application

Mededeelingen’s Rijks
No.
56.
Personal
Herbarium Leiden
ideas
about the
application
of the International Rules of Nomenclature,
or, as
with the Rules themselves, International
II.
Some
denominations of
Dicotyledonous
With
and
set
a
of
deliberation?
a
and
Trees
Shrubs
species.
Retrospection
Propositions
the
on
Nomenclature-Rules
BY
Dr.
J.
of
retired prof,
Valckenier+Suringar
the Agricultural
in
Academy
Netherlands.
the
INTRODUCTION.
This
second
Part
“Manual of Cultivated
That admirable
of
which
names,
works
of the last
others.
new-old
cases
work
years;
is
and
because
respect
I
work
as
to the
principles.
I
long
all
the work
to the
to do with Trees and
Readers,
this
paper
the writer,
Eine
who
or
who
deutsche
Deutschen
wish
to the
will
be
part
work;
No
Shrubs,
Uebersetzung
Dendrologischen
principles
as
it
to
of it,
and
of
are
I criticise
principles
only
unfavourable with
plantnomenclature;
and
whole. REHDER’S “Manual”
a
is
in
its
relative
newest
Dendrologist,
can
moreover
REHDER’S
thereby that
names
characters, the
eventually
first
the
obtain unity
and arduous
as
and
changes
Dendrological works existing.
has
1
criticise
to
with
join
cases
many
BAILEY’S
in
of those names, beside
study
a
when I therefore criticise in all those
But
I
criticizing
complete, the sharpest
propagated
the reader must not think
whole.
a
world’s effort
the result of
in
REHDER’S
looking changes
revolutionary
already
made
and I have
Dr. ALFRED
1927.
several
were
that I cannot
think that these
don’t think about
is
partly
in
principally
Shrubs”
contains
REHDER’S opinion,
REHDER’S
origin
Trees and
changes
The result
names
its
has
size
the
most
and most usable of
even
no
Botanist, who
do without it.
obtain
are
corrigenda
requested
thankful
befindet
Gesellschaft",
sich
for
in
to
hints
den
1927/28.
and addenda to
communicate with
and
observations.
„Mitteilungen
der
2
's
Mededeelingen
I.
ADDITIONS TO
Rijks
PART
I:
SOME DENOMINATIONS OF
CONIFER
1.
To note
of the "Checklist
Names and
of the
with
the
again coming
exception
Forest
Forest
reasons
has
GRANDE gives
p.
some
184 he
is
Mugo
a
To
and
number of
a
Pinus
tautological
into
new
is still
which
names,
Mohrodendron,
become Ps.ts.
are
was
restored;
taxifolia SARG. SO unity
as a
about T URRA'S
anything
with which
IV
1914,
On
Kewensis".
older than P. montana. He
I
(Venezia)
description,
di
152
writes
pura
the habitat of
variety of Pinus
Napoli T.
the "Index
name
denominazione,
to
Mugo.
Universita di
corrections in
Mugo TURRA
"magnifica
see
Philadelphia Code
Pinus montana and
No. 5.
he wishes that every visitor
name
a
States, their
like Halesia, which
names,
cites for it "Giornale d'Italia del Grisellini"
does not say
compiled
nearer.
L.
gives
has
Service,
that the
del l'Orto Botanico della R.
Bull,
preface:
Trees of the United
us
Code
Philadelphia
2.
In
in the
is made with the
mucronata SUDW.
Pseudotsuga
is
an
And for other
rejected.
changed
of the
Ranges", in 1927. He tells
but that
followed,
are
SPECIES.
2, al. 2 and 3,
"SUDWORTH, Dendrologist
edition
Herbarium Leiden:
the
(1765);
only
in
a
but
he
note that
origine italica". And
species will honour the
montana
(of the authors
since
TURRA) the plant corresponds.
On the
the
authority of this
Pinus
name
Mugo
f. Ges. Zurich LXI
Was TURRA'S
in
THELLUNG
have put
Vierteljahrschr.
der Nat.
communication SCHINZ
place
of P. montana, in
et
1916, p. 418.
description sufficient
to take his
name
P.
one? The Instituto Botanico della R. Universita di Firenze
that in Giornale d'Italia I.e.
me
No 214. Pinus
pin. 49 (this
chose;
aucun
we
as
LOB.
texte
be
must
explicatif
is
species
Pinus
assume
that
his
synonym of
en
langue
TAB.
appear
as
P. S.
SEGUIER
well
PI.
one.
montana
Veron.
means
our
II
p.
Pinus
way:
autre
pas
are
not
given. Of
course
Pinus
gives
MATTH.
syl. Mugo
AD.
(TAB.) and Pinus syl. mugo (GER. ic.)
communicated
1745
a
meant; moreover, BAUHIN
synonyms of BAUHIN'S Pinus
Dr. BIJHOUWER
undoubtedly
linnaean
as
syl.
valid
italienne".
Pinus montana altera:
But Pinus
a
informed
montana altera
491). My informer adds: ,,il n'y
P. montana is
our
kindly
as
described in this
sylvestris
the differences with P. silvestris and P. Pinea
may
a
new
(Mugo) foliis geminis
BAUH.
So,
the
Mugo
to
256, where
montana;
sylvestris.
me
a
that
TURRA
description
SEGUIER'S
is
mentions
found, which
name
is
an
anti-
No.
This
2.
56.
appeared
has
Pinus
montis
tur, parum
incolae
in
se
ligamina
ad
parant
of Rhamnus
tions TURRA
in
longe
A
by RUPRECHT
"Beitrage
GRANDE is Rhamnus
LINN. Mant. I
zur
On p. 56
in
"Flores
en
57
RUPRECHT
A. Gmelini;
haec
cujus specimina,
Sibiricam
nec
men-
pendula.
cisuralensium"
Russischen
edited
Reichs",
is
a
name,
(printed
by
in
Im-
the
Tome, 1845).
sec.
microcarpa habetur
ovatis,
differt et v.g. circa
L. sibiricae
"monendum tamen,
LEDEB.
diversas: nempe L. sibiricam
species
vulgo pro L.
sinu lato emarginatis
I.e. 1765
writes*):
strobuli late
praecipue squamis
eximie
sursum
Jacutzc atque
LEDEB.,
in
2
Herb.
sed abamericana
)
angustatis
GMELINI,
apice
et
in Dahurica
crescit,
Floram
ejus
illustrante, adsunt".
So, RUPRECHT gives the difference of
not
TURRA
pumilus
(Larix sibirica LEDEB.)
duas saltern adesse
quibus
ex
1767; LINNAEUS himself
Samojedorum
Pflanzenkunde des
“Abies Ledebourii
in Sibiria
so
dfffundentes;
quae
dividi-
1767.
XII
perial Academy of Science, Petersburg,
et
vocata,
crassos,
(really old) competing speciesname for Larix dahurica
new
269.
Mugo
tametsi
vincienda.
3. To No. 8. Larix dahurica and
given
In omnibus Baldi
pumila,
sese
3
application.
found:
491
ramos,
lateque
the
is
I.e.
C.B.Pin.
species
Pini
dolia
pumilus
Systema
SEGUIER
obsequentes
sed
An other correction of L.
in stead
altera
haec
lentos et
extollentes
In
right.
montana
invenitur
radice
a
be
to
silvestris
jugis
statim
about
J. Valckenier Suringar, Personal ideas
Dr.
3
with L. sibirica
);
his
species with
and he has looked at
L.
microcarpa
but
,
of it in GMELIN'S
specimina
herbary.
Prof. FEDTSCHENKO adds
Larix
dahurica;
of Russian
but
Flora's
it
RUPRECHT mentions,
quidpiam
videtur";
the Russian
a
name
for
our
name
letter
that the latest
our
compilers
L. dahurica TURCZ.
beside his
A. Gmelini,
an
A. Kamtschatica,
configuratione
et
Botanists take it for L.
squamarum
dahurica;
so, that
which
differre
is
again
L. dahurica!
REHDER accepts,
first
name
majoribus
Abies Gmelini without doubt is
from his
appears
keep the
"strobilis
that this
as
PILGER
of RUPRECHT,
and
did,
in
"Additions"
therefore calls
our
to
his
"Manual"
the
L. dahurica: L. Gmelini
PILGER.
*)
Kindly
communicated
Botanical Garden
2
)
3
)
L.
at
to
me
by Prof.
BORIS
FEDTSCHENKO, Chief-Botanist
Leningrad.
This
is
The
mentionedemarginated
laricina KOCH
(
americana
bracts
MICH.).
of
the
cone
may
show the
difference.
of the
's
Mededeelingen
4
In
oldest valid
33
al.
5.
The
L.
follows:
as
To
Pinus
effusa
Both
species
Cedrus and
of Larix
with
Pseudotsuga
add:
to
an
runs
squamis
mar-
L.
LINNAEUS'
to
canadensis.
and
d
figure
Annals of
in
supposes
Tsuga
Etc.
name
two
us
the
as
vol.
Botany
the
taxifolia.
shows
sketcher,
Perhaps
from
moreover
LAMBERT'S
I
petioled
referent
167.
1805, p.
has
of
It
to
do
description
of
taxifolia
name
tricuspidatae,
dentibus
giores;
LAMBERT
now
to
seen
reality
the
intermedio
the
adopts
be
being
eventually
on
plate
duplo
squamis
longissimo";
that
be
must
lonour
is also
good
3, line,
16 No.
4,
8 and
note
only
23, last line
with the
new
5
aside
the
species
taxi-
specimens;
P. taxi-
name
by the author himself,
or
to
put
it
rejicienda"; and to adopt the name
legal
for
one
mucronata SUDW.
al.
p.7
1) line
completed
put
the valid and
and valid in
is
cones, that
p. 59 No.
to
rejected
5.
in valid
name
P. canadensis
unchanged.
Pseudotsuga
name
From
Douglasii.
different".
plate
and
as
P.
of
list of "nomina specifica
Pseudotsuga Douglasii
For the
is
incorrect
a
name
widely
it will be
opinion
my
al.
described with "bracteolae
rejects also with his former description the former
LAMBERT writes that the
as
are
cartilagineo-membranaceae,
acuminatis,
folia and "gladly"
but in
is
mentioned that DOUGLAS
Fir.
Douglas
is
cones
complete
more
1837, where
lineares,
p.
ovales,
respect
the
complete specimens; and the
p. 6
late
Douglasii
the
of
error
in the third Tome of
species
In
by SALISBURY I.e.
patula
description.
invalid
furnished
folia
etc.
International Rules.
cannot be
This appears
"it
libani
tripollicares,
no
are
To No. 22.
of
us
desirable. And the
it.
with
the
has
names
LAMBERT'S work
reminds
is
name
Bracteae in fructu evanidae. Pinus Cedrus
I.e.
line, halfway,
that
leaves;
SAL.
new
pendula SAL.
12. Cedrus
Strobuli
patula.
our
5.
No.
description
truncatis.
gine erectis,
p. 57 last
remains L.
of all
name
4.
p.
Herbarium Leiden:
deliberation about this
opinion,
my
Rijks
our
see
Douglas
Fir.
addition 1 to
Part I.
Diversa.
3, line 2,
8,9:
to
change
the
word
legal
legal,
halfway,
16
to add: the text
gives 6| Poll for the
cm.
to read:
h.b.
=
colui in horto botanico.
No.
56.
J. Valckenier Suringar,
Dr.
Personal
ideas
about
application.
the
AND
DENOMINATIONS OF SOME DICOTYLEDONOUS TREES
II.
5
SHRUBS SPECIES.
No. 1.
candicans, tacamahaca and deltoides.
balsamifera,
Populus
A
cross-exchange of
With
In
the second
deltoides: P.
not
to which
give another
must
we
give the
name to
also
can
P.
once
America"
North
the
plant that
we
mean
P.
and
tacamahaca,
once
did
by it,
but
P. deltoides. Because of that, SARGENT
name
the
at
that SARGENT all at
say
balsamifera
P.
name
all
balsamifera
One
balsamifera.
put under the
other,
an
Populus
1—2.
Figures
"Manual of the Trees of
edition of his
SARGENT called
names.
plant, which before had the
name
P. balsa-
mifera; he, following the Rules of International Nomenclature, chose therefore tacamahaca.
may call this
We
in
possible),
P.
this
a
single cross-exchange
Populus
terete
(a double
names
is also
one
manner:
L.
balsamifera
sens,
P. tacamahaca.
=
europ.
P. deltoides
no
of
balsamifera
petioles,
and
has
(Linnaeus)
no
whitish
flattened,
balsamifera
P.
=
L.
colour
thus,
on
L.
americ.
sens,
according
Sargent,
to
underside of
the
and the under side of the leaf is
but
the
it is
known, among others, by P. canadensis, deltoides and monilifera.
petioles
are
has SARGENT arrived
do
you
that
to
come
the
under side
balsamifera
of
always
is
cultivate it; and
described in all
at that conclusion? SARGENT could also ask
P.
say that
so
so
has
LINNAEUS
balsamifera
the
leaf
is
white?
represented,
as
everybody always
Dendrological
books,
from
Wilde Baumzucht") to and with BAILEY'S
In
made
mistake;
representation
manner;
we
must
DUROI
chief
in
P.
we
1772
of
follow thus
P.
balsamifera.
balsamifera
look
up
my
how
1772, perhaps
cannot
point
But
change
"Cyclopedia" of
LINNAEUS
no
single
of view and
you
in
has
cannot
shape
in
described
botanist
how
us:
as
P.
our
such
we
it; it stands exactly
(DUROI
the
change
accept
P.
so
"die Harbkesche
say:
your
as
How
petioles and
know it, and
known
green,
will answer,
you
to that, SARGENT and also REHDER will
answer
a
Well,
such
has terete
leaf,
the
present time.
They have all
the
name
and
that in such
thoughts.
a
Well,
After
balsamifera.
has done that; and that is the
thing.
LINNAEUS
described in his
(when he lived
poplar,
thus:
at the
great work "Hortus Cliffortianus"
Hartekamp
near
Haarlem, with CLIFFORD)
in
a
1737
species
Mededeelingen
6
4.
in
Crescit
leaves).
Carolina
Herbarium
Rijks
Americes
Leiden:
with
(Poplar
crenatis
cordatis,
foliis
Populus
's
heart
crenated
shaped
aquas. Communicata ab
juxta
ill.
Boerhaavio.
He
added to it,
also
(our
obunctis
(the leaves
moist
Populus
what
From
these
referring
as
seum,
opinion;
crenated
fera
deltoides
or
We
LINNAEUS
is
(both
descriptions
in
an
leaves.
Would
species
balsamifera,
might
we
to eliminate all
sides of the leaves. And then
branch of
densis
It
monilifera,
or
appears
declare
be
BOERHAAVE,
a
to
name
nyms,
1.
remedy
to
given by him,
Populus
dentibus
LINNAEUS
only had that
in the British
deduce
to
a
Mu-
right
heterophylla, which species
had, just
the
as
European
knew, flat petioles and green
petioles
when he
the branch
in
saw
and white undersides of the
description? Because of the fact, that
right, by
with terete
our
of the
sense
(LINNAEUS)
that
we
which
P.
deltoides,
cana-
balsamifera.
not
are
probability that this
term)
called P.
must
interpretation of his
petioles and white under-
arrive at the great
our
legal; characteristics,
a
he
LINNAEUS,
species
however,
me,
we
term).
species
have the
we
some-
species of the type balsami-
P.
species,
terete
(in
which he
used to arrive at
A final
was
of the
If
kept
insufficient
alba, which
with
(with
through the method of eliminating.
this
not have mentioned it in his
he has not done so,
P.
sense
American
underside of
a
which is
are
further
tremula and
leaves,
crenatis
conclude thus what
American
an
the old
advance
species, iP. nigra,
the
great
4 in Hort. Cliff.
nr.
must
Herbarium,
generally recognized;
of BOERHAAVE
a
leaves).
Populus
we
that it is
already knew
still
now
The
perhaps
can
his
synonym
know
only
finds
one
gives under the genus Populus:
He had the branch from BOERHAAVE.
London.
we
stipules
foliis subcordatis oblongis
now! It is not in CLIFFORD'S
in
the
LINNAEUS
descriptions
two
to.
species
balsam).
(balsamifera)
gives
previous
balsam); inter stipulos liquidissimum
with
copia datur (between
heartshaped, oblong,
LINNAEUS
much like the
very
foliis magis cordatis, obtusis, foliisque balsamo
"Species Plantarum" 1753
In
4.
was
was
salved
were
balsamum maxima in
quantity of
that it
differed in
P. nigra)but
apply
not
this
method to
mentioned,
may not
definite conclusion.
identify the species of
as
guide.
nigra, folio
LINNAEUS is to take the syno-
LINNAEUS gives the
maximo,
following:
gemmis balsamum odoratissimum fun-
(very large leaf, buds with balsam). CATESBY Car.
I
p. 34,
t. 34
(Flora of Carolina 1731).
2.
Populus foliis ovatis acutis serratis GMEL. Sib.
Sibirica
We
I, pag. 52,
t. 33
(Flora
1747).
have
only give
a
nothing
leaf
or a
in
the text of 1
and 2 to
branch with leaves. It is
a
help
us.
curious
And the
thing that
a
drawings
Siberian
Fig.
T.
34
p.p.
Populus
nigra
folio
1.
maximo
gemmis
Balsamum
fundentibus,
in
Meded.
R. H.
no.
56.
Catesby
Nat.
Hist.
Carol.
1731
I.
odoratissimum
Fig.
Tab.
XXXIII
in
Meded. R. H.
no.
56.
J.
G.
p.p.
Populus
GMELIN.
2.
foliis
Flora
ovatis,
acutis,
Sibirica Tomus
I
serratis.
1747.
56.
No.
is
Poplar
Dr.
Valckenier
J.
regarded
3.
synonym of
as
identified in
CATESBY'S species
really
294
p.
From
petioles!
with
species
a
Ultr.
WACH.
Terete
about
the
Fig.
this
of the
of
I
did
petioles
in 1737 ;
as
the uncertain
amongst
1772 DUROI
place
to
place
LINNAEUS is
in
catalogue
Populus
Then it
this tereteness
just the
1747).
L. aside
balsamifera
"die Harbkesche
in
he wrote
nothing
Wilde Baumzucht" also
about the flatness
or
roundness of
petioles, but he called the underside of the leaves "Weiszgriin"
gave
as
and he
incanis
(Tacamahaca) foliis subcordatis inferne
Populus
synonym
same
species.
described
Populus balsamifera;
is
terete
described
balsamifera.
that LINNAEUS did not
to do
thing
LINNAEUS
with his P.
WACHENDORFF wrote his
v.
the best
Perhaps,
find
not
1, 2.
index).
that
infer
petioles in his diagnosis. (The diagnosis of
in 1753
In
could
we
such sort
7
application.
species.
work. See
(Horti ultrajectini
would appear all the stranger
'the
American
an
single
any
ideas
Populus foliis cordatis crenatis basi nudis, petiolis teretibus (with
petioles).
a
Personal
Suringar,
(underside grey), superne atroviridibus (upper-side darkgreen) MILLER.
DUROI
described his
plants from living specimens;
LINNAEUS and that of DUROI many tree
imported
We
into the
is of
DUROI
by
we
the
we,
know
that it is
opinion
with
his
P.
balsamifera
as
impossible
P.
to
adds after it:
place, then the
LINN.;
non
This would be
nal
a
fine
we
the
same
legal
one
(from
be
if
we
must be
add behind it:
have
used; well
do, regard
or
name
solution,
Nomenclature Rules
older
DUR.,
balsamifera
if it
species, which is described
were
P.
an
that
tely;
remains,
in
does
now,
name;
I
think,
cient motive for this
We
must
exchanging
protest
of
exchanges
in
it
much
and
case,
mutual discussion and
Such
as
so
name
Populus
Balsam
our
name
as
Tacamahaca is
Poplar
must
be
does.
balsamifera
disappeared comple-
REHDER'S "Manual"s,
appears
is
P.
in
from the above,
balsamifera
the
sense
there is
not
of
L.
our
suffi-
opinion.
as
names;
descriptions of the
name
L.
LINN.?).
not do with SARGENT and REHDER;
SARGENT'S and
P. deltoides. But
balsamifera
P.
L.
another
only possible; but the Internatio-
MILLER'S
bad if the
so
L.
as
balsamifera DUR. (REHDER
called P. Tacamahaca MILL., which REHDER also
that it
balsamifera
balsamifera
P.
say
P.
it
rightly demanded that the oldest
1759) than DUROI'S
This would not be
meant the
such.
as
SARGENT and REHDER
than
species
the
that DUROI
really
now
LINNAEUS under this name, and therefore he calls
But if
the time of
parks of Europe.
assume
may
species, which
species
between
from N.-America have been
of
so
as
that
that
votingover
names, in
possible
every
it at
against
only
can
have
botanist
an
such
effect
can
unnecessary
through
cross-
detailed
judge it, and through
International Botanical Congress.
particular
cross-exchanges,
ought
to be
8
Mededeelingen 's Rijks
first
a
in scientific
published
Manuals and
Cyclopedia's.
In the older
dendrological
works
L.,
SARGENT has written it in his
itself
distinguishing
1
of them at
mostly find, beside
we
P.
balsamifera
P. candicans AIT.
a
st
Leiden:
and, only after acceptation
papers
in
Congress,
P.
Herbarium
edition of
his
balsamifera
is
"Sylva"
broader
by
he
"Manual"
called
P.
P.
as
cordate
and
balsamifera
mention
does not
it;
SARGENT
tacamahaca)
var.
in the 2
tells
candicans,
In
leaves.
hairy
more
nd
the
(where
following:
the
“Populus candicans AIT., the Balm of Gilead, of which only the pistillate
tree
is
known, has often been considered
This tree has been
Balsampoplar.
country and
has sometimes
considerable
variety of the North-American
the N. E. parts of the
in
from cultivation and formed
groves of
escaped
The
extent
long
a
cultivated
that
fact,
only
one
is
sex
known, suggests
hybrid origin but of obscure and possibly partly of foreign origin."
REHDER calls it in his "Manual" of 1927
communication
also
abbreviated;
he
again
a
species, with the above
it in the
distinguishes
same
way
as
SARGENT.
All
this
to
seems
be of
importance
no
but it becomes of
balsamifera;
importance by
write in their "Trees of Great Britain &
MILL.
1768
applies
P.
as
this
to
balsamifera. ” E. &
H.
would
do not because it
description,
which includes
opinion of
reason
not
instead
of P.
regarded
to
as
a
foliis
somewhat
The
in
balsamifera.
&
HENRY
further
but
is
on
the
particularly
name
the
long
more
P. tacamahaca
when P.
not
P.taca-
account of the
true, then there is all
discussion,
diagnosis
includes also
P. candicans:
result in confusion
Henry
P. tacamahaca
description
consequently call
P.
L.;
Plantarum"
"Species
give
subcordatis
heart-shaped,
MILLER'S
inferne
underside
absolutely
mean
1805 and DUROI
candicans is
can
botanical
thus
see
for
discussion
atroviridibus
superne
greyishwhite,
in
particular
&
upperside
P.
every
particular
it
case
(Taca(leaves
rather
P.
wrong!
is to
of
Harb-
darkgreen).
candicans,
HENRY is
himself how necessary
in
in "Die
diagnosis thus: Populus
incanis,
and then the reasoning of ELWES
reader
national
detailed
Populus
&
special species.
does not
balsamifera;
can
without
Wilde Baumzucht"
mahaca)
This
use,
ELWES
balsamifera
WILLDENOW
kesche
Ireland"; they regard
his
but
species,
mahaca, but
If this
that what Elwes
synonym of P. candicans AIT. 1789: "MILLER'S
a
plainly
for
nomenclatorically
have
Inter-
nomenclature.
No.
J. Valckenier Suringar,
Dr.
56.
No. 2. Salix
In the older
villous
does not
There is
identify
with
give
with
S. repens
1762 is
way:
At
(cf.
for that
angustifolia
kept
as
S.
species
in
GOUAN
synonym.
some
people
1867, others
1,
DUHAMEL,
L.
rosmarinifolia
rosmarinifolia
a
ANDERS.
POIRET
(S. angustifolia
as
1753;
LINNAEUS
Friesiana
=
rosmarinifolia
lanceolatis
integerrimis
given:
a
mentioned name,
nor
Cat.
as a
separate
Hort.
Monsp.
for S. incana SCHRANK.
his
in
S. humilis
strictis
sericea
name
of POIRET in
subtus
The following
BAUHIN
LOB.,
angustifolia
angustifolia above the
sessilibus
villosa.
repens
this
Plantarum in
Species
linearibus
Folia subtus nitida
the foot:
are
synonyms
viminalis
and
narrow
SCHRANK
synonym S. incana
a
rosmarinifolia
x
described S.
S. foliis
tomentosis.
Salix
a
contrary
universally
LINNAEUS
give
as
KOCH and DIPPEL treat S.
the
on
species with conspicuously
Elaeagnos, neither
S. repens
var.
1800). LOUDON,
species;
a
three
LOUDON had in his works the last
S.
a
found,
All
them,
moreover
it
9
application.
and incana.
Elaeagnos, rosmarinifolia
1772 is
leaves.
1789. Previous to
but
the
dendrological works of KOCH, KOEHNE and DIPPEL, Salix
SCOPOLI
Elaeagnos
whitish
about
ideas
Personal
Hist,
"in
DUHAMEL). Hab.
Europae campis depressis".
SCOPOLI
amentum
bifidum,
(3—4).
the
gives
carniolica
following
1772: Filamentum
inter
lineas
fere
tres
Nectarium
ad
color; foliis
in Mare. Germen
squamis emarginatis
SCHRANK'S
Finally
1789,
runs
Rande
so:
Die
sagezahnig,
die
sah
All these
there is
for
our
ich
of his
um
mit
Miinchen
by
descriptions
are
plant;
Dendrologists
1
); the latter
Dendrologists,
*)
The
S. incana
only
such
as
advantage
SCHRANK
ut
in
Baierische
behaart,
Graue
gefunden.
Die
unten
Weide.
Bliithe
I.
Flora
filzig,
am
Wohnort:
oder Frucht-
nicht.
cultivated
SCHRANK
oben
Driisen.
insufficient for
this
is
the
us
most
catalogues. But there is neither sufficient
time
con-
et rivulos!
at
present; and
objection against choosing the oldest
no
amenti
folio
Nectarium
oblongis.
S. incana,
lancetformig,
Sagezahne
H.WEIZENBECKhat sie
katzchen
scaturigines
description
Blatter
ad basin
Amentum
semi-
apice fuscus. Stigmata flavescentia.
glabrum, viride. Stylus
Habitat in Montibus nostris, ad
Filamentum
Foliola
Femina:
Mas.:
antheriferis.
subcordatis.
Flora
in
Elaeagnos
ramis
bifidum,
squamis
apice connivens.
(3—4);
S.
his
Antherae luteae.
longum.
fulvum,
basin
unicum,
foliaceas,
gemmas
of
description
1789,
used,
name
is
name
used
name
to
reason
name
S.
found
nowadays
S.
in
in
my
opinion
nurseries
change the,
SCOP,
Elaeagnos
in
rosmarinifolia
into
for
a
of
this
changed into its synonym S.
change
name
incana
S.
of
names
candida
MICH.
1802.
is
the works of the
that, by
FLUEGGE
1803
this
does
use
not
long
S. incana
BAILEY, TAROUCA, SCHNEIDER and REHDER;
the
L.
and
of
the
need
new
also
name
to
be
10
's
Mededeelingen
the
Rijks
Leiden:
Herbarium
Joint Committee in America has taken it
in
over
"Standardized
its
Plantnames".
According
from the
SCOP.
is
SCHNEIDER,
to
cultivated
our
KOEHNE 1899
lavandulifolia
(syn. S.
S. incana SCHR.
this
FORB.);
and writes that in his
SCHR.)
S.
opinion
Elaeagnos
originates
S.
Elaeagnos
=
lavandulaefolia
linearis
var.
var.
name
Dendrologist KOCH; KOCH takes S. linearis FORB.
( incana
variety of it. Dippel calls it 5.
a
is
plant
linearis
(syn.
Lap.
S. linearis
FORB.).
At
all
it
events
linearis
variety
is
from 5. incana SCHR.
its own,
No.
desirable
DIPP.
or
to
from S.
or
Quercus
cultivated
our
SCHNEIDER
as
SCOP.;
Elaeagnos
independent of the species
3.
distinguish
lavandulifolia,
var.
to which it is
then it
plant
has
a
as
a
either
does,
name
of
brought.
rubra, borealis, ambigua; Prinus, Michauxii
digitata,
and montana.
Again
a
cross-exchange of
A name, which relies upon
A
nomen
With
called
(sometimes
2nd
and
ed.
the
rubra,
Quercus
in
known
Q. americana)
REHDER'S
"Manual"
is
cross-exchanging of
same
for that
reason
the treatment
what did LINNAEUS
mean
LINNAEUS gave, in his
9.
Quercus
(rubra)
by
names
can
his
that
at
can
of
was
really
be
leaf
ciently
it
we
is
and
Q.
Q. falcata.
shorter; and
at
we
once
ask:
Q. rubra?
1st
"Species Plantarum",
that this
say
Populus
rubra
Populus balsamifera;
edition,
on
page 996:
foliis obtuso-sinuatis setaceo-mucronatis (with
needle-shaped
description
balsamifera,
was
acquainted with
Q. alba and Q. nigra
leaf-shape;
the
whilst
digitata
with
as
"Manual"
to
find
is
just
as
points).
unsatisfactory,
which species
out
obtuse
as
LINNAEUS
meant.
LINNAEUS
with
once
of Q.
Oak
American
SARGENT'S
in
Q. borealis;
sense
incisions of the lobes of the leaf and with
We
called
thus,
now
cultivated
and
1927:
still appears in these Manuals, but in the
The
interpretation.
erraticum.
Figures 3—11.
universally
really
names.
incorrect
an
characteristics,
distinguishable
really
call
because
so,
Q.
not
very
rubra.
from
LINNAEUS
we
by
may
his
probable
some
M. and
S.
America; this last
species, and
European
one
has
a
very
special
only distinguished his Q. rubra through
assume
phrase
that
also
that
from
LINNAEUS
it
is
in
that
respect
suffi-
Q. alba. Seen in that light
meant
the
species,
which
Fig.
T. 23 p.p.
Quercus
in
The Natural
Catesby
Meded. R. H.
no.
56.
esculi divisura foliis
History
of
3.
amplioribus
Carolina,
aculeatis Pluk.
Florida and the Bahama
Phyt.
t.
Islands,
LIV.
1731.
Fig.
Drawing
of
planten)
a
of
leaf
of
the
Quercus
specimen
Esculi
Museum
Meded. R. H.
no.
56
4.
in
divisura
(Natural
Hort.
etc.
Sloane
CATESBY,
History).
(Catesby’s
in
the
Florida
British
5.
Fig.
Drawing
in
of
Hort.
an
etc.
Meded.
R.
H.
axil
Sloane
no.
56.
with beard at
(Catesby’s
CATESBY,
in
the
Florida
the
underside of
plants)
British
of
a
leaf of
Quercus
Museum
(Nat.
the
Esculi
Hist.).
specimen
divisura
6.
Fig.
T.
LIV
fig. 4.
Quercus
an
in
Meded. R. H.
no.
56.
esculi
Quercus
Leonardi
divisura
alba
foliis
virginiana
Plukenetti
amplioribus
Park.
Phytographia
1691.
aculeatis,
Fig.
T.
CCCCXX.
Quercus
digitata
North America
Meded.
R. H.
no.
56.
7.
Sudw.
Vol.
in
VIII
Sargent
1895.
The
Silva
of
Fig.
Pl.
20.
Quercus
8.
catesbaei
ANDRÉ
in F. A. MICHAUX Histoire des arbres forestiers
1812.
Quercus,
foliis
palmatolobatis,
squamis
Med.
R. H.
no.
56.
brevissime
lobis
petiolatis,
de
basi
interdum sub-falcatis:
marginalibus
introflexis;
MICHAUX
L’Amérique
septentrionale
angustatis,
cupula
glande
acutis
majuscula,
breviovata.
sub-
II
No.
56.
Dr.
LINNAEUS
synonym
gave
I.
a
thinks
branch with
of
rounded
than
off; the
is?
drawing
L.! So
has
his
in
as
CATESBY'S
is
But
those of
makes
really
one
fix
to
by that of
decreased
are
much smaller
Q. digitata,
sufficient
drawing
again
nothing; the
broad incisions, the lobes
deep,
as
this
is
be
Q.
what
PLUKENET.
cannot be at the
of
question
the leaves.
on
leaves;
on
Q.
for
the hairs of the
with CATESBY'S
same
time the
be
Q. digitata
and
if this is just,
there
out
are
undersides of
Mr. TANDY
the leaves of the
Mr. TANDY
as
with beard and to send
was
me
Fig.
nothing about
the underside
glabrous. From this,
Q. rubra; but
our
taken
Populus
is included in
informed me,
tufts of sterry hairs in the axils of the veins
the leaves;
on
8.
no
this
is
notice of
he may not have taken notice of the terete
as
has,
hairs
may have
specimen of CATESBY, which
Museum,
finds
one
become
meant
LINNAEUS
then
first before
argued
soon
phrase and
rubra
permanent
has
LINNAEUS
identification;
white
of the British
has
rubra AUCT. the leaves
SARGENT
type-specimen of Q.
description of Q. rubra;
leaves, just
The authentic
there
REHDER.
by
even
species
Q. Catesbaei must
might conclude that
not sufficient
petioles
this
and
Catesbaei,
Quercus
conceivable. However,
synonym, what is
plant
recognized,
VI11
vol.
MICHAUX
by
taken decision about the character of Q. rubra L. See
the hairs
of the
called
since been
ever
"Sylva"
a
this
is
plant
We return to LINNAEUS'
one
large
as
are
significance
Its
CATESBY'S
it
such
gives
can
acorns
Q. rubra.
CATESBY
Q. rubra; that of CATESBY
leaves and acorns, which
the leaves have
divisura,
(1720),
obtain
we
11
application.
Fig. 3—7.
Besides,
as
of
54 f. 4
diagnosis
that could be
leaf,
a
this
the
Quercus esculi
309 t.
Aim. p.
From
peculiar
Q. digitata;
those
rubra L.
See
(1731).
23
t.
of PLUKENET gives
drawing
shows
23
p.
about
ideas
follows:
as
names,
aculeatis PLUK.
foliis amplioribus
Car.
Personal
Valckenier Suringar,
J.
kind
so
moreover
a
make
to
as
sketch of
on
no
balsamifera.
the Herbary
but
acorns;
the underside of
drawing ofsuchanaxil
a
whole leaf of CATESBY'S
a
plant. See Fig. 4, 5.
Probably
but
LINNAEUS
his
has built
Q.
had
rubra
not show hairs, LINNAEUS
So there is
species
than
reason
we
to
have
not
by opportunity
International
aside Quercus
The
studying
rubra L.
as
Quercus
in
question
it
and
for
and
rubra
but the
plants,
drawings do
L.
represents
other
an
would have been better
scientific
coming
being unsatisfactorily
case
these
and to describe them.
But it
a
PLUKENET'S
as
to
journal, giving therea
conclusion
at
an
that conclusion would have been to put
would
1772; DUROI'S description
that of LINNAEUS;
see
taken for it.
Congress. Perhaps
name, which in that
rubra DUROI
that
assume
always
drawings;
not able to
was
if REHDER had introduced the
for
CATESBY'S and
seen
from their
leaves,
come
is
into
described.
consideration,
by itself
which he
drew,
not
is
Quercus
much better
than
appear very much like
12
Mededeelingen
and described
seen
If
oak.
rican
relies upon
and
an
Pinus
no
in
as
"The
case
the
become
can
1
6
no.
a
of
variety
a
rubra DUR.
and REHDER
and
Q.
name.
And it
Q.
But
if
should,
Q.
rubra
a new
as
then
rubra
is
naturally
of
a
still
II
no.
to
is
Q.
is
Q.
of the
must be
obtaining
then
aside
put
but
rubra
DUR., f.i.
as
only
a
rubra DUR.
distinct
Q. americana;
complication.
ambigua
the
name
Q. ambigua
H. B. K.
name
There is
SILVA
an
ELWES
rubra DUR.
als
drops
signifying
out and
be
and that
&
do
HENRY
obliged
nobody
a
1809), whose
not have
is
taken
this
as
name
name.
synonym with
borealis; why
rejects
Q.
rubra
digitata; Q. digitata
MICH,
has
is
the
is
legal,
But
if,
synonym of
a
for
name
L.
as
we
to
will
that
the
Q. borealis.
do SARGENT and
so as
ELWES
Quercus ambigua
a
later discovered
ELWES
&
HENRY
Q. obtusata H. B. K.
Q. borealis. J.J. SMITH,
well
of
so
as
call
Q. ambigua
do,
ibid.,
Q. borealis! See Fig. 9.
as
published by
right
not
this
Q. ambigua instead of Q. borealis,
objection against the
speciesname Q. falcata
to be
is older than
ambigua becomes free
TAROUCA
Q. falcata (syn.
in names, to
Q.
species,
because there is another and older
II
Aeq.
Quercus species may
then the
to
settled Internatio-
acknowledged
Q. digitata, then Q.
generally admitted
& HENRY do? This is
(PI.
name
SARGENT
DUR. First of all
changes
obtain
we
as
so
taken,
Q. borealis
regards
rubra
the least
HENRY
&
may not be
all the sooner, if one,
synonym of
species;
EIWES
true, it
transference
the
translation
English
SCHNEIDER
Q. borealis MICH,
not
as
little
name
REHDER not put
H.B.K.
older
deliberation is needed.
1813; it is really
then the
an
L.
L.
known
a
But
the
borealis.
Quercus
a
it to be
distinct
a
rubra
name
in
1819,
in
Q. borealis is acknowledged
There is
)
about
in
pentaphyllus
species Quercus borealis but Q. ambigua. MICHAUX described
X
DUR.,
is in itself invalid
balsamifera DUR., there is
DUR.
and
And
significance
now
if
namely
Sylva",
Q. rubra;
wish. So conscious
But
Ame-
which
Cf. the remarks
Acanthopanax
Populus
would be useful, for
Q.
Q.
plant,
of
possible.
borealis
instead of
in
name
common
rubra
interpretation,
legal
a
like
name
particular species; and if that
do, declares
therefore the
nally.
of
case
described
course, instead
give
or
question
American
North
declare it to be
the
of determination
rises
our
borealis MICHAUX.
F. A.MICHAUX
take
a
inops BONG., in
name, Quercus
Q.
has
)
Though,
as
DUROI
1
23b.
of
that
being unsatisfactory and keep the
as
if
the
error
in
thereby
moment but
one
could write Quercus rubra DUR. for
we
Here
for
Leiden:
Q. rubra.
our
put aside Q. rubra L.
we
Q. digitata, then
Herbarium
Rijks
doubts
nobody
and
Q. rubra;
our
's
DUR.;
he
MARSHALL
priority.
gives
as
who trans-
Q. borealis
a
variety,
so
and
the
Fig. 9.
Pl.
in
24.
Quercus
F. A. MICHAUX Histoire
1812,
Quercus,
foliis
sinuatis,
subscutellata;
Meded. R. H.
no.
56.
ambigua
ANDRÉ
des arbres forestiers
glabris,
glande
de
MICHAUX
l’Amerique septentrionale
sinubus
turgide
subacutis:
ovata.
cupula
II
Fig.
T.
18.
p.p.
Quercus
in
Med.
R. H.
no.
56.
castaneae
Catesby
Nat.
folio,
Hist,
10.
procera
of
arbor
Carolina
etc.
virginiana.
I
1731.
Pluk.
Alma,
Fig.
T.
LIV
fig. 3.
Quercus
in
Meded. R. H.
no.
56.
virginiana
Plukenet
11.
Castaneae
folio,
Phytographia
nostra
1691.
Ray
Hist,
append.
56.
No.
Iated in
of the
Dr. J. Valckenier Suringar, Personal
it
a
in
description
analogy
its
fil.).
Even the
of
species
does not
legal
fil.
(non
J. J.
to
of
sense
it
1812;
specific
SMITH
for
one
H. B.
nevertheless
we
to
on
is
(I
MICHX
ambigua
then the
name
quite the
same
sinuatis,
as
glabris,
glande turgide ovata".
put the
e.a.
is
“Q. foliis
name
name
acknowledge
Quercus rubra DUR.
K.),
bears
fruit:
ambigua”
name
LINNAEUS)
runs:
subscutellata;
cupula
to which it
Oak,
exact copy of Q.
an
give any explanation of his heading
erraticum. When
the
f.
MICHX
occur
trans-
the first
Grey Oak, Quercus ambigua.
(in the
name
Q. ambigua
sinubus subacutis;
How did it
drawing
is written:
English
the Scarlet Oak in its
to
founded the latin
too is
at the head
name
the
by the inhabitants Grey Oak, but
it does
as
13
application.
(MICHAUX'S) Q. ambigua;
botanists with the Red
foliage,
And the
1812; beneath
that
by
I have
resemblance
MICHAUX
f.
the
gives nearly literally
of his
finishes in this way: "It is called
has been confounded
this
but he
chapter "Grey Oak",
close
about
1819 MICHAUX'S work of 1812, put indeed this
lation of MICHAUX'S
alinea
ideas
it
be
read:
valid
a
for
J. J. SMITH
it is
borealis;
as
(non L.) and
must
borealis?
a
name
nomen
and
as
Q. ambigua MICHX
borealis
Quercus
J. J.
SMITH in MICHX fil.
The
the
bad,
changing of Q. rubra DUR.
changing of
if
L.,
balsamifera
in
his
so
we
answer
Populus
L.
also
P.
we
would,
MICH,
exist; but
to
just
more as
no
tacamahaca MILL.,
not be
he
of
as
have
we
opinion
Q. rubra L.
seen,
Q. digitata SUDW. and Q. falcata
inconvenient
an
can
places,
say
the
of
cross-exchanging
which
same,
I
so
Populus
as
rubra does remain with REHDER'S
sense
have again
this,
to
Q. borealis
did not continue
opinion;
the
into
DUR. into
Quercus
of that
"Manual" in
Through that
And in
balsamifera
rubra
Quercus
and execution
P.
wrote
MICH.
names.
respecting
balsamifera.
Another
cross-exchange of
names
in the genus
Quercus
found in SAR-
is
GENT'S "Manual" 2nd Ed. and in REHDER'S "Manual" of 1927: Q. Prinus
L. is
mon
identified with
of
opinion
Q.
Michauxii
LINNAEUS describes his
7.
Quercus
serratis;
Q.
Prinus.
foliis
is called
Q. Prinus (Sp. PL
obovatis
Q. foliis
denticulis rotundatis
castaneae
NUTT., while Q. Prinus L.,
European botanists,
uniformibus.
etc. CATESBY Car.
I. p.
1753 II
p.
utrinque
As
in
995)
synonyms
18 t. 18
en
in this
acuminatis
WILLDENOW describes
moreover
Q.
montana
albo-tomentosis grosse
altis. He adds: A
See
in
n.sp.,
Fig.
10,
dentatis,
this
etc.
manner:
sinuato-
LINNAEUS
gives
or
whitish
11.
Sp. PL Ed. IV 1805
in
com-
PLUK. Aim. 309 t. 54
fig. 3. "Habitat in America boreali". So, nothing is said of hairs
underside of the leaves.
the
montana WILLD.
Q.
way:
this
Q. foliis
Habitat
in
Q. Prinus
same
obovatis
Virg.,
acutis
Car.,
Q. Prino diversa, cui simillima, foliis subtus
in
L.;
subtus
montibus
tomento tenui
14
's
Mededeelingen
albo obductis,
porro
fructu
in
cum
duplo
Q. Michauxii
mentions neither
nus
L.
the
leaves
and
Q.
Q. Prino folia semper utrinque viridia
Q.
as
opinion
montana
Q.
NUTT.
of
WILLD.
and calls
KOEHNE
greenish
as
the
Q. Pri-
underside of
or
grey
"Sylva". REHDER describes the
too and that of
Q. Prinus
tomentose.
the best one; that of SCHNEIDER is very
that there is sufficient
see
Q. Prinus L.; and he
Q. bicolor
Q. Michauxii with white
in
greyish
as
to be
seems
tomentosa of
synonyms
as
in contrast to
I cannot
to it.
approximate
sint. Differt
Q. Michauxii. SCHNEIDER takes
nor
WILLD.
the leaf of
and REHDER'S
as var.
synonym
conforms to SARGENT
Q. Michauxii
DIPPEL'S
a
montana
montana
this
underside of
L. incl.
NUTT.
"± griinlich",
underside;
Leiden:
minore. Etc.
DIPPEL takes Q. montana WILLD.
has
Herbarium
Rijks
cross-exchange of
The
names.
reason
question
for SARGENT'S
be
must
taken
in
study.
No. 4. Alnus
glutinosa, vulgaris and rotundifolia.
valid
A
name
in
Before 1753 LINNAEUS took Alnus
had not yet
introduced trivial
α
is
Alnus
glutinosa andβ
Ed.
he made the first
X)
glutinosa
as
in
species
Here and
HILL is
his
there,
given
this
by
so
Alnus
Betula Alnus.
in
varieties,
two
in
1753). Later,
1759
species Betula glutinosa;
a
in REHDER'S "Manual" of
synonym
is
are
of
of
etc."
shrub of
also
we
namely
("Systema"
so
the
name
1759. GAERTNER put
write
we
of
and
objection,
used,
his
and
clammy; and
calls it Alnus
by
HILL
so our
made
our
is
is
the
Alnus
it
against
hold,
this
it,
1905 and HILL'S work
is
that in
"
species
follows
as
Alnus
vulgaris.
are
brown.
It
is
Alder;
and the synonym
Betula
Alnus α glutinosa.
satisfactory
a
in
description
be called Alnus
their
"British
name
published
runs
cones
must
name
because the
vulgaris
glossy and purplish. The
the
his
Alder
A.
rotundifolia glutinosa viridis.”
furnished with
common
give
to
name
Museum):
common
LINNAEUS
the
description
British
treegrowth. The bark
GRAY
will not
1756;
1927,
HILL describes this
glutinosa.
in the
recognize
given
name
FERNALD
1908. The
of Alnus
Mr. TANDY
and it is the oldest one;
Rules
period
1753 he put
separate genus Alnus; thereby
waters. C. BAUHIN
the
Hence,
names
a
In
names.
is confined to the
year
a
Herbal
description
of BAUHIN
HILL.
to
but in that
separate genus,
LINNAEUS
Plant.
(Spec.
large, roundish
are
common
a
from
naturally
leaves
In
as
,,British
(information
It is
again
in
species
by
variety
species-name
1791
a
paper.
GAERTN.
glutinosa
in
described
incana
as
(our species-)
under the genus Betula with the
Betula
invalid
an
Alnus
after
vulgaris
"New Manual" of
Herbal"
vulgaris
1753,
no
trivial
satisfies the
No.
Dr.
56.
deliberation is
International
Alnus
keep
list
specifica
later
stands
Gard.
Abridg.
under
HAYCK
the
legal
rejicienda"
than those
name
but
Betula,
in
uses
of HILL
Diet.
1771
about
the
is
to
is
it
put
to
on
a
A. glutinosa
name
Alnus
Gard Diet.
(1908) MILLER'S
rotundifolia
where
1768,
concerned
species
that
principle.
on
LINNAEUS,
in
Steyermark
or
15
application.
question,
name
question
and
the
the
favour of the
in
(not
where
Flora of
his
ideas
needed to settle
as
And it will be wise to treat this
GAERTN.
MILLER
HILL
vulgaris
of "nomina
A
Personal
J. Valckenier Suringar,
Alnus
forgotten).
are
name; but
it
is
non-legal.
No. 5a. Betula
alba, pendula,
Division
the
Nowadays,
species,
This
to which
has
name
and
thus,
is
e.g.
used;
the
the
so
B.
the
Birch,
forms,
Ribes
though,
not
we
pendula
legal
also
also,
so
nigrum
species
is called
name
aureum; here the
and
also
we
pendula",
have
var.
possibility
then
Betula
gave
pendula
the
Betula
there
is
expression
necessary?
no
for B. alba
that is
With
weepingpendula;
therewith meaning
is
named alba,
variety
aureum.
be called
more
worse
for varie-
as
varieties. So
following
name
LINNAEUS
species
species but only the overhanging
is then the shortened
far
confusion,
used
is
name
which is called
pendula,
cannot any
arise
well for
var.
species than that
in the nurseries.
variety
as
can
shall continue speaking of "Betula
species
Is the
and R.
aureum
it
there
aureum, which
by that speciesname
the whole
whole
B.
the whole
which
that
expressed exactly,
in another
appears at least
by the botanists for the
varieties, which appear
most
disadvantage
name
pubescens.
species.
a
is much used
pendula
belong the
when not
than with
ties,
name
of
and
verrucosa
var.
to say,
long
of
as
the
confusion;
pendula.
is
it
really
the
International Rules of Botanical Nomenclature?
(alba) foliis
ovatis
acuminatis serratis
(with oval,
acuminated, serrated leaves).
DUROI
diagnosis
"die
in
and
Next this
Harbkesche Wilde
added
nothing
to
Baumzucht"
of
1772, repeated
this
it.
species appear only B.
nana
and
some
American
species, beside
the Alder.
LINNAEUS
ROTH
1st
B.
hairs),
and
in their
species
in
DUROI
have
"Tentamen Florae
alba
foliis
together
our
two
ordinary
germanicae" T. I. 1788, gave
ovato-acuminatis,
ramis erectis striatis
dula, foliis
taken
birch
B. alba.
inciso-serratis,
scabris
two
species:
(with
rough
(with risen-up, stiff branches) and 2nd B. pen-
ovato-acuminatis,
inciso-serratis,
glabris
(bald) ramis flaccidis
pendulis (with weak hanging branches).
Here
we
recognize
our
two
ordinary
birch-species.
ROTH
represented
16
Mededeelingen 's Rijks
B. alba
L. synonym
entirely
namely
gave other
B. alba; he regarded
own
pubescens
B.
hairs).
Strobuli
B.
of
verrucosa
runs:
Ramuli
warts). Folia deltoidea, subacuminata,
B. pendula
thereby;
B. alba
give the
it
though,
conceals
B. alba
"Beitrage" VI 1791,
is
described
such:
as
cylindracei, pedunculati,
Then
has
verrucosi
full of
(twigs
(leaves bald).
nuda
duplicato-serrata,
ROTH'S
the
names
the
indisputably
it
is
synonyms
the
EHRH.
same
alba
p.p.
the
should be
verrucosa
is not
disadvantage
named;
the
used
in
his
B.
B. alba
"Manual" of
the
Concerning
honoured,
and does not
in
L.
legal
cosa) all
is,
B.
or
name
other
var.
verrucosa
)
few;
pubescens
in
as
but
has
being
these
the
remaining
tristis,
through
more
universally
the varieties,
characteristic
Though, ROTH'S
any varieties.
International discussion
be stated
ROTH
Youngii,
Corylus
AITON
most
other
belongs
varieties,
var.
treated
are still
editor.
with
favour of the
(pubescens)
rostrata
RHEDER
give
is
ROTH
confusion
of EHRHART is much
consequently,
No. 5b.
Corylus
so
chosen
do SILVA TAROUCA and
pendula
Betula
can
B. pendula ROTH be qualified
rejicienda"
fastigiata,
X
Joint
"Cyclo-
Committee has
name
one.
case
To Betula alba
BAILEY in his
as
Laubgeholze".
species,
name
into conflict
come
this
B. alba
"nomina
this
name
really the legal
will the
other
although
although the
Also
1927, just
in her "Standardized Plantnames"; and
SCHNEIDER in "Unsere Freiland
will
10);
pendula
of EHRHART
B. pubescens
name
EHRH.; the American
pedia" *) pubescens
is
later
for that, which
ambiguous.
REHDER
and
much used
that it is
of
which is in agreement
with the International Rules of Nomenclature (Cf. Tilia europaea in No.
but it had
as
ROTH'S
oldest;
Betula
represents
continues existing,
as
verrucosa
EHRH.
B. pubescens
are
that
advantage
ROTH
or
that Betula
accepted
that
and
DUROI
LINNAEUS,
generally
ROTH,
B. pendula
ROTH.
of
names
is
LINNAEUS, that this namethereby
or
as
pedunculati, squamarum lobis inaequalibus.
cylindracei,
does not
name
thus
inaequalibus.
description
Strobuli
in his
species
B. pubescens
verrucosa.
with soft
(twigs
squamarum lobis
to the two
names
and
B. pubescens
Ramuli
He
Leiden:
new.
EHRHART
The
his
to
Herbarium
in
of
as
etc.
as
(the
the
,
last two
put
on
a
list of
EHRH.?
var.
are
laciniata,
var.
pendulous forms).
cornuta.
Kewensis
III
the Dendrological articles,
co-operators. Therefore
or
necessary;
name? And
B. pendula (verru-
to
purpurea,
and
legal
such
verrucosa
urticifolia
var.
rostrata
Hortus
B.
name
var.
as
I have
1789, is
BAILEY
cited
universally
himself
in most cases
only
a
BAILEY,
No.
56.
J. Valckenier Suringar,
Dr.
acknowledged
as
species;
a
TAROUCA add to it
for identic
Though,
the
is
has
and
1785;
"Manual" of 1927 this
The
synonym.
in
already
cornuta DUR. HORT.
Harbkesche Wilde
DUROI'S ,,Die
treated
of
account
in the
name
REHDER
of C. rostrata
place
in
C. cornuta
that
his
has
„Arbustum
in
placed
his
AIT., this becoming
synonym.
It
is
curious
a
MARSHALL'S
thing that all
authorship;
grove
or
an
american
in
States";
without
according
Dr.
to the
on
the
"Arbustum
p. 37:
who
was
Corylus
can
branches,
or
four feet
or
KOEHNE
1810;
MILLER
gives
but
or
with
or
species,
known
kindly
cornuta. It
runs
size, seldom
nuts
and
single
growing
upon
the
into
lengthened
a
nuts.
it is
description, but
as
such,
as
take
at
really sufficient
that
to
distinguish
of which MARSHALL
period,
This
species, and
LOUDON:
authorship
not
FIL.
1788)
the
on
this
while
there);
caroliniana"
depends
does
of
MICHAUX
found
is
(„Flora
species
tbo;
(,,Arbres for."
KOCH,
as
DIPPEL
the author
of the
appreciation
take into account the European-
that of WALTER is in every
respect very meagre; they
follows:
MARSHALL,
Arbustum Americanum
American Hazelnut. This
grows very
spreading
which,
author
the
as
species
WALTER
that of MARSHALL
descriptions;
Asiatic
with
"Be-
of "des-
names
Corylus
in
smaller
embracing the
Corylus
no
C. americana.
run
expect
its
having
seedvessels
MARSHALL
regards
and SCHNEIDER
of
title is:
spoken
mentions C. americana.
REHDER
II
is
Cuckold-nut. This kind
or
except
and also
high;
horn, and closely
We cannot admire this
Filbert,
(C. americana),
their husks
and
the species from the other
only
natives of the
the Arnold Arboretum,
in
temporary
cornuta. Dwarf
much resembles the other
above three
point
american
descriptions.
BIJHOUWER,
on
the
there
etc.";so
English title you
description. The
shrubs,
German translation
Baume,
neglected
americanum, the
communicated to me, how MARSHALL mentions his
thus
REHDER
account of the
of forest trees and
alphabetical catalogue
United
criptions";
that is
runs:
schreibungderwildwachsenden
before
Dendrologists
perhaps
full title of MARSHALL'S work
as
far
it
by
its
grows
roots,
old,
is
and
(1785),
p.
common
in
rising
divided into
oval, pointed leaves, sawed
on
at
a
their
37:
a
rich, loose, moist, soil;
first with
few
“Corylus americana.
a
simple,
them, often
many
together,
erect
irregular branches,
edges. The Male katkins
duced at the ends of the branches, and the Female parts
2
and
Index Kewensis
mentioned.
not
on
17
application.
SCHNEIDER
DIPPEL,
STEUD.; STEUDELtoo takes C.
species
MARSHALL
americanum"
a
the
ideas about
KOCH,
as
with C. rostrata AIJ.; but
Baumzucht"
a
LOUDON,
C. cornuta HORT.
cornuta DuR.ex
gives: C.
Personal
at other times
a
little
stem,
cloathed
are
pro-
beneath
singly; and succeeded by seed-
18
's
Mededeelingen
roundish at
vessels,
expansion, parted
the
the
at
base,
Herbarium Leiden:
Rijks
lengthened
but
extremity;
each
into
out
containing
one
WALTER, Flora Caroliniana (1788), p. 236: “Corylus
The
of
because with
Viburnum
several other
species his authorship
Gleditschia
Prunus
aquatica,
campestris,foliacea,nitens
Again
An
even
U.
δ
the varieties
principal
and
americana,
procera;
divided
a
ephemeral
U. scabra,
campestris,
U.
glabra (syn.
the
pestris:
of
1
U.
change
of
species
E
is
sylvatica,
desirable.
again
latifolia
his
name
by
its
does
difference
not
U.
in
SOLANDER
campestris but
U. scabra
MILL.),
mentioned variety
is
said.
campestris; the remaining
together
U.
species
from U.
quite conform
as
Part
,,Laubholzkunde"
because the
in
(syn.
first
classed
generally
are
MILLER distinguishes
U. minor.
and
them
fungosa;
properly
SCHNEIDER in
as
glabra MILL.,
of
campestris
U.
campestris.
I, call
U.
cam-
L. is too wide and
this
campestris MILL. Though,
the
to
Rules
of Nomenclature
1905.
Moreover, the
HUDSON
name
2.
Nyssa
U. pedunculata and laevis.
contrary,
glabra
1789, unites
glabra MILL.),
SOLANDER
confusion
causes
Aes-
species.
vulgaris, β stricta, γ
a
one, the
Some botanists,
U.
accepted;
minima,
name.
Ulmus scabra has since been separated from U.
varieties
and
Corylus species
divide her into varieties. On the
AITON "Hortus Kewensis"
has
universally
is
gives Ulmus campestris beside U. americana and U. pumila; he
LINNAEUS
1768
surprising be-
more
alnifolium.
No. 6. Ulmus
in
the
Juglans Pecan, J. alba acuminata
International treatment of MARSHALL'S
does not
basi
nuce
neglect MARSHALL'S
REHDER,
cornuta and C. americana is
Corylus
octandra,
before
Dendrologists,
know f.i. from him:
culus
americana
duplicato-serratis."
fact, that all
authorship
we
nut".
gubincisis, foliis cordato-ovatis
magisderasa,stipulis lato-subulatis,obliquis
acuminatis
leafy, fringed
a
U.
glabra
Ulmus
foliis
"Flora
this
glabra
as
the
which
found to
Anglica"
manner
belong rather
Ed.
I.
(information
1762
from
duplicato-serratis
synonym
U.
folio
by SOLANDER,
in
our
the
basi
to
for
U. scabra;
U. scabra
British
the
by
Museum):
inaequalibus,
latissimo scabro
cortice
GERARDE
AITON Hort. Kew.
I,
p.
319,
U. scabra MILL.
HUDS.
is
therefore older
maintained in the older sense,
later date.
is
oblongo-ovatis
pi. 1481 (1633),
is identified
U.
in
in
glabra, with
glabro
Hist.
glabra
name
described
than
in stead of
U.
glabra MILL, and
U. scabra
MILL.,
that
must
be
is also
of
56. Dr.
HUDSON has
Though,
included
moreover
after
gives,
GERARDE
which
U.
part
his
U.
19
application.
glabra, beside
U.
our
scabra,
for
campestris AUCT. (U. glabra MILL.);
of RAY'S
Hist.
PI.
of Bot.
Journ.
well
as
a
SCHNEIDER
to
U.
he
/?
latissimo
folio
II. p.
1688,
1425/7,
I.
to
130 joins
1910, p. 65,
U.
to
as
scabro
folio glabro GERARDE I.e.,
("Laubholzkunde"
U. scabra
to
U.
synonym
further
(1633)
according
(fide SCHNEIDER)
in
mentioned
1481
AUCT.. LEY in
the
Personal ideas about
Suringar,
probably
of
already
pi.
with the aid
pestris
adds
the
Hist.
belongs,
1906),
Valckenier
J.
U.
No.
Nachtrag
U.
our
this,
in
cam-
for
he
glabra the synonym
glabra HUDS. p.p.
in
SOLANDER
under his U.
AIT.
of his
synonym
Kew.
campestris δ glabra
U.
with
joins
Flor.
identified
is
glabra
also
the synonyms
HUDS.
(RAY) and
GER., RAJ.
glabro
Hort.
by
U.
he
SCHNEIDER;
gives
MILL, and U.
glabra
folio
Angl., while HUDSON'S other
SOLANDER with
U. scabra
MILL.
(see above).
SCHNEIDER is
thereby
persuaded
U. scabra may be maintained.
beause
certain,
pestris,
in
campestris.
225.
The
and
variety
is
existence
U.
our
U.
(like
U.
campestris. So,
Cedrus
effusa SAL.,
of
variety
so
var.,
HUDSON has with his
only
basi
U.
glabra
Sp.pl.
folio
GERARDE.
and
too.
described
HUDS. had
only
U.
our
his U.
again drops
Concerning this double question ( Ulmus glabra and
The
U. campestris;
an
"Personal Ideas etc."
see
Ulmus
scabro
campestris
he
1.
cam-
lato
glabra principally
(1778)
U.
inaequalibus.
scabro
his
quite
not
our
Gardens):
Kew
folio angusto
But in the 2nd Ed. of his Flora
and leaves
the
U. vulgatissima
given:
type
But that is
distinguishes
and
glabra
U.
names
Nachtr.).
glabra,
from
U. minor
/?
var.
U.
duplicato-serratis
SOLANDER'S
is SOLANDER'S
Conclusion:
scabra.
ovatis
synonym
the
is
synonym
the /?
foliis
following
GERARDE;
first
(information
way
Ulmus
MILLER'S
I.
("Laubh."
beside his
HUDSON,
this
that
1
U.
glabra
ephemeral
no.
12).
Internatio-
scabra)
nal deliberation is again needed.
There is still
tioned,
beside
SCHNEIDER,
gives also
as a
to
minor,
in
species
BAILEY'S
but he identifies it with
(as synonym)
disappeared.
is
men-
Cyclopedia.
U.
campestris;
In his "Laubholzkunde"
only U. glabra (campestris) with U. nitens
(glabra),
of
U.
campestris
REHDER, synonym
SCHMIDT
U.
as
a
synonym and
variety's form. In the''Nachtrag'' he changes the speciesname
synonym
Ulmus
to
and
U. campestris has
name
U. campestris
A
GILIBERT of 1792. This
foliacea
campestris
foliacea,
SCHNEIDER has
minor
U.
who treated the Ulmaceae SARGENT'S "Plantae
Wilsonianae",
U.
thereby the
Ulmus
an
with
foliacea GIL.
var.
laevis
ot this
var.
japonica
is
MONCH.
to E. and
REHDER
H.,
and
is
There is
X
to
also
synonymous
BAILEY.
U.
(syn.
U. nitens MONCH
SPACH'1841 is, according
U. nitens
1868, which, according
U. campestris
the varieties laevis
nitens)
); SCHNEIDER thinks
ELWES
U.
to
into
and minor.
and
campestris
U. japonica
HENRY
var.
and
laevis
SARG.
and
Mededeelingen 's Rijks
20
better
U. foliacea
from
dates
HENRY
described
that is
1794,
than
("The
both
species
not
are
U. nitens MONCH
moreover
GIL.
U. foliacea
Trees of Great Britain and
with the remark that GILIBERT'S
Probably
U. nitens;
than
later
Herbarium Leiden:
Ireland") prefer
description of U. foliacea
the
name
is very
described
accurately
very
ELWES
Though,
&
nitens
imperfect.
it
and
should
be advisable to put them aside!
REHDER
(syn.
U. nitens
further in
"Manual" of 1927 still
Ulmus
concerning
names
in his
proceeds
he
campestris ;
it
divides
MONCH, U. glabra MILL.), U. procera
U. foliacea GIL.
into
SAL.
giving unused
(syn. U. campestris
MILL.), and U. minor MILL.
This
SALISBURY
Allerton
varieties
to
belong
has
of
U.
It is with this
campestris
If there is
U. foliacea.
campestris
>>
>>
>>
U.
older
into three
(after
the
this,
(resp.
P
>>
n
y
n
>>
>>
>>
I.
out
>>
REHDER)
name
procera
The
(or U. nitens
MONCH)
But
by REHDER resp.
an
agreement
L.
campestris
to the
species
latifolia.
the
be
must
names
equal
ELWES
will
s.s.
to
U.
of GILIBERT and
(1796);
angustifolia
MONCH
therefore
of the different forms of U.
be
taken in
be arrived
will be
are
they
HENRY.
&
at.
And it is
maintained;
cam-
International delibe
to
hoped
methinks that this
International Rules of nomenclature
first and
most
Ulmus laevis PALLAS 1784 has
variety laevis;
1784. In their
so
synopsis
(Cf. Tilia europaea
Sept.
And
avec
in
a
is
is
minority
to do with the above
FOUGEROUX
pedunculata
at
HENRY write
are
in "Histoire
Memoires etc.
note
nothing
synonym of U.
M. FOUGEROUX
published
les
a
ELWES and
Yet the
d'Orme par
1784",
1784,
it
of 1911 ASCHERSON and GRAEBNER write
does REHDER.
botanists do.
nouvelle espece
1787."
a
i ngustifolia.
10).
mentioned
annee
procera.
species constitute the whole U. campestris, then U. foliacea
U.
name
namely:
319
p.
>>
AUCT. and their denominations will
conforming
in No.
species,
1* P* 319
beration and that
er
which
for
reason
1792 and 1794) than those of SALISBURY
dropped
that the
l
Chapel
TANDY
Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. I.
those,
except
enough
campestris
latifolia of SALISBURY.
pestris
as
ad
from Mr.
that REHDER identifies
procera SAL.
It is very desirable that the grouping
is
a
SOL. in AIT. Hort. Kew. I. p. 319
REHDER
(GIL.)
are
(information
a
If these three
+
Horto
really right of existence.
SALISBURY divides U.
U.
U.
AUCT.
in
Stirpium
1796, p. 391
Museum): „Ulmus campestris
p.319.... Procera”.
all
"Prodromus
London
vigentium",
in the British
in
gives
the
end
of his
DE
pedunculata,
"Memoire
BOURDAROY,
de l'Acad.
tires des
U.
right; the
royale
Registres
U. laevis
sur
une
presente
des Sc.
de cette
paper FOUGEROUX
just
le
Paris,
academie,
has
added:
No.
56.
Dr.
Valckenier
J.
"Depuis la lecture de
la
desplantesde
le
plus
PALLAS is
il y
annonce
et le
Russie,
en
7.
a
and
case
the
publie la primiere
it is
21
application.
partie
l'Orme
est
"So the
name
of
pity because of the
a
in FOUGEROUX'S
paper.
M. japonica and bealii; M. Aquifolium
Aquifolium and nutkanus.
repens; Odostemon
particular
about
Ulmus laevis>
published before that of FOUGEROUX;
Mahonia and Odostemon;
A
ideas
l’Ulmus pedunculata
que
nomme
good description and illustration
No.
Personal
M. PALLAS
Memoire,
ce
Russie;
commun
Suringar,
of nomenclature and
an
orthographical question.
The Index Kewensis.
In his
stemon RAF.
259:
p.
propositum
This
is
beside
NUTTALL'S
The
name
of
from
In
the
amply
In
his
MAHON
of
of
a
was
Odostemon?
with
Odostemon,
gives
of
aquifolium
a
1910
in
on
1819,
a
that
is
after
name
me
a
ne
rejicienda";
IV 1913
as
p.
propos
RYD-
anywhere.
regarding these subjects
Arnold Arboretum in
on
legal
a
all
nutkanus,
America.
259 RAFINESQUE wrote:
PURSH, forment le
mal
jardinier qui
and
nervosus
to inform
B. nervosa,
Suppl.
Kewensis
of the
change
is the correct
the list of "nomina
LXXXIX 1819
et
un
enough
library
etc.
p. 211.
I,
name
Code.
aquifolium,
provided
le dediant
bon
ce
meritait
pas
genre Odostemon
nom
cet
en
1818
honneur.
en
Odo-
prevaloir.
vol
"Sylva"
was
a
political
VII
p.
86,
SARGENT
tells
that
us
BERNARD
well-connected, wealthy Irishman, who emigrated
to
reason
high standing.
dener's
PFEIFFER
I did not find the
.
stemon doit
Phys.
nervosae
Mahonia.
in the Index
kind
RAF. M.M. 1817 Nuttall
Mahonia,
put
species
Journal de Phys.
"Les Berberis
name
was
printed
is
BIJHOUWER
the
that
to the older
1817, another quotation
BERG'S 1906. For the rest
Dr.
et
1818 in Gen. americ.
precedence
fact,
Philadelphia
to the
Odostemon
i.a.
Odo-
says:
Journ.
aquifolii
the "Standardized Plantnames" Odostemon
to
nevertheless it
with
1819
191)
p.
Berberidis
typo
ex
name
the
introducing the
according
name
give
this
with
quotation
According
Mag.,
Monthly
gen.
Mahonia NUTTALL dates from
connected
the
nov.
PFEIFFER
p. 478,
Mahonia NUTTALL.
=
name
does PFEIFFER
Why
one
Americ.
(1817
LXXXIX,
The
II 1
"Nomenclator botanicus" part
In
Calendar",
editions and is
still
America, where he made friends
1809 he
began
published by
a
him
"one of the most
nursery;
in
1806,
with
on
MAC
account
Americans
while the "American Garwas
continued for several
comprehensive
and useful books
of
its class."
What do
we
read in the
Monthly Magazine of 1817? Nothing!,
Dr.
BIJ-
22
Mededeelingen
writes.
HOUWER
But
in
1818
RAFINESQUE of PURSH'S
(RAFINESQUE) addson
form
must
has
given the
name
a
stemon,
been
the
regarded
name
Art.
as
a
to
it
Odostemon
p.
The
two
a
our
Odo-
MAC MAHON did not
gardener
and this has
Missurica;
information! And
BIJHOUWER'S
Magazine of Febr. 1818
Monthly
name
already-known
Odostemon,
can
not be
though the
even
is mentioned.
species
are
apparently issued after February
wise RAFINESQUE would have mentioned NUTTALL'S
February number
on
which
to
the editor.
the patent
But
for the
in
As to the
appeared
According
(Rules
with
NUTTALL'S
"Genera"
1850), whilst the real
we
already
in
but
O.
usually
as var.
1906 Mahonia
conclude
is
1854
is
is
the
synonym
this
that
in
occurs
rare.
of M.
—
gardens,
FORT.
has
Gard.
his "Laubholz-
In
japonica; the leaves of
larger.
the
x
)
side of
gives O. nutkanus RYDB.
aquifolium RYDB.
a
from
( Berberis
Aquifolium
by
as
given
in
January?
japonica DEC.
the American RYDBERG,
his "Manual" REHDER
Aquifolium;
it
rounder, the terminal leaf
In Bull. Torr. Bot. Club
aquifolium by
as
d. Serr. X
has M. Bealii
kunde" SCHNEIDER still
are
M.
April 1818,
mentions
Maclura
name
Must
species, Mahonia japonica,
to be M. Bealii CARR. Fl.
variety
this,
Ioxylon
other-
Mahonia in the
name
the date 3
RAFINESQUE
the M. M. NUTTALL'S
name
is
to this
1818;
of NUTTALL'S "Genera" is
publication
contrast
(RAFINESQUE'S)
possessed
Chron.
of the M. M.
number of
January
of his
the
And in the fourth
discussion of NUTTALL'S
38).
NUTTALL'S "Genera"
he
nervosa
to which RAFINESQUE
Florula
Dr.
to
publication of the
with
B.
he
genus."
RAFINESQUE'S
the
by
which
to
192: "56 Mahonia NUTTALL is
name.
according
in
valid
a
on
published
reference
on
discussion
a
Aquifolium and
Berberis,
he writes in
(Jan. 1819)
plants",
the matter rests
never
Berberis
of Odostemon in Florula Missurica."
deserve the dedication of
So
find
we
septentrionalis",
Americae
different from
and better
previous
Leiden:
II, February)
p. 265: "250
volume of the "Magazine"
"Genera of N.-Am.
Herbarium
Rijks
(file
"Flora
genus quite
a
's
as
a
identified
is called Odostemon
an
O.
nutkanus.
In
synonym of Mahonia
by
him
with
Mahonia
repens.
Owing
to
incorrect
the
Odostemon RAF.
PURSH
in
question of
an
')
Fl.
(see above),
Am.
old
the
In
the
an
I
Sept.
generic
Aquifolium is only
with
old
way
we
the author of the
219
name;
must
folium TOURNEF., KOCH, etc.).
1814
writes
therefore
generic
genus Ilex; therefore
same
mentioning of the year, namely
name
we write
write
we
Index Kewensis 4th
Berberis
do
1817 behind
Aquifolium;
better
to
write
but
Achillea
there
Berberis
(of TOURNEFORT, SCOP, etc.)
Ilex Aquifolium
in
suppl.
is
no
aquifolia.
connection
L.
Millefolium,
but
Spiraea millefolia (Mille-
No.
has
56.
Dr.
as
In that 4th
same
species
readers
plant
who
same
adopt
the
This may be
the
themselves the
a
occur,
appear
take up
the
a
variable
base.
all
changes
was
names
were
of
difficulties; again
again,
and the
who
now
etc.!
catalogues,
and
Index
the old
keep
in
Herbaria and
are
be
names
there is
an
is
Kewensis
issued?
a
end
names, which
it would
doubtful;
very
n6t because
base,
it
is,
or
it;
to
a
then
our
it
gives the
rather was,
comprehensible,
quite
it after
permit
it may be said of both groups, that
and maintained the
Herbaria
if
name
best
an
first
published.
desire should be that
subjective standard.
would
names
have
only value it has
being invariable,
in-
etc.
general
That
impossibility; the Index would be drowned in a
again altered
viz. its
it is
but because
no
based
then and altered
copies of the Index and Supplements
Besides,
as
legal
aquifolium RYDB.
the names, which
every
as
if REHDER is
And
O.
ask, whether
the others
Index would lose the
Institutes,
many
volume, likewise
their labels,
to
though the
give certainty either, that
doing which, the changes of
to
possible),
corrected, be
however is
correction
two
chosen
would
it
adopted,
are
as
23
application.
names,
by persons,
supplement of the
but
neglected all changes of
If
legal
plants.
same
on
corrected
copy, in
one
even
So
the
in the Herbaria and Botanical Gardens which
itself;
is not
(that
NUTT.
opportunity
are
new
case
Kewensis
the
from those used
deal of time.
great
Index
names
of
to
names
luxury of buying
and work them into
as
the first
catalogues of seeds, etc.,
Kewensis,
when
necessary,
Berberis in
M. aquifolium
in
given
are
RYDBERG'S names, give sub
different
Gardens,
Index
about
names.
names
Index Kewensis does not
should like to take this
Botanical
if
seeds
and write
names
on
the
give
or
specific
given under
are
ideas
instead of Mahonia and taken RYDBERG'S
name
suppl. RYDBERG'S
right, those,
I
this
Personal
Suringar,
base of the
a
In this
the
way
names.
a
Valckenier
probably chosen
publication
its
J.
to
be
sea
changed
at this moment for
be it inclusive of many
erroneous
names.
Cf. also
No. 8.
No. 25, 26
(Azalea- species).
Magnolia denudata, purpurea, discolor,
Yulan,
and
conspicua
A
We
are
denudata;
cross-exchange of
accustomed to call
besides,
shaped,
In
cream
his
M.
men
names.
conspicua
M.
BAILEY
started
denudata, and Magnolia
or
a
M.
hypoleuca
M.
precia;
with bowl-
large leaves.
calling
Magnolia
denudata
liliflora. The Joint Committee does
discolor of the nurseries
of the nurseries:
and botanists know
coloured flowers and with very
"Cyclopedia"
conspicua):
vata):
practical
or
precia,
hypoleuca and obovata.
Magnolia purpurea
officially M. denudata; M. Yulan
both
obovata and
liliflora; M.
M.
precia
(purpurea,
not go
so
far
(Yulan,
discolor,
obo-
in the "Standard-
24
Mededeelingen
ized
side M.
in
his
"Manual" of
of M.
existing
If
American,
We
and
shall
In
his
to
to the
the
use
purpose
by
LAMARCK
Of LAMARCK'S
is
Magnolia denudata
to offer
name
M.
M. discolor
in Bot.
again
THUNBERG:
original
Ill
vol.
of
obovata.
in both
besides,
sense;
calyx
M.
and
The
species
londinensis"
BURY
was
the
Fl.
supplement
of his
so
with
gradually
l
)
5
cms.,
M. tomentosa
LINDL.
I
rouges";
calyx
a
1802/3
synonym),
a
by
is not
plant, which
same
by
was
CURTIS
WILLDENOW and
of VENTENAT and of
as
in the
having
a
European
trisepalous
In
is
=
our
name
Kobus.
purpurea
of
synonyms
(viz.
in
our
Though SALISGardens", yet
on
pink;
Kobus
being
comparison with M. purpurea),
their outside
both sides
plate the petals
inside
are
(1794) p. 365 *),
M. purpurea, the main point
vanishing
M.
As
gracilis.
Linn. Transact. T. 2
the coloured
p.p.
by SALISBURY in "The Paradisus
pale purple with
wine-coloured,
THUNB.
as
(1813).
give the essential points:
(purpurea, etc.)
from M.
broad"
Petals 6,
white".
describes
"Encyclopedic"
purpurea and
KAEMPFER'S
species
dark,
1^—L|:
LAMARCK
de la Malmaison"
Magnolia
name
"calyx 3-phyllus
last is almost
M.
described
and
corresponds
colour
justified;
descriptions.
time.
the flower is described
the
the statement: "leaves not
but the
an
Yulan, which
M. denudata
also
jap.
"a distinct
description
such
corolla.
1806 under
THUNB.
writes:
M.
"Histoire des
mentioned M. tomentosa THUNB. in
M. glauca
to
are
names
1789,
The coloured illustrations
our
tripetalous
a
same
is
In his
No. 390:
cases
alarming thing;
1809 DESFONTAINES adds M.
i.a. M. denudata LAM.
(with
name; but
plant which
supplement he writes that this is the
1797 sub
other
(obovata)
of
changes
the
to
"arbrisseau" with "fleurs
an
undeniably give
CURTIS
M. obo-
grower; and he gives
or
M. denudata
liliflora for the first
in the
XI
Mag.
Magnolia
liliflora.
by VENTENAT in his splendid work "Jardin
called
has
plant which the European calls M. hypoleuca.
descriptions of the three species
mentioned. In the
by
American, who abides
denudata to the
Methodique"
and M.
an
that is the
European botanist
whether those
Arbres et arbrisseaux etc."
adopted
he
by their side
getting
confusion. An
Magnolia
an
turn
we
"Encyclopedic
Magnolia denudata
is
but
the other hand
on
BAILEY;
meaning;
causes
wishes
consider
now
for that
a
name
grower
he should
different
names
according
European
an
the
gives
M. obovata
name
than
BAILEY'S sense; and
three species
only
getting
names
precia (Yulan)
BAILEY'S sense,
REHDER
sense.
farther
goes
in
liliflora
European
Leiden:
hypoleuca.
cross-exchange of
by REHDER,
the
1927
have therefore not
every
Herbarium
Rijks
Magnolia
M. denudata both in
vata instead
We
has
in the
conspicua
liliflora and
two
it
Plantnames";
its
's
DC,
green
p.p.
=
till
are
calyx.
exceedingly
the inside at
rather
narrow.
KOEHNE
Edgeworthia
and
chrysantha
No.
56.
SCHNEIDER
in
his
regard it
"Manual" of
account of
on
J. Valckenier Suringar,
Dr.
the
which
datahere too
a
as
about
of
variety
a
his
is likewise
described
"paraissent beaucoup
25
etc.), REHDER
M. liliflora
(our
denudata)
purple flowers.
but with
"arbrisseau",
as
application.
the
(obovata
leaves and smaller dark
narrower
„fleurs
M. denu-
plus grandes que dans le
is not mentioned.
calyx
M. denudata LAM.
So,
ideas
synonym of M. denudata
a
1927
Magnolia liliflora
blanches",
as
Personal
is
certainly
our
Magnolia purpurea
s.c.
or
discolor.
In the second edition of DUHAMEL'S "Traite des arbres et arbustes etc."
in the second
(1801 —'19),
coloured
yet flowered in
France.
China under the
name
because
the
the
doubtlessly
In
a
36
plant
same
of
Yulan DESF.
d'un calice
DA
the
species had
given it the
foliage
name
or
DUH.
LAM.
liliflora
,,son
droit
tronc est
ont la blancheur du Lis.
mentions
LAMARCK
1813,
1
Corolle de 5
4 folioles concaves". "Cette belle
espece
a
not
VENTENAT
(cf.
24). This M. precia CORREA
( M. precia DUH.);
(with
vegetatively
of
among missionaries
SERRA had
"Encyclopedic"
the
pieds". "Les fleurs
entoures
M.
as
time the
known
before
appear
No.
been described
by that
already
was
note with
a
supplement
the
Magnolia
30
flowers
in
has
Yulan; and CORREA
,
"Jard.deMalm.",
is
But it
M. discolor
by the side of
(1804),
M. precia
a
it is added that
(i.a. height 30—40 feet);
precia
volume
flowering branch),
); hauteur
a
se
6
petales,
rapproche
du M. denudata”.
This
description is
pean sense;
the
calyx
The
the
Magnolia
name
M. liliflora
A fourth name, M.
sidered until
description
the
is
3 exterioribus
So,
precia and M. denudata
the form of
a
in the Euro-
tree indicate M.
precia,
M. denudata.
name
the inner
mixture of M.
a
the white flowers and
Yulan DESF. therefore is at
any rate
is
older and
conspicua
names
SAL.
i.a.
"calyx
vix minoribus"
6)....
LAM.
is
are
nullus"
the
legal
(no
precia.
con-
unsatisfactory;
its
"petalis 9,
calyx);
outer 3
(petals 9, the
white". With
"petals
M. liliflora
precia
M.
is not to be
1806)
deemed
rejectable; but
than
legal
more
London
(Parad.
and
liliflora
excellent,
therefore
scarcely smaller
than
coloured illustration.
for
name
our
M. Yulan
(conspicua,
precia).
Next
we
have
Magnolia obovata. THUNBERG
DENOW
in
reticulatis;
Folia..
is
our
M.
J
)
Sp.pl.
1805):
this does not
M.
(obovata) foliis
bring
us
any
Magnolia
for
hypoleuca,
the
DESFONTAINES
name
also
writes
which
M.
is
arboreo"
must
more
(fide
WILL-
parallelo-nervis
longer description
decimeter to
a
therefore
hypoleuca
„caule
obovatis subtus
further. The
palmaria usque pedalia (leaves
obovata,
the first to describe it in
was
Lond. 2. 1794, p. 336; he describes it thus
Transact. Linn. Soc.
a
foot
long). That
really bear the
recent
(tree-shaped).
runs:
(originating
name
with
26
Mededeelingen
SIEBOLD and
started
In his
ZUCCARINI).
that is the
M.
purpurea CURTIS;
diagnosis
from the six
purpureis;
moreover
3
possesses
it
petals
M. liliflora
tained
in
the
should, alas,
this
follows
slaves
to
but that
of
our
be
to
WILLD.
(non
deliberation is
Rules of Nomenclature and
rejected.
I
about which
LAM.,
deliberation and agreement
we
But such
Stewartia is
STEWART,
a
extus
which
species
can
seq.).
desired;
banish
hypoleuca
M.
aut
our
we
are
names
deviation of the Rules
a
the
interpretation
REHDER,
be
be main-
no
to
a
may
of M.
International
required.
Stuartia and Stewartia.
in
of LINNAEUS
name
one
likewise
nec
also
do not agree with
are
No. 9.
Mr.
the
Besides,
purpurea.
only be sanctioned by the botanists jointly. And on
denudata
is
this
Magnolia".
petalis
M. denudata may
name
discolor,
M.
our
International
list of speciesnames
that
with
precia (Yulan, conspicua) should
the
be called M. obovata THUNB.
subject
hexapetalis,
floribus
it
identifying
he calls it "Rothe
sepals.
LAM.;
sense
and
wrongly
why
reason
(purpurea)
conclusion therefore is, that M.
Our
called:
On
M.
runs:
Leiden:
"Species plantarum" of 1805 WILLDENOW
THUNBERG'S species
interpreting
CURTIS'
Herbarium
Rijks
's
the year
in
1741, given
of his "Promotores Botanices"; in his
honour of
Species Plantarum
1753 he describes Stewartia Malacodendron(genus Malachodendron MITCHELL
Ill
1748); CATESBY (Car.
in
13) gave
1743 the
name
Stuartia instead of
Stewartia
CAVANILLES
1788 divided it into
in
dendron; ENDLICHER made
name
table
in
so
10.
Tilia
name
LINNAEUS knew in
The
name
which
was
an
1737
U.
used,
f.i.
name
PRANTL
in his
valid,
old
when
"Vege-
an
Tilia
a
description
by
him
Tilia;
a
Natiirlichen
since then
find
we
it
Stewartia is the correct
"Laubgeholze";
International
americana
species
is
Congress.
and
glabra.
divided?
sufficient?
(Hortus Cliffortianus) only
called
"Die
in TAROUCA'S
Stewartia at
platyphyllos;
remain
is
ENGLER
the genus Stewartia;
europaea and
a
When
N.-Europe,
keeps that
and REHDER'S works.
to fix the
good
Does
*)
calls
Stuartia is still much
it will be
No.
again
BAILEY, SCHNEIDER
name; but
in
1895, SZYSZYLOWICZ
Pflanzenfamilien",
also in
Malachogenera, Stewartia and
of 1847. LOUDON, KOCH, DIPPEL all have Stuartia.
Kingdom"
in
two
1840 two sections of them, with the genus-
of Stuartia; and LINDLEY
common
Then,
in
one
speciesname
family-name is written STEWART, STEUART and STUART.
species, that of
(phrase)
was
in
No.
such
a
56.
Dr.
In
and
needed;
not
case
vented.
1753
LINNAEUS
trivial
knew,
he called them with
America;
Personal
J. Valckenier Suringar,
the,
ideas
about
(our species)
beside
the
in that
the
names
not
were
European
species,
in-
yet
from
one
introduced, trivial
year
27
application.
names,
T. europaea and T. americana.
With 7. europaea he
platyphyllos
moreover,
(T. cordata
The
SCOP.),
as
var.
This
ought
to
femina folio minore BAUH.,
(7.
but
T. femina folio majore BAUH.,
small-leaved Lime
our
Tilia
runs:
floribus
(Tilia with flowers without honey petals).
is
keep
for
sufficient
the
description
Tilia species
Pinus
Lime
large-leaved
our
MILL.).
description
that
by
the synonym
phrase (Linnean speciesname) of T. europaea L.
nectariis destitutis
so we
Tilia
γ
first of all
understood
with
nowadays
without
the rules of LINNAEUS;
the time and
of T.
europaea
name
cannot
honey petals. Cf.
be
the
valid, though
as
from
distinguished
Introductory
species
the
other
in P. 1. 1,
case
1,
no.
halepensis.
And even, when the
remains
for
legal
a
is divided into more, the
species
of the
part
T. europaea
name
original species, conforming
to art. 45 and 47
of the International Rules of Nomenclature.
Art. 45
must be
Art. 47
the
When
runs:
a
genus
kept and given
same
runs:
When
nature, if
earlier than the
a
one
other,
our
group
is
divided into two
of the
is
of the two
forms
are
not
name
ahead,
is
Lime
large-leaved
our
mentioned synonym and
must
species,
for he gives
according
that the
as
a
synonym BAUHIN'S
ELWES
to
HENRY in
&
large-leaved
"Harbkesche Wilde
Lime.
is
according
clature. But in 1772
ulmifolia
In
manner
part of it.
In
and
T.
Monographie
(1799); printed
in
the
by
above
into two
species, i.e. T.
our
euro-
small-leaved Lime,
T. femina folio minore, and mentions,
Trees of Great Britain and
„the
DUROI
England.
repeated
name
to art. 47 of
Ireland",
So his T. europaea
MILLER'S
europaea for part of the
our
in
names
his
Scopoli gave,
in
platyphyllos.
Later
du
M6m.
genre
de
Tilleul
L'lnst.
nat.
par
des
original
T.
euro-
present International Rules of Nomenhis
„Flora carniolica" ed. 2, the
on
EHRHART
parvifolia and grandifolia. Finally VENTENAT
*)
for
Baumzucht".
The maintainance of the
T.
sufficient
shown
is
as
means
in several
parts of
grows wild
species
our
paea L.,
a
remain
variety.
and T. cordata. With T. cordata he
s.s.
means
described
or
for that form.
MILLER, in Diet. 1768, divides T. europaea L.
paea
groups of
or more
distinguished
was
perfect, they indicate in
divided, the
genera, the name
more
divided into two
is retained
name
or
principal divisions
the principal part of T. europaea L., the part too, which LINNAEUS
case
put
a
is
one
species
the
Though these articles
that, when
to
le
x
proposed the
et
names
) called them T. microphylla
citoyen VENTENAT,
Sc.
names
Arts, CI. des
sc.
lu
le
11
n6vrose
Math, et
Phys.,
An
T.
8
IV
28
Mededeelingen
and T.
must be
distinctes soit
Europe,
en
d europaea et d' americana
nent lieu
1'Europe
de
ou
it; according
expresses
If
one
Amerique, il
en
peuvent
ne
our
right
the
in
land of origin
Scopoli,
wishes
to
GRON. (Tilia with
PLUK.
maintain this
confusion,
was
little
too
LINNAEUS
gives
runs:
with
supplied
Tilia
as
large
glabrous leaves).
but
VENTENAT
common; and the
Unfortunately
as
and
so
this
following
that
amplissimis glabris foliis,nostrati
I.e.
contains
it
re-baptized
name
is
now
in
taken up
424) that LINNAEUS'
T. americana L.
his
other American
speciesname (phrase) and his syno-
the
the
is
as
very
Lime;
T.
is
no
del
question
in
neglecta
is
and
to
SARGENT,
in
Vol.
description.
II
there
by
CLAYTON.
that KALM found and
the country, which he visited,
and
of
specimen
T.
heterophylla)
were
all in CLAYTON'S
T. americana
in
more
region.
LINNAEUS'
VENTENAT, who gives
acknowledged by SARGENT and REH-
glabrous Lime, identified
NUTTALL, DECANDOLLE,
from VENTENAT;
genero Tilo,
the oldest
improbable
remains unsettled. But
T. americana;
name
collected
plants
is not known to grow at
species
there
it
glabrous
known
(1802). According
"Monografia
must
SARGENT.
glabra and whose T. glabra
only took the
XI
with
to be doubtless the northern
with LINNAEUS'
An.
name
1927.
had described
species (now
the name
name
honeypetals). The species
divided,
authors with
described the northern
DER
it
floribus nectariis
and
distinguishable;
writes
SARGENT
herbary,
to
GRONOVIUS and PLUKENET. KALM had travelled in America
GRONOVIUS
other
by the
Linnaeus'
legally,
name
Tilia
very
not
be meant,
nyms: KALM,
Now
though
which however is
and
large leaves)
in his Manual of
species might
and
according
valid
specifica rejicienda".
REHDER joins with SARGENT (in Bot.Gaz.66, 191 8,
p.
species
is
substituted
generally
for the above mentioned reason; and this
by REHDER
is
de
by the synonyms Tilia foliis majoribus mucronatis
( Tilia with
americana
glabra
acted
ever
speciesname
a
to avoid
probably
list of "nomina
further determinated
Tilia
don-
point originaires
sont
(f.i. Azalea indica).
T. europaea is
name
instructis KALM ( Tilia with flowers
T.
even
phrase of LINNAEUS' Tilia americana
similis
noms
puisqu'ils
conserves,
ne
especes
que les
necessary.
on a
The
is
etre
pas
plusieurs
evident
est
itself, nobody has
Rules
present
incorrect
platyphyllos
at all
dropped:
soit
T. europaea
names
existe
1'Amerique".
to
an
Though,
be put
Leiden:
"comme il
de supposer que les autres especes
This motive may be
not
Herbarium
Rijks
platyphyllos. VENTENAT writes that LINNAEUS'
and T. americana
T.
's
priority
there
is
a
of "Anales
was
not
his T.
taken
yet much
into
the
title
Spanish translation with
de
glabra
HOOKER etc.
Historia
Natural", (1800). So
No.
56.
consideration
the
case;
every
as
soon
the oldest
being
as
LINNAEUS'
as
speciesname
only other
then known
Moreover
LINNAEUS'
long
americana
species;
be
may
more was
maintained.
name, viz.
generic
But
his
Mem.
Par.
PONGELION,
1786
and
two
are
rejected by
In
one
1783
Adv.
we
ADANSON in
and is
was
Montpellier
But
to.
1763)
was
1786
(Mem.
Soc.
for
placed
name.
expected.
So
glabrous
the
name
of
Congress
Nat. Cherb.
describe flowers and does not mention
(1789) p. 265
older
generic
glands
on
t.
quite
names
of Vienna. How
z
Rhus
a
their
in
glandulosa;
But
do
)
described
38,
a
PON-
name
names?
8.)
names,
the list of
on
vol.
reason.
specific
should have
specific
Ailanthus
our
Sci.
and THELLUNG call it A. Cacodendron for that
not
may
from the
northern
EHRHART
(Beitr. Ill)
taken
it
the
Congress
to those two older
(Hann. Mag.) and
it
used
International Botanic
the
stand with respect
Cacodendron;
Fl.
from the
(originating with
matters
in
name
personal
species.
properly speaking
GELION
it
be
International
an
different
to be
nor
the
clearly
viz. Cacodendron and altissima;
name
swamp of
glandulosa, Cacodendron and altissima.
glandulosa DESF. (in
older
the oldest
to
distinguish
to
not needed
indicate
An uncertain
an
opinion that
is my
in the
get
misunderstanding with
No. 11a. Ailanthus
has
possible
as
we
altogether
or
decide about it.
must
Ailanthus
And it
one.
is sufficient
(phrase)
synonyms
Lime. There cannot arise
Nomenclature
as
deviate from it,
we
nearly all
have
is risked.
ideas, and unity
Tilia
Later authors
period.
for sake of unity, stick
must,
we
in that
T. americana
name
29
J. Valckenier Suringar, Personal ideas about the application.
Dr.
1912)
SCHINZ
EHRHART
does
the leaflets; the iden-
tification is therefore uncertain.
In
1768
MILLER
described
a
Toxicodendron altissimum;
BEISSNER
by
and in the "Index Kewensis" it is taken for Rhus succedanea L.; this Rh.
succedanea is
In
was
closely related
reckoned to
In
to
Rh. Vernix.
DESFONTAINE'S time the tree, which he called
belong
de
"Memoires
to Rhus succedanea
mathematique
1'Academie royale des sciences
which
were
printed
in
DESFONTAINES writes
belong
*)
2
)
1796
nouvel
,
This
A
arbre
name is
more
derived
recent,
(Syst. Veget.
I
p.
nous
from the
therefore
726).
physique
to
paper, titled "Un
glandulosa, l'Ailanthe glanduleux. Here
„Le
de
le
des registres
de
l'A.r.d.sc.),
l'Annee 1786 of the
Academie,
d'arbre. Ailanthus
genre
read:
possedons
native
tires
with "Histoire de
nouveau
we
depuis longtemps
name Ailantho
certainly illegal,
glandulosa,
L.
(bound together
1789 but
a
et
Ailanthus
name
is:
dans
nos
(fide KOCH).
Ailanthus
Pongelion
GMEL.
30
's
Mededeelingen
jardins. II avait
ete
"
fructification
whole
pris, jusqu'a
succedanea L
le Rhus
par
qu'on n'en avait pas
read i.a.:
we
a
„folioles
branch and
flowering
a
encore
detailed
voit
on
quelques dents obtuses, glanduleuses
tration of
Leiden:
jour, par la plupart des botanistes pour
ce
ce
Next, DESFONTAINES gives
plant, in which
leur base,
Herbarium
Rijks
distinctly
la
the
description of
lateralement,
dessous;
en
flower-details
observe
vers
"An illusrepresents
our
Tree of Heaven.
In other works than the above-mentioned I did not find MILLER'S
species
(T. altissimum) mentioned, though other Toxicodendron species of
are
mentioned in them. SWINGLE
Toxicodendron altissimum MILLER
Ac. Sc.
VI 1926, p.
REHDER
At my
LER'S
490);
adopts that
name
description
me; it
to
whose lobes
which
not
it
is
are
hardy enough
Diet. Ed.
VIII.
to
the
identify
name
fit
a
to
which fit
lobes,
live
so we
in the
suckers
as a
it with
open
sent
Vitis
air in
from
out
Hort.
Dendr.
a
Kaempferi.
lesser
SIEBOLD
that
parted
and
ZUCCARINI
V. ficifolia
leaves.
every
loss where to
winter.
This
the roots".
as
this
has
place it, but
propagates
(MILLER.
fast
Gard.
BUNGE
only
Beside
this
I cannot find
any
a
required.
name.
degree,
is
Vitis Labrusca THUNBERG
that
species
form
write
of
he
has
Z.
1830
in Abh.
Bayr.
their
u.
name
Dendrologicus
Hortus
THUNBERG'S species
themselves
is
rest
species.
V. ficifolia β Thunbergii (V. Thunbergii S.
*)
came
leaves, each leaf having
in connection with it the
1853;
of bare names; and KOCH puts
198,
on
Coignetiae and Kaempferi.
Jap. 1784 (non LINN.), and
V.
a
sort
glandulosa either. Here again, with regard
ephemeral
An other uncertain name, in
his
at
no
Amoen. 794.
many branches
International deliberation is
An
under
Kaempf.
The tenth
out
Fasi
the foot-stalks.
close to the midrib;
are
An uncertain
feri
to
poison-tree with winged
poison-tree; and also for the
Ailanthus
of this species,
KOCH in
close
large size, sending
England,
No. 11 b.
in Fl.
forwarded MIL-
"10. Toxicodendron (altissimum)
leaves
narrow
n.c.
1768).
So it is described
to
in
the many
enough by
follows:
and
Wash.
1927.
garnished with very long winged
produced flowers
cause
"Manual" of
as
pointed,
fifteen pair of
or
runs
Vernice tree with
spurious
fourteen
accordingly
in his
glandulosa DESF. (see
he calls it Ailanthus altissima
spuria, sylvestris angustifolia.
from China. This grows to
side,
Ailanthus
lobis acuminatis. The tallest
are
Ki. Arbor Vernicifera
The
=
request the Director of the Kew Gardens kindly
foliis pinnatis sessilibus,
leaves,
and
MILLER
suddenly puts forward the identification
V.
Kaemp-
gives
name as a
a
list
synonym
V. Labrusca L.and
1
)).
Ak.
Wiss.
IV 2
1846, p.
V. Thunbergii, distinguished by
less
No.
56.
Dr.
THUNBERG'S
lobis
Coignetiae;
to be
an
31, REHDER
KOCH
himself
other species than his
feri KOCH
V.
=
V.
in
cordatis subtri-
foliis
runs:
1883
of the Arnold
Journal
V.
or
species only
S.
Thunbergii
ferrugineo-tomentosa apply
thinks,
as
V.
above,
seen
31
application.
the
that THUNBERG'S
writes
u.
more
Z.
to
Thunbergii
Kaempferi. So, REHDER puts V. Kaemp-
PULL, and
Coignetiae
about
Now,
PLANCHON
subtriloba and subtus
and
ideas
V. Labrusca
tomentosis.
PULLIARD in
Coignetiae
the folia
1830;
V.
V.
be
ferrugineo
1926 p.
Personal
Suringar,
of his
description
dentatis subtus
Arboretum VI 1
can
Valckenier
J.
to this
gives
KOCH'S older
species
name.
In
this
opinion
my
THUNBERG'S
upon
I.
T.
V.
does
1869,
is
later described
a
No.
DESFONTAINES
Nat."
the
1804
same
only
more
11c. Ceanothus
in
gives
with
found without any
Hort.
Regii Paris")
Mexico and
C.
azureus
description;
as
THUNBERG'S
KOCH
Kaempferi
separated, uncertain
a
one.
and coeruleus.
azureus
diagnoses
„Tableau",
description;
1829,
to
given. Thereupon,
are
the new
and in
the
name
the author's
mentioned with
meanwhile the species
was
also
(,,Cat. Plant.
is added the habitat
azureus
name
the 2nd
in
Ceanothus azureus
name
the third edition
C.
"
et Arbrisseaux
in
Prodr.
DESF. and with
published
II
KER'S
in
1825
short
a
Bot.
IV 1818.
Reg.,
from
Independently
plantarum
Species
(published
as
this
C. azureus,
quae aut
novae
to his
Appendix
azureus
tion the
The
DESF..
species.
sunt
KOCH, KOEHNE,
by
of LAGASCA
aut
runs
described in
nondum recte
"
LOUDON
and
,,Genera
as
et
cognoscuntur"
separately),
and DIPPEL
as
in
a
SCHNEIDER and TAROUCA do
BAILEY too retains C.
description
LAGASCA
,,Elenchus
Ceanothus coeruleus, which is treated
of C.
keep it
identify
only
Dendrology,
nor
V.
reference to DECANDOLLE'S Prodromus;
a
is
to
Kaempferi
,,Hist. des Arbres
in
1809,
short
of
relying
„Tableau de l'ecole de bot. du Museum d'Hist.
edition of the above mentioned
is
to
not
speciesname
that KOCH in his
V.
own
reason
species, but
names; in
names
his
mention
not
Labrusca, may be the
with
KOCH'S
premature,
description; and the fact
1818
a
synonym
not men-
azureus.
follows:
Ceanothus
caeruleus, foliis
oblongis subcordatis serraiis, subtus tomentosis, racemis compositis pedunculatis.
Habitat in Nova
The
put
identity
in the first
DESF.
as a
Hispania.
of the two species
place
synonym.
the
name
Semina missit
taken
as
D.SESSE.
granted,
REHDER has
C. coeruleus LAG., with the
name
C.
rightly
azureus
32
Mededeelingen
12.
No.
names, which
tions, that
Herbarium Leiden:
Rijks
formosa, Sieboldii and
Lespedeza
florum.
Are
's
Exochorda
rely
on
a
and
grandiflora
invalid,
become
which
or
they
cannot
have
uncertain
species?
Lespedeza formosa KOEHNE and REHDER (L. Sieboldii MIQ.,
Desmodium
DIPP.,
which
clusters
writes the
in
Ann.
8—20
are
long
cms
L.
B.
Ill,
much
the
longer than
II
lands Plantentuin"
times the
the
to
I—2
are
leaves
IV
inches
CHAMPION
clusters, which
this
measures,
Finally,
Suppl.
are
I
OUDEMANS
II,
are
description,
1852, p. 47)
equally
racemis
according
tjie
to
folia
can
never
somewhat
measures
Judging from
of SCHNEIDER'S
the whole
and
so
this
the
name
legal
A third
conception
*)
(in
is
our
=
are
Act.
Nov.
provided
an
the
equal
(with
J—1|
Nat. Cur.
XIX
with clusters, which
But the
petiole
inch, the terminal leaflet up
lenght of the leaf
certainly
inch
longi",
is
about
i.e. 2—4
with the leaves is
two
cms
at
inches
long.
is
to
or
The
variance with
be much.
never
formosum
L. Sieboldii MIQ.
plant, and Lespedeza
Then
again
Read:
is the
one
viatorum CHAMP, is
Desmodium
viatorum, of
mosa
for
not
of about
much.
amount to
that Desmodium
conception
(in
to be said in favour
VOGEL
Then the
=
name
Lespedeza
L. Sieboldii
viatorum obtains the
species-
formosa!
Lespedeza
mosa.
one
will
CHAMP,
longioribusve
character, there is, therefore, much
viatorum CHAMP, and
is
3
flower-clusters
longer, whilst
folio longioribus).
longer than
find "racemi
we
sometimes
aequantibus
formosum
greater length of the clusters compared
those
—
viatorum
Lespedeza
author VOGEL
Desmodium
inch; accordingly,
5 cms; while
represents
them with 2
longer than the leaves); considering the given
or
greater length
being
name
in "Neer-
they stand;
Clusters and leaves therefore
writes:
1843, p. 29),
as
specific
"longi" (long),
as
the other hand has
on
longer than the leaves (iracemis....
given
an
in the axils of which
(i.e. 2|—5 cms) long,
inches.
1£—2£
are
length;
clusters
flower-
"longissimi" (very long). The clusters
as
plate
original
HOOKER, Kew Journal
which
leaves,
1866
the
racemosa
has
SCHNEIDER
REHDER;
to
L.
of the leaf.
lenght
According
according
describes
47,
p.
DECANDOLLEin his "Prodromus"
are
penduliflorum OUD.)
of his L. Sieboldii; MIQUEL, the author of this
same
Mus.
D.
formosum VOGEL,
descrip-
eventually
names?
legal
What to do with
that
so
penduli-
racemosa.
identification
wrong
contain errors,
Desmodium
racemosa,
course
placed
formosum,,
the oldest i.e.
stead
of formosa.
as
even
becomes likewise
becomes
Sieboldii in
in SARGENT'S
a
a
,,Plantae Wilsonianae";
synonym of
though
synonym
legal
name.
it
of
our
belongs
our
here
Lespedeza forto
Lespedeza
Lespedeza and for-
No.
56.
is
This
J. Valckenier Suringar, Personal ideas
Dr.
another
which
question,
and next the
legal
wise there will
But
it
name
to
be examined
majority of
a
nists
with
be avoided
questions could
thoroughly,
if
thereby
appears
to
synonym to another
possessed of uncertainty, if
use)
a
as
nomenclature of other species;
a
bota-
name
can
and every botanist
take the
can
fix it
not
as
trouble in the
no
cause
such
keep
we
and do
one
separate
Then the
species.
keep
we
some
by others with L. Sieboldii MIQ.
CHAMP.,
be
species officially (for general
a
a
viatorum
Lespedeza
the
votes. Other-
species like Desmodium formosum VOGEL, which is identified by
and which
with
unity.
that such
me
by
33
application.
decided
simply
it should
should be decided
be
never
seems
be
cannot
International Rules of Nomenclature;
the
about
species
as
he likes.
Another
chorda
for
E.
the synonym
on
identifying
if
he
it;
had
the
time
aside;
put
it
only
the
name
Exo-
name
1858, relying
Bot.
1847.
Reg.
described
unsufficiently
LINDLEY
name
same
A third
example of this kind
But
return
we
1893
racemosum
for
mosum
for
DEC.
an
is the oldest
would have been
as
a
synonym
to
(what the plant
name
But
for
our
was
be
DOLLE'S) plant, then
speciesname
Part
name
*)
I.
p.
for
18,
our
no.
pilis
s.
on
12.
no.
Lespedeza
racemosa
that of Desmodium
Math.
Physik. CI.
plant for Desmodium
a
the
name
name
valid, because
race-
synonym
of
an
nostra
hirtis.
though
recedunt
An
S.
as
&
a
racemosum
Z.'s
new
our
name
species
was
illegal
of DECANDOLLE;
1
). Had they given
one,
Sieboldii, andhadDECANDOLLE's
older and valid
name
for his
(DECAN-
would have been the oldest and also valid
Sieboldii; cf. the
adpressis
to do with
Desmodium racemosum
Desmodium
Lespedeza
racemosus
L.
not
give a sufficient description
our
nothing
mistaken; and thereby
were
reality)
would have
case
of Pinus
6, where it is shown that Pinus
setulis
mosis, calycibus
took their
Sieboldii, but
for P. contorta LOUD.,
„Specimina
subtus
in
they
L.
doubtless to
to
name
relies
1,
If SIEBOLD and ZUCCARINI had been correct in their
already existing
appeared
the
Bayr. Acad. Wiss.,
name racemosum
S. &Z. did not
pointed
still
is
Z. in
&
which is real Desmodium and still exists under that name,
species.
one
S.
Jezoënsis
speciesname
1846; these authors
Lespedeza Sieboldii.
that
the
plant;
our
then the
identification,
moreover
Picea
Lespedeza. There
to
1825,
allied
beside the
is
SIEBOLD and ZUCCARINI in
Bd. 4, 3e Abt.
3
of
species
puts
LINDL.
racemosa
the
LINDL.
place of E. grandiflora
at the
not
taken
grandiflora.
DIPP.
or
he
so
REHDER has
Amelanchier
that
SCHNEIDER thinks
better
in
REHD.
racemosa
thereby
But
exemple is the following:
BONGARD'S
(deviate from)
obsitis,
floribus
distincta Species?"
inops
name
Desmodium
in
apice
inops
—
contorta in
BONG, is
the
originates
in
racemosum
DEC.
ramorum
a
legal
wrong
foliolis
paniculatim
race-
Mededeelingen 's Rijks
34
determination
that
there is
only
be
because it relies upon
which
this
keep
to
BONG.) then such
question, if
of
description
common
a
in
printed
it
to
Schoutenia
by
fit
nates the
Now
how
a
1829 is
rule
KORTH.
ovata
was
the
But
48 and
is
give
errors
right
49,
be
can
legal
the
1852
But
name.
the
such
by
the
example;
an
description
Acti-
name
description
a
rariores". So,
some
botanists
description, which
descriptions
enough
as
a
whole
desig-
a
majority
think not;
1
name?
a
in nomenclature. Let the botanists
if it in any
the
recognized,
reject
to
mistakes;
name
of votes
in Meded. van's
13. Halimodendrum
Dendrological
Halimodendrum
TAROUCA
made in
"Plantae javanicae
depend upon personal
not
A
the
offers
characters in his
some
difficulty
make
to
rejicienda by
must
name
iden-
wrong
is
become invalid
nudum; but in
to be the
reason
much
cause
species
a
upon
mistake
a
can
at
always
an
ideas.
case
goes too far,
be
put
on
a
International ConCf.
my article
"Le
Rijks Herbarium Leiden,
no.
1923.
No.
In
inops
rejicienda.
and authentic material of KORTHALS confirms it.
Walikoekoen;
have the
that
described in 1839, but the
a nomen
seems
du Walikoekoen etc."
nom
to a name
found in Part I.no.
to be
KORTH.
ovata
Walikoekoen. However,
our
list of nomina
gress.
is
list of nomina
when it relies
case
HORSFIELD
in
by BROWN
then, do such
though
a
(Ned. Kruidk. Arch.); the synonymous
WALL.
moreover, it would
as
on
far does the
Walikoekoen; it
1848
the
contest it because KORTHALS gave
not
name
it will
with the mentioned Pinus
case
invalid
Schoutenia
species
is
name
is
name
species;
a
The
nophora fragrans
do
identification has led
always be put
amplified
may be
mistakes?
given
a
rubra etc.
Picea
tification,
is
that forbids
) and that rejects
principle would have consequences of
an erroneous
the
may be
can
x
of this kind. And in my opinion
error
example of wrong interpretation
Another
The
it
(as
name
identification; but
Nomenclature,
interpretation
or
REHDER'S
so;
undesirable
is
an
and confusion'. If
uncertainty
was
invalid because of that wrong
wrong determination
a
wise
17
as
article in the International Rules of
no
making
interpretation. REHDER of the Arnold Arboretum takes
or
of BONGARD
name
Herbarium Leiden:
and
cryptic tautological
works
argenteum
also
Halodendrum 2
to and
up
FISCH.
REHDER
in
in
his
) and argenteum.
name.
including SCHNEIDER'S
DEC.
Prodr.
"Manual"
1825;
calls
it
but
we
Graf
find
VON
Halimodendrum
Halodendrum Voss.
')
The
described
cation
2
)
is
The
determination has
species, which
the
result
ending
on
to do
with
comes into
of the
the
interpretation
everywhere
I
plant
in
consideration
and
the
have changed
question,
with
the
the
interpretation
determination.
determination.
into
um.
with
the
The identifi-
No. 56. Dr. J. Valckenier
The
but
species
described
was
previously,
1781,
in
DECANDOLLE called
had been
name
Halodendron PET.
cennia
in
genus
it
the
it
14
of
right
all
the
cetum" to
Dendrological
but with
literally
that of the
from
works,
the
different
albus KOCH and
JANKA and C.
C. Linkii
as
specific
a
Halimodendrum,
that
name.
account
on
appeared
be
to
Avi-
name, but
tautological
a
generic and
a
speciesname
two white-flowered
names.
KOCH has
Cytisus austriacus
albus
belonging
a
specific
name
in itself.
LOUDON'S "Arboretum et
same
var.
the
to both
is
or
Cytisus species
albus
names
KOCH; KOEHNE
TAROUCA and
K., REHDER calls them
et
are
and
species
Fruti-
particular
HACQ.; LOUDON, DIPPEL,
multiflorus Sw. and C. albus HACQ. Who
such,
not
give C. albus LK and C. leucanthus W.
The synonym names,
right?
universally recognized
are:
Cytisus
albus LK with Genista alba LAM.
1789, Genista multiflora
Sw.
if
Halodendrum;
now
afterwards
combination of
comparison with
mentioned,
SCHNEIDER
as
a
REHDER'S "Manual",
Spartocytisus
C.
by LINNAEUS f.
Cytisus albus, Linkii, multiflorus and leucanthus.
priority of
in
has
Caragana argentea,
as
is.
No.
are
35
application.
L.).
essentially
In
valid
into
name
(which
THOUARS
Halimodendrum Halodendrum is
The
1783
manuscript
a
not be
would
changed
Next DECANDOLLE
of
the
printed,
LAMARCK in
by
Robinia Halodendrum
as
the
Personal ideas about
Suringar,
DUH.
1827, Genista multiflora
Cytisus
1786, Spartium multiflorum AIT.
1804, Cytisus
SPACH.
albus
LK
1822,
C.
albus
1845, Spartocytisus
multiflorus
1869.
KOCH
albus HACQ. 1790 with C. leucanthus W.etK.in WILLD. 1800 and
C. austriacus
var.
So the oldest
1869.
albus KOCH
name
of both groups
thereby albus first of all the legal
Genista alba
belongs
to
Cytisus
together
name
for
is Genista
the
alba LAM.
1786,
and
concerned;
species
albus LINK. SO C. albus LK is the
legal
name
for this species.
The oldest
name
according
to
next and
legal
So LOUDON,
for the other
C. albus
name
is
DIPPEL,
LK,
species is C. albus HACQ.; but this
invalid
and
cannot
be
the
legal
name
name.
is,
The
C. leucanthus W. et K.
TAROUCA and SCHNEIDER
seem
to have
the
correct
names.
Though,
we
might take the homonym
confusion and therefore exclude it
C. albus LK
Beside
it
( Genista—LAM.)
C. leucanthus
"Cyclopedia",
the
W.
as
"American
K.
C. albus
as
one
which
being invalid. Then the legal
becomes C.
et
name
multiflorus
remains
Sw.
of
(Spartium—Ait.).
unchanged.
Joint-Committee",
causes
name
and
BAILEY
SILVA
i'n
his
TAROUCA
Mededeelingen 's Rijks Herbarium Leiden:
36
Ed.
in
in
1923, have acted
this
manner.
But this
is
And if
reject the
we
ought
names
to
be
REHDER defends the
this
manner:
of
independent
Acer
a
a
of
right
name,
that
multiflorus
if
a
that of the
over
priority prevails
Rules.
never
an
if
an
to
species
eventually
taphyllus
Rhododendrum
in
In
t.
LINDLEY
a,
or
But in
a
by
name
Reg. 5,
was
blished before
name
B a,
principle relative
is better secured. One
in future be
brought
being honoured
homonym
in
II
B
name
25 and
no.
describes
1819, he
represented
the two
our
can
into
a
legal,
as
of
will
already
an
Acanthopanax pen-
Calycanthus praecox and flo-
fragrans
represented
given
a
on
in
Bot.
the
new
Reg. 6,1820,
genus
Chimo-
t. 404.
species
dendrologists;
1818 in
Meratia
title, according
the
the
year
LOISELEUR had
generic
names
Chimonanthus
Chimonanthus praecox
the
right of priority, pre-
With this
later-published species/3 of that genus,
the
LINNAEUS
The difference between
canthus
of the
diagnosis and with the species fragrans, by the side of Caly-
fertilis, which
acknowledged
species
a
japonicum
represents
in Bot.
451; already
a
a
names
15. Chimonanthus and Meratia.
Sp.pl. 2nd ed. 1762
canthus
has
the
question of principle
23b.
no.
nanthus with
name
named A.a, will
push away
No.
ridus.
C.
in the
genus B.
y
existing species
See also
for the
moreover
principle stability of
old
then that older
B.b.;
able
name
priority, and that is against the spirit of
other genus B and identified with
be
it
1790 is
albus HACQ.
following
for
only required
not
speciesname separated.
absolute
over
But with that
know
named
HACQ.
albus
1822, therefore Cytisus
combination of generic and species
valent
and
consideration,
Sw.
Cytisus species themselves but
two
into
comes
and C. albus LK must receive the
International deliberation is
So
1786 is the oldest speciesname
LK; but the combination Cytisus
priority
alba,
Cytisus albus Hacq. beside C. multiflorus Sw.
name
generic
homonym
LINNAEUS and WANGENHEIM.
names
older than the combination C. albus LK
has
name
saccharinum and Cornus
albus in Genista alba LAM.
to C. albus
belongs
i.a.
rejected too;
both with the two author's
in
is mentioned.
C. albus for that reason, all suchlike
name
deed;
precarious
a
confusion with C. albus is not necessary if the author's
fragrans
and
praecox
and from that time the
were
"Herbier
was
names
not
Caly-
used.
general
des amateurs"
III
t.
173,
good description and drawing of the species with the
(fide REHDER); and though 1819
to REHDER
the
part containing
No.
is mentioned in the
173 Meratia
was
pu-
July 1818 (monthly number of July 25, 1818; copied from
,,Bibliographic
de France"
1818); while Chimonanthus
was
published
No.
56.
Dr.
Valckenier
J.
LINDLEY after Oct.
by
That is the
Personal
find the
we
nianae" and in REHDER'S "Manual"
BAILEY
n.c.
ROUCA
we
The
too
still
canthus,
in
name
about the
Meratia praecox REHD. and WILS.
Cyclopedia;
his
plate 404.
in SARGENT'S "Plantae Wilso-
plant
as
37
application.
SCHNEIDER and TA-
in
find Chimonanthus.
is
difficulty
as
the
has
ideas
that date is mentioned on
1818; for
why
reason
Suringar,
of
was
avoided
course
decided
the
by
by
the
classing
N.D.V.
species
with
Calyof the
Society
(Dendrological
Netherlands).
No. 16. Elaeagnus
Elaeagnus
Hort. 1876,
valid and
A. GRAY
longipes
are
1859 and E. edulis SIEB.
legal
is
name
XIII, 1856. But
gives
E.
under
E.
longipes
in
his
"Flora
obovatis obtusis.
ribus. The
alterni,
scabri
MAY in Rev.
species; if
same
so,
the
notae"
THUNBERG.
species in his "Prodomus"
well-known
(less
japonica" of 1784,
p. 66,
on
species)
described
THUNBERG
E.
thus:
that
inermis
floribus axillaribus aggregatis, pedunculis flore longio-
long description
rari,
minus
"species
apud
A. GRAY.
not mention these
multiflora
Elaeagnus
multiflora
foliis
considered to be the
fairly generally
Naturally DECANDOLLE does
he
longipes, edulis andmultiflora.
i.a.: Rami et ramuli
runs
fusco-ferruginei
teretes,
(punctate scabrous). Folia
e
(branches and twigs)
(rusty-brown),
patentes,
punctato-
singula gemma plura, alterna, petiolata,
obovata, obtusa, integra, erecta; supra seminuda, punctis squamosis argenteis,
subtus
tota
glabrous, for the
the
at
under surface
subpollicaria (length
argentei
;
Beside this
are
silvery scales, i.e.
covered
quite
half
an
the
silvery
Petioli
inch).
upper
;
surface
scales)....
Flores
;
half
silvery scales;
inaequalia,
Pedunculi
Calyx
E.
species
umbellata, glabra, macrophylla
crispa,
this
description
multiflora
"Joint
is
Elaeagnus
our
the oldest
Committee"
name.
rejects
a
variety
to
But it will be
E.
and
pungens
17.
to fix
his
"Manual"
opuloides (syn.
may
it in
be
his
recognized;
"Cyclopedia";
corroborates it
in
his
then
the
"Manual"
crispa, which had already before been added
this,
or
the
Internationally.
reverse,
Hydrangea opuloides and macrophylla.
An
In
has
longipes.
good
No.
longipes
BAILEY
REHDER
it;
of 1927, and mentions the var.
as
with
at
with scattered
also described.
In
E.
(leaves
squamosa-argentea
rest with
of
uncertain
1927,
H. Hortensis
or
REHDER
species.
calls
Hortensia):
H.
the
well-known
macrophylla
Hydrangea
DEC.
38
Mededeelingen
In his "Prodromus" vol.
Hortensia with
and
H.
a
i.a.
is
phyllum
in
single
a
Index
likewise
Viburnum
planta
in
And in
is
recognized
as
a
teres,
In
DELESSERT).
folio
phyllum
tical with
in
ing
in
Viburnum
*)
Viburnum
REHDER
formerly
an
as
an
has
uncertain
,
that this
me
International
serratum
palmam
obovatis
foliis
umbella terminali
THUNB.
—
Hortense
minus notae:
Flor.
acuminatis
composita radiante.
125
jap.
a
Hydrangea,
his
no
photo
h.
THUNB."
but
IV
Viburnum
nor
in
(v.s.
moreover
on
macro-
that it is iden-
WILSON'S mention-
1923, that the specimens
macrophyllum
are
description
Hy-
our
of that
Herbary
put by
separate species
In
var.
H.
further examined,
called
and
even
varieties,
SCHNEIDER
so
is
some
those
more
varieties
varieties
correct
excluding confusion
in
and
angustata.
and
that in his
opinion
it
is
are
to
changing
a culture
serrata;
it,
which
coupled
putting
he looked upon the Japanese specimens of
Leyden,
discussed and
Hydrangea
DECANDOLLE
by
adds
opuloides; hereby
my opinion
that
in
was
"Manual"
under
without
State
loides, nearly like
him
his
should be
Congress.
THUNB.
in
species
species.
the
of
But there is
SCHNEIDER mentions
Herbary of
glabris.
petiolata,
verification.
this
were
opposita,
does DECANDOLLE, that Viburnum
as
but
Herbarium
appears to
settled at
Folia
dicta in honorem Dae
Journal of the Arnold Arboretum
for
the
brevior. Umbella terminalis,
triplo
Viburnum
....
drangea opuloïdes.
specimen
dentatis
acuminatis
Hydrangea opuloides. This relies probably
the
in
plant-names,
separate species.
pilosiusculis,
macrophyllum
only assumes,
THUNBERG'S
It
ramulis
14. H. serrata
a
macro-
fact; and both
glabra, subtus pallidiofa,
Commers. Peantia
a
Viburnum
is not
Viburnum
read:
we
utrinque pilosiusculis,
REHDER not
),
radiantibus.
H. macrophylla,
Japonia.
his
of THUNBERG'S
et rami.
uti
nervosa,
Petiolus
DECANDOLLE
dentatis
Viburnum serratum
as
1
striking
a
obovatis
V. foliis
dentata,
longiora.
floribus
„Hortensia primo
argute
LAMARCK,
of THUNBERG is not found
species
Lepeaute." Then follows: „Species Japonicae
13.
Hydrangea
opuloides
runs:
Caulis
glabra.
That
JUEL'S exposition
descriptions
acuminata,
composita,
a
Viburnum macrophyllum
name
serrata
work, which is
macrophyllum.
paulo
et
name
Hydrangea
Hydrangea.
a
macrophyllum
THUNBERG'S
lata
Hortensia
quite possible that, just
called
Kewensis and
obovata,
it is
place
dendrological
Viburnum
Tota
1830, DECANDOLLE described
the synonymous
universally
was
Leiden:
Herbarium
Jap. 1784.
in the first
THUNB.
Rijks
macrophylla with the synyonmous
THUNBERG Fl.
Now,
IV
's
of
names.
H. serrata
form
with
H. serrata
of
in
H.
the
opu-
No.
56.
Dr.
Valckenier
J.
No. 18.
Suringar, Personal
MAKINO gave to
the
does not
kerrioïdes
The
is
Rh.
The
scandens
Linnean
que
is however
name
p.
300, where Rhodotypus
a
MAKINO
(Bot. Mag. Tokyo
SIEBOLD
1830
"nomen nudum"
1794, p. 355, he described
II,
Society"
ovatis setaceo-serratis
(leaves)
(stalk)
rotundata,
pointed
scandens
teres,
(Verh.Bat.
(name without
a
Corchorus scandens
ramis-
oppositis (opposite), caule
teeth),
exception
a
leaf-margin
is
terminal; all
this
Rosaceae,
has
But
sufficient
In
Persica and
of
described
STOKES
one
1812.
be
name
Amygdalus
is
genus with
no
leaf-position;
solitary
are
an
the
and
climbing plant and
pentamerous flowers,
to
reject
this
name
for
Rhodo-
our
insipid
names.
Amygdalus
has
species
(Comp.
Fl.
Consequently
Ital.
Nomen est
omen.
communis, by the side of A.
specific
universally
name;
been
1882, p. 209), instead of
HUDSON'S
species (according
name
to
and in the
Prunus
called
P.
P. communis
SCHNEIDER:
Amyg-
in
1778
P. domestica)
rejected.
communis
but
,
a
communis is the oldest
the
of the Eu-Prunus
must also
The
so
century
communis ARCANGELI
dalus
flowers
as
Amygdalus and communis.
and
principle
A. nana;
this
the
and
Z.
1753 LINNAEUS
works
terminalis
Rhodotypus,
Our
name.
branch-
Rhodotypus
is
reason
No. 19a. Prunus
insipid
ramulis
is tetramerous.
typus kerrioïdes S. &
An
and
our
Besides, Corchorus
is
in
petiolata,
(with bristle-
setigeris
(flower)
opposite
serrate
corresponds.
Rhodotypus
think, there
Flos
pollicaria.
acuminate,
has white flowers.
whereas
serraturis
serrata
(branches)
brevissima
opposita,
description with this
proper
with the
Folia
Rami
ramosus.
(single), flavus (yellow).
solitarius
So there is
(climbing),
divaricati.
acuminata,
ovata,
serrate
(terminal),
for
II,
his
reject it; and it
originates with THUNBERG; in the "Transactions of
oppositi (opposite), similes,
1
"Joint
tetrain
name
flexuoso-scandentibus.
Caulis
basi
that
adopts
not valid.
so
name
thus: foliis
(also called Rh.
& Z.
Committee"
tetrapetala also originates with
which
69),
p.
description),
the
and the
REHDER
1903) and is based upon Kerria tetrapetala
Gen. XII
39
application.
given.
name
XVII
the
species.
"Plantae Wilsonianae"
in
occur
and
scandens,
BAILEY
1927;
uncertain
an
Rhodotypus kerrioïdes S.
our
Rh.
name
"Manual" of
about
Rhodotypus kerrioïdes, tetrapetala and scandens.
Again
petala)
ideas
is
was
not
so
characteristic in connection with the genusname
with the
generic
name
Prunus;
Prunus
Amyg-
40
's
Mededeelingen
dalus
wish
is
And
far better and
a
have this
to
name
probably there
which
insipid
causes
a
omen;
we
Such
put
It
is
wise
that
examples
carolina
L.
Insipid
(resp.
should also
in
those who
No. 6,
subtautological
Halodendrum
A third
Larix
names
(cf.
II
is formed
category
lasiocarpa (subalpina)
"Kew
cf.
Rule";
1
are
Abies
name
laricina
ought
to
a
as
be
as
Rhododendrum.
a
SAL.
1
(in
Azalea
is
I
a
7)
12).
no.
23a)
genus-hybridname
Further
separated).
no.
No.
I
and
the
Halimodendrum
by
like
names
Abies concolor
from the
compromise
lasiocarpa
var.
with
Abies
species
regard
to
the
in Art. 49
of the International Rules
and the recommendation 29
to
in the
be put
place
Rule.
A fourth kind is
beside
L.
Picea, Picea Abies (cf.
(cf.
names
27.
no.
recalled,
ephemeric
Abies Lowiana and the separate
result
a
;
est
Kaempferi KOCH, Halesia
(Azaleodendrum
This remnant of the "Kew Rule"
of it
may
13).
no.
beside the synonymous
contain
116, 28) and Cedrus effusa
Rhododendrum and
take
Vitis
glabra HUDS.,
and Rhododendrum Azaleodendrum
for
sapiens, and
Botanist
by SWEET himself and causing
impossible for Azalea lutea
Ulmus
of another kind
names
Homo
possible.
names
rejicienda
the name Rh. luteum to be
are
systematic Botany.
particular
no
majority will
a
specifica conservanda.
in the field of
names
like Rhododendrum luteum SWEET, renounced
Other
Perhaps
Congress of all Botanists together may! Nomen
a
of nomina
list
such
name.
of nomina
list
a
Leiden:
insipid principle, unworthy of
an
invent the best
must
a
on
names.
name; but
change
characteristic
a
are more
"Nomen estnomen" is
Herbarium
Rijks
shown f.i.
by the genera
Sideroxylon L.; Pseudotsuga
beside
T. et
Eusideroxylon
names
B.,
Tsuga; Englerastrum, Englerella,
Englerodaphne beside Engleria.
A fifth
(B.
SCHRAD.
his
kind may be
sinensis
DEC.
represented by the
1824)
and
1838, B. Guimpelii KOCH 1854).
Berberis habitated in
Kaukasus;
China;
put the legal
names
and to choose the synonym
and in
A sixth
(Azalea)
in
on
an
names
POIR.
Berberis Poiretii
1808
POIRET has
reality
the contrary B. Poiretii
on
be wise to
men
B. sinensis
(syn.
B.
minor and
in China. Therefore it would
Index of nomina
names, which
spathulata
erroneously taken that
its habitation is Asia
grows
SCHN.
are
also
specifica rejicienda
used
by the practical
gardens.
kind
are
native
names
like
(Pinus) Chichihuana and Ayacahuite,
Yodogawa, (Prunus) hatazakura;
double names like
arbitrary
names
like
Quisqualis;
Sebastiano-Schaueria, Bisgoeppertia, (Amarantus) Jansen-
Wachterianus.
A
seventh
plant
is
And
no
an
group
are
speciesnames
like
hybridus
in
the
cases
that
the
hybrid.
eighth
one
comprehends speciesnames, which consist of
an
other
No.
Dr.
56.
with
speciesname
suffix
"Critica botanica"
NAEUS
Finally, there
Botanical
(e.g.
(that
so
f.i.
41
application.
Panicum
capillare L.,
nomina botanicoidea
LIN-
(cf.
like
names
dubius
Prunus hortulanus
plants
here
ought
ought
speak for
names
not
to
be
to
but
not
be aris-
prevail. Scientia amabilis!
to
or
dubia
kakistocratic,
partly kakistocratic)
taste
Robinia
(e.g.
BAIL.).
the botanists. As the
against
botanists.
19b. Prunus Pissardii
No.
are
the
about
226).
means
The
omen.
the
ideas
oideus;
or
names
Intelligence and good
Nomen est
names,
no.
Nomenclature of
democratic
tocratic.
oides
insipid species
are
and hortulanus
Fouc.)
even
the
VASEY. These
capillareoides
P.
Personal
J. Valckenier Surlngar,
or
Pissart ii; Celastrus
orbiculata
or
articulata.
Questions of orthography.
in
REHDER
America,
Voss
in
write
Germany
the custom
against
of
P. Pissartii.
using
The
species
introduced
was
CARRIERE
by
in
Hort.
Rev.
1881
as
P.
in his publication
CARRIERE mentions in a footnote that, in the
Pissardi;
before,
year
species of Rosa
new
a
Pissarti because he had taken the
while
the
had
called
Rosa Pissardi.
name
appeared
to
REHDER, who takes principally
the
names
so
written
have
they
as
Prunus
Pissardii
CARR.
Pissartii
BAILEY
(as
a
the
by
and
of
synonym
own
PISSARD;
the
SO
Rosa
PISSART,
as
must
species
be
and in conform to art. 57 of the Int. Rules
written
Pissardi
of the person concerned
be
R.
moschata)
P. Pissardii
he
but
Pissarti;
Pr.
and
writes Rosa
cerasifera
var.
CARR. SO REHDER does
neither does he
principle,
must therefore
original authors,
Rosa
*) with the synonym
follow here his
not
were
by him erroneously
called
was
name
give
well
a
corrected
orthography.
In my
the
opinion
a
Acer
species
sinensis
dron but
Z
in
one
to that of
genus
another
beside
anthoxylum
we
find in his "Manual" Gleditsia
Gleditschia);
name
but
in stead of the
WisTaR
1826);
Wistaria; instead
in the
rightly: Buddlea).
!)
writes
(denominated after Prof.
corrected
(GAUD.
consequence
orthography according
of it is that in
REHDER
chinensis
Weigela
it
in
the second edition of his
so
(GAUD.
Buddleia
Pyrus
but
is GLEDITSCII,
written
America), REHDER
1825):
name
uses
the
Pernettya
(SPRENGER 1818 writes
and Diervilla
Aukuba instead of Aucuba,
Diervillea),
BAILEY calls
place of Buddleja L.:
REHDER writes
in
(the
name
originally
of Pernettia
(e.g.
Xylosteum, Lirioden-
Zanthoxylum, Acer Wilsoni beside A. Lobelii, Pinus sylvestris
it must be
Wisteria
not take the
(e.g. Gleditsia sinensis),
that he
chinensis);
Genista silvestris;
and
the
original authors;
has
so
must
we
in
"Cyclopedia"
(in stead of Weigelia
the
place of Pirus,
Pissar dii.
42
's
Mededeelingen
that is
etc. All
REHDER
to REHDER'S
according
once was
name
a
of writing; he writes
NAEUS'
Acer
pseudoplatanus and
Acer
not to Rec.
old genus
are no
J
Aucuparia by REHDER
is
and
aucuparia;
Aucuparia
botanists
such
a
names, with
to know if
a
in
his
lists
betical
the
On
after
the
are
is
In tie
and
(Mitt,
those
to
some
"old
genusname";
of the
Dendrologists
an
speciesnames, which originate
cause
a
so
it
as
easy,
seems
name.
chaotic
arbitrary
orthography; nobody
can
alpha-
in
and
looking spellings;
always
written
on
orthographically
firm
a
..
on
ground
as
basis; every
If, for example, all the
um
masculin,
are
we
of all
ideas,
correct,
after the rules of the Latin and
(f.i. Rhododendrum)
in Latin
could
ending
os
all
one
names
and
names
in
(some-
can
know
ending
only
the
(f.i. Erigeron), then there
knows how it must be and he knows
manner
one
is
(Greek)
into os, the
personal
LIN-
by
Recommendations of Nomenclature
or
into
names
is
uni-
then also that all
neuter.
um
systematically translate the Greek ending
into
In this matter I
agree with HOFKER
us.
336).
impossible
REHDER in Mitt, der D.D.G.
it
all
begin
are
in Latin.
some cases
may choose
used
was
so
aucuparia.
Sorbus
BAUHIN) and for
time it
LINNAEUS'
old genus
an
names
der D.D.G. 1927 p.
If it is in
to
must be written.
one
in
same
oos
before
and
genusname. Most
as
art. 57
the Rules
spelt
oon
formity, every
plantnames
(even
of the persons concerned,
name
into
Strobus
of writing
manner
old genusname, not
small letter because it is not
emendated), then there
ending
ous
if
contrary,
(Greek)
on
though
gives trouble.
it
names
how every
an
Pinus
after
wise
a
name
memory all
Greek and after
what
and
this, Sorbus aucuparia.
REHDER'S principle and
keep
wrote
begun
probably be
generic
be,
to
with
agreement
It would
from
original
it
genusname; but that does not make
must have
one
in
write,
as a
well to the
as
LINNAEUS
in and
speciesname;
a
NAEUS
introduced with P. resp. L.
are
LIN-
names.
REHDER'S principle
to
X of 1905; Strobus is
LINNAEUS
before
was
manner
). And the writing of Pinus strobus and Sorbus
contrary
to the Recommendation
as
original
platanoides against
and many suchlike
again conform
X; they
names
speciesname, when
a
from the
A.
and Platanoides;
Pseudoplatanus
57, but
Art.
they
to art. 57 of the Rules.
at the head of
independent
genusname,
Pinus Pinaster and P. Laricio
to
principle and
capital letter
a
Leiden:
the Recommendation X of the International
follows nevertheless
Nomenclature in putting
this
Herbarium
Rijks
to find out what is the correct
1927 p.
those, which
which
335), then
occur;
differ
one
that is
from
an
a
spelling,
(cf.
International Congress
better way than
another. F.i.
leaving
Heleocharis
or
Eleocharis.
x
)
It
may
be
that
REHDER
writes
Laricio
because
he
gives
the name as a
synonym.
No.
Then
56.
Dr.
Valckenier
must write
we
P. S. The
Celastrus
DIPPEL
orbiculata;
in
in
1893 and
20. Malus
well-known
think
and Rosa Pissardii.
("Flora
japonica",
1927 into C. articulata
the
the
"Florula
chapter
is
description
on
an
x
43
)
1784)
is
THUNB.
japonica":
the
given,
So
error.
and
nowadays SCHNEIDER
But
(Art. 57).
REGEL
and
name
thought
and
TAROUCA;
it
will be
good that
at
an
Inter-
to be
"nomen
a
give
VIII, 1859, p. 82,
in
in
Sitka
the leaves
in
his
"Tuinbouwflora"
im
freien
heimischen
petiole,
entire to 3-lobed
bescent
and
the number of
species in Latin
1856)
description;
III, p. 368
DE
t.
17,
they
or
are
even
DOUGL.
wird.
pinnately-lobed.
free and
as
a
ist
verwandt.
decurrent in the
The
pedicel
is pu-
haired at
densely
with
aus
wahr-
Derselbe
zunachst
oval-lanceolate,
pedicels glabrous; and
und
vertheilt ward
P. rivularis
with
halbhoher Strauch
Lande aushalten
P. rivularis
Pyrus Sieboldii
as
later also in "Garten flora"
Ein
Toringo
styles (quite
(contrasted
rounded at the foot;
the
als Sorbus
he says i.a., that
4
rais. 4.
(Cat.
without
name
Petropol." 1858,p.51;
and
usually
(.Mahonia etc.).
species.
SIEBOLD
German, beginning thus:
Deutschland
der auf
7
no.
to SIEBOLD Cat. rais.
der durch SIEBOLD
scheinlich
Toringo
nudum",
either
it
note of
a
described
(Sorbus)
the first to describe
was
in
Sieboldii; M. rivularis, fusca and diversifolia.
insufficiently
in "Index Seminum Hort.
is
in
application.
the
take it
I cannot but
We
agree with them.
may
Malus
1857; he only refers
foot)
XIII
p.
orthographical question
VRIESE does not
Of
"Manual" of
97, where
p.
error
Toringo
appeared
mit
Pissardii
about
margine, relies probably
so
An
Japan,
ideas
Congress the question will be settled.
See for another
The
on
aside.
name
typographical
national
has
his
on
written
that
they put
No.
in
REHDER
C. articulata,
a
also Prunus
THUNBERG writes
Now,
Personal
Suringar,
Celastrus orbiculata THUNB.
name
changed by
as
J.
the
the leaves oval and
rule
3, half-cohering and
entirely glabrous styles).
In
in
BAILEY
REHDER
HENRY still
In
M.
therefore
we
the
(resp. P.) fusca, , since it
Pyrus fusca,
rivularis
HOOKER
in
n.c.;
Pyrus Sieboldii REGEL,
SCHNEIDER
ELWES
and
&
BAILEY and REHDER
was
of the 19th
beginning
FL.
bor.
Malus rivularis is called
found that RAFINESQUE
century,
dates
am.
from
described it
while DOUGLAS'
ELWES
1840;
&
as
name
HENRY
have P. rivularis.
RAFINESQUE
1
the
Sieboldii
name
Toringo. TAROUCA follows REHDER.
SCHNEIDER, TAROUCA,
in
still
Malus
name
have M.
rightly find the
Prof.
that
name
the
in
HOFKER
head
both
described
imforms
gardener
cases
must
his
me
of
be
Pyris
fusca
that KOEHNE
the
Shah
Pissardii.
of
in
Persia
But
who
in
the
Mitt.
was
is
following
D. D.
named
right,
G.
1917
manner,
p.
66 mentions
PissARd,
CARRIERE
in
or
so
that
the
KOEHNE?
44
Mededeelingen
"Medical Flora
the
name
the
name
has brown acid
x
is all!
becomes
P.
Rijks
Herbarium Leiden:
Manual of North America" vol.
or
(Oregon Crabapple)
wedges". That
's
Me
)
a nomen
rivularis
pulpy fruits,
is not
thinks, this
II 1830:"
sufficient
a
nudum; ELWES and HENRY
description, and
right
are
HOOKER'S P. rivularis
(DOUGL).
P. fusca RAF.
used for
very hard,
wood
is
in
keeping
described
quite
satisfactorily.
An
International
mendable to
duced
so
If his
judge
and it
Congress may judge about it;
at the
time about RAFINESQUE
same
would be
intro-
incompletely described species!
many
species Pyrus fusca is honoured, it will be wise
with another species,
which is well
HOOK., because this species would
And in the
recom-
himself, who
also
in
described,
then obtain
our
a
name
identify it
not to
case
P. rivularis
with
of uncertain value.
RAFINESQUE'S remaining species,
i.a.
Abies
heterophylla and A. falcata, Picea sitchensis, Tsuga Mertensiana
etc.
(cf. I,
no.
same manner
20), should be put aside.
G. SUDWORTH mentions in "Check list of the Forest Trees of the United
States
the
BRITTON and
etc.", that
name
M.
laris. BONGARD described the
in the
same
year
BONGARD'
Malus
of the
in
which
the Memoires of
GARD'S
for the
21.
writes
of
change
Chaenomeles
well-known
universally
called
of
of
greater
warty;
as
that,
so
height
the leaves
and
japonica
Chaenomeles
to Pirus
has
are
)
And
SUDWORTH,
this
not
in
fits Malus
of
THUNB.
japonica
resp.
smooth
serrate
the flowers of Ch. Maulei
x
it
as
is
in
are
the
on
vegetation
read in the
was
was
not
only printed
proved
Ch.
Checklist
rivularis.
of
the
Maulei
in
BON-
that
is
no
good
Cydonia
or
by
LINDL.
japonica
japonica;
whereas
japonica,
was
those
Forest Trees
the
beside
attains
a
much
of Ch. Maulei
United
are
Maulei. The
those of the
than those of Ch.
of
is
formerly likewise
crenate in Ch.
bigger than
orange-red
PERS.
the botanists;
Cydonia. Ch. japonica
are
and
names.
SCHN., which
twigs,
more
Ch.
lagenaria;
flowers and fruits of the former species
that
long
cross-exchange
Pirus
and
article
name.
japonica
belonging
with
identification
May 1831; but it
so
1833.
this species there is another, Ch. Maulei
estimated
2, 1833,
published before that of DOUGLAS, there
was
a
The
the 4
Academy
correctly
description
reason
No.
the
M. rivu-
rivularis.
included,
is
1908) put
place of
Ser. VI.
Pet.,
the
The
description
Trees",
in the
Pyrus
and
accepted.
the
th
Academy of Petersburg
described his
excellent;
universally
is
Sitka,
SUDWORTH
is
description
s
Am.
(in "North
in Mem. Ac.
species
in which DOUGLAS
rivularis
isle
SHAFER
diversifolia ROEMER ( Pyrus BONG.)
latter;
japonica.
States, declares
No.
56. Dr.
THUNBERG
in
this
in
MOWICZ
than the
is
1874
as
P.
japonica
species C. alpina
specific
the
is very
does not
adopt
the
change of
"Bot.
name
plant
obtusis.
to MASTERS.
This
introduced
MAXI-
by
alpina being older
name
1893 called the
of
"Dendrologie"
a
name
crenatis
had
variety-name
equal rights
generic
suddenly
we
lagenaria instead of Ch. japonica,
japonica;
specific
new
"Manual" of
This
the first
was
foliis
plain; but in BAILEY'S "Cyclopedia"
here
so
again
we
so
names;
in
we
find
find
there
REHDER also
course
a
keeps
Ch.
of
plantnames"
does
Cydonia,
Cydonia
has
meet
while
cross-exchange
"Standardized
its
Chaenomeles but
name
japonica (our Maulei). Of
author's
in his
"Joint Committee", which
agree to the
his
japonica in his "Flora
fruticosa
alpina.
var.
n.c.; at that time
Chaenomeles
name
The
names.
45
application.
name.
Maulei is called Ch.
C.
Pirus) ;
the
MASTERS
variety alpina of Ch. Maulei,
a
Maulei, KOEHNE
name
All this
with
MAST,
Pyrus Maulei
way:
Besides, there
a
Chaenomeles
name
MAULE of Bristol had forwarded the
Messrs.
with
(under
about
petalis rubro-aurantiacis (petals reddish-orange))
(crenate)
whole
our
the generic
ideas
Maulei in Gardens Chron.of 1874 (also under the generic
to record Ch.
Pirus),
the first to record
was
of 1784
japonica"
Personal
Valckenier Suringar,
J.
and
lagenaria
BAILEY'S
names
in
1927.
name
was
not
started
by BAILEY, resp. REHDER; for the
of the combination Chaenomeles
Mag." Tokyo XXIII, 1909, p.
is
lagenaria
KOIDZUMI
in
173. MAKINO had referred to it in the
previous file.
On what is it based?
arbres
et
sinensis
In
arbustes...."
and
Cydonia
the second edition of DUHAMEL'S "Traite des
1815, p. 255, there
T.VI,
The
Lagenaria.
description
are
of
described
Cydonia
C. Lagenaria
runs:
C. caule fructicoso, spinoso; foliis ovato-oblongis, glabris,serratis; floribussubcorymbosis, fructibus
lagenariaeformibus.
japonica PERS. and Pyrus
referred to CURTIS Bot.
find: "Ce
recouverts
Coignassier
d'une
petit
velvety layer.
a
rally kept
our
are
arbrisseau
is
Ch.
japonica (in
given
our
as
Ch.
the old
will
it is much
say, for
but
BAILEY and REHDER take Pirus
Ch.
that
case
duvet
are
further
description
assez
we
menus,
surtout pen-
court,
flower; the
the
(P., C.) japonica.
more
name
The
branch is covered
the author of this C.
sense)
and
consequently
japonica
THUNB.
name.
for
lagenaria really takes the place
might
be saved
the
genename
Certainly not, the reader
recent than THUNBERG'S
name
Lagenaria.
Maulei; but the species is
lagenaria receives consideration for this species.
and in
we
rameaux
d'un
Cydonia
names
subjoined;
692. Behind the Latin
branch with leaf and
LOISELEUR
The hairiness of the twigs indicates
for
the
synonyms
"
The illustration gives
a
un
t.
brunatre, chargees
ecorce
dant leurjeunesse
with
Mag. vol. 8
est
As
japonica THUNB.
That is true;
our
of
Ch. Maulei!
our
so-called
by Cydonia japonica
PER-
46
's
Mededeelingen
Leiden:
1802; PERSOON gives THUNBERG'S short diagnosis without
"Synopsis"
SOON
Herbarium
Rijks
the word crenatis,
but alas without putting serratis
PERSOON'S
species
cannot
cific
stands and falls with
name
But
BAILEY and
are
japonica thus:
That is
P. foliis
good
no
to
Rami
glabrous).
Folia
erecti.
(crenate)
arboraceous),
describes
glabris, floribus
tota
all
(smooth),
sometimes
Flores
pollicaria.
Pyrus
solitariis.
(in
glabra
marginata (obtuse
laciniae ovatae, obtusissimae
his
suffrutex, vel arbus-
runs:
laeves
alterni, flexuosi
glabra
pureo-incarnata
THUNBERG
longer description
interdum
obtusa,
serrata
nate)
right?
(sometimes
ramuli
et
it.
REHDER
But his
arbor
cula et interdum
place. Therefore
but be identified with THUNBERG'S; and his
spe-
cuneatis crenatis
us.
in its
parts
cinerei,
emargi-
corolla
pur-
(petals purple incarnadine,
oval, very obtuse).
The
Ch.
naked
absolutely
twigs
and
the
tree-like appearance indicate
and not Maulei; likewise the
(P. C.) japonica
serrate
leaves of the
our
long
description.
The
obtuse,
sometimes
emarginate leaves
Ch. Maulei; and in the short
as
Maulei
however
does. The
are
as
I
Therefore
with Ch.
have their
japonica
consider the
But it stands
to
Well, those
the
are
Propagating
legal
a
brings about
japonica has
Finally
genus
was
names
persons
various
it should be
directly
in
designated
shape
crenate
of the
incorrect and
thinking
petals
superfluous.
differently, will also
conceptions, should be contrasted
decided and
Internationally fixed
uncertain
made
meaning
by SCHNEIDER
with
,
special variance with the
name
public,
Chaenomeles
is
wrong;
(Pirus, Cydonia)
in future.
added that the
Pseudocydonia
at
works destined for the
fatal confusion. The
it should be
mentioned,
rate
an
of
personal conception, which is
a
are
the
of
names.
customary conception,
this
and
us
)-
that the
reason
reasons.
x
the leaves
flowers
exchange
and considered well; next,
which
description
colour of the
the other hand remind
on
the
Cydonia sinensis, incidentally above
in his "Laubholzkunde" into
species
P. sinensis.
a
REHDER has
sepa-
kept
it under Chaenomeles.
No. 22.
Crataegus Carrierei, Lavallei and berberifolia.
An
We
galli
are
L.
used to
var.
a
insufficiently known species.
Crataegus Carrierei,
berberifolia
galli and C. punctata.
,• it is
In his
sometimes identified with C. Crus-
usually taken for
a
hybrid between C. Crus-
"Manual" of 1927 REHDER calls it C. Lavallei
HERINCQ.
There
also
exists
a
hybrid
with
mixed
characters
in
various
forms.
No.
56.
SARGENT
He
has
a
Dr.
distinguishes
which
Lavallei is
and C
. Lavallei
(
called
this
var.
1885.
LAVALLEE
a
which
description
author. As
synonyms
rubro
HORT.; SO,
description, just
REHDER
be
separate
Lavallei
names
it
appeared
in
Crataegus
to
that
us
identical with
considered
was
is
C. olivae-
before the official
he
slight;
is
To the
sets
known and
that the
value
Lavallei,
on
may
perhaps
differences with
VAUVEL'S
whereas
it
Lavallei
name
insufficiently
great
dated
of C. Lavallei,
description
name.
himself declares
eat the fruit of C.
never
it Carrierei.
valid
the older
CARRIERE
very
a
that C. Lavallei
objected
are
names
when he described his
already been cultivated
produce
can
species.
that the birds
mentions the
it
that
means,
C. Lavallei; the Director of the Nurseries of the Museum
1883, C. Carrierei is
moreover
C.
as
the
that LAVALLEE
so
1883, p. 108; for he imparts
History VAUVEL had baptized
Unless
before
had
C. Carrierei
which
Mss";
printed,
under those
plant,
species had already been critisized;
of Nat.
a
not
LAVALLEE
CARRIERE also knew the
C. Lavallei.
that
1874.
was
Carrierei in the "Revue horticole" of
his
GRAY.
berberifolia
var.
communicates
T. HERINCQ
“C.
wrote
gardens.
Crusgalli.
&
it had been cultivated in the arboretum since
origin;
formis HORT., C. fructu
the
of C.
TORREY
by
47
application.
berberifolia SARG. from
LAVALLEE writes: Lavallei
legal
the
synonyms
C. berberifolia
1867 and flowered for the first time in
the
as
about
described and illustrated in LAVALLEE "Arboretum
Segrezianum"
is of unknown
HERINCQ
ideas
latter would be C. Carrierei.
Fruticetum
species
Personal
Suringar,
berberifolia,
var.
Crataegus
et
Valckenier
gives C. Carrierei
SCHNEIDER
HORT.,
J.
they
are
experience
exceedingly
fond of those of C. Carrierei.
CARRIERE
seedling
of
communicates
moreover
of C. mexicana.
C. pubescens
Carrierei)
C. punctata,
confused
see
with
KOEHNE and
hybrid between C. Crusgalli
In
C.
(Mespilus)
is
SARGENT,
LINNAEUS
1753
MOWICZ
(in
Comm.
a
ZUCCARINI
canescens.
pubescens
originated
considers
and
C.
is
a
phytogr.
(in
WENDL.,
as
synonym
C. Lavallei
pubescens
which,
a
(syn.
(instead of
not be
according
to
of C. mollis SCHEELE.
synonym
sinensis, mandshurica and
described
and RUPRECHT
Flor. Amur."
species
above). This C. pubescens STEUD. however should
No. 23a. Aralia
MIQUEL
his
and therefore REHDER
STEUD.;
a
as
According
that
to REHDER C. mexicana
Aralia
1840):
chinensis
Acad. St.
1859): Dimorphanthus mandshuricus;
2
"Fl.
A. spinosa;
elatus;
-next
Petersb.
IX
Dimorphanthus
Mem. Sav. etr.
(Abh. Akad. Miinchen IV
and
elata.
and
then
MAXI-
"Prima
finally SIEBOLD
and
jap. Fam. nat." 1845): Aralia
48
's
Mededeelingen
SEEMANN
Leiden:
1868) calls Dimorphanthus
VI
Bot.
Journ.
(in
Herbarium
Rijks
mandshuricus
and elatus: Aralia mandshurica and elata; and SARGENT mentioned
"Silva of N. America" V. 1893
but
1916
in
("Plantae
Aralia
as
spinosa
Wilsonianae")
Dimorphanthus
mandshuricus MAXIM, and with
Dimorphanthus
elatus
introduced Aralia
1875)
side of
In
a
canescens
of
"Dendrologie"
(non HORT.,
S.
&
TAROUCA
Z.).
A. chinensis
=
BAILEY
with
syn.
glabrescens (syn.
var.
pi.
En.
(in
Jap. I,
spinosa L., by
and
(Cyclopedia)
the
Aralia
distinguishes
the
spinosa
L.
mandshurica
Dimorphanthus
L.).
1913, describes Aralia chinensis L.
A.
glabrescens SCHN. (syn.
var.
his
mentions in
and A. chinensis with
L.
spinosa
this
mandshurica REHD. and
var.
the
SAVATIER
canescens, beside
in his "Laubholzkunde" of
SCHNEIDER,
with
L.
chinensis
variety to Aralia
a
1893 KOEHNE
and Aralia chinensis L. with
β
MAXIM,
as
&
chinensis and elata,
var.
glabrescens.
var.
his
FRANCHET
MIQ.).
L.
Aralia
as
them in
"Freiland
Laubgeholze"
canescens
Aralia
only
mandshurica.
var.
"Joint Committee" (Standardized
plant-
names) have SCHNEIDER'S conception.
in
Finally
his
elatus
phanthus
"Manual" of
MIQUEL.
species of Aralia
by the
,
moreover
MAXIM.).
cases
plants
to
them,
duction of
name
(in
an
our
old
case
seems
priority of
that
name
but
mandshuricus)
we
in
but
he
consequence
place of the familiar
mand-
Dimorphanthus
also added to
Aralia
this
(in
differences between the
opinion among the botanists with
our
instead of
elatus)
case
before
taken,
slight
had better first discuss the re-intro-
in scientific
publishing
it
in
a
familiar
a
papers and wait till
an
Inter-
manual
for
Acanthopanax pentaphyllus and Sieboldianus.
name
a
based
on
an
combination of
a
the species
THUNBERG
taphylla; and
has
described
SIEBOLD
Aralia pentaphylla;
&
separate
spinosa L.,
variety glabrescens.
me
has been
(syn.
now
as a
use.
A
S.
is
did)
mandshuricus,
SEEM.
canescens
difference of
a
to
specific
No. 23b.
The
a
A.
Dimor-
forward
puts
elatus takes the
Aralia elata
variety
prevails
it
national decision
general
name
like these, where there exist
and there
regard
(just
again
SEEMANN
as
Dimorphanthus
not mention
elata; he does
In
The
it
regards
specific
mandshuricus, thus:
shuricus
1927 REHDER
side of A. chinensis L. and
identifies it with
of which the unknown
name
He
Z.
non
TH.
so
&
in
his
erroneous identification.
generic and
name
"Flora
there is, beside A.
brought
specific
name over
that of
in itself.
japonica
ZUCCARINI took in
MARSHALL
a
1784"
an
1846 another
pentaphyllaTH.,an
this
species
in
1881
Aralia pen-
plant
A.
for
this
pentaphylla
to
the genus
Dr.
56.
No.
Valckenier
J.
Acanthopanax
find this
you
thereby
have
we
name
"Journ. of the Arnold Arb."
A.
pentaphyllus
being
Aralia
on
by
the
thinks
S. &
phylla
as a
synonym
Panax
Manual;
TH.:
do with
to
combination
Aralia
fil.
L.
name
new
can
But
com-
must be
name
is
is
is based upon
is
sense
re-
1781
2
Z.
&
obtain
so,
in
beside A.
name,
the
sense
A.
then of
Aralia
of
penta-
pentaphylla TH.
Thereby SCHNEIDER calls
).
and then Aralia
S. &
pentaphylla
Z. and
not agree with
in
14
no.
pentaphylla
Acanthopanax
this synonymy and
( Cytisus albus etc.), if the
MARSH.
1881
over
the
the
(in
sense
of
combination
same
1784, though the species
THUNB.
pentaphylla
Aralia
separate Acanthopanax-species,
a
1846) has priority
itself is older than that of SIEBOLD
unity
mentioned
SEEM. 1868; and another synonym
THUNB. for
of nomenclature without
beration and conclusion about all
erroneous
SCHNEIDER
Acanthopanax species too,
an
pentaphyllus
of Aralia
that
an
hot
elsewhere
But SCHNEIDER takes
question, treated
S.
thinks
with
exists,
he, who does
Acanthopanax
we
MARSHALL'S
A. Sieboldianus MAK."
REHDER
MARSH.,
Aralia
names
of THUNBERG in
How
Suppl.
pentaphylla
the
pentaphylla
with the
which
non-valid name,
a
pentaphylla TH.;
Acanthopanax spinosus SEEM,
takes Aralia
MARSH.;
"MARSHALL based his
Z. which is
1784
Acanthopanax spinosus
pentaphyllus invalid.
has
it
pentaphyllus
TH. does not make the
still
it
1846 and if
Z.
spinosus
pentaphylla
TH.
if
Z., would be illegal.
of
&
name, which
a
pentaphylla
Acanthopanax
course
S.
non-valid;
is
species
his
S. &
pentaphylla
is
in
REHDER
by
1926, p. 243:
valid name,
question if
a
Aralia
not.
49
Mag." Tokyo XII 10, 1898).
Here again is the
identification of
VII
pentaphylla
next oldest
in "Bot.
application.
pentaphyllus
cannot be considered valid and his
bination therefore
placed
Acanthopanax
identification of A.
erroneous
(MAKINO
about the
in SCHNEIDER'S "Laubholzkunde". But REHDER writes
in
an
ideas
Personal
Suringar,
personal ideas and all
&
ZUCCARINI.
International delinames,
depending
upon them?
No.
Nyssa
amerik.
viously
his N.
right
J
)
24.
Nyssa
aquatica
L.
Holzarten)
MARSHALL
silvatica,
divided into two.
is
species
divided
into N.
in
uniflora
("Arbust.
1787
Americ."
SIEBOLD
and
it;
over
ZUCCARINI
so
the two
already
write
multiflora; but
1785)
to be
new
at
WANGENHEIM
by
and N.
silvatica, which later appeared
of priority
uniflora and multiflora.
aquatica,
A
Nordpre-
had introduced and described
=
N.
multiflora
species
the
(Beitr.
two years
end
of
are
WGH. and
called
has
N. silvatica
their
description
VIII
1927;
of
Aralia
pentaphylla: „An distincti generis?"
2
)
rence
•i
So
is
do
REHDER
that
and
they take
WILSON
in
MIQUEL for
Journal
the
AM.
author
of
Arb.
the
only
Acanthopanax spinosus.
diffe-
Mededeelingen
50
and
MARSH,
's
Leiden:
Herbarium
Rijks
N. uniflora WGH.; SCHNEIDER gives
them in his
"Laubholz-
kunde".
REHDER is his "Manual"
KOCH in
keep
1908. They
keeps Nyssa aquatica L. s.s.;
DIPPEL and SARGENT in
1869, KOEHNE,
aquatica
N.
L.
s.s.
MARSHALL'S N. silvatica has the
KOCH has
silvatica
MARSH, beside N.
aquatica
If,
of
L.)
of them
the
before him
&
HENRY in
of N.
uniflora WGH., because
of WANGENHEIM'S N.
MARSH,
multiflora.
multiflora WGH., the others have N.
L.
LOUDON
MICH.
gives N. biflora
name
is put aside, then the two
(N.
names
multiflora) should better fit together then
( uniflora ) with MARSHALL'S silvatica; but
N. silvatica
name
and
sense
so
(N. multiflora WGH.).
LINNAEUS'
WANGENHEIM ( uniflora
one
N.
aquatica
and N. villosa MICH.
SCHNEIDER does,
as
sense
L. and
N. aquatica
in the
and
1893, ELWES
be
must
on
put
to obtain them
list
a
of nomina
legally,
specifica
rejicienda.
On
TV.
L. is
N. aquatica
1905), the
But
s.s.
two
if N.
alba L.
L.
s.s.
(cf.
not
kept
names
aquatica
(cf.
No.
No.
10).
SCHNEIDER
why
if,
the contrary,
the
5),
gives
as
Ulmus
Nyssa
a
aquatica
valid
Nyssa aquatica
LINNAEUS gives in
NYSSA, without
Beside
diagnoses)
All
an
the
"Species
not;
L.
same
s.s.
is to be done
(cf.
No.
and
s.s.
application
also
see
much
a
the
are
did,
the Rules of
and second of
Nyssa
LINNAEUS
Betula
them; but
L.?
aquatica
And
not Betula alba L. s.s., etc?
of the
question
nomen
nudum
But he
Hort. Cliff.
no
with
and Tilia europaea
principles
if
a
is
needed.
nudum of
nomen
No. 28 Halesia carolina.
(our diagnosis).
of himself in
synonym
L.
and with
6)
as
Plantarum" 1753 p. 1058:
1737 and there
this
trivial
gives
462;
gives
is
Halesia carolina.
aquatica (in margine)
"
a
synonym
Nyssa
Hortus Cliffortianus
(our art)
synonym
names
in
was
it.
phrases (unmethodical
from GRONOVIUS and CATESBY.
these
sufficient
at
in
or
so
artname
foliis integerrimis”
published
not
one
aquatica
there is
name
is
campestris
and in
to
aquatica belong legally together.
the third
N.
Dendrologists
opinion according
good example with the first
a
Unity in principles
LINNAEUS is
my
L. is treated so, the
with
same
is in
silvatica and
why does REHDER keep
With
(which
s.s.
does and the older
REHDER
synonym
description
International
phrases
for
and
diagnoses
Nyssa aquatica. But,
Congress.
may
perhaps
be
if so, it must be
treated
as
agreed about
56. Dr.
No.
No.
25.
Valckenier
J.
Azalea
sinensis
right of priority of
the
(e)
with
The
a
is
japonica
A.
called
so
that the
so
which
a name
A. mollis; and the
correct
more
causing
1829 as
Azalea mollis, is
did
A. mollis-sinensis varieties
different
But
it
shape
disappeared
varieties.
As
MIQ.).
nec
but the oldest
ASA GRAY.
It was
but
BLUME'S
simis;
and
is
A.
A. mollis
is
)
The
3
)
The
note:
for the
non
a
;
and
than
in
on
Da
name
Azalea
most
A.
mollis”,
japonica
516,
called
and
Rh.
molle G.
A. mollis
of this
which
p.
corol
ae
has
505—517,
33,
of
not
course
it
1824,
externe
(A.
p. 20—23
but without
His
chinense
infra
stuck with
BL.),
4
)).
1829;
runs:
mollis-
sericeo-tomentoso.
mollis
),
by
descripin
description
ciliatis
3
coloured
with
1923,
however
LODD.
sinensis
which
species,
can
Rhododendrum
tubo
sinensis
A.
(non
DON.
japonica, given
is:
LODDIGES in
it
it
was
of this not the oldest
name
a
villous.
in the “mollis-sinensis”
of the Chinese
name
approaches
Rhododendrum molle
„Gartenflora,
p.
splen-
so
are
account
on
"
our
years older, therefore legal.
The
botanists
next for
the
3rd.
Azalea sinensis
1:
A. sinensis.
S. u. Z. is
Rhododendrum molle MIQ.,
A.
the
a
denser consistency
called
called
The name
real
has
BL.
„Anthony Koster"
To read
species
first
AUCT.
oldest
more recent
the
SWEET
three
of
opportunity
); the species
pilosis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis basi augustatis
men,
mollis
description);
of
x
exist
to
name
floribus fasciculatis, calyce brevissimo,
practical
)
legal
sinensis by
valid.
no
or
our
(KOCH, KOEHNE, DIPPEL). The real
still continues
Azalea
not
of
cultivated,
ever
A. mollis; the leaves
properly described, i.e. legal
name
Though
which BLUME described in
Japanese species discovered later;
name
ramulis
2
4
called
subplanted by
time
folia infra mollissima are typifying.
real
hardly
little
of
are
(cf. "Gartenflora" 57th file 1908,
the
A. mollis.
superficially appears.
green-house plant;
a
the oldest and
first of all called
that
so
Azalea
it
as
and "Mitt, der Deutschen Dendr. Ges.", No.
plate;
*)
long
so
wrongly called A. sinensis, the
for the
kept
tion,
at most
a
name
itself.
intense colour than
Rhododendrum it should be
A. mollis is
have
we
be
for
has
plant,
more
); the petals
(so called A. sinensis)
S.u.Z.
If
much
from culture and was
mixed up with it
mollis
2
bad
called A. sinensis
from those of the
hardly,
is not
A. mollis
that the
is
a
A. sinensis
so
A. sinensis is
called
our so
orange-red corolla, of
specific
a
in
characteristically indicates the habitat
so
name
confusion. The fact
(e);
speciesname
japonica
of names, it is not
cross-exchange
(um), A. (Rh.)
japonica
Index Kewensis.
Azalea mollis should be called A.
this is
51
application.
generic and
a
that of the
about the
and
(e)
and mollis
combination of
a
comparison
in
mollis
(Rhododendrum)
ideas
Personal
Suringar,
with
a
a "nomen
nudum"
(name without
description, is from 1864, therefore
GRAY.
I.e. on p.
als
509,
Azalea
LODD.
und
3rd I.f.b.
instead
of
(from beneath): specimens
Azalea;
and instead
Rhododendron molle
of
point
S. u Z. nomina
instead
5 with
nuda
sind,
52
Mededeelingen 's Rijks
Herbarium Leiden:
As Rhododendrum it should be called Rh.
the note
see
end).
at the
At
japonicum SUR. (But
present these Azalea- names
in America has likewise
mittee"
applied; the "Joint-Com-
generally
are
adopted them in its "Standardized Plant-
names".
As
this
to
indicates and
Kewensis
This
Index
nearly
is
remarkable
designates the
Kewensis
and
was
the names, which
all
it
Azalea-question
is
thought that they could take the
correct
institution, because
In the
names
as
was
a
subjective choice between synonymous
not based
International Rules.
upon adequate
1735
uncertain,
was
names
"Kew Rule"
followed. Later
was
adopting new-published
case
incorrect
they
give the
certainly
only subjectively.
baria, Botanical gardens and the like
So corrections
been
others
do
rections
An
made;
instance
time
same
is
what
is
provided
we
of
a
die
Azalea
On
p.
to the
To
517
in
the
Herbary
stands
between
nor
simply
though
on
were
and
account of the
could
Her-
names.
they be made
such corrections
institutions
some
it
judged easily
supplements
adopt them,
of confusion. Moreover these
cor-
mollis and sinensis; at the
read:
Rhododendron molle.
=
=
volumes
GRAY
first
mentioned
Kew
the
dried
Azalea
specimen
following
Japan.
were
species
mollis
BL.
generally (i.a.
(Rhod. molle
G.
DON)
to
the
und
and
of
the
MAXIMOWICZ
last
belongs
mentioned
two
dried
State
specimens
Gardens.
the Mitt, der D.
brackets
the two
(Rhod. japonicum n.c.).
(Berlin),
of the
Namen:
sinense.
Rhododendron
sinense SWEET.
interchange in
English
invariable list of
an
Rhododendron
Dahlem
the
especially served for
molle G. DON. China.
wissenschaftlich richtigen
Herbary
synonym,
Rhododendron
of these old
japonica A.
was
of genera
different nature in the oldest volumes
Azalea sinensis LODD.
sind
have
to
Azalea- species
errors
Azalea mollis BL.
the time
a
cannot be
names; it
source
by the
of the Index Kewensis. Here
At
names
not critisized
was
probable,
another
instance of
an
starting point
considered wrong;
is
choice
always right, which makes the confusion greater again.
not
are
if,
this
not,
rather be
it
is small; at first
names
the species
Nevertheless in the latest
either.
complete
have
must
The
cases
many
generally rejected primary
or
compilers
primary names, and so
names, and the
name as
The Index
gives
species had already been recorded
a
new
in
it
had to restrict themselves to
and, if
names
under a different name, to
the better name, which
in any
later; with
or
the
beginning
happened; but the scientific value of those primary
it
Index
names.
useful
a
published.
are
how the
notice
to
D. G. I.e. on
20
p.
behind „Azalea chinensis"
2nd.
and
and
3rd.
behind
lines
f.b. that what
"A. mollis".
56.
No.
in the
Dr.
J. Valckenier Suringar,
works of KOCH,
Dendrological
certainly two, which
were
It is
holzkunde".
in the
=
molle G. DON is
Rh. sinense; Rh. sinense Sw. grows
Further
i.e.
as
which is to be
Azalea mollis
Finally
a
regretted
in
our
molle S.
Suppl.
IV
a
so
behind
become
must
called
the:
And
Z., MIQ.
G.
non
the primary name,
for the
name
called
so
DON.).
Rhod.
BL.
Rhododendron
=
Metternichii S.
correction is
japonicum
indicates
the
Metternichii.
Z.
u.
made; there
SCHN.:
we
find:
Hymenanthes
previous
japonica.
(in Tome
name
I), which
synonym)*).
a
This correction is
and
in China.
GRAY,
case; it is the correct
u.
Rhododendron
name
Rhododendron molle
=
Japan but
in
not
distinguished
also
were
find:
we
Rhododendron
wrong
in two ways; Rhod. Metternichii should
japonicum
volume
"Laubholzkunde",
japonicum;
the alteration is
withdrawn
to be the correct
the correct
is
name
name
SCHNEIDER
II,
nichii into Rhod.
ted
they
but without reference to
synonym,
(Rhod.
A.
japonica
Hymenanthes japonica
name;
in SCHNEIDER'S "Laub-
applied
find:
we
italics,
now
Jahrg. 1908) showed,
one
that
identical with Rh. sinense SWEET.
Azalea
(the
first
was
53
application.
KOEHNE) taken for
Index Kewensis. But Azalea mollis BL. is not
but
In
about the
DIPPEL and
therefore remarkable that
Rh.
in
ideas
"Gartenflora" 57.
species. My investigation (see
there
Personal
actually
but at the back of the
as
incorrect
for Rhod.
and Rh.
alters
keep its
In
molle.
Rhod.
his
Metter-
book, under "Nachtrag",
japonicum SUR.
for Rhod. molle MIQ. Cf. also No.
is admit-
26, the last
two alinea's.
It is
thes
question if
a
ciesname
japonica
1835 and of
for Azalea
rect
SCHNEIDER
japonica BL. 1826
japonica
name
is
right with this improvement. Hymenan-
generally taken
older then
ASA GRAY 1857. But if Rh.
Rh. Metternichii
S.u.Z.,
(Rh. sinense SWEET 1829), then
Azalea mollis HORT.
*)
name
"Nomina
Suppl. IV).
there
japonicum
japonicum
Rh.
1864)
be
as a
a
molle
new
1908
SCHN. is the
G.
for Azalea sinensis
must
jap. I.
from
name
cor-
1834
DON
LODD. 1824
made for
Rhododendrum! That
our
name
japoniense.
SCHNEIDER'S idea
with the
(Rhod.
Metternichii in Fl.
while
name
molle MIQ.
and the spe-
Rhododendrum,
name
my combination Rh.
(Azalea mollis BL. 1826) is the legal
could be Rh.
a
as
is older than SIEBOLD'S
course
for
is
can
Cytisus
be defended in the
albus HACQ.
antea usitata
sub
(see
nomina
no.
nunc
same
manner
as
REHDER does
14): the combination Rhododen-
utenda
recitata sunt" (Monendum in
54
Mededeelingen
drum
japonicum SUR. 1908
right
cies name, so its
If this is
drum
Herbarium
Rijks
is the first
rejected
priority prevails
japonicum
principle, and if
on
for
so-called
our
SCHN.
japonicum
Rhododendrum
Leiden:
combination of this
in the older combination
japonica
name
of
's
generic and spe-
that of the separate
over
species-
Hymenanthes japonica 1826.
likes to
one
Azalea
must be
keep the
mollis
on
put
AUCT.,
Rhododen-
name
then
the
list of nomina
a
name
specifica
rejicienda.
question like this
A
but
case,
See
must not be treated
albus
Cytisus
No. 26. Azalea
A
and occidentalis
based upon
name
An
Index
Azalea
lutea L.
1910)
I
ephemeral
in
the
not
=
in
conception
the
the
his
"Laubholzkunde";
two
may bear
upon;
the
1753,
My above
was
of
plants.
that
luteum
name, viz.
description
Azalea lutea
not
quite
the
are
correct.
would
name
)
n.c.
the
BRITTON'S
and
and
reason
one
"n.c. „nova
American
=
nomen-
botanists
A. calendulacea
calendulacea. Of
n.c.
course
SCHNEIDER'S Rh. luteum
that at
length only
which represents
and SCHNEIDER'S
synonyms,
which
given
For there also exists
deem
he
name
also be
for
the
a
LINNAEUS
that the
familiar specific
in
a
n.c.
of the
Azalea lutea
conception
with his
must
species;
in
species
already existed
combinatio", i.e.
Rhododendrum with
such
a new
one
gives
is
with
A. nudiflora
new
L.
based
his
1763.
combination,
Rhododendrum luteum SWEET
a
that this
priori
a
might
luteum
though that specific
J
of the
Rhododendrum luteum
statement that Rhododendrum luteum is
1830. One
use
Azalea
identical with those
Azalea lutea L.; but it
to
as
It stands to
do not know what
I
us
)
1763 into
1824). Schneider adopts
Torr.
his
x
que le roi".
other
1763, but
L.
in
n.c.
species Rh. nudiflorum by the side of his Rh. luteum. Accor-
different
two
and
A. nudiflora
known to
plant
dingly, my Rhododendrum
are
BRITTON
Agricultural
name
starting-point
as
"plus royaliste
of
(Rhododendrum calendulaceum
therefore is
maintains
of the Dutch
Rhododendrum luteum
name
LINNAEUS altered the
true,
opinion
1753 is
Azalea lutea L.
this
name.
have taken 1753
we
clature and therefore have to be
However,
the
(e).
determination.
an erroneous
gave i.a.
It is
1753).
nudiflora, but
MICH. 1803
special
Kewensis.
Arboretum, etc." (Communications
Academy, Vol. 3,
(Azalea
a
(Rhododendrum), lutea (um), nudiflora (um),calendulacea (um),
Again the
"The
to
14), the last alinea.
(no.
rubra (um)
In
incidently with regard
principle.
on
be
the
same
plant
for SWEET had the
as
right
the genus Rhododendrum,
the genus Azalea.
combination
name luteum
was
of
the
made
existing
here
for
generic
name
the first
time.
Dr.
56.
No.
Valckenier
J.
Personal
Suringar,
ideas
about the
We need not treat of the
consequences of those two
designation
refers to
pontica
Azalea
our
L.
Rhododendrum No. 31
luteum
Bot. Mag. t. 433. Azalea
It is
a
The Director of the
Kew Garden informed
species, whilst,
the
,
Azalea
though
to the Rules of
according
luteum has
legal
a
B.M.
pontica
In
It
opinion
and instead
is
a
synonym,
name
Rhododendrum
flavum D.DON,
acknowledged by SCHNEIDER
in his
by REHDER
1923.
"Laubgeholze"
that of SWEET should be put
in
Azalea
flavum and
L.
pontica
on
or
A. calendulacea
Rhododendrum
as
But the
ponticum.
not
the genus Rhododendrum
that Rhododendrum luteum
reason
write
us
that
luteum and
names
myself for Azalea nudiflora
both of
as
the
specifica rejicienda.
represented
stands to
like
name
might be thought strange
ponticum
follows:
as
Hardy Shrub.
altogether. Meanwhile,
of Rhododendrum
SILVA TAROUCA in his
by
ephemeral
an
of nomina
species got the
It
mentioned
out
"Nachtrag" of his "Laubholzkunde" and applied
my
list
runs
6.
flavum (1834) for
1905, SWEET'S casually given
right;
"Manual" of 1927, also
a
is
himself is left
Rh. luteum SWEET should be written, which is
in the
1793. 5.
Rhododendrum
name
Rh. luteum of SWEET
name
1830, p. 343
Turkey
in the third edition of the "Hortus Britannicus"
D. DON'S
adopts
yellow.
pontica B. M.
peculiar fact that
SWEET
1839,
our
for Rh. luteum SWEET
that SWEET'S "Hortus Britannicus" ed. 2.
me
possibilities for
and A. calendulacea,
nudiflora
of Azalea
55
application.
n.c.
of SCHNEIDER
respectively
is
rejected
TORR. and Rh.
again: Rhododendrum nudiflorum
name
by Rh. ponticum
L.
and
now;
calendu-
laceum.
But
regarded
Azalea’s
as
lutea therefore is
name
of the two must bear the
one
is called
Rhododendrum luteum Sw.
as
Azalea:
free and is due to that
A. pontica
one
of the
name
A third
in
flora
L.
A. lutea
=
=
has been
possible by the side of Azalea lutea
writer)
and
nudiflora L.
A. lutea L.
L.
=
A. nudi-
A. calendulacea MICH.
A. calendulacea MICH.;
A. lutea L. p.p.
=
=
SCHNEIDER); namely REHDER'S, who considers
L. +
nudiflora
and
diffe-
expressed
and A. calendulacea MICH.
(partly)
A. lutea L.
p.p.
This
conception
instance
Azalea
But,
of
L.
A.
is
to the
to BRITTON
A.
as
beginning.
conception
(according
(according
rently:
the
specific
species nudiflora
and calendulacea, which is deemed synonymous with A. lutea L.,
expounded
lutea; for
the
L.;
that
nudiflora
in
my
1905, the
published
from
it
may
be
involves
L.
and
opinion,
name
first, viz.
in
variously
the
rejection
of
A. calendulacea
that
Azalea
Azalea
third
lutea
L.
it
explained;
Azalea
MICH,
both
conception,
1753
may
lutea
should
be
L.;
accepted
in
continue
to
for
case
exist.
the Rules
according
to
be
for
kept
this
the
part
nudiflora L.1763 (A. calendulacea MICH, dates
1803); and then my conception
A. lutea L.
=
A.
nudiflora
L. is
again
Mededeelingen
56
in
force and
There is
and
BRITTON
SCHNEIDER'S
Azalea
complication:
a
described in
1798
selectarum icones
Herbarium
Rijks
's
Leiden:
conception
curator MEERBURG
by the Leyden
be
must
MICH.
calendulacea
1803
in
already
"Plantarum
his
in colour under the
pictae" and represented
rejected.
was
Azalea
name
rubra.
If therefore
and
not
Azalea
Azalea lutea
A.
=
L.
calendulacea should
Rhododendrum rubrum
BRITTON
(as
If
however
Azalea
dulacea MICH., it should be called: Azalea lutea L.
rubrum
n.c.
On the
MEERBURG
Azalea
L.
lutea
long stamens); and he draws them
I
case
ovatis
is of
important character;
deem the character of the
mates Azalea
Beside
DIETR.,
this
Azalea
MEERB .; I shall not
not be
in
left out;
calendulacea
rubra
MEERB.
A. calendulacea
older than
there
of
a
journey,
it
MEERB.,
free
is
for
the
No. 33,
In
1923
find
we
the first
dendrum
der
"Mitteilungen
two
luteum
flavum G. DON
a
as
and Azalea
ponticum
pontica
Suppl. V
L.
we
L.
are
fact
that
in
the
As
the
question
panax
name
if
Azalea
such
pentaphyllus
a
calendulacea
name
MARSH,
in
is
valid.
II,
no.
236.
*)
conceptions.
names
Rhodo-
calendulaceum;
identified with Rh.
Rh.
ponticum L.,
Rh. calendulaceum,
volume of
names
HOOK. &
Cf.
et ARN.
find:
same
SCHNEIDER withdraws his change of
!)
Rh.
the first should be
name
A. occi-
Gesellschaft"
of the above
and
in
had to
rejected for
Accordingly
placed (cf.
Rh. luteum Sw. however is not withdrawn. And the
overlooked the
the
TORR.
can
Azalea
ARNOTT
is
name
Dendrologischen
Rhododendrum luteum SCHN.:
i.e., that instead of the second
called
they thought they
volumes, the Index Kewensis gives the
Rh.
approxi-
other event
and
HOOKER
exposition
the
aurantiaca
Azalea
(Rh.) calendulacea (um)I HOOK,
Deutschen
schematical
SWEET,
which is wrong. Next in
p.53).
1857
this latter
A. occidentalis
dentalis TORR. should be called A.
In
TORR.
because
are an
recent than A. rubra
was
deal with Azalea calendulacea MICH. And
A. rubra
an
more
by
corolla and
that colour
1841
botanical
corollis
corolla and
an
(Rhododendrum calendulaceum)
their account
influence.
stamens
implicate this species in the case. But
Azalea occidentalis
calen-
it.
exists
but
MICH.,
hairy
long
hairy
drawing
nudiflora’s, for which REHDER takes
no
lanceolatis,
too. The very
colour of the flowers of much less value; in the
think),
respectively
Azalea
=
pilosis, staminibus longissimis" (with oblong oval leaves,
very
the case,
respectively Rhododendum
"foliis
rubra,
think is
SCHNEIDER
MEERB.
designation of Azalea nudiflora the
describes
I
as
and
Azalea rubra
be called:
n.c.
L.,
A. nudiflora
=
calendulacea MICH,
Pinus
his
ARN.
was
name
based on
BONGARD
on
"Laubholzkunde",
and puts the
inops
note 1
compiler has
in
I,
Rh. luteum
an error, there
no.
6,
is
Acantho-
Fig.
Tab. 8
p.p.
Azalea Rubra,
12.
NICOLAAS
Selectarum icones
Meded. R. H.
no.
56.
MEERBURG,
pictae,
1798.
Plantarum
No.
56.
Sw. instead
is still the
How
Dr.
of
Personal
Suringar,
as
Rh.
No. 27.
etc? Cf. also
no.
Akebia lobata and
Symplocos crataegoides
obtained from MAKINO
MARINO'S
which he
totus
et ramuli
venosa,
lineam
erecti,
maiori et
it
as
patentissima,
Thunbergianum
took S.
hue
crataegoides
paniculata MIQ.,
non
species separately),
quences for the
DON
—-
S.
))
ex
D.Don
Fl.
paniculata
etc.)
REHDER
THUNB.
the
follow
Fl.
name
him.
1784,
Jap.
paniculata
runs:
ovatis.
Caulis
arboreus,
petiolata, ovata,
erecti. Folia sparsa,
bipollicaria
pollicaria,
ultra.
et
paniculati, albi. Panicula ampla, paten1.
panicula florum
2. floribus minoribus, 3. foliis
magis oblongis,
quodam modo similis:
ILL 102
1867, this description
Symplocos crataegoides;
does
and therefore he adds
species, which he calls S. paniculata ("Synonymum
retuli,
BUCH.
cum
for
in
a
diagnosi nihil repugnet"); and
different
WALLICH quae S.
he could
so
give
crataegoides.
name
1
paniculata MIQ.; and
as
Miquel
plant (MIQUEL gives “Symplocos
crataegoides DON", and he treats this
the
But
name
paniculata
nowadays
ask, is there
without
take S.
we
reason
enough
conse-
crataegoides
to
put
the
crataegoides behind paniculata only because THUNBERG'S description
name
paniculata does
may take for
granted that THUNBERG, calling the plant
reason
for
the
that; and then
same
) Cf.
about
this
as an
name
we
not
come
have
I.
into conflict with S.
no reason
KOIDZUMI I.e.
manner
trifoliata THUNB.
l
in
has
1825,
Nep.
kerrioides
of his Prunus
In
names
serratis.
into conflict with
his
synonym to
for
paniculata.
patulis, foliis
MIQUEL writes in "Ann. Mus. bot."
a
firm base
Symplocos crataegoides.
alterni,
Flores
inferne attenuatis acuteque
come
1
glabra, inaequalia,
longi.
the Index
to
species.
Prunus
P. Mahaleb, cui
a
and
Rhodotypus
Prunus
upon
description of his
glaber. Rami
tissima. Differt
As
no.
paniculata floribus paniculatis
Petioli
not
18
identifies with
(MAKINO)
acuta, serrata,
longe
in
(Ham.
a
way
SCHNEIDER, TAROUCA and
relies
name
THUNBERG'S
P.
according
trifoliata.
uncertain
BUCH.
(cf.
BAILEY,
paniculata;
57
application.
7.
Symplocos crataegoides
Two
the
L.
ponticum
Index Kewensis be in this
the
Herbaria, seed-catalogues,
S.
about
ideas
Rh. flavum G. DON, which species
same
can
Valckenier
J.
(cf.
to
no.
29
Abies spectabilis.
crataegoides?
We
Prunus, had good
identify it with a Symplocos.
21) has interpreted Clematis
Akebia and identified it with
no.
a
Akebia lobata DCNE.
58
Mededeelingen
Thereby REHDER
trifoliata
II
his
of
description
1794 p. 337
ovatis
foliolis
in
runs
In "Flora
his
semiunguicularis,
scandens L.
to
described the
glabris:
ternatis
emarginata,
species (in the group
petiolata,
ternata, patentissi-
inaequilatera,
sinuata,
glabra,
glabri.
gemmis
similis
Ophioglosso
instructa fuisset foliaceis".
nowadays called Lygodium scandens Sw.
is
Linn.
"Transact.
oppositis
Jap."
capillares,
omnes
But THUNBERG'S
Akebia
weakened
folia
fruits,
Fl.
quinata
the
lobata;
the
by
nor
Jap.;
of the leaves
description
he
so
DECAISNE recognized
scan-
Ophioglossum
and has
likeness
no
but
opposita
instead
genus-
in 1839 his Akebia
quinata
DECAISNE does not
not
seems
well-described
to
name
me
that further
or
and
had
is
no
family character.
in THUNBERG'S
Rajania
mention THUNBERG'S Clematis
that
put
so
is
necessary before changing
insufficiently
an
his beside his
plant of
much likeness.
study
of DECAISNE into
much shorter
alterna. THUNBERG
of
could not fix
any
Rajania quinata, although the leaves had
Therefore it
1784 doubtless resembles
in
1794 is
of
description
trifoliata; and THUNBERG himself did
a
Akebia
species:
Akebia lobata.
those of
flowers
in
trifoliata
remarkable that THUNBERG adds: ,,Adeo
denti ut idem dixissem nisi
at all
that
unguicularia. Petiolus communis sesquipollicaris, partialis
pallida,
It is
1927
"foliis
with "folia alterna
obtusa,
ovata,
Clematis
1784 THUNBERG
Japonica"
Foliola
subtus
of
caule scandente.
repando-dentatis,
„plantae obscurae")
ma.
"Manual"
in this way:
Scandens foliis ternatis Fl.
of
Leiden:
Herbarium
Rijks
KOIDZ.
THUNBERG'S
Soc."
calls
's
described
name
of THUNBERG.
But
here
again and again
International deliberation and conclusion
are
needed.
No. 28. Halesia tetraptera and carolina.
A name,
rejected by LINNAEUS, again adopted.
A
The
contain, all
of
the author's
edition of
to
name
his
*)
The
2
Rajania
)
them,
be
a
italics
L.
the
of
species
LINNAEUS.
"Species
LINNAEUS
that
works
Dendrological
nudum taken
nomen
already
LINNAEUS
Plantarum"
in
his
valid.
KOEHNE
tetraptera
beside H.
gives
this
species
it
1763. Afterwards
"Systema Naturae"
X
DIPPEL
and
KOCH,
LOUDON,
Halesia
as
diptera, with
in
was
(1759)
the
second
discovered
had
given
a
are mine.
is
a
Stauntonia.
genus
The
umbellatis, axillaribus.
in the
family Dioscoreaceae.
flowers of
R.
quinata
TH.
are
R.
hexaphylla
described
in
TH.
this
has
appeared
way:
floribus
No.
56.
Dr.
Valckenier
J.
Halesia carolina; and,
as
i.e. CATESBY Car.
mentions
A.
Domini
regard
in
given
not
the
cases
Rules,
our
I t.
case
plant
same
same
a
as
literature,
nudum!
nomen
Sp. PL
has
ELLIS
64.
of Halesia the
LINNAEUS
from Mr. ELLIS.
=
to
car.
that it is the first and in the
which is
Ellisii
apparently the
T. II, p. 1040:
gives I.e.,
means
59
application.
of his later works reminds
none
in both
carolina. A. HALESIA. Ellisii; Catesb.
the genus,
about the
11, p. 501.50.
This Halesia carolina L. is, with
LINNAEUS
ideas
synonym, it is
a
LINNAEUS
for
H. tetraptera;
LINNAEUS in
though
of this name, neither
us
Personal
Suringar,
only species in
1753. Ellisii
the
proposed
genus
means
and its
name.
When
(cf. I,
we
No.
take
12)
having
Alnus
or
they conform
to
name,
But LINNAEUS named
our
species
The species
consequence.
cies from all
more
other known
less than
nor
So, if there
LINNAEUS'
take them
national
without such
are
valid; but
as
If it is
Congress.
As to the author's
a
0
Amongst
dron,
the
1759
Buxus
Sp.
and
one
ex
diagnoses)
CATESBY,
Linnaea
"Flora
from
distinguish the spe-
purpose.
species
name
(diagnosis)
to treat the
I
think
at
question
of
must
we
Inter-
an
favourable manner, then the
the
was
names
name
legal one.*)
PH. CART.
to
1763,
are:
WEBB, which
nuda
such.nomina
of
is
in Phil
printed
LINNAEUS
in
Sp.Pl.
Liriodendron Tulipifera, Stewartia Malacoden-
Nyssa
and
Linnaea borealis
are not sp
with sufficient
others
good
and
of
more
or
other
or
less
have
Ledum
lapponica"; several
are
Rhodora canadensis,
aquatica,
Halesia
Ledum palustre,
borealis.
works
which
noses); those of
virg.)
of much
LINNAEUS is that for the
in
genus. ELLIS wrote
,,Hortus Cliffortianus",
from
not
sempervirens, Calycanthus floridus, Amorpha fruticosa, Hamamelis virginiana,
Nyssa aquatica
name)
PI.
a
is
tetraptera,
name
hardy ligneous plants
and
Hydrangea arborescens,
carolina
in
to
(diagnosis).
name
good
accepted
letter, dating 20 Nov. 1760,
1753, Syst.
species
be
was
officinalis and many other
Paeonia
it will
than
carolina, being older
a
that
a
name.
it should contain not
genus;
same
species known,
one
needed. Halesia carolina,
not
in the
L.
diagnosis, speciesname; and
(our diagnosis)
species
Linnaean
a
trivial name, useful but
as
exactly necessary for
only
was
him
by
name
call the
we
give
meant to
course
that, which
taken
name was
because
names
does not conform to
description,
without
being
valid
as
made without the intention of
are
might regard the name Halesia carolina
we
LINNAEUS of
Rules, though
like Cedrus libani TREW.
names
vulgaris HILL. (cf. II, No. 5)
Linnaean name, then
a
opinion)
Rules though they
our
invalid because the
our
in my
(rightly
as
of
similar
a
ex
than
to
(with Liriod. Tul.,
So,
synonym
them
botanists
of no value.
a
palustre
"
a
have
synonym
phrases
LINNAEUS; Nyssa
LINNAEUS'
might
still
(unmethodical
aquatica
has
two
of
speciesnames (methodical diag-
Buxus semp.,
division
without sufficient synonym
diagnosis (Linnaean species-
Flora suecica", Linnaea borealis
be
Amorpha frut.
made
descriptions.
between
and
Hamam.
nomina
nuda
60
Mededeelingen
Transact.
1760
LI, year
the characters
liberty
of two
call after
to
ALEX GARDEN
Mr.
DE
two
wings
"
has
from
the
author's
names
but may
Joint
H
same
wonder that
ELLIS.
LINNAEUS in
of
adopting
to all
his
L. and
an
That is
was
country
to be
is
a
)
obtusifolium
ELLIS,
like
it.
name
With
we
also
carolina
himself
before
Halesia
belongs
to
mentions
in
diptera)
ELLIS is the
correct
find in the
Dendrological
BAILEY'S
"Cyclopedia",
in
1
so
).
in
no
himself has
more
discovered.
so
reason
to
in
retain
the
number of
both
distinguish
names
1759, when
1763, when another
Moreover
character to
the
changed the
characteristic in
was
no
1763 took
pure conservatism,
not necessary
LINNAEUS
species;
tetraptera and diptera
that
tetraptera
name
name,
rejected by LINNAEUS?
For such
of
deed in
an
International
Congress.
Ligustrum ibota, ciliatum and obtusifolium.
SIEBOLD and
1846)
a
only needed that the name H. carolina will be put
specifica rejicienda" by
SCHNEIDER, REHDER and the older Dendrologists agree
X
and
the official
(tetraptera and
species
(1761);
this
name
significant
there
ephemeral
No. 29.
prt. 3, p. 168,
1761
system of nomenclature, built upon LINNAEUS' work, instead
list of "nomina
trum
is
plant and
name
diptera ELL.
Well,
cause.
LINNAEUS
NOW,
a
in
name
LINNAEUS
LINNAEUS
and
REHDER,
. tetraptera.
the spirit of LINNAEUS it is
on a
by
sent
was
adopted
species
names
species known, but
one
fruitwings appeared
from
and Dr.
has
1759,
in
the
so
other
According
and
deeper
a
only
the
the
Committee in America has in its"Standardized Plantnames"
name
have
in
take
him
published
has
LINNAEUS
carolina into tetraptera; the first
species
which
Georgia....
ELLIS
Halesia,
Halesia carolina
was
the
before
The fruit of this kind
(Halesia),
tree
in
Roy. Soc. vol. 51, p.931
SCHNEIDER
retained the
no
to
the two
of both.
name
of
lay
shall
I
HALES
Dr. STEPHAN
that ELLIS described the two
1763,
But the
there
which
plants,
of
name.
name
About
in Phil.Transact.
name
of
genera
letter
mentioning.
genus
PL 11
the
account
is to
LINNAEUS and that LINNAEUS
such
no
LINNAEUS.
works
it
proposed
friend Prof.
Sp.
1761) under the title "An
his Gardenia ELLIS writes that he laid the
About
As
Auguda
But, though
author of the genus
there is
Leiden:
"The intent of this
worthy friends
our
species of this
BRAHME,
probably
new
Herbarium
Rijks
About two years ago, I received from Governor ELLIS of
another
Georgia
his
(publ.
Halesia and Gardenia”:
plants
you
's
=
LINNAEUS
ZUCCARINI
L. ibota SIEBOLD
in
1763,
does
not
(in
in
taking Ligus-
Abh. Akad. Miinchen
IV
Verh. Batav. Gen. XII, p.
35,
(in
mention
in
1761
the
earlier name
carolina.
No.
56.
L. ibota S. &
1830) and
2
Herb. SIEB.
In
Z.
)
with
L. ibota S.
based
a
upon
erroneous
in
doomed,
identification
(with
seems
Nevertheless
S.
&
Z.
(with
S.
&
Z.
(with
L. ibota
(of
to be the
same
more
in
REHDER has
the synonymous
the
identification
erroneous
appeared
the older
name
racemosus
Symphoricarpus
in BAILEY'S
REHDER gives
Symphoricarpus
S.
synonymous
Cyclopedia.
an
a
name,
with
may be
L.
the
ones;
L. ibota
obtusifolium
3
)
for
Then
not based
they
an
names.
reason
nudum!
on
it?
the
an
to the years
and, according
correct
upon
that prin-
names
S.) and
a nomen
erroneous
Z.
&
1927 the
legally speaking,
also
are
of
found in
the oldest
course
Vaccinium
pedunculis
V. album L.
is
SIEBOLD
and
racemosus
own
"Manual" of 1927
wellknown
on
Symphoricarpus
Vaccinium album L.
MICH.
1753,
1863; and then albus
of his
Vaccinium album
simplicibus,
tres
foliis
ad
apices
runs:
integerrimis,
ramorum
ovatis,
subtus
pedunculis aggre-
nudis.
found with
the
description,
same
1802. LOUDON too gives it
"Synopsis"
1829 and
our
speciesname relies
tomentosis. Frutex. Flores duo vel
PERSOON'S
and in his
speciesname.
description
gates brevissimis
and albus.
racemosus
Cyclopedia
by him with S.
LINNAEUS'
1855, with the
ZUCCARINI
as
in his
LINNAEUS had in
"Encyclopedia
communication: flowers
give „Ligustrum ibota SIEB." with
of
white, flowering
a
long description
of
own.
2
)
3
) I.E.: „CX1 Ligustrum.
h.b.
his
Acanthopanax
upon
SIEB.). SO,
What
albus BLAKE to
MICH. REHDER'S
which is identified
*)
in
Dendrological works of KOCH, KOEHNE and DIPPEL.
No. 30.
plants"
(see
obtusifolium
to be
are
the
names are
the
in his
not agree, that
L. ciliatum
S.).
granted.
gives
to choose SCHNEIDER'S
interpretation;
or
introduction, REHDER'S
their
name
with
bases
"Manual" of
L. ibota
synonym
L.
ex
of SIEBOLD and ZUCCARINI
Z.
L. ibota
reason
his
&
BLUME,
take that for
valid
not
61
application.
L. ciliatum
same names
names
and
SIEB.)
the
the
the synonym L. obtusi-
BLUME)
is
L. ibota S.
of SIEBOLD and ZUCCARINI
names
is of
23b), both
No.
ibota SIEBOLD has
Ligustrum
the
identification,
because
interpretation
erroneous
ciple, there
=
with
SIEB.
SIEB. (i.e.
Z. And BAILEY has the
MARSH,
be
to
*)
so we
principle of REHDER, with which I do
pentaphyllus
seem
&
c., 1846
about
introduction, SCHNEIDER
L. ibota
names
ideas
I, p. 312,1850;
Z. and L. ciliatum
&
With the
SIEB., I.
the years of
"Laubholzkunde" the
name
non
in Mus. Bot. L. B.
accordance
folium S.
Personal
Dr. J. Valckenier Suringar,
Mus.
=
Bot.
vidi
„Vivit in
in
hoc
L.
B. 1312:
horto
No.
L.
721
Ligustrum
ibota SIEB.,
botanico).
frutice
insectum,
"
ciliatu
Ibota
m (Herb. SIEB.),
Japon (v.v.h.b.)";
with
(v.v.
=
description.
vivam vidi;
62
Mededeelingen
's
Rijks
May—June, shrub of 2 feet. Now,
coloured
so
flowers, flowering
and
Symphoria
LOUDON
teum ciliatum
album
L.
species,
takes in his
is the
Symphoricarpus
of
change
This
L.,
Symphoricarpus
a
pink coloured, flowering
Vaccinium album L.
Dr.
V.
Xylos-
=
L.
corymbosum
BIJHOUWER), Vaccinium
Symphoricarpus racemosa, lower than the
SILVA
identification
a
of
case
for
general
TAROUCA and
cheir
in
stances;
amabilis
is
of
not
album
Vaccinium
yet
certain
with
L.
enough
our
justify
to
a
Cedrus
following
and
(Prinus),
Larix
to different
and
libani,
followed
Kaempferi
names,
and
unity, especially
Juniperus
Picea
1922
we
Abies Lowiana
communis
alba and
var.
(deltoides),
glabra (scabra)
Maclura
pomifera
purea) and denudata (Yulan),
many
in-
Pseudolarix
Picea
jezoënsis
Tilia
MAST.),
But
(nana).
Abies
subalpina.
TAROUCA and SCHNEIDER
Quercus
and
(lasiocarpa
montana
and
excelsa,
in accordance with REHDER
balsamifera
Ulmus
find:
(leptolepis),
Laubgeholze" 1923, SILVA
names
in
REHDER
Tsuga heterophylla (Mertensiana CARR.)
(SARG.; Pattoniana),
In "Unsere Freiland
(japonica),
have
Nadelholzer"
(alcockiana),
Thuja plicata (gigantea)
(balsamifera)
ideas, leading
SCHNEIDER
,,Freiland
bicolor
and Mertensiana
keep
personal
use.
(Kaempferi),
(ajanensis) and
have the
MICH,
International deliberation and decision for
requires
Bealii
high;
variety pauciflorus).
the
racemosus
again is
chauxii
pink
M.
probable.
V. album LAM. under
a
If
has
racemosa.
"Prodromus"
our
about
name.
in books etc.
they
S.
our
racemosus
becoming
Vaccinium
(communication from
variety of
a
opinion
my
which
and
with fewer flowers and with the underside of the leaves tomentous
(probably this
In
give, beside
PURSH, and he has
was
Symphoricarpus
June—July
4 f. This is
to REHDER
According
Leiden:
racemosa; LOUDON adds: flowers
July—Sept., Shrub of
DECANDOLLE
our
V. album L. is not
the identification with
PERSOON
resp.
in
Herbarium
:
Populus tacamahaca
borealis
foliacea (campestris),
(aurantiaca),
Magnolia
glabra (americana),
Q.
(rubra),
Mi-
Mahonia
liliflora
(pur-
Ailanthus altissima
(glandulos).
Cytisus multiflorus (albus LK), Lespedeza Sieboldii (racemosa),
multiflora
(toringo),
(longipes),
Exochorda
Rhododendrum
(flavum), Halesia
luteum
racemosa
japonicum
carolina
(grandiflora),
(molle AUCT.),
Elaeagnus
Malus
(sinense
molle
Sieboldii
AUCT.),
(tetraptera), Symplocos paniculata (cratae-
goides).
But
tata),
they have kept the
Magnolia
Celastrus
hypoleuca
names:
and
Betula alba
glauca,
(pubescens),
Akebia
lobata,
Q. falcata (digi-
Vitis
Coignetiae,
orbiculatus, Chaenomeles japonica and Maulei, Chimonanthus, Rho-
No.
56. Dr.
J. Valckenier Suringar, Personal ideas about
dotypus kerrioides,
chinensis
63
application.
Hydrangea opuloides, Acanthopanax pentaphyllus, Aralia
mandshurica and
var.
the
Symphoricarpus
racemosa.
Retrospection.
In
all
the above treated
for
pleaded
Of course,
their
natural
and
notwithstanding
ideas, especially
own
But for
idea and
one
that at
necessary
after serious
names,
a
former ideas and
an
artificial
tical man, has
As
He,
and
of them.
system
ever
name
permanent;
other
cases
have
not.
with the
unpleasant
a
But
means
it
has
a
always
aim to
thereby of
that the
Congress and there
One
cause
Betula alba
of
L.,
All
applied
those
in the
and
etc.
general
as soon
history of
changing
names, which
names
the
in
nobody,
have to
advantages and
are
far
only possible
not
or
to
is
referring
as
they
can
even
a
prac-
conscientiously
reject
a
names;
desirable,
specifica
such
must be decided in
always
can
campestris
L.,
the
deed will
be
a
saved
rejicienda".
is in
many cases,
liable to differences of
an
opinion
International
another; unity
question
con-
some
always be rejec-
conservanda et
one sense or
to
a
in
conscientiously,
can
must be treated at
cases
but
name, such
if
inde-
to names
be executed
application of the Rules
disagreement points
Ulmus
accepted
journals
include
judged legal but is undesirable,
names.
Even
must take the
so
though independent of natural relationship,
and
be
and honoured instead of the
ideas and
1905,
save
list of "nomina
appeared
will
them.
judged illegal but which
of
are
proceeds;
which
scientific
descendency,
Everlasting
majority
or
it
unity,
of name-question,
in scientific
plants
accepted
with other
consequences
name, which is
ted, by
not
predisposed
name, which is
and
If
the botanists will
case
a
science
ideas
who wishes
to the Nomenclature Rules of
or
with
the natural relation
that
ideas.
personal
own
of
use;
pendent of questions of natural relationship,
scientiously
keep
do
to
like, there may be unity,
gain
and with artificial names;
preferred
use.
personal ideas is partly
for each
Congress
and the
must then be
names.
disadvantages
their
cannot be
do with natural relation
the
To
species.
every
may obtain
majority
as
have
imperfectly known,
in the natural relation of
names, those changes
with
for
keep
names
insight
ideas
long
as
general
use, botanists
We cannot prevent it.
International
can
unity-ideas and
by
and
in Handbooks and such
name
for
general
personal
by the minorities, for general
those minorities
more
names.
investigation, theidea
and honoured
those
descendency;
use,
an
for
I have
nomenclature,
agreement
agreement
when
in
disagreement
of them. That difference of
in different
practical
an
plants will be
account
on
expressed
as
of
descendency
one
and
relationship
disagree
of
cases
International deliberation and
is needed!
how far old names, like
Tilia europaea and
Nyssa aquatica,
64
Mededeelingen
which have been divided into
Methinks,
stricto.
far
as
's
than
more
that this conforms to the Rules of 1905
Another
to how
points
case
we
species,
is
therefore
P. contorta,
no.
6;
no.
also
S.
Pinus
Z.
&
23b,
ibota and
And if
and the
SIEB.
obtusifolium
one
takes
a
I,
a
new
illegal
an
See
II,
II,
no.
belong
to
an
to
make
a
make
mistake
a
name
BONG.,
a
is
it,
name to
known
already
In
contrast,
though relying
with
or
garding
crime;
rubra
on
a
false
if
we
have
always possible.
contorta),
can
always
are
to
do
If mistakes do not
P.
judged undesirable (so perhaps
DUROI'S
we
are
may
to evade
identification,
at the
no.
and
rubra DUR.
keep Quercus
same
2). Practical
botanists too.
science
certainty
per-
mistakes,
on
be
on
put
inops
list
a
of
Q.
men
will
and
him),
though identified
L.;
probably advocate this and
keeping
leave mistakes
AUCT. after
confusing cross-exchange
rubra
accustomed. For that would
not
(and
would be better at all
It
mistake
our
time
a
Q.
than disre-
events
L.
rubra
in
DUROI'S
be, scientifically spoken,
unredressed.
Cf.
3
no.
( Quercus
etc.).
Other
lus
could
we
sense, to which
a
P.
not
if
with
relying
names
are
rejicienda".
putting aside
some
know
always
name,
for
name
Q. digitata (cf. I,
perhaps
must
invalid, such
specifica
of names,
that
species,
and botanists too
if names,
Moreover,
not; and that is
legal
the
"nomina
mistakes.
then we
judged invalid,
with
II
of that species appears to be in itself invalid? I think not, but
name
valid names, because "errare humanum est"
mitted
in
Ligustrum
others think the contrary. Methinks that it is safer to treat all such
as
I,
race-
29.
no.
species and gives
appears to
26 and
a
Part
MARSH,
pentaphyllus
3);
name
17, Desmodium
no.
ARN. in
&
Zucc. in
&
plant for
plant
in
GAERTN.
(cf.
the
no.
could be
case
BONGARD
inops
12, Acanthopanax
no.
no
plant for P. inops SOL.?
calendulacea HOOK.
invalid if the
name
americana
II,
in
Azalea
took his
the mis-
on
DUROI
by
name, which in
Pinus
thinks,
he
because
rely
rubra, if really representing
misunderstood
was
invalid
an
REHDER
as
for
mosum
Q. digitata,
Q. rubra DUR.
legal one? Is,
cf.
call
we
sensu
5a, 6,10,24).
nr.
which
names
must treat
qualified
must be maintained, and
names
(Art. 45,47). Cf. 11,
understanding of another name, Quercus
which
must be
species,
one
such
possible
as
Herbarium Leiden:
Rijks
cases
of
balsamifera
cross-exchanges
etc.),
7
no.
of
names
( Magnolia
are
species)
found in
and
in
no.
no.
( Popu-
1
25
( Azalea
mollis).
A
third
cause
of
disagreement
disqualification of the
First,
we
must
be sufficient
we
cannot
name
of
always take
a
points
species,
took into account
a
how far
not
botanist
later-known
name
we
that the
and the
he
was
description
description
in the 18th century
species;
go with
may
the
sufficiently described.
into consideration
for the time that the
demand that
to
if
with
bound to
were
a
must
made;
description
LINNAEUS' Rule
No. 56. Dr. J. Valckenier
that the
known
description
species;
(phrase)
and
descriptions,
cf. I
description;
there
are
even
is
satisfies
There
I
species (cf.
in
are
the
really
name
of
separate species;
mixed material.
or
Pinus
no.
no.
II,
no.
LINDL.
in
II,
Prunus
Then there is the
but
MILL, in
is nevertheless
and
THB.
paniculata
synonym becomes
uncertainty has fallen
uncertain
often based
Z. in
&
II,
on
II
no.
VOGEL and
13 and
macrophylla
II,
THB.
I,
II,
race-
17,
no.
in
II,
no.
in
II,
no.
27,
Vaccinium album L. in
II,
no.
30.
Clematis
17,
in
22, Pyrus fusca RAF.
no.
14,
in
Kaempferi
Amelanchier
DEC.
as
do with
incomplete
no.
Vitis
11a,
no.
trifoliata
principle of "conditional synonyms",
cf.
by REHDER,
applied
I,
species
can
22, Abies falcata and heterophylla RAF.
CARR. in
Viburnum serratum THB. in
I think this is
any botanist
S.
Jezoënsis
12, Hydrangea
Crataegus Lavallei (L'HER.)
20,
are
lib, Desmodium formosum
no.
a
botanists
species;
species;
name,
and
wrong
species
Abies
Examples:
Toxicodendron altissimum
KOCH in
mosa
Such uncertain
taxifolia LAMB, in I,
20;
uncertain
to take all
opinion
then they cannot do
them what he likes.
10).
no.
insufficiently
many
sometimes that such
my
(cf.
described unsatis-
are
with
synonyms to well known
It is better in
species.
28.
no.
20).
no.
species; and then, with that
a
II
by neglecting LINNAEUS'
or
author
an
literature many
thought out; it happens
legal
that
on
as
II
20,
no.
the botanic
often try to put them
not well
officinalis L. without
the requirements
names, which
example of
a
description
no
genus,
like Paeonia
names
example,
of old
cases
RAFINESQUE
described
a
other
have to honour those names with old-
we
factorily, for example by insufficient material
Rules.
in
species
one
from all
1, Introductory case, Pinus halepensis,
no.
Tilia americana L., for
But
only
Thus
65
application.
the species
distinguish
must
were
needed at all.
was
fashioned
(phrase)
if there
so,
Personal ideas about the
Suringar,
1,
no.
which is
19 Picea
glauca
not
legal
etc. and
23a Abies alba etc.
In this
to be
number
same
rejectable,
Under
which
with
name
an
names
conditions
by authors, who did
12,
Alnus
II,
no.
ciesname
a
not
5
Herbarium
valid?
description
plantnames
are
use
in
II,
trivial
Cf.
are
generic
are
and
a
in themselves
even
not
a
are
(cf. Cedrus
ac-
published
libani in
question if the right of priority of
specific
And beside this
to be
names
make
12.
I,
4).
no.
regarded
Rules, but which have
needed,
I think them
specimens
no.
valid which
(our species)
and 25 there is the
separated.
LINNAEUS himself
our
not
vulgaris
14, 23b
combination of
ing to
Abies Picea;
to the International Rules of Nomenclature but which
cording
In
treated like
do authentic
unsufficient
Another question is, if
no.
are
but REHDER thinks not.
no
permitted,
we
as
name
prevails
have the
valid,
over
question if plantnames of
which
are
nomina nudaaccord-
description because for LINNAEUS
to
give
a
a
that of the
spe-
(Linnaean)
it
speciesname
was
(our
66
's
Mededeelingen
diagnosis)
to
a
Ephemeral
6
no.
monotypical genus,
names
HUDS.),
Finally there
should be
lib
no.
28
example Halesia. Cf. 11,
12
no.
Leiden:
( Vitis Kaempferi
Internationally;
the
name
invalid? Cf.
Another
mentioned
his; but
in
LINK
22
no.
example
P.
I.
and
e.g. the
For
orthographical
( Mahonia
7
sardii
For
name
etc.),
at
not
men-
the foot of the
interrogation
make
II,
(in
is that
printed! Now,
spectabilis
taxifolia
Cedrus
—
in
II,
no.
I,
A fourth
28).
make
species
in
the
name
or
names
libanotica
—
not?
by the
libani
LAMBERT in
Douglasii
Webbiana DON
—
LINNAEUS
a
(Cf.
honoured
29;
no.
one
is:
invalid
is
Florida of
a
valid
name
question if and how far changing of
be
7), which
no.
with reference to
I,
Halesia
do serious
(Cf. Schou-
12)?
questions,
no.
19a
(
insipid
Prunus
principles
communis)
and
and
insipid
no.
19b
names,
see
( Prunus Pis-
etc.).
the
is
changing of
changed, cf.
All the treated
rent
no.
nigra is
only
note of
Odostemon RAF.
Magazine,
a
never
description of
II,
in
12, Pinus
no.
tetraptera
tenia ovata in
no.
I,
26
no.
but which nevertheless
Pinus
name
nigra? Does that
name
must
Pinus
in the
was
is the
themselves,
carolina —
errors
Florula
KOCH),
2a.
no.
by RAFINESQUE
that
A third
authors
I,
example is the
28.
( Halesia carolina L.).
tioned in the text of ARNOLD, where he describes it;
illustration is written: Pinus
no.
and in II
effusa SAL.)
( Cedrus
questions of less importance,
are
treated
I
no.
(Rhododendrum luteum Sw.) and
for
as was
treated in
are
( Ulmus glabra
Herbarium
Rijks
names
as
nigra
questions give
for the
deliberation,
the author's
Pinus
same
var.
rise
name
to
plant. Unity
of
in ail
variety, when the species-
will
cases
I,
no.
2a.
personal ideas and thereby
to diffe-
only be reached by International
about the Rules themselves,
of the International Rules
a
austriaca in
so
also about the
of Plant-Nomenclature.
application
A
of
set
in
Propositions
to
regard
the
Nomenclature,
on
International
Rules
of
1905/10
¹)
BY
Dr.
J. VALCKENIER
Prof,
Ret.
of
the
To
The
1.
priority
over
that of
1790
non
II
The
a
a
For
japonicum SUR.
japonica BL. 1826
I
REHD.; cf. P. /.,
Rh.
=
Example:
Picea
cienda,
the
1908
means
=
name
may prevail
Cytisus albus HACQ.
C. albus LK; cf.
SCHN.
non
far
so
accepted, may
canadensis
B.S.P.,
P. /.,
1912, though
not
P.
non
no
25.
have
glauca
19.
no
might be made
by
species
japonicum SCHN.; cf. P. /., II
To Sect. 1 Art.
There
a
example:
principle of conditional synonyms,
retro-active
3.
and
genus
speciesname separated.
effect.
Wageningen.
Sect. 1 Art. 15.
combination of
Rhododendrum
Hymenanthes
2.
of
at
1822, though Genista alba LAM. 1786
LK
14.
no
the
SURINGAR,
Agriculture Academy
list
a
of nomina
of which undesired
International Rules
20.
could be
names
applied
conservanda et
specifica
can
most
rejf-
be put aside and
whereby
without
personal
strictly,
prepossession.
Pinus
Examples:
cf.
alba), etc.;
P.
BONG.
inops
I
/.,
Prunus communis ARCANG.
which
names
drum
x
)
P.
Ulmus
(like
A number
I.
clature, or,
nations of
Sw.)
as
glabra
cf.
with
ideas
the
FRITSCH
P.
/.,
II
HUDS.,
P.
/.,
about
is
the
II
II.
(P.
no
vulgaris
/.,
II
no
Kaempferi
6,1
carolina
insipid
19a.
For
(A.
g lutinosa),
Halesia
names,
ephemere
KOCH and Rhododen-
available.
application
of
the
International
Leiden,
no.
Rules of
International deliberation?
Some denominations of Dicotyledonous
Herbarium"
KARST.
(A.
etc. For
19a, 28,
P.
\b and 26.
no
Picea
HILL
Amygdalus),
4,
cf.
Abies
Vitis
Rules themselves,
Coniferspecies;
(„Meded. 's Rijks
etc. Alnus
desirable,
of separate copies
Personal
=
is
interchange
luteum
or
cf.
(H. tetraptera), etc.;
L.
of
(P. contorta),
6, 23a,
no
55, 56,
1928).
I. Some
Trees and
Nomendenomi-
Shrubs.
68
's
Mededeelingen
4.
There
their
as
other
might be made
For
species.
list of
a
dubiousness continues,
species,
and of
course
examples
Rijks
may
of
names
are
not be used
Leiden:
species dubiae, which,
excluded
thereby
legal
as
as
names
so
long
from
synonyms
of well established
19.
Proposition
see
Herbarium
To Sect. 3 Art. 26.
5 a. The
ginal
spelling of
of
names
from which the
names
plants may take place according
plantnames
to the ori-
derived, and according
are
the
to
rules of Latin.
Gleditschia; silvestris; sinensis;
Examples:
Greek
castanifolius.
in
ending
names
Examples:
perhaps be
generic names, with
be,
to
6.
know
a
names
of
It is
difference in
no
use
to
oon
letter,
men
and
a
women
speciesnames
to have
all
begin
be
may
latinized into
II
Engleri
19b.
no
which
speciesnames,
because it is
is taken from
for constructing
and
genera
ia and ii.
on
Eriger on. Cf. P. /.,
wise
small
ifaspeciesname
When the
Xanthoxylum; Pentastemon;
and
on.
Rhododendrum,
It would
5b.
and
um
in
ending
names
not
generic
end in
from
so
name.
easy,
as
it
old
are
seems
to
Cf. P. /., lino 19b.
consonant, there should,
a
them, always be added resp.
beside Benthamii. And i resp.
a
cause
pronounciation (accent). Example: Leycesteria.
To Sect. 3 Art. 28 and 30.
7.
So-named
"Varieties",
species-varieties")
of
which
are
and which differ from
characters, might be called subspecies.
s.sp.
be treated
as
conversation
As
fol.
reality
small-species
species by
For
example
an
(„Small-
indefinite number
Cornus alba (tatarica)
or
more
aur.
marg.
Catalogues, Seedlists, etc., all subspecies may
Cornus alba s.sp. sibirica becomes C. sibirica
species;
f.i.
nobody
says:
Varieties
few,
varieties");
are
in
C. alba s.sp.
furnishes varieties;
subspecies
one
Handbooks,
This abbreviation is
sibirica).
by
a
sibirica; Pinus nigra (laricio ) s.sp. austriaca.
In indices of
8.
in
or
at
they
the
see
might be taken
all events
often
a
by
var.
sibirica,
desirable in the
but
cases
(in
simply
C.
where the
under 8.
the
plants, which differ from
a
species
definite number of characters
originate
less constant
more
or
seed.
marg.,, or, abbreviated for
from so-called
Example:
catalogues
budvariations,
and
Cornus alba s.sp. sibirica
etc.: C. sibirica
var.
fol.
they
var.
am.
No.
56.
In the
place
insipid
It would be
pendulus
marginatus etc.;
Variety
pureus,
9. Each
species
and
then
trivial
variety gives by seed
or
are
more
of the
variety
As
this
Kosteri
var.
is
a
a
or
pendula
When
a
f.
at
species
or
var.
get
like
names
grades
variety will
Individuums
special grade of
var.
pungens
Kosteriana). The trivial
the
it from
an
long
so
see
Netherlands)
glauca
var.
itself shows in
an
a
character,
speciesnames.
glauca f. „Koster”
name
authorsname;
f.
as
is
care
is put between
f.i. P. pungens
the form
taken that the
a
name
good trivial word.
Jaarboek Nederl. Dendrol. Ver.
1927,
p.
“Kooy”
Youngii
the term
a
140, where
(of
Fa.
individuums
trivialname behind the
Example:
of the
Forma
as s
of its
one
extra blue Cedrus atlantica
once
variety.
must not be used
For
pur-
H.
a
new
DEN
form
OUDEN
is described.
species
given
Picea
denomination,
Lawsoniana
special grade, f.i.
of
var.
purpureus-laciniatus-
var.
less blue. Often such
or
Latin name, that of
good
method of
SON, Boskoop)
name
f.i.:
"Koster" MASTERS.
Chamaecyparis
may be
pur-
aureo-
purpureus-pendulus,
coloured
often
example
distinguish
(Yearb. Dendr. Soc. of
When
names,
characters in different
some
sake of that
for
It is not necessary to write the f.,
&
var.
var.
distinguish them by the term Forma and to give them
to
name; for
(fancy)
glauca f.
to
var.
blue
a
„specimen-varieties"
in orde to be able to
var.
f.i.
Individuums;
good
(usually called
,,"
etc.;
once
etc.
laciniatus-pendulus;
var.
term in the
etc.
is to write at
composite
to
69
application.
aureo-marginatus
pendulus;
var.
vegetatively
such
It would be
a
the
catalogues and suchlike the
practical
united
Individuums, which
propagated
are
be
laciniatus,
different
furnish
about
Etc.
pendulus.
the
subvar.
More
etc..
may
purpureus-laciniatus,
in
sub-divide in
to
purpureus( or eo)-pendulus
var.
names
var.
ideas
pendulus, fastigiatus (this
var.
marginatus
var.
subvar.
Personal
“pyramidalis”), glaucus, albo-plenus,
practical
not
f.i.
varieties,
have
we
same manner
of the
pureas
J. Valckenier Suringar,
Dr.
Betula
pendula
a
character in
a
specimen, then that form
speciesname, without the
f.
“Young”
(B. alba
var.
nurseries).
is
used
in
subdivision of
„physiological varieties"
a
a
the above
mentioned sense, then it
variety.
special denomination ought
to be invented
by those interested.
Forma's
that
they
nationally
for
do
are
not
require
published
indicated
for
acknowledgment
of
a
in
Latin
one
of
diagnosis;
the
but
it will be wise to urge
Horticultural
that purpose. And conditions
a
Forma.
periodicals,
Inter-
might be arranged
Mededeelingen
70
's
To Sect. 3
10.
Hybrids between
1st,
a
name
with
as
oides
with
(for
words)
x
to the
oideus
or
(for
Xylosteum).
with the title Forma.
the whole
name.
the term
(see 9)
indicates
Forma
term indicates here
same
species, according
Greek
TAUSCH (L. tatarica
xylosteoides
name
before
varieties
an
inconstant
an
viz.
inconstant,
heterozy-
Individuum.
hybrid
The
x
the
Individuum,
gotic,
with the suffix
(fancy)
the mark
,
So
trivial
a
th
species might be called
of the parent genera resp.
one
Lonicera
f.i.
words);
3rd,
of
author,
choice of the
4
or
genera
genusname;
2nd, the
Latin
Leiden:
Art. 31—34.
or more
two
Herbarium
Rijks
genusname
of
generic
may be called like the
hybrids
name
Crae-
taegomespilus.
Examples:
x
Crataegomespilus mespiloides f. “Dardar” (usually called
Crataegus monogyna
=
Berberis
=
x
f.
empetrifolioidea
empetrifolia
B.
B.
x
“Irwin”
f.
phyllum, f.
“Holland”
called
(now
f.
Darwinii,
Viburnum rhytidophylloides
"
f.
Mespilus germanica,
x
Irwinii
BIJH.)
=
“Irwin”.
“Holland”
(See for this
B.
x
C. Dardari)
x
“Dardar”.
=
V. lantana
V. rhytido-
x
hybrid Jaarb. Ned. Dendr.
new
Ver.
1927, p. 143).
The letter f may be
As
to
the
If
only
11.
that one; if
or
the
dropped if
publication
one
none
term
see
likes.
one
Proposition
last alinea.
9,
of the parents is known, the
of the parents,
hybridus
may
be
then
only
a
f.i.
used;
hybrid may be called after
trivial
name
Diervillea
x
might be given,
f.
“Eva
ought
to be
hybrida
Rathke”.
12. When the denomination sub
10 and
11
is
accepted,
care
taken,
1st that
oideus,
henceforth
especially
genus with
fied in all
or
at
least in
f.i.
ones,
definite
so
as
between
the
a
names
species
2nd that the
is
no
To
are
and
name
hybrid; existing
a
modified,
hybrid
hybridus
eliminate synonymous
f.i.
by
opulaster
instead of A.
not
names
an
names
cases,
Hydrangea
Acanthopanax sciadophyllaceus
far
being
yea, existing
made with the suffix oides
are
speciesnames
such
suffix;
aster;
or
aceus
that
no
no
is
other
species
of
the
or
same
of that kind should be modithem
giving
instead
of
sciadophylloïdes.
the mark
x
a
suffix
like
H. opuloïdes,
At
all events,
shows the difference
name.
not used
henceforth for
of that kind should be
names
of
a
species,
which
re-baptized.
hybrids, caused with this method
No.
56.
ideas about
by personal
and
Mespilus,
sibirica
clature
( Ulmus
under the
put
To
use,
instead
of
names,
is
word
glabra
regime
To
group
oides
f.i.
the
to
species by
give
practical
all
to
from the
the
be
to
Crataegus;
about
the
nomen-
be
must
names
Proposition
30.
are:
from
name
admired)
a
species
a
adjective
after
(which,
name,
species-
praefix, made with
f.
„Irwin”,
the
Vibur-
x
Holland”.
„
found
hybrid,
call
to
all
made between
or
further
two
more
or
between the
hybrids
same
same name.
hybrids between
participating
viz.
men,
(Crataegus
incl.
hybrid
hybr(id)empetrifolia
f.
and
speciesname;
a
the
hybrid
a
oideus
resp.
not
first
species
and
etc.)
etc.),
71
application.
list of names, mentioned in
Berberis
x
the
Mespilus
or
sibirica;
formation of
suffix
about
genera and
hybrid denomination
grammatically
give
of
To
posed
the
the
hybridus;
species,
c.
the
for
ideas
Mespilus
var.
the
of
of
U. scabra;
or
hybr(id)orhytidophyllum
num
b.
incl.
C. alba
or
13. Other methods of
a.
the affinities
Crataegus
Cornus
Personal
J. Valckenier Suringar,
Dr.
two
or
speciesnames.
Azalea
more
Such
mollis-sinensis;
species
a
name
the
one
names
com-
name,
exists
amongst
here not
are
abbreviated.
d. With method b and
name.
For
example:
each
c
Linnean trivial
libanitica)
is
in
published
Alnus
a
HILL; cf.
vulgaris
Names,
thereby
pentaphylla
17.
relying
no
upon
Errors in
no
Linnaeus
valid.
nd
2
to
F.i.
P. I. resp
are
(fancy)
al.).
the
International
I
no
principle
on
Cedrus
libani
12,
11
(or
no
to be declared valid.
4.
F.i.
28.
determinations
erroneous
invalid. F.i. Pinus
MARSH.. Cf. P.
sufficiently
or
interpretations,
inops BONG. (P. contorta); Acanthopanax
/., resp.
I
no
II
6,
no
22>b.
descriptions, notwithstanding which the concerned species
recognizable,
tenia ovata KORTH.; cf.
18.
P. /., II
trivial
a
Koster”.
paper, that does not contain
15. Nomina nuda in the works of
are
moreover
“Anthony
names, remains
(our species)
TREW,
Halesia carolina L.; cf.
are
f.
speciesname, which is in itself valid accordig
Rules, but which
16.
obtains
(for Art. 34 cf. Prop. 26,
To Sect.
Art.
4
37
14. A
hybrid
Azalea mollis-sinensis
P.
do not make
/.,
II
no
When the author himself of
reasons, then the second
name
a
the
names
invalid.
F.i. Schou-
12.
name
may be
has
changed
regarded
as
the
that
legal
name
one.
for
good
But, just
72
's
Mededeelingen
the
Lamb.
Douglasii
D.
bilis
DON
with other names,
as
same
(taxifolia
P.
cf.
DON),
they fall under 24. Examples
and
LAMB.)
I.,
I,
Leiden:
Herbarium
Rijks
no.
Pinus
and 29;
22
Rhododendrum
Pinus
are
Webbiana D. DON
(specta-
flavum D.
(luteum Sw.) and Halesia tetraptera L. (carolina L.), cf. P. /., II,
no
26 and 28.
As
soon
as a
by
It
19.
not
added
with
as
P.
/.,
I
/.,
II
no
20. In
Jezoensis S.
etc.
20, 27,
the
same
Prunus
subspecies
so-called
manner
(varieties
the
description
in toto is
description,
For
must
resp.
s.sp.
&
but
plants,
become
names
not
are
kept
are
evidently the
cf.
cf.
Z.,
Tsuga
the
heterophylla
description of
the description
the
in
of
not
former
of
sense)
the
a
species
to
are
a
genus must embrace the
species ought
a
and
in
not
to include
only represent
If
subspecies resp.
description, following the
name
austriaca
austriaca its
(P. nigra ARN.
in
characters
special
the
are
name
a
may be
be
description,
of all
of the
description
given without
one.
Pinus nigra ARN. emend.,
original
to
a
varieties with
give the reader the idea of the whole species,
var.
characters
toto, special
be mentioned.
desired, then the species
and each of the
example,
less
In
described
plants,
RAF., etc.;
ARN. emend, is to be left without
or
of
paniculata THB., Pirus fusca RAF., etc.;
as
so
and varieties
subspecies
species
which do
descriptions,
species
change
"typical" subspecies resp. variety.
After
the
special
a
,
in conform to 25.
etc.
whole extent of the genus,
all
with
names
a
of well
names
Congress
following Congress,
a
certainty
to the
International
Prop. 4.
13, 20,
no
at
an
recommended that
Abies
Examples:
P.
by
doing otherwise such dubious
See
names.
fixed
proposed
sufficient
synonyms
separated. Bij
legal
be
might
indicate
is
speciesname
the author must be
not
sense);
given;
and the
that of
only
etc.
by
the
Or,
Pinus
subspecies
s.sp.
side
to be
of
nigra
more
amply described.
opinion the first method
my
In the
case
that
a
species
or
is the better and
one
or
more
of its
more
comprehensive
subspecies
has
propriety of developing bud-variations and suchlike, then this
is to be mentioned in
general
terms in the
one.
(have) the
propriety
description of the species resp.
subspecies.
To Sect 5.
21.
The author's
the genus
nymous
or
name
of
speciesname
name.
F.i.:
a
or
subspecies
or
variety
both of them is
remains
(are)
unaltered when
changed
into
a
syno-
No.
Pinus
„
Dr.
56.
Personal
J. Valckenier Suringar,
laricio
PoiR.s.sp. austriaca ENDL.
nigra
ARN.
I
73
application.
&
GRAEBN.
,,
CARR.
Fretsii BEISSN.
var.
taxifolia BRITT.
„
the
ENDL. and not ASCH
„
Pseudotsuga Douglasii
Cf. P. /.,
about
ideas
BEISSN. and not REHD.
„
„
2a.
no
To Sect. 6 Art. 49.
22.
Art.49,remnant of the old
served
good compromise but
as a
cations, f.i. Abies
concolor
Lowiana; cf. P. /.,
a
in
Rule,
I
no
Kew
unnecessary
it
repealed;
has
nomenclature compli-
(var.) lasiocarpa beside the synonym Abies
s.sp.
27. The Recommendation
harmony with
to be
Rule, ought
causes
no
29
to become
ought
art. 48.
To Sect. 7 Art. 55².
Names like
23.
names
and
are
such
as
to be declared invalid.
1
P. /.,
(cf.
REHDER
no
23a);
,
genus and
a
have
been
used
are
in
is
a
these taken
genus
for
name
13.
being
case
different senses,
Abies Picea KARST. and Picea
F.i.
tautological
no
in
speciesname,
a
or
II
Rhododendrum Azaleodendrum VILM.
( Azaleodendrum
drum and Azalea
essentially
are
under this article. Cf. P. /.,
come
genera, which
of
names
to
are
combinations of
Moreover,
two
Halimodendrum Halodendrum
Abies LINDL.
Boiss.
et
fide
hybrids between Rhododen-
separate genera).
as
To Sect. 4.
24. The
for
their
a.
A
names
of all
validity
list is
species
etc. of
to
legality,
and
plants
are
to be
submitted, little by little,
International
an
made beforehand of all
Congress,
this
in
names, about which there is
way:
unani-
mity.
b.
From
accepted
tainty
all
but
,this
names, of which
which
are
P.
/.,
c.
1
no
From
competing
is
uncertainty
Pinus nigra? ARNOLD,
cf.
to
be
P. /.,
validity
and
I
expounded
no
legality
with
some
are
universally
kind
beforehand.
of
uncer-
Examples
are
2a; Pinus (L.) austriaca LOUD., cf.
2a.
all
names, about which
names
of
the
same
beforehand, and explanation
ideas with
the
nevertheless afflicted
regard
those different
to the
names
Examples: Mahonia
there exists
genus
is to be
or
difference of
species
given
are
of the
to
be
opinion,
put
the
together
contradictory personal
application of the International Rules,
on
which
rely.
—
Odostemon
(cf.
P.
/.,
II
no
7); Pinus Pinaster
—
74
Mededeelingen 's Rijks
maritima, Cedrus effusa
P.
(Cf.
I
/.,
—
libani
or
Herbarium
libanitica, Thyja gigantea—plicata,
2,12,33, etc.); Quercus rubra
no
foliacea and procera, Chaenomeles japonica
11
d. To
into
a—c
carry
hardy ligneous
tropical
ligneous
readiness
25.
As
plants,
nal
are
annuals),
annuals);
made with
genera
as
names
and
Persons
fixed at
are
research, may
to the
regard
taken apart.
are
not
to
geographical distribution
All
when
Congress;
this takes
expounded
and
in
an
of this
International
an
be taken
a
on
kind.
Congress, changes,
valid and
as
depending
groups of any
treat
expounded beforehand and accepted by
not
proposed
to be divided into groups;
plants (perennials,
Institutions
soon
are
herbaceous
hardy
of
based upon further
they
—
tropical herbaceous plants (perennials,
are
families resp.
special
the
etc.
campestris
lagenaria, etc., etc.(Cf. P. /.,
—
execution, the plants
plants,
or, divisions
etc., etc.;
or,
Ulmus
borealis,
—
3, 6, 21, etc.).
no
f.i.
Leiden:
legal
place, the date, upon which the
authentic paper, is to be taken
so
long
as
Internatio-
following
as
name
was
the date of
publication.
26. A
plants,
with
change of
ought,
the
critizised.
The
an
34
Not
val.
of the
Instead
of
to
temporary
f.i
new
the
28. In
the
fixed,
1st
to be made in
or
etc.
one
to be
of the
cf. P. /.,
of which
no
the species,
as
name
far
this
II
no
sufficient
also
group of
published
complete (plant,
ought
to be
at
put
periodicals of diffe-
as
an
appendix
proposition
to
Sect.
4
is submitted to appro-
nomen"
est
ought
whilst
the
as
prevail
the
19a.
good
to give them for
did e.g. THUNBERG in his "Flora
Frutex radicans
to
material is obtained to
it would be
determiname
a
Japonica" of 1784;
foliis quinquelobis; Rhus hirsuta
names
authentic material of them is to be
as
be affixed
(Cf. with
but its
"nomen
omen";
meantime,
Material,
be
and
may be studied
name
dried material
which could
principle
foliis ternatis;
etc.
other
name, to
Rules).
species
est
phrase,
Scandens
.
legal
the
or
Herbaria, indicated for that purpose.
moreover
Intern.
plants,
spinosa;
species
new
indicated for that purpose. The best way would be to esta-
principle "nomen
nate the genus
a
species etc. ought
and
of the different countries.
only the
27. As
a new
International paper,
periodicals
Art.
is
of
valid and
of which
means
or more
one
countries,
blish
name
as
flowers, fruits);
The publication
rent
by
description of
leaves,
disposal of
the
or
name
consideration
indications,
branches,
the
for
of
already known species
are
deposited;
possible, from the original author (or authors, f.i.
No.
in the
56.
Dr.
J.
of species
case
taken
as
ideas
synonymous),
or
about
the
at least
75
application.
indication where
authentic material is to be found.
this
2nd
Complete material,
nally fixed,
In the
ferent
to its
as
with
the
different
relationship,
luteum
Internatio-
are
names
names.
names
of
a
Berberis
(flavum)
names
are
to be
put
and Mahonia
Aquifolium
and
fid-
plant resulting from
those different
f.i.
material;
same
drawings and
enlarged with
at the time that their
are
Rhododendrum
Aquifolium;
alba
where there
opinions
together
possible
as
comprehended under those
are
cases
far
as
photos, of the plants, which,
Azalea pontica;
Cornus
and C. sibirica. and C. sibirica.
s.sp.
The material sub
of historical
as
Personal
Suringar,
Valckenier
1st from
value;
described after
species, described before 1900,
that sub 2nd
1900,
are,
as
to
as
is to be taken
the actual authentic material.
authentic
material,
to
Species,
be treated
as
new
species (see 26).
procuring and keeping this actual authentic material, may
The task of
be
divided
work sub
As
far
material
are
to be
over
24d,
as
the different Herbaria,
with the
from
put
the
geographical
desired;
species
at their
plants,
preparatory
etc.
Herbaria may obtain part of this actual authentic
all
possible
in connection with the
distribution of the
all
at
events
photographic
offprints
disposal.
29. The office of the Index Kewensis might be the centre for the standard
sub 26 and for
herbary mentioned sub 28, for the International periodical
the lists of
30.
For the sake of
general
use,
sensu
genera
or
cf. also
To
be
Handbooks,
list of
separate
relationship
amplo
or
Berberis
same
Catalogues,
names
might
decided in
are
Papilionaceae
incl.
the result
Lowiana;
kind the
a
of
questions
nosae
plants and the explanations mentioned sub 3, 4, 24 and 30.
be
one
etc.;
compiled, whereby all existing
or
another
concolor
s.sp.
being that in all the papers of
families, genera, species,
sense.
F.i.
Berberis and Mahonia
Abies
Mahonia;
Seedlists and other papers for
Legumi-
as
separate
lasiocarpa
or
A.
the above mentioned
etc. appear, in the
same
meaning;
7.
obtain
taken
unity in the mentioned papers, temporary
with
Congress has
regard
not
to be indicated
to
dubious
yet given
in
a
special
a
names,
about which
decisions
an
final decision. These temporary
manner.
might
International
names
ought
Contents
p.
1
2
2
2
3
Introduction.
to
Additions
1. to note
2. to no.
2
5
Part
Pinus
3. to no. 8 Larix
4
4. to no. 22
4
5.
I.
3.
on p.
montana
and
and
dahurica
Mugo.
pendula.
and
Pseudotsuga Douglasii
taxifolia.
Diversa.
5
II.
5
Nr.
of
Denominations
I.
of
9
No.
2.
Salix Elaeagnos, rosmarinifolia
No.
3.
Quercus rubra, borealis,
montana.
Again
an incorrect
No.
4.
and
Shrubs-species.
tacamahaca and deltoides.
A
cross-exchange
Q. Prinus,
Michauxii and
names.
10
14
Trees
Dicotyledonous
some
Populus balsamifera, candicans,
incana.
and
identification.
A
and
ambigua.
of names.
cross-exchange
a
glutinosa, vulgaris
Alnus
and
digitata
A name
relies
which
upon
erracticum.
nomen
rotundifolia.
A
valid
in
name
invalid
an
paper.
15
No.
5a.
Betula alba, pendula,
16
No.
56.
Corylus
18
No.
6.
Ulmus
U.
No.
7.
a
Mahonia
8.
Odostemon;
Odostemon
clature
No.
and
an
No.
9.
26
No.
10.
An
U.
procera;
ephemeral
M. japonica
Aquifolium
and
pedunculata
laevis:
question.
denudata;
and
name.
and
Bealii;
and nutkanus.
orthographical
conspicua
exchanges of
26
and
A
Aquifolium
M.
peculiar
The
liliflora;
and
M. hypoleuca
of
case
and
nomen-
Kewensis.
Index
and
obovata
Magnolia denudata, purpurea, discolor,
Yulan,
divided species.
a
glabra.
divided species.
and
repens,
23
and
pubescens;
cornuta.
campestris, foliacea,nitens
scabra
Again
21
and
verrucosa
and
rostrata
M. precia,
obovata.
Cross-
names.
Stuartia and Stewartia.
Tilia
europaea
name
and
remain
T. americana
platyphyllos;
valid,
when
a
is
species
and
Does
glabra.
divided?
When
is
an
the
old
old
des-
cription sufficient?
29
No.
11a.
Ailanthus glandulosa,
30
No.
116.
Vitis
31
No.
11c.
Ceanothus
No.
12.
Lespedeza
Coignetiae
and
Cacodendrum
Kaempferi.
and
An
altissima.
uncertain
An
species
uncertain
and
an
species.
ephemeral
name.
32
formosa,
Exochorda
which
and
azureus
rely
coeruleus.
and
grandiflora
on
wrong
errors,
names?
Uncertain species,
No.
13. Halimodendrum
35
No.
14.
racemosa,
racemosa.
identification
contain
34
and
Sieboldii
invalid,
argenteum
so
and
that
what
or
which
eventually
to
do
Desmodium
have
they
penduliflorum.
ovata.
Schoutenia
Are
names,
descriptions,
cannot
become
that
legal
with them?
Halodendrum. A cryptic tautological
Cytisus albus, Linkii, multiflorus and leucanthus.
The
right
of
name.
priority
of
No.
56.
Dr.
Valckenier
J.
Personal
Suringar,
ideas
about
the
77
application.
Pa combination
of the
and
of a
in
species
and a
generic
36
No.
15.
Meratia
37
No.
16.
Elaeagnus longipes, edulis
37
No.
17.
Hydrangea opuloïdes
39
No.
18.
Rhodotypus kerrioïdes, tetrapetala
39
No.
19a.
Prunus
41
No.
19b.
est
and
and
with
that
and
multiflora.
macrophylla.
and
communis;
An
uncertain
scandens.
An
species.
uncertain
insipid principle
an
and
species.
insipid
names;
omen.
Pissardii.
Prunus
comparison
Chimonanthus.
Amygdalus
nomen
name in
specific
itself.
Celastrus
and
orbiculata
articulata.
Orthographical
questions.
43
No.
20.
Malus
Toringo
and
insufficiently
44
No.
21.
Sieboldii;
described
and
Chaenomeles japonica
A
cross-exchange
lagenaria;
No.
22.
47
No.
23a.
Aralia
48
No.
23b.
Acanthopanax pentaphyllus
neric
and
and
mandshurica
specific
and
the
identification;
a
and
Lavallei
Crataegus Carrierei,
erroneous
and
fusca
An
diversifolia.
Ch.
Mauleï,
alpina
japonica.
and
of names.
46
sinensis,
M. rivularis,
name.
name in
berberifolia.
elata.
Sieboldianus.
of
right
A
comparison
based
name,
of
priority
upon
a combination
with that
of the
of
a
an
ge-
name in
species
itself.
49
No.
24.
Nyssa
aquatica,
silvatica,
and
uniflora
multiflora.
A
species,
divided
into
two.
51
No.
25.
Azalea
and
of
(Rhododendrum) mollis (e),
occidentalis (e). Again
priority
parison
of a
with
combination
of
that
the
japonica
cross-exchange
a
of
a
species
and
generic
name
in
calendulacea
(um),
of names and
a
specific
itself.
The
again
the
name
in
(um),
right
com-
Index Kewensis.
54
No.
26.
Azalea (Rhododendrum) lutea (um), nudiflora (um), calendulacea (um), rubra
57
No.
27.
Symplocos crataegoides
(um)
and
uncertain
58
No.
28.
Halesia
occidentalis
and
and
taken
ephemeral name. Again the
paniculata;
carolina;
up again.
60
No.
29.
Ligustrum ibota, ciliatum
61
No.
30.
Symphoricarpus
62
An
and
Akebia
lobata
SILVA TAROUCA
and
racemosus
and
A
an
ephemeral
nomen nudum
name,
taken
Final
67
A set
Kewensis.
trifoliata.
Two
SCHNEIDER'S
on
as
by
LIN-
valid.
obtusifolium.
„Unsere
Freiland
retrospection.
of Propositions
rejected
and albus.
hOlze".
63
Index
and
species.
tetraptera
NAEUS
(e).
the
Rules
of
Nomenclature.
Laub-und
Nadelge-