sus componentes griegos
10 puntos
1. Discromía
(;;;;; = color)
___________________________________________
2. Eucaristía
(;;;;; = gracia)
3. Exogamia
(;;;;; = matrimonio) ___________________________________________
4. Ánfora
(;;;; = llevar)
5. Antinomia
(;;;;; = ley)
6. Diéresis
(;;;;;;; = dividir) ___________________________________________
7. Encéfalo
(;;;;;; = cabeza)
___________________________________________
8. Catabolismo
(;;;;; = lanzar)
___________________________________________
9. Parábola
(;;;;; = lanzar)
___________________________________________
I0.Profeta
(;;;; = decir)
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
A partir de vocablos griegos, forma la palabra en español
10 puntos
1. Pequeño + isla (;;;;;)
_________________
6. Cien + buey (;;;;)
_________________
2. Sin + calor (;;;;;;)
_________________
7. Cinco + cara (;;;;)
_________________
3. Uno + poder (;;;;) _________________
4. Amigo + canto (;;;;;)
_________________
5. Once + sílaba (;;;;;;;)_________________
8. Uno + poder (;;;;)
_________________
9. Ocho + ángulo (;;;;;) _________________
10. Mucho + sonido (;;;;)_________________
4GNCEKQPCNCUEQNWOPCUFGCEWGTFQCNPWOGTCNNCVKPQSWGGZRTGUCPNCURCNCDTCUFGNCK\SWKGTFCŗ
RQUVGTKQTOGPVGUGNGEEKQPCNCQREKÎPSWGEQPVGPICNCEQODKPCEKÎPEQTTGEVC
/KNKOÃVTKEQ
#
8KIÃUKOQ
$
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%
&GEKOCN &
7PKXGTUQ
'
5GRVKGODTG
(
%GPVCXQ )
&WGVQ
*
C'%(*D*)%'
E*(%'F*$%'
#$&)
#$&(
#&)$#&(
)
Romancea las siguientes palabras latinas, explicando –letra por letra– y con sus nombres correctos los múltiples cambios que presenten en su
evolución al español
(Valor: 2 aciertos cada palabra / con 3 errores todo está mal)
10 puntos
13.- (
) No existen reglas precisas para determinar la evolución de las palabras de una lengua, pero de manera
general podemos considerar que ésta se da....
a) Por el deseo del hablante de ampliar su vocabulario.
b) Debido a la constante invasión lingüística que sufre una lengua, por parte de otras.
c) Por la pereza de la lengua y para que las palabras se oigan mejor.
d) Como una reacción contra las reglas gramaticales establecidas por los estudiosos del tema.
17.- (
) ¿Cuántas declinaciones latinas subsistieron?
a) 5
18.- (
d) 1
b) Acusativo y ablativo
c) Sólo el nominativo.
d) Sólo el acusativo.
) ¿Qué consonantes finales suelen conservarse en una palabra latina, al pasar al español?
a) S,N,D y líquidas
20.- (
c) 2
) ¿Qué casos se siguieron usando, expresando los complementos mediante preposiciones?
a) Nominativo y acusativo
19.- (
b) 4
b) T, D, M, N, S.
) ¿En qué consiste el fenómeno YOD?
c) S,N,T,X,B
d) Sólo las líquidas.
#ITGICTGLGTEKEKQKPVGITCFQT
a) En suprimir vocales y/o consonantes para integrar sonidos nuevos que no existían anteriormente en la fonética latina.
b) En inventar sonidos nuevos que no existían en la fonética latina.
c) En el choque de consonantes y/o vocales que originó nuevos sonidos que no existían en la fonética latina.
d) En asimilar sonidos de otras lenguas, que no existían en la fonética latina.
Marca con una “X” a 10 palabras que en su evolución al español
hayan presentado YOD
10 puntos
__ Actuare
__ Amnesiam
__ Nuntiare
__ Oculum
__ Lecturam
__ Amnistiam
__ Facturam
__ Multum
__ Radium
__ Regnum
__ Somnum
__ Sella
__ Capitiam
__ Cognatum
__ Dominum
__ Exercitum
__ Iurem
__ Flamma
__ Clavem
__ Extra
+FGPVKHKECGN
QNQUHGPÎOGPQ
UHQPÃVKEQ
USWGUWHTKGTQPNQUUKIPQODTGURTQRKQURCTCFCTRCUQCUW
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+IPCEKQ 0CEJQ
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/CPWGN /CPQNQ
#PVQPKQ 6QÌQ
#NDGTVQ $GVQ
6GTGUC 6GTG
#TCEGN[ #TC
1TNCPFQ 4QNCPFQ
#NKEKC .KEJC
5CNXCFQT %JCXC
'TPGUVQ 0GVQ
)TCEKGNC %JGNC
'PNCUUKIHQTOCUHCOKNKCTGUFGPQODTGURTQRKQUQRGTCTQPCNIWPQUFGNQUHGPÎOGPQUHQPÃVKEQUFGN
TQOCPEGCOKGPVQGZEGRVQŗ
C8GTQ
D)Q[Q
E2GRG
F$GVQ
UNIDAD IV: COMPOSICIÓN Y DERIVACIÓN ESPAÑOLAS CON ELEMENTOS
LATINOS
OBJETIVO DE LA UNIDAD:
1. Formar palabras españolas compuestas con las diferentes categorías gramaticales latinas.
2. Formar palabras españolas derivadas con sufijos latinos.
3. Analizar y, eventualmente, elaborar neologismos y tecnicismos, humanísticos y científicos, de
origen latino.
TEMARIO:
1. Abecedario latino. Clasificación de vocales, diptongos y consonantes.
2. Enunciado de sustantivos y adjetivos latinos. Formación de acusativos.
3. Compuestos en español con sustantivos, adjetivos, pronombres, verbos, adverbios,
preposiciones y partículas inseparables (prefijos latinos).
4. Formación de híbridos.
5. Derivados españoles de origen latino con sustantivos, adjetivos (sufijos latinos).
6. Adjetivos latinos: enunciado, comparativos y superlativos; analíticos y sintéticos.
7. Pronombres latinos; evolución fonético-morfológica. El artículo español.
8. El verbo latino; evolución fonético-morfológica.
En esta unidad se explicará el enunciado de sustantivos y adjetivos, así como su importancia para
la formación de palabras compuestas y derivadas españolas.
Se analizarán palabras compuestas del español de origen latino. Se explicará la presencia latina,
así como la presencias griega o de cualquier otro origen en los híbridos españoles. Asimismo se
verá la derivación española con los sufijos latinos más importantes.
Se caracterizará el pronombre español a partir del pronombre latino. Se comentará el pronombre
demostrativo como origen del artículo español.
ACTIVIDADES:
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5QPQTCAAAAAA5QTFCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA5QPQTC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA(TKECVKXCAAAAAA&GPVCNAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAA
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E N D E C A S Í L A B O T A P A D E R A
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RTQRQTEKQPCPRCTCHQTOCTRCNCDTCU[GUETKDGNCHQTOCUKPVGVK\CFCGPSWGÃUVCUCRCTGEGTÈCPGPWPFKEEKQPCTKQ
Casos
1ª DECLINACIÓN
NOMINATIVO
GENITIVO
AAAAA
2ª DECLINACIÓN
AAAAAAAAAAAA
3ª DECLINACIÓN
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
4ª DECLINACIÓN 5ª DECLINACIÓN
AAAAA
AAAAA
AAAAA
Ejemplos
/CEWN ___
Gen.
/CEWN ___
AAAAAAA
AAAAAA
AAAAA
2QRWN__
5QOP__2WGT
.GZ*QUVKU &QOAA
2QRWN__
5QOP__2WGTAA
.GIAA*QUVAA &QOAA
Nom.
Forma
sintetizada
de los ejemplos
AAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAA
AAAAA
(KFAAA
(KFAAA
AAAAAAA
#PCNK\CNQUUKIWKGPVGUXQECDNQUNCVKPQU[GUVCDNGEGNCFKHGTGPEKCSWGJC[GPVTGNCHQTOCFGGPWPEKCT
WPUWUVCPVKXQ[WPCFLGVKXQ
SUSTANTIVOS
0QOKPCVKXQPes
2KG
)GPKVKXQPedis
ADJETIVOS
/CUEWNKPQ(GOGPKPQ0GWVTQ
0QOKPCVKXQ Níger
Negra
Nigrum 0GITQ
0QOKPCVKXQManus /CPQ
)GPKVKXQManus
0QOKPCVKXQFolium *QLC
)GPKVKXQFolii
/CUEWNKPQ(GOGPKPQ0GWVTQ
0QOKPCVKXQAequus
Aequa
Aequum (CNUQ
/CUEWNKPQ(GOGPKPQ0GWVTQ
0QOKPCVKXQ Magnus
Magna
Magnum
)TCPFG
.QUUWUVCPVKXQUNCVKPQUUGGPWPEKCPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'PVCPVQSWGNQUCFLGVKXQUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GVGTOKPCFGNCUKIWKGPVGNKUVCFGXQECDNQUNCVKPQUEW¶NGUUQPUWUVCPVKXQU[EW¶NGUUQPCFLGVKXQU
RQUVGTKQTOGPVGGUETKDGUWUKIPKHKECFQ
• +IPKUKIPKU
• 4WDGTTWDTCTWDTWO
• .CZWUNCZCNCZWO
¿SUSTANTIVO O ADJETIVO?
SIGNIFICADO
______________
_______________
______________
______________
_______________
_______________
• 1UQUUKU
• &GZVGTFGZVTCFGZVTWO
• %CRKNNWUECRKNNK
• 7PWUWPCWPWO
• .KVGTCNKVVGTCG
______________
_______________
______________
_______________
______________
_______________
______________
_______________
• 0QXCUPQXCPQXWO
• #IGTCITK
______________
_______________
______________
_______________
______________
_______________
‹3WÃECTCEVGTK\CCNCVGTOKPCEKÎPFGNQUCEWUCVKXQUNCVKPQU!
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'UETKDGGPNCUNÈPGCUNQSWGUGVGUQNKEKVCFGECFCXQECDNQNCVKPQ
DECLINACION
Sanguis, -inis
Digitus, -i
Caput, capitis
Urbs, urbis
Puer, pueri
Flamma, -ae
Res, rei
ACUSATIVO
SIGNIFICADO
DERIVADO
________
______________
________________
________________
________
______________
________________
________________
________
______________
________________
________________
________
______________
________________
________________
________
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&GHKPGNCUUKIWKGPVGURCNCDTCU[GPEKGTTCGNGNGOGPVQSWGEQTTGURQPFCCWPCFXGTDKQNCVKPQ
+PVTCOWUEWNCT AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
________
______________
________________
________________
+PHTCGUVTWEVWTC AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
2QUVGNGEVQTCN AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5GORKVGTPQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
$GPGRN¶EKVQ
)TCVKHKECPVG
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'PEKGTTCGNGNGOGPVQFGNCURCNCDTCUSWGEQTTGURQPFCCWPRTGRQUKEKÎPNCVKPC[GUETKDGGPNCNÈPGC
NCEQPPQVCEKÎPQKFGCSWGÃUVCGZRTGUCGPECFCECUQ
#DUVGOKQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA +PVGTNQEWVQT AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
#DQTVQ #PVCÌQ %KTEWPUVCPEKC
%QPVTCFGEKT
&GRNQTCT
'ZRWNUCT
'ZVTCXCICPVG
+ORQTVCT
+PJWOCT AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA 1DUVTWKT
2GTGPPG
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
2TGUWRQPGT AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
2TQENKXG
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5WDQTFKPCFQ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5WRGTKQT
6TCFWEKT
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6TCPUETKREKÎPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
7NVTCXKQNGVC AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
82. Obsoleto es una palabra que se refiere a: a). Estar perdonado
b). Pasado de moda
e). Muy grande
d). Absurdo
c). Nada que ver
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KPŌTGŌUGOK
&GUKIPCCWPCTVÈEWNQSWGPQGUPWGXQRGTQSWGVKGPG
RQEQWUQ[GUV¶GPÎRVKOCUEQPFKEKQPGU
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&ÈEGUGFGNCVKPVCSWGPQUGDQTTC
3WGPQCRTWGDCWPITCFQGUEQNCT
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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8QNXGTCGUETKDKTQOCPFCTWPGOCKNAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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PALABRA
HÍBRIDA
AMBOS
ELEMENTOS
ORÍGENES
PRIMER ELEMENTO
PALABRA
SEGUMDO ELEMENTO
SIGNIFICADO
PALABRA
SIGNIFICADO
(QTOCNQUUWRGTNCVKXQUFGNQUUKIWKGPVGUCFLGVKXQU
)TCPFG $CTCVQ
#PVKIWQ 2QDTG
.CTIQ
#ETG
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
%QORNGVCGNEWCFTQGUETKDKGPFQNCURCNCDTCUSWGEQTTGURQPFCPUGIÕPNQUGPECDG\CFQUTGHGTGPVGUC
NQUUWHKLQUFGQTKIGPNCVKPQ
SUFIJOS DE ORIGEN LATINO PARA LA FORMACIÓN DE SUSTANTIVOS
PALABRA PRIMITIVA
#TVG
2TGUKFKT
$QVKEC
.CZCT
%CTRKPVGTÈC
#EVWCT
2TQHGTKT
%QTTGT
SUFIJO DERIVATIVO
PALABRA DERIVADA
IDEA DEL SUFIJO
#EVKXKFCF
1EWRCEKÎP
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VCNNCT
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%QTTGT
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/QXGT
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$QNKXKC
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C+Q D;QF
E'IQ
F'NNQ
6CPVQGNRTQPQODGRGTUQPCNFGm2GTU&GUKPI
ÃNGNNCŌGNNQEQOQGNCTVÈEWNQFGVGTOKPCFQ
GNNCNQRTQEGFGPFGNQURTQPQODTGUNCVKPQUŗ
C ille, illa, illud
Daliquod, aliquem
Emeus, mea, meum Fipse, ipsa, ipsum
.CUUKIWKGPVGUHQTOCUHWGTQPTGUWNVCPFQJKUVÎTKECOGPVGGPNCGXQNWEKÎPFGNCRCNCDTC8QUJCUVC
TGUWNVCT7UVGF
C8WGUCUVGF
D8WGUVTC
E8WGUC/GUVGF F8QUQVTQUG8WGUVGF
'UETKDGNCUNGVTCUSWGUGÌCNCPNCUGEWGPEKCEQTTGEVCFGFKEJCUHQTOCU
Vos ________> ________> Vuestra Merced > _________> _________> _________> Usted
&GFWEGFGNQUXQECDNQUFGNTGEWCFTQNCGSWKXCNGPEKCGURCÌQNCFGECFCWPCFGNCUHQTOCUXGTDCNGU
NCVKPCU2QUVGTKQTOGPVGCRQTVCWPFGTKXCFQGPGURCÌQNRTQXGPKGPVGFGGNNCU
.GCP
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#PCNK\CNQUXGTDQUFGNCUUKIWKGPVGUHTCUGUGUETKDKGPFQGPNCUNÈPGCUNQSWGUGVGUQNKEKVC
3WK\¶TGITGUGCPVGUFGSWGUGRQPICGNUQN
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2GTU0ÕOAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
2GTU0ÕOAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6KGORQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6KGORQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GUGQSWGNNGIWGURTQPVQ
8GTDQ&'5'1 8GTDQ..')7'5
2GTU0ÕOAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
2GTU0ÕOAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6KGORQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6KGORQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
b*WTTCbXCOQUGSWKRQ
8GTDQ8#/15 2GTU0ÕOAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6KGORQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
b5CNKPOGFKCVCOGPVG[PQXWGNXCUPWPEC
8GTDQ5#.
2GTU0ÕOAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6KGORQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5KGPVQSWGOGXQ[CFGUOC[CT
8GTDQ5+'061 2GTU0ÕOAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6KGORQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
8GTDQ87'.8#5
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6KGORQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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2GTU0ÕOAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6KGORQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
/QFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
UNIDAD V: CONSTANTES FUNDAMENTALES DEL ROMANCEAMIENTO
OBJETIVO DE LA UNIDAD:
1. Reconocer los cambios que experimentó la lengua latina en su paso al español.
2. Distinguir entre palabras cultas y populares del español.
3. Usar adecuadamente algunas locuciones y cultismos latinos más comunes.
TEMARIO:
1. Constantes fundamentales del Romanceamiento.
2. Fenómeno YOD.
3. Fenómenos fonéticos especiales.
4. Palabras cultas y populares.
5. Locuciones y abreviaturas latinas más frecuentes.
En esta unidad se analizarán los procesos sincrónicos y diacrónicos por los que pasó el latín hasta
conformar el español. Asimismo se identificarán los principales fenómenos de la evolución morfosintáctico de las palabras latinas. Por último, se reflexionará sobre el uso de locuciones latinas y
cultismos en diferentes áreas del conocimiento.
En esta unidad se explicará el enunciado de sustantivos y adjetivos, así como su importancia para
la formación de palabras compuestas y derivadas españolas.
Se analizarán palabras compuestas del español de origen latino. Se explicará la presencia latina,
así como la presencias griega o de cualquier otro origen en los híbridos españoles. Asimismo se
verá la derivación española con los sufijos latinos más importantes.
Se caracterizará el pronombre español a partir del pronombre latino. Se comentará el pronombre
demostrativo como origen del artículo español.
ACTIVIDADES:
'PNCJKUVQTKCFGNCGXQNWEKÎPFGNGURCÌQN‹#SWÃNGNNCOCOQUő4QOCPEGCOKGPVQŒ!
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5QPQTCAAAAAA5QTFCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA5QPQTC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA(TKECVKXCAAAAAA&GPVCNAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAA
.CDKCN
#PCNK\CECFCWPCFGNCUNGVTCUŌUGIÕPUWRWPVQFGCTVKEWNCEKÎPUQPQTKFCFCEGPVQGVEŌFGNCRCNCDTCU
E N D E C A S Í L A B O VQPC
T A P A D E R A
AAAAAAVQPCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAVQPCAAAAAAAAAAAAVQPC
+PKEKCNAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
2TQVÎPKEC
AAAAAA
%QORNGVCGNUKIWKGPVGGUSWGOCUQDTGNCHQTOCGPSWGGXQNWEKQPCTQPNCUXQECNGU[FKRVQPIQUFGNCU
RCNCDTCUNCVKPCU
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2TÎVGUKU
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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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4GUCNVCQEQNQTGCGPNCURCNCDTCUNCVKPCUGNNWICTGZCEVQGPSWGUGFCECFCECODKQ
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6GODNCTAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5RGEWNWO
%C\CTAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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%NCOCTG
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*QTQNQIKWO
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'URGLQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA &GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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&GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA &GTKXCFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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Periculo 2GNKITQ 'RÃPVGUKU
Stella 'UVTGNNC #RÎEQRG
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Nativitat
0CXKFCF
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Spatha
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Centum
%KGP &KUKOKNCEKÎP
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Pez 2GLG
&GFWEG[GUETKDGGPNCRTKOGTCEQNWOPCNCRCNCDTCKPOGFKCVCSWGFGTKXÎFGECFCXQECDNQNCVKPQŗ
2QUVGTKQTOGPVGEQRKCGPNCUGIWPFCEQNWOPCNCURCNCDTCUFGNTGEWCFTQGPGNNWICTSWGNGUEQTTGURQPFC
;GTDC
*QTOC
/GPWFQ
(TÈQ
'UVTGEJQ
8GPICT
*CUVÈQ
PALABRAS CULTAS
(TKIKFWU
/KPWVWU
(CUVKFKWO
(QTOC *GTDC 4QVWTC
8KPFKECTG
%QPXKEVWU
5VTKEVWU (CEVWTC *GEJWTC
%QPXGPEKFQ
PALABRAS POPULARES
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
4WRVWTC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
$CU¶PFQVGGPGNGLGTEKEKQCPVGTKQTUGÌCNCNCFKHGTGPEKCGPVTGWPCRCNCDTCEWNVC[WPCRQRWNCT
RTQXGPKGPVGUFGNOKUOQXQECDNQNCVKPQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&GECFCEWNVKUOQLWTÈFKEQFGNCFGTGEJCDWUECGNUKPÎPKOQGPVTGNCURCNCDTCUFGNCK\SWKGTFC[ÕPGNQU
EQPWPCNÈPGCFGEQNQTFKHGTGPVGGPECFCECUQŗ2QUVGTKQTOGPVGGNCDQTCWPCHTCUGEQPFKEJQUEWNVKUOQU
CULTISMO
JURÍDICO
8QVQ 2TQVGEEKÎP
6GTTGPQ
5KPVGUVCOGPVQ
/WGTVQ
&GUOGPVKT
7VKNK\CFQT
/WNVC 6TCPUHGTKT
%CLC2ÕDNKEC 4GVGPGT
4GVCTFQ
%CWEKÎP
'TCTKQ
FRASE
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+PVGUVCFQ
7UWHTWEVWCTKQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
&KNCVQTKC
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
'ODCTICT
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5WHTCIKQ
6WVGNC
'PCLGPCT
4GFCTI×KT
2TGFKQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
1EEKUQ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
‹3WÃGUWPCőNQEWEKÎPNCVKPCŒ[EW¶NGUUQPUWURTKPEKRCNGUWUQUGPGNGURCÌQN!
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+PVGTRTGVCECFCWPCFGNCUUKIWKGPVGUNQEWEKQPGUNCVKPCUGKFGPVKHKECGNUWEGUQSWGNCUGLGORNKHKEC
WPKÃPFQNQUEQPWPCNÈPGCFGEQNQT
Ipso facto
*QOGPCLGCTCCNIWKGP[COWGTVQ
In fraganti
Ex profeso Modus vivendi Statu quo
Grosso modo Post mortem
Verbigracia
Post data
INRI Nihil Novum sub Sole ,GUÕUFG0C\CTGVJ4G[FGNQULWFÈQU
#RTGPFGTCNGGT[GUETKDKT
7VKNK\CTNCJGTTCOKGPVCRTGEKUCRCTCWPVTCDCLQ
'ZJKDKTGLGORNQUFGNQSWGUGGUV¶JCDNCPFQ
.NGXCTCECDQEQOKEKQUGNGEVQTCNGU
.GGTNCUKPQRUKUFGWPCRGNÈEWNCQRTQITCOC
5GJCGPTKSWGEKFQXGPFKGPFQRCPVQFCUWXKFC
&KUHTWVCNCXKFC
Non Plus Ultra
*CEGFÃECFCUSWGNCGEQPQOÈCFGNRCÈUGUV¶GUVCPECFC
Carpe Diem
A Posteriori
1DGFGEGTFGKPOGFKCVQ
&GVGEVCTNGWPőCEQTFGÎPŒCWPCNWOPQ
Vox Populi, Vox Dei *CDGTUKFQVTCKEKQPCFQ
%QPENWKTGUVWFKQUFGFQEVQTCFQ
Vivit sub Pectore Vulnus
0QTGEQTFCTFGSWÃUGGUVCDCJCDNCPFQ
Lapsus Brutus 8KXKTFGOCPGTCTWVKPCTKC
#ÌCFKTRGSWGÌQUFCVQUCWPVGZVQ[CHKPCNK\CFQ
'. 5+)7+'06' 64#$#,1 '5 &' 8+6#. +/2146#0%+# 6#061 2#4# '. ':#/'0 %1/1 2#4#
6'4/+0#4&''06'0&'4'.2412¦5+61&''56'%7451&''6+/1.1) #5ŗ
4'#. <#.1'0*1,#5$.#0%#5#0':#5#'56#)7 #
+%QVGLCNQUHTCIOGPVQUNKVGTCTKQUFGNCUR¶IKPCUC[GNCDQTCWPNKUVCFQFGNQUXQECDNQU
EW[QRTQEGUQFGGXQNWEKÎPPQVQTKCOGPVGPQUGJWDKGTCEQORNGVCFQRCTCFCTRCUQCNCURCNCDTCU
SWGWUCOQUCEVWCNOGPVG2QTGLGORNQ
(4#)/'061
.QUVWUansarinos
liévalosCNTÈQbCJG
RGPUCPFQSWGGTCPXCECU
silvava NGUbJG
.+56#&1
Ansarinos#UPQU
Liévalos.NÃXCNQU
Silvava5KNDCDC
#FXKGTVGSWGGPGNNKUVCFQFGXQECDNQUőGPTQOCPEGECUVGNNCPQŒ
FGDGUCITGICTNCRCNCDTCSWGNGEQTTGURQPFGGPNCCEVWCNKFCF
'PGNHTCIOGPVQFGWPdiploma
UKINQ:JC[10XQECDNQUSWGFGDGT¶UGPNKUVCT
UKPEQPVCTNQUPQODTGURTQRKQUPKCRGNNKFQU
&GNCOKUOCOCPGTCGPGNGLGORNQFGWPCglosa
UKINQ:+JC[16
'PGNHTCIOGPVQFGNMio Cid
UKINQ:++JC[RQTNQOGPQU20
'PLa Partida SegundaFG#NHQPUQ:
UKINQ:+++JC[RQTNQOGPQU15
'PGNHTCIOGPVQFGEl Conde Lucanor
UKINQ:+8JC[CNTGFGFQTFG19
'PLibro del Buen Amor
UKINQ:8CRCTGEGP23
'PGNHTCIOGPVQFGEl Lazarillo de Tormes
UKINQ:8+JC[CNTGFGFQTFG13
'PNCParadoxas Médicas
UKINQ:8++CRCTGEGP5EWCPFQOWEJQ
'NCDQTCWPEWCFTQRQTHTCIOGPVQ
4GEWGTFC
0QUGFGDGPTGRGVKTNQUXQECDNQUGPWPOKUOQEWCFTQ
6QOCGPEWGPVCVCODKÃPNQUXQECDNQUFGNQUVÈVWNQU[UWDVÈVWNQU
'U FGEKT CSWGNNCU RCNCDTCU SWG [C EQOKGP\CP C RCTGEGTUG C NCU SWG CEVWCNOGPVG WUCOQU [ SWG CRCTGPVGOGPVG
VKGPGPHCNVCUGQTVQITCHÈCQPQURCTGEKGTCPFGHQTOCFCU
++%QPVGUVCNCUUKIWKGPVGURTGIWPVCUTGHGTGPVGUCNQUHTCIOGPVQU
&KRNQOC
2QTGNEQPVGPKFQFGNHTCIOGPVQ‹3WÃRWGFGUFGFWEKTCEGTECFGNQSWGGTCWPő&KRNQOCŒGPGNU:!
‹3WÃEQPFKEKÎPRQPGUGNGRQPGCWPQFGNQUDGPGHKEKCTKQU!
)NQUC
‹%W¶NGUNCKPVGPEKÎPFGGUVGVGZVQ!
/KQ%KF
‹%ÎOQGUNCCEVKVWFFGNCURGTUQPCUEQPSWGUGGPEWGPVTC4QFTKIQ&KC\FG8KXCT!
.C2CTVKFC5GIWPFC
‹&GSWÃCEVKXKFCFUGJCDNCGPGUVGHTCIOGPVQ[SWÃDGPGHKEKQURTQRQTEKQPC!
El Conde Lucanor
‹3WÃRTGVGPFÈCGNRTQVCIQPKUVCFGGUVGTGNCVQ[EÎOQHWGGUECTOGPVCFQ!
.KDTQFGN$WGP#OQT
‹&GSWKÃPUGJCDNCGPGNRQGOC!
‹3WÃOKNCITQUGUECRC\FGTGCNK\CT!
‹&GSWÃHWGVGUVKIQGNCWVQTGP4QOC!
.C\CTKNNQFG6QTOGU
/GPEKQPCGNNWICT[HGEJCFGCRCTKEKÎPFGGUVCQDTCCUÈEQOQUWCTIWOGPVQ
'ZRNKECGPNGPIWCLGEQVKFKCPQNQSWGJK\QGNEKGIQ[NCHKPCNKFCFSWGRGTUGIWÈC
2CTCFQZCU/ÃFKECU
'NQIKQCNCU$GNNCU#TVGU
'NCDQTCNCUDKQITCHÈCUDTGXGUFGNQURKPVQTGU&KGIQ8GN¶USWG\4WDGPU6KPVQTGTQ/KIWGN#PIGN[4CHCGN
‹%W¶NGUNCKFGCRTKPEKRCNFGNHTCIOGPVQ!
.C*GTOCPC#IWC
…un goteo incesante me ha enseñado más que los libros.”
‹2QTSWÃGPGUVGHTCIOGPVQFKEG#OCFQ0GTXQSWG
'ZRNKECCORNKCOGPVGRQTSWÃGUVGVGZVQVKGPGWPECT¶EVGTKTÎPKEQ
'UETKDGHKIWTCUNKVGTCTKCUSWGCRCTG\ECPGPGUVGHTCIOGPVQ
.GEVWTCURCTCNC/WLGT
'PWOGTCVQFQUNQUECNKHKECVKXQUEQPSWGNCCWVQTCGZCNVCNCDGNNG\CFGNCCTVGUCPÈCGPEWGUVKÎP
ALBERTO > BETO
ISABEL
MANUEL
ANTONIO
JESÚS
GABRIELA
NATALIA
SOLEDAD
JOSÉ MARÍA
MARGARITA
LUIS
GUADALUPE
!
REFRIGERADOR
FOTOGRAFÍA
ARREJUNTAR
APUÑALAR
MURCIÉLAGO
GELATINA